taxonID	type	description	language	source
0EEB72E0CDFF5F6C9304805465207152.taxon	description	Figures 1, 4 - 13, 14 - 22	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
0EEB72E0CDFF5F6C9304805465207152.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. N. aegyptiacus: Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 25. iii. 1927 (1 f #), 25. iii. 1934 (1 m #); Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 17. iii. 1934 (1 f #), 16. iii. 1935 (1 f #); W. dar El Maskhara 29 ° 47 ' 02.9 " N, 31 ° 24 ' 59.9 " E, 11. iv. 1927 (1 f #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 22. iii. 1930 (1 f #), 31. iii. 1930 (1 m #); W. Hoff 29 ° 53 ' 02.6 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 42.2 " E, 10. iii. 1930 (2 m #) (AZUC); Abu Rawash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 7. iii. 1955 (9 m #), 8. iii. 1955 (3 m # & 1 f #), 13. iii. 1955 (4 m # & 3 f #), 17. iii. 1955 (5 m # & 4 f #), 20. iii. 1955 (2 m # & 5 f #); Giza 30 ° 00 ' 40.0 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 31.4 " E, 22. iii. 1954 (1 m #), 17. v. 1955 (1 m #); Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 17. iii. 1934 (1 m #), 20. iii. 1934 (1 m #), 3. iv. 1934 (1 f #); Ogret El-Sheik 29 ° 52 ' 50.1 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 27.8 " E, 25. ii. 1927 (1 m #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 25. iii. 1932 (1 f #); W. Rishrash 29 ° 27 ' 51 " N, 31 ° 22 ' 2 " E, 29. iii. 1935 (1 f #); W. Silly Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 19. iii. 1926 (1 f #); Ain Mousa 29 ° 52 ' 22.0 " N, 32 ° 39 ' 00.7 " E, 16. iii. 1925 (2 f #) (CUC); Asyut (Lentil) 27 ° 23 ' 00.0 " N, 31 ° 44 ' 38.0 " E, 3. iii. 1965 (2 m # & 6 f #); Ogret El-Sheik 29 ° 52 ' 50.1 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 27.8 " E, 21. iii. 1926 (2 f #); Burg El-arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 25. iii. 1927 (1 m #), 9. iii. 1928 (1 m #); Kafr Hakim 30 ° 04 ' 39.7 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 46.3 " E, 24. iii. 1924 (1 m #); Gerga (Eg. Lupia) 26 ° 20 ' 23.2 " N, 31 ° 53 ' 21.3 " E, 2. iv. 1965 (2 f #); W. Hoff 29 ° 53 ' 02.6 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 42.2 " E, 21. iii. 1922 (1 f #), 22. iii. 1927 (1 m #); W. Morrah 22 ° 22 ' 39.1 " N, 33 ° 46 ' 00.3 " E, 25. iii. 1921 (1 m #); W. Silly Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 23. iii. 1926 (1 m #), 25. iii. 1927 (2 f #) (MAC); Abu Mena 30 ° 50 ' 28 " N, 29 ° 39 ' 49 " E, 15. iii. 1953 (1 m #), 8. iv. 1954 (3 m #); Gabal Asfar 30 ° 12 ' 05.7 " N 31 ° 21 ' 19.7 " E, 9. iii. 1951 (1 f #), 19. iii. 1951 (1 f #); Kerdasa 30 ° 01 ' 32.1 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 27.5 " E, 14. iv. 1951 (1 f #), 20. iii. 1952 (1 f #) (ASUC); (1 m #), without data (NHMW) sent by Dr. Peter Sehnal; Egypt (1 f #), without date, (ZMHB) sent by Mr. Sven Marotzke and Bernhard Schurian; Cairo, Shoubra, 30 ° 4 ' 27.1632 " N, 31 ° 14 ' 53.9844 " E, 28. iii. 1921 (1 m #), specimen number USNMENT 01371555 (USNM) (identified by Dr. Torsten Dikow). Specimens previously identified as N. julieni: Abu Rawash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 7. iii. 1955 (1 m #), 8. iii. 1955 (1 m #), 13. iii. 1955 (1 m #); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 25. iii. 1934 (4 m # & 4 f #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 25. iii. 1932 (2 f #), 21. iii. 1930 (1 f #); W. Hoff 29 ° 53 ' 02.6 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 42.2 " E, 28. ii. 1927 (1 m #); W. Um Elek 29 ° 52 ' 59.9 " N, 31 ° 31 ' 00.1 " E, 21. iii. 1924 (1 f #) (CUC); Ain Mousa 29 ° 52 ' 22.0 " N, 32 ° 39 ' 00.7 " E, 16. iii. 1925 (2 f #); Asyut (Lentil) 27 ° 23 ' 00.0 " N, 31 ° 44 ' 38.0 " E, 3. iii. 1965 (1 m # & 2 f #); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 14. iv. 1920 (1 m #), 16. ii. 1922 (1 f #), 12. iv. 1923 (1 f #), 11. iv. 1925 (1 m #), 18. iv. 1925 (1 f #); Kafr Hakim 30 ° 04 ' 39.7 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 46.3 " E, 20. iv. 1925 (1 f #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 14. iv. 1928 (1 f #); W. Morrah 22 ° 22 ' 39.1 " N, 33 ° 46 ' 00.3 " E, 25. iii. 1927 (1 f #), W. Silly Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 19. iii. 1926 (2 f #), 22. iii. 1926 (1 f #), W. Um Elek 29 ° 52 ' 59.9 '' N, 31 ° 31 ' 00.1 " E, 21. iii. 1924 (1 f #) (MAC); Kosseir 26 ° 06 ' 26.2 " N, 34 ° 16 ' 38.8 " E, 24. ii. 1965 (1 m #); W. Digla 29 ° 59 ' 00.1 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 41.2 " E, 5. iv. 1952 (1 f #), 13. iii. 1955 (1 m #); W. Natroun 30 ° 25 ' 58.2 " N, 30 ° 14 ' 39.2 " E, 13. iii. 1955 (3 f # & 1 m #), (2 m # & 1 f #), without data (ASUC).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
0EEB72E0CDFF5F6C9304805465207152.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Frons and face entirely yellow or grayish pollinosity; thorax completely shiny black with yellowish hairs; wing with many small cells restricted between R 2 and hind margin; abdomen entirely black with short erect hairs. Male genitalia with only outer gonocoxal process; gonocoxal apodemes long, narrow, sinuate, fused medially and forming a narrow dorsal bridge; gonostyli wider than gonocoxal processes, ventrally with a cleft and small projection. Aedeagal complex with tapered aedeagus and lateral parameres, which are usually separated apically, fused with basal part of the aedeagus; parameral apodeme rather long; ejaculatory apodeme long and broad.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
0EEB72E0CDFF5F6C9304805465207152.taxon	distribution	Local distribution. Coastal strip, Lower Nile.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
0EEB72E0CDFF5F6C9304805465207152.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution. Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Italy (Sicily), and Tunisia (Sack 1933; Bernardi 1973; Richter 1988).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
17E3DAE858AD552887EE75237EB709EE.taxon	description	Figures 23 - 32, 33 - 41	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
17E3DAE858AD552887EE75237EB709EE.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Abu Rowash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 24. ii. 1926 (1 f #), 26. ii. 1927 (1 f #); Rafah 31 ° 17 ' 03.0 " N, 34 ° 14 ' 18.0 " E, 25. iv. 1921 (1 f #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 31. iii. 1930 (1 f #) (AZUC); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 22. iii. 1930 (1 f #), 31. iii. 1930 (1 f #) (CUC); Abu Qir 31 ° 18 ' 42.4 " N, 30 ° 03 ' 37.3 " E, 26. iii. 1915 (1 f #); (Noaman Bey) Alexandria 31 ° 10 ' 03.5 " N, 29 ° 51 ' 56.2 " E, (1 f #, without date); Dekheila 31 ° 07 ' 32.0 " N, 29 ° 48 ' 37.3 " E, 4. iii. 1928 (1 f #); Dekheila Mariut 31 ° 07 ' 32.0 " N, 29 ° 48 ' 37.3 " E, 24. v. 1925 (1 f #); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 19. iv. 1928 (1 f #); Gabal Abu Rowash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 13. ii. 1924 (1 f #); 19. iii. 1924 (1 f #); Kafr Hakim 30 ° 04 ' 39.7 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 46.3 " E, 24. iii. 1925 (1 f #), 20. iii. 1926 (1 f #); Mansouriah 29 ° 58 ' 05.3 " N, 31 ° 08 ' 51.9 " E, 4. iii. 1934 (2 f #); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 18. iv. 1925 (1 f #); Marsa Matrouh 31 ° 11 ' 04.1 " N, 27 ° 15 ' 42.4 " E, 17. iii. 1933 (2 f #); Suize 29 ° 58 ' 09.6 " N, 32 ° 32 ' 59.8 " E, 5. iv. 1927 (1 f #); Sinai N. E. 31 ° 15 ' 49.4 " N, 34 ° 10 ' 15.8 " E, 19. iv. 1928 (1 f #); W. Silly Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 22. iii. 1926 (1 f #) (MAC); Abu Rawash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 26. iii. 1952 (1 f #); Gabal Asfar 30 ° 12 ' 05.7 " N, 31 ° 21 ' 19.7 " E, 9. iii. 1951 (1 f #); Mansoura 31 ° 02 ' 43.1 " N, 31 ° 22 ' 54.9 " E, 2. iii. 1955 (1 f #); Mansouriah 29 ° 58 ' 05.3 " N, 31 ° 08 ' 51.9 " E, 12. iii. 1952 (1 f #); Pyramids 30 ° 04 ' 39.8 " N, 31 ° 00 ' 53.4 " E, 12. iii. 1951 (1 f #); W. Natroun 30 ° 25 ' 58.2 " N, 30 ° 14 ' 39.2 " E, 2. iv. 1951 (1 f #) (ASUC). Specimens previously identified as N. fascifrons: Abu Rowash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 6. ii. 1926 (2 m #); Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 18. iii. 1927 (1 m #), 7. iii. 1930 (1 m #); Mansouriah 29 ° 58 ' 05.3 " N, 31 ° 08 ' 51.9 " E, 18. ii. 1926 (1 m #); Mariut 31 ° 08 ' 32.5 " N, 29 ° 54 ' 10.5 " E, 5. iv. 1921 (1 m #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 22. iii. 1930 (1 m #), 31. iii. 1930 (1 f #); W. Morrah 22 ° 22 ' 39.1 " N, 33 ° 46 ' 00.3 " E, 26. iii. 1927 (1 m #) (AZUC); Kafr Hakim 30 ° 04 ' 39.7 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 46.3 " E, 20. iii. 1926 (1 m #); Mansouriah 29 ° 58 ' 05.3 " N, 31 ° 08 ' 51.9 " E, 13. ii. 1926 (1 m #), 2. iii. 1927 (1 m #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 22. iii. 1930 (1 m #), 31. iii. 1930 (2 m #) (CUC); Dekheila 31 ° 07 ' 32.0 " N, 29 ° 48 ' 37.3 " E, 4. ii. 1928 (2 m #), 4. iii. 1928 (1 m #); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 19. iv. 1923 (1 m #); Kerdasa 30 ° 01 ' 32.1 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 27.5 " E, 15. ii. 1923 (1 m #), 10. ii. 1925 (1 m #); Mansouriah 29 ° 58 ' 05.3 " N, 31 ° 08 ' 51.9 " E, 13. ii. 1926 (1 m #), 6. iii. 1926 (1 m #); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 27. iv. 1923 (1 m #), 18. iv. 1925 (5 m #); (Six Towers) Suize Road 29 ° 59 ' 45.9 " N, 32 ° 29 ' 34.4 " E, 26. iii. 1926 (1 m #); Gabal Asfar 30 ° 12 ' 05.7 " N, 31 ° 21 ' 19.7 " E, 9. iii. 1951 (1 m #); Mansoura 31 ° 02 ' 43.1 " N, 31 ° 22 ' 54.9 " E, 2. iii. 1955 (1 m #) (ASUC). Specimens previously identified as N. abdominalis: Egypt (1 f #), without date, specimen number USNMENT 01371553 (USNM) (previously identified by W. Wirth as N. abdominalis but as N. ater by Dr. Torsten Dikow using our key).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
17E3DAE858AD552887EE75237EB709EE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Frons shiny black with a transverse white band; wing with small cells extending forward from R 1 to hind margin; abdomen orange with longitudinal black vitta in male but entirely black in female.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
17E3DAE858AD552887EE75237EB709EE.taxon	distribution	Local distribution. Coastal strip, Lower Nile.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
17E3DAE858AD552887EE75237EB709EE.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution. Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Israel, Spain, and Tunisia (Sack 1933; Bernardi 1973; Richter 1988).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
F362BA444E6354EFBC333B743528D59D.taxon	description	Figures 42 - 51, 52 - 60	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
F362BA444E6354EFBC333B743528D59D.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. W. Dar El-Maskhara 29 ° 47 ' 02.9 " N, 31 ° 24 ' 59.9 " E, 12. iv. 1930 (1 f #); W. Hodein South Eastern Desert 23 ° 5 ' 14 ' " N, 35 ° 19 ' 45 " E, 17. iii. 1928 (1 m #); W. Hoff 29 ° 53 ' 02.6 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 42.2 " E, 12. iv. 1921 (1 f #), 24. iii. 1930 (1 m #); W. Zohleiga 26 ° 07 ' 59.9 " N, 33 ° 45 ' 00.0 " E, 27. iii. 1925 (1 f #) (AZUC); Abu Rowash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 16. iii. 1927 (1 f #); Ogret El-Sheikh 29 ° 52 ' 50.1 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 27.8 " E, 31. iii. 1926 (1 f #); W. Hoff 29 ° 53 ' 02.6 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 42.2 " E, 24. iii. 1930 (1 m #); W. Rishrash 29 ° 27 ' 51 " N, 31 ° 22 ' 2 " E, 29. iii. 1935 (7 m # & 4 f #) (CUC); Ogret El-Sheikh 29 ° 52 ' 50.1 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 27.8 " E, 14. iii. 1927 (1 m #); W. Hoff 29 ° 53 ' 02.6 " N, 31 ° 18 ' 42.2 " E, 30. iii. 1928 (1 m #); W. Zohleiga 26 ° 07 ' 59.9 " N, 33 ° 45 ' 00.0 " E, 25,29. iii. 1925 (1 f #) (MAC); Etaka 29 ° 26 ' 19.1 " N, 32 ° 28 ' 07.2 " E, 22. ii. 1951 (1 f #), 26. iii. 1951 (1 m #); Kerdasa 30 ° 01 ' 32.1 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 27.5 " E, 14. iv. 1951 (3 f #); Mansouriah 29 ° 58 ' 05.3 " N, 31 ° 08 ' 51.9 " E, 25. iv. 1957 (1 m #); W. Kaber 23 ° 26 ' 29 " N, 25 ° 50 ' 23 " E, 1. iv. 1994 (1 f #) (ASUC).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
F362BA444E6354EFBC333B743528D59D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Frons covered with dense gray pollinosity except shiny black oval callus below ocellar triangle; wing hyaline, except slightly brownish along anterior margin, with a few small cells extending forward from R 2 + 3 to M 1 or M 2. Abdomen orange or reddish with longitudinal median black vitta.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
F362BA444E6354EFBC333B743528D59D.taxon	distribution	Local distribution. Eastern Desert, Lower Nile.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
F362BA444E6354EFBC333B743528D59D.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution. Egypt, Iran, and Israel (Sack 1933; Bernardi 1973; Richter 1988).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
2EA43BCE8DBE556791C8B55725DED1DE.taxon	description	Figures 61 - 70, 71 - 79	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
2EA43BCE8DBE556791C8B55725DED1DE.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 6. v. 1926 (1 m #); Burg El-Arab, 2. v. 1921 (10 m #) (AZUC); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 5. v. 1926 (1 f #) (CUC); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 10. v. 1927 (1 m #), 19. iv. 1928 (6 m # & 6 f #); King Mariut 30 ° 57 ' 27.2 " N, 29 ° 38 ' 51.0 " E 14. iv. 1915 (1 m #), 23. v. 1925 (1 m #); Burg El-Arab 30 ° 54 ' 12.7 " N, 29 ° 33 ' 13.7 " E, 2. v. 1924 (1 f #) (MAC); Max 31 ° 09 ' 50.5 " N, 29 ° 51 ' 47.7 " E, 21. iv. 1952 (1 f #) (ASUC).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
2EA43BCE8DBE556791C8B55725DED1DE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Frons and face with dense whitish hairs and pollinose; inner ends of transverse suture with two white spots; wing hyaline with brownish base, veins yellowish, without additional small cells; abdomen black with transverse white bands, slightly curved medially; gonocoxite with inner and outer processes, the inner tapered apically, outer slightly curved subapically; gonostyli broader than gonocoxal processes with broad subapical projection; aedeagal complex narrow, aedeagus slightly broader distally.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
2EA43BCE8DBE556791C8B55725DED1DE.taxon	distribution	Local distribution. Coastal strip.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
2EA43BCE8DBE556791C8B55725DED1DE.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution. Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Israel, and Syria (Sack 1933; Bernardi 1973; Richter 1988).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
12D5534BBDDB5096ABBFE58113D7A687.taxon	description	Figures 80 - 85	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
12D5534BBDDB5096ABBFE58113D7A687.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Frons with shiny yellow or black spot below ocelli; mesonotum with two gray spots at inner ends of the transverse suture, between them there is a thin longitudinal stripe; wing hyaline in posterior 1 / 2 and apex but brownish on anterior 1 / 2 and slightly infuscate at base; wing with small cells that extend forward from R 2 to hind margin; abdomen gray, matte, with incomplete transverse black stripes; tergite II bears shiny black spots divided in the middle by a transverse longitudinal gray strip; black spots on tergites III-V more or less fused into bands with an emargination along the posterior margin; on tergite III, gray emargination varies from very deep to nearly absent; abdominal venter with dense gray pollinosity, the second sternite with central black spot.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
12D5534BBDDB5096ABBFE58113D7A687.taxon	description	Description. Length: body 14 - 15 mm. Head black with dense gray pollinosity and whitish hairs; frons with shiny yellow or black spot below ocelli, in male frons at vertex nearly as wide as eye width (Figs 80, 83), while in female nearly twice as eye width (Fig. 81); antenna with orange scape and pedicel, first flagellomere brown to blackish brown with some gray pollinosity (Fig. 82), basal two segments of stylus subequal in length and segment III 2 / 3 x longitudinal eye diameter; palpi yellow or brown with black apices. Thorax pale black with yellowish white or grayish white hairs, but longer and denser on scutellum and pleurae; mesonotum with two gray spots at inner ends of transverse suture and between them is a thin longitudinal stripe. Leg rusty red; in females, only hind tarsi blackish or hind leg entirely blackish; in males, all femora black; hind tibiae and tarsi blackish. Wing hyaline over posterior 1 / 2 and at apex, but somewhat brown over anterior 1 / 2 and slightly infuscate at base; wing with small cells that extend forward from R 2 to hind margin (Fig. 85). Abdomen gray, matte, with incomplete transverse black stripes; tergite II with shiny black spots divided in the middle by a transverse longitudinal gray strip; black spots on tergites III-V are more or less fused into bands with an emargination along the posterior margin; on tergite III, gray emargination varies from very deep to nearly absent; abdominal venter with dense gray pollinosity, sternite II with black central spot (Fig. 84).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
12D5534BBDDB5096ABBFE58113D7A687.taxon	distribution	Local distribution. Unknown.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
12D5534BBDDB5096ABBFE58113D7A687.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution. Armenia, Egypt, Greece, Russia (Caucasus), Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Turkey (Sack 1933; Bernardi 1973).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
BA0266A803365757B4F4871B85C75DC9.taxon	description	Figures 1, 2, 86 - 95, 96 - 104	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
BA0266A803365757B4F4871B85C75DC9.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Ezbet El-Nakhl 30 ° 08 ' 22.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 27.8 " E, 20. iv. 1921 (1 m # & 3 f #); Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 8. iv. 1932 (2 f #); W. Morrah 22 ° 22 ' 39.1 " N, 33 ° 46 ' 00.3 " E, 26. iii. 1927 (1 m #) (AZUC); Abu Rawash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 13. iii. 1955 (3 m # & 4 f #), 17. iii. 1955 (1 m #); Kerdasa 30 ° 01 ' 32.1 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 27.5 " E, 11. iv. 1926 (1 m #); Giza 30 ° 00 ' 40.0 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 31.4 " E, 7. v. 1955 (1 m #), 2. iii. 1927 (1 m #); Helwan 29 ° 50 ' 37.6 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 05.0 " E, 8. iv. 1932 (2 f #), 3. iv. 1934 (1 m # & 3 f #), 8. iv. 1934 (6 f #), 17. iii. 1934 (1 f #), 17. iv. 1934 (1 f #), 23. iv. 1935 (3 f #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 31. iii. 1930 (1 f #) (CUC); Abu Rawash 30 ° 04 ' 30.7 " N, 31 ° 11 ' 59.7 " E, 11. iv. 1925 (1 m #), 17. iv. 1925 (2 m # & 1 f #), 3. iv. 1926 (1 m # & 1 f #), 12. iii. 1936 (1 f #), 4. iv. 1961 (3 f #); (Noaman Bey) Alexandria 31 ° 10 ' 03.5 " N, 29 ° 51 ' 56.2 " E, (1 f #, without date); Assyut 27 ° 23 ' 00.0 " N, 31 ° 44 ' 38.0 " E, 2. iv. 1917 (1 f #); Bent Suef 29 ° 04 ' N, 31 ° 05 ' E, iii. 1965 (1 m #); Dakhla Mout 25 ° 32 ' 41.4 " N, 28 ° 55 ' 44.0 " E, 17. iii. 1934 (1 m #); El-Mallah 30 ° 00 ' 37.7 " N, 31 ° 09 ' 34.0 " E, 14. v. 1927 (1 m #); Gabal El-Halal 30 ° 39 ' 10.8 " N, 34 ° 01 ' 43.9 " E, 25. iv. 1924 (1 m # & 1 f #); Gabal El-Sanadiq, 5. iv. 1934 (1 f #); 12. iv. 1924 (1 m #); Kafr Hakim 30 ° 04 ' 39.7 " N, 31 ° 06 ' 46.3 " E, 7. iv. 1924 (1 m #), 14. iv. 1925 (1 m #), 20. iv. 1925 (1 m # & 1 f #); Mansouriah 29 ° 58 ' 05.3 " N, 31 ° 08 ' 51.9 " E, 28. iv. 1926 (1 f #), 4. iii. 1934 (1 m #); Marg, 1. iv. 1923 (1 f #); Marsa Matrouh 31 ° 11 ' 04.1 " N, 27 ° 15 ' 42.4 " E, 19. i. 1933 (1 m #), 17. iii. 1933 (1 m #), 1. iv. 1961 (1 f #); W. Garawi 29 ° 47 ' 43.9 " N, 31 ° 25 ' 54.9 " E, 3. iii. 1925 (1 f #); W. Um Elek 29 ° 52 ' 59.9 " N, 31 ° 31 ' 00.1 " E, 28. iii. 1918 (1 f #); W. Zohleiga 26 ° 07 ' 59.9 " N, 33 ° 45 ' 00.0 " E, 25 - 29. iii. 1925 (1 f #) (MAC); W. Digla 29 ° 59 ' 00.1 " N, 31 ° 19 ' 41.2 " E, 5. iv. 1952 (1 m #) (ASUC). Aegypten (1 m # & 1 f #), without date (ZMHB) sent by Mr. Sven Marotzke and Bernhard Schurian; Dakahlia, Mansuriya 31.1656 ° N, 31.4913 ° E 31. iii. 1964 (1 m # & 1 f #) specimen numbers: male: USNMENT 01371563, female: USNMENT 01371564, Cairo, Marg 30.1543 ° N, 31.3484 ° E (1 f #), without date, specimen number USNMENT 01371561 (USNM) (identified by Dr. Torsten Dikow).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
BA0266A803365757B4F4871B85C75DC9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Frons covered with dense orange yellow pollinosity except with shiny blackish brown transverse oval callus below dark orange ocellar triangle; wing with yellowish brown band in the middle, but clear in apical part and along posterior margin; wing with small cells extending forward from R 2 to M 1 or M 2. Abdomen orange to reddish orange with longitudinal black median vitta; first tergite entirely black, tergite II on anterior margin with transverse white band. Gonocoxite with inner process slightly tapered; gonostyli longer than gonocoxal process, curved subapically with small projection; aedeagus fused proximally with parameres and separated distally, parameres and aedeagus with small indentations distally in lateral view.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
BA0266A803365757B4F4871B85C75DC9.taxon	distribution	Local distribution. Coastal strip, Lower Nile, Upper Nile, Sinai.	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
BA0266A803365757B4F4871B85C75DC9.taxon	distribution	Geographical distribution. Algeria, Egypt, and Syria (Sack 1933; Bernardi 1973; Richter 1988).	en	El-Hashash, Arafa Elsayed, Badrawy, Haitham Badrawy Mousa, Ibrahim, Ayman Mohyie-Eldin (2021): A review of tangle-veined flies (Nemestrinidae, Diptera) in Egypt. ZooKeys 1071: 11-42, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.70743
