taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
092F87C1064FDB0FFF28CFDA2E8AF84A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656383/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656383	FIGURE 1. Comparison between Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotypes A, B, and C, and K. tubiflora. A. Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype A, a form growing variously in Israel and is indistinguishable from K. ×houghtonii ‘J.T. Baldwin’, showing large, lanceolate leaves, and large, medially inflated, magenta, K. tubiflora-like flowers; the inflorescences are large and distinct. B–C. Details of the leaf (B) and salmon-pink flowers (C) of a similar form of K. ×houghtonii Morphotype A; material growing invasively in Porto Covo, southern coastal Portugal. D. The large, orange-red, medially rounded flowers of K. tubiflora on an indistinct peduncle, also growing invasively in Portugal. E–F. The two cultivars of K. ×houghtonii Morphotype B: K. ×houghtonii ‘Hybrida’ with a decussate leaf arrangement (E) and K. ×houghtonii ‘Pink Butterflies’ with a tricussate leaf arrangement (F), both showing ovate leaves. G. Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype C, showing linear leaves with ≥10 denticules along the leaf margins, i.e., more than the number diagnostic for K. tubiflora, and a lower number of bulbil pedestals. H–J. The sub-terete leaves of three distinct clones of K. tubiflora, all apically showing 6–8 margin denticules per leaf and an equal number of bulbil pedestals. Photographs: Gideon F. Smith (B–D), Ronen Shtein (rest).	FIGURE 1. Comparison between Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotypes A, B, and C, and K. tubiflora. A. Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype A, a form growing variously in Israel and is indistinguishable from K. ×houghtonii ‘J.T. Baldwin’, showing large, lanceolate leaves, and large, medially inflated, magenta, K. tubiflora-like flowers; the inflorescences are large and distinct. B–C. Details of the leaf (B) and salmon-pink flowers (C) of a similar form of K. ×houghtonii Morphotype A; material growing invasively in Porto Covo, southern coastal Portugal. D. The large, orange-red, medially rounded flowers of K. tubiflora on an indistinct peduncle, also growing invasively in Portugal. E–F. The two cultivars of K. ×houghtonii Morphotype B: K. ×houghtonii ‘Hybrida’ with a decussate leaf arrangement (E) and K. ×houghtonii ‘Pink Butterflies’ with a tricussate leaf arrangement (F), both showing ovate leaves. G. Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype C, showing linear leaves with ≥10 denticules along the leaf margins, i.e., more than the number diagnostic for K. tubiflora, and a lower number of bulbil pedestals. H–J. The sub-terete leaves of three distinct clones of K. tubiflora, all apically showing 6–8 margin denticules per leaf and an equal number of bulbil pedestals. Photographs: Gideon F. Smith (B–D), Ronen Shtein (rest).	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C1064FDB0FFF28CFDA2E8AF84A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656387/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656387	FIGURE 2. Comparison between two forms of Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype D, which is alternatively treated as K. daigremontiana and potentially represent K. daigremontiana × K.×houghtonii. Both forms lack the large, medially inflated, orange, red or magenta flowers of the other K. ×houghtonii Morphotypes discussed in this paper, the leaf arrangement generally remains decussate, and the leaf blade base is peltate when plants reach maturity. A–D. A form originating from the Toliara region, southern Madagascar, showing saddle-shaped, peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, subentire margins on leaves of young plants, abaxial maculation patterns resembling those of K. daigremontiana, and uniquely, sepals that are barely fused. E–H. Kalanchoe ‘Parsel Tongue’, reportedly a garden hybrid that arose spontaneously, showing funnel-shaped peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, dentate margins even on leaves of young plants, uniquely granular abaxial maculation patterns distinct from those of any other kalanchoe of the K. daigremontiana species complex, and sepals that are fused for half of their length, as observed in K. daigremontiana. Also note that these two forms differ significantly in the length of their corollae. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 2. Comparison between two forms of Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype D, which is alternatively treated as K. daigremontiana and potentially represent K. daigremontiana × K.×houghtonii. Both forms lack the large, medially inflated, orange, red or magenta flowers of the other K. ×houghtonii Morphotypes discussed in this paper, the leaf arrangement generally remains decussate, and the leaf blade base is peltate when plants reach maturity. A–D. A form originating from the Toliara region, southern Madagascar, showing saddle-shaped, peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, subentire margins on leaves of young plants, abaxial maculation patterns resembling those of K. daigremontiana, and uniquely, sepals that are barely fused. E–H. Kalanchoe ‘Parsel Tongue’, reportedly a garden hybrid that arose spontaneously, showing funnel-shaped peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, dentate margins even on leaves of young plants, uniquely granular abaxial maculation patterns distinct from those of any other kalanchoe of the K. daigremontiana species complex, and sepals that are fused for half of their length, as observed in K. daigremontiana. Also note that these two forms differ significantly in the length of their corollae. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656397/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656397	FIGURE 7. Kalanchoe laetivirens. A–B. Plants growing in habitat, in the Isalo Massif, Madagascar, with some desiccated peduncles visible, showing the colouration and growth habit characteristic of the species. C–D. Plant grown in culture, in Israel, showing the characteristic light green colouration, often pinkish abaxial leaf surface, a multitude of bulbils and bulbil pedestals per leaf, erect leaf blade base auricles, basally thick stem and leaf petioles, and pink flowers with a small calyx and a calyx tube about as long as the free sepal segments. Photographs: A–B, Jun Ikeda; C–D, Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 7. Kalanchoe laetivirens. A–B. Plants growing in habitat, in the Isalo Massif, Madagascar, with some desiccated peduncles visible, showing the colouration and growth habit characteristic of the species. C–D. Plant grown in culture, in Israel, showing the characteristic light green colouration, often pinkish abaxial leaf surface, a multitude of bulbils and bulbil pedestals per leaf, erect leaf blade base auricles, basally thick stem and leaf petioles, and pink flowers with a small calyx and a calyx tube about as long as the free sepal segments. Photographs: A–B, Jun Ikeda; C–D, Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656403/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656403	FIGURE 9.All documented occurrences of representatives of the Kalanchoe daigremontiana species complex, and associated interspecific hybrids, in southern Madagascar. The precise locality of the type of K. tubiflora in Madagascar is insufficiently known to be placed (see Figueiredo & Smith 2017: 771). Overlapping markers are separated using Point Displacement in QGIS, except of the marker of the locality of the neotype of K. sanctula which is overlapped by the marker of the type of the name and is not displayed. © OpenStreetMap contributors. Locality information is included in the Supplementary file.	FIGURE 9.All documented occurrences of representatives of the Kalanchoe daigremontiana species complex, and associated interspecific hybrids, in southern Madagascar. The precise locality of the type of K. tubiflora in Madagascar is insufficiently known to be placed (see Figueiredo & Smith 2017: 771). Overlapping markers are separated using Point Displacement in QGIS, except of the marker of the locality of the neotype of K. sanctula which is overlapped by the marker of the type of the name and is not displayed. © OpenStreetMap contributors. Locality information is included in the Supplementary file.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656393/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656393	FIGURE 5. Some bulbiliferous kalanchoes in the Arboretum d’Antsokay, Madagascar. A–C. Kalanchoe laetivirens. D–F. Kalanchoe ×descoingsii. Both taxa show some abaxially pinkish leaves, especially towards the margin, almost acaulescent pseudo-rosulate growth habit, and apically obtuse to rounded leaves. While K. laetivirens is otherwise of green colouration and showing broad rounded-triangular leaves that are unspotted abaxially, K. ×descoingsii is of a darker colouration and shows narrowly elliptical, abaxially maculate leaves. Photographs: Jun Ikeda.	FIGURE 5. Some bulbiliferous kalanchoes in the Arboretum d’Antsokay, Madagascar. A–C. Kalanchoe laetivirens. D–F. Kalanchoe ×descoingsii. Both taxa show some abaxially pinkish leaves, especially towards the margin, almost acaulescent pseudo-rosulate growth habit, and apically obtuse to rounded leaves. While K. laetivirens is otherwise of green colouration and showing broad rounded-triangular leaves that are unspotted abaxially, K. ×descoingsii is of a darker colouration and shows narrowly elliptical, abaxially maculate leaves. Photographs: Jun Ikeda.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656407/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656407	FIGURE 10. A hybrid between Kalanchoe daigremontiana and K. laxiflora, created and cultivated, in Israel. A. Young plant in vegetative growth, showing some peltate leaves and almost exclusively mid-greencolouration.B.A mature plant (top) compared to K.daigremontiana (bottom), showing heterosis with both leaf size and plant height greatly exceeding that of either parent. No bulbil pedestals are present, and a single bulbil is visible at the leaf apex. C. Close up of the abaxial leaf blade surface almost devoid of the dark purple-brown stripes characteristic of K. daigremontiana. D. Deep red flowers with a calyx tube longer than the free sepal segments. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 10. A hybrid between Kalanchoe daigremontiana and K. laxiflora, created and cultivated, in Israel. A. Young plant in vegetative growth, showing some peltate leaves and almost exclusively mid-greencolouration.B.A mature plant (top) compared to K.daigremontiana (bottom), showing heterosis with both leaf size and plant height greatly exceeding that of either parent. No bulbil pedestals are present, and a single bulbil is visible at the leaf apex. C. Close up of the abaxial leaf blade surface almost devoid of the dark purple-brown stripes characteristic of K. daigremontiana. D. Deep red flowers with a calyx tube longer than the free sepal segments. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656411/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656411	FIGURE 11. Two hybrids of the combination Kalanchoe daigremontiana × K. fedtschenkoi, created by Hung I Lu in cultivation in Israel (A, B), and created by Sheng Jian Lu in cultivation in Taiwan (C, D). A. Plant in bud with no bulbil formation or bulbil pedestals visible, though few occasional bulbils are produced. B. Two trilobate leaves, only barely auriculate. C. Dense inflorescences. D. Close up of the salmon-coloured flowers, showing a calyx tube longer than the free sepal segments. In the background, dentate, basally cuneate leaves are visible. Photographs:A–B, Ronen Shtein; C–D, Sheng Jian Lu.	FIGURE 11. Two hybrids of the combination Kalanchoe daigremontiana × K. fedtschenkoi, created by Hung I Lu in cultivation in Israel (A, B), and created by Sheng Jian Lu in cultivation in Taiwan (C, D). A. Plant in bud with no bulbil formation or bulbil pedestals visible, though few occasional bulbils are produced. B. Two trilobate leaves, only barely auriculate. C. Dense inflorescences. D. Close up of the salmon-coloured flowers, showing a calyx tube longer than the free sepal segments. In the background, dentate, basally cuneate leaves are visible. Photographs:A–B, Ronen Shtein; C–D, Sheng Jian Lu.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656401/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656401	FIGURE 8. Kalanchoe sanctula in cultivation, in Israel. A. Apex of a plant showing the characteristic yellowish or brownish green colouration and dark leaf margins. B. A peltate leaf, bearing numerous bulbils and bulbil pedestals; also showing bulbils bearing bulbils themselves, as well as roots. C. Plants at early anthesis with peduncular leaves still present, transitioning from ovate auriculate to attenuate lanceolate. Flowers have a small calyx and a highly medially inflated, green-infused, pink corolla that is much wider than the calyx in width. D. Flower colour later in anthesis. E. Plant in flower, displaying yellow leaf colouration, a comparatively large reproductive part, and wilted peduncular leaves. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 8. Kalanchoe sanctula in cultivation, in Israel. A. Apex of a plant showing the characteristic yellowish or brownish green colouration and dark leaf margins. B. A peltate leaf, bearing numerous bulbils and bulbil pedestals; also showing bulbils bearing bulbils themselves, as well as roots. C. Plants at early anthesis with peduncular leaves still present, transitioning from ovate auriculate to attenuate lanceolate. Flowers have a small calyx and a highly medially inflated, green-infused, pink corolla that is much wider than the calyx in width. D. Flower colour later in anthesis. E. Plant in flower, displaying yellow leaf colouration, a comparatively large reproductive part, and wilted peduncular leaves. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656395/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656395	FIGURE 6. Some bulbiliferous kalanchoes in the Arboretum d’Antsokay. A–B. Kalanchoe daigremontiana showing deeply peltate, longtriangular leaves that are apically acute.Abaxially, the leaves are greyish, and maculate with dark blotches especially towards the margins. The overall khaki green colouration and spotted petiole may suggest some influence from K. tubiflora. More conspicuously admixtured plants are known from other localities in the Toliara and Onilahy regions of Madagascar, as discussed in the text.C–E. Kalanchoe tubiflora showing some variation in the overall colouration of the plants. It is not known which of the forms of K. tubiflora that are cultivated in the Arboretum are native to the Toliara region, and which were introduced from elsewhere in Madagascar. Photographs: Jun Ikeda.	FIGURE 6. Some bulbiliferous kalanchoes in the Arboretum d’Antsokay. A–B. Kalanchoe daigremontiana showing deeply peltate, longtriangular leaves that are apically acute.Abaxially, the leaves are greyish, and maculate with dark blotches especially towards the margins. The overall khaki green colouration and spotted petiole may suggest some influence from K. tubiflora. More conspicuously admixtured plants are known from other localities in the Toliara and Onilahy regions of Madagascar, as discussed in the text.C–E. Kalanchoe tubiflora showing some variation in the overall colouration of the plants. It is not known which of the forms of K. tubiflora that are cultivated in the Arboretum are native to the Toliara region, and which were introduced from elsewhere in Madagascar. Photographs: Jun Ikeda.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656389/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656389	FIGURE 3. Habit and inflorescences of Kalanchoe ×descoingsii (R. Shtein 501). A. Apical view of plant in bud, showing the green, small-sized, succulent, acute-tipped flower buds. B. Lateral view of plant showing the unusual phenological transition in leaf shape and node spacing, and the indistinct stem-peduncle transition. C. Leaves in the apical ¼ of the stem; the leaves are dark purple-coloured, well-spaced, attenuate, oblanceolate, and the margins subentire, except apically. D. Basal portion of the stem, showing extremely short nodes and densely arranged, conspicuous leaf scars. The striped and distinctly auriculate base of the leaf blade in side view, with bulbils and bulbil pedestals visible. E. Detail of the flower-bearing portion of the inflorescence at early anthesis, showing the purple-tanned buds and pink corollas that are whitish green when emerging. F. Close-up of the fairly short dichasial cyme, and pink flowers. G. Details of the internally medially orange and apically pink corolla, the yellow pollen, the cuneate carpels dressed with short, rounded nectar scales, and the rounded calyx. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 3. Habit and inflorescences of Kalanchoe ×descoingsii (R. Shtein 501). A. Apical view of plant in bud, showing the green, small-sized, succulent, acute-tipped flower buds. B. Lateral view of plant showing the unusual phenological transition in leaf shape and node spacing, and the indistinct stem-peduncle transition. C. Leaves in the apical ¼ of the stem; the leaves are dark purple-coloured, well-spaced, attenuate, oblanceolate, and the margins subentire, except apically. D. Basal portion of the stem, showing extremely short nodes and densely arranged, conspicuous leaf scars. The striped and distinctly auriculate base of the leaf blade in side view, with bulbils and bulbil pedestals visible. E. Detail of the flower-bearing portion of the inflorescence at early anthesis, showing the purple-tanned buds and pink corollas that are whitish green when emerging. F. Close-up of the fairly short dichasial cyme, and pink flowers. G. Details of the internally medially orange and apically pink corolla, the yellow pollen, the cuneate carpels dressed with short, rounded nectar scales, and the rounded calyx. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10647DB0BFF28CFB02C44F99F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656387/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656387	FIGURE 2. Comparison between two forms of Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype D, which is alternatively treated as K. daigremontiana and potentially represent K. daigremontiana × K.×houghtonii. Both forms lack the large, medially inflated, orange, red or magenta flowers of the other K. ×houghtonii Morphotypes discussed in this paper, the leaf arrangement generally remains decussate, and the leaf blade base is peltate when plants reach maturity. A–D. A form originating from the Toliara region, southern Madagascar, showing saddle-shaped, peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, subentire margins on leaves of young plants, abaxial maculation patterns resembling those of K. daigremontiana, and uniquely, sepals that are barely fused. E–H. Kalanchoe ‘Parsel Tongue’, reportedly a garden hybrid that arose spontaneously, showing funnel-shaped peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, dentate margins even on leaves of young plants, uniquely granular abaxial maculation patterns distinct from those of any other kalanchoe of the K. daigremontiana species complex, and sepals that are fused for half of their length, as observed in K. daigremontiana. Also note that these two forms differ significantly in the length of their corollae. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 2. Comparison between two forms of Kalanchoe ×houghtonii Morphotype D, which is alternatively treated as K. daigremontiana and potentially represent K. daigremontiana × K.×houghtonii. Both forms lack the large, medially inflated, orange, red or magenta flowers of the other K. ×houghtonii Morphotypes discussed in this paper, the leaf arrangement generally remains decussate, and the leaf blade base is peltate when plants reach maturity. A–D. A form originating from the Toliara region, southern Madagascar, showing saddle-shaped, peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, subentire margins on leaves of young plants, abaxial maculation patterns resembling those of K. daigremontiana, and uniquely, sepals that are barely fused. E–H. Kalanchoe ‘Parsel Tongue’, reportedly a garden hybrid that arose spontaneously, showing funnel-shaped peltate leaf blade bases on mature leaves, dentate margins even on leaves of young plants, uniquely granular abaxial maculation patterns distinct from those of any other kalanchoe of the K. daigremontiana species complex, and sepals that are fused for half of their length, as observed in K. daigremontiana. Also note that these two forms differ significantly in the length of their corollae. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10640DB08FF28C94C2B58FE1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656401/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656401	FIGURE 8. Kalanchoe sanctula in cultivation, in Israel. A. Apex of a plant showing the characteristic yellowish or brownish green colouration and dark leaf margins. B. A peltate leaf, bearing numerous bulbils and bulbil pedestals; also showing bulbils bearing bulbils themselves, as well as roots. C. Plants at early anthesis with peduncular leaves still present, transitioning from ovate auriculate to attenuate lanceolate. Flowers have a small calyx and a highly medially inflated, green-infused, pink corolla that is much wider than the calyx in width. D. Flower colour later in anthesis. E. Plant in flower, displaying yellow leaf colouration, a comparatively large reproductive part, and wilted peduncular leaves. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 8. Kalanchoe sanctula in cultivation, in Israel. A. Apex of a plant showing the characteristic yellowish or brownish green colouration and dark leaf margins. B. A peltate leaf, bearing numerous bulbils and bulbil pedestals; also showing bulbils bearing bulbils themselves, as well as roots. C. Plants at early anthesis with peduncular leaves still present, transitioning from ovate auriculate to attenuate lanceolate. Flowers have a small calyx and a highly medially inflated, green-infused, pink corolla that is much wider than the calyx in width. D. Flower colour later in anthesis. E. Plant in flower, displaying yellow leaf colouration, a comparatively large reproductive part, and wilted peduncular leaves. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10640DB08FF28C94C2B58FE1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656403/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656403	FIGURE 9.All documented occurrences of representatives of the Kalanchoe daigremontiana species complex, and associated interspecific hybrids, in southern Madagascar. The precise locality of the type of K. tubiflora in Madagascar is insufficiently known to be placed (see Figueiredo & Smith 2017: 771). Overlapping markers are separated using Point Displacement in QGIS, except of the marker of the locality of the neotype of K. sanctula which is overlapped by the marker of the type of the name and is not displayed. © OpenStreetMap contributors. Locality information is included in the Supplementary file.	FIGURE 9.All documented occurrences of representatives of the Kalanchoe daigremontiana species complex, and associated interspecific hybrids, in southern Madagascar. The precise locality of the type of K. tubiflora in Madagascar is insufficiently known to be placed (see Figueiredo & Smith 2017: 771). Overlapping markers are separated using Point Displacement in QGIS, except of the marker of the locality of the neotype of K. sanctula which is overlapped by the marker of the type of the name and is not displayed. © OpenStreetMap contributors. Locality information is included in the Supplementary file.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10643DB17FF28CD032A2FFE3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656389/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656389	FIGURE 3. Habit and inflorescences of Kalanchoe ×descoingsii (R. Shtein 501). A. Apical view of plant in bud, showing the green, small-sized, succulent, acute-tipped flower buds. B. Lateral view of plant showing the unusual phenological transition in leaf shape and node spacing, and the indistinct stem-peduncle transition. C. Leaves in the apical ¼ of the stem; the leaves are dark purple-coloured, well-spaced, attenuate, oblanceolate, and the margins subentire, except apically. D. Basal portion of the stem, showing extremely short nodes and densely arranged, conspicuous leaf scars. The striped and distinctly auriculate base of the leaf blade in side view, with bulbils and bulbil pedestals visible. E. Detail of the flower-bearing portion of the inflorescence at early anthesis, showing the purple-tanned buds and pink corollas that are whitish green when emerging. F. Close-up of the fairly short dichasial cyme, and pink flowers. G. Details of the internally medially orange and apically pink corolla, the yellow pollen, the cuneate carpels dressed with short, rounded nectar scales, and the rounded calyx. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 3. Habit and inflorescences of Kalanchoe ×descoingsii (R. Shtein 501). A. Apical view of plant in bud, showing the green, small-sized, succulent, acute-tipped flower buds. B. Lateral view of plant showing the unusual phenological transition in leaf shape and node spacing, and the indistinct stem-peduncle transition. C. Leaves in the apical ¼ of the stem; the leaves are dark purple-coloured, well-spaced, attenuate, oblanceolate, and the margins subentire, except apically. D. Basal portion of the stem, showing extremely short nodes and densely arranged, conspicuous leaf scars. The striped and distinctly auriculate base of the leaf blade in side view, with bulbils and bulbil pedestals visible. E. Detail of the flower-bearing portion of the inflorescence at early anthesis, showing the purple-tanned buds and pink corollas that are whitish green when emerging. F. Close-up of the fairly short dichasial cyme, and pink flowers. G. Details of the internally medially orange and apically pink corolla, the yellow pollen, the cuneate carpels dressed with short, rounded nectar scales, and the rounded calyx. Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10643DB17FF28CD032A2FFE3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656391/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656391	FIGURE 4. Phenological transitions in the leaves of Kalanchoe ×descoingsii (R. Shtein 501). A. Transition from the distal, attenuate, oblanceolate leaves, to the medial, auriculate oblong leaves. B. Medial leaves showing the pink, distinctly blotched petiole, pink margins, and central veining pattern, minute adaxial maculation, and the overall bright light green leaf colour. The leaf blade is oblong, roundtipped, minutely auriculate at the base, strongly dentate, and well-developed bulbil pedestals with abscission scars can be seen in the apical ½. C. Medial leaves showing the round-obtuse apex, oblong leaf blade shape, and colouration. D. Leaf in the basal ¼ of the stem, close to wilting and abaxially striped, showing spathulate pedestals subducting large denticules all around the leaf blade margin with a few bulbils still attached, a deeply auriculate leaf blade base, as well as a similar colouration as in F, but with the blade overall a darker olive green. E–F. Comparative view of the K. tubiflora-like bulbils that are still attached to a leaf, and rooted bulbils with the appearance of those of K. laetivirens. F. Basal, obtuse-tipped leaf with darker colouration, a generally oblong leaf blade shape, but showing the characteristic widened and auriculate base.The dark colouration and below-the-leaf position of the still-attached bulbils is notable, compared to the light green, K. laetivirens-like bulbils in the background. Each bulbil is attached to a dedicated pedestal (obscured from view by the leaf blade margins). Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	FIGURE 4. Phenological transitions in the leaves of Kalanchoe ×descoingsii (R. Shtein 501). A. Transition from the distal, attenuate, oblanceolate leaves, to the medial, auriculate oblong leaves. B. Medial leaves showing the pink, distinctly blotched petiole, pink margins, and central veining pattern, minute adaxial maculation, and the overall bright light green leaf colour. The leaf blade is oblong, roundtipped, minutely auriculate at the base, strongly dentate, and well-developed bulbil pedestals with abscission scars can be seen in the apical ½. C. Medial leaves showing the round-obtuse apex, oblong leaf blade shape, and colouration. D. Leaf in the basal ¼ of the stem, close to wilting and abaxially striped, showing spathulate pedestals subducting large denticules all around the leaf blade margin with a few bulbils still attached, a deeply auriculate leaf blade base, as well as a similar colouration as in F, but with the blade overall a darker olive green. E–F. Comparative view of the K. tubiflora-like bulbils that are still attached to a leaf, and rooted bulbils with the appearance of those of K. laetivirens. F. Basal, obtuse-tipped leaf with darker colouration, a generally oblong leaf blade shape, but showing the characteristic widened and auriculate base.The dark colouration and below-the-leaf position of the still-attached bulbils is notable, compared to the light green, K. laetivirens-like bulbils in the background. Each bulbil is attached to a dedicated pedestal (obscured from view by the leaf blade margins). Photographs: Ronen Shtein.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10643DB17FF28CD032A2FFE3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656413/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656413	FIGURE 12. A. Bernard Marie Descoings (1931–2018), when visiting Mr Jean-Luc Billouet’s succulent collection inApril 2012.B. When aloe specialist Dr (h.c.) Gilbert W. Reynolds, visited Madagascar in the 1950s, Descoings, then a young man in his mid-20s, accompanied and assisted him (Reynolds 1958: 6–7, 146, Fig. 100, Reynolds 1966: ix, 515, Fig. 543). Descoings here stands next to a large specimen of Aloestrela suzannae (Decary 1921: 26) Molteno & Gideon F.Sm. in Smith & Molteno (2019:5). The original of the black-and-white image was likely held in Herb. PRE along with parts of the archives of Reynolds, but is apparently no longer extant. Photographs: A, Jean-Luc Billouet; B, unknown; likely G.W. Reynolds.	FIGURE 12. A. Bernard Marie Descoings (1931–2018), when visiting Mr Jean-Luc Billouet’s succulent collection inApril 2012.B. When aloe specialist Dr (h.c.) Gilbert W. Reynolds, visited Madagascar in the 1950s, Descoings, then a young man in his mid-20s, accompanied and assisted him (Reynolds 1958: 6–7, 146, Fig. 100, Reynolds 1966: ix, 515, Fig. 543). Descoings here stands next to a large specimen of Aloestrela suzannae (Decary 1921: 26) Molteno & Gideon F.Sm. in Smith & Molteno (2019:5). The original of the black-and-white image was likely held in Herb. PRE along with parts of the archives of Reynolds, but is apparently no longer extant. Photographs: A, Jean-Luc Billouet; B, unknown; likely G.W. Reynolds.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
092F87C10643DB17FF28CD032A2FFE3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/5656403/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5656403	FIGURE 9.All documented occurrences of representatives of the Kalanchoe daigremontiana species complex, and associated interspecific hybrids, in southern Madagascar. The precise locality of the type of K. tubiflora in Madagascar is insufficiently known to be placed (see Figueiredo & Smith 2017: 771). Overlapping markers are separated using Point Displacement in QGIS, except of the marker of the locality of the neotype of K. sanctula which is overlapped by the marker of the type of the name and is not displayed. © OpenStreetMap contributors. Locality information is included in the Supplementary file.	FIGURE 9.All documented occurrences of representatives of the Kalanchoe daigremontiana species complex, and associated interspecific hybrids, in southern Madagascar. The precise locality of the type of K. tubiflora in Madagascar is insufficiently known to be placed (see Figueiredo & Smith 2017: 771). Overlapping markers are separated using Point Displacement in QGIS, except of the marker of the locality of the neotype of K. sanctula which is overlapped by the marker of the type of the name and is not displayed. © OpenStreetMap contributors. Locality information is included in the Supplementary file.	2021-11-09	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun		Zenodo	biologists	Shtein, Ronen;Smith, Gideon F.;Ikeda, Jun			
