identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F187C9FFB7FF87FF5669436651FC96.text	03F187C9FFB7FF87FF5669436651FC96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona Giordani Soika 1993	<div><p>Genus Malayepipona Giordani Soika, 1993</p> <p>Malayepipona Giordani Soika, 1993: 151, genus.</p> <p>Type species Malayepipona pagdeni Giordani Soika, 1993, by original designation and monotypy.</p> <p>Diagnosis. This genus was considered to be similar to the genus Stenodyneriellus by Giordani Soika (1993). Compared with other Oriental genera, it is like Allorhynchium and Okinawepipona in habitus and in having the dorsal surface of T1 truncate and clearly separated from the anterior vertical surface, the latter slight convex. It can be easily distinguished from Allorhynchium by the following character: tegula (Figs 7, 17, 28, 37, 47, 57, 65, 74) more than twice as long as wide, its posterior lobe narrow, well developed and shaped like a long triangle, and posteriorly exceeding the apex of parategula. And it can be separated from Okinawepipona by the following characters: maxillary palp six segmented and labial palp four segmented.</p> <p>Distribution. Oriental Region.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFB7FF87FF5669436651FC96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFB7FF84FF566B6861EEFDB3.text	03F187C9FFB7FF84FF566B6861EEFDB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona Giordani Soika 1993	<div><p>Key to species of genus Malayepipona (modified from the key of Nguyen 2020)</p> <p>1. S2 strongly convex in basal half................................................... M. assamensis Giordani Soika</p> <p>- S2 nearly flat or slightly convex at base, then slightly and gradually convex toward apical margin..................... 2</p> <p>2. T2 without apical lamella............................................................................... 3</p> <p>- T2 with apical lamella................................................................................. 7</p> <p>3. Upper part of propodeum usually with a pair of relatively blunt teeth just behind metanotum (Figs. 48, 71).............. 4</p> <p>- Upper part of propodeum normal, without a pair of teeth just behind metanotum................................... 5</p> <p>4. Wings dark brown, strongly infuscate, making apical dark spot of forewing marginal cell inconspicous (Fig. 68); female clypeus with separated spots (Fig. 69); area between cephalic foveae on vertex punctate (Fig. 70).............................................................................................. M. clypeata Nguyen &amp; Carpenter, 2012</p> <p>- Wings brown, slightly infuscate, apical dark spot of forewing marginal cell conspicuous (Figs 40–41); female clypeus wholly ferruginous and male clypeus yellow (Figs 42–43); area between cephalic foveae on female vertex smooth, shiny................................................................................ M. nigricans Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p> <p>5. Area surrounding foveae distinctly depressed, smooth and shiny, making foveae obvious (Fig. 3); head and mesosoma largely brown mixed with ferruginous and yellow (Fig. 1)............................... M. brunnea Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p> <p>- Area surrounding foveae not depressed, smooth and shiny, making foveae inconspicuous (fig. 9 in Nguyen, 2020)); head and mesosoma obviously different from above................................................................. 6</p> <p>6. Punctures on head and mesosoma smaller and weaker, interspaces between punctures not carinate; pronotal carina not produced at humeral angle, round; metasomal terga shiny, T 1 in dorsal view less than 1.5 times as wide as long, T2 with weaker sparser punctures.................................................................. M. pagdeni Giordani Soika, 1993</p> <p>- Punctures on head and mesosoma large and coarse, interspaces between punctures reticulate; pronotal carina strongly produced at humeral angle; metasomal terga dull, T 1 in dorsal view more than twice as wide as long, T2 with strong dense punctures.................................................................................. M. fincta Nguyen, 2020</p> <p>7. S2 nearly flat at base, then slightly convex to apical margin (Fig. 39)............................................ 8</p> <p>- S2 concave or slightly convex at base, then slightly convex to apical margin....................................... 9</p> <p>8. Clypeus sparsely punctate (Fig. 33); T2 with short apical lamella, T3 without apical lamella (Fig. 38).......................................................................................... M. maculosa Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p> <p>- Clypeus densely punctate and coarser (Fig. 2 in Nguyen &amp; Carpenter 2013); T2 with longer apical lamella, T3 with short apical lamella (Fig. 5 in Nguyen &amp; Carpenter 2013)...................................... M. malickyi (Gusenleitner, 2010)</p> <p>9. T2 with short apical lamella, T3–T5 without apical lamella................................................... 10</p> <p>- T2 with longer apical lamella, T3 with short apical lamella................................................... 13</p> <p>10. Female head with long dense setae (Fig. 5 in Gusenleitner 2012)......................... M. visenda Gusenleitner, 2012</p> <p>- Female head with shorter setae (Figs 61–62, 12–15, 33–34)................................................... 11</p> <p>11. Wings dark brown, strongly infuscate (Figs 10–11); T2 with inconspicuous apical lamella, just visible in lateral view (Fig. 19)................................................................... M. flaviclypeata Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p> <p>- Wings brown, not infuscate (Figs 22–23, 51, 60); T2 with obvious apical lamella (Figs. 30, 58, 66)................... 12</p> <p>12. Clypeus densely coarsely punctate; apical tooth of mandible pointed (fig. 1 in Nguyen 2020); pronotal carina strongly produced at humeral angle; female head and mesosoma wholly black (Figs 1–4 in Nguyen 2020); forewing with dark spot at apex of marginal cell...................................................................... M. bidoup Nguyen, 2020</p> <p>- Clypeus sparsely punctate; apical tooth of mandible rounded (Fig. 61); pronotal carina not produced at humeral angle, round (Fig. 64); female head and mesosoma with yellow marks (Figs, 60–61, 64); forewing without dark spot at apex of marginal cell................................................................... M. triangula Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p> <p>13. Border between anterior and dorsal surfaces of T1 slightly raised, with faint edge (Fig. 30).......................... 14</p> <p>- Border between anterior and dorsal surfaces of T1 bluntly angulate, with obvious edge (Fig. 58)...................... 15</p> <p>14. Female clypeus black, laterally with two thick longitudinal yellow strips, T4 without apical lamella.......................................................................................... M. seomyty Nguyen &amp; Carpenter, 2013</p> <p>- Female clypeus entirely brownish yellow or with one basal transverse yellow band and two connected yellow spots at apex (Figs 24–25), T4 with short apical lamella..................................... M. lamellata Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p> <p>15. Clypeus densely coarsely punctate; posterior surface of propodeum with scattered shallow punctures; female clypeus entirely black; T1–T2 with apical yellow bands, T3–T5 without bands...................... M. furva Nguyen &amp; Carpenter, 2013</p> <p>- Clypeus with sparser punctures medially; posterior surface of propodeum with dense thin striae, mixed with minute punctures (Fig. 54); female clypeus black with two yellow lateral spots at base (Fig. 52); T1–T5 with apical yellow bands (widest on T2 and narrowest on T5) (Fig. 58)........................................... M. sparsipuncta Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFB7FF84FF566B6861EEFDB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFB4FF82FF566A7465B3FE10.text	03F187C9FFB4FF82FF566A7465B3FE10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona brunnea Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Malayepipona brunnea Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 1–9)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Tibet, Linzhi City, Medog County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=95.321&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.319" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 95.321/lat 29.319)">Beilong Village</a>, 29.319°N, 95.321° E, 29.VII.2014, Tingjing Li, (CNU); paratype: 2♀, same data as holotype (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species can be easily distinguished from all other members of the genus by the following character combination: area surrounding foveae distinctly depressed, smooth and shiny, foveae obvious (Fig. 3), clypeus wider than long (1.2 times), head and mesosoma mostly brown mixed with a bit ferruginous and/or yellow spots (Figs. 1 –5,7), forewing with a dark spot at apex of marginal cell (Fig. 1), and T2 without apical lamella (Figs 6, 8).</p> <p>Description. Female (Fig. 1). Body length 10.5–13.0 mm, forewing length 11–12.5 mm; body covered with short, ferruginous setae except lower part of propodeum with dense long silver setae; black, head and mesosoma mostly brown mixed with a bit ferruginous and/or yellow spots as follows: clypeus, mandible except black teeth, frons, vertex, gena, A1–A4 and other antennal segments ventrally, pronotum except medial yellow narrow band, tegula, parategula, entire mesoscutum (or with irregular brown spot), scutellum, metanotum, mesepisternum, propodeum, legs except ventral irregular black spot of hind femur, and anterior vertical surface of T1 laterally; apical narrow bands of T1–T2 yellow; wings brown, marginal cell of fore wing with an apical dark spot.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.2 times as wide as long (Fig. 2); vertex with two small cephalic foveae as big as maximum punctures on vertex, bearing dense pubescence, distance between foveae about 0.6 times as long as distance between posterior ocelli, area surrounding foveae depressed, smooth and shiny (Fig. 3); distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of vertex about 2.2 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex and gena with coarse, dense punctures; punctures on frons coarser than those of vertex and gena, interspaces slightly reticulate (Figs 2–3); gena slightly wider than eye, occipital carina complete along gena; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.2 times that at clypeus; clypeus moderately punctate, about 1.2 times as wide as long, in lateral view slightly convex at basal half; apical margin emarginated medially, laterally forming a short tooth (Fig. 2); clypeal width: emargination width = 1.70: 0.46; mandible with four teeth, the first tooth quite short and with inner side slightly concave, the other three teeth strongly prominent, the outer one pointed apically (Fig. 2); A1 about 3.8 times as long as its maximum width, curved; A3 about 1.5 times as long as wide, A4–A11 wider than long, A12 bullet-shaped, as long as its basal width.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 7); pronotum coarsely, densely punctate and strongly reticulate, punctures coarser than punctures on vertex and gena, and those punctures lateroventrally mixed with longitudinal striae (Fig. 4); pronotal carina raised and complete, slightly produced at humeral angle (Fig. 7); mesoscutum weakly convex, about as wide as long between tegulae, densely and coarsely with strongly reticulate punctures (Fig. 7); scutellum weakly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, medially with a shallow longitudinal furrow, punctures on scutellum a little sparser than mesoscutum (Fig. 7); metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, punctures on metanotum larger than mesoscutum, strongly carinate and reticulate (Fig. 7); punctures on mesepisternum larger than pronotum posterodorsally, and strongly reticulate and carinate; metapleuron dorsally with long and strong striae, ventrally with scattered shallow punctures (Fig. 4); propodeum (Figs 4–5, 7) dorsally with deep coarse flat-bottomed punctures and without a pair of blunt teeth behind metanotum, medially excavated and the basal fovea about 0.4 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to the apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by a blunt and curved edge, posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate, punctures on lateral parts coarse and strongly with longitudinal striae; posterior surface with sparse large and shallow punctures mixed with striae, and longitudinally with flaskshaped depression along propodeal carina.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 8) about 2.1 times as wide as long and basally truncate and strongly with raised edge, with horizontal carina; anterior vertical surface weakly convex, with sparse punctures; T2–T6 (Fig. 6) without apical lamella; T2 about 1.2 times as wide as long; S2 (Fig. 9) in lateral view slightly convex from base to apical margin, in frontal view concave at basal; metasomal segments dull, T1–T2 with moderate punctures, S2 punctures similar to those on T2, punctures on T3–T4 smaller and denser than punctures on T2, S3–S5 and T5 punctures sparser and smaller than T4; metasomal segment 6 with minute punctures, S6 coarser than T6.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Tibet).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin word: brunneus (= brown), referring to head and mesosoma being mostly brown.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFB4FF82FF566A7465B3FE10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFB2FF80FF5669D36682FC3C.text	03F187C9FFB2FF80FF5669D36682FC3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona flaviclypeata Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Malayepipona flaviclypeata Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 10–21)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.624" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.916/lat 25.624)">Guilin City</a>, Longsheng County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.624" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.916/lat 25.624)">Sanmen Town</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.624" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.916/lat 25.624)">Huaping Nature Reserve</a>, 25.624°N, 109.916°E, 740 m, 16.VII.2018, Xue Zhang (CNU); paratype: 1♂, same data as holotype.</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is easily distinguished from all other species of Malayepipona by the following character combination: wings dark brown, lightly infuscate and purple reflective (Figs 10–11), in both sexes clypeus wholly yellow (Figs 12–13) and vertex with two cephalic foveae (Figs 14–15), and T2 with indistinct apical lamella, just visible in lateral view (Fig. 19).</p> <p>Description. Female (Fig. 10). Body length 13.5 mm, forewing length 14.5 mm; body covered with short, silver setae except lower part of propodeum with dense long silver setae; black, with the following parts orange–yellow: clypeus, basal inner margin of mandible, scape ventrally, interantennal spot, pronotum medially and brown narrow band with branches extending along posterodorsal margin of pronotum, spots on inner and upper side of fore tibia, apical bands of T1–T2; inner part of tegula and parategula dark brown, outer part of tegula dark ferruginous; wings dark brown, lightly infuscate, purple reflective.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.1 times as wide as long (Fig. 12); vertex with two cephalic foveae somewhat bigger than maximum punctures on vertex, bearing dense pubescence, area surrounding foveae slightly depressed and finely punctate, distance between foveae as long as distance between posterior ocelli (Fig. 14); distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of vertex about 1.9 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex and gena coarsely, moderately with punctures, interspaces with distinct small punctures (Fig. 14); punctures of frons coarser than those of vertex and gena, interspaces reticulate (Figs 12); gena slightly narrower than eye, occipital carina complete, along gena; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex as long as that at clypeus; clypeus (Fig. 12) densely punctate and sparser than frons, about 1.1 times as wide as long, in lateral view convex at basal half, apical margin strongly emarginate medially and U-shaped, laterally forming a sharp tooth; clypeal width: emargination width = 1.78: 0.41; mandible with four teeth, the first tooth quite short and with inner side slightly concave, second and third teeth trapezoid with inner side produced, the outer one pointed apically (Fig. 12); A1 about 3.6 times as long as its maximum width, curved; A3 about 1.7 times longer than wide, A4 wide, A5–A7 as wide as long, A8–A11 wider than long, A12 bullet–shaped, as long as its basal width.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 17); pronotum coarsely, moderately punctate dorsally and similar to those on vertex, laterally punctures denser and interspaces slightly reticulate, interspaces of pronotum with distinct small punctures; pronotal carina raised and complete; mesoscutum weakly convex, slightly longer than wide between tegulae, posterior apex with two deep longitudinal furrow (Fig. 17), punctures on mesoscutum similar to those on pronotum; scutellum slightly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, punctures on scutellum similar to those on mesoscutum; metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, punctures on metanotum larger than mesoscutum, strongly carinate and reticulate; mesepisternum with dense, large, flat–bottomed punctures, larger than pronotum; metapleuron dorsally with several punctures and mostly impunctate, ventrally with several shallow small punctures (Fig. 16); propodeum (Figs 16–18) dorsally with irregular punctures and coarser than mesepisternum, strongly carinate and reticulate, without a pair of blunt teeth behind metanotum, medially excavated and the basal fovea with extending propodeal carina medially, the basal fovea about 0.2 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea basally to the apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by blunt edge, posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate, laterally with dense, large, flat-bottomed punctures, the depth of the punctures on the lateral surfaces decreasing from upper to bottom; outer part of posterior surface smooth and coriaceous and inner part densely with oblique striae which runs from propodeal carina, longitudinally with irregular and shallow depression along propodeal carina, widened at the basal fovea medially and at apical margin.</p> <p>.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 19) about 2.1 times as wide as long, and basally truncate and weakly raised edge, without carina; anterior vertical surface weakly convex, with sparse punctures; T2 (Fig. 19) with unobvious apical lamella, just visible in lateral view, T2 about 1.1 times as wide as long; S2 (Fig. 20) in lateral view slightly convex from base to apical margin, in frontal view weakly concave at basal; T1 with moderate punctures coarser and denser than punctures on T2; punctures on S2 a bit sparser than to those on T2, punctures on T3–T4 denser and smaller than on T2, punctures on S3–S5 and T5 smaller than on T4, T6 with minute punctures sparser than S6.</p> <p>Male (Fig. 11). Body length 13.5 mm, forewing length 14.0 mm. Sculpture, punctuation, setae, and coloration as in female except as follows: mandible (Fig. 13) mostly yellow, two yellow spots on pronotum medially smaller than in female; orange–yellow spots on inner and upper side of middle tibia and femur; head about 1.2 times as wide as long in frontal view; distance between cephalic foveae about 0.9 times as long as distance between posterior ocelli (Fig. 15); distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of the vertex about 2.1 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; eye strongly swollen laterally; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.1 times that at clypeus; gena narrow, in lateral view about 0.6 times as wide as eye; clypeal punctures with sparser than in female, about 1.1 times as wide as long (Fig. 13); clypeal width: emargination width = 1.61: 0.48; antenna (Fig. 21) slender than in female, A1 about 3 times as long as its maximum width; A3 about 2 times as long as wide, A4–A7 slightly longer than wide, A8–A9 about wider than long, A10 longer than wide, A13 elongate, curved, backward reaching apical margin of A10, about twice as long as its basal width; scutellum with deep longitudinal furrow medially; metapleuron dorsally deep depressions, and with several punctures and strong striae; T7 almost without punctures, coriaceous, S7 with shallow punctures larger than T6.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Guangxi).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from two Latin words: flavus (= yellow) and clypeus (= clypeus), referring to the yellow clypeus in males and females.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFB2FF80FF5669D36682FC3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFB0FF8EFF566BFF6499FB88.text	03F187C9FFB0FF8EFF566BFF6499FB88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona lamellata Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Malayepipona lamellata Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 22–31)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Guizhou Province, Qiannan Prefecture, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.383&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.474" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.383/lat 24.474)">Maolan Nature Reserve</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.383&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.474" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.383/lat 24.474)">Dongdai Village</a>, 25.311°N, 107.936°E, 736 m, 21.VI.2015, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.383&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.474" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.383/lat 24.474)">Zhenxia Ma</a> (CNU); paratype: 1♀, China, Guangxi Zhuang <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.383&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.474" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.383/lat 24.474)">Autonomous Region</a>, Tianlin County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.383&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.474" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.383/lat 24.474)">Cenwang Laoshan</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=106.383&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.474" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 106.383/lat 24.474)">County Road</a> 794, 24.474°N, 106.383°E, 1554 m, 26.VII.2014, Xiang Li (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles M. seomyty Nguyen &amp; Carpenter 2013 from Vietnam, but it differs from the related species and all other species of Malayepipona by the following character combination: distance from posterior ocelli to apical margin of the vertex longer, about 2.0 times of the distance from posterior ocelli to inner eye margin (Fig. 26), T4 with thin apical lamella (Fig. 30), and clypeus largely to wholly yellow (Figs 24–25).</p> <p>Description. Female (Figs. 22–23). Body length 10.5–11.0 mm, forewing length 10.5 mm; body covered with short, silver setae except lower part of propodeum with dense, long silver setae; black, with the following parts yellow: clypeus largely to wholly yellow (Figs. 24-25), mandible partly, whole inner eye margin or narrow band along inner eye margin extending from bottom of frons to lower ocular sinus (Fig. 25), lower part of frons or interantennal spot, scape and pedicel, gena or small spot on gena, dorsal base of pronotum and with branches extending along posterodorsal margin of pronotum, tegula, parategula, apical margin of scutellum or with two lateral spots, basal margin of metanotum or with two lateral spots, posterodorsal spot of mesopleuron, legs except basal margins of femora or spots on apical margins of femora, apical bands of T1–T5 (widest on T2 and narrowest on T3–T5) and apical margins of S2-S5; wings brown, marginal cell of forewing without an apical dark spot.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.1 times as wide as long (Fig. 24); vertex with two small cephalic foveae as big as maximum punctures on vertex, bearing dense pubescence, interspace between foveae slightly depression, distance between foveae about 0.7 times as long as distance between posterior ocelli (Fig. 26); distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of the vertex about 2.0 times the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex, gena and frons with coarse punctures, interspaces slightly reticulate, interspaces on frons narrower (Figs 24–26); gena slightly narrower than eye, occipital carina complete along gena; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.2 times that at clypeus; clypeus about 1.2 times as wide as long, densely punctate, punctures sparser than those on frons, in lateral view convex at basal half, apical margin shallowly emarginated medially and curved, laterally forming a short tooth (Figs 24–25); clypeal width: emargination width = 1.32: 0.37; mandible with four teeth, the first tooth with inner side slightly concave, the second and the third with inner side slightly produced to form wavy, the outer one pointed apically; A1 about 3.3–3.8 times as long as its maximum width, curved; A3 about 1.3–1.4 times longer than wide, A4–A11 wider than long, A12 bullet–shaped, as long as its basal width.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 28); pronotum, mesoscutum and scutellum coarsely, densely punctate and reticulate, punctures slightly larger than vertex and gena (Fig. 28); pronotal carina raised and complete, mesoscutum weakly convex, slightly longer than wide between tegulae; scutellum almost flat, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, medially with longitudinal furrow (Fig. 28); metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, punctures on metanotum denser than scutellum, strongly carinate and reticulate; mesepisternum with dense, large, flat–bottomed punctures, similar to those on pronotum; metapleuron dorsally with several punctures, ventrally with sparse shallow and degraded punctures (Fig. 27); propodeum (Figs. 27–29) dorsally with dense, large, flat–bottomed punctures, strongly carinate and reticulate, deeper than mesepisternum, without a pair of blunt teeth behind metanotum, medially excavated and the basal fovea about 0.5 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to the apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by carinae between punctures; posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate; laterally with punctures shallower and sparser than mesepisternum, the depth of the punctures on the lateral surfaces decreasing from upper to bottom (sometimes mixed with striae), posterior surface coriaceous with finely punctures or striae, and with flask-shaped depression along propodeal carina (Fig. 29).</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 30) about 2.0 times as wide as long, and basally truncate and weakly raised or even flat edge, anterior vertical surface weakly convex, with sparse punctures; T2–T4 (Fig. 30) with thin apical lamella, apical lamella on T2 longer than T3–T4, T2 (Fig. 30) about 1.2 times as wide as long; S2 (Fig. 31) in lateral view slightly convex from base to apical margin, in frontal view concave at basal; T1–T2 with moderate punctures, S2 punctures similar to or a little sparser than those on T2, T3–T5 punctures smaller than T2, S3–S5 punctures sparser than T5, tergum and sternum 6 with minute punctures smaller and sparser than T5; punctures on metasoma generally smaller and sparser than those on mesosoma.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Guizhou).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin word lamella, referring to the apical lamellae of T2–T4.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFB0FF8EFF566BFF6499FB88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFBEFF8CFF566C6B654EFCA0.text	03F187C9FFBEFF8CFF566C6B654EFCA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona maculosa Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Malayepipona maculosa Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 32–39)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, Yunnan Province, Lijiang City, Ninglang County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.849&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.282" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.849/lat 27.282)">Daxing Town</a>, 27.282°N, 100.849°E, 2271 m, 26.VII.2011, Tingjing Li (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles M. malickyi (Gusenleitner, 2010) with the character of S2 nearly flat at base, then slightly convex to apical margin (Fig. 39). It differs from the related species and all other members of the genus by the following character combination: clypeus sparsely punctate, apical margin medially and deeply emarginated and laterally forming a pair of sharp teeth (Fig. 33), apical lamella of T2 shorter, T3 without apical lamella, and T1–T5 with ferruginous apical bands(Fig. 38).</p> <p>Description. Female (Fig. 32). Body length 10.0 mm, forewing length 10.5 mm; body covered with short, silver setae except lower part of propodeum with dense long silver setae; black, with the following parts ferruginous: large spots on upper lateral corner and two small spots at apex of clypeus, narrow band along inner eye margin extending from bottom of frons to lower ocular sinus, scape ventrally, interantennal spot, long spot on gena, dorsal base of pronotum and with branches extending along posterodorsal margin of pronotum, tegula, parategula, two lateral spots of metanotum, apical bands of T1–T5 (Fig. 38), apical spot of S2 laterally, and S3–S5 apical margins; wings brown, marginal cell of fore wing with an apical dark spot.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.0 times as wide as long (Fig. 33); vertex with two small cephalic foveae as big as maximum punctures on vertex, bearing dense pubescence, distance between foveae about 0.7 times as long as distance between posterior ocelli (Fig. 34), area surrounding foveae normal and punctate; distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of the vertex about 1.6 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex and gena with coarse punctures (Fig. 34); punctures on frons coarser than vertex and gena, interspaces slightly reticulate (Fig. 33); gena slightly narrower than eye, occipital carina complete along gena; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.2 times that at clypeus; clypeus (Fig. 33) about 1.1 times as wide as long, with sparse bigger punctures, interspaces densely with minute punctures at base and shiny at apex, in lateral view slightly convex at basal half; apical margin deeply emarginated medially, laterally forming a sharp tooth; clypeal width: emargination width = 1.26: 0.35; mandible with four teeth, the first tooth quite short and with inner side slightly concave, second and third teeth nearly square with inner side produced, the outer one pointed apically (Fig. 33); A1 about 3.7 times as long as its maximum width, curved; A3 slightly longer than wide, A4–A11 wider than long, A12 bullet–shaped, about 1.4 times as long as its basal width.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 37); pronotum coarsely, densely punctate and reticulate, punctures coarser and larger than punctures on vertex and gena, pronotal carina raised and complete (Figs 36, 37); mesoscutum weakly convex, about 1.1 times as long as wide, punctures on mesoscutum similar to those on pronotum (Fig. 37); scutellum weakly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum medially with longitudinal furrow, punctures on scutellum similar to those mesoscutum (Fig. 37); metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, punctures on metanotum smaller than mesoscutum; mesepisternum with dense, flat–bottomed punctures, similar to those on pronotum posterodorsally, punctures on ventral mesepisternum shallower; metapleuron dorsally with several punctures and weak striae, ventral metapleuron with sparse shallow punctures (Fig. 36); punctures on propodeum (Figs 35–37) dorsally coarser than mesepisternum, strongly carinate and reticulate, and without a pair of blunt teeth behind metanotum, medially excavated roundly and the basal fovea about 0.4 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to the apical margin, dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by sharp carina; posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate, lateral surface coarse, punctures much shallower and mixed with striae; posterior surface coriaceous, densely with fine punctures and striae, and with flask-shaped and deep depression along propodeal carina.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 38) about 1.8 times as wide as long, narrower than T2, and basally truncate and weakly raised edge, with transverse carina; anterior vertical surface weakly convex, with sparse punctures, and clearly separated from posterior horizontal surface; T2 (Fig. 38) with thin apical lamella, about 1.1 times as wide as long; S2 (Fig. 39) widely flat at base, then slightly convex to apical margin; metasomal segment dull, T1 with moderate punctures laterally and sparser laterally, T2 with sparse punctures, punctures on T1–T2 larger than punctures on T3–T6, punctures on T3–T5 denser than T2, punctures on S2 similar to those on T2, S3–S6 with minute punctures smaller than T5, T6 punctures sparser than S6.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin word maculosus (= marked), referring to the four spots of the clypeus.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFBEFF8CFF566C6B654EFCA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFBCFF8AFF566B6F6769FA04.text	03F187C9FFBCFF8AFF566B6F6769FA04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona nigricans Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Malayepipona nigricans Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 40–50)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Yunnan Province, Lincang City, Shuangjiang County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.786&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.366" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.786/lat 23.366)">Bangkuang</a> Village, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.786&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.366" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.786/lat 23.366)">Lama River</a>, 23.366°N, 99.786° E, 1316m, 4.VI.2019, Huachuan Wang (CNU). Paratypes: 1♂, same data as holotype; 1♂, China, Yunnan Province, Lincang City, Shuangjiang County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.794&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.311" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.794/lat 23.311)">Bangbing Town</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.794&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.311" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.794/lat 23.311)">Cha River</a>, 23.311°N, 99.794° E, 1561m, 5.VI.2019, Huachuan Wang (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles M. fincta Nguyen 2020 with the character of forewing with a dark spot at apex of marginal cell sculpture of clypeus and male clypeus wholly yellow. It differs from the related species M. fincta Nguyen 2020 and all other members of the genus by the following character combination: propodeum with a pair of relatively blunt teeth behind metanotum, shorter than M. clypeata (Fig. 48), head and mesosoma largely with ferruginous markings (Figs 40–47), T1 except apical band black, and wings darker brown.</p> <p>Description. Female (Fig. 40). Body length 11.7 mm, forewing length 12.0 mm; body covered with short, ferruginous setae except lower part of propodeum with dense long silver setae; black, with the following parts ferruginous: clypeus, mandible except black teeth, scape except black apical margin, pedicel ventrally, interantennal spot, narrow band along inner eye margin extending from bottom of frons to lower ocular sinus, long spot on gena, pronotum except lateral margin, scutellum, metanotum, posterodorsal spot of mesopleuron, bands on femora dorsally, fore tibia ventrally, apical bands on T1–T2; tegula and parategula dark brown; wings dark brown, lightly infuscate, purple reflective, and marginal cell of forewing with an apical dark spot.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.0 times as wide as long (Fig. 42); vertex with two small cephalic foveae as big as maximum punctures on vertex, bearing dense pubescence, distance between foveae about 0.5 times as long as distance between posterior ocelli, interspace between foveae smooth and shiny (Fig. 44); distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of the vertex about 2.0 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex and gena with coarse, dense punctures (Fig. 44); punctures on frons coarser than vertex and gena, interspaces strongly reticulate (Fig. 42); gena slightly wider than eye, occipital carina complete along gena; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.1 times that at clypeus; clypeus (Fig. 42) moderately punctate, punctures sparser on apical half, about 1.2 times as wide as long, in lateral view slightly convex at basal half; apical margin emarginated medially, laterally forming a sharp tooth; clypeal width: emargination width = 1.67: 0.45; mandible with four teeth, the first tooth quite short and with inner side slightly concave, the other three teeth strongly prominent, the outer one pointed apically (Fig. 42); A1 about 3.7 times as long as its maximum width, curved; A3 about 1.5 times as long as wide, A4–A11 wider than long, A12 bullet–shaped, as long as its basal width.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 47); pronotum coarsely, densely punctate and reticulate, punctures coarser than punctures on vertex and gena; pronotal carina raised and complete, slightly produced at humeral angles (Fig. 47); mesoscutum weakly convex, slightly longer than wide between tegulae; mesoscutum moderately to densely and coarsely covered with flat–bottomed punctures, interspaces incarinate and irreticulate (Fig. 47); scutellum weakly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, medially with a shallow longitudinal furrow (Fig. 47), punctures on scutellum moderate and sparser than mesoscutum; metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, medially with a wide longitudinal furrow (Fig. 48), punctures on metanotum larger than mesoscutum, interspaces strongly carinate and reticulate; mesepisternum with dense, coarse and flat–bottomed punctures, larger than pronotum posterodorsally, interspaces strongly reticulate; metapleuron dorsally with several punctures and short striae, ventral metapleuron with sparse shallow punctures (Fig. 45); propodeum (Figs 47–48) dorsally with irregular punctures, interspaces slightly reticulate, and with a pair of relatively blunt teeth (shorter than Malayepipona clypeata) behind metanotum, medially excavated and the basal fovea about 0.4 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to the apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by a sharp edge, posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate, punctures on lateral parts coarse, dense, flat–bottomed and interspaces reticulate, shallower and larger than mesepisternum; posterior surface sparsely with irregular and shallow punctures mixed with carinae, and with shallow depression along propodeal carina.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 49) about 1.9 times as wide as long, narrower than T2, and basally truncate and slightly with raised edge, basally with transverse carina, visible at lateral sides, anterior vertical surface weakly convex, with sparse punctures; T2 (Fig. 49) without apical lamella, about 1.2 times as wide as long; S2 (Fig. 50) in lateral view slightly convex from base to apical margin, in frontal view weakly concave at basal; metasomal segment dull, T1–T2 with moderate punctures, punctures on S2 similar to those on T2, punctures on T3–4 smaller and denser than punctures on T2, S3–S5 and T5 punctures smaller than T4, tergum and sternum 6 with minute punctures.</p> <p>Male (Fig. 41). Body length 9.8–10.5 mm, forewing length 10.0– 10.5 mm. Sculpture, punctuation, setae, and coloration as in female except as follows: clypeus yellow (Fig. 43), yellow spots on upper side of fore tibia, T2 with small apical band or not; head proportionally smaller, about 1.1 times as wide as long in frontal view; distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of the vertex about 1.7 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; in frontal view (Fig. 43), distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.2 times that at clypeus; vertex without cephalic foveae; gena narrower than eye; punctures on clypeus sparser and smaller than in female, slightly wider than long; clypeal width: emargination width = 1.22: 0.38; antenna (Fig. 46) slightly slender than in female, about 2.9 times as long as its maximum width; A3 about 1.8 times as wide as long, A4 slightly longer than wide, A5–A12 longer than wide, A13 elongate, curved and backward reaching base of A11, about 1.6 times as long as its basal width; metapleuron dorsally with long and strong striae; propodeum dorsal surfaces shiny, smooth in the part middle area and with irregular punctures in the marginal area.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin word nigricans (= black), referring to the conspicuous dark spot at the apex of the marginal cell of the forewing.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFBCFF8AFF566B6F6769FA04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFBAFF88FF566DE766CFFAA8.text	03F187C9FFBAFF88FF566DE766CFFAA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona sparsipuncta Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Malayepipona sparsipuncta Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 51–59)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Yunnan Province, Nujiang Prefecture, Lanping County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.411&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.435" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.411/lat 26.435)">Jinding Town</a>, 26.435°N, 99.411°E, 2349 m, 12–13.VII.2011, Tingjing Li (CNU); paratypes: 2♀, same data as holotype (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species resembles M. furva Nguyen &amp; Carpenter 2013 by sharing with the characters of T2–T3 with apical lamella, and T3 with shorter apical lamella, and border between anterior and dorsal surfaces of T1 bluntly angulate, with obvious edge. But it can be distinguished from all other species of Malayepipona by the following character combination: clypeus black with two yellow lateral spots at base (Fig. 52), T1–T5 with apical yellow bands (widest on T2 and narrowest on T5) (Fig. 58) and S2 (Fig. 59) laterally convex and medially with longitudinal concave at base.</p> <p>Description. Female (Fig. 51). Body length 9.5–10.0 mm, forewing length 9.2–10.0 mm; body covered with short, silver setae except lower part of propodeum with dense, long silver setae; black, with the following parts orange–yellow: two spots on upper lateral corner of clypeus, one below spots along inner eye margin, scape ventrally, interantennal spot, one small spot on gena, base of pronotum, parategula, two lateral spots of scutellum (or not), two big connected spots of metanotum, apical bands on T1–T5 (widest on T2 and narrowest on T5), lateral apical bands on S2; tegula dark brown; wings brown, marginal cell of fore wing without an apical dark spot.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, slightly wider than long (Fig. 52); vertex with two small cephalic foveae slightly bigger than maxmium puncture on vertex, bearing dense and long pubescence, area surrounding foveae nomal and punctate, distance between foveae about 0.8 times as long as distance between posterior ocelli (Fig. 53); distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of the vertex about 1.6 times the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex and gena with coarse, dense punctures (Fig. 53); punctures on frons coarser than vertex and gena, interspaces reticulate (Fig. 52); gena slightly wider than eye, occipital carina complete along gena; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.2 times that at clypeus; clypeus (Fig. 52) basally with moderate punctures, medially and apically with sparse punctures, about 1.1 times as wide as long, in lateral view convex at basal half, apical margin emarginated medially, laterally forming a sharp tooth; clypeal width: emargination width = 1.32: 0.40; mandible with four prominent teeth, the first tooth with inner side slightly concave, the second and the third with inner side slightly produced to form round edges, the outer one pointed apically (Fig. 52); A1 about 3.2 times as long as its maximum width, curved; A3 about 1.6 times as long as wide, A4 slightly longer than wide, A5–A11 wider than long, A12 bullet–shaped, as long as its basal width.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 57); pronotum coarsely, densely punctate and strongly reticulate, punctures coarser and larger than vertex and gena; pronotal carina raised and complete; mesoscutum (Fig. 57) weakly convex, about 1.1 times as wide as long, punctures on mesoscutum similar to those on pronotum; scutellum weakly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum medially with longitudinal furrow (Fig. 57), punctures on scutellum similar to those on mesoscutum; metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, punctures on metanotum deeper than mesoscutum; scutellum and metanotum with deep depression (Fig. 56); mesepisternum with dense, large, flat–bottomed punctures, larger than pronotum posterodorsally; metapleuron dorsally with several punctures and weak striae, ventrally with sparse shallow punctures (Fig. 55); propodeum (Figs 54, 55, 57) dorsally with deep, dense, flat–bottomed punctures, interspaces strongly carinate and reticulate, its maximum punctures on body, medially excavated roundly and the basal fovea about 0.3 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to the apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by a sharp edge; posterior and lateral surfaces connected by sharply angulate; lateral surface coarse, punctures much shallower and mixed with striae (Fig.); posterior surface densely with minute punctures mixed with striae, and with deep flask-shaped depression along propodeal carina.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 58) about 1.8 times as wide as long, and basally truncate and weakly with raised edge, anterior vertical surface weakly convex, with sparse punctures; T2–T3 (Fig. 58) with obvious apical lamella, T2 about 1.1 times as wide as long; S2 (Fig. 59) in lateral view slightly convex from base to apical margin, in frontal view laterally convex, and medially with shallow depression at base; T1 with moderate punctures, T2 with sparser punctures, S2 punctures similar to those on T2, punctures on T3–T5 denser than T2, punctures on S3–S6 and T6 smaller and denser than S2, punctures on metasoma smaller and sparser than those on mesosoma.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from two Latin words: sparsus (= sparse) and punctus (= puncture), referring to the sparse puncture of the metasoma.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFBAFF88FF566DE766CFFAA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFB8FF96FF566D8B6652FC74.text	03F187C9FFB8FF96FF566D8B6652FC74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona triangula Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Malayepipona triangula Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 60–67)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Yunnan Province, Baoshan City, Tengchong County, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.689&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.435" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.689/lat 25.435)">Jietou Township</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.689&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.435" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.689/lat 25.435)">Baiguo Village</a>, 25.435°N, 98.689°E, 1775 m, 19.VII.2011, Xin Zhou (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is easily distinguished from all other species of Malayepipona by the following character combination: clypeus with triangular emargination medially and yellow at base (Fig. 61); metasomal segments strongly dull (Fig. 66), S2 laterally convex and mediallyconcave at basal half (Fig. 67).</p> <p>Description. Female (Fig. 60). Body length 9.8 mm, forewing length 10.0 mm. Body covered with short, silver setae except lower part of propodeum with dense, long silver setae; black, with the following parts orange–yellow: clypeus basally, narrow band along inner eye margin extending from bottom of frons to lower ocular sinus, interantennal spot, one small spot on gena, pronotum dorsally, parategula, scutellum, metanotum, posterodorsal spot of mesopleuron, apical bands on T1–T2, lateral apical bands on S2; tegula dark; wings brown, marginal cell of fore wing with an apical dark spot.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.1 times as wide as long (Fig. 61); vertex with two small cephalic foveae, bearing dense pubescence, distance between foveae about 0.6 times as long as distance between posterior ocelli (Fig. 62); distance from posterior ocellus to apical margin of the vertex about 1.7 times of the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex and gena with coarse, dense punctures (Fig. 62); punctures on frons coarser than vertex and gena, interspaces slightly reticulate (Fig. 61); gena slightly narrower than eye; occipital carina complete along gena; in frontal view, distance between inner eye margins at vertex about 1.3 times that at clypeus; clypeus (Fig. 61) with sparse punctures, about 1.1 times as wide as long, in lateral view slightly convex at basal half; apical margin triangularly emarginated medially, laterally forming a sharp tooth; clypeal width: emargination width = 1.20: 0.36; mandible with four teeth, the second and the third with inner side slightly produced to form round edges, the outer one pointed apically (Fig. 61); A1 about 3.4 times as long as its maximum width, curved; A3 about 1.5 times longer than wide, A4–A11 wider than long, A12 bullet–shaped, about 1.2 times as long as its basal width.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 65); pronotum coarsely, densely punctate and strongly reticulate, punctures coarser and larger than punctures on vertex and gena, pronotal carina raised and complete; mesoscutum weakly convex, about 1.1 times as long as wide; punctures on mesoscutum slightly larger than pronotum; scutellum weakly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, medially with shallow longitudinal furrow (Fig. 65), punctures on scutellum smaller and sparser than mesoscutum; metanotum weakly convex, sloping down to apical margin, metanotum punctures smaller than mesoscutum; mesepisternum with dense, large, flat–bottomed punctures, similar to those on pronotum posterodorsally; metapleuron dorsally with same punctures and long striae, ventrally with sparse shallow punctures (Fig. 64); propodeum (Figs 63–65) dorsally with coarse, dense, flat-bottomed punctures, strongly carinate and reticulate, medially excavated roundly and the basal fovea about 0.4 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to the apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by a sharp edge; posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate, lateral surface coarse, punctures much shallower and mixed with striae, posterior surface densely and thinly striae mixed with minute punctures, and with shallow flask-shaped depression along propodeal carina.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 66) about 2.0 times as wide as long, narrower than T2, and basally truncate and weakly raised edge; anterior vertical surface weakly convex, with sparse punctures; T2 (Fig. 66) with thin apical lamella, about 1.1 times as wide as long; S2 (Fig. 67) in lateral view strongly convex from base to apical margin, in frontal view laterally slightly convex and medially with concave at base; metasomal segments strongly dull, T1 laterally with dense punctures, interspaces slightly reticulate, T2 with sparse punctures, S2 punctures similar to those on T2, punctures on T3–T5 denser and smaller than on T2, S3–S6 punctures sparse than T5, T6 punctures sparser than S6.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Yunnan).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from two Latin words: tri– and angulus, referring to the triangular apical emargination of the clypeus.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFB8FF96FF566D8B6652FC74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFA6FF96FF566C3A67EEF86F.text	03F187C9FFA6FF96FF566C3A67EEF86F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Malayepipona clypeata Nguyen & Carpenter 2012	<div><p>Malayepipona clypeata Nguyen &amp; Carpenter, 2012</p> <p>(Figs 68–76)</p> <p>Material examined. 1♀, China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Xingan County, Jinshi Township, 6.VII.2006 (CNU); 1♀, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Laibin City, Jinxiu County, Dayao Mountain, 20.VII.2015, Yuting Hong (CNU); 2♀, Guizhou Province, Qiannan Prefecture, Maolan Nature Reserve, Dongdai Village, 21. VI.2015, Tingjing Li (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Female (Fig. 68). Body length about 12.1–13.2 mm; forewing length about 11.5–12.5 mm; body covered with short, ferruginous setae except lower part of propodeum with dense long silver setae; black, with the following parts orange-yellow: two large spots on upper lateral corners and two small spots at apex of clypeus (some specimens without apical small spots), interantennal spot, narrow band along inner eye margin extending from bottom of frons to nearly ocular sinus, scape ventrally, narrow apical band of T1, narrow apical band of T2 (some specimens without apical band of T2), spots on inner side of fore tibia, upper part of middle and hind femora; mandible mostly and anterior thin band of pronotum medially dark ferruginous; wings dark brown, strongly infuscate, with purple reflective, causing a dark spot at apex of marginal cell of forewing inconspicous (Fig. 68); head and mesosoma with very coarse punctures, interspaces strongly carinate and reticulate (Figs 68–74); clypeus apically forming a pair of sharp tooth (Fig. 69); pronotal carina slightly produced at humeral angles (Fig. 74); vertex with two small cephalic foveae, bearing dense pubescence, foveae almost as big as nearby punctures and unobvious, and behind foveae somewhat smooth and shiny; scutellum with shallow longitudinal furrow medially (Fig. 74); propodeum (Figs 71–72, 74) dorsally and laterally with deep, coarse, flat-bottomed punctures, interspaces strongly carinate and reticulate (the specimen from Guangxi dorsally smooth and just with several punctures (Fig. 73)), and upper part of propodeum forming a pair of relatively blunt teeth behind metanotum; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by a sharp edge; posterior and lateral surface connected by sharply angulate; T1 (Fig. 75) basally truncate and with raised edge and transverse carina), T2 without apical lamella; S2 (Fig. 76) in lateral view slightly convex to apical margin, in frontal view concave at base.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China (new record: Guangxi, Guizhou), Vietnam.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFA6FF96FF566C3A67EEF86F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFA7FF94FF566F1F6651FED9.text	03F187C9FFA7FF94FF566F1F6651FED9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, 2012: 1048	<div><p>Genus Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, 2012</p> <p>Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, 2012: 1048, genus.</p> <p>Type species Megaodynerus maximus Gusenleitner, 2012, by original designation.</p> <p>Diagnosis. This genus is related to the genus Symmorphus, sharing with it the following characters: elongate body and dorsal surface of T1 with a longitudinal furrow on the horizontal area. It can be separated from the related genus by the following character combination: larger body (known species are more than 16 mm), clypeus (Fig. 78) broad, and convex at basal half, apical margin slightly emarginated, T1 (Fig. 83) basally without a transverse raised carina, and broad part of S1 with strong horizontal striae (Fig. 84).</p> <p>Distribution. Oriental Region.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFA7FF94FF566F1F6651FED9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFA4FF94FF56699B61EEFDFB.text	03F187C9FFA4FF94FF56699B61EEFDFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, 2012: 1048	<div><p>Key to all known species of the genus Megaodynerus</p> <p>1. Clypeus slightly wider than long (about 1.1 times) with basal half yellow (Fig. 78); T1, excluding yellow area, coarsely punctate and strongly reticulate (Fig. 83); T2 with two large lateral spots connecting apical band (Fig. 83)......................................................................................... M. bimaculus Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. nov.</p> <p>- Clypeus much wider than long (1.4 times), wholly black (fig. 8 in Gusenleitner, 2012); basal half of T1 coarsely punctate and somewhat reticulate (fig. 9 in Gusenleitner, 2012); T2 without lateral spots................ M. maximus Gusenleitner, 2012</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFA4FF94FF56699B61EEFDFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
03F187C9FFA4FF92FF566ABD65BAFEFC.text	03F187C9FFA4FF92FF566ABD65BAFEFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Megaodynerus bimaculus Bai, Chen & Li 2021	<div><p>Megaodynerus bimaculus Bai, Chen &amp; Li, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 77–84)</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Hunan Province, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.711&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.289" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.711/lat 27.289)">Hengshan Mountain</a>, 27.289°N, 112.711°E, 1023 m, VII.1985, the collector is unspecified (CNU).</p> <p>Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from the known species Megaodynerus maximus Gusenleitner, 2012 by the following character combination: clypeus slightly wider than long (about 1.1 times) with its basal half yellow (Fig. 78), punctures on basal part of T1 much coarser and obviously reticulate, and T2 apically with two lateral spots (Fig. 83).</p> <p>Description. Female (Fig. 77). Body length 16.2 mm, forewing length 14.5 mm; forns with not very thick brown hair, about a length which corresponds to the diameter of an ocelli; mesosoma covered with strongly short and thick, uniform in length, brown setae except mesopleuron and propodeum lateral surfaces with longer and light setae, abdomen with microscopic pubescence; black, with the following parts yellow: basal half of clypeus, antenna ventrally except A4–A12, interantennal spot, small spots on gena, anterior spots on the pronotum medially, posterior apex of tegula, fore femur and tibia ventrally, a wide apical band of T1 widening inwards and medially with a narrow gap, and a wide apical band and two lateral spots of T2 (apical band of T2 brownish yellow); wings brown, purple reflective.</p> <p>Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.1 times as wide as long (Fig. 78); vertex (Fig. 79) with two big connecting cephalic foveae, close to each other, bearing dense pubescence, area surrounding foveae obviously depressed; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital carina nearly twice the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex with moderate punctures; gena with sparse punctures; frons with coarse punctures and interspaces slightly reticulate; occipital carina complete along gena and developed almost like a lamella laterally; clypeus (Fig. 78) moderately convex, with sparse and small punctures, interspaces microscopically streaked at apex, about 1.1 times as wide as long, apical margin slightly emarginated; clypeal width: apical width = 1.83: 0.66, apical width longer than interantennal distance; mandible with four prominent teeth.</p> <p>Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 81); pronotum with sparse punctures and sparser than vertex; pronotal carina strongly raised and complete; tegula with minute punctures; mesoscutum weakly convex, about 1.1 times as long as wide, posterior apex with two deep longitudinal furrows (Fig. 81), basally with dense punctures and apically with slightly sparser punctures; scutellum weakly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, medially with a shallow longitudinal furrow, basally with sparse punctures and apically with dense punctures; metanotum convex, slightly higher than scutellum, and sloping down to apical margin, medially with a wide longitudinal furrow, metanotum with coarser, denser punctures, basally strongly carinate and reticulate (Figs 81–82); mesopleuron dorsally with moderate punctures mixed with oblique striae, and ventrally with denser punctures, coarser and larger than pronotum; metapleuron with finely striae extending to whole lower side of lateral surface of propodeum(Fig. 80), upper side of lateral surface similar to its dorsal surface; propodeum (Figs 80–82) dorsally with large and coarse flat–bottomed punctures, strongly carinate and reticulate, medially excavated and the basal fovea about 0.3 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by reticulate car; posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate, posterior surface concave and coriaceous, densely with fine punctures and oblique striae, propodeal carina widened at apical margin.</p> <p>Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 83) slightly wider than long (1.3 times); T2 (Fig. 83) about 1.1 times as wide as long; T1 with extremely large, dense and deep punctures, strongly carinate and reticulate, at the transition from the horizontal surface to the anterior vertical surface and on the sides, with longitudinal furrow on the horizontal surface medially; T2 with thin apical lamella, T2 with small and sparse punctures; S2 (Fig. 84) strongly concave at base, and with sparse and small punctures sparser and smaller than T2; T3 with barely apical lamella, T3–T6 punctures denser and coarser than T2; S1 basally with slight striae, the broad end part with a strong horizontal striae; S3–S4 surface coarse, punctures on S3–S4 denser than S2, S5–S6 surface coarse, with extremely small punctures.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. China (Hunan).</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from two Latin words: bi- (=two) and macula (= spot), referring to the two lateral spots on T2.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187C9FFA4FF92FF566ABD65BAFEFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bai, Yue;Chen, Bin;Li, Ting-Jing	Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin, Li, Ting-Jing (2021): Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae). Zootaxa 5060 (3): 371-391, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4
