identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
85CD53CB4BF25916B5C4F2C1D2CA7D0C.text	85CD53CB4BF25916B5C4F2C1D2CA7D0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ptychoptera bellula Alexander 1937	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ptychoptera bellula Alexander, 1937</p>
            <p>Figure 4</p>
            <p> Ptychoptera bellula Alexander, 1937: 367. Type locality: Hong San, Jiangxi (China). </p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>  Paratypes: 2 females (USNM), China: Jiangxi Province, Xunwu District,  Hong San (1000-1053 m), 1936.VI.27-28, Judson Linsley Gressitt  . Other material:   1 female (USNM), China: Zhejiang Province, Deqing District,  Mount Moganshan , 1936.V.29,  Père Octave Piel  . </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>General coloration black. Haltere black with base of stem yellow. Wing with heavily brown bands and marks as follows: a large triangular brown mark in base of cells R and M; a irregular quadrate brown mark at origin of Rs; an elliptic brown mark at midlength of CuA1; a small oval brown mark at tip of A; median band extending from R to the bend in distal section of CuA2; subapical band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering tip of R1 and R2, to tip of M2; Rs about three-fifths the length of R4+5, 4 times the length of r-m.</p>
            <p>Distribution (new record in bold).</p>
            <p>China (Jiangxi, Zhejiang).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p>The determined specimen of this species collected from Zhejiang was identified by Alexander in 1939, but was not officially published to record. We re-determined it during the study and now record this species from Zhejiang for the first time. For descriptions and illustrations of this species, see Alexander (1937) and Krzeminski and Zwick (1993).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/85CD53CB4BF25916B5C4F2C1D2CA7D0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Shao, Jiaqi;Kang, Zehui	Shao, Jiaqi, Kang, Zehui (2021): New species of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from Zhejiang, China with an updated key to Chinese species. ZooKeys 1070: 87-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779
E0C7DE12F57659759AD5B11A95D825DE.text	E0C7DE12F57659759AD5B11A95D825DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ptychoptera gutianshana Yang & Chen 1995	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ptychoptera gutianshana Yang &amp; Chen, 1995</p>
            <p>Figure 5b-f</p>
            <p> Ptychoptera gutianshana Yang &amp; Chen, 1995: 180. Type locality: Mount Gutianshan, Kaihua, Zhejiang (China). </p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>  Holotype male (CAU), China: Zhejiang Province, Kaihua District,  Mount Gutianshan (350 m), 1993.IV.15, Hong Wu (light trap). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Wing marked with three brown marks and two brown bands. Surstylus of epandrium broadest at base, tapering and curved downward distally, forked at tip. Paramere with a pair of flaky projections and a vase-shaped projection. Gonostylus irregular rectangular with an elliptic basal projection on inner side with short hairs. Hypandrium trapeziform, anterior margin with a pair of C-shaped projections, middle area with a pair of digitiform projections, posterior margin with a pair of digitiform projections and a papillary projection.</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 7.5 mm. Wing (Fig. 5b) 3.6 times as long as wide, subhyaline, marked with three brown marks and two brown bands as follows: three elliptic brown marks at base of Rs, at base of M and at midlength of CuA1; median band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering base of R2+3 and r-m, to the bend in distal section of CuA2; subapical band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering tip of R1, R2 and fork of R4+5, to fork of M1+2. Veins brown; Sc ending in C at level of basal half of R2+3; Rs straight, 3 times the length of r-m.</p>
            <p>Male genitalia black. Epandrium (Fig. 5d) bilobed, each lobe strongly elongated and forming a long surstylus, surstylus broadest at base, tapering and curved downward distally, forked at tip, with brown hairs; proctiger with short hairs. Gonocoxite (Fig. 5e) short and swollen, 2 times as long as wide, basal apodeme three-eighths as long as gonocoxite; paramere with a pairs of flaky projections and a vase-shaped projection. Gonostylus (Fig. 5e) irregular rectangular with an elliptic basal projection on inner side with dense short hairs. Hypandrium (Fig. 5f) trapeziform, anterior margin with a pair of C-shaped projections, middle area with a pair of digitiform projections, posterior margin with a pair of digitiform projections and a papillary projection, papillary projection with dense short hairs.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>China (Zhejiang).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p>Only two wings and male genitalia of the holotype were available during the study, while the paratype and the rest of the holotype were not found in CAU. For description and illustration of this species, also see Yang and Chen (1995).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E0C7DE12F57659759AD5B11A95D825DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Shao, Jiaqi;Kang, Zehui	Shao, Jiaqi, Kang, Zehui (2021): New species of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from Zhejiang, China with an updated key to Chinese species. ZooKeys 1070: 87-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779
0728CE901AD65B549A1E764099AB5C0E.text	0728CE901AD65B549A1E764099AB5C0E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ptychoptera longwangshana Yang & Chen 1998	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ptychoptera longwangshana Yang &amp; Chen, 1998</p>
            <p>Figure 5a</p>
            <p> Ptychoptera longwangshana Yang &amp; Chen, 1998: 240. Type locality: Mount Longwangshan, Anji, Zhejiang (China). </p>
            <p>Specimens examined.</p>
            <p>  Holotype male (CAU), China: Zhejiang Province, Anji District,  Mount Longwangshan , 1996.VI.12, Chikun Yang. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Thorax mostly black. Wing marked with two brown marks and two brown bands. Surstylus of epandrium tapering and curved downward distally, curving up at tip. Gonocoxite wide and gonostylus short and small. Apical part of hypandrium with a pair of curved up and trough-shaped projections.</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 8.0 mm. Wing (Fig. 5a) 3.2 times as long as wide, subhyaline, marked with two brown marks and two brown bands as follows: an oval brown mark at base of R, a triangular brown mark at base of Rs; median band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering base of R2+3 and r-m, to middle section of CuA; subapical band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering tip of R1 and R2, to M1+2 fork, slightly separated into two marks. Veins brown; Sc ending in C at level of basal third of R2+3; Rs straight, 3 times the length of r-m.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>China (Zhejiang).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p>Only one wing of the holotype was available during the study, while the rest of the holotype was not found in CAU. For a description and illustration of this species, also see Yang and Chen (1998).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0728CE901AD65B549A1E764099AB5C0E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Shao, Jiaqi;Kang, Zehui	Shao, Jiaqi, Kang, Zehui (2021): New species of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from Zhejiang, China with an updated key to Chinese species. ZooKeys 1070: 87-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779
C04FF001C9AE5F2EA544FDF4429C6B56.text	C04FF001C9AE5F2EA544FDF4429C6B56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ptychoptera tianmushana Shao & Kang 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ptychoptera tianmushana Shao &amp; Kang sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figures 2, 3</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype male (QAU), China, Zhejiang Province,  Lin’an District, Mount Tianmushan, 2019.V.15, Xiao Zhang. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis.</p>
            <p>Wing marked with two brown bands. Epandrium bilobed, each lobe strongly elongated and forming a long surstylus, surstylus broadest at base, tapering and curved downward distally to middle, curving up at tip. Gonostylus with four projections and lobes. Hypandrium rectangular, posterior margin with a V-shaped projection bearing dense long hairs posteriorly, a triangular projection bearing dense short hairs laterally and a pair of elliptic projections bearing dense long hairs posteriorly.</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Male. Body length 7.0 mm, wing length 8.0 mm.</p>
            <p>Head mostly dark brown, except gena yellow with a black elliptical spot intermediately; clypeus yellow; hairs on head dark brown. Compound eyes black without pubescence. Antenna with scape, pedicel and basal half of 1st flagellomere yellow, other flagellomeres light brown, hairs on antenna brown. Proboscis yellow with brown hairs. Palpus yellow with last segment light brown, hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Thorax (Fig. 2b). Pronotum yellow. Propleuron yellow. Mesonotum mostly dark brown with middle area of scutellum yellow and lower half of laterotergite yellow. Mesopleuron uniformly yellow. Coxae and trochanters yellow; fore femur yellow and gradually darkened apically; mid and hind femora yellow with brown ring apically; tibiae yellow with brown ring apically; 1st tarsomere yellow brown and gradually darkened apically, 2nd to 5th tarsomeres uniformly dark brown. Hairs on legs brown. Relative length of 1st to 5th tarsomeres in hind leg as 11.2: 2.8: 1.6: 1: 1. Wing (Fig. 2c) 3.4 times as long as wide, subhyaline, marked with two brown bands as follows: median band broad and distinct, extending from basal part of cell r2+3 to fork of CuA; subapical band extending from anterior margin of wing, covering tip of R1 and R2, fork of R4+5, and extending to fork of M1+2, slightly separated into three marks. Veins brown; Sc ending in C not at level of basal third of R2+3; Rs straight, as long as r-m. Haltere and prehaltere pale yellow with brown hairs.</p>
            <p>Abdomen. First tergum brown, 2nd tergum brown with middle quarter area yellow, 3rd and 4th terga pale yellow with caudal third brown, 5th to 7th terga uniformly brown. Sterna pale yellow. Hairs on abdomen brown.</p>
            <p>Male genitalia yellow. Epandrium (Fig. 3b) bilobed, each lobe strongly elongated and forming a long surstylus, surstylus broadest at base, tapering and curved downward distally to middle, curving up at tip, with brown hairs; proctiger with short hairs. Gonocoxite (Fig. 3c) long and stout, 3 times as long as wide, basal apodeme two-thirds as long as gonocoxite; paramere with a pair of hook-shaped projections and a pair of conical projections. Gonostylus (Fig. 3c) with four projections and lobes: a strong retrose basal projection on inner side with tip bilobate; a broad tongue-shaped lobe on middle area with several long hairs apically; a dumbbell-shaped apical lobe broad basally with uniformly short hairs, apical with dense short setae; an apical hooked projection with several long hairs. Hypandrium (Fig. 3d) rectangular, anterior margin concaved medially, posterior margin with a V-shaped projection bearing dense long hairs posteriorly, a triangular projection bearing dense short hairs laterally and a pair of elliptic projections bearing dense long hairs posteriorly. Aedeagus (Fig. 3e, f): subapical sclerite tongue-shaped, slightly caved bilaterally, apex of subapical sclerite round; subapical sclerite serrated with five teeth when viewed from lateral side.</p>
            <p>Female. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>China (Zhejiang).</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The species is named after the type locality Mount Tianmushan.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> This new species is very similar to  P. emeica from China but can be separated from it by the 6th and 7th sterna of abdomen being yellow, the tip of the surstylus being curved up when viewed from the lateral side, the tip of the retrose basal projection on inner side being bilobate, the paramere having a pair of hook-shaped projections and a pair of conical projections, and the subapical sclerite of aedeagus being serrated with five teeth. In  P. emeica , the 6th and 7th sterna of abdomen are mostly brown, the tip of the surstylus is not curved up when viewed from the lateral side, the tip of the retrose basal projection on inner side is not bilobate, the paramere have a pair of slender L-shaped projections, and the subapical sclerite of aedeagus is serrated with two teeth (Kang et al. 2019). In ecology, they live together with similar habitat. The adult of  P. tianmushana was collected on the plants in close to streams and adults of  P. emeica often found at the margins of streams or in wet forests. This new species is also similar to  P. formosensis from China and Japan but can be separated from it by the 5th and 6th terga of abdomen being dark brown, the tip of the surstylus being curved up, the tip of the retrose basal projection on inner side being bilobate, the tip of gonostylus having a hook-shaped ventral lobe. In  P. formosensis , the 5th and 6th terga of abdomen are mostly yellow, the tip of the surstylus is not curved up, the tip of the retrose basal projection on inner side is not bilobate, the tip of gonostylus have a digitiform ventral lobe (Alexander 1924; Nakamura and Saigusa 2009). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04FF001C9AE5F2EA544FDF4429C6B56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Shao, Jiaqi;Kang, Zehui	Shao, Jiaqi, Kang, Zehui (2021): New species of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from Zhejiang, China with an updated key to Chinese species. ZooKeys 1070: 87-99, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1070.67779
