taxonID	type	description	language	source
775487E2C20E2C0DFD4AFE09E8FFFBA9.taxon	description	TAXONOMIC NOTES: This species may actually be comprised of as many as eight species (Dandelot, 1971). PELAGE NOTES: All of the P. badius subspecies in this collection have a dark brown or black band across the brow extending to the ears. They are similar in body size and can be easily distinguished by their respective pelage colors which have variable amounts of black, brown, and red. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: The seven subspecies of P. badius in this collection are representative of populations in north­central Liberia, western Ivory Coast, western DRC, northeastern DRC (the majority of the specimens was from this region), Uganda, and Tana River, Kenya. As noted for the subgenus Piliocolobus, the actual range of these monkeys extends across the African continent.	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
775487E2C20E2C0FFD4AFBC9E819F9DF.taxon	description	PELAGE NOTES: Two rich colors are seen in this subspecies — black and maroon. Neither color lessens in intensity throughout the coat, as is often seen in the varying shades of brown observed in the pelages of other subspecies. Black head, maroon cheeks. Nape black with maroon shoulders. Back and rump black. Sides maroon. Upper arms black, lower arms and hands maroon. Thighs black, legs and feet maroon. Tail black from base to tip. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: Liberia to Ivory Coast. The range of the subspecies is from Sierra Leone, eastern Guinea, to western Ivory Coast. Eastern limit of their range is thought to be the Bandama River (Dandelot, 1971; Groves, 2001). SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 14. Procolobus (Piliocolobus) badius bouvieri (Rochebrune, 1886 – 1887) TAXONOMIC NOTES: This subspecies was considered by Dandelot (1971), Delson et al. (1982), and Groves (2001) to be a subspecies of pennantii. PELAGE NOTES: The skin specimen in the collection is not in good condition. The head, feet, and hands are missing. The shoulders are cream­colored, the midline of the back is dark red to brown. The rest of the pelage is bright red to orange. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: The collectors of this specimen noted the location as Ouesso, Congo; the skin is more than likely a trade skin, so the exact locality cannot be determined. The distribution of the subspecies is northern Congo (Brazzaville). Rahm (1970) noted the distribution as including the Rivers Sangha and Likouala. Dandelot (1971) stated that the distribution may also include the confluence of the Congo and Oubangui Rivers. SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 15. Procolobus (Piliocolobus) badius ellioti (Dollman, 1909) TAXONOMIC NOTES: Three specimens collected by Lang and Chapin were classed as a new species, Colobus langi by Allen (1925). This name was later considered a synonym of ellioti. However, as mentioned previously, it is now thought that the species ellioti may actually be comprised of a number of distinct species and hybrids (Colyn, 1991). In fact, a comparison of Allen’s langi specimens to the one considered by him to be C. ellioti (52286) may support this proposition. All five specimens in the collection are from the northeast of DRC. The collection localities on the Lang and Chapin map appear to be separated by rivers, although it is difficult to conclude from the map if real geographic boundaries exist. For the purposes of this catalog, all of the specimens are tentatively included in P. b. ellioti. Two distinct phenotypes can be seen in the collection. The two morphological characters used by Allen (1925) to distinguish the C. ellioti and C. langi specimens were body size (C. langi being smaller) and the abrupt transition in color observed on the back of C. langi. That transition can be seen in specimens 52290, 52291, 52292, and 119607. However, the latter is larger in body size than the first three specimens. The abrupt color transition is not evident in specimen 52286. It remains to be seen how the taxonomy of this group will be resolved. Dandelot (1971) considered ellioti to be a potential species, while Delson et al. (1982) considered it a subspecies of pennantii. Groves (2001) included ellioti as a subspecies of foai. PELAGE NOTES: Group 1: Specimen 52286. Auburn head and cheeks. Nape speckled lightly with black. Shoulders light auburn. Upper back deep auburn­brown, grading to brown at sides of mid­back and rump. No abrupt transition in back coloration. Sides brown, underparts cream. Forelimbs auburn, hands reddish­brown. Hind limbs light brown from thigh to foot, feet darker brown. Tail brown. Group 2: Specimen 119607. Auburn head and cheeks. Nape, shoulders, top of back rich auburn. Abrupt transition to dark brown at mid­back, grading into lighter brown at rump. Forelimbs and hands auburn. Hind limbs brown from thighs to feet, feet darker brown. Tail dark brown to tip. Specimens 52290, 52291, and 52292 are similar in coloration but are considerably smaller in size than specimen 119607. The major difference in coloration between these two groups is the transition between auburn and brown on the back. It is an obvious and distinguishing feature of the latter group. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: All specimens of P. b. ellioti in this collection were collected from northeastern DRC. Procolobus b. ellioti is found in eastern DRC, the Ituri forest, and at least as far south as Lake Edward (Dandelot, 1971). SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 16. Procolobus (Piliocolobus) badius oustaleti (Trouessart, 1906) TAXONOMIC NOTES: Lang and Chapin collected all but one of these specimens. In his notes on this collection, Allen (1925) divided the specimens into two subspecies — Colobus powelli powelli and Colobus powelli brunneus. The main reason behind this separation was the variation in color. The specimens from the forest galleries of the savannah country were considered much paler and duller in tone (C. p. brunneus) than the more richly colored specimens from the rainforests (C. p. powelli). The author did however remark on the ‘‘ extremely wide range of color variation’ ’ within the entire group. Almost every description of pelage in terms of sex, age, and locality has to be qualified by numerous exceptions. Both names (powelli and brunneus) were later considered synonyms of oustaleti. This subspecies itself is also considered to be a subspecies of rufomitratus (Dandelot, 1971), pennantii (Delson et al., 1982), or foai (Groves, 2001). PELAGE NOTES: Considerable variation in pelage color is seen in the skins of this group. The amount of red in the pelage varies from its complete absence to auburn­infused brown. The following description is general. Head usually dark brown, lighter brown cheeks. Nape of neck dark brown, shoulders brown. Back coloration grades from dark brown to lighter at rump. Sides medium brown to reddish brown. Underparts light colored. Forelimbs brown, tinged with red, cream underneath. Hands and feet dark brown or black. Hind limbs medium brown to reddish brown. Tail dark brown. The overall impression of coat color in this group is one of nondescript, dull brown tones. The near absence of red coloration distinguishes the group from other subspecies. There is little evidence of color transition or of the rich hues seen in the other subspecies in this collection. There are three specimens of infant skins in the P. b. oustaleti collection. Two of the specimens (52274 and 52328) have no red coloration and are duller in tone than the adult skins. The third infant pelage (52318) has some red coloration appearing on the head. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: Most of the specimens collected are from northeast DRC, in the vicinity of Faradje. The range of this subspecies extends from eastern Congo (Brazzaville) across DRC and as far east as Lake Albert and the Ituri River (Dandelot, 1971). SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 17.	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
775487E2C20C2C0FFF8AF9E0EE59FCE4.taxon	discussion	TAXONOMIC NOTES: Many authors have considered rufomitratus a valid species, including Dandelot (1971), Delson et al. (1982), and Groves (1993, 2001). PELAGE NOTES: Head capped with russet, light brown cheeks. Nape dark brown, shoulders light brown to creamy white. Back grades from dark to medium to light brown at rump. Sides light brown grading to creamy­white underparts. Forelimbs and hind limbs very light brown, almost creamy. Hands and feet light brown. Tail medium brown, darker at tip. The distinguishing characteristic here is the prominent red cap. The rest of the coat is brown, similar in tone to the brown of P. b. oustaleti.	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
775487E2C20C2C0FFF8AF9E0EE59FCE4.taxon	materials_examined	RANGE OF SPECIMENS: Specimens were collected from the mouth of the Tana River, Kenya. Range of the subspecies is restricted to Tana River gallery forests from Garsen north nearly to Wenje (Groves, 2001).	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
775487E2C20C2C0FFF8AF9E0EE59FCE4.taxon	discussion	SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 18.	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
775487E2C20C2C08FD4AFC93EBB7FCE8.taxon	discussion	TAXONOMIC NOTES: Dandelot (1971) considered tephrosceles to be a subspecies of rufomitratus, while Delson et al. (1982) included it as a subspecies of pennantii. Groves (2001) considered it a good species.	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
775487E2C20C2C08FD4AFC93EBB7FCE8.taxon	description	PELAGE NOTES: There are no skins in the collection to represent these specimens. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: All the specimens are from the Kibale Forest, western Uganda. The range of the subspecies extends from western Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and northwestern Tanzania (Dandelot, 1971; Groves, 2001). SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 19. Procolobus (Piliocolobus) badius tholloni (Milne­Edwards, 1886) TAXONOMIC NOTES: Dandelot (1971) considered tholloni to be a valid species, while it was considered to be a subspecies of pennantii by Delson et al. (1982). Groves (2001) regarded it as a good species. PELAGE NOTES: Rich auburn head, cheeks a lighter auburn. Nape red, speckled with black. Shoulders orange­red. Top half of back black to dark brown. Rest of back and sides rich auburn. All limbs rich auburn to wrists and ankles. Wrists, ankles, hands, and feet all black. Underparts creamy, infused with auburn. Tail deep auburn grading to redbrown at tip. This subspecies is distinctly red in color. The red tail and the abrupt transition of red to black at the wrists and ankles are distinguishing features in the specimens in the AMNH collection. No other group in the collection has as much red in its pelage. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: Western DRC, just south of the River Congo, on the border with Congo. Dandelot (1971) noted that this subspecies is found south of the Congo River; the southern limit may be the Rivers Kasai and Sankuru. Groves (2001) recorded the eastern limit as the River Lomami. SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 20. GENUS PROCOLOBUS, SUBGENUS PROCOLOBUS ROCHEBRUNE, 1886 – 1887	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
775487E2C20B2C08FF82FC9BE801FB4B.taxon	description	TAXONOMIC NOTES: The subgenus Procolobus contains only one species, Procolobus verus, the olive colobus. PELAGE NOTES: Coat has short hair and is a dull reddish olive color. Limbs and tail are olive. There is a longitudinal crest on the crown. RANGE OF SPECIMENS: Liberia. The range extends from Sierra Leone to eastern Nigeria (Dandelot, 1971; Oates et al., 1994). SPECIMENS: Appendix 1, no. 21.	en	O'LEARY, RUTH (2003): An Annotated Catalog of the African Primate Genera Colobus and Procolobus (Cercopithecidae: Colobinae) in the Collections of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum Novitates 3399 (1): 1-26, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2003)399<0001:AACOTA>2.0.CO;2, URL: http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&doi=10.1206%2F0003-0082(2003)399%3C0001%3AAACOTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2
