identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
6FE614A8092B5F45A63101B2982FFD28.text	6FE614A8092B5F45A63101B2982FFD28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis atrata Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 58. 1920.	<div><p>1.  Cranichis atrata Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 58. 1920.</p><p>Type.</p><p>COLOMBIA. Madero 3 (B†; lectotype, designated by Garay (1978: 191): AMES-drawing).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 24 cm tall, erect. Leaf 1, basal, petiolate; petiole 12 cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 9 cm long, 7 cm wide, obliquely elliptical, acuminate, base cordate. Scape glabrous, enclosed in 4 non-foliaceous sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 2.5 cm long, subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers small, glabrous. Floral bracts 4.8 mm long, lanceolate, obtuse. Pedicellate ovary 5.0 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 3.7 mm long, 1.0 mm wide, oblong-elliptical, obtuse, 1-veined. Petals 3.1 mm long, 1.1 mm wide, obliquely ligulate-oblanceolate, obtuse, long cilia on both margins, 1-veined. Lateral sepals 3.1 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, obliquely elliptic-ovate, subacuminate, 1-veined. Lip 2.8 mm long, 2.1 mm wide, concave in the centre, subsessile, elliptic-obovate, minutely apiculate; disc with 3 thickened, dendritic branching veins. Gynostemium 1.3 mm long. Fig. 1.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial plants growing in subhumid Tucumano-Boliviano forest at an altitude of 2200 m. Flowers in February.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Prov. Vallegrande.  Río San Lorenzo, entre Piraimiri y  Masicurí, 2220 m. 23 February 1991, R. Vasquez et al. 1429 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is usually considered to be a synonym of  C. ciliata (e.g. Garay 1978; Hamer 1985; Christenson 1991;  Bogarín et al. 2014), however, the venation of the lateral sepals is a constant character that can be used to distinguish these two taxa. Lateral sepals of  C. atrata are always 1-veined (vs. 2- or 3-veined).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6FE614A8092B5F45A63101B2982FFD28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
0EEE30766E1F545C9353796A5137DB10.text	0EEE30766E1F545C9353796A5137DB10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis badia Renz ex Kolan. & Szlach., Nordic J. Bot. 32 (3): 289. 2014.	<div><p>2.  Cranichis badia Renz ex Kolan. &amp; Szlach., Nordic J. Bot. 32(3): 289. 2014.</p><p>Type.</p><p>VENEZUELA. Renz 6065 (holotype: RENZ!; isotypes: RENZ!).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 28-60 cm tall. Leaf 1, basal, petiolate; petiole 10-19 cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 7-11 cm long, 5 cm wide, ovate-elliptical, acuminate, cuneate at the base. Scape sparsely pubescent on upper part, enclosed in 4-5, non-foliaceous sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 6-8 cm long, cylindrical, subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers brownish or greenish-yellow. Floral bracts 4.0-4.5 mm long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary 5.3-6.2 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 3.3-4.0 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, ovate, obtuse, 3-veined. Petals 3.7-4 mm long, 0.6-0.7 mm wide, falcately linear to linear-lanceolate, apex rounded, 1-veined, glabrous. Lateral sepals 4.0-4.1 mm long, 1.5-2.1 mm wide, obliquely elliptical, obtuse, 2- or 5-veined. Lip 2.9-3.6 mm long, 2.3-2.6 mm wide, concave, unguiculate, elliptic-suborbicular above, obtuse; disc 3-veined, midvein anastomosing, lateral veins branching. Gynostemium 1.5-2 mm long. Fig. 3.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial in Yungas montane humid forest with  Weinmannia L. ( Cunoniaceae),  Clethra L. ( Clethraceae),  Ocotea mandonii Mez ( Lauraceae), numerous plants of  Chusquea Kunth ( Poaceae) and  Piper L. ( Piperaceae). It occurs at altitudes between 2150-2890 m. Flowers in March and May.</p><p>Representative specimens.</p><p>BOLIVIA. La Paz: Prov. B. Saavedra. Area Natural de Manejo Integrado Apolobamba, Wayrapata. 15°06  ’45” S 68°55  ’05” W, 2889 m. 8 May 2010. L. Cayola et al. 3657 (LPB!). Tarija: Prov. Cercado, cerca Victoria, 2150 m. 3 March 1986. E. Bastian 937 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Bolivian plants are somewhat different from typical plants of  C. badia. Lateral sepals of Cayola et al. 3657 are 2-veined and lateral sepals of Bastian 937 are 5-veined, whereas typically  C. badia has 3 veins.  Cranichis badia was described relatively recently (Kolanowska and Szlachetko 2014) and its morphological variation requires further study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0EEE30766E1F545C9353796A5137DB10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
63E0620AF4BA5092A46F568E99E8FD76.text	63E0620AF4BA5092A46F568E99E8FD76.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis beckii Kolan., Baranow, S. Nowak & A. Fuentes, sp. nov.	<div><p>3.  Cranichis beckii Kolan., Baranow, S. Nowak &amp; A. Fuentes, sp. nov.</p><p>Type.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Beck 313 (holotype: LPB!).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Species similar to  C. lehmannii, but distinguished by larger leaves up to 20 cm long, 1-veined lateral sepals, spathulate-obovate petals and ciliate ovary.</p><p>Plants 50 cm tall. Leaves 3, basal, petiolate; petiole 8-10 cm long, narrow; blade 11-20 cm long, 4-6 cm wide, ovate, acute. Scape erect, enclosed in about 6, foliaceous sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 16 cm long, conical, sublaxly  many-ﬂowered . Flowers yellowish, glabrous. Floral bracts 6.2 mm long, lanceolate, acute, microscopically ciliate. Pedicellate ovary 9.5 mm long, microscopically ciliate. Dorsal sepal 3.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, oblong-ovate, acuminate, obtuse, 1-veined. Petals 3.2 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, obliquely spathulate-obovate, apiculate, 1-veined. Lateral sepals 3.5 mm long, 1.7 mm wide, obliquely oblong-elliptical, subapiculate, concave near base, 1-veined. Lip 3 mm long, 2.1 mm wide, concave, subsessile, elliptical to oblong-elliptical in outline, apiculate at apex; disc deeply concave in the centre with numerous, irregularly subglobose thickenings on inner surface, veins 3, thickened. Gynostemium 2 mm long. Fig. 4.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Dedicated to Stephan G. Beck, who collected the type specimen and is a former director of Herbario Nacional de Bolivia.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial in Yungas humid, secondary montane forest at an altitude of ca. 1730 m. Flowers in February.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. La Paz: Prov. Nor Yungas. Cotapata.  Estación Biológica de Tunkini. A media hora de la EBT, cruzando l  río, 1735 m. 2 February 2002. S. G. Beck 313 (LPB!). Fig. 2A, 4.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species resembles  C. lehmannii in general flower morphology, but its petals are spathulate-obovate, widest apically and similar in shape to those of  C. diphylla . Leaves of  C. lehmannii are smaller (up to 11 cm long), its ovary is glabrous (microscopically ciliate in  C. beckii), lateral sepals are 2-veined (vs 1-veined in  C. beckii) and petals are lanceolate. The comparative morphology of  C. beckii and  C. lehmannii is presented in Table 1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/63E0620AF4BA5092A46F568E99E8FD76	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
18E7EA7DFF2E50B8A6ABE441AAB758D8.text	18E7EA7DFF2E50B8A6ABE441AAB758D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) (Kunth) Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: 324. 1822.	<div><p>4.  Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth, Syn. Pl. 1: 324. 1822.</p><p>Ophrys ciliata Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1: 334, t. 74. 1816.</p><p>Type.</p><p>VENEZUELA. Humboldt s.n. (lectotype, designated by Garay (1978: 191): W!).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 26-54 cm tall. Leaves l-2, basal, petiolate; petiole 5-19 cm long, canaliculate; blade 4-15 cm long, 3-7.5 cm wide, oblong-ovate to elliptical, acute to acuminate, broadly rounded to subcordate at the base. Scape glabrous in lower part, glandular-pubescent above, enclosed in 3-6 non-foliaceous sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 3.5-17 cm long, cylindrical, sublaxly to subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers whitish marked with green or purple-brown, with reddish or brown lip. Floral bracts 4.2-6.0 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, ovate, acuminate to acute, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary 5.0-8.5 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 3.0-4.1 mm long, 1.2-2.0 mm wide, oblong-elliptical to ovate, obtuse, 3-5-veined (rarely 1-veined). Petals 2.8-4.1 mm long, 0.4-1.0 mm wide, obliquely narrowly-ligulate to oblanceolate, obtuse, 1-veined, margins ciliate. Lateral sepals 3.0-4.5 mm long, 1.2-2.0 mm wide, obliquely oblong-ovate to elliptic-ovate, subobtuse, 2- or 3-veined. Lip 2.5-3.2 mm long, 2.1-3.0 mm wide, gibbose at base, cochleate above, obovate to suborbicular above the base, rounded or obtuse at apex; disc with 3 thickened, dendritic branching veins. Gynostemium 1.2-2 mm long. Fig. 5 - 6.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial in Yungas secondary submontane humid forest, montane, cloud forest, secondary forest with  Tibouchina Aubl. ( Melastomataceae) and  Miconia Ruiz &amp; Pav. ( Melastomataceae), forest with  Clusia L. ( Clusiaceae) and  Weinmannia L. ( Cunoniaceae) and in Tucumano-Boliviano secondary submontane humid forest with  Myrcianthes O. Berg. ( Myrtaceae). Flowers in March, April, May and June. The populations of this species were recorded growing at altitudes between 1900-3000 m. According to  Vásquez et al. (2014) this species occurs in the Yungas ecoregion at altitudes between 1000-3000 m.</p><p>Representative specimens.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Cochabamba: Cochabamba: Prov. Carrasco. La Siberia. January 1983. R.  Vásquez et al. 792 (Herbarium Vasquezianum- Dodson and  Vásquez . 1989); Sehuencas, PN Carrasco, 2100 m. 5 April 1996. P. Ibish &amp; C. Ibish 96.0020 (LPB!), Prov. Ayopaya, 10 km Cocapata-Cotacajes, 3000 m. 9 May 1997. M. Kessler et al. 9412 (LPB!). La Paz: Prov. Nor Yungas. 2.4 km below Chuspipata on road to Chulumani, 2950 m. 4 March 1983. J. C. Solomon 9678 (LPB!). Prov. B. Saavedra. Area Natural de Manejo Integrado Apolobamba. Chulina, al frente de estancia Wikjelani, pasando por el  río Sillaca. 15°07  ’57” S 68°52  ’57” W, 2760 m. 17 April 2010. A. Fuentes &amp; R. Rodas 16115 (LPB!), Area Natural de Manejo Integrado Apolobamba. Kazu, cruzando el  río Sillaca, 30 minutos bajando por el  río Sillaca, al frente de la loma Wakelli. 15°07  ’53” S 68°53  ’08” W, 2788 m. 17 April 2010. I. Loza et al. 1621A (LPB!), Area Natural de Manejo Integrado Apolobamba. Paian,  río Silliaca, sector Kumamita. 15°06  ’47” S 68°55  ’04” W, 2659 m. 20 April 2010. I. Loza et al. 1698 (LPB!), Prov. Franz Tamayo. Parque Nacional Madidi. Sector campamento Tanhuara, por el antiguo camino Pelechuco-Apolo, pasando el  río Pelechuco. 14°44  ’59” S 68°56  ’57” W, 1905 m. 28 June 2009. A. Fuentes &amp; D. Alanes 15018 (LPB!). Santa Cruz: Prov. Vallegrande. Vallegrande, aprox. 10 km al S por el camino a  Pucará, 2260 m. 31 March 2001. A. Fuentes 2903 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This is a widely distributed species reported from Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina. Various authors have synonymized  C. ciliata with different species, e.g.  C. antioquiensis Schltr. (Davidse et al. 2020),  C. atrata (Garay 1978; Christenson 1991;  Bogarín et al. 2014),  C. curtii Schltr. (Davidse et al. 2020),  C. irazuensis Schltr. (Davidse et al. 2020),  C. mandonii (Schweinfurth 1958;  Bogarín et al. 2014),  C. pachnodes Løjtnant ( Bogarín et al. 2014),  C. pleioneura ( Bogarín et al. 2014),  C. polyblephara Schltr. (Brako and Zarucchi 1993;  Bogarín et al. 2014),  C. schlimii Rchb. f. ( Bogarín et al. 2014) and  C. sororia Schltr. (Garay 1978;  Bogarín et al. 2014). The actual taxonomic position of most of them requires further study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/18E7EA7DFF2E50B8A6ABE441AAB758D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
C12C12C0AE785ADFB8B70A3A7AFEF898.text	C12C12C0AE785ADFB8B70A3A7AFEF898.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis cylindrostachys Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 59. 1920.	<div><p>5.  Cranichis cylindrostachys Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 59. 1920.</p><p>Type.</p><p>COLOMBIA. Madero 14 (B†, lectotype, designated by Garay (1978: 199): AMES!-drawing).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 26-29 cm tall. Leaves 2-3, basal, petiolate; petiole 3-8 cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 2-6 cm long, 1.6-4 cm wide, ovate, acute, base obliquely cordate to cuneate. Scape glabrous, remotely 4-5-sheathed.  Inﬂorescence 5-12 cm long, cylindrical, subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers small, glabrous. Floral bracts 3.8 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary 5.5 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 3 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, ovate-lanceolate, subobtuse, 1-veined. Petals 3.1 mm long, 0.7 mm wide, obliquely lanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, subobtuse, glabrous on margins, 1-veined. Lateral sepals 3.6 mm long, 2.1 mm wide, obliquely elliptic-ovate, slightly concave at base, obtuse, 2-veined. Lip 3.1 mm long, 2 mm wide, somewhat concave, subsessile, oblong-elliptical, shortly apiculate; disc with 3 thickened, dendritic branching veins with prominent nodules. Gynostemium 1.8 mm long. Fig. 7.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial in Yungas montane secondary forest at an altitude of 1980 m. Flowers in March.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. La Paz: Prov. Yungas, Challapata, pasando ladera quemada  más alla de las Masdevallias, 1981 m. 4 March 2006. F. Miranda et al. 1236 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Cranichis cylindrostachys is often considered to be a synonym of  C. lehmannii (e.g. Garay, 1978). The two species differ in leaf petiole length (usually 3-4 cm long in  C. lehmannii) and inflorescence architecture (conical in  C. lehmannii), but whether they are different species is doubtful and further molecular studies are needed to clarify the situation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C12C12C0AE785ADFB8B70A3A7AFEF898	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
334B38A6206653938C8BBD49CFBA954E.text	334B38A6206653938C8BBD49CFBA954E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis diphylla Sw., Prodr. 120. 1788.	<div><p>6.  Cranichis diphylla Sw., Prodr. 120. 1788.</p><p>Type.</p><p>JAMAICA. s.n. (lectotype, designated by Garay (1978: 192): BM!; isolectotypes, LD, S!, UPS, W!; AMES! -drawing).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants up to 40 cm tall. Leaves 1-3, basal, often variegated, petiolate; petiole rather variable in length, up to 3 cm; blade up to 9 cm long, 4 cm wide, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute to subacuminate, subcordate at base. Scape slender, erect, remotely few-sheathed, glabrous below, glandular-pubescent above.  Inﬂorescence up to 6.5 cm long, cylindrical, loosely to subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers white with green veins. Floral bracts 4 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely glandular. Pedicellate ovary up to 6 mm long, cylindrical, more or less glandular. Dorsal sepal up to 3.5 mm long, 1.6 mm wide, erect, elliptical, subacute to subobtuse, 3-veined, occasionally sparsely pubescent dorsally. Petals up to 3.1 mm long, 1 mm wide, near apex linear-oblanceolate, acute to obtuse, 1-veined, glabrous along margins. Lateral sepals up to 4 mm long, 1.6 mm wide, spreading, obliquely ovate to ovate-elliptical, acute to obtuse, 2-veined, occasionally sparsely pubescent dorsally. Lip up to 3.6 mm long, 3.2 mm wide, concave, inconspicuously subcordate at base, ovate to broadly elliptical in outline, subacute to subobtuse; disc obcordately papillose-thickened with three branching, often glandular (with nodules) veins from base to middle of lip. Gynostemium 1.3-2 mm long. Fig. 8.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>According to  Vásquez et al. (2014) this species occurs in the Yungas ecoregion at altitudes between 1000-1500 and 2500-3500 m.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz. R.  Vásquez C. 2180 (herb.  Vásquez, LPB).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The specimen cited by  Vásquez et al. (2014) was not found in the Orchid collection in LPB and we were not able to confirm the occurrence of this species in Bolivia. The characteristics presented above were prepared based on those of Ecuadorian and Colombian plants (Szlachetko and Kolanowska 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/334B38A6206653938C8BBD49CFBA954E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
2EEC19E7543A5A65B3FE48E4CC317558.text	2EEC19E7543A5A65B3FE48E4CC317558.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis garayana Dodson & R. Vásquez, Icon. Pl. Trop., ser. 2. 3: pl. 210. 1989.	<div><p>7.  
Cranichis garayana Dodson &amp; R. 
Vasquez, Icon. Pl. Trop., ser. 2. 3: pl. 210. 1989.</p><p>Type.</p><p>BOLIVIA.  Vásquez Ch. 612 (holotype MO)  .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 20-40 cm tall. Leaves 2, basal, petiolate; petiole 4-6 cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 2.8-8.0 cm long, 3.0-5 cm wide, ovate, acuminate. Scape glabrous, enclosed in about 4-5 non-foliaceous sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 4.0-10 cm long, cylindrical, sub-laxly few- to  many-ﬂowered . Flowers whitish-brown, glabrous. Floral bracts 5.0 mm long, lanceolate, acute. Pedicellate ovary 7.5 mm long, almost glabrous. Dorsal sepal 5.0-6.0 mm long, 2.3-3.0 mm wide, oblong-elliptical to ovate, obtuse, 3-veined. Petals 4.5-5.0 mm long, 1.7-2.0 mm wide, obliquely oblanceolate to spathulate, obtuse, 1-veined, glabrous. Lateral sepals 5.1-6.0 mm long, 2.3-3.5 mm wide, obliquely ovate, obscurely 2-veined. Lip 4.5-5.0 mm long, 4.5-5.0 mm wide, concave, subsessile, 3-lobed above the elliptical base, lateral lobes subquadrate, deeply laciniate, middle lobe ovate, rounded or obtuse; disc with 5 dendritic branching veins. Gynostemium 2.9 mm long. Fig. 9.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial or epiphytic in Yungas montane wet forest at altitudes between 1880-2240 m. Flowers in March. According to  Vásquez et al. (2014) this species occurs in Yungas ecoregion at altitudes between 1500-2500 m.</p><p>Representative specimens.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Cochabamba: Chapare, km 100, Cochabamba to Villa Tunari, 1880 m. 22 March 1981. R.  Vásquez Ch. 612 (MO). La Paz: Prov. Nor Yungas. PN-ANMI Cotapata, sendero Sandillani al segundo campamento, 2240 m. 4 March 2006. I. Jimenez &amp; F. Miranda 3854 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Cranichis garayana is a Bolivian endemic easily distinguished from other species by its 3-lobed lip above an elliptical base with subquadrate, deeply laciniate, lateral lobes and ovate, rounded middle lobe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2EEC19E7543A5A65B3FE48E4CC317558	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
95D624BD02855997839F1E3EFD3CA3D0.text	95D624BD02855997839F1E3EFD3CA3D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis lehmannii Rchb. f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1: 4. 1878.	<div><p>8.  Cranichis lehmannii Rchb. f., Otia Bot. Hamburg. 1: 4. 1878.</p><p>Type.</p><p>ECUADOR. Lehmann 77 (lectotype, designated by Garay (1978: 199): W!; AMES!-drawing, UGDA-DLSz!-drawing).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 26-60 cm tall. Leaves 1-3, basal, petiolate; petiole 3-4(8) cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 6.5-11 cm long, 2.8-5 cm wide, ovate, acute. Scape erect, enclosed in 6-9 sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 2.5-10.5 cm long, conical, sublaxly  many-ﬂowered . Flowers small, glabrous. Floral bracts 4.5-8 mm long, lanceolate, acute. Pedicellate ovary 6-9 mm long, almost glabrous. Dorsal sepal 3-4 mm long, 1-1.1 mm wide, oblong-lanceolate to oblong ovate, acuminate, obtuse, concave, 1-veined. Petals 2.5-3.5 mm long, 0.5-1.2 mm wide, lanceolate, somewhat oblique at base, subobtuse, 1-veined. Lateral sepals 3.5-4 mm long, 1.5-1.7 mm wide, obliquely elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, subacute to subapiculate, concave in the centre, obscurely 2-veined. Lip 3-3.3 mm long, 1.6-2.3 mm wide, concave, subsessile, elliptical to oblong-elliptical in outline, obtuse at apex, lateral margins  reﬂexed; disc with numerous, irregularly subglobose thickenings on the inner surface, veins thickened with dendritic branching. Gynostemium 1.2-1.5 mm long. Fig. 10.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>According to  Vásquez et al. (2014) this species grows as an epiphyte in the Yungas ecoregion at altitudes between 2500-3500 m.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. La Paz: PN-ANMI Cotapata, sendero Chojllapata, poco antes de llegar al codo del sendero. 16°14'S, 67°52'O, 2670 m. I.  Jiménez 5579 (LPB-  Jiménez-Pérez 2011). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The specimen cited by  Jiménez-Pérez (2011) was not found in the Orchid collection deposited in LPB and we were not able to confirm the occurrence of this species in Bolivia. The characteristics presented above are based on those of Ecuadorian and Colombian plants (Szlachetko and Kolanowska 2019).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/95D624BD02855997839F1E3EFD3CA3D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
63AC2BFEE73E5D90B33DC3E45A866F34.text	63AC2BFEE73E5D90B33DC3E45A866F34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis longipetiolata C. Schweinf., Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 21: 268. 1952.	<div><p>9.  Cranichis longipetiolata C. Schweinf., Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 21: 268. 1952.</p><p>Type.</p><p>PERU. Ferreyra 3120 (lectotype, designated by Garay (1978: 200): AMES!, isolectotype: USM; UGDA-DLSz!-drawing).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants up to 29-37 cm tall. Leaf 1, basal, petiolate; petiole 10.5-14 cm long; blade 8-10 cm long, ca. 5.0 cm wide, oblong-elliptical to ovate, oblique, acute or shortly acuminate, cuneate to subcordate at base. Scape glabrous below,  ﬁnely pubescent or ciliate above, with 3-5, non-foliaceous sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 5-7 cm long, conical, subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers greenish or greenish-white. Floral bracts 4.3 mm long, lanceolate, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary 6.2 mm long, glandular. Dorsal sepal 4.1-5.0 mm long, 1.2-2.1 mm wide, ovate-lanceolate to narrowly elliptical, subacute, concave, 3-veined. Petals 3.3-4.0 mm long, 0.3-0.7 mm wide, obliquely linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, more or less oblique or curved, 1-veined, glabrous. Lateral sepals 4.2 mm long, 1.6-2 mm wide, obliquely elliptical, subacute to obtuse, 2-3-veined, margin very sparsely ciliate. Lip 3.2-3.6 mm long, 1.8-3.0 mm wide, deeply concave, basally gibbose, shortly unguiculate, obovate to suborbicular, apex rounded with a minute apiculus; disc with three transversely anastomosing veins. Gynostemium 1.8-2.0 mm long. Fig. 11.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial in Yungas montane humid, and cloud forest, also in montane Tucumano-Boliviano forest, at altitudes between 2380-3000 m. Flowers in March.</p><p>Representative specimens.</p><p>Bolivia. Santa Cruz: J.M. Caballero, Comunidad Siberia, ca. 1-2 km arriba del pueblo de Siberia, sobre un camino vecinal, entrando hacia el Parque Nacional Amboro. 17°49.36'S, 64°45.14'W, 3001 m. 26 March 2004. M. Mendoza &amp; S. Acebo 912 (LPB!), Vallegrande. Tucumano-Bolivano. 18°34  ’28” S 64°02  ’33” W, 2387 m. Parada et al. 4208 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The lip of the specimen collected by Parada et al. 4208 (LPB) differs somewhat in shape from the typical form of that of  C. longipetiolata, which is obovate rather than suborbicular in outline.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/63AC2BFEE73E5D90B33DC3E45A866F34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
343BE080A8C457F4AA8186CC87F99845.text	343BE080A8C457F4AA8186CC87F99845.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis maldonadoana Kolan., Baranow, S. Nowak & A. Fuentes, sp. nov.	<div><p>10.  Cranichis maldonadoana Kolan., Baranow, S. Nowak &amp; A. Fuentes, sp. nov.</p><p>Type.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Bastian 937 (holotype LPB!; isotype LPB!).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Species similar to  C. pleioneura, but distinguished by 1-veined sepals, lanceolate-ovate petals that are sparsely ciliate in the lower part and by subsessile, suborbicular-obovate lip with apiculate apex.</p><p>Plants 30-40 cm tall, erect. Leaf 1, basal, petiolate; petiole 11-14 cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 7.8-10 cm long, 4.2-6 cm wide, ovate, apex not preserved. Scape enclosed in 4-5 sheaths, glandular towards apex.  Inﬂorescence 6-7 cm long, cylindrical, densely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers greenish-yellow, glabrous. Floral bracts 3.3 mm long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary 4.2 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 3.7 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, oblong-elliptical, obtuse, 1-veined. Petals 3.2 mm long, 1 mm wide, obliquely lanceolate-ovate, obtuse, 1-veined, ciliate on basal 2/3. Lateral sepals 4.2 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, obliquely elliptic-ovate, subacuminate, subobtuse, 1-veined. Lip 2.4 mm long, 2 mm wide, lower part concave, subsessile, suborbicular-obovate, apex apiculate; disc with 3 thickened, dendritic branching veins. Gynostemium 2.3 mm long. Fig. 12.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Dedicated to Carla Maldonado, the director of Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, for her great support during our studies in Bolivia.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial plants growing in Tucumano-Boliviano pine ( Podocarpaceae) forest at an altitude of 2100 m. Flowers in March.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Tarija: Prov. Cercado, cerca Victoria, 2150 m. 3 March 1986. E. Bastian 937 (LPB!). Fig. 2B, 12.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species resembles  C. pleioneura and  C. barkleyi Szlach. &amp; Kolan., from which it differs in its lanceolate-ovate petals (vs. linear-oblanceolate to linear-ligulate), which are rather sparsely ciliate on the lower part (vs. equally ciliate or pilose along whole length). Unlike in  C. pleioneura those of  C. maldonadoana are 1-veined.  Cranichis atrata Schltr. differs from  C. maldonadoana by having ligulate-oblanceolate petals, which are ciliate along both margins (vs. lanceolate-ovate, obtuse, 1-veined, ciliate on the basal 2/3). The comparative morphology of  C. maldonadoana,  C. barkleyi and  C. pleioneura is presented in Table 2.</p><p>Specimen Bastian 937 is heterotypic. Two specimens from this collection, which are currently included in the general collection of LPB, are  C. maldonadoana . Plants deposited in the boxes with the undetermined materials in the same herbarium fit the characteristic of  C. badia Renz ex Kolan. &amp; Szlach.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/343BE080A8C457F4AA8186CC87F99845	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
B1724F72714F593FA8BC1C4BB03DCED4.text	B1724F72714F593FA8BC1C4BB03DCED4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis mandonii Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 10: 38. 1922.	<div><p>11.  Cranichis mandonii Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 10: 38. 1922.</p><p>Type.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Mandon 1163 (lectotype, designated by Szlachetko and Kolanowska (2019: 12): AMES!; isolectotypes, BM, G, GH, NY, P, S).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 40-60 cm tall. Leaves 1-2, basal, petiolate; petiole 13-16 cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 6-8.5 cm long, 3.7-4.4 cm wide, oblong to ovate, slightly oblique, base cordate. Scape delicate, terete, enclosed in 5-6 acuminate sheaths, apically glandular-pilose.  Inﬂorescence 12 cm long, cylindrical, subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers with tepals maroon at base, white at apex. Floral bracts about 5-5.5 mm long, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate. Pedicellate ovary about 5-5.5 mm long, fusiform- cylindrical, sparsely glandular. Sepals sparsely pubescent on the outer surface. Dorsal sepal 4.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, lanceolate-ovate to oblong ovate, subacute to subobtuse, 3-veined. Petals 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, oblong ligulate to oblong oblanceolate, obtuse to rounded at apex, 1-veined, margins minutely ciliate-papillate. Lateral sepals 4.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, elliptical to elliptic-ovate, subacute, 3-veined. Lip 3 mm long and wide, basally gibbose, subsessile, suborbicular-obovate to suborbicular, apically rounded; disc 3-veined, veins somewhat thickened, dendritic branching, without any nodules. Gynostemium 2 mm long. Fig. 13.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial plants growing in Yungas montane cloud forest at altitudes between 2600-3100 m. Flowers in April and May.</p><p>Representative specimens.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Larecaja: Sorata, 2650-3100 m. Apr-May 1860. G. Mandon 1163 (AMES!, BM, G, GH, NY, P, S). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Cranichis mandonii is often considered as conspecific with  C. ciliata (e.g. Schweinfurth 1958), however, the two species differ in the ornamentation on the sepals, which in  C. mandonii is sparsely pubescent and in  C. ciliata glabrous.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B1724F72714F593FA8BC1C4BB03DCED4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
A4B3ABBA23FA59A2ABEB06EED53BC101.text	A4B3ABBA23FA59A2ABEB06EED53BC101.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis multiflora (Poepp. & Endl.) (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn., Fl. Bras. 3 (4): 248. 1895.	<div><p>Cranichis multiflora (Poepp. &amp; Endl.) Cogn., Fl. Bras. 3(4): 248. 1895.</p><p>Type.</p><p>PERU. Poeppig 1724 (?).  Ponthieva multiflora Poepp. &amp; Endl., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 16, t. 123. 1838  .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species was included by  Vásquez et al. (2014) in their list of Bolivian orchids as a species of  Cranichis, however, the original illustration of  Ponthieva multiflora shows that the petal, gynostemium and lip are basally fused, a character not recorded for  Cranichis, but is present in  Ponthieva. Unfortunately, we were not able to find the specimen  Vásquez C. et al. 670 to confirm its generic placement in  Ponthieva .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4B3ABBA23FA59A2ABEB06EED53BC101	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
2CE747C00CCA504CB832E695FD953442.text	2CE747C00CCA504CB832E695FD953442.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis muscosa Sw., Prodr. 120. 1788.	<div><p>12.  Cranichis muscosa Sw., Prodr. 120. 1788.</p><p>Cranichis ovata Wikstr., Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 73. 1920.</p><p>Type.</p><p>JAMAICA. s.n. (lectotype, designated by Garay (1978: 202): BM!; isolectotypes, LD, S!, W!).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants up to 25 cm tall, erect, strict or  ﬂexuose . Leaves 3-5, basal, rosulate, petiolate; petiole 2-3 cm long; blade 2.5-3 cm long, up to two cm wide, ovate, elliptic-ovate to oblong, acute to subobtuse. Scape slender, enclosed in  ﬁve sheaths.  Inﬂorescence up to 7.5 cm long, cylindrical, subdensely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers small, white. Floral bracts four to  ﬁve mm long, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Pedicellate ovary 5-6 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 2.2 mm long, one mm wide, oblong-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, acute, 3-veined. Petals 2 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, linear-ligulate to narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse, subfalcate, margins ciliate, 1-veined. Lateral sepals 3 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, obliquely oblong-ovate to elliptic-ovate, acuminate, acute, obscurely 2-veined. Lip 2.2 mm long, 1.87 mm wide, concave, subsessile, ovate to suborbicular-ovate, shortly apiculate to acute; disc with irregular knob-like projections in the centre. Gynostemium 2 mm long. Fig. 14.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>According to  Vásquez et al. (2014) this species grows as an epiphyte in humid amazon forest at altitudes between 500-1000 m. Flowers in April.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Velasco. Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado. Campamento Las Gamas. Bosque de colina, 900 m. 4 April 1993. T. Killeen et al. 5050 (herb.  Vásquez, MO, USZ-  Vásquez et al. 2014). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This is a widely distributed species. Its geographical range extends from USA (Florida) to Brazil and Bolivia. It is recognized by its foliaceous scape, minutely ciliolate petals and lip with membranous margin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2CE747C00CCA504CB832E695FD953442	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
959D843866805077AD2CD776636C8E5C.text	959D843866805077AD2CD776636C8E5C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis polyantha Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 61. 1920.	<div><p>Cranichis polyantha Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 61. 1920.</p><p>Type.</p><p>COLOMBIA. Madero 22 (B†, lectotype, designated by (Garay 1978: 203): AMES!-drawing).</p><p>Notes.</p><p>We examined Jimenez 5547 et al. (LPB) cited as reference material for this species in Bolivia by  Jiménez-Pérez (2011) and  Vásquez et al. (2014) and in our opinion it is not  C. polyantha (Fig. 18).</p><p>The only information about the original collection of this species is the incomplete illustration deposited in AMES. While Schlechter (1920) did not describe any ornamentation on the petals or lip of  C. polyantha, both Garay (1978) and Bennett and Christenson (1995) identified this species based on its ciliate petals and lip covered with numerous nodules or papillose-verrucose.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/959D843866805077AD2CD776636C8E5C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
E52DCC0C60E8521EBE739DC65050335F.text	E52DCC0C60E8521EBE739DC65050335F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis pulvinifera Garay, Fl. Ecuador 9: 204. 1978.	<div><p>13.  Cranichis pulvinifera Garay, Fl. Ecuador 9: 204. 1978.</p><p>Type.</p><p>COLOMBIA. Bristol 1227 (holotype AMES!).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 42 cm tall. Leaves 5, basal, petiolate; petiole 4-6.5 cm long, narrow; blade 4-6 cm long, 2.2-3 cm wide, ovate to elliptical, acute, with rounded base. Scape erect, slender, ca. 5-sheathed, the lowermost foliaceous.  Inﬂorescence 8 cm long, cylindrical, loosely  many-ﬂowered . Flowers with beige sepals, salmon petals and brown lip, greenish. Floral bracts up to 8 mm long, lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous. Pedicellate ovary 9-11 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 5.1 mm long, 2 mm wide, narrowly elliptical, obtuse, l-veined. Petals 4.5 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, linear-ligulate, rounded, l-veined, glabrous. Lateral sepals 5.3 mm long, 2.2 mm wide, obliquely ovate-elliptical, obtuse, obscurely 3-veined. Lip 4.2 mm long, 4.5 mm wide, navicular or subsaccate, sessile, triangular-obovate, truncately 3-lobed in front with triangular, obtuse middle lobe and ovate, erose lateral lobes; disc with a pair of  inﬂated cushions which are sparsely covered with large papillae. Gynostemium 2 mm long. Fig. 15.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial in humid montane forest. It grows at an altitude of ca. 2400 m. Flowers in April. According to  Vásquez et al. (2014) this species grows in the Yungas ecoregion at altitudes between 2000-3000 m.</p><p>Representative specimen.</p><p>BOLIVIA. La Paz: Prov. Nor Yungas. Parque Nacional Cotapata. Bajada Hornuni. 16°12  ’40” S 67°53  ’26” W, 2420 m. 5 April 2006. M.  López &amp; G. Villegas 74 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is recorded in Colombia, Ecuador and Bolivia. Surprisingly, so far, it has not been reported from Peru.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E52DCC0C60E8521EBE739DC65050335F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
3AF3F9E115FD542FB40D1934B7F73C8E.text	3AF3F9E115FD542FB40D1934B7F73C8E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis silvicola Renz ex Kolan. & Szlach., Nordic J. Bot. 32 (3): 296. 2014.	<div><p>14.  Cranichis silvicola Renz ex Kolan. &amp; Szlach., Nordic J. Bot. 32(3): 296. 2014.</p><p>Type.</p><p>VENEZUELA. Renz 6139 (holotype RENZ!).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 34-40 cm tall. Leaves 1-2, basal, petiolate; petiole 4-12 cm long, narrow, canaliculate; blade 6-22 long, 2.4-6 cm wide, elliptical, shortly acuminate, cuneate at base. Scape enclosed in 4-5 non-foliaceous sheaths, microscopically ciliate on upper half.  Inﬂorescence 5(18) cm long, cylindric-conical, rather laxly  many-ﬂowered . Flowers white with green veins and lip, glabrous. Floral bracts 3.4-5 mm long, lanceolate to ovate lanceolate, acute or acuminate, sparsely glandular to almost glabrous. Pedicellate ovary up to 5.5 mm long, glabrous. Dorsal sepal 3.0-3.5 mm long, 1.5-1.7 mm wide, narrowly elliptic-obovate, obtuse, 3-veined. Petals 3.4-3.5 mm long, 0.8-1.0 mm wide, oblong-ligulate to linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, 1-veined, glabrous. Lateral sepals 3.0-3.5 mm long, 1.5-2.0 mm wide, obliquely oblong-ovate to ovate-elliptical, obtuse, 3-veined (sometimes obscurely 3-veined). Lip about 3.0 mm long, 2.1-2.2 mm wide, cochleate, subsessile, from the cuneate base suborbicular to broadly obovate, subacute at apex; disc with 3 veins, lateral veins branching, middle vein sometimes only extends to the middle part of the lip. Gynostemium 1.8-2 mm long. Fig. 16.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial plants growing in Yungas montane humid forest with  Weinmannia L. ( Cunoniaceae) and  Miconia Ruiz &amp; Pav. ( Melastomataceae), and in cloud forest at an altitude of ca. 3088 m. Also reported from a lower altitude of 2100 m. Flowers in April and December.</p><p>Representative specimens.</p><p>BOLIVIA. La Paz: Prov. B. Saavedra. Area Natural de Manejo Integrado Apolobamba,  Paján, sector Cochapata. 15°07  ’13” S 68°53  ’45” W, 3088 m. 22 April 2010. A. Fuentes &amp; A. Machaca 16283 (LPB!). Tarija: Prov. Cercado. Cerca Victoria, 2180 m. 24 December 1985. E. Bastian 265 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species resembles  C. badia, but differs in having a subsessile, cuneate lip base (unguiculate in  C. badia) and floral bracts equal in length to pedicellate ovary (vs. much shorter). Unlike in the type material the margins of the lip of Bolivian specimens are not undulate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3AF3F9E115FD542FB40D1934B7F73C8E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
DF4509B5E2875F229091E82811E88C35.text	DF4509B5E2875F229091E82811E88C35.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cranichis stictophylla Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 62. 1920.	<div><p>15.  Cranichis stictophylla Schltr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 62. 1920.</p><p>Type.</p><p>COLOMBIA. Madero s.n. (B†).</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Plants 33-36 cm tall. Leaf 1, basal, petiolate; petiole 3-4 cm long; blade 4.5-6.5 cm long, 2-3.5 cm wide, ovate, acuminate, base subrounded-cuneate, white spotted. Scape glandulous-pilose toward the apex, enclosed in 5-6 sheaths.  Inﬂorescence 3-6 cm long, cylindrical, sublaxly to subdensely 15-ﬂowered. Flowers greenish-white, glabrous. Floral bracts 2.1-4 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sparsely glandular. Pedicellate ovary 7-7.5 mm long, densely glandular-ciliate. Dorsal sepal 2.9-3 mm long, 0.8-1.2 mm wide, oblong elliptical, obtuse, 1-veined. Petals 2.9-3 mm long, 0.7-0.8 mm wide, obliquely linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, glabrous, 1-veined. Lateral sepals 3 mm long, 1.2-1.5 mm wide, obliquely elliptic-ovate, slightly concave at base, subacuminate, obtuse, obscurely 2-veined. Lip 2.5 mm long, 2.0-1.9 mm wide, slightly concave, sessile, ovate, rounded or obtuse; disc with 3 or 5 dendritic thick branching veins, with prominent nodules. Gynostemium 1-1.3 mm long. Fig. 17.</p><p>Habitat and ecology.</p><p>Terrestrial in Tucumano-Boliviano cloud forest and disturbed forest with  Prumnopitys Phil. ( Podocarpaceae),  Myrtaceae,  Dicksonia L’Hér . ( Dicksoniaceae, and  Cyathea Kaulf. ( Cyatheaceae) at altitudes between 2100-2200 m. Flowers in June.</p><p>Representative specimens.</p><p>BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Prov. Florida, 7 km NE of Mairana. Southern limit of expanded Parque Nacional  Amboró, entering from Mairana, 2200 m. 2 June 1991. M. Nee 40653 (LPB!), Prov. Vallegrande, 5 km de Loma Larga a Vallegrande. 7 June 1996. M. Kessler et al. 6352 (LPB!). Fig. 2.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>This species is often considered as conspecific with  C. diphylla (e.g. Garay 1978) from which it differs, e.g., in having a 1-veined dorsal sepal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF4509B5E2875F229091E82811E88C35	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kolanowska, Marta;Baranow, Przemyslaw;Nowak, Slawomir;Fuentes, Alfredo	Kolanowska, Marta, Baranow, Przemyslaw, Nowak, Slawomir, Fuentes, Alfredo (2021): Materials to the revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae) in Bolivia. PhytoKeys 186: 11-41, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71499
