taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D0878DFFE95006FFF9FB25FA207C3A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Crumenaria decumbens Mart.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95006FFF9FB25FA207C3A.taxon	description	Annual or perennial herbs, leafy or almost leafless; leaves alternate, with stipules. Inflorescence a 1 - 14 flowered umbel, terminal or axilar. Flowers pedicellated, with campanulate or turbinate-campanulate floral tube. Calix with 5 sepals triangular, erect. Petals 5, cucullate, clawed, erect. Disc absent. Stamens opposite and hidden within the petals, with thread-like filaments with curved apex, anthers dorsifixed, cordate, obtuse, with 2 loculi, and lateral-longitudinal dehiscence. Ovary inferior, obconic, trilocular, with solitary ovules in each loculus; style included or exserted, 3 - toothed or divided in three branches; stigma obtuse. Fruit 3 - seeded schizocarps, with winged membranous diaspores. Seeds obovate, dorsally convex, ventrally angled, tegument corneous, lustrous, endosperm thin, cotyledons elliptic, compressed, radicle very short.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 - 3).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: BRAZIL. Piauí: Oeiras, Ilha, s. coll., s. d., (holo-: M [M 0147083] digital image!).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: Ceará: Cedro, VI. 1933, Luetzelburg 25788 (holo-: M, digital image!) syn. nov.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: Jutiapa: plains and swampy ground along railroad between Agua Blanca and Amatillo, 950 -, 24. X. 1939, Steyermark 30448 (holo-: F [F 0068132 F], digital image!; iso-: NY [NY 00233279]!) syn. nov.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	description	Slender annual leafy herb up to 30 (- 50) cm, with thin roots. Stems erect or decumbent, subangled, striate, ca. diam., much ramified, with sparse, appressed hairs. Leaves membranous; stipules linear-elliptic, 1 - long, apex acute, margin ciliate; petiole glaber or pubescent 2 -; blade ovate, elliptic ovate, or subtriangular, 1 - × 1 -, margin entire, subcrenate, or with minute teeth, ciliate, base cordate, apex somewhat obtuse or acuminate, mucronate, 3 (- 5) - nerved at the base, adaxial surface glaber, abaxial surface with appressed hairs on the nerves. Inflorescences axillary, 1 - 2 flowered; peduncles 6 - 20 mm, glaber. Flowers white; pedicels 1 -, glabrous or pubescent, receptacle with long, thin, rigid appressed hairs; floral tube turbinate-campanulate, 1 - long, glaber; sepals 0.8 - long; petals 0.6 - long; stamens with filaments 0.3 - long and anthers long; style single or divided. Fruit 4 - long × broad, surface with sparse hairs, apex scarcely emarginate, margin ciliate. Iconography. – MARTIUS (1826 - 1827): tab. 160 and Figure 3.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. – Crumenaria decumbens has been collected in Bolivia (JØRGENSEN & al., 2013), Brazil (TORTOSA, 2008; de LIMA, 2010), Guatemala (STANDLEY & STEYERMARK, 1949), and Honduras (MOLINA, 1975), in sandy or rocky soils, in margin of subhumit forests, and as a weed in cornfields and roadsides, at elevation from 300 to 900 m.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology. – Crumenaria decumbens flowers from August to May.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – The name of C. decumbens is taken from its decumbent habit.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	discussion	Discussion. – Crumenaria decumbens is a quite distinct slender annual herb, different from the other species of the genus, which are perennial. Its roots smell like menthol (Abbott 16283 and Abbott & Mostacedo 16078). Crumenaria diffusa and C. steyermarkii match all the diagnostic characters of C. decumbens, although the stems are more erect in the type of C. diffusa and leaves are slightly wider in that of C. steyermarkii.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFE95005FCA3FD1FFAF97B05.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. – BOLIVIA. SantaCruz: Chiquitos, Roboré, E of Roboré River and N of Avenida del Ejército and railroad track, 4. II. 1995, Abbott & Mostacedo 16078 (BAA, NY). Ñuflo de Chavez: Lomerio, ca. south of Concepción to Las Trancas community, then ca. to north on access “ road ”, 21. II. 1995, Abbott 16283 (MO, digital image); camino de Concepción a San Antonio de Lomerio, a SE de Concepción, 23. I. 2004, Silis Neffa & al. 1177 (CTES). BRAZIL. Bahia: Barreiras, valley of the Rio das Ondas, ca. W of Barreiras, Rio das Ondas, 6. III. 1971, Irwin & al. 31660 (NY). Piauí: no date, Gardner 2314 (NY). Rio de Janeiro: Serra da Estrela, 1836 - 1841, Gardner 2314 (NY). Rio Grande do Norte: pau dos Ferros, sítio Boi Morto, 17. V. 1984, Sarmento & Santino de Asis 765 (NY). GUATEMALA. Jutiapa: vicinity of Jutiapa, ca., 24. X- 5. XI. 1940, Standley 75343 (MO, NY); vicinity of Jutiapa, ca., 24. X- 5. XI. 1940, Standley 75047 (NY). Zacapa: near the electric plant of Río Hondo, base of Sierra de las Minas, 11. X. 1940, Standley 73976 (NY). HONDURAS. Francisco Morazán: on rocky roadside hill of Támara Valley, vicinity of Río del Hombre, 28. IX. 1969, Molina R. & Molina 24543 (MO, NY); vicinity of El Zamorano, 780 -, 3 - 17. VIII. 1947, Standley 12066 (NY, PH); along río Caparroza, above El Zamorano, IX-X. 1948, Standley 12795 (NY).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	description	(Fig. 1, 4).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	materials_examined	Lectotypus (designated here): BRAZIL. Minas Geráis: Rio J. Pohl s. n. (BR [BR 0000005296026] digital image!; iso-: BR [BR 0000005295937] digital image!).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	materials_examined	Lectotypus (designated here): BRAZIL. Minas Geráis: Serro do Frio, Martius s. n. (M [M 01470 84] digital image!) (synonymized by SUESSENGUTH, 1939).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	materials_examined	Lectotypus (designated here): Brazil: no date, Sellow s. n. (US, [US 00094533] digital image!) syn. nov.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: PARAGUAY. Cordillera: in valle fluminis Y-acá in campis pr. Valenzuela, I. 1900, Hassler 6937 (holo-: G [G 00228941]!) (synonymized by TORTOSA, 2008).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: Amambay: Sierra de Amambay in campis arenosis Esperanza, IX. 1907 - 1908, Hassler & Rojas 10637 (holo-: G [G 002 28939]!) (synonymized by TORTOSA, 2008).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	description	Perennial, almost leafless herb, 30 -, with a ligneous rhizome, ca. diam. Stems erect, terete and striate, or subangled, 0.1 - diam., much ramified at the base, glaber or with short hairs. Leaves scale-like or linear-elliptic, lesser than long, with stipules linear, briefly petiolate, blade 1 - 3 - nerved, margin entire, glaber or with long sparce hairs on both surfaces. Inflorescences terminal, ramified, each branch 2 -, ending in a 2 - 14 flowered umbel. Flowers white, with pedicels 3 -, glaber or scarcely pubescent; receptacle glaber or loosely hirsute; floral tube campanulate, 2 - long, glaber; sepals 0.7 - long; petals ca. long; stamens with filaments long and anthers long; style long, divided at the apex. Fruit 6 - long × 5.5 - broad, reticulate, glaber. Iconography. – REISSEK (1861): tab. 41 and Figure 4.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. – Crumenaria erecta has been collected in the south of Brazil and east of Paraguay (TORTOSA, 2008; de LIMA, 2010; CUSATO & TORTOSA, 2013), at elevations from 500 to 1300 m. Phenology. – Crumenaria erecta flowers from August to May.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – The specific epithet of C. erecta is taken from its erect habit.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	discussion	Discussion. – The priority of C. erecta and the treatment of some Paraguayan taxa by HASSLER (1915) are discussed by TORTOSA & al. (2013). Crumenaria erecta differs from the other species of the genus by its almost leafless habit. Some specimens of this species show fasciation in the stems; C. choretroides was based on two of such gatherings (see also Glaziou 20850, Hassler 10637, Irwin 7944, and Weddell s. n.). We choose as lectoype of C. erecta one of the specimens at BR, which matches the protologue, and for C. choretroides the syntype from Serro de Frio at M which is representative of this taxon. In the case of C. polygaloides, the type specimen at B (negative at F [barcode] F 0 BN 005862 digital image!) was destroyed during World War II, so we choose as lectotype the isotype at US. REISSEK (1861) differentiated C. erecta, C. choretroides, and C. polygaloides by the pubescence (glaber or pubescent) and the section (terete, compresed, or fasciated) of stems, the size of leaves, and the number of flowers of the inflorescences, all characters variable within this taxon.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFEA5004FCD4FAE1FAE17940.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. – BRAZIL: s. l., Glaziou 20850, [sub nom. Crumenaria angulata URBAN (C, photo NY!). Brazil Central, no date, Weddell s. n. (NY). Distrito Federal: Margem de estrada, terra entre Escola Fazendária e Paranoá, 26. VIII. 1980, Heringer & al. 5358 (NY); Brasilia, Hôrto do Guará, 10. V. 1960, Heringer 8641 / 835 (NY); Brasilia (Torre de Microondas-Sul), 25. IX. 1980, Heringer 17912 (NY); Brasilia, Trevo de Unaí, 14. X. 1980, Heringer & Salles 17931 (NY); Chapada da Contagem. 4. IX. 1965, Irwin & al. 7944 (NY); limit Parque do Gama and Goiás, 15. X. 1963, Maguire & al. 57079 (NY); Fazenda Agua Limpa, University of Brasilia, field station, near Vargem Bonita c. SSW of Brasilia, TV tower, 1. XI. 1978, Ratter & al. R. 4238 (NY). Goiás: Mun. Alto Paraíso, 26. IX. 1995, Fonseca & Neto 572 (BAA). Rio San Francisco, Garder 3422 (BR [5295609]!; K [531971]!); Mun. Cristalina, Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros, 14. VIII. 1980, Hatschbach 43105 (CTES); Luziânia, rodovia para Brasilia, 6. X. 1980, Heringer 17891 (NY); ca. E of Caiapônia on road to Jataí, serra do Caiapó, 18. X. 1964, Irwin & Soderstrom 6985 (NY). Mato Grosso: R 10, c. SW of Base Camp, 20. IX. 1968, Harley & Souza 10171 (NY); ca. N of Xavantina, 9. X. 1964, Irwin & Soderstrom 6702 (NY); Chapada Guimaraes, vicinity big waterfall Veu das Noivas, 24. IX. 1988, Kral & al. 75058 (NY); Mato Grosso, July 1892, Kuntze s. n. (NY); Serra da Saudade, camp beyond Alto Araguaia, Brasilia-Acre Highway, 26. VIII. 1963, Maguire & al. 56349 (NY); just above Veu da Noiva, 16. X. 1963, Prance & al. 19069 (NY); campo at S end of R 11, Base Camp Square, 6. VIII. 1968, Richards 6606 (NY). Mato Grosso do Sul: Mun. Ponta Pora, by the bridge on the R. Santa Maria, 25. X. 1986, Pedersen 14734 (CTES). Minas Geráis: Paraopeba, 25. XI. 1965, Goodland 202 (NY); Serra do Espinhaço, ca. N. E. of Francisco Sá, on road to Salinas, 10. II. 1969, Irwin & al. 23024 (NY); Gouveia, Fazenda do Sr. Everaldo, estrada para o Garimpo, 11. IX. 1986, de Menezes & al. SPF 44 792 (NY); Diamantina, Barão, upper slopes Serra de Capão, 21. V. 1931, Mexia 5877 (NY, PH); Uberaba, 28. X. 1848, Regnell III. 383 (NY); Mun. Ituintal, 16. X. 1949, Smith s. n. (NY); Lagoa Santa, s. d., Warming s. n. (NY). Paraná: parque Vila Velha, 27. X. 1989, Cervi & Hatschbach 2926 (NY); Rio Tibagi, 5. XI. 1964, Dombrowski 833 (CTES); 11. X. 1976, Dombrowski 6320 (CTES); Desvío Ribas, 29. XI. 1910, Dusén 10866 (NY, PH, SI); Mun. Senges, Serra do Mocambo, 19. IX. 1975, Hatschbach 37224 (CTES, NY); Ponta Grossa, Villa Velha, 3. XI. 1928, Hoehne 23349 (CTES, SI, NY); 9. VIII. 1962, Moreira 302 (CTES); Palmeira, Recanto dos Papagaios, 28. X. 1996, Ribas & da Luz 1569 (NY). São Paulo: Itapetininga, NE da Vila Alabert em linha reta, km 145 da estrada Sã o Paulo-Itapetininga (S. P. 4), 2. X. 1959, de Campos 73 (NY); Moji-Guaçu, Campos das Sete Lagôas, fazenda Campininha, just N of rio Moji-Guaçu, NNE of Padua Sales, about NW of city of Moji-Mirim, 22. IX. 1969, Eiten & Eiten 2370 (NY); NNE of Padua Sales, about NW of city of Moji-Mirim, 22. IX. 1960, Eiten & Eiten 2374 (NY); Moji-Guaçu, fazenda Campininha, 3. X. 1977, Jung-Mendacolli & al. 65 (NY).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	description	(Fig. 1, 5).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	materials_examined	Lectotypus (designated here): BRAZIL. Goiás: inter Cabeceiras do Rio Sambambaia et Le Pouzo de Barbatimao, Glaziou 20848 (BR [BR 0000005314171] digital image!; iso-: K [K 000531970] digital image!, R [R 000074467] digital image!, S [S-R- 9570] digital image!).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	description	Perennial herb, 10 -, with rizhome and xylopodium. Stems spreading, terete, striate, 0.5 - diam., with short hairs. Leaves with stipules elliptic; 3 - long; petiole 1.5 - long; blade broadly elliptic or elliptic, 1 - 2.5 × 0.5 -, margin entire, apex apiculate, adaxial surface glaber, abaxial surface glaber or with appressed hairs on the nerves. Inflorescences axillary, 4 - 8 - flowered, peduncles 3.5 - long. Flowers white, with pedicels 1 -, pubescent; receptacle with rigid appressed hairs. Floral tube campanulate, long, glaber; sepals ca. long; petals ca. long; stamens with filaments long and anthers long; style ca. divided at the apex. Fruit not seen.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. – Crumenaria glaziovii grows in grazing areas of the states of Goiás and Minas Geráis of Brazil (de LIMA, 2010), at elevations from 600 to 1050 m.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology. – Crumenaria glaziovii flowers in October and November.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – Crumenaria glaziovii was named in honor of Auguste François Marie Glaziou (1828 - 1906), a French botanist and landscape designer, who collected the type specimen.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	discussion	Discussion. – Crumenaria glaziovii is related to C. decumbens with which it shares axillary inflorescences and slender stems, but differs in its perennial habit. The holotype at B (negative at F [barcode] F 0 BN 005861 digital image!) was destroyed during World War II; we choose the isotype at BR as lectotype which matches the diagnostic characters.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED5002FFF8FEA3FD147850.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. – BRAZIL. Goiás: Chapada dos Veadeiros, ca. N. W. of Veadeiros, road to Cavalcante, 22. X. 1965, Irwin & al. 9478 (NY). Minas Geráis: Sacramento, Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra, estrada São Roque de Minas - Sacramento, da Portaria de São Roque de Minas, 7. XI. 2002, Pontes & al. 535 (NY).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	description	(Fig. 1, 6).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	materials_examined	Lectotypus (designated here): ARGENTINA. Misiones: Santa Ana, 16. X. 1912, F. Rodriguez 12549 (M, digital image!; iso-: LIL [LIL 001701]!; SI!).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	description	Perennial leafy herb, 20 -, with a ligneous rhizome, 0.5 - diam. Stems erect or decumbent, terete and striate, or subangled, 0.1 - diam., ramified at the base, with short hairs. Leaves with stipules elliptic, 0.3 - long, pubescent; petiole 1.5 -; blade ovate or broadly-elliptic, 3 - long × 1.2 - broad, apex subacute or obtuse, base obtuse, margin entire or crenateserrate, pubescent on both surfaces or with the upper epidermis glaber and de basal epidermis with hairs on the nerves. Inflorescence terminal, peduncle 3.5 - long, sometimes ramified, with branches ca. 0.5 - long, ending in 4 - 9 - flowered umbels. Flowers white or yellowish, with pedicels 3 -; receptacle pubescent; floral tube campanulate, long, pubescent; sepals ca. long; petals ca. long; stamens with filaments long and anthers long; style long, 3 - divided at the apex. Fruit 0.6 - long × 0.8 - broad, reticulate, glaber.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. – Crumenaria lilloi grows in grasslands in Paraguay, South Brasil and NE of Argentina (TORTOSA, 2008; CUSATO & TORTOSA, 2013), at elevations from 120 to 320 m.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology. – Crumenaria lilloi flowers from September to March.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	etymology	Etymology. – Crumenaria lilloi was named in honor of Miguel Lillo (1862 - 1931), Argentine botanist and naturalist.	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	discussion	Discussion. – In the original description of C. lilloi, SUESSENGUTH pointed out that the materials on which he based his description were both at “ herb. Munchen and Inst. Lillo, Tucumán ”. We choose the specimen at M as lectotype because it is more complete (two fertile stems vs. one fertile stem and three sterile in the specimen at LIL). CHODAT (1903), who studied the genus Crumenaria in Paraguay, considered that all the materials collected by Emil Hassler in that country belonged to the Brasilian species C. polygaloides (= C. erecta). On account of differences in the shape of leaves and in the general pubescence of the plants, he established three varieties and a form. Later, HASSLER (1915) tried a Paraguayan taxa’s reappraisal of his own. A synthesis on the typification of the numerous names involved and their taxonomic value is presented by TORTOSA & al. (2013) before the treatment of the Rhamnaceae for “ Flora del Paraguay ” (CUSATO & TORTOSA, 2013).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimens examined. – ARGENTINA. Corrientes: Ituzaingó: Ituzaingó, Rincón Ombú Chico, 11. X. 1980, Schinini 20932 (CTES); Ea. Puerto Valle, 23. X. 1967, Myndel Pedersen 8678 (NY); San Miguel, NE de San Miguel, rutas 5 y 117, Ea. Curuzú Laurel, 9. XI. 1981, Schinini 21633 (CTES). Misiones: A. de las Llamas, X. 1901, s. coll. (BAB). Bonpland, arroyo Mártires Chico, 16. I. 1976, Krapovickas 28776 (CTES). San Ignacio: San Ignacio, 11. X. 1975, Zardini & al. 704 (SI); San Ignacio, 21. IX. 2000, Múlgura de Romero & al. 2191 (SI).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
03D0878DFFED500EFCA3FEA3FDD47A23.taxon	discussion	PARAGUAY: see CUSATO & TORTOSA (2013).	en	Tortosa, Roberto D., Bartoli, Adriana, Cusato, Leonor (2013): The genus Crumenaria (Rhamnaceae, Gouanieae). Candollea 68 (2): 267-277, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v682a10
