taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BF87C0FFB6FFA6FF4EB479B1489EE5.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Lampromyia umbraticola Stuckenberg & Fisher, 1999: 129, subs. des. by Stuckenberg, 2003: 197.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB6FFA6FF4EB655B7029D0A.taxon	description	(key), 559 –– 563 (figs.), 562 (dist.), 562 (biog. cons.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB6FFA6FF4EB551B55E9FE9.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Kasigau Mountain, Kenya (MNKE).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB6FFA6FF4EB3CDB66299E2.taxon	type_taxon	Type-genus: Vermileo Macquart, 1834: 428	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB6FFA7FF4EB711B0B79BA1.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Isalomyia irwini Stuckenberg, 2002: 3, by mon.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB6FFA7FF4EB711B0B79BA1.taxon	description	Refs.: Stuckenberg, 2002 b: 3 (diag., des.), 5 –– 7 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 2003: 192 (diag.), 192 –– 193 (supplementary des.), 195 (morphological cons.), 199 –– 200 (biog. cons.); Kirk-Spriggs & McGregor, 2009: 34 –– 35 (biog. cons.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 871 (key). irwini Stuckenberg, 2002 Holotype: Female, Isalo NP, Tulear prov., Madagascar (NMSA). Dist.: MADAGASCAR: Isalo NP in Fianarantsoa prov. [22 ° 33 ’ 45.1 ” S 45 ° 23 ’ 02.8 ” E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 2002 b: 3 (diag., des.), 4, 6 (figs.); Stuckenberg, 2003: 192 (diag.), 193 – 195 (male des.), 194, 196, 198 (figs.); Kerr, 2010: 58 – 60, 64 (phyl.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 866 – 868 (figs.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB7FFA7FF4EB305B6429E1D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Cave della Castellana, Palermo, Sicily, Italy (MTD).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB7FFA7FF4EB478B6F99D41.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Orotava, Tenerife, Canary Island, Spain (unknown deposit). Dist.: SPAIN, CANARY ISLAND: Restricted to Tenerife, Las Palmas, El Hierro and La Gomera, specific locations as follows: In Tenerife: Candelaria {28 ° 21 ’ N 16 ° 22 ’ W}, Barranco Martiánez {28 ° 24 ’ N 16 ° 32 ’ W}, “ below Aguamansa ” {28 ° 21 ’ N 16 ° 29 ’ W}, “ above Chio ” {28 ° 15 ’ N 16 ° 48 ’ W}, Barranco del Infierno {28 ° 07 ’ N 16 ° 42 ’ W}, Punta del Hidalgo {28 ° 34 ’ N 16 ° 19 ’ W}, Barranco de Pino de Oro {28 ° 28 ’ N 16 ° 15 ’ W}, Barranco de Santos {28 ° 28 ’ N 16 ° 15 ’ W}, Barranco at Vale de San Lorenzo {28 ° 05 ’ N 16 ° 39 ’ W}, between Las Galletas and San Isidro de Granadilla {28 ° 03 ’ N 16 ° 36 ’ W}, above Orotava {28 ° 23 ’ N 16 ° 31 ’ W}, Valle Tabares {28 ° 28 ’ N 16 ° 17 ’ W}, Fasnia [28 ° 14 ’ 24.0 ” N 16 ° 26 ’ 24.0 ” W], NP del Teide [28 ° 15 ’ 22.9 ” N 16 ° 36 ’ 13.3 ” W] / [28 ° 16 ’ 16.3 ” N 16 ° 41 ’ 02.9 ” W] / [28 ° 13 ’ 58.2 ” N 16 ° 36 ’ 13.1 ” W] / [28 ° 16 ’ 07.0 ” N 16 ° 36 ’ 20.2 ” W]; In La Palma: Los Tilos {28 ° 47 ’ N 17 ° 48 ’ W}, Barranco del Carmen {28 ° 41 ’ N 17 ° 46 ’ W}, Barranco de Juan Mayor {28 ° 40 ’ N 17 ° 48 ’ W} and Barranco de Guanival {28 ° 31 ’ N 17 ° 51 ’ W}; In La Gomera: Calle de Monteforte {28 ° 08 ’ N 17 ° 12 ’ W}, Barranco de Ávalo {28 ° 06 ’ N 17 ° 07 ’ W} and between Arure and Valle Gran Rey {28 ° 07 ’ N 17 ° 19 ’ W}; In El Hierro: Barranco Marrero, Barranco Tegeleite, Puente Daguacinte, Tenecédra, Tesfabo, Lomo Alto, Malpais de Irama and Barranco de Juan Mayor, all locations can be assigned as around {27 ° 48 ’ N 17 ° 53 ’ W}. Refs.: Macquart, 1838: 105 (des.); Kertész, 1908: 298 (cat.); Lindner, 1925: 6 (key), 7 (cat); Wheeler, 1930: 248 – 250 (redes.), 250 – 254 (larv. biol.), 251 (fig.), 251 – 253 (dist.); Fernández, 1952: 50 – 51 (larv. des.), 50 – 54 (figs.), 51 – 52 (dist.); Stuckenberg, 1960: 247 – 250 (redes.), 248 (figs.); Stuckenberg, 1971: 81 – 82 (diag.), 82 (dist.); Hemmingsen & Nielsen, 1971: 151 (dist.), 165 –– 168 (biol.); Majer, 1988: 35 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 72 (phyl.), 77 (key), 89 (dist.), 89 – 91 (redes.), 69, 74, 90 (figs.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 10 (cat.); Ludwig et al., 2001: 91 (larv. des.); Carles-Tolrá & Baéz, 2002: 118 (cat., dist.); Kerr., 2010: 58 – 60, 64 (phyl.); Kehlmaier, 2014: 489 (phyl.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB7FFA7FF4EB1B9B1929919.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Lampromyia pallida Macquart, 1835: 662, by mon.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB7FFA7FF4EB1B9B1929919.taxon	description	Refs.: Macquart, 1835: 660 (diag.); Séguy, 1926: 93 –– 94 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 1960: 217 (key), 294 –– 297 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1996 b: 248 (phyl.), 249 (key), 261 (dist.); Stuckenberg, 1998 b: 77 (key); Kirk-Spriggs & McGregor, 2009: 34 –– 35 (biog. cons.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 3 –– 4 (key), 4 (cat.), 5 –– 10 (diag.), 69 –– 70 (dist.), 137 (phyl.); Stuckenberg, 2000 a: 185 (key), 194 –– 195 (dist.), 195 –– 196 (com. on morphology); Stuckenberg, 2000 b: 53 –– 54 (biog. cons.); Kehlmaier, 2014: 289 –– 290 (dist.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 871 (key).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB7FFA4FF4EB73DB0FE9B85.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Mascara, Algeria (NBC). Holotype lost, neotype designated by Stuckenberg, 1998 a. Dist.: ALGERIA: from Mascara {35 ° 23 ’ N 0 ° 08 ’ E}, low lands. TUNISIA: north to Bizerte [37 ° 19 ’ 48.0 ” N 9 ° 49 ’ 48.0 ” E] / [37 ° 19 ’ 12.0 ” N 9 ° 49 ’ 48.0 ” E]. Refs.: Fabricius, 1794: 403 (des.); Fabricius, 1805: 70 (cat.) as Empis cylindric a; Wiedemann, 1830: 5 –– 6 (cat. Empis cylindrica); Kertész, 1908: 298 (cat.); Lindner, 1925: 6 (figs.), 7 (cat., key); Wheeler, 1930: 244 (com., dist.); Majer, 1988: 35 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 69, 80 (figs.), 72 (phyl.), 77 (key), 79 –– 80 (redes.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 10 (cat.); Kehlmaier, 2014: 489 (phyl.), 493 (dist.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB4FFA4FF4EB1F1B6319919.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Vumba Mountains, Umtali (now Mutare), Zimbabwe (ZSM). Dist.: Material is known only from Vumba Mountains, near Mutare in the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe {19 ° 06 ’ S 32 ° 47 ’ E}. Refs.: Engel & Cuthbertson, 1937: 2 (des.) as var. flavid a; Stuckenberg, 1960: 221, 227 (key), 243 (status rev.), 244 –– 245, 247 (figs.), 244 (diag.), 244 – 247 (redes.), 294 – 297 (biog. cons.), 296 (dist.); Stuckenberg, 1996 a: 262 (key), 221, 241, 246, 262 (figs.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 72 (phyl.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 10 (cat.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 867 – 868 (figs.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB4FFA4FF4EB305B0B29EAD.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Barranco de Guiniguada, Gran Canaria, Canary Island, Spain (ZMUC). Dist.: SPAIN, CANARY ISLAND: Restricted to Gran Canaria, known from Cenobio de Valerón {28 ° 08 ’ N 15 ° 36 ’ 16.0 ” W}, El Rincón {27 ° 58 ’ N 15 ° 31 ’ W}, Costa de Ayala and Barranco del Guiniguada {28 ° 05 ’ N 15 ° 27 ’ W}, Atalaya {27 ° 59 ’ N 15 ° 30 ’ W}, Maspalomas {27 ° 46 ’ N 15 ° 36 ’ W}. Refs.: Hemmingsen, 1963: 241 – 245, 247, 249 (figs.), 240 – 254 (larv. biol.) as L. canariensis; Hemmingsen & Nielsen, 1971: 151 (dist.), 168 –– 175 (biol.); Stuckenberg, 1971: 79 – 80 (biog. cons.), 82 (des., diag., dist.), 83, 85, 87 (figs.); Frederiksen & Hemmingsen, 1972 (biol., larv. biol.); Majer, 1988: 35 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 69, 75, 91, 93 (figs.), (redes.), 72 (phyl.), 77 (key); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 10 –– 11 (cat.); Ludwig et al., 2001: 91 (larv. des.); Carles-Tolrá, 2001: 59 (dist.); Carles-Tolrá & Baéz, 2002: 118 (cat., dist.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB4FFA4FF4EB489B7929CED.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: sex not indicated in orig. des., Madrid, Spain (no extent type material known). Dist.: SPAIN: widespread in the country, locations reported from Madrid {40 ° 24 ’ N 3 ° 42 ’ W}, Ribera (Lérida) {41 ° 36 ’ N 0 ° 37 ’ E}, Barcelona {41 ° 24 ’ N 2 ° 09 ’ E}, Aragon {41 ° 36 ’ N 0 ° 36 ’ W}, Albarracin {40 ° 24 ’ N 1 ° 26 ’ W}, Valle de Puerto de Santa Maria {36 ° 38 ’ N 6 ° 14 ’ W}, Camino de la Nieve {36 ° 23 ’ N 6 ° 08 ’ W}, Arcos de la Frontera {36 ° 45 ’ N 5 ° 48 ’ W}, Tarragona {41 ° 07 ’ N 1 ° 14 ’ E}, Álava {43 ° 21 ’ N 6 ° 11 ’ W}, Guadalajara {40 ° 37 ’ N 3 ° 09 ’ W}, Cádiz {36 ° 30 ’ N 6 ° 16 ’ W}, Bell-lloc d’Urgell, Lleida [41 ° 37 ’ 48.0 ” N 0 ° 46 ’ 48.0 ” E], Burgos [42 ° 00 ’ N 3 ° 33 ’ W]; FRANCE: known from Drôme district {44 ° 45 ’ N 05 ° 10 ’ E} and Pyrenees Ax {42 ° 40 ’ 57.1 ” N 1 ° 48 ’ 27.6 ” E}; PORTUGAL: Travancinha (Guarda) {40 ° 25 ’ N 7 ° 49 ’ W}. Refs.: Dufour, 1850: 152 (des.); Osten Sacken, 1883: 296 (syn. proposal: funebris = cylindrica); Verral, 1909: 257 (fig.); Séguy, 1926: 9, 95 (figs. as cylindrica); Hemmingsen & Nielsen, 1971: 177 – 178 (biol.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 69, 79, 81 (figs.), 72 (phyl.), 78 (key), 81 (dist.), 81 – 82 (diag.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 11 (cat.); Carles- Tolrá, 2001: 59 (dist.); Carles-Tolrá & Baéz, 2002: 118 (cat., dist.); Kehlmaier, 2014: 489 (phyl.), 492 –– 493 (dist.); Carles-Tolrá, 2016 (dist.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB4FFA5FF4EB749B0B79B85.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Puente de la Vega de Gualiza, Lanzarote, Canary Island, Spain (ZMUC). Dist.: SPAIN, CANARY ISLAND: restricted to Fuerteventura and Lanzarote. Specific locations as follows: In Fuerteventura: Bayuyu, Corralejo and Rosa del Combrillo {28 ° 42 ’ 57.7 ” N 13 ° 53 ’ 38.3 ” W}, Los Roques and Lajares {28 ° 40 ’ N 13 ° 56 ’ W}, La Herradura and El Cotillo {28 ° 41 ’ N 14 ° 00 ’ W}, Valle de Santa Inés {28 ° 27 ’ N 14 ° 02 ’ W}, Puerto del Rosario and Los Pozos {28 ° 29 ’ N 13 ° 51 ’ W}; In Lanzarote: Tahiche {29 ° 00 ’ N 13 ° 32 ’ W}, Puente de la Vega de Guatiza {29 ° 04 ’ N 13 ° 28 ’ W}, Fuente Chasfaris {29 ° 08 ’ N 13 ° 30 ’ W}, Malpais de la Corona {29 ° 11 ’ N 13 ° 28 ’ W}, Playa de Papagayo [28 ° 50 ’ N 13 ° 46 ’ W], Montana Clara Island {29 ° 17 ’ N 13 ° 32 ’ 05.3 ” W} and Llanos {29 ° 17 ’ N 13 ° 32 ’ W}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB5FFA5FF4EB1F1B6F498C1.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Zaragoza, Spain (NHMW). Dist.: SPAIN: widespread in the country, known from Zaragoza {41 ° 38 ’ N 0 ° 53 ’ W}, Barcelona [41 ° 24 ’ 53.3 ” N 2 ° 09 ’ 06.8 ” E], Lleida [41 ° 31 ’ 12.0 ” N 0 ° 39 ’ 36.0 ” E], Vícar (Almería) [36 ° 49 ’ 11.5 ” N 2 ° 39 ’ 03.5 ” W], Murcia {37 ° 59 ’ N 1 ° 07 ’ W}, Alicante {38 ° 21 ’ N 0 ° 28 ’ W}, Sierra Nevada (Almería) {37 ° 04 ’ N 2 ° 47 ’ W}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB5FFA5FF4EB2BDB5059E1D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, Tinmel, High Atlas Mountains, Morocco (MNHN). Dist.: MOROCCO: known only from Western of High Atlas Range, occuring in Timmel (High Atlas mountains) {30 ° 58 ’ N 8 ° 13 ’ W}, Goundafa {31 ° 00 ’ N 8 ° 05 ’ W}, Asni {31 ° 14 ’ N 7 ° 58 ’ W}, Oukaimeden (Toubkal Massif) [31 ° 03 ’ N 7 ° 57 ’ W]. Refs.: Séguy, 1928: 45 (des.); Séguy, 1930: 67 – 68 (redes.); Majer, 1988: 35 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 69, 74 – 75, 82 (figs.), 72 (phyl.), 78 (key), 82 – 83 (dist.), 83 (redes.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 11 (cat.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB5FFA5FF4EB478B5569F3D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, Ras el Ksar, Middle Atlas, Morocco (MNHN). Dist.: MOROCCO: from north-eastern of Middle Atlas in Ras el Ksar [33 ° 58 ’ N 3 ° 50 ’ W] and Berkine [33 ° 46 ’ N 3 ° 51 ’ W] to the south of Azrou [33 ° 19 ’ 12.0 ” N 5 ° 16 ’ 12.0 ” W]. Refs.: Séguy, 1930: 68 (des.); Majer, 1988: 35 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 72 (phyl.), 77 (key), 82 (fig.), 83 – 84 (redes.), 83 (dist.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 12 (cat.); Kehlmaier, 2014: 489 (phyl.), 493 (dist.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB5FFA5FF4EB519B1329D41.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: sex not indicated in orig. des., Oran, Algeria, no extant type material known. Dist.: ALGERIA: reported from Oran; TUNISIA: occuring in Fort des Andalous [37 ° 16 ’ 51 ” N 9 ° 52 ’ 14 ” E], Carthago [36 ° 51 ’ 36.0 ” N 10 ° 19 ’ 48.0 ” E] / [36 ° 52 ’ 03.5 ” N 10 ° 20 ’ 06.1 ” E], Oued El Abid {33 ° 06 ’ N 8 ° 06 ’ E}, Mohammedia / Oudna (Zahouan aqueduct) {36 ° 38 ’ N 10 ° 07 ’ E}, probably occurring in Morrocco, according to Stuckenberg (1998 a). Refs.: Macquart, 1835: 662 (des.); Marchal, 1897: 6 –– 8 (larv. biol.), 8 –– 10 (larv. des.), 10 –– 11 (redes.) as Lampromyia miki; Kertész, 1908: 299 (cat.); Bequaert, 1922: 278 (larv. biol.); Lindner, 1925: 6 (key), 7 (cat.); Séguy, 1926: 91, 94 (figs.); Wheeler, 1930: 244 –– 245 (dist.), 245, 247 –– 248 (larv. biol.), 246 (fig.); Hemmingsen, 1968 (larv. biol.; biol.); Hemmingsen & Nielsen, 1971: 160 –– 165 (biol.); Majer, 1988: 35 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 69, 74, 79, 85, (figs.), 72 (phyl.), 86 –– 87 (redes.), 77, 84 (key); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 12 (cat.); Kehlmaier, 2014: 484 –– 485, 487 (figs.), 493 (disr.), 488 (key), 489 (phyl.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB5FFAAFF4EB73DB5AB9B69.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Aliwal North, South Africa (ZSM). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: east South Africa, in Aliwal North {30 ° 41 ’ S 26 ° 43 ’ E}, Bergville (Natal) {28 ° 43 ’ S 29 ° 21 ’ E} and Adullan Farm (Clarens) [28 ° 34 ’ S / 28 ° 28 ’ E]; LESOTHO: in Bokong {29 ° 20 ’ S 28 ° 27 ’ E}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB5FFAAFF4EB73DB5AB9B69.taxon	discussion	Remark: Dr. Brauns donated 2 males to the Transvaal Museum which are now deposited in NMSA according to Stuckenberg (1996 a).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBAFFAAFF4EB1D5B7949831.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Harare, Zimbabwe (NMSA). Dist.: ZIMBABWE: known only from Harare and its surroundings [18 ° 00 ’ S 30 ° 55 ’ E].	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBAFFAAFF4EB3EEB7F39F7C.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Ceres. Div., Matroosberg, South Africa (SAMC). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: widespread in southwest. Specific locations as follows: Matroosberg Mountain (Ceres) {33 ° 25 ’ S 19 ° 19 ’ E}; Jacobsbaai, West Cape [32 ° 58 ’ S 17 ° 54 ’ E]; Kommetjie, Cape prov. [34 ° 08 ’ S 18 ° 19 ’ E]; Bokbaai prov., West Cape [33 ° 34 ’ S 18 ° 18 ’ E]; Yzerfontain, West Cape [33 ° 20 ’ S 18 ° 09 ’ E]; Bredasdorp District, Cape prov. {34 ° 32 ’ S 20 ° 02 ’ E}; Tulbagh, Winterhoek Mountains {33 ° 15 ’ S 19 ° 12 ’ E}. Refs.: Bezzi, 1926: 301 –– 302 (des.) as Lampromyi a; Engel, 1929: 173 (fig.); Wheeler, 1930: 265 (com. on differences between appendiculata and sericea) as Lampromyia; Stuckenberg, 1960: 228 (key), 235 (figs.), 239 (diag.), 239 (com. male gen.), 294 –– 297 (biog. cons.), 295 (dist.) as Lampromyia; Stuckenberg, 1996 a: 241, 250 (figs.), 249 (phyl.), 254 (key), 255 (dist., status rev.); Stuckenberg, 1998 b: 168, 169, 171 (figs.), 169 (key), 174 (dist.), 173 (phyl.), 175 –– 181 (biog. cons.); Nagatomi et al., 1999 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBAFFAAFF4EB5DCB0309DF8.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Zebra, Oudtshoorn dist., South Africa (SAMC). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: occurs in several locations from midwest to western regions. Specific locations as follows: Zebra, Oudtshoorn dist. {33 ° 45 ’ S 22 ° 18 ’ E}; Klaarstroom, Prince Albert dist. {33 ° 19 ’ S 22 ° 32 ’ E}; Touws River {33 ° 20 ’ 13.6 ” S 20 ° 01 ’ 42.1 ” E}; Krakadouw Pass, near Wupperthal {32 ° 12 ’ S 19 ° 04 ’ E}; Michell’s Pass, Ceres dist. {33 ° 24 ’ 16.3 ” S 19 ° 17 ’ 10.1 ” E}; Karoo NP, Beaufort West, (Cape prov.) {32 ° 14 ’ S 22 ° 32 ’ E}; Sevenweeksport, Laingburg district, West Cape {33 ° 22 ’ S 21 ° 24 ’ E}; Wolfhok, West Cape {30 ° 23 ’ S 18 ° 11 ’ E}; NE Clanwilliam {32 ° 07 ’ S 18 ° 56 ’ E}, Rheebokvley Picnic, West Cape {32 ° 07 ’ S 18 ° 56 ’ E}; Cederberg Mts, ENE Clanwilliam, West Cape [32 ° 05 ’ 54 ” S 19 ° 03 ’ 06 ” E / 32 ° 05 ’ 54 ” S 19 ° 03 ’ 56 ” E. / 32 ° 08 ’ 18 ” S 19 ° 01 ’ 14 ” E]; Cerderberg Mts. Elizabethfontein, West Cape [32 ° 04 ’ 45 ” S 19 ° 03 ’ 29 ” E]; ENE Clanwilliam / Pakhuis Pass, West Cape [32 ° 08 ’ 30 ” S, 19 ° 01 ’ 30 ” E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1960: 218, 221, 224, 232, 235 (figs.), 228 (key), 233 (diag.), 233 – 236 (des.), 294 –– 297 (biog. cons.), 295 (dist.) as Lampromyia; Stuckenberg, 1996 a: 246, 250 (figs.), 249 (phyl.), 254 (key), 256 (dist., status rev.); Stuckenberg, 1998 b: 169 (key), 173 (phyl.), 174 –– 175 (dist.), 175 –– 181 (biog. cons.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 14 (cat.); Kerr, 2010: 58 –– 60, 64 (phyl.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBAFFAAFF4EB2C9B11C998D.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Leptynoma sericea Westwood, 1876, by mon. Refs.: Westwood, 1876: 517 –– 518 (diag.); Stuckenberg, 1996 b: 248 (phyl.), 249 –– 250 (key); 251 (diag.); Stuckenberg, 1998 a: 167 –– 168 (com. on morphology), 175 –– 181 (biog. cons.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 3 –– 4 (key), 12 (cat.), 12 –– 14 (diag.), 71 –– 72 (dist.), 137 (phyl.); Stuckenberg, 2000 a: 185 (key), 193 (dist.), 193 –– 194 (com. on morphology); Stuckenberg, 2000 b: 53 –– 54 (biog. cons.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 871 (key).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBBFFABFF4EB0D1B60D9B4E.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Rooiberg Mountain, Lüderitz, Namibia (NMNW). Dist.: NAMIBIA: known only from Rooiberg Mountain, in Lüderitz [27 ° 38 ’ S 16 ° 28 ’ E].	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBBFFABFF4EB128B5939919.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Knersvlakte, Southern Namaqualand, South Africa (SAMC). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: occurres on western regions, from Knersvlatke {31 ° 17 ’ S 18 ° 33 ’ E}, Bushmanland / Een Riet {30 ° 01 ’ S 18 ° 12 ’ E}; Van Rhynsdorp [31 ° 36 ’ S 18 ° 44 ’ E] and 44 km in the north {31 ° 14 ’ S 18 ° 38 ’ E}; Grootmis, North Cape [29.39 ’ S 17.06 ’ E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1960: 228 - 233 (des.), 229, 232, 235 (figs.), 228 (key), 230 (diag.), 233 (diag.), 294 –– 297 (biog. cons.), 295 (dist.) as Lampromyia; Stuckenberg, 1996 a: 241, 250, 251 (figs.), 249 (phyl.), 254 (key), 256 (status rev.), 256 –– 257 (dist.); Stuckenberg, 1998 b: 168 (fig.), 173 (phyl.), 174 –– 175 (dist.), 175 –– 181 (biog. cons.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 15 (cat.); Ovtshinnikova, 2000: 438 –– 440 (male gen.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 866 –– 868, (figs.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBBFFABFF4EB304B0C89C5D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: sex not indicated in orig. des., “ Damara Land ” [Damaraland], Namibia (SAMC). Dist.: widespread in south-western Cape. Known from Maanschijnkop Nature Reserve {34 ° 23 ’ S 19 ° 20 ’ E}; Skoorsteenkop, Hout Bay {34 ° 01 ’ S 18 ° 22 ’ 3 E}; Rex River {33 ° 25 ’ S 19 ° 35 ’ E}; Kleinmond Nature Reserve [34 ° 20 ’ S 19 ° 00 ’ E]; Stellenbosch [33 ° 56 ’ S 18 ° 52 ’ E]; Matroosberg, Ceres Division {33 ° 25 ’ S 19 ° 18 ’ E}; Koue Bokkeveld, Ceres dist. {33 ° 05 ’ S 19 ° 24 ’ E}; Witrivier, Bains Kloof {33 ° 37 ’ S 19 ° 06 ’ E}; Witzenberg Valley {33 ° 19 ’ S 19 ° 29 ’ E}; Rust en Vrede, near Oudtshoorn {33 ° 23 ’ S 22 ° 21 ’ E}; Rivierzonderend {34 ° 06 ’ S 19 ° 54 ’ E}; Oudebosch, French Hoek (Cape prov.) [33 ° 55 ’ S 19 ° 07 ’ E]; Bontebok NP, 7 km S Swellendam (SW Cape) {34 ° 04 ’ S 20 ° 28 ’ E}; Op die Berg (Cape prov.) {33 ° 01 ’ S 19 ° 18 ’ E} / {32 ° 46 ’ S 19 ° 16 ’ E}. Refs.: Westwood, 1876: 518 (des.); Osten Sacken, 1883: 296 (syn. proposal: Leptynoma as a subspecies of Lampromyia); Bigot 1885: 68 (des.) as a new species Lampromyia argentat a; Kertész, 1908: 298 (cat.) as Lampromyi a; Bezzi, 1926: 298 –– 300 (redes. as Lampromyia); Engel & Gill, 1929: 149 –– 152, 155 –– 156, 158 (figs., larv. and pupae des.), 152 –– 153 (larv. biol.) as Lampromyia; Engel, 1929: 173 (figs.) as Lampromyi a; Wheeler, 1930: 179, 254 (figs.), 260 –– 261 (redes.), 261 –– 264 (com. on larval morphology) as Lampromyia); Stuckenberg, 1960: 221, 232, 235 (figs.), 228 (key), 237 (diag.), 237 –– 238 (redes.), 294 –– 297 (biog. cons.), 295 (dist.) as Lampromyia; Majer, 1988: 35 (cat. as Lampromyia); Stuckenberg, 1996 a: 250 (fig.), 249 (phyl.), 254 (key), 255 (dist.); Stuckenberg, 1998 b: 173 (phyl.), 175 (dist.), 175 –– 181 (biog. cons.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 15 –– 16 (cat.). Remark: The holotype’s location was mentioned as “ Damara Land ” [Damaraland] in Westwood’s orig. des. However, this information is not confirmed in recent works, such as Stuckenberg (1996 a, 1998 b).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBBFFABFF4EB6E5B76E9D41.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Namamyia manseli Stuckenberg, 2000 a: 185, subs. des by Stuckenberg, 2002 a: 123 by mon.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBBFFABFF4EB6E5B76E9D41.taxon	description	Refs.: Stuckenberg, 2000 a (as Namamyia): 185 (diag.), 185 (key), 186 – 187 (des.), 193 (dist.); Stuckenberg, 2002 a: 123 (nomenclature rev.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 871 (key).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBBFFA8FF4EB73DB6C59B11.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Grootmis, North Cape, South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: known only from Groomits (North Cape) [29 ° 39 ’ S 17 ° 06 ’ E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg 2000 a: 186 – 188, 190 (fig.), 187 (diag.), 187 – 191 (des.); Stuckenberg, 2002 a: 123 (nomenclature rev.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 866 – 868 (figs.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA8FF4EB479B5339F01.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Hungarob river, Brandberg, Namibia (NMNW). Distr.: NAMIBIA: several locations near Hungarob River, Brandberg [21 ° 13.5 ’ S 14 ° 31.1 ’ E] / [21 ° 10 ’ 40 ” S 14 ° 33 ’ 08 ” E] / [21 ° 11.4 ’ S 14 ° 31.69 ’ E] / [21 ° 10.77 ’ S 14 ° 32.87 ’ E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 2000 b: 48 – 52 (figs.), 49 (key), 51 (diag., des.), 53 – 54 (biog. cons.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 866 (fig.)	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA8FF4EB129B0079889.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Lampromyia maculata Stuckenberg, 1960, by orig. des.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA8FF4EB2F5B7DF9E1D.taxon	description	Perianthomyia maculata Stuckenberg, 2000	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA8FF4EB2F5B7DF9E1D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, Merweville, Beaufort West district, South Africa (SAMC). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: known from Beaufort district (Merweville) {32 ° 40 ’ S 21 ° 30 ’ E} and Die Koup (Laignsburg) [32 ° 25 ’ S 21 ° 43 ’ E].	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA8FF4EB57DB6499C79.taxon	description	Leptynoma phantasma Stuckenberg, 1996 Perianthomyia phantasma Stuckenberg, 2000 Holotype: Male, Uguchab River, Aurusberg, Namibia (SANC). Dist.: NAMIBIA: known from Uguchab River (Aurusberg) [27 ° 32 ’ S 16 ° 11 ’ E], Tsaukhaib Mountains [26 ° 42 ’ 57 ” S 15 ° 41 ’ 01 ” E], Naukluft Park [24 ° 14 ’ 45 ” S 16 ° 06 ’ 17 ” E] and Drickop Nature Reserve [29 ° 24 ’ S 21 ° 06 ’ E. Refs.: Stuckenberg: 1996 a 257 (key), 253, 258 – 259 (figs.), 260 (diag.), 260 – 261 (des.); Stuckenberg, 1998 b: 175 (dist.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 16 (cat.); Stuckenberg, 2000 b: 49 (key), 50 (fig.), 52 (dist.), 53 (biog. cons.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 869 (fig.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA8FF4EB681B5379D7D.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Protovermileo electricus Hennig, 1967: 26, by mon.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA8FF4EB681B5379D7D.taxon	description	Refs.: Hennig, 1967: 26 – 27 (diag., des.); Evenhuis, 1994: 310 (cat.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 69 (cat., affinities discussion).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB8FFA9FF4EB7D9B51B9AF6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Baltic Amber, Eocene / Oligocene (GMUG). Dist.: Baltic Amber. Refs.: Hennig, 1967: 26 (diag.), 26 – 27 (des.), 25 – 27 (figs.); Evenhuis, 1994: 310 (cat.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 69 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB9FFA9FF4EB290B04C998D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, St. Crete, Greece (NHMW). Dist.: GREECE: restricted to Crete island {35 ° 13 ’ 39.8 ” N 24 ° 55 ’ 36.6 ” E}. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1965 a: 496 – 497 (figs.), 498 – 500 (des.), Majer, 1988: 34 (cat.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 20 (key), 21 (cat.); Ludwig et al., 2001: 92 (larv. des.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB9FFA9FF4EB10DB6FE98A5.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Vermileo degeerii Macquart, 1834, by mon.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB9FFA9FF4EB3E9B5FF9EE6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: sex not indicated in orig. des., Balearic island [presumed MCZC]. Dist.: SPAIN: Balearic Island: Mallorca, Menorca and Cabrera. Refs.: Wheeler, 1930: 157 – 158 (dist.), 158 – 163 (com. on larval biol.), 163 – 164 (des.), 165 – 166 (biog. cons.) as a variety of V. vermileo Linnaeus; Edwards, 1935: 55 (com.); Carles-Tolrá & Baéz, 2002: 118 (cat., dist.); Carles- Tolrá & Cuesta-Segura, 2020: 268 (com., status rev.), Ebejer & Gatt, 2021: 20 (syn. proposal to V. vermileo); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.). Remark: the synonimization proposed by Ebejer & Gatt (2021) should be rejected, based on recent barcoding evidence (Kehlmaier, 2021).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB9FFA9FF4EB551B7D09C95.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Alta Meadow, California, USA (MCZC). Dist.: USA: known to occur in California from Alta Meadow [36 ° 34 ’ 41.8 ” N 118 ° 39 ’ 17.4 ” W], Sierra Nevada {38 ° 16 ’ N 119 ° 34 ’ W}, Pinnacles National monument {36 ° 29 ’ N 121 ° 10 ’ W}, Sentinel Dome [37 ° 43 ’ 23.2 ” N 119 ° 35 ’ 02.4 ” W] and Yosemite Creek [37 ° 49 ’ 34.7 ” N 119 ° 35 ’ 27.6 ” W], this species was also reported from Idaho [45 ° 13 ’ 17.5 ” N 116 ° 17 ’ 52.2 ” W]. Refs.: Wheeler, 1918: 84 (des.); Greene, 1926: 12 (larv. and pupae des.); Leonard, 1930: 71 – 72 (redes.); Wheeler, 1930: 167 – 175 (dist.), 168, 177, 179, 184, 186 – 167, 191 – 192, 196, 198, 200, 202, 213, 231 (figs.), 176 – 184, 195 – 207 (larv. desc.), 186 – 188 (pupae des.), 212 – 240 (larv. biol.); DeLeon, 1938: 167 (dist.); Pechuman, 1938: 87 (key); James, 1965: 342 (cat.); Teskey, 1981: 529, 531 (figs.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 18 (key), 21 (cat.), Wang et al., 2021: 10, 12 (phyl.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFB9FFAEFF4EB681B0EB9ADA.taxon	description	Leptis cylindracea Costa, 1844 Vermileo cylindraceus Kehlmaier, 2021 Type material: Costa collected the species in June 1834 nearby Camaldoli (Naples). Number of specimens and sex not indicated in orig. des. At least two syntypes are present at CMSNF (Kehlmaier 2021). Dist.: ITALY: Ischia [40 ° 43 ’ 56 ’’ N 13 ° 55 ’ 15 ’’ E], Ischia, Lago del Bagno {40 ° 44 ’ 37 ’’ N 13 ° 56 ’ 34 ’’ E}, Capri, Anacapri-Faro [40 ° 32 ’ 3 ’’ N 14 ° 12 ’ 3 ’’ E], Isola di Vivara [40 ° 44 ’ 37.8 ’’ N 13 ° 59 ’ 36.5 ’’ E], Napels, Posillipo [40 ° 48 ’ 24 ’’ N, 14 ° 11 ’ 31 ’’ E], Napels, near Camaldoli {40 ° 51 ’ N 14 ° 13 ’ E}. Refs.: Costa, 1844 a: (dist.) & Tav. II f. 2 (fig.) as Leptis cylindracea; Costa 1844 b: 117 (dist.) as Leptis cylindracea; Bezzi, 1900 (syn. proposal to V. vermileo); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.), 347 (status rev.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBEFFAEFF4EB1B9B51B991A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Xucumanatlan, Guerrero, Mexico (NHMUK). Dist.: MEXICO: specimens reported from Guerrero, in Xucumanatlan {17 ° 33 ’ N 99 ° 37 ’ W} and Omilteme {17 ° 32 ’ N 99 ° 30 ’ W}. Refs.: Williston, 1895: 109 (des.); Williston, 1900: 264 (cat.) as syn. of Pheneus tibiali s; Kertész, 1908: 298 (cat.) as Arthrostilum; Wheeler, 1930: 276 (note); Pechuman, 1938: 87 (key); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 18 (key), 22 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBEFFAEFF4EB4AAB01C9CB7.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Cercadilla & Los Molinos, Spain (NHMUK). Dist.: SPAIN: known from Burgos, Barbadillo del Mercado {42 ° 2 ’ N 3 ° 21 ’ W}, Cercedilla {40 ° 44 ’ N 4 ° 03 ’ W}, Los Molinos {40 ° 42 ’ N 4 ° 04 ’ W}, San Fernando de Henares {40 ° 25 ’ N 3 ° 31 ’ W} and Córdoba {37 ° 53 ’ N 4 ° 46 ’ W}. PORTUGAL: reported from Avintes [41 ° 6 ’ N 8 ° 33 ’ W], Viseu, Silgueiros, Póvoa Dão [40 ° 33 ’ N 7 ° 57 ’ W], Praia da Rocha {37 ° 07 ’ N 8 ° 32 ’ W} and Borba {38 ° 48 ’ N 7 ° 27 ’ W}. MORROCCO: reports from Tânger [35 ° 45 ’ 40 ’’ N 05 ° 56 ’ 09 ’’ W] and Bouhachem NP [35 ° 16 ’ 51 ’’ N 05 ° 27 ’ 20 ’’ W]. Refs.: Strobl, 1906: 304 (des.); Edwards, 1935: 55 – 56 (redes.); Stuckenberg, 1965 a: 495 (status rev.), 496 – 497 (figs.); Hemmingsen & Nielsen, 1971: 179 – 180 (biol.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 20 (key), 22 (cat.); Carles-Tolrá, 2001: 59 (dist.); Carles-Tolrá & Baéz, 2002: 118 (cat., dist.); Carles-Tolrá, 2010 (dist.); Carles-Tolrá, 2016: 157 (dist.); Ebejer et al., 2019: 151 (dist.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBEFFAEFF4EB145B51B9BDE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: sex not indicated in orig. des. Mayari & San Jose, Cuba (MCZC). Dist.: CUBA: restrict to the island, from Mayari {20 ° 39 ’ N 75 ° 40 ’ W} and San Jose {22 ° 11 ’ N 79 ° 16 ’ W}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBEFFAEFF4EB305B5FF9ECA.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Qrendi, Malta (Carles-Tolrá personal collection). Dist.: MALTA: species restricted to the island, reported from Qrendi [35 ° 49 ’ 57.9 ” N 14 ° 27 ’ 18.1 E] / [35 ° 49 ’ 51.6 ” N 14 ° 27 ’ 25.5 ” E], Dingli [35 ° 51 ’ 43.8 ” N 14 ° 23 ’ 51.5 E] / [35 ° 51 ’ 34.0 ” N 14 ° 23 ’ 50.9 ” E], Valleta [35 ° 53 ’ 46.78 ” N 14 ° 30 ’ 41.26 ” E], Ghar Dalam Cave [35 ° 50 ’ 11.5 ” N 14 ° 31 ’ 40.8 ” E], Balzan {35 ° 53 ’ N 14 ° 27 ’ E} and Guardamangia {35 ° 53 ’ N 14 ° 29 ’ E}. Refs.: Zammit-Maempel, 1985: 366 (dist.) as Vermileo sp.; Ebejer, 1995: 87 (dist.) as Vermileo sp.; 271 – 276 (figs.), 277 (dist.); Carles-Tolrá & Cuesta-Segura, 2020: 266 – 267 (des.); Ebejer & Gatt, 2021: 19 (list.), 20 (list., syn. proposal to V. vermileo); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.). Remark: the synonimization proposed by Ebejer & Gatt (2021) should be rejected, based on recent barcoding evidence (Kehlmaier, 2021).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBEFFAEFF4EB698B51A9DF8.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Sudan (NHMUK). Dist.: known to occur in SUDAN and EGYPT — part of the historic material by Hafez & El-Moursy (1956 a, 1956 b), originally cited as V. vermileo, was recently studied and compared to the holotype of V. niloticus by Kehlmaier (2021). Refs.: Edwards, 1935: 56 (fig.); Hafez & El-Moursy, 1956 a: 287 – 291 (larv. biol.), 288, 292 – 293, 295 (figs.), 291 – 296 (larv. des.) as V. vermileo; Nagatomi et al., 1999: 21 (key), 22 – 23 (cat.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBFFFAFFF4EB0D0B51A98FD.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Orsmsby Co., Nevada, USA (USNM). Dist.: USA: widespread in western states, occurring in California; New Mexico in Bandelier National Monument {35 ° 47 ’ N 106 ° 20 ’ W} and Alamogordo {32 ° 53 ’ N 105 ° 57 ’ W}; Nevada in Carson City {39 ° 09 ’ N 119 ° 43 ’ W}; Utah in Zion NP {37 ° 20 ’ N 113 ° 00 ’ W} and Gleendale {37 ° 20 ’ N 112 ° 35 ’ W}; Colorado in Mesa Verde NP {37 ° 13 ’ N 108 ° 28 ’ W} and Colorado National Monument {39 ° 03 ’ N 108 ° 41 ’ W}; and Idaho in Snake River — Jerome Co. [42 ° 29 ’ 45.6 ” N 114 ° 07 ’ 51.6 ” W], Deadwood Reservoir — Valley Co. [44 ° 18 ’ 10.8 ” N 115 ° 38 ’ 20.4 ” W], Sheep Creek [43 ° 41 ’ 42.0 ” N 115 ° 39 ’ 39.6 ” W], Bogus Basin Road [43 ° 43 ’ 49.8 ” N 116 ° 08 ’ 20.0 ” W], Shafer Butte [43 ° 47 ’ 26.5 ” N 116 ° 05 ’ 39.1 ” W] — Boise Co., Boise [43 ° 36 ’ 00.0 ” N 116 ° 13 ’ 00.1 ” W], Luke Peak Reservoir [43 ° 31 ’ 24.2 ” N 116 ° 04 ’ 05.5 ” W], Macks Creeks [43 ° 36 ’ 41.0 ” N 115 ° 55 ’ 54.8 ” W], Dry Creek [43 ° 41 ’ 17.2 ” N 116 ° 11 ’ 10.3 ” W] — Ada Co., Elks Flat Camp Ground [43 ° 32 ’ 30.8 ” N 115 ° 17 ’ 51.0 ” W] — Elmore Co. Refs.: Coquillet, 1904: 21 (des.); Kertész, 1908: 298 (cat. as Pheneus); Leonard, 1930: 72 – 73 (redes.); Wheeler, 1930: 175 – 176 (comparisons between V. opacus and V. comstocki); DeLeon, 1938: 168 (dist.); Pechuman, 1938: 87 – 88 (fem. des.), 87 (key); James, 1965: 342 (cat.); Teskey, 1981: 531 (fig.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 18 (key), 23 (cat.); Petersen & Backer, 2006: 5 (dist.); Kerr, 2010: 58 – 60, 64 (phyl.); Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBFFFAFFF4EB359B6149E3A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Jamaica (NHMUK). Dist.: JAMAICA: restricted to the island. Type series has no specific location, but the species was reported by Pechuman (1938) from Jackson Town {18 ° 24 ’ N 77 ° 28 ’ W}. Refs.: Walker, 1852: 156 (des.); Williston, 1900: 264 (cat.); Kertész, 1908: 299 (cat. as Pheneus); Johnson & Brues, 1919: 428 (list); Wheeler, 1930: 276 (note); Pechuman, 1938: 87 (key); Teskey, 1981: 531 (fig.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 19 (key), 23 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBFFFACFF4EB425B51A99C5.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: sex not indicated in orig. des., “ southern France ” (unknown deposit). Dist.: occurring from eastern mainland Spain to Croatia, including France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria and Slovenia (Beuk & Pape 2013; Kehlmaier 2021). SPAIN: Cabrils {41 ° 31 ’ N 2 ° 22 ’ E}; FRANCE: type was assigned to occur in “ southern France ”, other cited locations are Bouches-du-Rhône, La Ciotat {43 ° 10 ’ N 5 ° 36 ’ E}, Nantes [47 ° 14 ’ 19.62 ’’ N 1 ° 33 ’ 17.60 ’’ E], Les Eyzeis-de-Tayac-Sireuil {44 ° 56 ’ N 1 ° 02 ’ E}, Les Grandes Landes {45 ° 29 ’ N 1 ° 01 ’ E} and Charnay {45 ° 53 ’ N 4 ° 39 ’ E}. ITALY: the species occurs in the northern half of the mainland and Sardinia (Kehlmaier 2021); there is also a report from Giglia Island {42 ° 21 ’ N 10 ° 53 ’ E}; historic records from southern Italy including Sardinia and Sicily need to be re-evaluated; AUSTRIA: reported from Linz {48 ° 17 ’ N 14 ° 18 ’ E}; CROATIA: reported from Rovinj {45 ° 04 ’ N 13 ° 40 ’ E}, Premantura {44 ° 47 ’ N 13 ° 54 ’ E}, Lošinj {44 ° 40 ’ N 14 ° 22 ’ E}, Podaca {43 ° 08 ’ N 17 ° 19 ’ E} Dubrovnik-Neretva, Mljet {42 ° 44 ’ N 17 ° 32 ’ E} and Baška Voda {44 ° 58 ’ N 14 ° 47 ’ E}; SLOVENIA: from Osp {45 ° 34 ’ N 13 ° 51 ’ E}, Piran {45 ° 31 ’ N 13 ° 34 ’ E} and Fiesta {45 ° 31 ’ N 13 ° 34 ’ E}; SWITZERLAND: from Montorge (Valais) {46 ° 13 ’ N 7 ° 20 ’ E}; GERMANY: Weil am Rhein, gravel pit Käppelin [47 ° 35 ’ 08.3 ’’ N 7 ° 37 ’ 52.6 ’’ E]. Historic records from Bulgaria and Greece need to be re-evaluated. Refs.: De Geer, 1752: 178 – 191, 261 – 265 (larv. biol.), Tab. V (figs.); Réaumur, 1753 (larv. biol.); Linnaeus, 1758: 590 (des.); Fabricius, 1775: 762 (redes.) as Rhagio vermile o; De Geer, 1776 (larv. biol.) as Nemotelus vermile o; Fabricius, 1781: 419 – 420 (as Rhagio vermileo); Fabricius, 1787: 332 (as Rhagio vermileo); Fabricius, 1805: 70 (cat.) as Leptis vermile o; Lamarck, 1816: 423 (cat.) as Rhagio vermile o; Cuvier, 1817: 618 – 619 (as Rhagio vermileo); Meigen, 1820: 96 – 97 (as Leptis vermileo); De Romand, 1833: 498 – 499 (larv. biol. as Leptis vermileo); Macquart 1834: 428 – 429 (redes.) as V. degeeri i; Blanchart, 1840: 603 (redes.), as Psammorycter vermile o; Perris, 1852: 199 (redes.) as Apogon dufour i; Rondani, 1856: 153 (cat.); Von Siebold, 1861 (larv.) biol. as Leptis vermile o; Schiner, 1862: 170 – 171 (as Apogon dufourii); Courtiller, 1867: 71, 73 – 75 (larv. biol.), 72 (figs.) as Leptis vermileo; Palm, 1869: 417 (dist.) as V. degeer i; Brauer, 1883 a: 43 – 44 (as Vermileo degeeri); Brauer, 1883 b: 114 (as Vermileo degeeri); Williston, 1886: 107 (note about spp. nomenclature); Mik, 1887: 331 (syn. discussion); Röder, 1892 (syn. discussion); Coucke, 1893: 130 (as Vermileo degeeri); Mik, 1894 (syn. discussion); Griffini, 1895: 1 – 2 (dist.) as Psammorcyte r; Bezzi, 1898: 28 (dist. as Psammorcyter vermileo); Kertész, 1908: 297 – 298 (cat.); Verral, 1909: 257 (figs.) as V. degeer i; Bequaert, 1922: 277 – 278 (larv. biol.); Lindner, 1925: 6 (cat., fig.); Séguy, 1926: 91, 93 (figs.), 92 (des., larv. des.); Wheeler, 1930: 144 – 146 (nomenclature com.), 146 – 149 (dist.), 150 – 155 (larv. biol.); Edwards, 1935: 56 (fig.); Buchner, 1940 (biol., larv., biol.); Brauns, 1954 (pupae des.); Le Faucheux, 1961 (biol.); Tsacas, 1962: 200 – 213 (larv. des.), 201 – 203, 205 – 207, 209 – 212, 214, 225, pls. II, XIII – XVI (figs.), 213 – 215 (larv. biol.), 216 – 226 (comparisons to Chrysopilus and Rhagio larv.); Hemmingsen & Nielsen, 1971: 178 – 181 (biol.); Chassagnard & Tsacas, 1974: 14 – 26 (larv. morphology, comparison to Chrysopilus auratus), 15, 18, 20, 23 – 24, 26 (figs.); Majer, 1988: 34 (cat.); Ebejer, 1995: 87 (wrong species report, probably V. immaculatus); Thompson & Pont, 1993: 132 (list); Ludwig et al., 1996: 10 – 11 (larv. des.), 11 – 12 (larv. biol.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 20 (key), 23 (cat.); Ovtshinnikova, 2000: 437 – 438 (male gen.); Carles-Tolrá 2001: 59 (dist.); Ludwig et al., 2001: 92 (larv. des.); Carles-Tolrá & Baéz, 2002: 118 (cat.); Marchesi et al., 2005: 68 (dist.); Devetak, 2008 a: 285 (dist., larv. biol.); Devetak, 2008 b: 632 – 634 (larv. biol.); Kerr, 2010: 49,51 (figs.), 58 – 60, 64 (phyl.); Doczkal, 2017: 826 (dist.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 866, 868 (figs.); Papp & Soltész, 2019: 5 – 7 (larv. biol.), 6 (dist.); Hubenov, 2019 (dist.), Kehlmaier, 2021: 342 (phyl., dist.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBCFFACFF4EB3B1B76F9EC9.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, between Mexico City and Cuernavaca, Mexico [unknown deposite]. Dist.: MEXICO: from La Gruta, near San Juan Teotihuacan {19 ° 41 ’ N 98 ° 52 ’ W}; Palo Blanco {17 ° 24 ’ N 99 ° 27 ’ W} and Chilpancingo {17 ° 32 ’ N 99 ° 29 ’ W} (both in Guerrero) and between Cuernavaca and Mexico City {9 ° 10 ’ N 99 ° 08 ’ W}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBCFFACFF4EB6E4B0B09D41.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Goeap Nature Reserve near Springbok, Namaqualand, South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: known only from Goeap Nature Reserve (Namaqualand) [29 ° 40 ’ S 17 ° 59 ’ E].	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBCFFACFF4EB5E1B74F9C79.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Lampromyia vansoni Stuckenberg, 1965 b: 107, by orig. des.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBCFFADFF4EB73CB50D9B85.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, Brandkaros, Richtersveld, C. P, South Africa (TMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: reported from Brandkaros (Richtersveld) {29 ° 00 ’ S 17 ° 05 ’ E}, Numees mine (Richtersveld) [28 ° 10 ’ 48.0 ” S 16 ° 34 ’ 48.0 ” E] and near Ochtha Mine {28 ° 09 ’ 15.7 ” S 16 ° 50 ’ 45.2 ” E}; NAMIBIA: only from Rosh Pinah [27.585 16.46 E].	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBDFFADFF4EB2C8B09E9951.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Liulimao, Ganquan, Shaanxi, China (CAU). Dist.: CHINA: central China in Ganquan (Shaanxi prov.) {36 ° 10 ’ N 109 ° 21 ’ E} and Gansu prov. {34 ° 41 ’ N 103 ° 22 ’ E} / {33 ° 53 ’ N 104 ° 58 ’ E}	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBDFFADFF4EB3CDB6129E39.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Wenxian County, Gansu prov., China (CAU). Dist.: CHINA: known only from Wenxian County (Gansu prov.) {32 ° 54 ’ N 104 ° 47 ’ E}. Refs.: Yang & Chen, 1993: 131 (figs.), 131 – 132 (des.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 29 – 32 (key), 35 – 37 (redes.), 34, 47 (figs.), 73 (dist.), 138 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBDFFADFF4EB425B12C9F3D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Shangfangshan, Beijin, China (CAU). Dist.: CHINA: known from Shangfangshan {39 ° 35 ’ N 114 ° 01 ’ E} and Miaofengshan {39 ° 58 ’ N 116 ° 03 ’ E} (Beijin prov.); Wutaishan {39 ° 35 ’ N 114 ° 01 ’ E} and Yungang (Shanxi prov.) {40 ° 06 ’ N 113 ° 07 ’ E}. Refs.: Yang & Chen, 1993: 129 (figs.), 129 – 130 (des.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 29 – 32 (key), 37 – 40 (redes.), 38, 40 (figs.), 73 (dist.), 138 (phyl.); Ovtshinnikova et al., 2014: 488 (larv. des., larv. biol.), 489 – 494 (figs.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBDFFADFF4EB519B7089C05.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Shanziya, Shandong prov., China (CAU). Dist.: CHINA: known only from Taishan (Shanziya, Shandong Prov.) {36 ° 13 ’ N 117 ° 05 ’ E}. Refs.: Yang & Chen, 1993: 130 – 131 (des.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 29 – 32 (key), 40 – 41 (redes.), 41 – 42 (figs.), 74 (dist.), 138 (phyl.), Wang et al., 2021: 10, 12 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBDFFADFF4EB671B6C19D09.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Gyaide, Bomê county, Tibet, China [presumed CAU]. Dist.: CHINA (TIBET): occurring in Gyaide {29 ° 6 ’ N 87 ° 30 ’ E} and Zhamog (both in Bomê county) and Nyingchi county {29 ° 37 ’ N 94 ° 19 ’ E}. Refs.: Yang & Chen, 1987: 157 (des.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 29 – 32 (key), 42 – 45 (redes.), 44 – 45 (figs.), 73 (dist.), 138 (phyl.); Ludwig et al., 2001: 91 (larv. des.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBDFFADFF4EB775B6479DD1.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Jinxiandong, Wudangshan, Hubei prov., China (CAU). Dist.: CHINA: known only from Wudangshan (Jinxiandong, Hubei prov.) {32 ° 23 ’ N 111 ° 00 ’ E}. Refs.: Yang & Chen, 1986: 321 – 323 (des.), 322 – 323 (figs.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 29 – 32 (key), 46 – 49 (redes.), 46 – 48 (figs.), 73 (dist.), 138 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFBDFFADFF4EB19DB136986D.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Vermiophis ganquanensis Yang, 1979, by orig. des.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA2FFB2FF4EB0D1B6129B4D.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Wulingshan, Hebei prov., China (CAU). Dist.: CHINA: known only from Wulingshan (Hebei prov.) {40 ° 35 ’ N 117 ° 30 ’ E}. Refs.: Yang & Chen, 1993: 127 – 129 (des.), 128 (figs.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 29 – 32 (key), 49 – 51 (redes.), 50 – 51 (figs.), 74 (dist.), 138 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA2FFB2FF4EB291B51B998E.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Bridal Veils Falls, Transvaal, South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: known only from Bridal Veil Falls (Transvaal) [25 ° 05 ’ S 30 ° 43 ’ E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1997: 175 – 176 (diag.), 176 – 180 (des.), 178, 179 (figs.); 194 (phyl.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 52 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA2FFB2FF4EB3E9B69B9ECA.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Bokong P. O., Basutoland, Lesotho (NMSA). Dist.: LESOTHO: reported from Bokong (Basutoland) {29 ° 20 ’ S 28 ° 27 ’ E} and Mamathes {29 ° 07 ’ S 27 ° 50 ’ E}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA2FFB2FF4EB4B5B5369C96.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, Thukela (Tugela) River valley, Mfongosi, Natal, South Africa (SAMC). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: specimens known from Thukela River valley (Mfongosi) {28 ° 42 ’ S 30 ° 50 ’ E} and Bushveld Valley, Rensburgpruit (Escourt) {28 ° 59 ’ S 29 ° 57 ’ E}. Refs.: Bezzi, 1926: 303 – 304 (des.); Wheeler, 1930: 265 – 266 (com. on differences between brevirostris and Lampromyia sericea) as Lampromyia; Stuckenberg, 1960: 252 (key), 255 – 256, 259 (figs.), 267 (diag., redes.), 294 – 297 (biog. cons.), 297 (dist.) as Lampromyia (subgen. Vermipardus); Stuckenberg, 1995 a: 222 (key), 231 – 232 (dist.), 239 (phen.), 246 (phyl.), 247 – 251 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1997: 174 (dist.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 52 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA2FFB2FF4EB1D5B6B498A5.taxon	type_taxon	Type-species: Lampromyia intermedia Stuckenberg, 1955: 263, by orig. des.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA2FFB2FF4EB1D5B6B498A5.taxon	description	Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1960 (as subgen.): 227 (diag.), 297 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1995 a: 219 (key), 220 (status rev.), 220 – 221 (des.), 239 (phe.), 240 – 244 (biol., larv. biol.), 247 – 251 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1996 b: 248 (phyl.), 249 (key); Stuckenberg, 1997: 174 (dist.), Nagatomi et al., 1999: 3 – 4 (key), 51 (cat.), 51 – 52 (diag.), 72 – 73, 75 (dist.), 137 (phyl.); Stuckenberg, 2000 a: 185 (key), 191 – 192 (com. on morphology and dist.), 193 (dist.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 871 (key).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA2FFB3FF4EB681B01E9AF6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Skoosteenkop mountain, Hout bay, Cape Peninsula Skoorsteenkop, Hout Bay, South Africa (MZLU). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: only known from Skoostennkop mountain (Cape Peninsula) {34 ° 01 ’ S 18 ° 22 ’ E}. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1960: 252 (key), 253, 255 – 256, 259 (figs.), 253 (diag.), 253 – 257 (des.) 294 – 297 (biog. cons.), 297 (dist.) as Lampromyia (subgen. Vermipardus); Stuckenberg, 1995 a: 224 (key), 239 (phen.), 240 (fig.), 247 – 251 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1997: 180 (key), 184, 191 (fig.), 190 (redes.), 194 (phyl.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 52 (cat.). Remark: There is a male paratype in NMSA according to Stuckenberg (1997).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA3FFB3FF4EB161B71898C1.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape prov., South Africa (SAMC). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: reported from Grahamstown [33 ° 19 ’ 00.0 ” S 26 ° 31 ’ 00.0 ” E], Fort Beaulfort (Cape prov.) {32 ° 46 ’ S 26 ° 36 ’ E} and Resolution (near Grahamstown) [33 ° 10 ’ S 26 ° 37 ’ E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1955: 259 (figs.), 263 – 265 (des.); Stuckenberg, 1960: 221, 223 – 224, 255 – 256, 259 (figs.), 252 (key), 265 (diag.), 265 – 266 (redes.), 294 – 297 (biog. cons.), 297 (dist.) as Lampromyia (subgen. Vermipardus); Stuckenberg, 1995 a: 228 – 229 (dist.), 224 (key), 219, 223 (figs.), 239 (phen.), 245 (phyl.), 247 – 251 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1997: 174 (dist.), 194 (phyl.); Ludwig et al., 2001: 91 (larv. des.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 53 (cat.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 866, 872 (figs.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA3FFB3FF4EB2BDB63199C6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Boesmansriviermond, Cape prov., South Africa (AMGS). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: specimens reported from Boesmansriviermond (Cape prov.) {33 ° 41 ’ S 26 ° 38 ’ E} and Groot Rivier {33 ° 44 ’ S 24 ° 36 ’ E}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA3FFB3FF4EB3B0B6649EAE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, East London, South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: known only from East London {33 ° 00 ’ S 27 ° 51 ’ E}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA3FFB3FF4EB488B1929C06.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Table Mountain, above lower Cable House, Cape Town, South Africa (NHMUK). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: occurring in Table Mountain, Cable House (Cape Town) {29 ° 34 ’ S 30 ° 32 ’ E} and in National Reserve Olifantsbos, Cape of Good Hope (West Cape) [34 ° 16 ’ S 18 ° 23 ’ E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1961: 120 (diag.), 120 – 123 (des.), 121 (figs.), 123 – 124 (larv. des, larv. biol.) as Lampromyia (subgen. Vermopardus); Stuckenberg, 1995 a: 219, 221, 223, 240 (fig.), 224 (key), 239 (phen.), 247 (dist.), 247 – 251 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1997: 179 (fig.), 180 (key), 194 (phyl.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 53 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA3FFB3FF4EB671B6639CEE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Ashburton, Natal, South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: occurring in Ashburton {29 ° 39 ’ S 30 ° 27 ’ E} and Howick (Natal) [29 ° 29 ’ S 30 ° 13 ’ E].	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA3FFB3FF4EB749B6639DB6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Drakensberg mountains, Royal Natal NP, Natal, South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: apparently restricted to Drakensberg Mountains (Natal) {28 ° 43 ’ S 28 ° 54 ’ E}.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA0FFB0FF4EB0D1B6109B4F.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Marloth Nature Reserve, West Cape, South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: known to occur only in Marloth Nature Reserve (West Cape) [33 ° 59 ’ S 20 ° 27 ’ E] Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1997: 179, 181, 183, 189 (figs.), 180 (key), 181 – 182 (diag.), 181 – 185 (des.), 194 (phyl.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 53 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA0FFB0FF4EB129B06898FE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Katberg mountain, Eastern Cape prov., South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: reported from Katberg mountain (Eastern Cape) {32 ° 29 ’ S 26 ° 39 ’ E}, Grahamstown {33 ° 18 ’ S 26 ° 31 ’ E}, Hogsback (Cape prov.) {32 ° 35 ’ S 26 ° 55 ’ E}, Drakensberg mountains in Giants Castle Reserve (Natal) {29 ° 20 ’ S 29 ° 28 ’ E}. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1960: 252 (key), 255 – 256, 259 (figs.), 257 (diag.), 257 – 260 (des.), 294 – 297 (biog. cons.), 297 (dist.) as Lampromyia (subgen. Vermipardus); Stuckenberg, 1995 a: 223, 228 (figs.), 225 (key), 239 (phen.), 245 (phyl.), 247 – 251 (biog. cons.); Stuckenberg, 1997: 174 (dist.), 194 (phyl.), 189 (fig.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 53 (cat.); Ludwig et al., 2001: 91 (larv. des.); Woodley & Swart, 2017: 865, 869 (figs.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA0FFB0FF4EB359B56D99C7.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Onrus, West Cape prov., South Africa (NMSA). Dist.: SOUTH AFRICA: known only from Onrus (West Cape prov.) [34 ° 24 ’ S 19 ° 11 ’ E]. Refs.: Stuckenberg, 1997: 180 (key), 184, 191 (figs.), 185 (diag.), 185 – 187 (des.), 194 (phyl.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 54 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA0FFB0FF4EB4B5B51B9FCF.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: sex not indicated in orig. des. (only immature stages known), Deli prov., Konde, Sumatra [presumed MCZC]. Dist.: INDONESIA: only reported from Konde, Deli prov. (Sumatra). Refs.: Wheeler, 1930: 271 – 272 (larv. biol.), 272 – 274 (larv. and pupae des.), 273 (fig.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 60 (cat.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA0FFB0FF4EB5A9B7CA9C7A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Bettotan near Sandakan, Sabah, Borneo (NHMUK). Dist.: INDONESIA: known only from Bettotan, Sabah (Borneo) {5 ° 45 ’ N 117 ° 59 ’ E}. Refs.: Oldroyd, 1947: 22 (des.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 60 (cat.), 60 (key).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA0FFB0FF4EB6DBB7469DF4.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Male, Butu Caves, Kuala Lampur, Malasya (NHMUK). Dist.: MALASYA: reported from Butu Caves (Kuala Lampur) {3 ° 14 ’ N 101 ° 41 ’ E}, Bukit Kutu {3 ° 32 ’ ” N 101 ° 42 ’ E} and Petaling district {3 ° 06 ’ N 101 ° 34 ’ E}. Refs.: Brunetti, 1927: 293 (des.); Edwards, 1932: 218 – 220 (com., status rev.), 219 (figs.); Oldroyd, 1947: 21 – 22 (dist.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 60 (key), 61 (cat.). Remark: Oldroyd (1947) mentions a specimen from Naraikkadu, India {8 ° 42 ’ N 77 ° 44 ’ E} identified as V. orientalis at NHMUK, however this record needs to be corroborated.	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA0FFB0FF4EB45DB6D19ECA.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Vermitigris fairchildi Wheeler, 1930: 267, by mon. Refs.: Wheeler, 1930 (immature stages only): 272 – 274 (larv. and pupae des., diag.); Nagatomi et al., 1999: 3 (key), 54 (cat.), 54 – 60 (diag.), 75 (dist.), 137 (phyl.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
03BF87C0FFA1FFB1FF4EB0D0B19F9BDE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: Female, Langping, Tianlin Co., Bose Pr., Guanxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China (CAU). Dist.: CHINA: reported only from Tianlin (Guanxi Aut. Reg.) {24 ° 29 ’ N 106 ° 21 ’ E}. Refs.: Yang, 1988: 178 – 179 (des.), 178 – 180 (larv. des.); Nagatomi e t al., 1999: 59 (figs.), 60 (key), 65 – 67 (redes.). Remark: There is a description of a larva by Shelford & Shelford (1900), collected at Mt. Penrissen, Kalimantan Barat province, Northern Borneo {1 ° 06 ’ N 110 ° 13 ’ E}. The larva cannot be precisely identified. Wheeler (1930) and Oldroyd (1947) discuss its identity. Nagatomi et al. (1999: 67) provide the English translation of an observation by Yang & Chen (1987) who collected larvae of presumably Vermitigris sp. from Tibet (Yadong Co.).	en	Bueno, Gabriel M., Kehlmaier, Christian, Santos, Charles Morphy D. (2021): A worldwide catalog of the Vermileonidae (Diptera: Brachycera). Zootaxa 5060 (4): 489-514, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.4.2
