taxonID	type	description	language	source
B15113588F145F20FF06FE0FFBE1F98A.taxon	description	The genera of this group are characterized by the possession of a nearly straight mesopleural suture (Figs 9, 13, 33) and a reduction of the membranous vesicles on the tarsal claws (Gauld 1991: 477). Occurring in Mexico genera Apechthis, Itoplectis and Pimpla have fore wing with enclosed areolet (Fig. 46) and hind wing with nervellus (cu 1 & cu-a) intercepted far above middle (Fig. 36). The genera Apechthis and Itoplectis possess inner margin of the eye strongly concave opposite antennal insertion (Figs 2, 12) and tarsal claws of female with acute basal lobe, while the genus Pimpla has inner margin of the eye weakly concave (Fig. 26) and tarsal claws simple, without a basal lobe. Females of Apechthis have a remarkable strongly decurved apically ovipositor (Fig. 4).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 4)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. More extensively dark marked specimens from South America have been treated by Townes & Townes (1966) as a separate subspecies, A. zapoteca sarsinae Costa-Lima, 1951 (Gauld 1991: 479).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Nuevo León: 1 ♀ (UAT) 30 km SE of Monterrey, Santiago, La Cieneguilla, 8. xi. 1987, coll. E. Ruíz C. Tamaulipas: SSW of Cd. Victoria, Rancho Santa Elena, 23 º 37.362 ’ N, 99 º 12.746 ’ W, 970 m, Malaise trap, 2010, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J. M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 19 – 26. iii (2 ♀), 28. x – 5. xi (1 ♀), 16 – 31. xii (2 ♀). 2 ♀ (UAT) Cd. Victoria, Cañón del Novillo, 780 – 900 m, 12. i and 3. ii. 1988, coll. R. Meza V. 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) 15 km SSW of Cd. Victoria, El Madroño, 16 – 18. xii. 2008, coll. A. I. Khalaim. Same locality, coll. E. & J. Ruíz C. (all in UAT): 16. vi. 1984 (1 ♀), 29. i. 1985 (1 ♀), 23. iii. 1985 (1 ♂), 28. iv. 1985 (1 ♀), 10. vii. 1985 (1 ♂), 16. xi. 1985 (1 ♀). 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 10. vii. 1986, coll. S. Arrambide. 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 1400 m, 20. i. 2000, coll. J. A. Martinez R. 2 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 1450 m, oak forest, Malaise trap, 17. xi – 1. xii. 2011, coll. A. Rodríguez M. & S. Mireles C. 3 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Altas Cimas, Malaise trap, 17. vii – 28. viii. 1999, coll. S. Hernández A. 1 ♀ (UAT) Ocampo, 13. v. 1995, coll. S. Niño M. 1 ♀ (UAT) Ocampo, Ejido El Bejuco, 900 m, Malaise trap, 28. iii – 13. iv. 2016, coll. E. Ruíz-Cancino et al. Tula, Ejido Acahuales, 1400 m, oak-forest, Malaise trap, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J. M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 27. v – 11. vi. 2016 (1 ♂), 19. ii – 1. iii. 2017 (1 ♀). 1 ♀ (UAT) 44 km S of Cd. Victoria, matorral, Malaise trap, 18 – 25. xi. 2000, coll. D. R. Kasparyan. Veracruz: 1 ♀ (UAT) SW of Xalapa, park near Institute de Ecología, 19 ° 30.768 ’ N, 96 ° 56.349 ’ W, 1260 m, 17 – 18. ii. 2009, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 2 ♀, 1 ♂ (1 ♀ in UAT, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 12 – 14. iv. 2014. 1 ♂ (UAT) Xalapa, 26. x. 1995, coll. M. Molina. 1 ♂ (UAT) Tuxpan, Chacoaco, 9. xi. 1995, coll. R. Herrera. Michoacán: 2 ♀, 2 ♂ (UMSNH) Morelia, Cerro Punhuato, Tejocotera, 19 ° 41 ’ 871 ” N, 101 ° 08 ’ 313 ” W, 2130 m, Area de Eucaliptos, Yellow pan traps, 15. x. 2010, coll. Ana L. Escalante & Jiménez. Oaxaca: 1 ♀ (UNAM) Santiago Comaltepec, La Esperanza, 17.02661 ºN, 96.36950 ºW, 1600 m, Malaise trap, 1 – 10. vii. 2008, coll. A. Lopez García. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (EMEC) 5 km SE of Jitotol, 1671 m, 10. ix. 1981, coll. D. E & P. M. Breedlove. 1 ♀ (ZISP) 50 km ESE of Comitán, National Park Lagos de Montebello, 16.106551, - 91.705158, 1500 m, 8. viii. 2021, coll. A. I. Khalaim. GUATEMALA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Zacapa Department, 8 km N of San Lorenzo, 7 – 19. vii. 1986, coll. J. M. Campbell. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Guatemala Department, Fraijanes, Finca San Antonio, 1800 m, vi. 1987, coll. Mauger. 1 ♂ (AEIC) Quetzaltenango Department, Zunil, 2200 m, 7. ix. 1987, coll. M. J. Sharkey. COSTA RICA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Chirripó National Park, San Gerardo, 1400 m, 1. ix. 1986, coll. L. Masner. VENEZUELA. 15 ♀, 1 ♂ (AEIC) Yacambú, 1200 m, 7 – 13. v. 1981, coll. H. K. Townes.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Chiapas), Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Brazil. First record from Venezuela.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F145F26FF06F950FB9EF82C.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Apechthis zapoteca resembles a common vespid, Agelaia (= Stelopolybia) sp. near multipicta (Haliday) (Vespidae), of which it is probably a Müllerian mimic (Gauld 1991). Recorded as parasitoid of Leptophobia aripa (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in Guatemala (Gauld et al. 1998). Parasitoid of Sarsina violascens (Herrich- Schäffer) (Lymantriidae) in Brazil (Costa-Lima 1951; Townes & Townes 1966).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F135F27FF06FC0AFACDFF46.taxon	description	(Figs 5, 6)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F24FF06FA36FDBEFDCD.taxon	description	(Figs 16, 17)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F24FF06FA36FDBEFDCD.taxon	diagnosis	Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis gonzalezi differs from other species with pale mesothorax by its entirely black mesepimeron (Fig. 16) and almost impunctate tergites 1 – 3 (tergite 3 sometimes sparsely punctate).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F24FF06FA36FDBEFDCD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.taxon	description	(Figs 7 – 10, 18)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.taxon	diagnosis	Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis mexicana may easily be distinguished from all congeners by the colour pattern of hind leg (Fig. 8) and a short ovipositor sheath which is 1.1 – 1.3 × as long as first tergite or 0.65 – 0.85 × as long as hind tibia (Fig. 7). Similar short ovipositor is also known in two Holarctic species, I. curticauda (Kriechbaumer) and I. clavicornis (Thomson), and in the Nearctic I. fustiger Townes. In addition to the colour pattern of hind tibia, I. mexicana differs from I. curticauda by having a distinct median tooth on tarsal claws of fore leg (Fig. 18), and from I. clavicornis and I. fustiger by more slender antenna with subapical flagellomeres distinctly elongate, 1.4 – 1.5 × as long as broad (subquadrate in I. clavicornis and I. fustiger).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Male of this species is recorded here for the first time.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Jalisco: 24 ♀ (2 ♀ in AEIC, 2 ♀ in NHMUK, 2 ♀ in TAMU, 2 ♀ in UNAM, 9 ♀ in ZISP) 10 km S of Tequila, Volcán de Tequila, 20 ° 47.4 ’ N, 103 ° 51.0 ’ W, 2750 – 2850 m, 7. ii. 2009, coll. A. I. Khalaim. Querétaro: 1 ♀ (UAQ) Municipio Colón, 6 km NE of Los Trigos, Cerro El Zamorano Mt., 24. ii. 1997, coll. M. Gálvez et al. Morelos: 1 ♀ (UAT), 1 ♂ (CIUM) N of Cuernavaca, Chamilpa, 1850 m, 6. ix. 1988, coll. P. Galindo. 2 ♀, 5 ♂ (1 ♀ and 2 ♂ in CIUM, 1 ♀ and 3 ♂ in UAT) same locality, 7. viii. 1991, coll. G. Peña. 1 ♀ (CIUM) Parque Nacional El Tepozteco, Tepoztlán, 21. x. 1990, coll. G. Peña.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Jalisco, Querétaro, Morelos).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F105F2AFF06F8B4FB25FA33.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The holotype was reared from pupa of Coptocycla texana (Schaeffer) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Ehretia anacua (Teran & Berland) (Boraginaceae) in Tamaulipas (Kasparyan & Niño 2004).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1F5F2BFF06F9D7FDBEFCE7.taxon	description	(Fig. 19)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1F5F2BFF06F9D7FDBEFCE7.taxon	diagnosis	Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis multicolor may easily be distinguished from other species of Itoplectis occurring in Mexico by its brownish yellow mesosoma (Fig. 19).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1F5F2BFF06F9D7FDBEFCE7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FF25FDBEFA94.taxon	description	(Fig. 20)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FF25FDBEFA94.taxon	diagnosis	Comparative diagnosis. Itoplectis nigrithorax differs from its Neotropical congeners by the combination of completely black mesosoma, lack of submetapleural carina, and tarsal claws of fore leg with distinct basal tooth (Fig. 20).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FF25FDBEFA94.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Chiapas).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FD85FB0CFE60.taxon	description	(Figs 11 – 15)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FD85FB0CFE60.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (ZISP) 8 km NNE of Miquihuana, 2200 – 2300 m, 5. xi. 2013, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 1 ♀ (UAT) Miquihuana [Municipio], La Marcela, 2500 m, forest Pinus + Quercus, Malaise trap, 2. x – 2. xi. 2012, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J. Treviño C. Hidalgo: 7 ♀ (3 ♀ in UAT, 2 ♀ in UNAM, 2 ♀ in ZISP) 8 km N of Pachuca de Soto, National Park El Chico, 20 ° 11.4 ’ N, 98 ° 44.55 ’ W, 2800 – 2900 m, 18 – 22. xii. 2014, coll. A. I. Khalaim. Tlaxcala: 2 ♀ (UNAM) Nanacamilpa, Ejido Los Búfalos, 19 ° 28 ’ N, 98 ° 35 ’ W, bosque Pino-Encino, 2830 – 2900 m, Malaise trap, 4. iv – 2. vi. 2016, coll. Y. Márquez & A. Contreras. Oaxaca: 1 ♀ (UAT) Reserva El Triunfo, camino al Cipresal y Deslave, Malaise trap, 19. vii. 1997, coll. A. González H. 1 ♀ (TAMU) 3.2 mi. SW of La Cumbre, 18. vii. 1985, coll. J. Woolley & G. Zolnerowich. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 4 km W of San Cristóbal [de las Casas], Reserva Huitepec, 7800 ft. (= 2380 m), cloud forest, Malaise trap, “ XI- 25 - X- 5 ”. 1990, coll. R. W. Jones.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1C5F28FF06FD85FB0CFE60.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Michoacán, Hidalgo, Tlaxcala, Oaxaca, Chiapas).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F1B5F2FFF06FCD3FBB4FFE4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Uruguay.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F2DFF06FF25FC27F995.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is a South American species probably extending to Panama. Records of this species from Mexico (Ruíz-Cancino & Tejada 1986; Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002; Sánchez-García et al. 2015) actually belong to P. caeruleata.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F2DFF06FF25FC27F995.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South America.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F2DFF06FF25FC27F995.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Parasitoid of the moth Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), pest of cotton, at Tucumán, Argentina (Townes & Townes 1966: 24; Porter 1970 a: 62).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F32FF06FC8AFC01F9F7.taxon	description	(Figs 24 – 27)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F32FF06FC8AFC01F9F7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Nuevo León: 1 ♂ (UAT) Chipinque, 8. ix. 1981, coll. E. Ruíz C. 1 ♀ (UAT) Chipinque, Garza García, 22. vii. 1985, coll. S. Arrambide. 1 ♀ (UAT) Monterrey, 13. xi. 1987, coll. E. Ruíz C. 3 ♀, 2 ♂ (UAT) 30 km SE Monterrey, Santiago, La Cieneguilla, 10 – 11. iv. 2009, coll. E. Ruíz C. 1 ♀ (UAT) Raíces, Allende, 24. iii. 1987, coll. M. R. Cantú. Tamaulipas: SSW of Cd. Victoria, Rancho Santa Elena, 23 º 37.362 ’ N, 99 º 12.746 ’ W, 970 m, Malaise trap, 2010, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J. M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 19 – 26. iii (1 ♂), 6 – 23. iv (1 ♀, 1 ♂), 8 – 21. v (2 ♂), 12 – 21. vi (1 ♂). 1 ♂ (UAT) Cd. Victoria, 26. ii. 1989, coll. R. Thompson F., 1 ♂. Cd. Victoria, Cañón del Novillo, 850 – 900 m, 27. iii. 1988, coll. J. de León. 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 3. v. 1985, coll. A. del Valle. NW of Cd. Victoria, Los Troncones (park), coll. A. I. Khalaim (all in UAT): 27. ii. 2009 (1 ♂), 22. xii. 2009 (1 ♀, 2 ♂). 2 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 26. x and 20. xii. 2007, coll. E. Ruíz C. 1 ♂ (UAT) 15 km SSW of Cd. Victoria, El Madroño, 1400 – 1450 m, 27 – 31. xii. 2008, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 1 ♀ (UAT) same data but 29. x. 2013. 1 ♂ (UAT) 40 km S of Cd. Victoria, Tropico de Cancer, 9 – 16. xii. 2000, coll. D. R. Kasparyan. 1 ♂ (UAT) Hidalgo, 1. xii. 2007, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 44 km S of Cd. Victoria, Malaise trap, matorral, coll. D. R. Kasparyan (all in UAT): 19 – 26. viii. 2000 (1 ♀), 9 – 16. ix. 2000 (1 ♀), 7. x – 4. xi. 2000 (3 ♀, 2 ♂), 4 – 25. xi. 2000 (7 ♀, 15 ♂). Gómez Farías, Altas Cimas, Malaise trap, coll. D. R. Kasparyan (all in UAT): 12 – 19. viii. 2000 (1 ♀), 9 – 16. ix. 2000 (2 ♂), 21 – 28. x. 2000 (3 ♂), 4 – 23. xi. 2000 (3 ♂). Same locality and trap, coll. S. Hernández A. (all in UAT): 27. ii – 20. iii. 1999 (1 ♂), 17 – 24. iv. 1999 (1 ♀, 1 ♂). 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 1. xi. 1990, coll. H. Ruíz C. Gómez Farías, Los Cedros, Malaise trap, coll. S. Hernández A. (all in UAT): 28. xi – 26. xii. 1998 (2 ♀, 6 ♂), 26. xii. 1998 – 30. i. 1999 (2 ♀, 10 ♂), 30. i – 6. ii. 1999 (1 ♂), 13. ii – 6. iii. 1999 (1 ♀, 5 ♂), 20. iii – 3. iv. 1999 (9 ♂), 3. iv – 1. v. 1999 (1 ♀, 14 ♂), 15 – 22. v. 1999 (1 ♂). 2 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 24. i. 1999, coll. D. R. Kasparyan. 3 ♂ (UAT) Victoria — Soto La Marina, km 68, 9 – 31. iii. 1985, coll. E. & J. Ruíz C. 2 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 3. i. 1987, coll. E. & H. Ruíz C. 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 14. iv. 1987, coll. H. Ruíz C. 1 ♂ (UAT) Hidalgo, Río Blanco, 11. iii. 1995, coll. C. A. Covarrubias D. & S. Hernández A. Querétaro: 1 ♀ (UAQ) Jalpan de Serra, 14. x. 2013. Veracruz: 1 ♂ (UAT) SW of Xalapa, park near Institute de Ecología, 19 ° 30.768 ’ N, 96 ° 56.349 ’ W, 1260 m, 17 – 18. ii. 2009, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 1 ♀, 3 ♂ (1 ♀ and 2 ♂ in UAT, 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 12 – 14. iv. 2014. 1 ♀ (UNAM) Volcán San Andrés, selva, 1000 m, 29. v. 1951, coll. C. Bolivar. 1 ♂ (UNAM) San Andrés, Estación Biológica Los Tuxtlas, 250 m, Malaise trap, selva alta perennifolia, 14 – 28. v. 2014, coll. M. Madora. Oaxaca: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 15 mi. N of San Gabriel Mixtepec, Highway 131, 3850 ft. (= 1175 m), 11. vii. 1987, coll. R. Wharton. Tabasco: 1 ♂ (UAT) Centla, Frontera Frutales, 26. iii. 1997, coll. A. Martinez., C. A. Covarrubias D. & S. Niño M. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (EMEC) 16 km NW of El Jocote, 732 m, 25. x. 1976, coll. E. S. Ross. 1 ♀ (FSCA) 11.6 mi. N of Ocozocuautla, 3200 ft. (975 m), 10 – 13. vi. 1966, coll. G. E. Ball & D. R. Whitehead. 1 ♀, 2 ♂ (AEIC) 16 km NW of Ocozocoautla, Laguna Belgica, 13 – 14. vi. 1990, coll. H. & A. Howden. 1 ♂ (AEIC) National Park Lagos de Montebello, Laguna Pojoj, 1500 m, 2. vi. 1990, coll. H. & A. Howden, B. Gill. 1 ♀ (EMEC) Portugal, 7 mi. SE of Simojovel, 17. vii. 1958, coll. J. A. Chemsak. 1 ♂ (EMEC) NW of Ocosingo, 9. iii. 1953, coll. R. C. Bechtel & E. I. Schlinger. HONDURAS. 1 ♂ (AEIC) Francisco Morazán, 30 km E of Tegucigalpa, Cerro Uyuca, 1800 m, 27. v. 1994, coll. H. & A. Howden. 1 ♀ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, San Antonio de Oriente, Cerro Uyuca, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 29. v – 4. vi. 1990, coll. R. Cave.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F195F32FF06FC8AFC01F9F7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Querétaro, Veracruz, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Chiapas), Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica. First record from Honduras.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94.taxon	description	(Fig. 28)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Jalisco, La Huerta, Estación Biológica Chamela, Vereda Tejón, 600 m, Malaise trap, 7 – 10. iii. 2000, coll. M. A. Sarmiento, CIB 00 - 0071. Paratypes. MEXICO. Jalisco: 1 ♂ (UAT) same data as holotype. GUATEMALA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Zacapa, 8 km N of San Lorenzo, 7 – 19. vii. 1986, coll. J. M. Campbell.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94.taxon	description	Description. Female. Fore wing length 6.7 mm. Head in dorsal view with genae short, strongly constricted behind eyes. Frons concave, with distinct longitudinal median groove. Posterior ocellus separated from face eye by 0.65 × its own maximum diameter. Mandible apically strongly narrowed, with upper tooth much longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile convex in upper part and flat in lower part; in anterior view 1.6 × as broad as long, with lower margin distinctly concave. Malar space 0.65 × as long as basal mandibular width. Face with dense distinct punctures, smooth between punctures. Mesoscutum smooth, weakly shining, with very shallow inconspicuous punctures. Scutellum in pofile convex. Mesopleuron polished, with very fine punctures. Epicnemial carina reaching above level of centre of pronotum. Metapleuron convex, finely punctate in upper part and smooth in lower part. Submetapleural carina complete. Propodeum in profile evenly rounded, with numerous fine transverse wrinkles dorsally and laterally, more or less smooth posteriorly. Pleural carina complete. Fore wing with vein RS straigh, only curved distally. Vein 1 cu-a (nervulus) distinctly postfurcal; in the holotype separated from M & RS (basal vein) by 0.35 its own length. First tergite 1.2 × as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface centrally convex, the swelling angled at about 45 º. Tergites 2 – 4 dorsally with coarse and dense punctures (distance between punctures mostly shorter than one diameter of puncture), smooth and shining between punctures. Laterotergites 2 – 5 very narrow; second laterotergite about 0.15 × as broad as long. Ovipositor sheath as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor slightly decurved, its apex with about five oblique teeth on lower valve, and with a row of fine denticles laterally on each side of upper valve; lower valve not enclosing the upper. Predominantly black species (Fig. 28). Upper margin of pronotum with short white stripe posteriorly. Wings weakly infumate with yellow, pterostigma brown. Fore and mid femora, tibiae and tarsi brown to brownish black. Hind femur with reddish brown mark basally, and hind tibia slightly reddish brown subbasally on outer surface. Male. Similar to female but malar space somewhat shorter, tegula pale in anterior half, and fore and mid femora and tibiae extensively white marked on inner surface. Variation. Female from Guatemala is somewhat larger than the holotype, with the first tergite angled in posterior 0.7, ovipositor sheath 0.8 × as long as hind tibia, and fore femur and tibia extensively yellow marked.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, [Biological Station] Chamela.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F33FF06FF25FBC6FE94.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Jalisco), Guatemala. Comparison. Similar to the Central American P. sedula Cameron as both are almost entirely black (Fig. 28), but differs by the first tergite in profile weakly angulate (pyramidal in P. sedula), fore wing with vein 1 cu-a (nervulus) distinctly postfurcal, and face and second and following tergites distinctly punctate.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8.taxon	description	(Fig. 29)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The species was described from syntype female (s) and male (s) (Cresson 1974: 398); later the specimen under number “ 603 ” was designated as a lectotype, but its sex was not mentioned (Cresson 1916: 26); and only in 1966, Townes (Townes & Townes 1966: 25) recorded that the lectotype is female. Unfortunately, we could not confidently separate P. croceipes and P. molesta on the basis of morphological characters given by Veijalainen et al. (2011). Almost all examined Mexican specimens have subtegular ridge black or only dark reddish brown, fore coxa black or black and yellow, second tergite sparsely to closely punctate (in females), and transverse groove on the second tergite situated slightly behind its middle. Only one female from Lagos de Montebello, Chiapas, has subtegular ridge conspicuously yellow marked and fore coxa 50 × 50 yellow and black. All examined specimens from Mexico are considered here as P. croceipes (s. lato) but further investigation of this material is required. See also Remarks section under P. molesta.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Cd. Victoria, Cañón de la Libertad, 800 m, 13. xii. 1987, coll. R. Meza V. 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality and collector, 1000 m, 5. iii. 1988. 1 ♀ (UAT) 15 km SSW of Cd. Victoria, El Madroño, 16 – 18. xii. 2008, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 20. v. 1984, coll. H. Ruíz C. 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality and collector, 29. i. 1985. 4 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 23. xii. 1987, coll. H. & E. Ruíz C., S. Arrambide. 3 ♀, 2 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 1400 m, 20. i. 2000, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J. A. Martínez Ramirez. 1 ♀ (UAT) Tula, 1000 m, 7. xi. 2007, coll. E. Ruíz C. 2 ♀ (UAT) Tula, Ejido Acahuales, 1400 m, oak-forest, Malaise trap, 27. viii – 10. ix and 29. x – 12. xi. 2016, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J. M. Coronado B. 1 ♂ (UAT) Gómez Farías, v. 1992, coll. J. M. Coronado B. 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Altas Cimas, Malaise trap, 4 – 11. xi. 2000, coll. D. R. Kasparyan. 3 ♂ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Canindo, Malaise trap, 20 – 21. vii. 1994, coll. J. B. Wooley. 2 ♂ (UAT) same locality and collector, 28 – 30. vii. 1993. 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Río El Cielo, 3. iii. 1989, coll. R. Thompson. San Luis Potosí: 1 ♂ (UAT) Xilitla, Las Pozas (park), 21 – 23. xii. 2008, coll. A. I. Khalaim. Querétaro: 2 ♀ (UAQ) Jalpan de Serra, 4. x. 2013. 1 ♀ (UAQ) Pinal de Amoles, 2. x. 2013. Veracruz: 3 ♀, 6 ♂ (UAT) SW of Xalapa, park near Institute de Ecología, 19 ° 30.768 ’ N, 96 ° 56.349 ’, 1260 m, 17 – 18. ii. 2009, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 5 ♀, 4 ♂ (3 ♀ and 2 ♂ in UAT, 2 ♀ and 2 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 12 – 14. iv. 2014. 1 ♂ (EMEC) Fortín de las Flores, 25. xii. 1963, coll. C. A. Toschi & M. J. Tauber. Morelos: 1 ♀ (UAT) N of Cuernavaca, Chamilpa, 20. ix. 1991, coll. G. Peña. 1 ♀ (UAT) Tepoztlán, 18 ° 59 ’ 51 ” N, 99 ° 05 ’ 55 ” W, 1490 m, 5. iii. 2010, coll. E. Ruíz C. 2 ♀ (CIUM) Tlaquiltenango, 5 km W of Santiopa, 18.44701 ° N, 98.98758 ° W, 1005 m, 5. x. 2013, coll. J. A. Hernández et al. Oaxaca: 1 ♀, 2 ♂ (UNAM) Santiago Comaltepec, La Esperanza, N 17.02661 º, W 96.36950 º, 1600 m, Malaise trap, 1. vii – 12. viii. 2008, coll. A. Lopez García. 2 ♀ (UNAM) Santiago Comaltepec, N 17.58429 º, W 96.49398 º, 2332 m, 6. vi. 2009, coll. H. Clebsch & A. Zaldívar R. 3 ♂ (TAMU) 15.1 mi. N of San Gabriel Mixtepec, 3850 ft. (= 1175 m), Highway 131, 11. vii. 1987, coll. R. Wharton. Chiapas: 10 ♀ (UANL, UAT) Reserva El Triunfo, 15 km S of La Trinitaria, Palo Gordo, 20 – 22. vii. 1997, coll. A. González H. 1 ♀ (UAT) 50 km SSE of Comitán, National Park Lagos de Montebello, 16 ° 06.223 ’ N, 91 ° 44.072 ’ W, 1450 m, mixed forest with pines, 5 – 6. iii. 2013, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 1 ♂ (UAT) 50 km ESE of Comitán, National Park Lagos de Montebello, 16.106551, - 91.705158, 1500 m, 8. viii. 2021, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 1 ♀ (UAT) 40 km E of Comitán, National Park Lagos de Montebello, 16.132282, - 91.729243, 9. viii. 2021, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 1 ♂ (TAMU) Lagunas de Montebello [National Park], Laguna Cinco Lagos, 11. viii. 1990, coll. J. C. Schaffner. 1 ♂ (TAMU) Reserva El Triunfo, Sendero Palo Gordo, 6400 ft. (= 1950 m), screen sweep, 21. vii. 1977, coll. J. B. Woolley. 1 ♀, 4 ♂ (TAMU) Reserva El Triunfo, 6620 ft. (= 2020 m), 14 – 23. vii. 1997, coll. J. B. Woolley. 1 ♀ (TAMU) 4 km W of San Cristóbal [de las Casas], San Felipe, 2200 m, oak-grass woodlands, 24 – 28. viii. 1990, coll. R. W. Jones. 1 ♀ (TAMU) 4 km W of San Cristóbal [de las Casas], Reserva Huitepec, 7800 ft. (= 2380 m), cloud forest, Malaise trap, 5. x – 25. xi. 1990, coll. R. W. Jones. 2 ♀, 2 ♂ (TAMU) Municipio San Cristóbal, Reserva Huitepec, Malaise trap, 8 – 28. viii. 1990, coll. R. W. Jones. PANAMA. 1 ♂ (TAMU) Chiriquí Prov., Lagunas del Volcán, 5 km SW of Volcán, 8 ° 45 ’ 52 ” N, 82 ° 40 ’ 33 ” W, 4220 ft. (= 1285 m), 30. vii. 1999, coll. J. B. Woolley.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Veracruz, Morelos, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F075F31FF06F985FBBAFDE8.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Gauld (1991) noticed that the colour pattern of P. croceipes is the same as that of some very common sympatric species of Auplopus Spinola (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) and, in flight, P. croceipes may easily be confused with these species. Moreover, P. croceipes, as far as P. molesta, seems to share a mimicry pattern with a Lissonota species (Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) being involved in mimicry complexes characterized by black colouration with lower body parts being bright yellow (Veijalainen et al. 2011: 66).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F055F31FF06F96FFA84FC25.taxon	description	(Figs 30, 31)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F025F36FF06FA89FBB0FD88.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was described from a single male from Texas and has not been registered ever since. The female from Mexico almost exactly corresponds with the original description of this species except for wings which are rather strongly infumate with brown in the female from Mexico and hyaline in the type male, according to its original description.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F025F36FF06FA89FBB0FD88.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Michoacán: 1 ♀ (UAT) Morelia, Cerro Punhuato, 19 ° 41 ’ 924 ” N, 101 ° 08 ’ 272 ” W, 2110 m, Area de Fresnos, 11. ix. 2010, coll. Ana L. Escalante & Jiménez T. Amarillas.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F025F36FF06FA89FBB0FD88.taxon	distribution	Distribution. USA (Texas), Mexico (Michoacan). First record from Mexico.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F025F36FF06F8FEFA0DFCBE.taxon	description	(Figs 32 – 34)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F005F34FF06FC44FAD9FD23.taxon	description	(Fig. 35)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F005F34FF06FC44FAD9FD23.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This variation differs from typical specimens of P. ellopiae by characters given in the key above (couplet 15). Males are recognizable less easily than females as only coloration of hind tibia is found to work well for their separation, though small males of P. ellopiae var. sometimes have hind tibia paler, dirty dark reddish rather than reddish black. Pimpla ellopiae var. resembles the Costa Rican species P. hubendickae Gauld as both have reddish brown metasoma, predominantly black hind leg with dark red femur and sparsely punctate on smooth background tergites 2 – 5 in females, but differs from this species by its entirely black metapleuron and propodeum, and yellow marked mid leg.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F005F34FF06FC44FAD9FD23.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Rancho El Cielo, 2. xi. 1990, coll. H. Ruíz C. Guerrero: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 6.4 mi. SW of Filo de Caballo, 9000 ft. (= 2745 m), 8. vii. 1987, coll. R. Wharton. 1 ♂ (TAMU) 7 mi. SW of Filo de Caballo, 12. vii. 1985, coll. J. Woolley & G. Zolnerowich. Oaxaca: 2 ♀, 6 ♂ (TAMU) Llano de las Flores, 8900 ft. (= 2715 m), 17 – 19. vii. 1987, coll. R. Wharton. 5 ♂ (3 ♂ in UNAM, 2 ♂ in ZISP) Santiago Comaltepec, 17.58429 ºN, 96.49398 ºW, 2332 m, 6. vi. 2009, coll. H. Clebsch. 3 ♂ (UNAM) same data, but 17.57680 ºN, 96.50661 ºW, 2950 m, oak-pine forest, yellow pan traps, 16 – 20. vi. 2008. 10 ♂ (9 ♂ in UNAM, 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 17.58424 ºN, 96.49428 ºW, 2427 m, humid oak-pine forest, Malaise trap, 12 – 20. vi. 2007.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F005F34FF06F910FB8FFC51.taxon	description	(Figs 36, 37)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F015F3AFF06FA60FCB3F94C.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pimpla molesta was synonymized to P. croceipes by Cameron (1886) but recent molecular and morphological investigation (Veijalainen et al. 2011) demonstrated that actually these are two distinct species. The two species were separated by DNA barcoding and minor differences in morphology and colouration. Thus, many earlier records of P. croceipes actually may belong to P. molesta. Examined specimens from Guatemala, Honduras and Panama well correspond with P. molesta, but most Mexican specimens share characters of both species, and therefore all Mexican specimens are preliminarily treated here as P. croceipes. See also Remarks section under P. croceipes.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F015F3AFF06FA60FCB3F94C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. GUATEMALA. 1 ♂ (AEIC) San Jose Pinala, 1800 m, 2. viii. 1987, coll. M. J. Sharkey. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Sacatepequez, near Antigua, 1700 m, 23. xi. 1986, coll. M. J. Sharkey. HONDURAS. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Cerro Monserrat, 1800 m, 30. v. 1994, coll. H. & A. Howden. 2 ♀ (AEIC) Francisco Morazán, 30 km E of Tegucigalpa, Cerro Uyuca, 1800 m, 27. v. 1994, coll. H. & A. Howden. 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, Cerro Uyuca, El Zamorano, 1900 m, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 10 – 20. viii. 1992, coll. C. Porter & L. Stange. COSTA RICA. 1 ♀ (INHS) Puntarenas Prov., San Vito de Java, Las Cruces, 1200 m, Jardín Botánico, 5. viii. 1986, coll. M. E. Irwin. PANAMA. 1 ♀ (TAMU) Chiriquí Prov., Reserva La Fortuna, Estación Biológica, 4 – 8. viii. 1999, coll. A. Gillogly & J. Woolley.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F015F3AFF06FA60FCB3F94C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Guerrero), Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F015F3AFF06FA60FCB3F94C.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Pimpla molesta, as far as P. croceipes, seems to share a mimicry pattern with a Lissonota species (Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) being involved in mimicry complexes characterized by black colouration with lower body parts being bright yellow (Veijalainen et al. 2011: 66).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33.taxon	description	(Fig. 21)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Oaxaca, Cuilapam, nogal, Malaise trap, 26. iii. 2005, coll. J. M. Maldonado.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33.taxon	description	Description. Female. Fore wing length 9.4 mm. Head strongly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view. Posterior ocellus separated from eye by 0.6 × its own diameter. Mandible with upper tooth distinctly longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile proximally slightly convex, apically slightly concave; in front view 1.75 × as broad as long, with lower margin weakly concave. Malar space 0.6 × as long as basal mandibular width. Face convex, densely punctate (punctures sparse and weak ventrally, coarse and rather deep dorsally), more or less smooth between punctures, with longitudinally striate median prominence. Mesoscutum weakly shining, dull, with very fine and mostly indistinct punctures, rather densely pubescent. Scutellum weakly convex, almost smooth, with fine indistinct punctures. Mesopleuron with fine and even setiferous punctures, smooth and shining between punctures. Epicnemial carina reaching about the level of centre of pronotum. Metapleuron weakly convex, mostly with shallow indistinct punctures, smooth and impunctate anteroventrally, corrugate posteriorly. Submetapleural carina complete, anteriorly strongly raised, rounded. Pleural carina weak but complete. Propodeum dorsally and laterally with dense transverse wrinkles, posteriorly smooth, with dorsoposterior corners not swollen. Fore wing with vein RS almost straight, curved distally. Vein 1 cu-a (nervulus) distinctly postfurcal, distal to base of M & RS (basal vein) by 0.3 its own length. Discosubmarginal cell very sparsely hirsute, anteriorly glabrous. First tergite of metasoma short, about as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface convex behind middle. Tergite 1 dorsally polished in its basal 0.6, densely and coarsely punctate posteriorly but with posterior white end smooth. Tergites 2 – 5 densely and coarsely punctate reticulate but with posterior white end smooth, with weak and inconspicuous basolateral grooves. Tergite 6 finely coriaceous, dull, with shallow moderately dense punctures. Tergite 7 finely coriaceous, dull, with fine and sparse punctures. Laterotergites extremely narrow; laterotergite 5 about 0.25 × as broad as long. Ovipositor robust and straight, with fine subapical teeth ventrally, its sheath 0.85 × as long as hind tibia. Head with antenna, mandible and mouth parts black; lateral corners of clypeus reddish. Mesosoma black, pronotum white marked ventrally and with narrow white stripe on its dorsal margin, mesopleuron with subalar prominence apically whitish, scutellum with posterior 0.3 white, postscutellum entirely white. Tegula blackish, peripherally pale and with extreme posterior corner whitish. Wings slightly yellowish. Veins light brown to brown. Pterostigma brownish black with small white mark basally and brownish mark apically. All coxae and trochanters black; fore trochanter whitish on its anterior side, hind trochantellus reddish apically. All femora dark red, fore femur with inconspicuous orange markings, hind femur apically narrowly black. Fore and mid tibiae yellowish orange with infuscate marks on external surface. Hind tibia black, slightly reddish on its internal surface. Fore and mid tarsi reddish. Hind tarsus black, claws dark red to black. Metasoma black, tergites 1 – 4 with yellow posterior band, tergites 5 – 7 also yellow banded posteriorly but the bands becoming narrower on posterior tergites. Sternites mostly blackish, on margins and peripherally whitish. Ovipositor sheath black. Male. Unknown.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, State of Oaxaca.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0E5F3BFF06FD33FDEAFA33.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Oaxaca). Comparison. The new species differs from three other species with black tergites and with a pale band posteriorly (P. albomarginata, P. carlosi and P. xalapana) by the shorter malar space, shorter first tergite, black scape of antenna and mid and hind coxae.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0F5F3BFF06FE37FB02F9F6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Veracruz, Tabasco), El Salvador, Costa Rica, Brazil, Uruguay.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0C5F38FF06FF25FC35FA6A.taxon	description	(Figs 38, 39, 42)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F0B5F3FFF06FE20FB98F961.taxon	description	(Figs 40, 41, 43)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F085F3CFF06FD48FB84FF00.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Canindo, 21 – 22. vii. 1994, coll. J. B. Woolley. Michoacán: 1 ♀ (TAMU) 11.5 mi. (= 18.5 km) E of Morelia, 9. iv. 1990, coll. Ferreira & Schaffner.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F085F3CFF06FD48FB84FF00.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Michoacán), El Salvador, Costa Rica.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F085F3CFF06FB76FC54FE36.taxon	description	(Figs 44 – 49)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3.taxon	description	(Fig. 22)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Jalisco, 10 km S of Tequila, Volcán de Tequila, 20 ° 47.4 ’ N, 103 ° 51.0 ’ W, 2750 – 2850 m, 7. ii. 2009, coll. A. I. Khalaim. Paratypes. MEXICO. Tamaulipas: 1 ♀ (UAT) Palmillas, Ejido Llano de Azúa, 1620 m, Malaise trap, 5 – 18. ii. 2017, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J. M. Coronado B. Morelos: 1 ♀ (UAT) Tepoztlán, 2. ix. 1951, coll. C. Bolivar. HONDURAS. 1 ♀ (FSCA) El Paraíso, Yuscarón, Cerro Moncerrat, 25. v. 1993, coll. R. Ortega.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3.taxon	description	Description. Female. Fore wing length 8.8 mm. Head strongly and almost straightly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view. Posterior ocellus separated from eye by 0.6 × its own diameter. Mandible with upper tooth somewhat longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile proximally rather strongly convex, apically concave; in frontal view almost twice as broad as long, with lower margin weakly concave. Malar space 0.3 – 0.5 × as long as basal mandibular width. Face convex, densely and distinctly punctate (punctures shallower in lower part). Frons transversely striate medially, finely and densely punctate laterally. Mesoscutum weakly shining, with shallow dense punctures. Scutellum weakly convex, almost smooth, with shallow sparse punctures, smooth between punctures. Mesopleuron densely and evenly punctate, smooth and shining between punctures, punctures more sharp and deep dorsally and anteriorly. Epicnemial carina reaching about the level of centre of pronotum. Metapleuron weakly convex, with shallow dense punctures, smooth and shining between punctures, with very fine inconspicuous striae posteriorly. Submetapleural carina anteriorly strongly raised, rounded, posteriorly indistinct. Pleural carina mostly indistinct. Propodeum dorsally with very fine transverse striae, dull, dorsolaterally and laterally dull and uneven, with medium-sized indistinct punctures, posteriorly smooth and finely punctate; dorsoposterior corners not swollen. Fore wing with vein RS almost straight, weakly curved distally. Vein 1 cu-a (nervulus) antefurcal. Discosubmarginal cell moderately hirsute, with setae sparser proximally. First tergite of metasoma short, 0.9 × as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface convex in posterior 0.6, the summit of the swelling rather sharply angled at 130 °. Tergite 1 dorsally polished in basal 0.6, coarsely punctate reticulate posteriorly. Tergites 2 – 5 dorsally coarsely punctate reticulate with posterior margins narrowly smooth. Second tergite with weak and inconspicuous basolateral grooves, following tergites without basolateral grooves. Tergite 6 punctate reticulate anteriorly to densely punctate posteriorly. Tergite 7 densely punctate anteriorly, with scattered punctures posteriorly. Laterotergites extremely narrow, those of segments 4 and 5 about 0.2 × as broad as long. Ovipositor robust and straight, with distinct subapical teeth ventrally (all teeth subvertical), its sheath as long as hind tibia. Head with antenna, mandible and mouth parts black. Mesosoma and tegula black. Wings slightly infumate. Veins dark brown to brownish black. Pterostigma brownish black with small pale marks basally and apically. All coxae and trochanters black; fore trochanter white marked anteriorly. Fore femur and tibia dark red to blackish, white striped anteriorly. Fore and mid tarsi reddish brown, infuscate, the distal tarsomere apically blackish. Mid and hind femora dark red, mid femur anteriorly with small apical yellowish mark. Mid leg with tibia and tarsus reddish brown, slightly infuscate, tibia blackish on its anterior side, the distal tarsomere blackish. Hind tibia reddish brown, slightly infuscate, basally blackish. Hind tarsus and claws black. Metasoma dark red. Ovipositor sheath black. Male. Unknown. Variation. Female from Morelos is distinctly larger than the holotype, with fore wing 11.4 mm long, and is lighter, in particular it has tegula yellow in its anterior 0.4, pterostigma dark brown, hind leg with apical trochanter, mid and hind tibiae, and hind tarsomeres 1 – 3 entirely reddish brown.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the type locality [Volcán de] Tequila, and a traditional Mexican tipple.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F095F03FF06FB76FF4EF8F3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Tamaulipas, Jalisco, Morelos), Honduras. Comparison. The new species differs from its Central American and Mexican congeners with reddish brown metasoma by the combination of mesopleuron and metapleuron with shallow and dense punctures (without striae); short malar space; black coxae and reddish brown mid and hind femora; whitish marks on anterior surface of fore trochanter and on outer side of mid femur apically; and coarse longitudinally punctate-reticulate sculpture of tergites 2 – 5.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F00FF06FF25FC37FF73.taxon	description	(Figs 50 – 53)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F00FF06FF25FC37FF73.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MEXICO. Jalisco: 1 ♀ (UAT) 10 km S of Tequila, Volcán de Tequila, 20 ° 47.4 ’ N, 103 ° 51.0 ’ W, 2750 – 2850 m, 7. ii. 2009, coll. A. I. Khalaim. 2 ♂ (UANL, ZISP) La Huerta, Estación Biológica Chamela, Vereda Tejón, 600 m, Malaise trap, 7 – 10. iii. 2000, coll. M. A. Sarmiento. Hidalgo: 5 ♀ (2 ♀ in UAT, 1 ♀ in UNAM, 2 ♀ in ZISP) 8 km N of Pachuca de Soto, National Park El Chico, 20 ° 11.4 ’ N, 98 ° 44.55 ’ W, 2800 – 2900 m, 18 – 22. xii. 2014, coll. A. I. Khalaim. Tlaxcala: Nanacamilpa, Ejido Los Búfalos, 19 ° 28 ’ N, 98 ° 35 ’ W, bosque Pino-Encino, 2830 – 2900 m, Malaise trap, coll. Y. Márquez & A. Contreras: 1 ♀ (ZISP) 3 – 30. vi. 2016, 5 ♀ (UNAM) 30. vi – 1. viii. 2016, 1 ♀ (UNAM) 1 – 26. viii. 2016. D. F.: 1 ♀ (EMEC) Desierto de los Leones, 7. vii. 1962, coll. D. H. Janzen. Morelos: 1 ♂ (UNAM) 2 km NW of Huitzilac, 2750 m, 18. vii. 1984, coll. J. Butze & G. Ayzare. Guerrero: 2 ♀ (TAMU) 6.6 mi. SW of Filo de Caballo, 12. vii. 1985, Jones & Schaffner. Chiapas: 1 ♂ (UANL) Cerro El Huitepec, 16 ° 46 ’ 06 ” N, 92 ° 41 ’ 04 ” W, 2. viii. 1997, coll. A. Gonzáles H. GUATEMALA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Guatemala Department, near Antigua, Sacatepequez, 1700 m, 23. xi. 1986, coll. M. J. Sharkey. HONDURAS. 1 ♂ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, San Antonio de Oriente, Cerro Uyuca, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 29. v – 4. vi. 1990, coll. R. Cave. 1 ♂ (FSCA) Francisco Morazán, Cerro Uyuca, El Zamorano, 1900 m, cloud forest, Malaise trap, 10 – 20. viii. 1992, coll. L. Stange & C. Porter.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F00FF06FF25FC37FF73.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Jalisco, Hidalgo, Tlaxcala, D. F., Morelos, Guerrero, Chiapas), Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Costa Rica. First records from Guatemala and Honduras.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7.taxon	description	(Figs 23, 54 – 57)	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype female (UAT), Mexico, Veracruz, SW of Xalapa, park near Institute de Ecología, 19 ° 30.768 ’ N, 96 ° 56.349 ’ W, 1260 m, 17 – 18. ii. 2009, coll. A. I. Khalaim. Paratypes. MEXICO. Veracruz: 3 ♀, 3 ♂ (1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in NHMUK, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in UNAM, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data as holotype, but 22 – 24. iv. 2014. HONDURAS. 1 ♂ (AEIC) 30 km E of Tegucigalpa, Francisco Morazán, Cerro Uyuca, 1800 m, 27. v. 1994, coll. H. & A. Howden.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7.taxon	description	Description. Female (Holotype). Fore wing length 8.2 mm. Head strongly and almost straightly narrowed behind eyes in dorsal view. Posterior ocellus separated from eye by 0.7 × its own diameter. Mandible with upper tooth distinctly longer than the lower tooth. Clypeus in profile proximally distinctly convex, apically distinctly concave; in anterior view 1.6 × as broad as long, with lower margin distinctly concave (Fig. 54). Malar space as long as basal mandibular width. Face convex, moderately densely punctate (punctures shallow), more or less smooth between punctures. Mesoscutum rather densely punctate (punctures shallow), posteriorly coriaceous, weakly shining. Scutellum rather strongly convex, smooth, with fine punctures. Mesopleuron with shallow and moderately dense punctures, weakly shining, posterodorsally smooth. Epicnemial carina reaching above the level of lower corner of pronotum (Fig. 56). Metapleuron strongly convex, finely striate centrally, with shallow punctures peripherally. Submetapleural carina complete and extending back to almost insertion of mid coxa, anteriorly strongly raised, rounded. Pleural carina weak, posteriorly indistinct. Propodeum dorsally with transverse parallel rugae, laterally very finely transversely striate and dull, posteriorly smooth. Dorsoposterior corners swollen and form conspicuous rounded apophyses. Fore wing with vein RS almost straight, weakly curved distally. Vein 1 cu-a (nervulus) strongly postfurcal, distal to base of M & RS (basal vein) by half its own length. Discosubmarginal cell moderately hirsute. First tergite of metasoma 1.35 × as long as posteriorly broad, in lateral view with dorsal surface roundly convex centrally, the summit of the swelling angled at about 130 °. Tergite 1 with posterior end smooth, dorsally with impressed arcuate transverse groove in posterior 0.7 on the margin between yellow and black. Sternite 1 with rounded swelling at base. Second tergite very shallowly granulate, dull, with fine scattered punctures basally, with deep oblique grooves anterolaterally, and weak arcuate groove on the margin between yellow and black (Fig. 55). Tergites 3 + similar, but almost impunctate and with grooves becoming weaker, vanishing on posterior tergites. Laterotergites extremely narrow, virtually absent. Ovipositor thin, very weakly upcurved, its sheath almost half as long as hind tibia. Head yellow with malar space narrowly black, blackish narrow longitudinal blackish stripe on face, frons with broad median black band through ocelli to vertex, posterior 2 / 3 of vertex, genae dorsoposteriorly and entire occiput black. Mouth parts yellow. Clypeus yellow in its upper 0.6, brownish in lower 0.4; clypeal sulcus brownish (Fig. 54). Mandible yellow, teeth blackish. Antenna with scape entirely yellow, pedicel and flagellum brown. Mesosoma black with extensive yellow markings (Figs 23, 56). Prothorax yellow, pronotum black marked posteriorly. Mesoscutum black with a pair of yellow subparallel longitudinal marks extending from anterolateral margins of mesoscutum to 0.85 its length, and narrow inconspicuous yellowish marks along lateral margin of mesoscutum at about level of tegulae. Mesopleuron with broad median mark extending from its anterior margin to posterior corner, and yellow subalar prominence. Scutellum yellow with posterior margin narrowly black. Postscutellum yellow. Mesepimeron bright yellow. Metapleuron black with large semicircular yellow mark dorsally. Propodeum yellow with large black marks anterolaterally, dorsally and posteriorly. Tegula brownish with extreme posterior corner yellow. Wings slightly yellowish. Veins brown to dark brown. Pterostigma dark brown, with broad median pale brown mark extending from base to apex. Fore leg with coxa, trochanter, trochantellus and tibia yellow, femur brownish with yellowish inner side, tarsus yellowish with the apical tarsomere infuscate. Mid leg with coxa yellow with black dorsal mark at apex, trochanter and trochantellus yellow, femur brownish, tibia mostly yellow with base and apex brownish, tarsus yellowish brown with the distal tarsomere apically blackish. Hind leg with coxa yellow with large black dorsal mark at apex, its apical half brownish laterally and ventrally, trochanter and trochantellus yellow (trochantellus apically reddish), femur reddish brown with black mark apically and with yellowish stripe on anterodorsal surface, tibia yellow with narrow basal and broad apical black marks, tibial spurs brown, tarsus (including claws) entirely black. First tergite black with broad yellow band on its posterior 1 / 3. Tergites 2 – 7 also yellow banded posteriorly, the bands rather broad on tergites 2 – 3 and becoming narrower on posterior tergites (Fig. 55). Ovipositor sheath black. Male. Similar to female.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after the type-locality, Xalapa.	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
B15113588F345F06FF06FBE1FD51F9F7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mexico (Veracruz), Honduras. Comparison. The new species is similar to P. carlosi Gauld et al. by having tergites 2 – 7 black with narrow pale posterior band, and short unusually thin ovipositor, but differs from this species by much more extensively yellow marked head, mesosoma and legs (Figs 23, 54 – 57).	en	Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique (2021): Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius. Zootaxa 5071 (4): 451-491, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1
