identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E26406022A4673839AB66C8397F98F.text	03E26406022A4673839AB66C8397F98F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila prosaltans Duda 1927	<div><p>Drosophila prosaltans Duda, 1927</p> <p>(Fig. 1)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strains P 1 (Picinguaba, São Paulo, Brazil): 15 males dissected; P2 (Matão, São Paulo, Brazil): 20 males dissected; and P3 (Cantareira, São Paulo, Brazil): 20 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The hypandrium presents a median gonocoxite with a long hypandrial bristle at the end of each side and the lateral gonocoxites are slightly pointed at the extremities (Fig. 1D). In the phallus, the apex of the aedeagus is flattened, strongly sclerotized, and covered with sharp scales (Fig. 1A–C). The aedeagal sheath (Fig. 1A, C, D) is smooth with “pleats” connected to a serrated edge and it presents spicules-like structures in the dorsal region (Fig. 1C). The aedeagal ventral processes are long and curved back. (Fig. 1B, D). The ventral postgonites extend through the ventral region of the aedeagus to its apex (Fig.1B, D). The pregonites are short, with a bristle on each pregonite (Fig. 1B).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E26406022A4673839AB66C8397F98F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E26406022A4672839AB4548001FF53.text	03E26406022A4672839AB4548001FF53.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila saltans Sturtevant 1916	<div><p>Drosophila saltans Sturtevant, 1916</p> <p>(Fig. 2)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain S 4 (San Jose, Costa Rica): 60 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The hypandrium of this species is very similar to that of D. prosaltans, however, the median gonocoxites, where the hypandrial bristles are inserted, are more rounded, in addition to being smoother and slightly grooved (Fig. 2A, B). In the phallus, the aedeagal apex (Fig. 2A–E) is more flattened than D. prosaltans; it displays longer bristles-like structures (Fig. 2E), instead of scales (D. prosaltans), projecting a punctiform region due to the number of long bristles. The aedeagal sheath is smooth, with a strongly serrated edge (Fig. 2C–E). The aedeagal ventral processes (Fig. 2B, C, E) are short and curved backward. The ventral postgonites are long and extend in parallel across the ventral region of the aedeagus (Fig. 2B, C, E). The pregonites are elongated and curved inward; they extend from the insertion of the phallapodeme to the middle ventral region of aedeagus and each pregonite carries two smaller bristles (Fig. 2C).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E26406022A4672839AB4548001FF53	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E26406022A4673839AB3D48728FB97.text	03E26406022A4673839AB3D48728FB97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila saltans Sturtevant 1916	<div><p>Descriptions saltans subgroup</p> <p>(Figs. 1–7)</p> <p>General description of male terminalia. The epandrium, cerci and surstyli are very similar among species. The dorso-ventral portion of the epandrium is angular. The epandrium is covered with short and long epandrial bristles. The cercus displays a U-shaped contour, and it is covered with cercal bristles. The middle ventral border of the epandrium has a pair of prolongations, named epandrial extension, which extend below each surstylus. The surstyli exhibit a semi-elliptical shape. The surstyli have thorn-like bristles, named surstylar teeth. These structures can range from 20 to 25 and are irregularly arranged throughout the internal portion of each surstylus. Beyond these, the surstyli display each 5-6 primary teeth that are arranged in a row on the lower edge, and they also present a tuft of long bristles, named surstylar long bristles. These species present an aedeagal sheath (aedeagus cape). This structure dorsally surrounds the aedeagus and it is extremely sclerotized. The phallus displays a pair of ventral postgonites (ventral prolongation), which extend from where the aedeagus intersects with the phallapodeme and a pair of aedeagal ventral processes, which are in parallel and on the side of the aedeagus. The phallapodeme is long.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E26406022A4673839AB3D48728FB97	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E26406022C4675839AB4648383F84F.text	03E26406022C4675839AB4648383F84F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila lusaltans Magalhaes 1962	<div><p>Drosophila lusaltans Magalhães, 1962</p> <p>(Fig. 3)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain B 44 (Petionville, Haiti): 20 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The hypandrium presents rounded and convergent median gonocoxites, with a divergent median hypandrial bristle at the end of each side (Fig. 3A, D). The aedeagal apex (Fig. 3A–D) is very similar to that of D. saltans, it also has bristles; however, this species displays an apical groove that isolates two lateral protuberances on the aedeagal apex (Fig. 3B). The aedeagal sheath is smooth, with a serrated edge and it presents a tuft of bristles in the dorsal region (Fig. 3B, C). The aedeagal ventral processes, ventral postgonites and pregonites are very similar to D. saltans (Fig. 3B, C).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E26406022C4675839AB4648383F84F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E26406022D4677839AB5478367FE2A.text	03E26406022D4677839AB5478367FE2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila austrosaltans Spassky 1957	<div><p>Drosophila austrosaltans Spassky, 1957</p> <p>(Fig. 4)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strains A 1 (Matão, São Paulo, Brazil): 32 males dissected; and A2 (Nova Granada, São Paulo, Brazil): 30 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The median gonocoxites of the hypandrium are square and they present a hypandrial bristle on each side (Fig. 4A, C). The aedeagal apex displays a punctiform dorsal protuberance, called aedeagal apical crest (Fig. 4B, C); and this structure as well as the aedeagal apex are covered by scales (Fig. 4B). The aedeagal sheath also differs from the species mentioned above, because it has several serrated and strongly chitinized crests, arranged longitudinally, dorsally, and laterally (Fig. 4B, D). The ventral postgonites extend along the ventral region of the aedeagus, being parallel in the initial portion and divergent at the end (Fig. 4C, D). The aedeagal ventral processes are thin and arranged parallel to each other (Fig. 4D). The pregonites are short and each pregonite displays two bristles (Fig. 4D).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E26406022D4677839AB5478367FE2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E26406022E4676839AB4A3864BFEE3.text	03E26406022E4676839AB4A3864BFEE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila septentriosaltans Magalhaes 1962	<div><p>Drosophila septentriosaltans Magalhães, 1962</p> <p>(Fig. 5)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strains PLR (French Guiana): 15 males dissected; A (French Guiana): 20 males dissected; and SEP (French Guiana): 40 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The surstyli have fewer teeth than other species of this subgroup, with 15 to 16 surstylar teeth irregularly arranged throughout the internal region (Fig. 5A, C). The hypandrium presents enlarged and slightly convergent median gonocoxites, with a small hypandrial bristle at the ends of each side (Fig. 5A). The aedeagal apex is covered by scales (Fig. 5B–D), but the frontal region is smooth, where the phallotrema is found (opening through which sperm passes) (Fig. 5B). The aedeagal sheath as well as in the D. austrosaltans species has serrated and strongly chitinized crests, however it presents only five of these and the lateral crests are more protruding which results in a groove on the dorsal region (Fig. 5C, D). The ventral postgonites are like D. austrosaltans, but shorter (Fig. 5D). The aedeagal ventral processes are smaller than in the other species, they appear as a protuberance that iis in continuity with the pregonites, and they are located just below the ventral postgonites (Fig. 5D). The pregonites are long and curved backward, with the presence of two small bristles in each (Fig. 5D).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E26406022E4676839AB4A3864BFEE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E2640602204679839AB29981A5FD9C.text	03E2640602204679839AB29981A5FD9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila nigrosaltans Magalhaes 1962	<div><p>Drosophila nigrosaltans Magalhães, 1962</p> <p>(Fig. 6)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain NIG (French Guiana): 54 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The median gonocoxites is slightly grooved and presents a divergent hypandrial bristle at the ends of each side (Fig. 6A). The aedeagal apex is elongated and curved back (Fig. 6B–D); it displays scales on the ventral portion and structures like long bristles along the apex (Fig. 6E). The dorsal region of the aedeagus presents a protuberance, named aedeagal dorsal crest (Fig. 6D). The aedeagal sheath is elongated, smooth and without serrated edge (Fig. 6D). The ventral postgonites are thinner at the end, the middle portion of this structure is slightly serrated (Fig. 6B–D). The aedeagal ventral processes are thin, bifurcated and they have the ends facing outwards (Fig. 6B–D). Each pregonite displays two small bristles (Fig. 6B–D).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2640602204679839AB29981A5FD9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E2640602214678839AB2998103FE28.text	03E2640602214678839AB2998103FE28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila pseudosaltans Magalhaes 1956	<div><p>Drosophila pseudosaltans Magalhães, 1956</p> <p>(Fig. 7)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain PSE (Cantareira, São Paulo, Brazil): 61 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The hypandrium, the aedeagal sheath, aedeagal apex, aedeagal ventral processes and pregonites of this species resemble those of D. nigrosaltans (Fig. 7A–E). The aedeagal dorsal crest is lower in D. pseudosaltans (Fig. 7B). The most notable difference between these species is in the ventral postgonites with wider, darker, and slightly bifurcate ends in D. pseudosaltans (Fig. 7B–D).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2640602214678839AB2998103FE28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060221467B839AB57D865FFD9E.text	03E264060221467B839AB57D865FFD9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila sturtevanti Duda 1927	<div><p>sturtevanti subgroup</p> <p>(Figs. 8–11)</p> <p>General description of male terminalia. The characteristics of epandrium, cercus, surstylus, hypandrium and phallapodeme among the species in this subgroup are extremely similar. In the periphallic structures, the epandrium exhibits a pair of processes that extend from the lower ventral border, and are positioned parallel to the aedeagus, named epandrial ventral process. The dorso-ventral region of the epandrium is angular and it is covered with short and long epandrial bristles. The cercus is U-shaped and it is covered with cercal bristles. The surstyli are large and concave. Each surstylus has 13 to 18 surstylar teeth arranged only on the margins of the internal portion and presents a tuft of surstylar long bristles. The hypandrium is small and wide; it displays a pair of small hypandrial bristles on the median gonocoxites. The phallapodeme is short. The aedeagal sheath is absent. The aedeagi of species of this subgroup are the smallest of the saltans group, about 1/20 of the male’s body length. The phallic structures have a pair of pregonites, short, not fused, with a pair of small bristles in each pregonite, only a postgonite (ventral postgonite) and an aedeagal apex with punctate projection. The ventral postgonite does not appear to be flexible in these species. Each species has a particularity in aedeagus that differs from the other species.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060221467B839AB57D865FFD9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060222467B839AB4698774F8F8.text	03E264060222467B839AB4698774F8F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila sturtevanti Duda 1927	<div><p>Drosophila sturtevanti Duda, 1927</p> <p>(Fig. 8)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strains STV-1 (Matão, São Paulo, Brazil): 47 males dissected; STV-2 (Aguaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil): 14 males dissected; and STV-3 (Ribeirão da Ilha, Santa Catarina, Brazil): 10 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The aedeagal apex resembles a horn, where the phallotrema is found (Fig. 8A–C). The ventral postgonite is chitinized, rigid and smooth and the base of this structure together with the upper ventral region of the aedeagus have scales (Fig. 8B, C). The lower base of the aedeagus displays a “caudal” projection (Fig. 8B).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060222467B839AB4698774F8F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060223467A839AB48A81CBF8F1.text	03E264060223467A839AB48A81CBF8F1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila dacunhai Mourao & Bicudo 1967	<div><p>Drosophila dacunhai Mourão &amp; Bicudo, 1967</p> <p>(Fig. 10)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain DAC (Petionville, Haiti): 80 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The structure that most differs in D. dacunhai is the ventral postgonite (Fig. 10A–C). This structure has pointed scales and a groove in its upper portion; besides, it is longer and slightly curved (Fig. 10B, C). In addition, the aedeagal apex is the most flattened and largest (Fig. 10B, C).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060223467A839AB48A81CBF8F1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060223467A839AB29982F0FE2B.text	03E264060223467A839AB29982F0FE2B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila lehrmanae Madi-Ravazzi 2021	<div><p>Drosophila lehrmanae Madi-Ravazzi et al., 2021</p> <p>(Fig. 9)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain STV-like (Camp Nouragues, French Guiana): 80 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The aedeagus of this species is very similar to that of D. sturtevanti (Fig. 9A–C), however, the striking characteristic that differs it from the other species is the relatively short aedeagal apex (Fig. 9B, C). In addition to this, the lower base of the aedeagus has a less pronounced projection than that of D. sturtevanti (Fig. 9B).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060223467A839AB29982F0FE2B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060224467D839AB73A81A4F9CD.text	03E264060224467D839AB73A81A4F9CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila milleri Magalhaes 1962	<div><p>Drosophila milleri Magalhães, 1962</p> <p>(Fig. 11)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strains MI-1 (El Yunque, Puerto Rico): 24 males dissected; and MI-2 (French Guiana): 12 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The aedeagus is more similar to D. dacunhai, as it also presents pointed scales on the ventral postgonite, in addition to a groove in the upper part of it (Fig. 11A–C). The striking characteristic is that the ventral postgonite is wider than the other species in the subgroup (Fig. 11B).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060224467D839AB73A81A4F9CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060224467D839AB49282C2F95D.text	03E264060224467D839AB49282C2F95D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila parasaltans Magalhaes 1956	<div><p>parasaltans s ubgroup</p> <p>(Fig. 12)</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060224467D839AB49282C2F95D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060224467C839AB506835FFD9F.text	03E264060224467C839AB506835FFD9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila parasaltans Magalhaes 1956	<div><p>Drosophila parasaltans Magalhães, 1956</p> <p>(Fig. 12)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain B 17-5 (Belém, Pará, Brazil): 30 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The epandrium displays an angular dorso-ventral region covered with short and long epandrial bristles (Fig. 12C). It presents a pair of epandrial ventral processes similar to the sturtevanti subgroup and epandrial extensions similar to the saltans subgroup (Fig. 12B, C); however, the pair of epandrial extensions protrude from the lower ventral border, they are connected to the epandrial ventral processes, and they are not located proximally below the surstyli (Fig. 12B, C). The cercus is U-shaped, covered with cercal bristles (Fig. 12C). The surstyli morphology of this species is very different; they are concave, in the shape of a “hand” (Fig. 12A, C). Each surstylus has a row of 5 to 6 surtylar teeth on both edges, arranged on the margin of the internal portion, and carries a tuft of small surstylar bristles in the lower region (Fig. 12A, C). The hypandrium is short, thin and carries a long hypandrial bristle on each side of the median gonogoxite (Fig. 12C). The aedeagal sheath is smooth, serrated at the edge and it has no scales or bristles (Fig. 12B, D, E). The aedeagal apex is membranous (Fig. 12B, D, E). The phallus presents a pair of bifurcated ventral postgonites (Fig. 12D), best viewed in the optical image. The dorsal portion of the aedeagus has a unique and membranous structure, which covers the pair of ventral postgonites (Fig. 12D). The pregonites are short and thin; each pregonite presents two or three small bristles (Fig. 12D). The phallapodeme is long (Fig. 12D).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060224467C839AB506835FFD9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060226467E839AB49481ABFF7F.text	03E264060226467E839AB49481ABFF7F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila emarginata Sturtevant 1942	<div><p>Drosophila emarginata Sturtevant, 1942</p> <p>(Fig. 13)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain JD (Vera Cruz, Mexico): 10 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The epandrial ventral processes are divergent (Fig. 13D). The epandrial extensions are located below the surstyli and they present flattened shape at their end (Fig. 13D). Each surstylus has 30 to 35 surstylar teeth, irregularly arranged throughout the internal region, plus 6 thinner primary teeth arranged in a row and a tuft of long surstylar bristles (Fig. 13D). The hypandrium is elongated and thin; the median gonocoxites converge at the end and have hypandrial bristles (Fig. 13A). The aedeagus appears sickle-like (Fig. 13C). The central axis of the aedeagus has a cleft on the dorsal region covered with scales (Fig.13B). The aedeagal apex has a hook shape, with a bipartite and pointed termination (Fig. 13B, C). The aedeagus presents a pair of large and long lateral postgonites (Fig. 13B, C), which are in continuity with the phallapodeme and extend along the entire length of the central axis. The pregonites are fused at the end and have no bristles (Figs. 13C).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060226467E839AB49481ABFF7F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E264060227467E839AB6B181D8F90C.text	03E264060227467E839AB6B181D8F90C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila neoelliptica Pavan e Magalhaes	<div><p>Drosophila neoelliptica Pavan e Magalhães in Pavan, 1950</p> <p>(Fig. 14)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strains NEO-1 (Cantareira, São Paulo, Brazil): 15 males dissected; and NEO-2 (Aguaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil): 20 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. This species has epandrial extensions, aedeagus shape and pregonites very similar to the D. emarginata (Fig. 14B, D, E). The epandrial ventral processes are short and parallel (Fig. 14D). Each surstylus has the smallest number of surstylar teeth, with an average of 20 chitinous teeth, irregularly arranged throughout the internal region, plus 6 thinner primary teeth arranged in a row and a tuft of surstylar bristles (Fig. 14A, D). The hypandrium is very similar to that of D. emarginata, however the median gonocoxites are divergent at the end (Fig. 14C, D). The most notable characteristics that differ in relation to D. emarginata are found in the aedeagus, due to the presence of a ventral protuberance, named aedeagal ventral crest and the central axis of the aedeagus has a long ventral protuberance (Fig. 14B, E). The phallapodeme is longer (Fig. 14E).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E264060227467E839AB6B181D8F90C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E2640602274661839AB4D583AEFE73.text	03E2640602274661839AB4D583AEFE73.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila neosaltans Pavan e Magalhaes	<div><p>Drosophila neosaltans Pavan e Magalhães in Pavan, 1950</p> <p>(Fig. 15)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strains H 1 (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil): 21 males dissected; and AG (Aguaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil): 15 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. Although this species belongs to the elliptica subgroup, it is the one that most differs from the others in its subgroup. The epandrium does not present the epandrial ventral processes in the ventral region; instead, this region displays two small saliences (Fig. 15C). The epandrial extensions are very similar to those of D. emarginata and D. neoelliptica (Fig.15C, D). Each surstylus has approximately 34 surstylar teeth, irregularly arranged throughout the internal region, plus 7 thinner primary teeth arranged in a row and a tuft of long surstylar bristles (Fig. 15B–D). The hypandrium is similar to D. emarginata and D. neoelliptica, elongated and thin, however, the bristles are located at the end of each side of the median gonocoxite (Fig. 15C). The aedeagus is the smallest of this subgroup and the apex does not end in a hook shape, but in a cylindrical shape, forming a groove at its end (Fig. 15A–E). The dorsal portion of the aedeagus is covered by long scales-like structures (Fig. 15A, D). As in D. neoelliptica, this species has a structure called aedeagal ventral crest, but this structure is formed by two isolated protuberances on the central and ventral axis of the aedeagus and it is covered with scales (Fig. 15A, E). The lateral postgonites are smaller and taper at the extremity (Fig. 15A, D, E). The pregonites are not fused and have a bristle at each end (Fig. 15E).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2640602274661839AB4D583AEFE73	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
03E2640602394663839AB49280FEFE2B.text	03E2640602394663839AB49280FEFE2B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Drosophila neocordata Magalhaes 1956	<div><p>Drosophila neocordata Magalhães, 1956</p> <p>(Fig. 16)</p> <p>Non-type material. Strain CG (Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil): 12 males dissected.</p> <p>Male terminalia. The dorso-ventral region of the epandrium is angular. The epandrium is covered with short and long epandrial bristles (Fig. 16E). The cercus is U-shaped, covered with cercal bristles (Fig. 16E). The surstyli is concave and has a row of 5 to 6 surstylar teeth arranged throughout the internal portion of each surstylus and a tuft of long surstylar bristles at the inferior region (Fig. 16E). Each surstylus of this species have a unique characteristic, not seen in other subgroups, the surstylar process. This structure is found connected to each surtylus and it has surstylar teeth at its ends (Fig. 16E). The hypandrium is small and it has a median gonocoxites, with the presence of a hypandrial bristle at each end (Fig. 16A). The aedeagus presents a pair of chitinous hooks in the frontal region of the aedeagal apex, which extend to the ventral region of the aedeagus body (Fig. 16A–D). There is a pair of long protuberances, serrated at the edge, arranged laterally, and fused to the aedeagus; we suggest that these protuberances can be the aedeagal sheath partly fused to the aedeagus body (Fig. 16B, C). The pregonites are more different, they seem to be fused into a single structure, and present two small pregonal bristles (Fig. 16B, C). The ventral postgonites are long, thin, and bifurcated in the middle region; they are also folded inward at their ends, which fit into the chitinous hooks (Fig. 16B–D). The pregonite and the ventral postgonites are connected to the phallapodeme (Fig. 16B–D). The phallapodeme is short and thin (Fig. 16B, D).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2640602394663839AB49280FEFE2B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Roman, Bruna Emilia;Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian	Roman, Bruna Emilia, Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian (2021): Male terminalia morphology of sixteen species of the Drosophila saltans group Sturtevant (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Zootaxa 5061 (3): 523-544, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.7
