identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B15113588F145F20FF06FCF8FD9FF8B7.text	B15113588F145F20FF06FCF8FD9FF8B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apechthis Forster 1869	<div><p>Genus Apechthis Förster, 1869</p> <p>Apechthis Förster 1869: 164. Type species: Pimpla rubata (sic!) Gravenhorst (= Ichneumon rufatus Gmelin, 1790), by subsequent designation (Ashmead 1900: 57).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F145F20FF06FCF8FD9FF8B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F145F20FF06FE0FFBE1F98A.text	B15113588F145F20FF06FE0FFBE1F98A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla	<div><p>Pimpla genus-group</p> <p>The genera of this group are characterized by the possession of a nearly straight mesopleural suture (Figs 9, 13, 33) and a reduction of the membranous vesicles on the tarsal claws (Gauld 1991: 477). Occurring in Mexico genera Apechthis, Itoplectis and Pimpla have fore wing with enclosed areolet (Fig. 46) and hind wing with nervellus (cu1&amp;cu-a) intercepted far above middle (Fig. 36). The genera Apechthis and Itoplectis possess inner margin of the eye strongly concave opposite antennal insertion (Figs 2, 12) and tarsal claws of female with acute basal lobe, while the genus Pimpla has inner margin of the eye weakly concave (Fig. 26) and tarsal claws simple, without a basal lobe. Females of Apechthis have a remarkable strongly decurved apically ovipositor (Fig. 4).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F145F20FF06FE0FFBE1F98A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C.text	B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Apechthis zapoteca (Cresson 1874)	<div><p>1. Apechthis zapoteca (Cresson, 1874)</p> <p>(Figs 1–4)</p> <p>Pimpla zapoteca Cresson 1874: 402 [♀ ♂ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba].</p> <p>References. Cameron 1886: 268 [Pimpla; Mexico (Veracruz)]. Cresson 1916: 63 [lectotype ♀ (ANSP) designated; Mexico, Veracruz]. Costa-Lima 1951: 373 [A. sarsinae; Brazil; host]. Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 23 [catalogue; Ephialtes zapotecus zapotecus (as subspecies); Mexico]. Gauld 1991: 479 [Apechthis (comb.); description; Costa Rica]. Gauld et al. 1998: 135 [in key; Costa Rica, Guatemala; host]. Hernández-Aguilar et al. 1999: 36 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Gauld et al. 2002: 56 [El Salvador]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Hernández- Aguilar et al. 2005: 470 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Quicke et al. 2009: 1414 [Mexico]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2010: 63 [checklist; Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Sánchez-García et al. 2015: 827 [checklist; Mexico (Oaxaca)]. Khalaim et al. 2018: 20 [Mexico (Veracruz)].</p> <p>Remarks. More extensively dark marked specimens from South America have been treated by Townes &amp; Townes (1966) as a separate subspecies, A. zapoteca sarsinae Costa-Lima, 1951 (Gauld 1991: 479).</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Nuevo León: 1 ♀ (UAT) 30 km SE of Monterrey, Santiago, La Cieneguilla, 8.xi.1987, coll. E. Ruíz C. Tamaulipas: SSW of Cd. Victoria, Rancho <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-99.21243&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.6227" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -99.21243/lat 23.6227)">Santa Elena</a>, 23º37.362’N, 99º12.746’W, 970 m, Malaise trap, 2010, coll. E. Ruíz C. &amp; J.M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 19–26.iii (2 ♀), 28.x–5.xi (1 ♀), 16–31.xii (2 ♀). 2 ♀ (UAT) Cd. Victoria, Cañón del Novillo, 780–900 m, 12.i and 3.ii.1988, coll. R. Meza V. 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) 15 km SSW of Cd. Victoria, El Madroño, 16–18.xii.2008, coll. A.I. Khalaim. Same locality, coll. E. &amp; J. Ruíz C. (all in UAT): 16.vi.1984 (1 ♀), 29.i.1985 (1 ♀), 23.iii.1985 (1 ♂), 28.iv.1985 (1 ♀), 10.vii.1985 (1 ♂), 16.xi.1985 (1 ♀). 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 10.vii.1986, coll. S. Arrambide. 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 1400 m, 20.i.2000, coll. J.A. Martinez R. 2 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 1450 m, oak forest, Malaise trap, 17.xi–1.xii.2011, coll. A. Rodríguez M. &amp; S. Mireles C. 3 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Altas Cimas, Malaise trap, 17.vii–28.viii.1999, coll. S. Hernández A. 1 ♀ (UAT) Ocampo, 13.v.1995, coll. S. Niño M. 1 ♀ (UAT) Ocampo, Ejido El Bejuco, 900 m, Malaise trap, 28.iii–13.iv.2016, coll. E. Ruíz-Cancino et al. Tula, Ejido Acahuales, 1400 m, oak-forest, Malaise trap, coll. E. Ruíz C. &amp; J.M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 27.v–11.vi.2016 (1 ♂), 19.ii–1.iii.2017 (1 ♀). 1 ♀ (UAT) 44 km S of Cd. Victoria, matorral, Malaise trap, 18–25.xi.2000, coll. D.R. Kasparyan. Veracruz: 1 ♀ (UAT) SW of Xalapa, park near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.93915&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.5128" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.93915/lat 19.5128)">Institute de Ecología</a>, 19°30.768’N, 96°56.349’W, 1260 m, 17–18.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 2 ♀, 1 ♂ (1 ♀ in UAT, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 12–14.iv.2014. 1 ♂ (UAT) Xalapa, 26.x.1995, coll. M. Molina. 1 ♂ (UAT) Tuxpan, Chacoaco, 9.xi.1995, coll. R. Herrera. Michoacán: 2 ♀, 2 ♂ (UMSNH) Morelia, Cerro Punhuato, Tejocotera, 19°41’871”N, 101°08’313”W, 2130 m, Area de Eucaliptos, Yellow pan traps, 15.x.2010, coll. Ana L. Escalante &amp; Jiménez. Oaxaca: 1 ♀ (UNAM) Santiago Comaltepec, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.3695&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.02661" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.3695/lat 17.02661)">La Esperanza</a>, 17.02661ºN, 96.36950ºW, 1600 m, Malaise trap, 1–10.vii.2008, coll. A. Lopez García. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (EMEC) 5 km SE of Jitotol, 1671 m, 10.ix.1981, coll. D.E &amp; P.M. Breedlove. 1 ♀ (ZISP) 50 km ESE of Comitán, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.705154&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.10655" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.705154/lat 16.10655)">National Park Lagos de Montebello</a>, 16.106551, -91.705158, 1500 m, 8.viii.2021, coll. A.I. Khalaim. GUATEMALA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Zacapa Department, 8 km N of San Lorenzo, 7–19.vii.1986, coll. J.M. Campbell. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Guatemala Department, Fraijanes, Finca San Antonio, 1800 m, vi.1987, coll. Mauger. 1 ♂ (AEIC) Quetzaltenango Department, Zunil, 2200 m, 7.ix.1987, coll. M.J. Sharkey. COSTA RICA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Chirripó National Park, San Gerardo, 1400 m, 1.ix.1986, coll. L. Masner. VENEZUELA. 15 ♀, 1 ♂ (AEIC) Yacambú, 1200 m, 7–13.v.1981, coll. H.K. Townes.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Chiapas), Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Brazil. First record from Venezuela.</p> <p>Biology. Apechthis zapoteca resembles a common vespid, Agelaia (= Stelopolybia) sp. near multipicta (Haliday) (Vespidae), of which it is probably a Müllerian mimic (Gauld 1991). Recorded as parasitoid of Leptophobia aripa (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in Guatemala (Gauld et al. 1998). Parasitoid of Sarsina violascens (Herrich- Schäffer) (Lymantriidae) in Brazil (Costa-Lima 1951; Townes &amp; Townes 1966).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F125F26FF06FC16FDF9FF68.text	B15113588F125F26FF06FC16FDF9FF68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis Forster 1869	<div><p>Genus Itoplectis Förster, 1869</p> <p>Itoplectis Förster 1869: 164. Type species: Ichneumon scanicus Villers, 1789 (= Ichneumon maculator Fabricius, 1775), by subsequent designation (Viereck 1914: 79).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F125F26FF06FC16FDF9FF68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F135F27FF06FF25FA1BF802.text	B15113588F135F27FF06FF25FA1BF802.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis	<div><p>Key to species of Itoplectis occurring in Mexico</p> <p>1. Submetapleural carina distinct (Figs 6, 9). Mesosoma black except white upper posterior corner of pronotum (Figs 5, 7).... 2</p> <p>- Submetapleural carina absent (Fig. 13). Mesosoma sometimes partly red or pale brownish yellow (Fig. 13).............. 3</p> <p>2. Hind tibia broadly black at base and apex, with submedian about 0.4 white (Fig. 5). Metasomal tergites with narrow but distinct white band on hind margin dorsally (Fig. 5). Ovipositor sheath almost twice as long as first tergite, or about as long as hind tibia (Fig. 5)............................................................................ 1. I. conquisitor (Say)</p> <p>- Hind tibia predominantly white with fuscous markings at base and apex (Fig. 8). Metasomal tergites with very thin pale band on hind margins (Fig. 10). Ovipositor sheath 1.1–1.3× as long as first tergite, or 0.65–0.85× as long as hind tibia (Fig. 7)............................................................................. 3. I. mexicana Kasparyan &amp; Niño</p> <p>3. Body almost entirely black with only upper posterior corner of pronotum, tegula, upper part of mesepimeron and apex of postscutellum white. [Male with tarsal claws of fore leg with basal tooth (Fig. 20).]........... 5. I. nigrithorax Kasparyan</p> <p>- Mesosoma partly red or pale brownish yellow.............................................................. 4</p> <p>4. Mesosoma pale brownish yellow (Fig. 19). Tergites 1 and 2 predominantly black with yellow markings, following tergites reddish brown with whitish yellow markings (Fig. 19)................................... 4. I. multicolor Kasparyan</p> <p>- Mesosoma with extensive red markings on mesoscutum, scutellum and mesopleuron (Fig. 13). Metasomal tergites black with white hind margins (Fig. 11)............................................................................ 5</p> <p>5. Mesopleuron red with black mesepimeron (Fig. 16). Tergites 2 and 3 almost impunctate on median elevation. Laterotergites 2–6 with fuscous marks................................................................ 2. I. gonzalezi Kasparyan</p> <p>- esopleuron red with extensive black markings, mesepimeron pale at least in upper part (Fig. 13). Tergites 2 and 3 with moderately dense distinct punctures on median elevation (Fig. 14). Laterotergites 2–6 white (Fig. 15)....... 6. I. specularis Kasparyan</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F135F27FF06FF25FA1BF802	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F135F27FF06FC0AFACDFF46.text	B15113588F135F27FF06FC0AFACDFF46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis conquisitor (Say 1835)	<div><p>1. Itoplectis conquisitor (Say, 1835)</p> <p>(Figs 5, 6)</p> <p>Cryptus conquisitor Say 1835: 232 [holotype ♀ (USNM), USA, Indiana (destroyed, see Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 22)].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F135F27FF06FC0AFACDFF46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F24FF06FA36FDBEFDCD.text	B15113588F105F24FF06FA36FDBEFDCD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis gonzalezi Kasparyan 2007	<div><p>2. Itoplectis gonzalezi Kasparyan, 2007</p> <p>(Figs 16, 17)</p> <p>Itoplectis gonzalezi Kasparyan 2007: 110 [holotype ♀ (TAMU), Mexico, Chiapas, San Cristóbal, Reserva Cerro El Huitepec, 16°46’06”N, 92°41’04”W, 7900 ft. (= 2410 m), Malaise trap, 2–14.viii.1997, coll. A. González H., CIB 97–072; ♀ ♂].</p> <p>Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis gonzalezi differs from other species with pale mesothorax by its entirely black mesepimeron (Fig. 16) and almost impunctate tergites 1–3 (tergite 3 sometimes sparsely punctate).</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F105F24FF06FA36FDBEFDCD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.text	B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis mexicana Kasparyan & Nino 2004	<div><p>3. Itoplectis mexicana Kasparyan &amp; Niño, 2004</p> <p>(Figs 7–10, 18)</p> <p>Itoplectis mexicanus Kasparyan &amp; Niño 2004: 49 [holotype ♀ (UAT), Mexico, Tamaulipas, Municipio Hidalgo, El Chorrito, ex pupa of Coptocycla texana living on Ehretia anacua, 13.x.1996, coll. T. Ornelas &amp; S. Niño].</p> <p>Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis mexicana may easily be distinguished from all congeners by the colour pattern of hind leg (Fig. 8) and a short ovipositor sheath which is 1.1–1.3× as long as first tergite or 0.65–0.85× as long as hind tibia (Fig. 7). Similar short ovipositor is also known in two Holarctic species, I. curticauda (Kriechbaumer) and I. clavicornis (Thomson), and in the Nearctic I. fustiger Townes. In addition to the colour pattern of hind tibia, I. mexicana differs from I. curticauda by having a distinct median tooth on tarsal claws of fore leg (Fig. 18), and from I. clavicornis and I. fustiger by more slender antenna with subapical flagellomeres distinctly elongate, 1.4–1.5× as long as broad (subquadrate in I. clavicornis and I. fustiger).</p> <p>Remarks. Male of this species is recorded here for the first time.</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Jalisco: 24 ♀ (2 ♀ in AEIC, 2 ♀ in NHMUK, 2 ♀ in TAMU, 2 ♀ in UNAM, 9 ♀ in ZISP) 10 km S of Tequila, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-103.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.79" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -103.85/lat 20.79)">Volcán de Tequila</a>, 20°47.4’N, 103°51.0’W, 2750–2850 m, 7.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim. Querétaro: 1 ♀ (UAQ) Municipio Colón, 6 km NE of Los Trigos, Cerro El Zamorano Mt., 24.ii.1997, coll. M. Gálvez et al. Morelos: 1 ♀ (UAT), 1 ♂ (CIUM) N of Cuernavaca, Chamilpa, 1850 m, 6.ix.1988, coll. P. Galindo. 2 ♀, 5 ♂ (1 ♀ and 2 ♂ in CIUM, 1 ♀ and 3 ♂ in UAT) same locality, 7.viii.1991, coll. G. Peña. 1 ♀ (CIUM) Parque Nacional El Tepozteco, Tepoztlán, 21.x.1990, coll. G. Peña.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Jalisco, Querétaro, Morelos).</p> <p>Biology. The holotype was reared from pupa of Coptocycla texana (Schaeffer) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Ehretia anacua (Teran &amp; Berland) (Boraginaceae) in Tamaulipas (Kasparyan &amp; Niño 2004).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1F5F2BFF06F9D7FDBEFCE7.text	B15113588F1F5F2BFF06F9D7FDBEFCE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis multicolor Kasparyan 2007	<div><p>4. Itoplectis multicolor Kasparyan, 2007</p> <p>(Fig. 19)</p> <p>Itoplectis multicolor Kasparyan 2007: 112 [holotype ♀ (TAMU), Mexico, Chiapas, San Cristóbal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.68445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.768333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.68445/lat 16.768333)">Reserva Cerro El Huitepec</a>, 16°46’06”N, 92°41’04”W, 7900 ft. (= 2410 m), Malaise trap, 2–14.viii.1997, coll. A. González H., CIB 97–072; ♀].</p> <p>Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis multicolor may easily be distinguished from other species of Itoplectis occurring in Mexico by its brownish yellow mesosoma (Fig. 19).</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F1F5F2BFF06F9D7FDBEFCE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FF25FDBEFA94.text	B15113588F1C5F28FF06FF25FDBEFA94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis nigrithorax Kasparyan 2007	<div><p>5. Itoplectis nigrithorax Kasparyan, 2007</p> <p>(Fig. 20)</p> <p>Itoplectis nigrithorax Kasparyan 2007: 112 [holotype ♂ (TAMU), Mexico, Chiapas, San Cristóbal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.68445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.768333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.68445/lat 16.768333)">Reserva Cerro El Huitepec</a>, 16°46’06”N, 92°41’04”W, 7900 ft. (= 2410 m), Malaise trap, 2–14.viii.1997, coll. A. González H., CIB 97–072; ♂].</p> <p>Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis nigrithorax differs from its Neotropical congeners by the combination of completely black mesosoma, lack of submetapleural carina, and tarsal claws of fore leg with distinct basal tooth (Fig. 20).</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F1C5F28FF06FF25FDBEFA94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FD85FB0CFE60.text	B15113588F1C5F28FF06FD85FB0CFE60.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Itoplectis specularis Kasparyan 2007	<div><p>6. Itoplectis specularis Kasparyan, 2007</p> <p>(Figs 11–15)</p> <p>Itoplectis specularis Kasparyan 2007: 113 [holotype ♀ (TAMU), Mexico, Chiapas, 4 km W of San Cristóbal, San Felipe, 2200 m, oak-grass woodland, 24–28.viii.1990, coll. R.W. Jones; ♀ ♂, Mexico (Michoacán, Oaxaca)].</p> <p>References. Sánchez-García et al. 2015: 827 [checklist; Mexico (Oaxaca)].</p> <p>Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis specularis is similar to I. gonzalezi as both have predominantly red mesosoma and entirely black propodeum, but differs from this species by its black speculum, mesepimeron whitish at least in upper part (Fig. 13), lateral parts of tergites 5 (or 6) to 8 in female reddish brown (Fig. 15), hind leg with trochanter posteriorly blackish and tibia pale, and punctures on tergites 2 and 3 denser (Fig. 14).</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (ZISP) 8 km NNE of Miquihuana, 2200–2300 m, 5.xi.2013, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 1 ♀ (UAT) Miquihuana [Municipio], La Marcela, 2500 m, forest Pinus + Quercus, Malaise trap, 2.x–2.xi.2012, coll. E. Ruíz C. &amp; J. Treviño C. Hidalgo: 7 ♀ (3 ♀ in UAT, 2 ♀ in UNAM, 2 ♀ in ZISP) 8 km N of Pachuca de Soto, National Park El Chico, 20°11.4’N, 98°44.55’W, 2800–2900 m, 18–22.xii.2014, coll.A.I. Khalaim. Tlaxcala: 2 ♀ (UNAM) Nanacamilpa, Ejido Los Búfalos, 19°28’N, 98°35’W, bosque Pino-Encino, 2830–2900 m, Malaise trap, 4.iv–2.vi.2016, coll. Y. Márquez &amp; A. Contreras. Oaxaca: 1 ♀ (UAT) Reserva El Triunfo, camino al Cipresal y Deslave, Malaise trap, 19.vii.1997, coll. A. González H. 1 ♀ (TAMU) 3.2 mi. SW of La Cumbre, 18.vii.1985, coll. J. Woolley &amp; G. Zolnerowich. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 4 km W of San Cristóbal [de las Casas], Reserva Huitepec, 7800 ft. (= 2380 m), cloud forest, Malaise trap, “XI-25-X-5”.1990, coll. R.W. Jones.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Michoacán, Hidalgo, Tlaxcala, Oaxaca, Chiapas).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F1C5F28FF06FD85FB0CFE60	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FAD1FEEFFE8F.text	B15113588F1C5F28FF06FAD1FEEFFE8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla Fabricius 1804	<div><p>Genus Pimpla Fabricius, 1804</p> <p>Pimpla Fabricius 1804: 112. Type species: Ichneumon instigator Fabricius, 1973 (= Ichneumon rufipes Miller, 1759), by subsequent designation (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1945: 282, Opinion 159; see also Pádua et al. 2020: 35).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F1C5F28FF06FAD1FEEFFE8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1D5F2FFF06FB35FA1AF867.text	B15113588F1D5F2FFF06FB35FA1AF867.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla	<div><p>Key to species of Pimpla occurring in Mexico</p> <p>1. Mesosoma and metasoma with a metallic blue or blueish green sheen (Figs 24, 50)................................. 2</p> <p>- Mesosoma and metasoma without metallic sheen............................................................ 3</p> <p>2. Apex of clypeus very weakly concave (Fig. 26). Tergite 2 of female finely coriaceous, matt, with only few indistinct punctures (Fig. 27); tergite 2 of male from coriaceous to (in small specimens) polished with isolated punctures. Metallic blue species (Fig. 24). Female with wings blackish (Fig. 24). Male with fore coxa white marked anteriorly (Fig. 25)... 3. P. caeruleata Cresson</p> <p>- Apex of clypeus bilobed (Fig. 51). Tergite 2 of metasoma in both sexes smooth and shining, with distinct punctures (Fig. 53). Metallic blueish green species (Fig. 50). Female with wings yellowish (Fig. 50). Male with fore coxa entirely metallic blue, without pale markings (Fig. 52)....................................................... 18. P. viridescens Morley</p> <p>3. Head and mesosoma predominantly yellow or orange, often with black marks (Figs 23, 44). Fore wing sometimes with conspicuous apical black spot (Fig. 46).................................................................... 4</p> <p>- Head and mesosoma predominantly black, sometimes with scattered yellow marks. Fore wing hyaline, uniformly infumate or with anterior 0.3 yellowish............................................................................. 7</p> <p>4. Malar space 0.9–1.0× as long as basal mandibular width (Fig. 54). Fore wing without apical black spot (Fig. 23). Ovipositor very slender, its sheath about half as long as hind tibia (Fig. 23). Metasomal tergites predominantly black with posterior 0.3–0.4 yellow (Fig. 55).................................................................... 19. P. xalapana sp. nov.</p> <p>- Malar space 0.3–0.4× as long as basal mandibular width. Fore wing with apical black spot (Fig. 46). Ovipositor robust, its sheath 0.8–1.0× as long as hind tibia. Metasomal tergites predominantly yellow with black markings (Fig. 47)........... 5</p> <p>5. Mesoscutum unicolorously yellowish orange. Metasoma predominantly orange, at most with only extreme anterior margins of tergites 1–4 narrowly blackish. [Fore wing with a large black subapical spot, but posterior and distal margins of the wing hyaline. Apex of upper valve of ovipositor with vestigial wavy dorsal margin, rather abruptly rounded at apex.]................................................................................................ 2. P. azteca Cresson</p> <p>- Mesoscutum yellow with three black or brown longitudinal stripes (Fig. 45). Metasoma bright yellow and black (Fig. 47).. 6</p> <p>6. Tergites 2–3 of metasoma centrally quite finely and closely punctate; punctures separated from each other by about their own diameter (Fig. 48). Female with tergites 6–7 extensively black marked to entirely black (Fig. 47). Apex of ovipositor slightly depressed (Fig. 49)............................................................... 16. P. sumichrasti Cresson</p> <p>- Tergites 2–3 of metasoma centrally smooth and polished, virtually impunctate. Female with tergites 6–7 yellow, only narrowly black anteriorly. Apex of ovipositor slightly compressed...................................... 12. P. perssoni Gauld</p> <p>7. First tergite of metasoma unusually slender, that of female more than 1.6×, of male twice or more as long as posteriorly broad (Fig. 36). Mesoscutum closely granulate (Fig. 37). Entire anterior margin of fore wing strongly infumate with yellow................................................................................. 9. P. ichneumoniformis Cresson</p> <p>- First tergite of metasoma short and stout, at most slightly elongate. Mesoscutum more or less punctate. Fore wing hyaline or uniformly infumate.................................................................................... 8</p> <p>8. Tergites 2–7 of metasoma black, but each with a narrow white or yellow band across the posterior margin. [Laterotergites 2–5 narrow and inconspicuous, less than 0.25× as broad as long.]................................................... 9</p> <p>- Tergites 2–7 of metasoma black, brown or red, without white posterior band..................................... 10</p> <p>9. Malar space 0.6× as long as basal mandibular width. First metasomal tergite as long as posteriorly broad. Scape of antenna, metapleuron, propodeum, mid and hind coxae and trochanters entirely black (Fig. 21). Mesopleuron black with short whitish stripe on subtegular prominence...................................................... 11. P. oaxacana sp. nov.</p> <p>- Malar space 0.7–0.8× as long as basal mandibular width. First metasomal tergite 1.3× as long as posteriorly broad. Scape of antenna, mesopleuron, metapleuron, propodeum, mid and hind coxae and trochanters extensively white, yellow or red marked............................................................................ 1. P. albomarginata Cameron</p> <p>10. Metasoma red or reddish brown (Figs 22, 30, 32)........................................................... 11</p> <p>- Metasoma uniformly black (Figs 29, 38, 40)............................................................... 16</p> <p>11. Fore and mid coxae yellow or reddish brown.............................................................. 12</p> <p>- Fore and mid coxae black.............................................................................. 13</p> <p>12. Laterotergites 2–5 narrow and inconspicuous, less than 0.2× as broad as long. Mesosoma black with yellow markings on subtegular prominence, scutellum and postscutellum (Figs 30, 31); tegula yellow or yellow marked. Mesopleuron and lower part of metapleuron polished (Fig. 30). Malar space 0.5–0.7× as long as basal mandibular width..................................................................................................... 6. P. croceiventris (Cresson)</p> <p>- Laterotergites 2–5 large, more than 0.7× as broad as long. Mesosoma immaculately black; tegula reddish brown. Mesopleuron and metapleuron coarsely punctate (punctures mostly adjacent to each other) to punctate-reticulate. Malar space in female as long as basal mandibular width....................................................... 7. P. dimidiata (Townes)</p> <p>13. Hind coxa and femur red; trochanters, tibia and tarsus black. Fore and mid femora and tibiae blackish, externally extensively white marked. Scutellum and postscutellum black with extreme posterior margin yellowish....... 15. P. segnestami Gauld</p> <p>- Hind coxa black, the rest reddish brown or black. Fore and mid femora and tibiae reddish brown to black, externally not or less extensively white marked. Scutellum and postscutellum entirely black.......................................... 14</p> <p>14. Basal trochanter of fore leg black dorsally and white ventrally. Mid femur entirely reddish brown. Malar space 0.3–0.5× as long as basal mandibular width. Fore wing with vein 1cu-a (nervulus) antefurcal. Tergites 2–5 of metasoma with coarse longitudinally punctate reticulate sculpture (punctures distinctly elongated). Mesopleuron and metapleuron with dense punctures, without striae.............................................................................. 17. P. tequila sp. nov.</p> <p>- Basal trochanter of fore leg without white markings, more or less entirely black, sometimes yellowish dorsally. Mid femur more or less infuscate, sometimes partly or entirely blackish. Malar space at least 0.6× as long as basal mandibular width in female and 0.5× in male. Fore wing with vein 1cu-a (nervulus) interstitial or postfurcal. Tergites 2–5 of metasoma with dense or sparce round punctures (Fig. 34). Mesopleuron and metapleuron usually partly or entirely striate........................... 15</p> <p>15. Hind tibia reddish brown, slightly infuscate at base and extreme apex (Fig. 32). Female: Tergite 2 densely punctate, distance between punctures centrally much shorter than one diameter of puncture (Fig. 34). Metapleuron strongly diagonally striate (Fig. 33). Mesopleuron distinctly and densely punctate (centrally distance between punctures mostly equal to or shorter than one diameter of puncture), distinctly and broadly striate posteriorly (Fig. 33). Hind coxa transversely striate. Malar space 0.8–0.9× as long as basal mandibular width..................................................... 8. P. ellopiae Harrington</p> <p>- Hind tibia blackish, centrally sometimes reddish black (Fig. 35). Female: Tergite 2 polished with scattered punctures centrally. Metapleuron smooth or indistinctly punctate, sometimes finely striate. Mesopleuron finely, sometimes indistinctly punctate (distance between punctures mostly greater than diameter of puncture), with fine striae in lower posterior corner. Hind coxa smooth or finely punctate, usually without distinct striae. Malar space 0.6–0.8× as long as basal mandibular width...................................................................................... 8. P. ellopiae Harrington, var.</p> <p>16. Hind coxa black. Metasoma with laterotergites 4 and 5 very narrow, less than 0.3× as broad as long. Malar space 0.8× or less as long as basal mandibular width in female and 0.6× or shorter in male........................................ 17</p> <p>- Hind coxa reddish brown (Figs 38, 40). Metasoma with laterotergites 4 and 5 broad and conspicuous, more than 0.5× as broad as long (Figs 42, 43). Malar space at least as long as basal mandibular width in female and 0.7× or longer in male....... 20</p> <p>17. Hind leg black (Fig. 28). Fore wing with vein 1cu-a (nervulus) distinctly postfurcal................ 4. P. chamela sp. nov. - Hind leg predominantly white or reddish brown. Fore wing with vein 1cu-a (nervulus) more or less interstitial.......... 18</p> <p>18. Hind tibia black with whitish median band. Second tergite distinctly and densely punctate, distance between puncture shorter than diameter of puncture. Legs white, reddish brown and black..................................... 20. Pimpla sp.</p> <p>- Hind tibia entirely yellow (Fig. 29). Second tergite with shallow and sparse punctures, distance between puncture much greater than diameter of puncture. Legs bright yellow with hind coxa black and distal tarsomeres fuscous; females often with fore and mid coxae partly or entirely black (Fig. 29)............................................................... 19</p> <p>19. Female with subalar prominence and fore coxa yellow. Second tergite closely punctate; male with transverse groove situated at or behind posterior 0.65, curved. (Veijalainen et al. 2011: Figs 1, 6A, 6C)........................ 5. P. croceipes Cresson</p> <p>- Female with subalar prominence black, fore coxa black or black and yellow. Second tergite sparsely punctate; male with transverse groove situated at posterior 0.55, almost straight. (Veijalainen et al. 2011: Figs 2, 6B, 6D).... 10. P. molesta Smith</p> <p>20. Metasoma with second laterotergite about 0.5× as broad as long (Fig. 42). Posteroventral part of mesopleuron smooth or punctate, metapleuron smooth or partly weakly striate. Male with hind tibia black with white median band (Fig. 39)........................................................................................ 13. P. punicipes Cresson</p> <p>- Metasoma with second laterotergite about 0.2× as broad as long (Fig. 43). Female with posteroventral part of mesopleuron striate, metapleuron coarsely striate. Male with hind tibia reddish brown (Fig. 41).............. 14. P. sanguinipes Cresson</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F1D5F2FFF06FB35FA1AF867	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1B5F2FFF06FCD3FBB4FFE4.text	B15113588F1B5F2FFF06FCD3FBB4FFE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla albomarginata Cameron 1886	<div><p>1. Pimpla albomarginata Cameron, 1886</p> <p>Pimpla albo-marginata Cameron 1886: 267 [holotype ♀ (NHMUK), Mexico].</p> <p>References. Townes 1939 [Venezuela]. Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 24 [Coccygomimus; catalogue; Mexico]. Gauld 1991: 513 [description; Costa Rica, Panama]. Gauld et al. 1998: 139 [in key; Costa Rica]. Díaz 2000: 247 [Venezuela]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Gauld et al. 2002: 60 [El Salvador]. Sánchez-García et al. 2015: 828 [checklist; Mexico (Oaxaca)]. Pádua et al. 2020: 27 [diagnosis; Uruguay].</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Uruguay.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F1B5F2FFF06FCD3FBB4FFE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1B5F2FFF06FB5AFC14FE36.text	B15113588F1B5F2FFF06FB5AFC14FE36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla azteca Cresson 1874	<div><p>2. Pimpla azteca Cresson, 1874</p> <p>Pimpla azteca Cresson 1874: 401 [♀ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F1B5F2FFF06FB5AFC14FE36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F2DFF06FF25FC27F995.text	B15113588F195F2DFF06FF25FC27F995.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla caerulea Brulle 1846	<div><p>Pimpla caerulea Brullé, 1846</p> <p>Pimpla caerulea Brullé 1846: 101 [holotype ♀ (MNHN), Brazil, “prov. de Rio-Grande ”].</p> <p>References. Morley 1914: 70 [Mexico (Veracruz), Guatemala, Ecuador, Paraguay, Brazil]. Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 24 [Coccygomimus caeruleus caeruleus; catalogue;? Mexico]. Porter 1970a: 54 [Coccygomimus caeruleus; description; distribution in South America; host]. Ruíz-Cancino &amp; Tejada 1986: 39 [Coccygomimus caeruleus; Mexico (Nuevo León)]. Gauld 1991: 522 [notes on distribution: South America]. Díaz 2000: 248 [Venezuela]. Kumagai &amp; Graf 2000: 162 [Brazil (Paraná)]. Kumagai &amp; Graf 2002: 450 [Brazil (Paraná)]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Sánchez-García et al. 2015: 828 [checklist; Mexico (Oaxaca)]. Pádua et al. 2020: 29 [diagnosis; Uruguay].</p> <p>Remarks. This is a South American species probably extending to Panama. Records of this species from Mexico (Ruíz-Cancino &amp; Tejada 1986; Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002; Sánchez-García et al. 2015) actually belong to P. caeruleata.</p> <p>Distribution. South America.</p> <p>Biology. Parasitoid of the moth Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), pest of cotton, at Tucumán, Argentina (Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 24; Porter 1970a: 62).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F195F2DFF06FF25FC27F995	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F32FF06FC8AFC01F9F7.text	B15113588F195F32FF06FC8AFC01F9F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla caeruleata Cresson 1874	<div><p>3. Pimpla caeruleata Cresson, 1874</p> <p>(Figs 24–27)</p> <p>Pimpla caeruleata Cresson 1874: 397 [♀ ♂ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Córdoba].</p> <p>References. Cameron 1886: 266 [Mexico (Veracruz)]. Cresson 1916: 21 [lectotype ♀ (ANSP) designated; Mexico, Veracruz]. Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 24 [Coccygomimus; catalogue; Mexico]. Maes 1989: 33 [catalogue; Nicaragua]. Gauld 1991: 520 [description; Mexico (Veracruz), Nicaragua, Costa Rica]. Gauld et al. 1998: 138 [in key; Costa Rica]. Hernández-Aguilar et al. 1999: 36 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Gauld et al. 2002: 58 [El Salvador]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Hernández-Aguilar et al. 2005: 470 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2010: 66 [checklist; Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Khalaim et al. 2018: 23 [Mexico (Veracruz)].</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Nuevo León: 1 ♂ (UAT) Chipinque, 8.ix.1981, coll. E. Ruíz C. 1 ♀ (UAT) Chipinque, Garza García, 22.vii.1985, coll. S. Arrambide. 1 ♀ (UAT) Monterrey, 13.xi.1987, coll. E. Ruíz C. 3 ♀, 2 ♂ (UAT) 30 km SE Monterrey, Santiago, La Cieneguilla, 10–11.iv.2009, coll. E. Ruíz C. 1 ♀ (UAT) Raíces, Allende, 24.iii.1987, coll. M.R. Cantú. Tamaulipas: SSW of Cd. Victoria, Rancho <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-99.21243&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.6227" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -99.21243/lat 23.6227)">Santa Elena</a>, 23º37.362’N, 99º12.746’W, 970 m, Malaise trap, 2010, coll. E. Ruíz C. &amp; J.M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 19–26.iii (1 ♂), 6–23.iv (1 ♀, 1 ♂), 8–21.v (2 ♂), 12–21.vi (1 ♂). 1 ♂ (UAT) Cd. Victoria, 26.ii.1989, coll. R. Thompson F., 1 ♂. Cd. Victoria, Cañón del Novillo, 850–900 m, 27.iii.1988, coll. J. de León. 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 3.v.1985, coll. A. del Valle. NW of Cd. Victoria, Los Troncones (park), coll. A.I. Khalaim (all in UAT): 27.ii.2009 (1 ♂), 22.xii.2009 (1 ♀, 2 ♂). 2 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 26.x and 20.xii.2007, coll. E. Ruíz C. 1 ♂ (UAT) 15 km SSW of Cd. Victoria, El Madroño, 1400 –1450 m, 27–31.xii.2008, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 1 ♀ (UAT) same data but 29.x.2013. 1 ♂ (UAT) 40 km S of Cd. Victoria, Tropico de Cancer, 9–16.xii.2000, coll. D.R. Kasparyan. 1 ♂ (UAT) Hidalgo, 1.xii.2007, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 44 km S of Cd. Victoria, Malaise trap, matorral, coll. D.R. Kasparyan (all in UAT): 19–26.viii.2000 (1 ♀), 9–16.ix.2000 (1 ♀), 7.x–4.xi.2000 (3 ♀, 2 ♂), 4–25.xi.2000 (7 ♀, 15 ♂). Gómez Farías, Altas Cimas, Malaise trap, coll. D.R. Kasparyan (all in UAT): 12–19.viii.2000 (1 ♀), 9–16.ix.2000 (2 ♂), 21–28.x.2000 (3 ♂), 4–23.xi.2000 (3 ♂). Same locality and trap, coll. S. Hernández A. (all in UAT): 27.ii–20.iii.1999 (1 ♂), 17–24.iv.1999 (1 ♀, 1 ♂). 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 1.xi.1990, coll. H. Ruíz C. Gómez Farías, Los Cedros, Malaise trap, coll. S. Hernández A. (all in UAT): 28.xi–26.xii.1998 (2 ♀, 6 ♂), 26.xii.1998 – 30.i.1999 (2 ♀, 10 ♂), 30.i–6.ii.1999 (1 ♂), 13.ii–6.iii.1999 (1 ♀, 5 ♂), 20.iii–3.iv.1999 (9 ♂), 3.iv–1.v.1999 (1 ♀, 14 ♂), 15–22.v.1999 (1 ♂). 2 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 24.i.1999, coll. D.R. Kasparyan. 3 ♂ (UAT) Victoria — Soto La Marina, km 68, 9–31.iii.1985, coll. E. &amp; J. Ruíz C. 2 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 3.i.1987, coll. E. &amp; H. Ruíz C. 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 14.iv.1987, coll. H. Ruíz C. 1 ♂ (UAT) Hidalgo, Río Blanco, 11.iii.1995, coll. C.A. Covarrubias D. &amp; S. Hernández A. Querétaro: 1 ♀ (UAQ) Jalpan de Serra, 14.x.2013. Veracruz: 1 ♂ (UAT) SW of Xalapa, park near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.93915&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.5128" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.93915/lat 19.5128)">Institute de Ecología</a>, 19°30.768’N, 96°56.349’W, 1260 m, 17–18.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 1 ♀, 3 ♂ (1 ♀ and 2 ♂ in UAT, 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 12–14.iv.2014. 1 ♀ (UNAM) Volcán San Andrés, selva, 1000 m, 29.v.1951, coll. C. Bolivar. 1 ♂ (UNAM) San Andrés, Estación Biológica Los Tuxtlas, 250 m, Malaise trap, selva alta perennifolia, 14–28.v.2014, coll. M. Madora. Oaxaca: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 15 mi. N of San Gabriel Mixtepec, Highway 131, 3850 ft. (= 1175 m), 11.vii.1987, coll. R. Wharton. Tabasco: 1 ♂ (UAT) Centla, Frontera Frutales, 26.iii.1997, coll. A. Martinez., C.A. Covarrubias D. &amp; S. Niño M. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (EMEC) 16 km NW of El Jocote, 732 m, 25.x.1976, coll. E.S. Ross. 1 ♀ (FSCA) 11.6 mi. N of Ocozocuautla, 3200 ft. (975 m), 10–13.vi.1966, coll. G.E. Ball &amp; D.R. Whitehead. 1 ♀, 2 ♂ (AEIC) 16 km NW of Ocozocoautla, Laguna Belgica, 13–14.vi.1990, coll. H. &amp; A. Howden. 1 ♂ (AEIC) National Park Lagos de Montebello, Laguna Pojoj, 1500 m, 2.vi.1990, coll. H. &amp; A. Howden, B. Gill. 1 ♀ (EMEC) Portugal, 7 mi. SE of Simojovel, 17.vii.1958, coll. J.A. Chemsak. 1 ♂ (EMEC) NW of Ocosingo, 9.iii.1953, coll. R.C. Bechtel &amp; E.I. Schlinger. HONDURAS. 1 ♂ (AEIC) Francisco Morazán, 30 km E of Tegucigalpa, Cerro Uyuca, 1800 m, 27.v.1994, coll. H. &amp; A. Howden. 1 ♀ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, San Antonio de Oriente, Cerro Uyuca, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 29.v–4.vi.1990, coll. R. Cave.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Querétaro, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Chiapas), Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica. First record from Honduras.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F195F32FF06FC8AFC01F9F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94.text	B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla chamela Khalaim & Ruiz-Cancino 2021	<div><p>4. Pimpla chamela Khalaim &amp; Ruíz-Cancino, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Fig. 28)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Jalisco, La Huerta, Estación Biológica Chamela, Vereda Tejón, 600 m, Malaise trap, 7–10.iii.2000, coll. M.A. Sarmiento, CIB 00-0071.</p> <p>Paratypes. MEXICO. Jalisco: 1 ♂ (UAT) same data as holotype. GUATEMALA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Zacapa, 8 km N of San Lorenzo, 7–19.vii.1986, coll. J.M. Campbell.</p> <p>Description. Female. Fore wing length 6.7 mm.</p> <p>Head in dorsal view with genae short, strongly constricted behind eyes. Frons concave, with distinct longitudinal median groove. Posterior ocellus separated from face eye by 0.65× its own maximum diameter. Mandible apically strongly narrowed, with upper tooth much longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile convex in upper part and flat in lower part; in anterior view 1.6× as broad as long, with lower margin distinctly concave. Malar space 0.65× as long as basal mandibular width. Face with dense distinct punctures, smooth between punctures.</p> <p>Mesoscutum smooth, weakly shining, with very shallow inconspicuous punctures. Scutellum in pofile convex. Mesopleuron polished, with very fine punctures. Epicnemial carina reaching above level of centre of pronotum. Metapleuron convex, finely punctate in upper part and smooth in lower part. Submetapleural carina complete. Propodeum in profile evenly rounded, with numerous fine transverse wrinkles dorsally and laterally, more or less smooth posteriorly. Pleural carina complete.</p> <p>Fore wing with vein RS straigh, only curved distally. Vein 1cu-a (nervulus) distinctly postfurcal; in the holotype separated from M&amp;RS (basal vein) by 0.35 its own length.</p> <p>First tergite 1.2× as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface centrally convex, the swelling angled at about 45º. Tergites 2–4 dorsally with coarse and dense punctures (distance between punctures mostly shorter than one diameter of puncture), smooth and shining between punctures. Laterotergites 2–5 very narrow; second laterotergite about 0.15× as broad as long. Ovipositor sheath as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor slightly decurved, its apex with about five oblique teeth on lower valve, and with a row of fine denticles laterally on each side of upper valve; lower valve not enclosing the upper.</p> <p>Predominantly black species (Fig. 28). Upper margin of pronotum with short white stripe posteriorly. Wings weakly infumate with yellow, pterostigma brown. Fore and mid femora, tibiae and tarsi brown to brownish black. Hind femur with reddish brown mark basally, and hind tibia slightly reddish brown subbasally on outer surface.</p> <p>Male. Similar to female but malar space somewhat shorter, tegula pale in anterior half, and fore and mid femora and tibiae extensively white marked on inner surface.</p> <p>Variation. Female from Guatemala is somewhat larger than the holotype, with the first tergite angled in posterior 0.7, ovipositor sheath 0.8× as long as hind tibia, and fore femur and tibia extensively yellow marked.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, [Biological Station] Chamela.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Jalisco), Guatemala.</p> <p>Comparison. Similar to the Central American P. sedula Cameron as both are almost entirely black (Fig. 28), but differs by the first tergite in profile weakly angulate (pyramidal in P. sedula), fore wing with vein 1cu-a (nervulus) distinctly postfurcal, and face and second and following tergites distinctly punctate.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8.text	B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla croceipes Cresson 1874	<div><p>5. Pimpla croceipes Cresson, 1874</p> <p>(Fig. 29)</p> <p>Pimpla croceipes Cresson 1874: 398 [♀ ♂ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba].</p> <p>References. Cameron 1886: 266 [Mexico (Veracruz), Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama]. Morley 1914: 63 [remarks; Mexico (Guerrero), Guatemala, Panama, Costa Rica]. Cresson 1916:26 [lectotype “603”(ANSP) designated; Mexico, Veracruz]. Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 25 [Coccygomimus; catalogue; Mexico]. Porter 1970a: 87 [Coccygomimus; description; Colombia, Ecuador]. Maes 1989: 33 [catalogue; Nicaragua]. Gauld 1991: 523 [description; Mexico (Guerrero), Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama]. Gauld et al. 1998: 140 [in key; Costa Rica]. Hernández-Aguilar et al. 1999: 36 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Díaz 2000: 248 [Venezuela]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Gauld et al. 2002: 60 [El Salvador]. Hernández-Aguilar et al. 2005: 470 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2010: 66 [checklist; Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Veijalainen et al. 2011 [DNA barcoding; separated from P. molesta; Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Venezuela]. Sánchez-García et al. 2015: 828 [checklist; Mexico (Oaxaca)]. Khalaim et al. 2018: 23 [Mexico (Veracruz)].</p> <p>Remarks. The species was described from syntype female(s) and male(s) (Cresson 1974: 398); later the specimen under number “603” was designated as a lectotype, but its sex was not mentioned (Cresson 1916: 26); and only in 1966, Townes (Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 25) recorded that the lectotype is female.</p> <p>Unfortunately, we could not confidently separate P. croceipes and P. molesta on the basis of morphological characters given by Veijalainen et al. (2011). Almost all examined Mexican specimens have subtegular ridge black or only dark reddish brown, fore coxa black or black and yellow, second tergite sparsely to closely punctate (in females), and transverse groove on the second tergite situated slightly behind its middle. Only one female from Lagos de Montebello, Chiapas, has subtegular ridge conspicuously yellow marked and fore coxa 50×50 yellow and black. All examined specimens from Mexico are considered here as P. croceipes (s. lato) but further investigation of this material is required. See also Remarks section under P. molesta.</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Cd. Victoria, Cañón de la Libertad, 800 m, 13.xii.1987, coll. R. Meza V. 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality and collector, 1000 m, 5.iii.1988. 1 ♀ (UAT) 15 km SSW of Cd. Victoria, El Madroño, 16–18.xii.2008, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 20.v.1984, coll. H. Ruíz C. 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality and collector, 29.i.1985. 4 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 23.xii.1987, coll. H. &amp; E. Ruíz C., S. Arrambide. 3 ♀, 2 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 1400 m, 20.i.2000, coll. E. Ruíz C. &amp; J.A. Martínez Ramirez. 1 ♀ (UAT) Tula, 1000 m, 7.xi.2007, coll. E. Ruíz C. 2 ♀ (UAT) Tula, Ejido Acahuales, 1400 m, oak-forest, Malaise trap, 27.viii–10.ix and 29.x–12.xi.2016, coll. E. Ruíz C. &amp; J.M. Coronado B. 1 ♂ (UAT) Gómez Farías, v.1992, coll. J.M. Coronado B. 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Altas Cimas, Malaise trap, 4–11.xi.2000, coll. D.R. Kasparyan. 3 ♂ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Canindo, Malaise trap, 20–21.vii.1994, coll. J.B. Wooley. 2 ♂ (UAT) same locality and collector, 28–30.vii.1993. 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Río El Cielo, 3.iii.1989, coll. R. Thompson. San Luis Potosí: 1 ♂ (UAT) Xilitla, Las Pozas (park), 21–23.xii.2008, coll. A.I. Khalaim. Querétaro: 2 ♀ (UAQ) Jalpan de Serra, 4.x.2013. 1 ♀ (UAQ) Pinal de Amoles, 2.x.2013. Veracruz: 3 ♀, 6 ♂ (UAT) SW of Xalapa, park near Institute de Ecología, 19°30.768’N, 96°56.349’, 1260 m, 17–18.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 5 ♀, 4 ♂ (3 ♀ and 2 ♂ in UAT, 2 ♀ and 2 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 12–14.iv.2014. 1 ♂ (EMEC) Fortín de las Flores, 25.xii.1963, coll. C.A. Toschi &amp; M.J. Tauber. Morelos: 1 ♀ (UAT) N of Cuernavaca, Chamilpa, 20.ix.1991, coll. G. Peña. 1 ♀ (UAT) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-99.09861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.9975" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -99.09861/lat 18.9975)">Tepoztlán</a>, 18°59’51”N, 99°05’55”W, 1490 m, 5.iii.2010, coll. E. Ruíz C. 2 ♀ (CIUM) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-98.98758&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=18.44701" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -98.98758/lat 18.44701)">Tlaquiltenango</a>, 5 km W of Santiopa, 18.44701°N, 98.98758°W, 1005 m, 5.x.2013, coll. J.A. Hernández et al. Oaxaca: 1 ♀, 2 ♂ (UNAM) Santiago Comaltepec, La Esperanza, N 17.02661º, W 96.36950º, 1600 m, Malaise trap, 1.vii–12.viii.2008, coll. A. Lopez García. 2 ♀ (UNAM) Santiago Comaltepec, N 17.58429º, W 96.49398º, 2332 m, 6.vi.2009, coll. H. Clebsch &amp; A. Zaldívar R. 3 ♂ (TAMU) 15.1 mi. N of San Gabriel Mixtepec, 3850 ft. (= 1175 m), Highway 131, 11.vii.1987, coll. R. Wharton. Chiapas: 10 ♀ (UANL, UAT) Reserva El Triunfo, 15 km S of La Trinitaria, Palo Gordo, 20–22.vii.1997, coll. A. González H. 1 ♀ (UAT) 50 km SSE of Comitán, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.734535&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.103716" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.734535/lat 16.103716)">National Park Lagos de Montebello</a>, 16°06.223’N, 91°44.072’W, 1450 m, mixed forest with pines, 5–6.iii.2013, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 1 ♂ (UAT) 50 km ESE of Comitán, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.705154&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.10655" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.705154/lat 16.10655)">National Park Lagos de Montebello</a>, 16.106551, -91.705158, 1500 m, 8.viii.2021, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 1 ♀ (UAT) 40 km E of Comitán, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.72924&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.132282" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.72924/lat 16.132282)">National Park Lagos de Montebello</a>, 16.132282, -91.729243, 9.viii.2021, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 1 ♂ (TAMU) Lagunas de Montebello [National Park], Laguna Cinco Lagos, 11.viii.1990, coll. J.C. Schaffner. 1 ♂ (TAMU) Reserva El Triunfo, Sendero Palo Gordo, 6400 ft. (= 1950 m), screen sweep, 21.vii.1977, coll. J.B. Woolley. 1 ♀, 4 ♂ (TAMU) Reserva El Triunfo, 6620 ft. (= 2020 m), 14–23.vii.1997, coll. J.B. Woolley. 1 ♀ (TAMU) 4 km W of San Cristóbal [de las Casas], San Felipe, 2200 m, oak-grass woodlands, 24–28.viii.1990, coll. R.W. Jones. 1 ♀ (TAMU) 4 km W of San Cristóbal [de las Casas], Reserva Huitepec, 7800 ft. (= 2380 m), cloud forest, Malaise trap, 5.x–25.xi.1990, coll. R.W. Jones. 2 ♀, 2 ♂ (TAMU) Municipio San Cristóbal, Reserva Huitepec, Malaise trap, 8–28.viii.1990, coll. R.W. Jones. PANAMA. 1 ♂ (TAMU) Chiriquí Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.67583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.764444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.67583/lat 8.764444)">Lagunas del Volcán</a>, 5 km SW of Volcán, 8°45’52”N, 82°40’33”W, 4220 ft. (= 1285 m), 30.vii.1999, coll. J.B. Woolley.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Veracruz, Morelos, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela.</p> <p>Biology. Gauld (1991) noticed that the colour pattern of P. croceipes is the same as that of some very common sympatric species of Auplopus Spinola (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) and, in flight, P. croceipes may easily be confused with these species. Moreover, P. croceipes, as far as P. molesta, seems to share a mimicry pattern with a Lissonota species (Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) being involved in mimicry complexes characterized by black colouration with lower body parts being bright yellow (Veijalainen et al. 2011: 66).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F055F31FF06F96FFA84FC25.text	B15113588F055F31FF06F96FFA84FC25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla croceiventris (Cresson 1868)	<div><p>6. Pimpla croceiventris (Cresson, 1868)</p> <p>(Figs 30, 31)</p> <p>Tryphon croceiventris Cresson 1868: 36 [2 ♂ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Hacienda del Potrero, near Córdoba].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F055F31FF06F96FFA84FC25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F025F36FF06FA89FBB0FD88.text	B15113588F025F36FF06FA89FBB0FD88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla dimidiata (Townes 1960)	<div><p>7. Pimpla dimidiata (Townes, 1960)</p> <p>Coccygomimus dimidiatus Townes in Townes &amp; Townes 1960: 350 [holotype ♂ (MCZ), USA, Texas, Hempstead, 3.iii.1942, coll. A.L. Melander].</p> <p>References. Carlson 1979: 344 [Coccygomimus; catalogue].</p> <p>Remarks. This species was described from a single male from Texas and has not been registered ever since. The female from Mexico almost exactly corresponds with the original description of this species except for wings which are rather strongly infumate with brown in the female from Mexico and hyaline in the type male, according to its original description.</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Michoacán: 1 ♀ (UAT) Morelia, Cerro Punhuato, 19°41’924”N, 101°08’272”W, 2110 m, Area de Fresnos, 11.ix.2010, coll. Ana L. Escalante &amp; Jiménez T. Amarillas.</p> <p>Distribution. USA (Texas), Mexico (Michoacan). First record from Mexico.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F025F36FF06FA89FBB0FD88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F025F36FF06F8FEFA0DFCBE.text	B15113588F025F36FF06F8FEFA0DFCBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla ellopiae Harrington 1892	<div><p>8. Pimpla ellopiae Harrington, 1892</p> <p>(Figs 32–34)</p> <p>Pimpla ellopiae Harrington 1892: 99 [1 ♀ and 1 ♂ (CNC), Canada, British Columbia, Victoria, ex pupae Ellopia somniaria].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F025F36FF06F8FEFA0DFCBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F005F34FF06FC44FAD9FD23.text	B15113588F005F34FF06FC44FAD9FD23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla ellopiae Harrington 1892	<div><p>Pimpla ellopiae var.</p> <p>(Fig. 35)</p> <p>Remarks. This variation differs from typical specimens of P. ellopiae by characters given in the key above (couplet 15). Males are recognizable less easily than females as only coloration of hind tibia is found to work well for their separation, though small males of P. ellopiae var. sometimes have hind tibia paler, dirty dark reddish rather than reddish black. Pimpla ellopiae var. resembles the Costa Rican species P. hubendickae Gauld as both have reddish brown metasoma, predominantly black hind leg with dark red femur and sparsely punctate on smooth background tergites 2–5 in females, but differs from this species by its entirely black metapleuron and propodeum, and yellow marked mid leg.</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Rancho El Cielo, 2.xi.1990, coll. H. Ruíz C. Guerrero: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 6.4 mi. SW of Filo de Caballo, 9000 ft. (= 2745 m), 8.vii.1987, coll. R. Wharton. 1 ♂ (TAMU) 7 mi. SW of Filo de Caballo, 12.vii.1985, coll. J. Woolley &amp; G. Zolnerowich. Oaxaca: 2 ♀, 6 ♂ (TAMU) Llano de las Flores, 8900 ft. (= 2715 m), 17–19.vii.1987, coll. R. Wharton. 5 ♂ (3 ♂ in UNAM, 2 ♂ in ZISP) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.49398&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.58429" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.49398/lat 17.58429)">Santiago Comaltepec</a>, 17.58429ºN, 96.49398ºW, 2332 m, 6.vi.2009, coll. H. Clebsch. 3 ♂ (UNAM) same data, but 17.57680ºN, 96.50661ºW, 2950 m, oak-pine forest, yellow pan traps, 16–20.vi.2008. 10 ♂ (9 ♂ in UNAM, 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 17.58424ºN, 96.49428ºW, 2427 m, humid oak-pine forest, Malaise trap, 12–20.vi.2007.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F005F34FF06FC44FAD9FD23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F005F34FF06F910FB8FFC51.text	B15113588F005F34FF06F910FB8FFC51.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla ichneumoniformis Cresson 1874	<div><p>9. Pimpla ichneumoniformis Cresson, 1874</p> <p>(Figs 36, 37)</p> <p>Pimpla ichneumoniformis Cresson 1874: 403 [♂ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F005F34FF06F910FB8FFC51	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F015F3AFF06FA60FCB3F94C.text	B15113588F015F3AFF06FA60FCB3F94C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla molesta Smith 1879	<div><p>10. Pimpla molesta Smith, 1879</p> <p>Pimpla molesta Smith 1879: 229 [holotype ♀ (NHMUK), Costa Rica, San José Prov., Volcán Irazú, 2000–2300 m, coll. Rogers].</p> <p>References. Cameron 1886: 266 [modesta (misspelling); syn. of P. croceipes]. Gauld 1991: 523 [syn. of P. croceipes]. Veijalainen et al. 2011 [ex synonym; DNA barcoding; Mexico (Guerrero), Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama].</p> <p>Remarks. Pimpla molesta was synonymized to P. croceipes by Cameron (1886) but recent molecular and morphological investigation (Veijalainen et al. 2011) demonstrated that actually these are two distinct species. The two species were separated by DNA barcoding and minor differences in morphology and colouration. Thus, many earlier records of P. croceipes actually may belong to P. molesta. Examined specimens from Guatemala, Honduras and Panama well correspond with P. molesta, but most Mexican specimens share characters of both species, and therefore all Mexican specimens are preliminarily treated here as P. croceipes. See also Remarks section under P. croceipes.</p> <p>Material examined. GUATEMALA. 1 ♂ (AEIC) San Jose Pinala, 1800 m, 2.viii.1987, coll. M.J. Sharkey. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Sacatepequez, near Antigua, 1700 m, 23.xi.1986, coll. M.J. Sharkey. HONDURAS. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Cerro Monserrat, 1800 m, 30.v.1994, coll. H. &amp; A. Howden. 2 ♀ (AEIC) Francisco Morazán, 30 km E of Tegucigalpa, Cerro Uyuca, 1800 m, 27.v.1994, coll. H. &amp; A. Howden. 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, Cerro Uyuca, El Zamorano, 1900 m, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 10–20.viii.1992, coll. C. Porter &amp; L. Stange. COSTA RICA. 1 ♀ (INHS) Puntarenas Prov., San Vito de Java, Las Cruces, 1200 m, Jardín Botánico, 5.viii.1986, coll. M.E. Irwin. PANAMA. 1 ♀ (TAMU) Chiriquí Prov., Reserva La Fortuna, Estación Biológica, 4–8.viii.1999, coll. A. Gillogly &amp; J. Woolley.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Guerrero), Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama.</p> <p>Biology. Pimpla molesta, as far as P. croceipes, seems to share a mimicry pattern with a Lissonota species (Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) being involved in mimicry complexes characterized by black colouration with lower body parts being bright yellow (Veijalainen et al. 2011: 66).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F015F3AFF06FA60FCB3F94C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33.text	B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla oaxacana Khalaim & Ruiz-Cancino 2021	<div><p>11. Pimpla oaxacana Khalaim &amp; Ruíz-Cancino, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Fig. 21)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Oaxaca, Cuilapam, nogal, Malaise trap, 26.iii.2005, coll. J.M. Maldonado.</p> <p>Description. Female. Fore wing length 9.4 mm.</p> <p>Head strongly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view. Posterior ocellus separated from eye by 0.6× its own diameter. Mandible with upper tooth distinctly longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile proximally slightly convex, apically slightly concave; in front view 1.75× as broad as long, with lower margin weakly concave. Malar space 0.6× as long as basal mandibular width. Face convex, densely punctate (punctures sparse and weak ventrally, coarse and rather deep dorsally), more or less smooth between punctures, with longitudinally striate median prominence.</p> <p>Mesoscutum weakly shining, dull, with very fine and mostly indistinct punctures, rather densely pubescent. Scutellum weakly convex, almost smooth, with fine indistinct punctures. Mesopleuron with fine and even setiferous punctures, smooth and shining between punctures. Epicnemial carina reaching about the level of centre of pronotum. Metapleuron weakly convex, mostly with shallow indistinct punctures, smooth and impunctate anteroventrally, corrugate posteriorly. Submetapleural carina complete, anteriorly strongly raised, rounded. Pleural carina weak but complete. Propodeum dorsally and laterally with dense transverse wrinkles, posteriorly smooth, with dorsoposterior corners not swollen.</p> <p>Fore wing with vein RS almost straight, curved distally. Vein 1cu-a (nervulus) distinctly postfurcal, distal to base of M&amp;RS (basal vein) by 0.3 its own length. Discosubmarginal cell very sparsely hirsute, anteriorly glabrous.</p> <p>First tergite of metasoma short, about as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface convex behind middle. Tergite 1 dorsally polished in its basal 0.6, densely and coarsely punctate posteriorly but with posterior white end smooth. Tergites 2–5 densely and coarsely punctate reticulate but with posterior white end smooth, with weak and inconspicuous basolateral grooves. Tergite 6 finely coriaceous, dull, with shallow moderately dense punctures. Tergite 7 finely coriaceous, dull, with fine and sparse punctures. Laterotergites extremely narrow; laterotergite 5 about 0.25× as broad as long. Ovipositor robust and straight, with fine subapical teeth ventrally, its sheath 0.85× as long as hind tibia.</p> <p>Head with antenna, mandible and mouth parts black; lateral corners of clypeus reddish. Mesosoma black, pronotum white marked ventrally and with narrow white stripe on its dorsal margin, mesopleuron with subalar prominence apically whitish, scutellum with posterior 0.3 white, postscutellum entirely white. Tegula blackish, peripherally pale and with extreme posterior corner whitish. Wings slightly yellowish. Veins light brown to brown. Pterostigma brownish black with small white mark basally and brownish mark apically. All coxae and trochanters black; fore trochanter whitish on its anterior side, hind trochantellus reddish apically. All femora dark red, fore femur with inconspicuous orange markings, hind femur apically narrowly black. Fore and mid tibiae yellowish orange with infuscate marks on external surface. Hind tibia black, slightly reddish on its internal surface. Fore and mid tarsi reddish. Hind tarsus black, claws dark red to black. Metasoma black, tergites 1–4 with yellow posterior band, tergites 5–7 also yellow banded posteriorly but the bands becoming narrower on posterior tergites. Sternites mostly blackish, on margins and peripherally whitish. Ovipositor sheath black.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, State of Oaxaca.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Oaxaca).</p> <p>Comparison. The new species differs from three other species with black tergites and with a pale band posteriorly (P. albomarginata, P. carlosi and P. xalapana) by the shorter malar space, shorter first tergite, black scape of antenna and mid and hind coxae.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0F5F3BFF06FE37FB02F9F6.text	B15113588F0F5F3BFF06FE37FB02F9F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla perssoni Gauld 1991	<div><p>12. Pimpla perssoni Gauld, 1991</p> <p>Pimpla perssoni Gauld 1991: 508 [holotype ♀ (INBio), Costa Rica, San José Prov., San Antonio de Escazú, 1300 m, vi.1988, coll. Eberhard; ♀ ♂, Mexico (Veracruz, Tabasco), Brazil (Santa Catarina)].</p> <p>References. Gauld et al. 1998: 139 [in key; Costa Rica]. Gauld et al. 2002: 58 [El Salvador]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Khalaim et al. 2018: 23 [Mexico (Veracruz)]. Pádua et al. 2020: 38 [diagnosis; Uruguay].</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Veracruz, Tabasco), El Salvador, Costa Rica, Brazil, Uruguay.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F0F5F3BFF06FE37FB02F9F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0C5F38FF06FF25FC35FA6A.text	B15113588F0C5F38FF06FF25FC35FA6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla punicipes Cresson 1874	<div><p>13. Pimpla punicipes Cresson, 1874</p> <p>(Figs 38, 39, 42)</p> <p>Pimpla punicipes Cresson 1874: 398 [♀ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F0C5F38FF06FF25FC35FA6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0B5F3FFF06FE20FB98F961.text	B15113588F0B5F3FFF06FE20FB98F961.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla sanguinipes Cresson 1872	<div><p>14. Pimpla sanguinipes Cresson, 1872</p> <p>(Figs 40, 41, 43)</p> <p>Pimpla sanguinipes Cresson 1872: 165 [holotype ♀ (USNM), USA, Texas, Bosque Co.].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F0B5F3FFF06FE20FB98F961	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F085F3CFF06FD48FB84FF00.text	B15113588F085F3CFF06FD48FB84FF00.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla segnestami Gauld 1991	<div><p>15. Pimpla segnestami Gauld, 1991</p> <p>Pimpla segnestami Gauld 1991: 517 [holotype ♀ (NHMUK), Costa Rica, San José Prov., San Antonio de Escazú, 1300 m, vi.1988, coll. W.G. Eberhard &amp; I.D. Gauld; ♀ ♂].</p> <p>References. Gauld et al. 1998: 140 [in key; Costa Rica]. Gauld et al. 2002: 60 [El Salvador]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Hernández-Aguilar et al. 2005: 470 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2010: 66 [checklist; Mexico (Tamaulipas)].</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Canindo, 21–22.vii.1994, coll. J.B. Woolley. Michoacán: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 11.5 mi. (= 18.5 km) E of Morelia, 9.iv.1990, coll. Ferreira &amp; Schaffner.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Michoacán), El Salvador, Costa Rica.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F085F3CFF06FD48FB84FF00	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F085F3CFF06FB76FC54FE36.text	B15113588F085F3CFF06FB76FC54FE36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla sumichrasti Cresson 1874	<div><p>16. Pimpla sumichrasti Cresson, 1874</p> <p>(Figs 44–49)</p> <p>Pimpla Sumichrasti Cresson 1874: 400 [♀ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Córdoba].</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F085F3CFF06FB76FC54FE36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3.text	B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla tequila Khalaim & Ruiz-Cancino 2021	<div><p>17. Pimpla tequila Khalaim &amp; Ruíz-Cancino, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Fig. 22)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Jalisco, 10 km S of Tequila, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-103.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.79" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -103.85/lat 20.79)">Volcán de Tequila</a>, 20°47.4’N, 103°51.0’W, 2750–2850 m, 7.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim.</p> <p>Paratypes. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Palmillas, Ejido Llano de Azúa, 1620 m, Malaise trap, 5–18.ii.2017, coll. E. Ruíz C. &amp; J.M. Coronado B. Morelos: 1 ♀ (UAT) Tepoztlán, 2.ix.1951, coll. C. Bolivar. HONDURAS. 1 ♀ (FSCA) El Paraíso, Yuscarón, Cerro Moncerrat, 25.v.1993, coll. R. Ortega.</p> <p>Description. Female. Fore wing length 8.8 mm.</p> <p>Head strongly and almost straightly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view. Posterior ocellus separated from eye by 0.6× its own diameter. Mandible with upper tooth somewhat longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile proximally rather strongly convex, apically concave; in frontal view almost twice as broad as long, with lower margin weakly concave. Malar space 0.3–0.5× as long as basal mandibular width. Face convex, densely and distinctly punctate (punctures shallower in lower part). Frons transversely striate medially, finely and densely punctate laterally.</p> <p>Mesoscutum weakly shining, with shallow dense punctures. Scutellum weakly convex, almost smooth, with shallow sparse punctures, smooth between punctures. Mesopleuron densely and evenly punctate, smooth and shining between punctures, punctures more sharp and deep dorsally and anteriorly. Epicnemial carina reaching about the level of centre of pronotum. Metapleuron weakly convex, with shallow dense punctures, smooth and shining between punctures, with very fine inconspicuous striae posteriorly. Submetapleural carina anteriorly strongly raised, rounded, posteriorly indistinct. Pleural carina mostly indistinct. Propodeum dorsally with very fine transverse striae, dull, dorsolaterally and laterally dull and uneven, with medium-sized indistinct punctures, posteriorly smooth and finely punctate; dorsoposterior corners not swollen.</p> <p>Fore wing with vein RS almost straight, weakly curved distally. Vein 1cu-a (nervulus) antefurcal. Discosubmarginal cell moderately hirsute, with setae sparser proximally.</p> <p>First tergite of metasoma short, 0.9× as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface convex in posterior 0.6, the summit of the swelling rather sharply angled at 130°. Tergite 1 dorsally polished in basal 0.6, coarsely punctate reticulate posteriorly. Tergites 2–5 dorsally coarsely punctate reticulate with posterior margins narrowly smooth. Second tergite with weak and inconspicuous basolateral grooves, following tergites without basolateral grooves.Tergite 6 punctate reticulate anteriorly to densely punctate posteriorly. Tergite 7 densely punctate anteriorly, with scattered punctures posteriorly. Laterotergites extremely narrow, those of segments 4 and 5 about 0.2× as broad as long. Ovipositor robust and straight, with distinct subapical teeth ventrally (all teeth subvertical), its sheath as long as hind tibia.</p> <p>Head with antenna, mandible and mouth parts black. Mesosoma and tegula black. Wings slightly infumate. Veins dark brown to brownish black. Pterostigma brownish black with small pale marks basally and apically. All coxae and trochanters black; fore trochanter white marked anteriorly. Fore femur and tibia dark red to blackish, white striped anteriorly. Fore and mid tarsi reddish brown, infuscate, the distal tarsomere apically blackish. Mid and hind femora dark red, mid femur anteriorly with small apical yellowish mark. Mid leg with tibia and tarsus reddish brown, slightly infuscate, tibia blackish on its anterior side, the distal tarsomere blackish. Hind tibia reddish brown, slightly infuscate, basally blackish. Hind tarsus and claws black. Metasoma dark red. Ovipositor sheath black.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Variation. Female from Morelos is distinctly larger than the holotype, with fore wing 11.4 mm long, and is lighter, in particular it has tegula yellow in its anterior 0.4, pterostigma dark brown, hind leg with apical trochanter, mid and hind tibiae, and hind tarsomeres 1–3 entirely reddish brown.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named after the type locality [Volcán de] Tequila, and a traditional Mexican tipple.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Jalisco, Morelos), Honduras.</p> <p>Comparison. The new species differs from its Central American and Mexican congeners with reddish brown metasoma by the combination of mesopleuron and metapleuron with shallow and dense punctures (without striae); short malar space; black coxae and reddish brown mid and hind femora; whitish marks on anterior surface of fore trochanter and on outer side of mid femur apically; and coarse longitudinally punctate-reticulate sculpture of tergites 2–5.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F00FF06FF25FC37FF73.text	B15113588F345F00FF06FF25FC37FF73.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla viridescens Morley 1914	<div><p>18. Pimpla viridescens Morley, 1914</p> <p>(Figs 50–53)</p> <p>Pimpla viridescens Morley 1914: 67 [holotype ♀ (NHMUK), Mexico, Guerero, Sierra de las Aguas Escondidas, 9500 ft. (= 3150 m), vii.1904, coll. H.H. Smith; ♀].</p> <p>References. Townes &amp; Townes 1966: 29 [catalogue; Coccygomimus; Mexico]. Gauld 1991: 519 [description; Costa Rica, Mexico (Guerrero)]. Gauld et al. 1998: 138 [in key; Costa Rica]. Gauld et al. 2002: 58 [El Salvador]. Ruíz- Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico].</p> <p>Material examined. MEXICO. Jalisco: 1 ♀ (UAT) 10 km S of Tequila, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-103.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.79" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -103.85/lat 20.79)">Volcán de Tequila</a>, 20°47.4’N, 103°51.0’W, 2750–2850 m, 7.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 2 ♂ (UANL, ZISP) La Huerta, Estación Biológica Chamela, Vereda Tejón, 600 m, Malaise trap, 7–10.iii.2000, coll. M.A. Sarmiento. Hidalgo: 5 ♀ (2 ♀ in UAT, 1 ♀ in UNAM, 2 ♀ in ZISP) 8 km N of Pachuca de Soto, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-98.7425&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=20.19" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -98.7425/lat 20.19)">National Park El Chico</a>, 20°11.4’N, 98°44.55’W, 2800–2900 m, 18–22.xii.2014, coll. A.I. Khalaim. Tlaxcala: Nanacamilpa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-98.583336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.466667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -98.583336/lat 19.466667)">Ejido Los Búfalos</a>, 19°28’N, 98°35’W, bosque Pino-Encino, 2830–2900 m, Malaise trap, coll. Y. Márquez &amp; A. Contreras: 1 ♀ (ZISP) 3–30.vi.2016, 5 ♀ (UNAM) 30.vi–1.viii.2016, 1 ♀ (UNAM) 1–26.viii.2016. D.F.: 1 ♀ (EMEC) Desierto de los Leones, 7.vii.1962, coll. D.H. Janzen. Morelos: 1 ♂ (UNAM) 2 km NW of Huitzilac, 2750 m, 18.vii.1984, coll. J. Butze &amp; G. Ayzare. Guerrero: 2 ♀ (TAMU) 6.6 mi. SW of Filo de Caballo, 12.vii.1985, Jones &amp; Schaffner. Chiapas: 1 ♂ (UANL) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.68445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.768333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.68445/lat 16.768333)">Cerro El Huitepec</a>, 16°46’06”N, 92°41’04”W, 2.viii.1997, coll. A. Gonzáles H. GUATEMALA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Guatemala Department, near Antigua, Sacatepequez, 1700 m, 23.xi.1986, coll. M.J. Sharkey. HONDURAS. 1 ♂ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, San Antonio de Oriente, Cerro Uyuca, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 29.v–4.vi.1990, coll. R. Cave. 1 ♂ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, Cerro Uyuca, El Zamorano, 1900 m, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 10–20.viii.1992, coll. L. Stange &amp; C. Porter.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Jalisco, Hidalgo, Tlaxcala, D.F., Morelos, Guerrero, Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Costa Rica. First records from Guatemala and Honduras.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F345F00FF06FF25FC37FF73	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7.text	B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pimpla xalapana Khalaim & Ruíz-Cancino 2021	<div><p>19. Pimpla xalapana Khalaim, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Figs 23, 54–57)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Veracruz, SW of Xalapa, park near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.93915&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=19.5128" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.93915/lat 19.5128)">Institute de Ecología</a>, 19°30.768’N, 96°56.349’W, 1260 m, 17–18.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim.</p> <p>Paratypes. MEXICO. Veracruz: 3 ♀, 3 ♂ (1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in NHMUK, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in UNAM, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data as holotype, but 22–24.iv.2014. HONDURAS. 1 ♂ (AEIC) 30 km E of Tegucigalpa, Francisco Morazán, Cerro Uyuca, 1800 m, 27.v.1994, coll. H. &amp; A. Howden.</p> <p>Description. Female (Holotype). Fore wing length 8.2 mm.</p> <p>Head strongly and almost straightly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view. Posterior ocellus separated from eye by 0.7× its own diameter. Mandible with upper tooth distinctly longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile proximally distinctly convex, apically distinctly concave; in anterior view 1.6× as broad as long, with lower margin distinctly concave (Fig. 54). Malar space as long as basal mandibular width. Face convex, moderately densely punctate (punctures shallow), more or less smooth between punctures.</p> <p>Mesoscutum rather densely punctate (punctures shallow), posteriorly coriaceous, weakly shining. Scutellum rather strongly convex, smooth, with fine punctures. Mesopleuron with shallow and moderately dense punctures, weakly shining, posterodorsally smooth. Epicnemial carina reaching above the level of lower corner of pronotum (Fig. 56). Metapleuron strongly convex, finely striate centrally, with shallow punctures peripherally. Submetapleural carina complete and extending back to almost insertion of mid coxa, anteriorly strongly raised, rounded.Pleural carina weak, posteriorly indistinct. Propodeum dorsally with transverse parallel rugae, laterally very finely transversely striate and dull, posteriorly smooth. Dorsoposterior corners swollen and form conspicuous rounded apophyses.</p> <p>Fore wing with vein RS almost straight, weakly curved distally. Vein 1cu-a (nervulus) strongly postfurcal, distal to base of M&amp;RS (basal vein) by half its own length. Discosubmarginal cell moderately hirsute.</p> <p>First tergite of metasoma 1.35× as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface roundly convex centrally, the summit of the swelling angled at about 130°. Tergite 1 with posterior end smooth, dorsally with impressed arcuate transverse groove in posterior 0.7 on the margin between yellow and black. Sternite 1 with rounded swelling at base. Second tergite very shallowly granulate, dull, with fine scattered punctures basally, with deep oblique grooves anterolaterally, and weak arcuate groove on the margin between yellow and black (Fig. 55). Tergites 3+ similar, but almost impunctate and with grooves becoming weaker, vanishing on posterior tergites. Laterotergites extremely narrow, virtually absent. Ovipositor thin, very weakly upcurved, its sheath almost half as long as hind tibia.</p> <p>Head yellow with malar space narrowly black, blackish narrow longitudinal blackish stripe on face, frons with broad median black band through ocelli to vertex, posterior 2/3 of vertex, genae dorsoposteriorly and entire occiput black. Mouth parts yellow. Clypeus yellow in its upper 0.6, brownish in lower 0.4; clypeal sulcus brownish (Fig. 54). Mandible yellow, teeth blackish.Antenna with scape entirely yellow, pedicel and flagellum brown. Mesosoma black with extensive yellow markings (Figs 23, 56). Prothorax yellow, pronotum black marked posteriorly. Mesoscutum black with a pair of yellow subparallel longitudinal marks extending from anterolateral margins of mesoscutum to 0.85 its length, and narrow inconspicuous yellowish marks along lateral margin of mesoscutum at about level of tegulae. Mesopleuron with broad median mark extending from its anterior margin to posterior corner, and yellow subalar prominence. Scutellum yellow with posterior margin narrowly black. Postscutellum yellow. Mesepimeron bright yellow. Metapleuron black with large semicircular yellow mark dorsally. Propodeum yellow with large black marks anterolaterally, dorsally and posteriorly. Tegula brownish with extreme posterior corner yellow. Wings slightly yellowish. Veins brown to dark brown. Pterostigma dark brown, with broad median pale brown mark extending from base to apex. Fore leg with coxa, trochanter, trochantellus and tibia yellow, femur brownish with yellowish inner side, tarsus yellowish with the apical tarsomere infuscate. Mid leg with coxa yellow with black dorsal mark at apex, trochanter and trochantellus yellow, femur brownish, tibia mostly yellow with base and apex brownish, tarsus yellowish brown with the distal tarsomere apically blackish. Hind leg with coxa yellow with large black dorsal mark at apex, its apical half brownish laterally and ventrally, trochanter and trochantellus yellow (trochantellus apically reddish), femur reddish brown with black mark apically and with yellowish stripe on anterodorsal surface, tibia yellow with narrow basal and broad apical black marks, tibial spurs brown, tarsus (including claws) entirely black. First tergite black with broad yellow band on its posterior 1/3. Tergites 2–7 also yellow banded posteriorly, the bands rather broad on tergites 2–3 and becoming narrower on posterior tergites (Fig. 55). Ovipositor sheath black.</p> <p>Male. Similar to female.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named after the type-locality, Xalapa.</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico (Veracruz), Honduras.</p> <p>Comparison. The new species is similar to P. carlosi Gauld et al. by having tergites 2–7 black with narrow pale posterior band, and short unusually thin ovipositor, but differs from this species by much more extensively yellow marked head, mesosoma and legs (Figs 23, 54–57).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Khalaim, Andrey I.;Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
