taxonID	type	description	language	source
A573A2144B52FF9F589CF799FB24FD97.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Xizang: Medog County, Beibeng Xiang, at the forest edge, 29 ° 14 ′ 30 ″ N, 95 ° 09 ′ 32 ″ E, elev. ca. 800 m, 2 July 2013, Yu-Shi Ye 5644 (holotype: IBSC!) Diagnosis: — Amomum xizangense is similar to A. maximum and A. subcapitatum, but differs in having purple-red leaf sheath, purple-red or reddish-green petiole, lamina with purple-red midvein, persistent bracts and bracteoles, yellowish-white calyx, yellowish corolla, yellow anther with trilobed and yellow anther crest and globose fruit. Herb 1.5 – 3 m tall, clump-forming, with 5 – 20 pseudostems (leafy shoots) per clump. Rhizome 3.5 – 5.0 cm in diameter, outside green, inside (cross section) white; stilt roots absent; interval between pseudostems 2 – 10 cm long; scales broadly ovate, initially dark red, brown when old, coriaceous, striate, outer surface densely pubescent, apex acute, margin ciliate. Pseudostem with 5 – 11 leaves, base slightly swollen, 3.0 – 4.5 cm in diameter, becoming slightly smaller towards apex; leaf sheaths purple-red, outer surface striate, shiny, tomentellous, margin membranous; ligule ovate or narrowly ovate, apex bifid, 1 – 1.8 × 0.8 – 1.0 cm, light red, old brown, coriaceous, densely pubescent; petiole stout, canaliculate, 2.5 – 13 × 0.8 – 1.0 cm, purple-red or reddish green, striate, shiny, pubescent; lamina oblong to elliptic or oblanceolate, 75 – 130 × 11 – 22 cm, adaxially green, glabrous, shiny, abaxially densely silvery sericeous, base attenuate, apex acuminate, midvein prominent below, purple-red. Inflorescence arising from base, 2 – 4 per pseudostem; peduncle 1 – 6 cm long; scales triangular to broadly ovate, 0.8 – 2 × 2.5 – 3.1 cm, initially red, brown when old, striate, tomentellous; spikes ovoid to ellipsoid, 4.0 – 5.5 × 3 – 4 cm; sterile bracts ovate, 4 – 4.5 × 2.8 – 3.5 cm, initially red, brown when old, coriaceous, outside densely yellow brown tomentellous, margin ciliate, apex cucullate, base narrowed, persistent; fertile bracts each subtending two flowers, ovate or narrowly ovate, papery, 4 – 4.8 × 1.8 – 3.1 cm, light red, outside densely white tomentellous, glabrous inside, apex acute, base narrowed, margin ciliolate, persistent; bracteoles oblonglanceolate, usually half-folded, enclosing flowers, thin papery or nearly membranous, 3 – 3.5 × 1.0 – 1.3 cm, rose pink at apex, white at base, with longitudinal stripes, outside densely tomentellous, glabrous inside, apex acute, persistent. Flower 6 – 7 cm long, yellow; pedicels 0.5 – 1.0 × 0.2 – 0.3 cm, pale yellow or light pink, densely pubescent; calyx tubular, 2.5 – 3.0 × 0.5 – 0.7 cm, yellowish white, outer surface densely pubescent, 3 - toothed, teeth apiculate at apex; floral tube 0.2 – 2.2 × 0.3 – 0.5 cm, yellowish white, coriaceous, densely tomentellous; dorsal corolla lobe oblong, 3.0 – 3.2 × 0.8 – 1.0 cm, yellowish, membranous, with translucent longitudinal stripes, outside pubescent, glabrous inside, apex apiculate; lateral corolla lobes narrowly obovate, 2.2 – 2.6 × 0.5 – 0.7 cm, yellowish, membranous, with translucent longitudinal stripes, outside pubescent, glabrous inside, apex cucullate; lateral staminodes subulate, 1.5 – 2.5 × 1.0 – 1.5 mm, red at base, yellowish distally, with short glandular hairs, apex acute or 2 - lobed; labellum narrowly obovate, 2.2 – 2.7 × 0.8 – 1.6 cm, yellow, glabrous, midvein thickened and each side with 1 red stripe, sometimes with sparse red spots, margin crisped; filament flattened, 7.0 – 8.0 × 2.5 – 3.0 mm, yellow or yellowish white, with short glandular hairs; anther oblong, 1.3 – 1.5 × 0.2 – 0.3 cm, yellow, glabrous; anther crest trilobed, 3.0 – 3.5 × 8.0 – 9.0 mm, yellow, glabrous; style filiform, white, glabrous; stigma calathiform, yellowish white, glabrous; ovary elliptic, trilocular with shallow edges, 0.6 – 0.7 × 0.3 cm, purple-red, densely pubescent; epigynous glands two, oblong, 4.0 – 5.0 × 1.5 mm, light olive brown, glabrous. Fruit globose, 9 - winged, 1.4 – 2.5 × 1.5 – 2.2 cm, purple-red, densely pubescent, apex with persistent calyx, wings crisped; seeds with edges and corners, ca. 2 × 3.5 mm, brown, arillate white.	en	Fu, Lin, Huang, Jian-Ping, Wu, Xing, Du, Zhi-Jian, Lin, Ling, Ye, Yu-Shi (2021): Amomum xizangense (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Xizang, China. Phytotaxa 525 (3): 232-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.525.3.5
A573A2144B52FF9F589CF799FB24FD97.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet refers to its locality, Xizang Autonomous Region in China.	en	Fu, Lin, Huang, Jian-Ping, Wu, Xing, Du, Zhi-Jian, Lin, Ling, Ye, Yu-Shi (2021): Amomum xizangense (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Xizang, China. Phytotaxa 525 (3): 232-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.525.3.5
A573A2144B52FF9F589CF799FB24FD97.taxon	distribution	Distribution and preliminary IUCN assessment: — Amomum xizangense is endemic to Xizang, China. It is known only from 3 localities including the type locality. Its habitat is declining due to various activities such as deforestation and road building. Therefore, we propose to treat this species under ‘ Endangered’ (EN) category (B 1 ab (iii )) according to the IUCN (2020) guidelines. Chinese name: — Ḇķj 蔻 (mò tuō dòu kòu) Additional material examined (paratypes): — CHINA. Xizang, Medog County: Beibeng Xiang, in forest, elev. ca. 830 m, 10 August 1974, Qinghai - Tibet Expedition 1700 (KUN 0424111); Beibeng Xiang, Jiangxin Cun, in forest edge, elev. ca. 900 m, 8 July 1980, Eco-plateau Group 11020 (PE 01376860); Nigulong, by the stream under the forest, elev. ca. 900 m, 30 January 1983, Bo-Sheng Li & Shu-Zhi Cheng 03552 (PE 01376861, 01376862); Beibeng Xiang, in slope, elev. ca. 1000 m, 10 October 1992, Hang Sun et al. (ETM) 0312 (KUN 0424112, 0424113).	en	Fu, Lin, Huang, Jian-Ping, Wu, Xing, Du, Zhi-Jian, Lin, Ling, Ye, Yu-Shi (2021): Amomum xizangense (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Xizang, China. Phytotaxa 525 (3): 232-236, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.525.3.5
