taxonID	type	description	language	source
A22A39604F7CFFBD39CC3C457BF3F9CE.taxon	description	The high morphological variability described by Gurney (1939) for Xestoblatta, regarding the tergal modification on the abdominal segments and the branches of ulnar vein, does not correspond to intrageneric variability. Rather, such variability resulted from the indiscriminate use of traits from three unrelated lineages. From the morphological variability described above we identified three different morphological groups. These morphological groups also correspond to the three unrelated Xestoblatta lineages retrieved in our phylogeny. Our morphological analysis show that different lineages of Blattellidae can be differentiated by the type of tergal modification in the abdomen in males. Brossut & Roth (1977) had already suggested the usefulness of this trait in cockroach taxonomy. Species of the three Xestoblatta lineages can be easily differentiated by the location on abdominal segments I, II, III or VII and by the shape of the tergal modification. On the other hand, assigning females to each lineage continues to be a challenge based only on external morphological characters, and more so in groups morphologically homogeneous as these. Tentatively, body length helps to differentiate females of lineages 2 and 3, being smaller in the latter (less than 19 mm). Rehn (1951) considered wing venation a useful trait to discriminate groups of species in cockroaches. Similarly, Gurney (1939) based on this trait recognized two groups of Xestoblatta species, species with ulnar vein of the hind wings with up to nine branches and species with ulnar vein with more than nine branches. Our analysis showed that despite the high variability of this trait among all the reviewed species, even the intraspecific variation, two groups of species are recognized in agreement with Gurney (1939): species of lineages 1 and 2 with ulnar vein with at least eight branches while species of lineage 3 with ulnar vein with maximum of six branches. According to this, only lineage 3 can be differentiated using this trait from the other two lineages. It is still necessary to add more species in each Xestoblatta lineage to determine the potential taxonomic use of this trait, which appears to be homoplastic. Male genitalia in cockroaches are structurally complex and, as in many other insects, are highly divergent between species (Klass 1997). The process “ via ” and the sclerite R have the highest interspecific variability. The first character has unique shapes in each species and apparently there are not morphological patterns. In contrast, the sclerite R shows distinct patterns that allows differentiating the three Xestoblatta lineages. For instance, the subregions R 1 v and R 2 i and the region R 3 tend to be similar in shape and / or complexity within lineage. However, morphometric studies are necessary to quantify the variation in the shapes of these genital structures and thus corroborate these the morphological patterns.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F7BFFBB39CC3E957DBFFEFE.taxon	description	(Figs 3 A – H) Type species. Xestoblatta immaculata Hebard 1920, 4: 7.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F7BFFBB39CC3E957DBFFEFE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Adults of Antroxestoblatta gen. n. can be distinguished by the presence of the following combination of characters: divergent inner ocular margins. Tergal modification on the abdominal segment I. This as two central pits separated by a septum and with a patch of dense and long bristles into each pit. Hind wings no pigmented and ulnar vein from 8 to 10 total branches. Male genitalia with subregion R 1 v of the sclerite R 1 extending anteriorly almost up to R 1 t. Subregion R 2 i without projections in comparison to Sinatablatta gen. n. and Xestoblatta (sensu stricto). Region R 4 as an elongated plate. The species can be differentiated from similar species of genera Sinatablatta gen. n. and Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) by the location of the tergal modification. In these last genera the tergal modification is on the abdominal segment VII. Although Sinatablatta gen. n has an tergal modification on the abdominal segment I, it is different, as a whitish central area.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F7BFFBB39CC3E957DBFFEFE.taxon	description	Description. Species of medium size (20 – 21 mm ♂, 19 – 22 mm ♀) with body and legs pale orange. Head uniformly colored and antennae entirely brown. Pronotum and tegmina glossy in appearance and pale orange (Fig. 3 A). Head triangular with big reniform eyes not globose. Eyes extending postero-laterally beyond the antennal sockets. Divergent inner ocular margins, closer to each other in the ocellar fenestra area than in the vertex. Globose face. Face and gena with short sparse bristles. Antennae filiform with short setae along their length, first flagellar segment of the same length that the pedicel. Pronotum parabolic with anterior margin convex and posterior margin obtuse-angulate produced, lateral margins weakly angulated. The two pairs of wings surpassing the cerci apexes. Fore wings with base of the remigium narrower than base of vanal region, with discoidal sector longitudinal and rounded apex. Hind wings no pigmented and with small intercalated triangle, ulnar vein branches vary from 8 to 10. Legs long and slender. Antero-ventral margin of front femur with a row of heavy spines which decrease gradually in size and with two terminal spines. Postero-ventral margin of front femur with four heavy spines and one terminal spine. Both margins of middle and hind femora with heavy spines of almost the same length, with genicular spine. Tarsomeres I – IV with small pulvilli. Tarsal claws simple and symmetrical, arolium present. Abdomen often convex and long. Tergal modification in the abdominal segment I as two central pits. There is a septum between the pits and a patch of dense and long bristles into of each pit (Fig. 3 B). Tergite VII with laterocaudal angles sharply angulated. Supra-anal plate semi-triangular with posterior margin slightly bilobed (Fig. 3 D). Long and thin cerci. In males, both paraprocts transverse and specialized (Fig. 3 C). Male subgenital plate slightly symmetrical. Right style short, blunt and with a basal spiniform projection directed into the plate. Apex with a crest of stout spines. Left style small and located medially on the posterior margin (Fig. 3 E). Genital sclerites. Sclerite L 2 thin and elongated. Sclerotized region L 2 a and process “ via ” merged (Fig. 3 F). Process “ via ” slender, elongate and with the distal extreme acuminate. The sclerotized region of hla-hook (sclerite L 3) with distal area narrow and elongated. In addition to the notch “ 45 ”, the hook also exhibits groove “ hge ” along of its lower margin (Fig. 3 G). Basal area of L 3 almost the same length than their apical area. Membranous tube of hla-hook bare. Genital sclerite R formed by the sclerotized regions R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 (Fig. 3 H). Region R 1 as a large and bulky structure at the right postero-lateral region of sclerite R. Regions R 1 and R 3 articulated (articulation A 3) by posterior right corner of R 3 and upper right corner of R 1 (R 1 c). Subregion R 1 v extends anteriorly reaching almost to apex of R 1 t. Subregion R 1 d not sclerotized. Subregion R 1 t merged with region R 2, forming the complex R 1 t + R 2. R 2 longer than R 1 t. Both elongated and pointed but only apex of R 2 extending beyond posterior margin of R 3. Subregion R 2 i articulated with posterior left corner of R 3. This subregion as an elongated plate and without long projections. Region R 3 as a slightly sclerotized triangle shaped plate (Fig. 3 H). Corners of posterior margin of R 3 aligned or nearly aligned, both on the same horizontal axis. Region R 4 as an elongated dorsal plate, articulated with lateral right margin of R 1.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F7BFFBB39CC3E957DBFFEFE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The generic name refers to the habitat where their species inhabit, generally in caves and hollows in trees. Antrum (latin) = hole, cave.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F7BFFBB39CC3E957DBFFEFE.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Currently, Antroxestoblatta species range from Panama to French Guiana (Fig. 1 B). Specimens of Antroxestoblatta immaculata comb. nov. and specimens of Sinatablatta gen. n. and Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) were collected in a same locality in the Magdalena river valley, Colombia. A. immaculata comb. nov. was collected within a cave inhabited by Steatornis caripensis Humboldt during the day, unlike specimens of the other two genera that were collected at night on litter or low-lying vegetation within the forest. A. cavicola comb. nov. exhibits the same lifestyle, inhabiting caves or hollows in living or dead trees (Grandcolas 1992).	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F79FFA639CC3E957C0AFDFA.taxon	description	(Figs 4 A – H) Type species. Sinatablatta magdalenensis Vélez & Daza, gen. et sp. n., herewith designated.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F79FFA639CC3E957C0AFDFA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Adults of Sinatablatta gen. n. can be distinguished by the presence of the following combination of characters: tergal modification on the abdominal segments I, II, III and VII. First three tergites centrally depigmented. In contrast, tergite VII with a fold of the cuticle that forms a deep transverse groove covering almost three quarters of its width. Hind wings pigmented and ulnar vein from 9 to 13 branches. Some branches do not reach the posterior margin of the wing. Male genitalia with subregion R 1 v extending anteriorly beyond the posterior margin of R 3 but never reaching to R 1 t. R 2 i with two projections approximately the same length. Right projection with apical area wider than the left projection. Region R 4 as a transverse plate. Its species can be differentiated from similar species of Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) by the shape of tergal modification. The species of Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) have the tergal modification on abdominal segment VII as a central oval deep pit or oval shallow depression.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F79FFA639CC3E957C0AFDFA.taxon	description	Description. Species of medium size (19 – 27 mm ♂, 17 – 27 mm ♀) with body and legs light brown to pale yellow. Head uniformly colored and antennae entirely brown. Pronotum and tegmina glossy in appearance, between chestnut and reddish brown, except the marginal field that is pale yellow (Fig. 4 A). Ventral side of middle and hind coxae with 2 – 3 irregular light black spots, while front coxa with unique spot. Head triangular with big reniform eyes not globose. Eyes extending postero-laterally beyond to the antennal sockets. Interocular distance of the same length than distance between antennal sockets. Globose face. Face and gena with short sparse bristles. Antennae filiform and with short setae along their length, first flagellar segment of the same length that the pedicel. Pronotum parabolic with anterior margin convex and posterior margin obtuse-angulate produced with broadly rounded apex to the middle. The two pairs of wings surpassing the cerci apexes. Fore wings with base of the remigium narrower than base of vanal region, with discoidal sector longitudinal and rounded apex. Hind wings with small intercalated triangle and ulnar vein vary from 9 to 13 branches in males and from 9 to 13 in females. Legs long and slender. Antero-ventral margin of front femur with a row of heavy spines which decrease gradually in size meso-distal and with two terminal spines. Postero-ventral margin of front femur with 4 - 5 heavy spines and one terminal spine. Both margins of middle and hind femora with heavy spines of almost the same length, with genicular spine. Tarsomeres I – IV with small pulvilli. Tarsal claws simple and symmetrical, arolium present. Abdomen often convex and long with tergal modification on abdominal segments I, II, III and VII (Figs 4 A, B). First three tergites centrally depigmented. In contrast, tergite VII with a fold of the cuticle that forms a deep transverse groove covering almost three quarters of its width (Fig. 4 B). Anterior margin of tergite I with a setulose transverse ridge covering almost three quarters of its width. Tergite VII with thickened lateral margins and with distolateral angles greatly produced. Abdominal segments VIII, VIX and X narrower than previous segments. Supra-anal plate trapezoidal with posterior margin bilobed (Fig. 4 D). In males, paraprocts transverse and specialized. Long and thin cerci. Male subgenital plate asymmetric, with each style different in shape and length, usually the right longer or complex in shape than left style (Fig. 4 E). Genital sclerites. Sclerite L 2 thin and elongated. Region L 2 d and the process “ via ” strongly sclerotized, both closely articulated (articulation 10). The process “ via ” V-shaped (Fig. 4 F). The sclerotized region of hla-hook (sclerite L 3) with distal area narrow and elongated. In addition to the notch “ 45 ”, the hook also exhibits groove “ hge ” along of its lower margin (Fig. 4 G). Basal area of L 3 twice the length of the apical area or even, in some species almost with the same length than the apical area. Membranous tube of the hla-hook covered by long and docile setae o bare. Sclerite L 4 as a small dorsal or lateral slightly sclerotized plate articulated with the apex of left projection of R 2 i. Only X. hoplites without L 4. Sclerite R formed by the sclerotized regions R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 (Fig. 4 H). Region R 1 as a large and bulky structure at the right postero-lateral region of sclerite R. Regions R 1 and R 3 articulated (articulation A 3) by lower right corner of R 3 and upper right corner of R 1 (R 1 c). Subregion R 1 v extends anteriorly beyond the posterior margin of R 3 but never reaching to R 1 t. Subregion R 1 d only sclerotized near their posterior margin. Subregion R 1 t merged with region R 2, forming the complex R 1 t + R 2. R 2 longer than R 1 t. Only apex of R 2 extending beyond posterior margin of R 3. Subregion R 2 i articulates with lower left corner of R 3. R 2 i with two projections the approximately same length. Right projection with apical area wider than the left projection. Region R 3 as a slightly sclerotized triangle shaped plate. Corners of posterior margin of R 3 nearly aligned, both on the same horizontal axis or on close horizontal axes (Fig. 4 H). Region R 4 as a strongly sclerotized plate articulated with left corner of posterior margin of R 1 (Fig. 4 H).	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F79FFA639CC3E957C0AFDFA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The generic name refers to the tergal modification on abdominal segment VII with pocket form, which is unique in the species of this genus. Sinatablatta (in spanish “ cucarachas con bolsillo ”). Sinus (latin) = pocket.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F79FFA639CC3E957C0AFDFA.taxon	distribution	Distribution and biology. Currently, Sinatablatta gen. n. ranges from southern Mexico to southern Brazil (Fig. 1 C). The distribution range of this genus and Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) widely overlap (Figs 1 C, D). However, Sinatablatta gen. n. has not been recorded in the Guiana shield. Cockroaches are, in general, rarely collected, so the lack of sampling may explain the absence of this genus in this region of South America. At eight locations in Central America, the northern Andes, and the Amazon, we simultaneously collected specimens of Sinatablatta gen. n. and Xestoblatta (sensu stricto). The existence of sympatry between species suggest that these lineages likely share similar biogeographic histories. All species within Sinatablatta gen. n. were observed active during the first hours at night on the vegetation either at low height or on the litter. These cockroaches are strongly attracted to carrion.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F67FFA739CC3C687DB4FBF2.taxon	description	(Figs 4 A – H)	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F67FFA739CC3C687DB4FBF2.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, “ Colombia, Antioquia, Maceo, Cañón del río Alicante, 6.551138, - 74.641275, 415 m, A. Vélez-Bravo leg., 27 – 29 Aug. 2016 ” (CEUA 86086). PARATYPES: 4 ♂ (CEUA 86087, CEUA 86088, CEUA 86089, CEUA 88090), 5 ♀ (CEUA 86091, CEUA 86092, CEUA 86093, CEUA 86094, CEUA 86095). Same locality of holotype.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F67FFA739CC3C687DB4FBF2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Adults of S. magdalenensis sp. n. can be distinguished by the presence of the following combination of characters: tergal modification on abdominal segments I, II, III and VII. First three tergites centrally depigmented. Tergite VII with a fold of the cuticle that forms a deep transverse groove covering almost three quarters of its width. Left lateral margin of subgenital plate with a row of heavy spines stacked and directed inwards. Right style long, thick, straight and with two short spines at the base. It meso-distal bifurcated forming two projections, each one with apical acuminate spine. Left style long, thin, curved and with an apical acuminate spine, meso-dorsally with a short spiniform projection. This species can be differentiated from similar species such as S. hamata comb. nov. and S. hoplites comb. nov. by the shape of the styles. The right style of S. hoplites comb. nov. has no spines at its base. This meso-distally bifurcates forming two projections, but the innermost projection in turn divides into two, resulting in a style with three projections. The left style is long and straight but it does not project beyond the lateral margin of the subgenital plate. This style can only be observed by dissecting the plate. While S. hamata comb. nov. has shorter styles compared to S. hoplites comb. nov. and S. magdalenensis sp. n. The right style has two spines at its base as in S. magdalenensis sp. n. but its length is less than half the width of the subgenital plate. The left style is short and straight and is hidden as in S. hoplites comb. nov.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F67FFA739CC3C687DB4FBF2.taxon	description	Description. Species of medium size (24 mm) with body and legs light brown. Pronotum, tegmina and hind wings brown. Tegmina with marginal field yellow (Fig. 4 A). Head triangular with big reniform eyes. Interocular distance equal to distance between antennal sockets (1.3 mm). Globose face. Front with many short setae, gena bare. Pronotum parabolic with posterior margin convex and posterior margin obtuse-angulate produced. The two pairs of wings surpassing the cerci apexes. Fore wings with discoidal sector longitudinal and rounded apex. Ulnar vein of hind wings vary from 10 to 12 branches. Number of incomplete branches vary from 5 to 6 and complete ones from 5 to 6. Legs long and slender. Antero-ventral margin of front femur with a row of heavy spines which decrease gradually in size meso-distal and with two terminal spines. Postero-ventral margin of front femur with four heavy spines and one terminal spine. Both margins of middle and hind femora with heavy spines of almost the same length, with genicular spine. Tarsal claws simple and symmetrical, arolium present. Abdomen often convex and long with tergal modification on abdominal segments I, II, III and VII (Figs 4 A, B). First three segments centrally depigmented. In contrast, segment VII with a fold of the cuticle that forms a deep transverse groove covering almost three quarters of its width. Segment VII with thickened lateral margins and with disto-lateral angles greatly produced. Supra-anal plate trapezoidal with posterior margin slightly bilobed (Fig. 4 D). Right paraproct voluminous and elongated, with scattered spines dorsally. Left paraproct smaller and transverse, with a projection towards the central axis of the body and three ones towards the outside (Fig. 4 C). Subgenital plate asymmetric with left lateral margin with a row of heavy spines stacked and directed inwards. Right style long, thick, straight and with two short spines at the base, meso-distally bifurcated forming two projections, each one with an apical heavy spine (Fig. 4 E). Left style long, thin, curved and with an apical heavy spine, with a meso-dorsal short spiniform projection. Genital sclerites. Sclerite L 2 thin and elongated. Region L 2 d and the process “ via ” strongly sclerotized, both closely articulated (articulation 10). The process “ via ” V-shaped (Fig. 4 F). The sclerotized region of hla-hook (sclerite L 3) with distal area narrow and elongated. In addition to the notch “ 45 ”, the hook also exhibits groove “ hge ” along of its lower margin (Fig. 4 G). Basal area of L 3 twice the length of the apical area. Membranous tube of the hla-hook with long and docile setae. Sclerite L 4 as small lateral slightly sclerotized plate with setae. Region R 1 as a large and bulky structure at the right postero-lateral region of sclerite R. Subregions R 1 v and R 1 d sclerotized only near their caudal margin. Complex R 1 t + R 2 free, not other sclerite covers it. Both elongated and with apex truncate. R 2 extending beyond caudal margin of R 3. Subregion R 2 i articulates with lower left corner of R 3. R 2 i with two projections approximately the same length. Right projection with apical region wider than in the left projection. Region R 3 as a slightly sclerotized triangle shaped plate. Corners of posterior margin nearly aligned, both on close horizontal axes. Region R 4 as a strongly sclerotized plate articulated with left corner of posterior margin of R 1 (Fig. 4 H). Female. Similar to the male in the external features, except in the number of branches of ulnar vein. Total number of branches vary from 9 to 13, incomplete branches from 4 to 7 and complete branches from 5 to 7. Measurements in table 3.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F67FFA739CC3C687DB4FBF2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the middle Magdalena river valley, locality where the holotype was collected. One of the richest regions in blattofauna in northern South America.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F67FFA739CC3C687DB4FBF2.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The same as was described for the genus.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F67FFA739CC3C687DB4FBF2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Currently, northwestern South America in the middle Magdalena river valley, Colombia. Apart from the locality type, specimens were collected in the following localities: Alejandría (6.361725, - 75.02723), Anorí (6.972300, - 75.0907), San Luis (5.994191, - 75.023701) and San Roque (6.517938, - 74.925503). The populations are distributed altitudinally from 415 m in Maceo, Antioquia to 1375 m in Alejandría, Antioquia.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F66FFA539CC3A607D1CFB0A.taxon	description	(Figs 5 A – J) Type species: Xestoblatta carrikeri Hebard 1916, 42 (4): 374.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F66FFA539CC3A607D1CFB0A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Adults of Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) can be distinguished by the presence of the following combination of characters: tergal modification on abdominal segment VII, as a central deep pit or a shallow depression. In some lineages the tergal modification on abdominal segment VII partially covered by the projection of posterior margin of segment V or uncover. Posterior margin of segment VI usually borders the anterior margin of the depression or pit. Hind wings pigmented and with ulnar vein with less than six branches. Some branches do not reach the posterior margin of the wing. Male genitalia with subregion R 1 v extending anteriorly to cover part of the R 1 t + R 2 complex. R 2 i with two projections, proximal projection shorter and thinner than the distal one. Distal one generally, with multiple short digitiform projections with spiniform apexes. Its species can be differentiated from similar species of Sinatablatta gen. n. by the shape of tergal modification. The species of Sinatablatta gen. n. have the tergal modification on abdominal segment VII as a deep transverse groove covering almost three quarters of its width.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F66FFA539CC3A607D1CFB0A.taxon	description	Description. Species of medium size (15 – 18 mm ♂, 15 – 19 mm ♀) with body and legs pale yellow. Pronotum and tegmina glossy in appearance, light chestnut or golden, except the marginal field of tegmina that is pale yellow (Fig. 5 A). Head with vertex dark coffee and face pale yellow with a coffee horizontal band between antennal sockets. Ventral side of middle and hind coxae with 2 – 3 brown spots, while dorsal side of front coxa with 2 brown spots. Head triangular with big reniform eyes not globose. Eyes extending postero-laterally beyond to the antennal sockets. Interocular distance slightly less in length than distance between antennal sockets. Globose and elongated face with short sparse bristles and gena bare. Antennae filiform and with short setae along their length, first flagellar segment slightly longer that the pedicel. Pronotum parabolic with anterior margin convex and posterior margin obtuse-angulate produced with a broadly rounded apex to the middle. The two pairs of wings surpassing the cerci apexes, except in the female of X. berenbaumae. Tegmina with base of the remigium narrower than base of vanal region (vannus), with discoidal sector longitudinal and rounded apex. Hind wings with small intercalated triangle, ulnar vein vary from 3 to 6 branches in males and from 1 to 5 branches in females. Legs long and slender. Antero-ventral margin of front femur with a row of heavy spines which decrease gradually in size meso-distal and with two terminal spines. Postero-ventral margin of front femur with 4 - 5 heavy spines and one terminal spine. Both margins of middle and hind femora with heavy spines of almost the same length, with genicular spine. Tarsomeres I – IV with small pulvilli. Tarsal claws simple and symmetrical, arolium present. Abdomen often convex and long with tergal modification on abdominal segments VII. The tergal modification as a central oval deep pit or an oval shallow depression, as in X. cantralli. Also, tergal modification partially covered by a broad, rounded medial projection of posterior margin of segment V, as in X. festae (Griffini), X. mira Gurney, X. panamae Gurney and X. potrix Gurney (see Gurney 1939 plate 14 figs 14, 20, 22, 25), or uncovered (Fig. 5 B). Posterior margin of segment VI usually borders the anterior margin of the depression or the pit (Fig. 5 B). Supraanal plate semi-triangular with posterior margin slightly bilobed (Fig. 5 D). Paraprocts transverse and with spines in its margins (Fig. 5 C). Long and thin cerci. Male subgenital plate asymmetric with each style different in shape and length. The right style located at the end of a column-like projection formed by the projection of the plate from right posterior margin (Fig. 5 E). Genital sclerites. Sclerite L 2 thin and elongated with region L 2 a strongly sclerotized unlike the process “ via ” which is imperceptible (Fig. 5 F). The sclerotized region of hla-hook (sclerite L 3) with distal area narrow and elongated. In addition to the notch “ 45 ”, the hook also exhibits groove “ hge ” along of its lower margin (Fig. 5 G). Basal area of L 3 three times longer than its apical area. Membranous tube of hla-hook bare. Sclerite L 4 as a strongly sclerotized dorso-lateral plate, except in X. zeteki where is absent. Genital sclerite R formed by the sclerotized regions R 1, R 2 and R 3 (Figs 5 H – J). Region R 1 as a large and bulky structure at the right postero-lateral region of sclerite R. Upper right corner of R 1 (R 1 c) articulated with lower right corner of region R 3 (articulation A 3). Subregion R 1 v extends anteriorly to R 1 t partially covering the R 1 t + R 2 complex. Subregion R 1 t merged with region R 2, forming the complex R 1 t + R 2. R 2 longer than R 1 t. Both elongated and pointed but only apex of R 2 extending beyond posterior margin of R 3. Subregion R 2 i articulated from its quadrangular base with left corner of posterior margin of R 3. R 2 i with two projections, proximal projection shorter and thinner than the distal one, and the distal one generally with multiple short digitiform projections with spiniform apexes (Fig. 5 J), except in X. zeteki. Region R 3 as a slightly sclerotized triangle shaped plate. Corners of posterior margin not aligned, left corner relative to right corner displaced vertically upwards more one-third the length of the right side of R 3 (Fig. 5 I). Region R 4 only present in X. zeteki as a weakly sclerotized plate.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
A22A39604F66FFA539CC3A607D1CFB0A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Biology. Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) species range from southern Mexico to southern Brazil (Fig. 1 D). All species of Xestoblatta (sensu stricto) were observed active during the first hours of the night on the vegetation at low altitude and on the litter. These insects are strongly attracted to carrion.	en	Vélez-Bravo, Andrés, Daza, Juan M. (2021): Molecular systematics and genital morphology of the Neotropical cockroaches from the genus Xestoblatta (Blattellidae). Zootaxa 5057 (3): 301-328, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5057.3.1
