taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C787F17A3EA333FD60FC96AB10CD66.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Libanobythus milkii Prentice and Poinar In Prentice et al., 1996, monobasic and original designation. Lybanobythus Azevedo, 1999: 2. Lapsus calami.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3EA333FD60FC96AB10CD66.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Head broad; frontal prominence absent; clypeus transverse, clypeal apex short; face lateral to antennal torulus flat; ocelli forming equilateral triangle, near upper tangent of compound eyes; occipital carina present; pronotal collar present, dorsal surface of pronotum nearly 1.5 times as long as mesoscutum; propleura well developed, anteriorly forming a long neck; notauli absent; prosternum large, exposed, diamondshaped; parapsidal lines absent; forewing with open marginal cell; Rs long, much longer than pterostigma, terminating near anterior wing margin, tubular over entire length; R 1 absent; margin of pterostigma within marginal cell convex; 1 m-cu present, tubular; Rs + M tubular; Cu basad 1 m-cu tubular, distad 1 m-cu nebulous; first submarginal cell short; metafemur not flattened; tibial spur formula 1 - 1 - 1; pretarsal claws simple. Refer also to Prentice et al. (1996) for additional characters.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3EA333FD60FC96AB10CD66.taxon	discussion	COMMENTS: Prentice et al. (1996) considered Libanobythus to be sister to all other scolebythid genera based on the presence of a pronotal collar. A cladistic analysis of the family (Carpenter, 1999; Lacau et al., 2000; see below), however, places Libanobythus in a clade with other, principally fossil genera and not as sister to the remaining scolebythid taxa. The pronotal collar of Libanobythus would thus appear to be a secondary reversal and not plesiomorphic. Further details of the cladistic analysis are presented below.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3EA335FC9CFF2FAE71CF4C.taxon	type_taxon	Type genus: Scolebythus Evans, 1963.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3EA335FC9CFF2FAE71CF4C.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Typically slender wasps without heavy sculpturing, ranging in size from ca. 2 – 12 mm in total length. Head hypognathous; pronotum lacking anterior flange such that propleura visible in dorsal aspect; pronotal posterior dorsal-facing surface (i. e., pronotal collar sensu Goulet and Huber, 1993) frequently greatly reduced; propleura widely separated posteriorly, with large, exposed, diamond-shaped prosterum; protrochanter inserted laterally near base of procoxa; meso- and metatibiae with long slender setae only; macropterous; hind wing lacking closed cells, with C long and Sc + Rs absent.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FF47FE9CA931CD66.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES: Boreobythus turonius, new species.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FF47FE9CA931CD66.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Head elongate (fig. 2); frontal prominence absent; clypeal apex weakly produced; malar space apparently more than onehalf basal mandibular width; face lateral to antennal torulus flat; compound eyes relatively small, length only slightly more than distance from upper tangent of compound eyes to preoccipital ridge; inner margins of compound eyes very minutely converging below; ocelli almost entirely obscured by fine layer of microscopic bubbles but apparently near upper tangent of compound eyes; occipital carina absent; pronotal collar present, dorsal surface of pronotum nearly 1.5 times as long as mesoscutum; propleura well developed, anteriorly forming a short neck; notauli absent; prosternum large, exposed, broadly triangular posteriorly (fig. 2); parapsidal lines absent; forewing with open marginal cell; Rs long, much longer than pterostigma, terminating near anterior wing margin (fig. 2), tubular over entire length; R 1 present on wing margin; pterostigma relatively small, margin within marginal cell convex; 1 m-cu present, tubular; Rs + M tubular; Cu distad separation from M nebulous (i. e., abscissae basad and distad 1 m-cu nebulous); first submarginal cell short; metafemur not flattened; tibial spur formula indeterminate from fossil; pretarsal claws simple.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FF47FE9CA931CD66.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The genus-group name is a combination of boreas (Greek, meaning ‘‘ north wind’ ’) and – bythus (root of the type genus for the family, Scolebythus). The name refers to the fact that this fossil comes from the furthest north paleolatitude among Cretaceous scolebythids. The name is masculine.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FF47FE9CA931CD66.taxon	discussion	COMMENTS: Boreobythus has, perhaps, the most plesiomorphic habitus of any scolebythid, overall resembling a primitive bethylid, particularly in the shape of the head. However, despite the superficial shape of the head, the greatly enlarged and exposed prosternum, the laterally articulated protrochanters, and the enlarged propleura that form a short neck attest to its placement in Scolebythidae.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FCBDFE87AE79C915.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: As for the genus (see above).	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FCBDFE87AE79C915.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: As described for the genus, with the following additions: Total body length ca. 2.0 mm; forewing length ca. 1.3 mm. Head. Head longer than broad, upper tangent of compound eyes to vertex approximately equal to length of compound eye; inner margin of compound eyes straight, parallel; gena narrower than compound eye in lateral view. Scape short, approximately equal to combined lengths of F 1 and F 2; length of F 1 equal to that of F 2, both shorter than F 3. Integument black except antenna dark brown. Mesosoma. Surface sculpturing unobservable, integument apparently black; legs dark brown. Forewing with basal vein confluent with 1 cu-a; basal vein approximately straight with Rs and of equal length; hind wing unobservable; wing veins dark brown, membrane lightly infumate. Metasoma. Terga and sterna dark brown, apparently imbricate.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FCBDFE87AE79C915.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: Female, NEW JERSEY: Sayreville, White Oaks pit, coll. Paul Nascimbene. Specimen deposited in the Amber Collection, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. The amber enclosing the holotype is turbid (fig. 1) obscuring many features of the wasp.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A333FCBDFE87AE79C915.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a reference to Turonian, the age of the amber in which the fossil was discovered.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A331FCF1FA50ABDEC9D0.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES: Zapenesia libanica, new species.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A331FCF1FA50ABDEC9D0.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Small wasps (between 2 and 3 mm in total body length). Head elongate; frontal prominence absent; clypeal apex straight; malar space more than one-half basal mandibular width; face lateral to antennal torulus gently depressed; compound eyes relatively small, length only slightly more than distance from upper tangent of compound eyes to preoccipital ridge; inner margins of compound eyes parallel; ocelli far behind upper tangent of compound eyes, arranged in an equilateral triangle; occipital carina absent; pronotal collar absent, dorsal surface of pronotum shortened, at most 0.5 times as long as mesoscutum; propleura well developed, anteriorly forming a short neck; notauli faintly impressed but present and complete; prosternum large, exposed, broadly triangular posteriorly; parapsidal lines absent; mesoscutum separated from mesoscutellum by transverse furrow, furrow arching anteriorly medially; metanotum short; metapostnotum evident; forewing with open marginal cell; Rs long, much longer than pterostigma, terminating near anterior wing margin, tubular over entire length; R 1 absent beyond pterostigmal apex; pterostigma of relatively moderate size, margin within marginal cell convex; 1 m-cu absent; Rs + M nebulous; Cu distad separation from M nebulous; no submarginal cells (only costal, radial, and first cubital cells closed); metafemur not flattened; tibial spur formula 1 - 2 - 2; pretarsal claws simple; sixth metasomal sternum without specialized polished area.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A331FCF1FA50ABDEC9D0.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The genus-group name is a combination of za (Greek, ‘‘ very’ ’) and Apenesia (the genus of bethylid wasps that the first fossil scolebythid, i. e., P. primaeva, was believed to be ancestral to). The name is feminine.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A38A331FCF1FA50ABDEC9D0.taxon	discussion	COMMENTS: While the Early Cretaceous genera such as Libanobythus and Uliobythus are reminiscent in habitus of the Cenozoic Pristapenesia, Zapenesia and Boreobythus have the typical habitus of a generalized chrysidoid. Zapenesia is apparently more derived than Boreobythus as evidenced by the reduced pronotal dorsal surface and the reduced wing venation.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3AA331FF6DFA6DAECAC86B.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: As for the genus (see above).	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3AA331FF6DFA6DAECAC86B.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: Total body length ca. 2.6 mm; forewing length ca. 1.6 mm. Head. Head elongate, distance from upper tangent of compound eyes to preoccipital ridge slightly less than compound eye length, distance between compound eyes approximately equal to length of compound eye; gena much narrower than compound eye. Scape slightly longer than combined lengths of F 1 – 3. Integument black except antenna dark brown, faintly imbricate and impunctate. Mesosoma. Integument black except tegulae and legs dark brown, faintly imbricate and impunctate except for minute punctures at setal bases; setae exceedingly sparse, simple, and minute. Propleura forming a strong, anterior neck, parallel-sided, broadly rounded anteriorly; pronotal dorsal surface much shorter than mesoscutum. Mesoscutalmesoscutellar sulcus arched anteriorly; posterior border of mesoscutellum weakly and gently convex; metanotum exceedingly short; basal area of propodeum elongate, broadly rounded posteriorly. Wing veins dark brown, membrane hyaline; forewing with basal vein confluent with 1 cu-a; venation depicted in figure 5. Metasoma. Terga and sterna black, imbricate and impunctate, with exceptionally sparse, minute, simple setae.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3AA331FF6DFA6DAECAC86B.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: Female, LEBANON, Azar- 146 - A. Specimen deposited in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3AA331FF6DFA6DAECAC86B.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a reference to Lebanon, the country from which the amber encapsulating this fossil originates.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3AA33FFCFCFB89AAADCF7E.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES: Uliobythus terpsichore, new species.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3AA33FFCFCFB89AAADCF7E.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Minute wasps (less than 2.0 mm in total length). Head rounded; frontal prominence absent; clypeal apex straight; malar space more than one-half basal mandibular width; face lateral to antennal torulus flat; compound eyes large, encompassing most of lateral surface of head except for malar space; inner margins of compound eyes apparently very minutely converging below (frontal view of face not possible and thus this apparent convergence might be an artifact); ocelli arranged in equilateral triangle near upper tangent of compound eyes; occipital carina absent; pronotal collar absent, dorsal surface of pronotum shortened, at most 0.5 times as long as mesoscutum; propleura well developed, anteriorly forming a distinct neck; notauli present; prosternum large, exposed, broadly triangular posteriorly; parapsidal lines present; forewing with open marginal cell; Rs long, much longer than pterostigma, terminating near anterior wing margin, tubular over entire length; R 1 absent beyond pterostigmal apex; pterostigma relatively large, margin within marginal cell strongly convex; 1 m-cu absent; Rs + M nebulous and evident only at extreme base; Cu distad separation from M nebulous and evident only at extreme base; no submarginal cells (only costal, radial, and first cubital cells closed); metafemur not flattened; tibial spur formula 1 - 1 - 1; pretarsal claws simple.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A3AA33FFCFCFB89AAADCF7E.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The genus-group name is a combination of oulios (Greek, ‘‘ deadly’ ’) and – bythus (root of the type genus for the family, Scolebythus). The name refers to the fact that these wasps are deadly parasitoids of wood-boring beetles. The name is masculine.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A34A33DFF06FCBFAE9EC97B.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: As for the genus (see above).	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A34A33DFF06FCBFAE9EC97B.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: Total body length ca. 1.4 mm (excluding everted male genitalia); forewing length ca. 1.0 mm. Head. Head apparently roughly ovoid, moderately broad, distance between compound eyes approximately equal to length of compound eye; gena much narrower than compound eye. Scape apparently short, perhaps only slightly more than combined lengths of F 1 and F 2 (difficult to determine owing to imperfect view of head in facial view). Integument dark brown and faintly imbricate. Mesosoma. Integument dark brown and apparently imbricate and impunctate. Propleura forming a strong, anterior neck, converging anteriorly, with distinct longitudinal striae; pronotal dorsal surface much shorter than mesoscutum. Transverse mesoscutal-mesoscutellar sulcus straight between tegulae; posterior border of mesoscutellum arched posteriorly; metanotum roughly U-shaped in dorsal aspect; basal area of propodeum narrowing posteriorly. Wing veins brown, membrane infumate; forewing with basal vein confluent with 1 cua; venation depicted in figure 6. Metasoma. Terga and sterna dark brown, imbricate and impunctate, with sparsely scattered, short, simple setae; genitalia as depicted in figure 6.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A34A33DFF06FCBFAE9EC97B.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: Male, LEBANON: Hamman / Mdeirij, Azar- 157 - A. Specimen deposited in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A34A33DFF06FCBFAE9EC97B.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is a noun in apposition and is the name of Terpsichore, one of the nine Muses of Greek mythology. Terpsichore was the Muse of Dance and was selected for the epithet since the position of preservation of the holotype gives the appearance of an elegant and pirouetting dancer.	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
03C787F17A34A33DFF06FCBFAE9EC97B.taxon	description	(1999) the genus Libanobythus is treated as having notauli present (an error perpetuated by Lacau et al., 2000) while these are actually absent (see Prentice et al., 1996: 807). 1. Vein R 1 of forewing present, either fusing apically or nearly meeting Rs ......... 2 _. Vein R 1 of forewing absent, and thereby not fusing with Rs apically .............. 5 2. Marginal cell apex closed (i. e., R 1 and Rs fusing apically); pronotal collar absent [Recent] ........................ 3 _. Marginal cell apex open (i. e., R 1 and Rs not meeting); pronotal collar present [Cretaceous; New Jersey amber] .............................. Boreobythus, n. gen. 3. First submarginal cell not enlarged, shorter in length than marginal cell; frons without median prominence between antennal toruli; malar space evident ................ 4 _. First submarginal cell elongate, longer than marginal cell; frons with median prominence between antennal toruli; malar space exceedingly minute, nearly unidentifiable [South Africa and Australia] ..... Ycaploca Nagy 4. Occipital carina present; malar space short, less than one-half basal mandibular width; marginal cell apex situated along anterior wing margin; S 5 without special patches of setae [Madagascar] ........ Scolebythus Evans _. Occipital carina absent; malar space well over one-half basal mandibular width; marginal cell apex arched away from anterior wing margin; S 5 with two patches of appressed, dense setae [widespread Western Hemisphere] .......... Clystopsenella Kieffer 5. Apical portion of Rs tubular; forewing with or without closed submarginal cell [Cretaceous; Lebanese amber] .................. 6 a The alleged complete absence of tibial spurs in Eobythus is extremely unusual among Hymenoptera, particularly Aculeata, and should be confirmed. _. Apical portion of Rs nebulous; forewing without closed submarginal cell [Tertiary to Recent] ......................... 8 6. Forewing without closed submarginal cell; dorsal-facing surface of pronotum greatly reduced, much smaller than mesoscutum .. 7 _. Forewing with closed submarginal cell; dorsalfacing surface of pronotum enlarged, larger than mesoscutum .......................... Libanobythus Prentice and Poinar 7. Minute wasps (less than 2 mm in total length), with more typical scolebythid habitus; face without impressed medial line, without depressions lateral to antennal toruli; parapsidal lines faint but present; ocelli positioned just above upper tangent of compound eyes; one metatibial spur .... Uliobythus, n. gen. 4 This genus should perhaps be synonymized with Pristapenesia (vide Cladistics and Discussion). Also, the occipital carina is purportedly absent, yet figure 3 in Lacau et al. (2000), albeit small and faint, shows a minute line on the posterior and undersurfaces of the head which suggests a weak carina may indeed be present. The ‘‘ flattened’ ’ metafemur may be the result of misinterpretation of compression along the specimen’s legs, typical for such fossils. _. Small wasps (ca. 2.6 mm total length), with bethylid-like habitus; face with strong medial line impressed from between antennal toruli to upper tangent of compound eyes, with gentle depressions lateral to antennal toruli; parapsidal lines absent; ocelli positioned far behind upper tangent of compound eyes; two metatibial spurs ........ Zapenesia, n. gen. 8. Frontal prominence present; occipital carina present; metafemur not flattened [Eocene to Recent] ............ Pristapenesia Brues _. Frontal prominence absent; occipital carina absent; metafemur flattened [Eocene] .................... Eobythus Lacau et al. 4	en	ENGEL, MICHAEL S., GRIMALDI, DAVID A. (2007): Cretaceous Scolebythidae and Phylogeny of the Family (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). American Museum Novitates 3568 (1): 1-16, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)475[1:CSAPOT]2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2007)475%5B1%3ACSAPOT%5D2.0.CO%3B2
