taxonID	type	description	language	source
A534C78A1DF751119997B59295B18834.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Type locality. Yellow Sea, Korea, 36 ° 15 ' 42.9 " N, 126 ° 32 ' 47.9 " E, intertidal sand. Holotype. Complete, without palps, formalin (NIBRIV 0000888168) (Fig. 2), 21 Oct. 2020. Paratypes. Four complete (NIBRIV 0000888164 - 7), three complete (SMF 30259), two complete (ZMH P- 30424), formalin, Yellow Sea, Korea, 37 ° 26 ' 50.0 " N 126 ° 22 ' 3.9 " E, 13 Jan. 2021, intertidal sand. Non-type materials. Yellow Sea, Korea, intertidal sand: 27 anterior fragments (af), formalin, 34 ° 18 ' 43 " N, 126 ° 1 ' 59 " E, 22 Aug. 2017; 1 complete (NIBRIV 0000862794), 33 af, formalin, 34 ° 41 ' 22.5 " N, 125 ° 25 ' 43.8 " E, 16 May. 2018; 71 af, formalin, 35 ° 40 ' 45.2 " N, 126 ° 31 ' 26.5 " E, 18 Mar. 2018; 14 af, 95 % ethanol, 35 ° 38 ' 03.4 " N, 126 ° 27 ' 57.2 " E, 17 May. 2018; 5 af, 95 % ethanol, 35 ° 39 ' 16.4 " N, 126 ° 29 ' 26.0 " E, 19 Sep. 2020; 4 af, 95 % ethanol, 35 ° 35 ' 44.6 " N, 126 ° 29 ' 07.9 " E, 18 Sep. 2020, 5 complete, formalin, 4 af (NIBRIV 0000888159 - 60), 95 % ethanol, 35 ° 35 ' 44.6 " N, 126 ° 29 ' 07.9 " E, 19 Sep. 2020; 1 af, formalin, 35 ° 40 ' 44.2 " N, 126 ° 31 ' 29.7 " E, 21 Sep. 2020; 1 af, formalin, same locality as holotype, 21 Oct. 2020; 9 complete, 1 af, formalin, same locality as paratypes, 15 Jan 2021. Korea Strait, Korea: 10 af, formalin, 34 ° 28 ' 05.5 " N, 127 ° 28 ' 16 " E, 26 May. 2017, intertidal sand; 3 complete, 22 af, formalin, 34 ° 11 ' 03.7 " N, 126 ° 54 ' 37.5 " E, 26 Jul. 2017, intertidal sand; 2 af, 95 % ethanol, 34 ° 53 ' 19.9 " N, 128 ° 26 ' 41.2 " E, 20 Jul 2020, intertidal muddy sand; 5 af, formalin, 35 ° 40 ' 44.2 " N, 126 ° 31 ' 29.7 " E, 21 Sep. 2020, intertidal sand; 1 af, formalin, 2 complete (NIBRIV 0000888162 - 3), 95 % ethanol, 34 ° 55 ' 37.7 " N, 128 ° 02 ' 13.3 " E, 23 Jun. 2020, muddy sand between gravel and macrophytes; 8 complete, 2 af, formalin, 1 af (NIBRIV 0000888161), 95 % ethanol, 34 ° 43 ' 45.1 " N, 127 ° 57 ' 09.7 " E, intertidal sand; 1 af, formalin, 36 ° 13 ' 53.3 " N, 126 ° 31 ' 47.2 " E, 20 Oct. 2020, intertidal sand; 1 af, formalin, 36 ° 09 ' 41.2 " N, 126 ° 31 ' 11.1 " E, 20 Oct. 2020, intertidal sand.	en	Lee, Geon Hyeok, Meissner, Karin, Yoon, Seong Myeong, Min, Gi-Sik (2021): New species of the genus Spio (Annelida, Spionidae) from the southern and western coasts of Korea. ZooKeys 1070: 151-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847
A534C78A1DF751119997B59295B18834.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Prostomium broadly rounded, slightly expanded at anterolateral margin, extending to chaetiger 1; nuchal organs with short median and long lateral ciliary bands, lateral bands extending up to transverse ciliated band (tcb) of chaetiger 3. Metameric dorsal ciliated organs double-paired, present from chaetiger 3. Branchiae from chaetiger 1 to almost end of body, length of first pair slightly shorter than that of second pair; branchiae mostly free from notopodial lamellae. White dots present from about chaetiger 3 to the end of the middle body region; three pairs of white dots per chaetiger. Neuropodial hooded hooks tridentate, present from chaetiger 11, uppermost tooth very inconspicuous. Pygidium with thin dorsolateral pair and stout but slightly longer ventral pair of anal cirri.	en	Lee, Geon Hyeok, Meissner, Karin, Yoon, Seong Myeong, Min, Gi-Sik (2021): New species of the genus Spio (Annelida, Spionidae) from the southern and western coasts of Korea. ZooKeys 1070: 151-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847
A534C78A1DF751119997B59295B18834.taxon	description	Description. Holotype complete specimen with 67 chaetigers, about 15.7 mm in length and about 1.0 mm in width (Fig. 2). Other specimens complete with 58 - 73 chaetigers, 12.0 - 17.0 mm in length and 0.9 - 1.2 mm in width. Prostomium entire and rounded anteriorly, slightly expanded at anterolateral margin, extending to chaetiger 1; prostomium with orange-brown pigmentation on anterior part, middle part of prostomium comparatively broad, posterior part with highly elevated papilla; two pairs of black eyes arranged in trapezoid; anterior pair larger, slightly crescent-shaped or oval, widely spaced; posterior pair smaller, rounded, closely spaced; weak transverse depression between anterior and middle part of prostomium (Figs 3 A, B, 6 A, 7 A). Peristomium separated from prostomium by a narrow furrow (Fig. 7 A). Peristomial palps reaching chaetigers 6 - 9 (Fig. 5 A). Nuchal organs and metameric dorsal ciliated organs distinctly observed in well-preserved and live specimens; nuchal organs U-shaped due to posterior fusion of median and lateral ciliated bands, long and recurved on chaetiger 2, and reaching to first transverse ciliated band (tcb) on chaetiger 2 (Figs 3 A, 6 A, 7 A). Metameric dorsal ciliated organs double paired, present from between branchiae 3 and 4 (i. e., after second tcb), extending up to chaetiger 40 in holotype (38 - 47 in 62 - 73 chaetiger individuals) (Figs 3 A, 5, 6 A, 7 A). White dots present from chaetiger 3 to chaetiger 50 in holotype (42 - 52 in 62 - 73 chaetiger individuals); three pairs of white dots per chaetiger; lateral two pairs closely spaced (Figs 5 B, 6 B, C, 7 B). Intersegmental transverse ciliation absent. Branchiae present from chaetiger 1 to almost end of body, absent only on last 2 or 3 (rarely 4) chaetigers (Fig. 2); length of first pair of branchiae two-thirds to four-fifths the length of second pair (Fig. 3 A, B); comparatively longest and widest branchiae on chaetigers 2 - 12, becoming thinner and shorter posteriorly; about last 10 branchiae distinctly shorter and thinner; branchiae with cilia on inner and furrow on outer side; branchiae mostly separated from postchaetal notopodial lamellae (Fig. 4). Notopodia on chaetiger 1 slightly shifted dorsally; notopodial postchaetal lamellae almost lanceolate (Fig. 4 A); from chaetiger 2 lamellae broadly rounded, slightly tapered superiorly (Fig. 4 B-D), becoming smaller in middle to posterior chaetigers (Fig. 4 F), and larger, subtriangular in about last 17 chaetigers (Fig. 4 G). Neuropodial postchaetal lamellae rounded in about first four chaetigers, becoming broader and larger in along anterior and middle chaetigers, largest in posteriormost chaetigers (Fig. 4). Notopodial chaetae all capillaries; notochaetae in anterior and middle chaetigers arranged in two rows; notochaetae of anterior row with stout sheath, heavily granulated, slightly shorter than chaetae of posterior row, granulation disappearing in middle chaetigers; notochaetae of posterior row thinner, with narrow sheath, non-granulated; additional fascicle of 6 - 9 very long, thin capillaries without granulations present at superior position, longest in first three chaetigers; notochaetae in posterior chaetigers thin and long, arranged in irregular rows. Neuropodial chaetae with granulated or non-granulated capillaries, hooded hooks, and inferior fascicle of capillaries; capillaries of anterior neuropodia arranged in two rows; neurochaetae of anterior row with distinct sheaths, stout, heavily granulated (Fig. 3 E); neurochaetae of posterior row non-granulated, less stout, replaced by 7 - 9 hooded hooks from chaetiger 11 (rarely 12); neuropodial hooded hooks tridentate, main fang well developed, uppermost tooth inconspicuous (Fig. 3 F); inferior fascicle of 2 - 5 long, thin, non-granulated capillaries from chaetiger 1, replaced by 2 - 4 (usually 3) stout granulated, ventral sabre chaetae in inferiormost position from about chaetigers 16 - 19 (rarely 13 - 15) (Fig. 3 D). Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri; dorsolateral pair shorter and thinner, comparatively widely spaced, and ventral pair longer, very stout, conical with rounded tip and closely spaced (Fig. 3 C).	en	Lee, Geon Hyeok, Meissner, Karin, Yoon, Seong Myeong, Min, Gi-Sik (2021): New species of the genus Spio (Annelida, Spionidae) from the southern and western coasts of Korea. ZooKeys 1070: 151-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847
A534C78A1DF751119997B59295B18834.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. In the present study, the specimens were found mostly in intertidal zones of fine sand, rarely muddy sand, and sometimes a mixture of gravel and macrophytes (Zostera marina). According to Abe and Sato-Okoshi (2021), planktonic larvae of Spio sp. 2 with two rows of black melanophore spots on each side of the dorsum from chaetiger 1 onward, linked by band-shaped medial black pigmentation from chaetiger 4 or 5 are found in Sasuhama and Onagawa Bay between April and August (see cited publication for further details). Adult specimens were collected from muddy sand sediments of shallow waters in Sasuhama, Japan (Abe and Sato-Okoshi 2021).	en	Lee, Geon Hyeok, Meissner, Karin, Yoon, Seong Myeong, Min, Gi-Sik (2021): New species of the genus Spio (Annelida, Spionidae) from the southern and western coasts of Korea. ZooKeys 1070: 151-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847
A534C78A1DF751119997B59295B18834.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name, Spio pigmentata, originates from the Latin word pigmentum, meaning " pigment " This name refers to the new species having conspicuous black pigmentation on the body.	en	Lee, Geon Hyeok, Meissner, Karin, Yoon, Seong Myeong, Min, Gi-Sik (2021): New species of the genus Spio (Annelida, Spionidae) from the southern and western coasts of Korea. ZooKeys 1070: 151-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847
A534C78A1DF751119997B59295B18834.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Along the southern and western coasts of Korea; Sasuhama and Onagawa Bay, north-eastern Japan.	en	Lee, Geon Hyeok, Meissner, Karin, Yoon, Seong Myeong, Min, Gi-Sik (2021): New species of the genus Spio (Annelida, Spionidae) from the southern and western coasts of Korea. ZooKeys 1070: 151-164, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.73847
