taxonID	type	description	language	source
76347A5BD7B252EC8DAC626BE922994D.taxon	description	Figs 2 - 9, 14 B, 15, 18, 21 - 25	en	Wanke, Dominic, Krogmann, Lars, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi, Rajaei, Hossein (2021): Systematics of Problepsis wiltshirei (Prout, 1938), comb. nov. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Sterrhinae) - an endemic species to the Zagros Mountains in the Middle East. Nota Lepidopterologica 44: 175-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345
76347A5BD7B252EC8DAC626BE922994D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 2 ♀, Iran, Esfahan, Gandoman S, Gerdeish-e, 200 m, 12. / 13. vi. 2002, leg. J. - U. Meineke, A. Hofmann, Kallies et al., g. preps 0759, 0760 / 2020 D. Wanke; 1 ♀, Iran, Khuzestan [now Kohgiluyeh va Boyerahmad], Yassoudj [Yasuj], Sisakht, 2250 m, 13. vi. 1972, leg. Ebert, Pazouki; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same data, 13. - 14. vi. 1972, leg. Ebert & Falkner, g. prep. (♂) 0762 / 2020 D. Wanke; 2 ♂, same data, Sisakht 50 km NW, 15. - 18. vi. 1975, leg. Ebert, Falkner, g. prep. 0761 / 2020 D. Wanke; 1 ♂, same data, 15 km SE Yassudj [Yasuj], 2050 m, 15. vi. 1972, leg. Ebert & Falkner, g. prep. 0907 / 2020 D. Wanke; 1 ♂, S-Iran, Prov. Fars, Tange Surkh, 50 km NW Ardekan, 2250 m NN, 12. - 15. vi. 1975, leg. Ebert, Falkner; 2 ♂, S-Iran, Fars, Daschte Ardjan, Kotal-Pirehsan, 2000 m, 18. vi. 1972, leg. Ebert & Falkner; 1 ♀, S-Iran, Miyan-Kotal, oestl. Kazerun, 51 ° 40 ' E, 29 ° 30 ' N, 1900 m, 4. - 7. vi. 1969, leg. G. Ebert; 1 ♀, S-Iran, Fars, Kaserun, Mian-Kotal, 1900 m, 11. vi. 1972, leg. Ebert & Falkner; all in SMNK. 1 ♀, Iran, Kohkiluye va Boyerahmad, Yasuj, Sisakht, Dena, 2799 m, 30 ° 57 ' 23.6 " N, 51 ° 23 ' 28.9 " E, 30. vii. 2016, leg. Sh. Feizpour, g. prep. 0712 / 2020 D. Wanke; in SMNS. 1 ♂ / ♀, Iran, Khuzestan, Emamzadeh, Abdollah-low altitude; Saite 4 b, 31 ° 22 ' 24 " N, 50 ° 7 ' 51 " E, 1408 m, 23. ix. 2018, Trap 1, leg. Mohammad Ahmadi; 1 ♂ / ♀, Iran, Khuzestan, Emamzadeh, Abdollah-high altitude; Saite 4 a, 31 ° 23 ' 10 " N, 50 ° 9 ' 29 " E, 2120 m, 13. vii. 2018, Trap 2, leg. Mohammad Ahmadi; 1 ♂ / ♀, Iran, Prov. Khuzestan, Mal aqa, 1100 m, 31 ° 35 ' 57 " N, 50 ° 00 ' 50 " E, 30. vii. 2011, leg. Mehdi Esfandiari; 1 ♂ / ♀, Iran, Prov. Fars, Bolhayat & Kotal-e-Pirzan, 2000 m, 29 ° 36 ' 48 " N, 51 ° 56 ' 28 " E, 2. & 9. vi. 2011, leg. Mehdi Esfandiari; 1 ♂ / ♀, Iran, Prov. Fars, Kohmare Sorkhi, 1900 m, 29 ° 28 ' 11 " N, 52 ° 08 ' 44 " E, 28. iv. 2011, leg. Mehdi Esfandiari; all in IMCA. 1 ♀, Tuerkei [Turkey], prov. Hakkari, Cigil Suyu-Tal [Zap-Tal], 22 km SW Hakkari, 28. vi. 1984, LF, leg. Werner Wolf; in PCWW. 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Iran, Fars, Strasse Ardekan-Talochosroe [Tall Khosrow, today in prov. Kohgiluyeh und Boyer Ahmad], Come [Komehr], 7. viii. 1937, 2600 m, coll. Brandt; in ZFMK. 1 ♂, Iran, Fars, Strasse Ardekan-Talochosroe [Tall Khosrow, today in prov. Kohgiluyeh und Boyer Ahmad], Comee [Komehr], 2600 m, viii. 1937, coll. Brandt, ZSM g. prep. No. 1602; in ZSM.	en	Wanke, Dominic, Krogmann, Lars, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi, Rajaei, Hossein (2021): Systematics of Problepsis wiltshirei (Prout, 1938), comb. nov. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Sterrhinae) - an endemic species to the Zagros Mountains in the Middle East. Nota Lepidopterologica 44: 175-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345
76347A5BD7B252EC8DAC626BE922994D.taxon	description	Re-description. Wings and body (Figs 2 - 9). Wingspan ♂ 24 - 28 mm, ♀ 29 - 32 mm; females slightly larger than males. The proboscis well developed. The length of the labial palpi about equal to the diameter of the eye. Frons, thorax and abdomen concolorous with the wings. Chaetosemata arranged as two patches. Antennae ciliate-fasciculate in males and filiform in females (Figs 2, 3). Male hind tibia with reduced tarsal segments; flattened laterally; longitudinally spoon-shaped; with hair pencil. Hair pencil consisting of two types of differently modified scales as illustrated for P. cinerea by Feizpour et al. (2018). One type of scales apically flattened, while the other scales are tubular and hollow (Figs 4, 5). Ground colour of wings beige, intermixed with some slightly darker ochreous or brown scales; basal areas slightly lighter beige. Fore- and hindwing with a small, light yellowish ocellus, bordered with a thin dark outer line. Discal spots sometimes not visible; more pronounced in the forewings (Figs 6 - 9). Venation (Fig. 14 B). Two areoles present in forewing. Veins R 1, the common stalk of R 2 - 4 and R 5 arising from the second areole. In hindwing Sc + R 1 slightly curved in basal area, approximating to the cell in the postbasal area; A 1 + 2 originating separately; A 3 absent. Male genitalia (Fig. 15). Uncus absent. Socii strongly developed fused at apex. Internal margin of tegumen smooth. Valva with two curved arms (dorsal and ventral arm of valva), both slerotized, narrow and long, apically pointed (Fig. 15 a, d). Aedeagus strongly sclerotized, slender, tapering towards the apex; its basal part dorso-ventrally flattened; vesica without cornuti (Fig. 15 b). Sternum A 8: anterior margin with two indentations; lateroanteriorly on both sides pointed. Lateral sides towards posterior part concave; posterior margin curved. Cerata located in posterior half of sternum A 8, directed towards centre (Fig. 15 c). Female genitalia (Fig. 18). Papillae anales short and broad. Apophyses anteriores 2 / 3 length of apophyses posteriores. Antrum strongly sclerotized. Lamella antevaginalis strongly sclerotized; basal part broad, laterally extended; posteriorly curved, folded, tapered to lateral side. Ductus bursae short, strongly sclerotized. Corpus bursae membranous; signum present as a sclerotized, narrow and dentate ridge.	en	Wanke, Dominic, Krogmann, Lars, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi, Rajaei, Hossein (2021): Systematics of Problepsis wiltshirei (Prout, 1938), comb. nov. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Sterrhinae) - an endemic species to the Zagros Mountains in the Middle East. Nota Lepidopterologica 44: 175-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345
76347A5BD7B252EC8DAC626BE922994D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. P. wiltshirei cannot be confused with any other Problepsis or Somatina species within this region. In Iran only Problepsis cinerea is known from South Iran and it does not occur within the range of P. wiltshirei comb. nov. Additionally, it cannot be confused with this species, as it differs strongly by wing pattern (see Figs 6 - 10) and by genitalia (Figs 16, 19). Somatina pythiaria nigrimacula Hausmann, 2009; a species distributed in Oman has been shown differing by a greyer suffusion on wing pattern, the different structure of the sternum A 8 and molecular data (Hausmann 2009).	en	Wanke, Dominic, Krogmann, Lars, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi, Rajaei, Hossein (2021): Systematics of Problepsis wiltshirei (Prout, 1938), comb. nov. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Sterrhinae) - an endemic species to the Zagros Mountains in the Middle East. Nota Lepidopterologica 44: 175-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345
76347A5BD7B252EC8DAC626BE922994D.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Larva described by Wiltshire (1943) as grayish, intermixed with a complex pattern of grey dots and marks. Pale grey dorsal and ventral lines, the latter rather whitish on somites 4 - 8. Pupal period lasting 8 to 15 days. The cocoon is woven between leaves and litter (Wiltshire 1943). Wiltshire (1943) noted Fraxinus sp. (Oleaceae) and Acer sp. (Sapindaceae) as food plants for P. wiltshirei. As Problepsis species have been observed feeding on Oleaceae species (Robinson et al. 2002; Stadie and Stadie 2016) Acer sp. is an exceptional food plant, which needs confirmation.	en	Wanke, Dominic, Krogmann, Lars, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi, Rajaei, Hossein (2021): Systematics of Problepsis wiltshirei (Prout, 1938), comb. nov. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Sterrhinae) - an endemic species to the Zagros Mountains in the Middle East. Nota Lepidopterologica 44: 175-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345
76347A5BD7B252EC8DAC626BE922994D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. So far recorded in the Zagros Mountains, from northern Iraq (Kurdistan) into south-western Iran (Kohgiluyeh-va-Boyer-Ahmad and across the border to the provinces, Khuzestan, Esfahan and Fars) (Fig. 25). Additionally, here we record this species for the first time for the fauna of Turkey (see examined material). The large gap between the populations in northern Iraq, Turkey and central Zagros in Iran is possibly caused by insufficient sampling in these areas.	en	Wanke, Dominic, Krogmann, Lars, Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Sihvonen, Pasi, Rajaei, Hossein (2021): Systematics of Problepsis wiltshirei (Prout, 1938), comb. nov. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Sterrhinae) - an endemic species to the Zagros Mountains in the Middle East. Nota Lepidopterologica 44: 175-192, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.44.67345
