taxonID	type	description	language	source
CE2C6510FFBE145177D4FB8F96601729.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: Aspidostemon perrieri (Danguy) Rohwer	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE145177D4FB8F96601729.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characters. – Opposite leaves, trimerous flowers with 3 or 6 two-locular stamens, staminodia of whorl III enlarged and conspicuous. Fruits enclosed in receptacle with scars of fallen tepals on top.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE145177D4FB8F96601729.taxon	distribution	Distribution. – Endemic to Madagascar.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE145177D4FB8F96601729.taxon	discussion	Notes. – Aspidostemon can be recognized in the field by its opposite leaves frequently with acuminate tips and inconspicuous, immersed or slightly raised venation. The bark of Aspidostemon is distinctive and has been referred to as platanoid (VAN DER WERFF, 2006), it was described by René Capuron on the labels of several of his collections “ rhytidome caduc par plaques [exfoliating in large plates] ”. Opposite leaves occur also in a few species of Beilschmiedia and Ocotea; see the discussion under those genera. Sterile specimens cannot be identified with confidence except for one or two vegetatively distinct species.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FE9591E51434.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: Beilschmiedia roxburghiana Nees	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FE9591E51434.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characters. – Flowers trimerous with nine bilocular stamens (rarely with dimerous flowers; see notes) and fruits seated on the pedicel, the tepals deciduous or persisting as small bracts at the base of the fruits.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FE9591E51434.taxon	distribution	Distribution. – Pantropical.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FE9591E51434.taxon	discussion	Notes. – The Beilschmiedia species in Madagascar can be divided in three groups on vegetative and floral characters. The first group has alternate leaves and small flowers with erect tepals; the second one has alternate leaves and larger flowers with spreading tepals and the third group has opposite leaves and flowers with erect tepals. Some specimens have the vegetative characters of the third group but dimerous flowers (with 4 tepals and 6 stamens instead of 6 tepals and 9 stamens) characteristic of Potameia and thus combine characters of Beilschmiedia and Potameia. An analysis of cuticular features (NISHIDA & VAN DER WERFF, 2007) has shown that these specimens all have cuticles characteristic of the third group of Beilschmiedia and therefore they are placed in Beilschmiedia.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FB42911316A9.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: Cassytha filiformis L.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FB42911316A9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characters. – Herbaceous, parasitic vine without leaves.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FB42911316A9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. – Pantropical.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBE14517464FB42911316A9.taxon	discussion	Notes. – All species of Cassytha are leafless, herbaceous and parasitic vines. Largely because of their habit they have been placed in a separate family, Cassythaceae but phylogenetic studies (ROHWER, 2000; CHANDERBALI et al. 2001) have shown that Cassytha is nested within Lauraceae.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450747DFEC297EA1262.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toliara: Morondava, bois près de la riv. Anove, 200 m, Aug. 1912, Perrier de la Bâthie 10134 (holo-: P [P 00853277]!; iso-: P [P 00540975] image seen).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450747DFDF491BC1377.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toamasina: Menagisy, Brickaville, 8. XII. 1950, fl., Service Forestier 12356 (holo-: P [P 00853276]!; iso-: BO, P [P 00540979] image seen).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450747DFC0291861462.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Toamasina: forêts montagneuses de l’Est, fl., Louvel 233 (holo-: P [P 00853278]!).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450747DFBF4908615E9.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Massif du Marivorahona, 1900 m, 25. III. 1951, fr., Service Forestier 3061 (holo-: P [P 00540969] image seen, iso-: BR [BR 0000006251659] image seen, K!, L [L 0036893] image seen, [P 00853275, P 00540970, P 00540971] images seen, TEF [TEF 000295] image seen).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450747DFA6F917416D4.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: MADAGASCAR: sine loc., fl., Chapelier s. n. (holo-: P [P 00540976] image seen; iso-: P [P 00853273]!).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450772DFE9495361769.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: Cryptocarya glaucescens R. Br.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450772DFE9495361769.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characters. – Flowers with nine bilocular stamens, ovary included inside a deep receptacle, fruits enclosed by the receptacle with scars of the fallen tepals on top; leaves alternate.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450772DFE9495361769.taxon	distribution	Distribution. – Pantropical.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFBF1450772DFE9495361769.taxon	discussion	Notes. – Cryptocarya is readily recognized by its flowers, with the ovary included in, but not attached to, the receptacle and its fruits, entirely enclosed in the accrescent receptacle. Species previously placed in Cryptocarya with a similar receptacle, but with 3 or 6 stamens and opposite leaves are now recognized as Aspidostemon. The genus Ravensara, formerly treated as endemic to Madagascar, and differing from Cryptocarya only in one fruit character: the presence of septa growing from the receptacle wall in to the fruits and making the fruits appear 6 - lobed. Because this character also appeared sparingly in Cryptocarya species outside Madagascar, Ravensara and Cryptocarya are now considered synonyms (VAN DER WERFF, 1992) and Cryptocarya, although nomenclaturally younger, is conserved over Ravensara (VAN DER WERFF, 1992; BRUMMIT, 1994). Several species of Cryptocarya have a dense indument consisting of erect, curly hairs entirely covering the lower leaf surface and young twigs. The color of this pubescence varies from brown, reddish brown or dark brown and it wears off on older leaves and twigs. This pubescence seems to be restricted to Cryptocarya in Madagascar. Most species of Lauraceae in Madagascar have elliptic leaves, but among Cryptocarya species oblong leaves are not uncommon. Cryptocarya is in need of a complete taxonomic revision. Since Ravensara was sunk in synonymy of Cryptocarya, several Ravensara species have been transferred to Cryptocarya (VAN DER WERFF, 2008, 2013 a). Eight species recognized by Kostermans are still in need of a name in Cryptocarya and the necessary nomenclatural changes (five new combinations and three new names) are presented below. A lectotype is designated for Ravensara affinis Kosterm. (Ξ Cryptocarya petiolata van der Werff).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FE94969D11A9.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Tsaratanana, 2000 m, IV. 1924, fr., Perrier de la Bâthie 16071 (holo-: P [P 00853272]!; iso-: P [P 00540972] image seen).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FDAF962F1357.taxon	materials_examined	Typus: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Fianarantsoa: Andrambovato-Fologoina-Fort Carnot, 27. I. 1953, fl., Service Forestier 7076 (holo-: P [P 00540960]!; iso-: BO, P [P 00853274]!, TEF [TEF 000293] image seen).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FCE2973415E2.taxon	materials_examined	Lectotypus (designated here): MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antananarivo: bois des pentes occidentale, près d’Anjanabonoina bassin inférieur de l’Andrantsay, W. de Betafo, c. 1400 m, [19 ° 57 ’ 02 » S 46 ° 28 ’ 36 » E], IX. 1921, fl., Perrier de la Bâthie 13952 (P [P 01991357]!; isolecto-: P [P 01991355, P 01991356, P 01991358] images seen).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FCE2973415E2.taxon	discussion	Note. – KOSTERMANS (1939: 104) cited two collections under Ravensara affinis: Perrier de la Bâthie 13952 was listed as the type in the protologue, but specimens of Perrier de la Bâthie 10144 cited by Kostermans were annotated as the type in P. I follow the type indication from the protologue and accept Perrier de la Bâthie 13952 as the type collection of Cryptocarya petiolata with the sheet P 01991357 designated here as the lectotype. Perrier de la Bâthie 10144 is no more than a paratype.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FA7491031242.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: Ocotea guianensis Aubl.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FA7491031242.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characters. – Flowers with 9 four-locular stamens and fruit seated in a shallow or deep cupule.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FA7491031242.taxon	distribution	Distribution. – Mostly neotropical, but with a smaller number of species in Madagascar and Africa.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB8145777D4FA7491031242.taxon	discussion	Notes. – Ocotea is easily recognized in Madagascar. It is the only genus which has flowers with quadrilocular stamens and fruits seated in a cupule. Some of its species have domatia, tufts of hairs or pits in the axils of some of the secondary veins. Domatia do not occur in species of the other genera in Madagascar and sterile specimens with domatia can be assigned with confidence to Ocotea. Most species have alternate leaves, but a few have opposite or subopposite leaves.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB814577464FDD4905A1757.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: Potameia thouarsii Roem. & Schult.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB814577464FDD4905A1757.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic characters. – The combination of dimerous flowers (flowers with 4 tepals and 6 or fewer stamens) and alternate leaves.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB814577464FDD4905A1757.taxon	distribution	Distribution. – Endemic to Madagascar (but see notes).	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
CE2C6510FFB814577464FDD4905A1757.taxon	discussion	Notes. – Potameia is closely related to Beilschmiedia and differs from that genus by its dimerous flowers. Both genera have fruits seated on the pedicel with remnants of the tepals at the base, four in Potameia and six in Beilschmiedia. One species of Beilschmiedia (B. pedicellata van der Werff) may have dimerous flowers, but differs from Potameia in its opposite leaves (all species of Potameia have alternate leaves). Most species of Potameia have flowers with six bilocular stamens. In a few species the adjacent locelli become fused so the stamens are unilocular. The number of stamens can also be reduced; the extreme is P. micrantha van der Werff, a species with flowers with two stamens, each unilocular. Most herbarium specimens of Potameia have a light colored, grey bark. While such a bark color may also occur outside Potameia, its presence strongly suggests Potameia. Several Asian species, mostly from southern China, have been placed in Potameia but are now considered to belong to Syndiclis Hook. f .. The single Indian species placed in Potameia, P. tirunelvelica (Manickam, Murugan, Jothi & Sundaresan) M. Gangop., was originally placed in Beilschmiedia; the description stated that it has opposite leaves and dimerous flowers. Because the combination of opposite leaves and dimerous flowers also occurs in a Beilschmiedia and not in Potameia, I consider the Indian species as a Beilschmiedia and Potameia as a genus endemic to Madagascar. Potameia is in need of taxonomic revision.	en	Werff, Henk van der (2017): The genera of Lauraceae in Madagascar with nomenclatural novelties in Cryptocarya. Candollea 72 (2): 323-328, DOI: 10.15553/c2017v722a8
