identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03E2A0114D4CFFE3F2FC50B1EF18FC07.text	03E2A0114D4CFFE3F2FC50B1EF18FC07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mycodrosophila (Mycodrosophila) amazonica Corrêa & Gottschalk & Carvalho-Filho & Mendes & Valente 2021	<div><p>Mycodrosophila (Mycodrosophila) amazonica n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 1–22)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, code 03-MYCORO, labeled as follow: “Alto Paraíso, RO [= state of Rondônia], 26/X/2– XI/1985, MZ-Polonoroeste” (MZUSP). Holotype condition: head stuck to a paper triangle attached to the specimen, aristae and flagellomeres 1 missing, right and left wings removed and set between coverslips attached to the specimen, abdomen dissected, and terminalia sclerites stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen.</p> <p>Paratypes: (06 ♂, 05 ♀), code: ♂ 02- MYCOPA, ♂ 03- MYCOPA, ♂ 04- MYCOPA, ♂ 06- MYCOPA labeled as follow: “ Belém, PA [= state of Pará], Brasil, Parq. Utinga [<a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.44039&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.4220555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.44039/lat -1.4220555)">Parque Estadual do Utinga</a>], <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.44039&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.4220555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.44039/lat -1.4220555)">Tronco Podre</a> [= rotting fallen log], 27.IX.2016, F.S. Carvalho Filho [collector]”, 1°25’19.4”S, 48°26’25.4”W (MPEG); ♂ 08- MYCOPA, ♂ 10- MYCOPA, ♀ 12- MYCOPA labeled as follow: “ Tailândia, PA [= state of Pará], Brasil, Área da Agropalma, 10.VII.2017, F.S.Carvalho-Filho [collector]” (MPEG); ♀ 24- MYCOPA, labeled as follow: “Barreirinhas, PA. [= state of Pará], Rio Tapajós. [= Tapajós River], Brasil, X–XI. 1970, Exp. Perm. Amaz.” (MPEG); ♀ 06- MYCORR labeled as follow: “ Brasil Roraima, Pacaraima, 5–8-III-1988, Eq. J.A.Rafael, Armadilha de Shannon [= Shannon trap]” (INPA); ♀ 07- MYCORR, labeled as follow: “ Brasil Roraima, Pacaraima, 5–8-III-1988, Eq. J.A.Rafael ” (INPA); ♀ 04-MYCORO, labeled as follow: “Alto Paraíso, RO [= state of Rondônia], 26/X/2– XI/1985, MZ-Polonoroeste” (MZUSP).</p> <p>Paratype condition: ♂ 02- MYCOPA, right arista missing, midlegs missing, left wing removed and mounted between coverslips attached to the specimen, abdomen dissected, and terminalia sclerites stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen; ♂ 03- MYCOPA, aristae missing, abdomen dissected, and terminalia sclerites stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen; ♂ 04- MYCOPA, right arista missing, hindlegs missing, left wing removed and mounted between coverslips attached to the specimen, abdomen dissected, and terminalia sclerites stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen; ♂ 06- MYCOPA, head missing, right wing missing, and left wing removed and mounted between coverslips attached to the specimen; ♂ 08- MYCOPA, aristae missing, left wing removed and mounted between coverslips attached to the specimen, abdomen dissected, and terminalia sclerites stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen; ♂ 10- MYCOPA, head and right wing stuck to a paper triangle attached to the specimen, aristae missing, and legs missing; ♀ 12- MYCOPA, head, forelegs, and wings missing, abdomen dissected, and spermatheca and ovipositor stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen; ♀ 24- MYCOPA, aristae missing, left wing removed and mounted between coverslips attached to the specimen, abdomen dissected, and spermatheca and ovipositor stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen; ♀ 06- MYCORR, aristae missing, fore and hindlegs missing, left wing missing, abdomen dissected, and spermathecae and ovipositor stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen; ♀ 07- MYCORR, left arista missing; ♀ 04- MYCORO, head and right wing stuck to a paper triangle attached to the specimen, aristae missing, hindlegs missing, left wing removed and mounted between coverslips attached to the specimen, abdomen dissected, and spermathecae and ovipositor stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet “ amazonica ” alludes to the wide distribution of the new species in the Amazon region.</p> <p>Diagnosis (Figs 1–8). Combination of the following characteristics: apparently the anterior dorsocentral setae reduced; scutellum shiny; wing apex (region of intersection between C and R 4+5) slightly darkened; abdomen with TII–TIII and TIV–TV with a clear trapezoid-shaped light lateral spot; epandrium with 5–6 upper and 4–6 lateral setae; ventral lobe approximately the same length as the surstylus, glabrous, and presenting 3–4 long setae; surstylus connected to the epandrium, with 11 prensisetae arranged in a line, 4 inner setae and 4 outer setae; phallus tubular and projected anteriorly, 2x narrower in basiphallus than in distiphallus and the narrowed section about 1/2 of the phallus length in lateral view.</p> <p>Description. Holotype ♂ (Code 03-MYCORO, Figs 1–14). Head (Fig. 1–2). Dark brown; eyes reddish and glabrous; facial carina light brown, prominent, “nose-like”; pedicel and scape light brown; flagellomeres 1 missing; arista missing; orbital plates dark brown, lighter behind orbital seta 3 (or3); occiput light brown; orbital setae dark brown; distance between or1 (proclined orbital seta) and or2 (anterior reclined orbital seta) = 0.03 mm, between or1 and or3 (posterior reclined orbital seta) = 0.06 mm, and between or2 and or3 = 0.03 mm; frons light brown, reflecting silver luster throughout; ocellar triangle dark brown, approximately 1/3 as long as the frons; face light brown; genae light; proboscis, labellum and palps light; post-ocellar setae dark brown, long and crossed. Thorax (Figs 1, 3 and 4). Dark brown; scutum shine dark brown, with 8 regular rows of acrostichal setulae; pleura pale yellow, with a dark brown region on the dorsal portion of the proepisternum, anepisternum and anepimeron, forming a confluent band with the coloration of the notum above the wing insertion; only the posterior pair of dorsocentral setae conspicuous, apparently the anterior dorsocentral setae reduced; scutellum dark brown, shiny; basal scutellar setae converging and distal ones missing; legs uniformly pale yellow. Wings (Figs 1, 7 and 8). Hyaline, with a dark spot on the second break of C and extending to the vein M; wing apex (region of intersection between C and R 4+5) slightly darkened; costal lappet dark and developed in the second break of C; vein R 2+3 straight towards C; vein M slightly curved in the direction of R 4+5, close to the intersection with C; bm-cu absent. Halter with dark knob and light stem. Index: C = 1.20; ac = 4.46; hb = 0.63; 4c = 1.65; 4v = 2.2; 5x = 1.72; M = 0.54; prox. x = 0.36. Length 1.55 mm, width 0.69 mm. Abdomen (Figs 1, 5 and 6). Predominately dark; TI light; TII-VI dark, with light lateral margin which extends medially in the anterior and posterior margins of the tergite, being the light area more comprehensive in TII, TIII and TVI; TIV and TV with slight light indentation; sternites and intersegmental membranes light. Body length: 1.20 mm.</p> <p>Male terminalia (Figs 9–14). Epandrium with equal width and length, microtrichose, with 5–6 upper and 4–6 lateral setae (Epan, Figs 9–10); ventral lobe approximately the same length as the surstylus and tapered at its tip, posteriorly curved, glabrous, and presenting 3–4 long setae (V.L.Epan, Figs 9–11). Cerci free (not fused to epandrium), microtrichose and with large setae (Cer, Figs 9–11). Subepandrial sclerite wide, connecting the surstyli (S.S, Fig. 11). Surstylus connected to the epandrium, with 11 prensisetae arranged in a line, 4 inner setae and 4 outer setae (Sur, Figs 9–11). Hypandrium arc-shaped, wider than longer, almost the same length as the epandrium (Hypan, Figs 12 and 13). Pregonites large, sub-rectangular, partially fused to the hypandrium, with a seta (Preg, Figs 12 and 13). Phallus tubular and projected anteriorly, 2x narrower in basiphallus than in distiphallus (sense Grimaldi 1987), the narrowed section about 1/2 of the phallus length in lateral view; with the apical region bifurcated, indented, and bearing rows of tiny setulae its inner margin (Phallus, Figs 12 and 14). Phallapodeme flattened laterally and shorter than phallus (Phallap, Fig. 14). Ventral rod (sense Bächli et al. 2004) projected anteriorly and merged with the posteromedian margin of the hypandrium (Figs 12–13). Postgonites (connected to the pregonites) elongated and anteriorly curved in lateral view, containing approximately three apical setulae, and with an internal microtrichotic surface (Post and Preg, Figs 12–14).</p> <p>Remarks on male and female paratypes. Some paratypes are different from the holotype in light spots of abdominal tergites, mainly in the lateral portion of TIV and TV and/or the dorsal surface of TV (Fig. 18): eight paratypes (♂ 02-MYCOPA, ♂ 06-MYCOPA, ♂ 08-MYCOPA, ♂ 10-MYCOPA, ♀ 12-MYCOPA, ♀ 24-MYCOPA, ♀ 06-MYCORR, and ♀ 07-MYCORR) with clear dorsal patches on TV.</p> <p>Three paratypes (♂ 03- MYCOPA, ♂ 04- MYCOPA, and ♀ 07- MYCORR) have the arista with four dorsal and one ventral branches (Fig. 15), one paratype (♂ 02- MYCOPA) has four dorsal and two ventral branches (Fig. 16), but in the other paratypes the aristae are missing.</p> <p>Three paratypes (♂ 08- MYCOPA, ♂ 10- MYCOPA, and ♀ 06- MYCORR) have a small pair of anterior dorsocentral setae (white arrow, Fig. 17) slightly larger than acrostichal setulae.</p> <p>Female terminalia (Figs 19–22). Tergite VIII microtrichose in the dorsal region; epiproct and hypoproct microtrichose, with 14–16 and 10–12 long setae, respectively; valves of ovipositor long, rounded at the tip in lateral view, posteriorly acute in ventral view; 14–15 marginal peg-like ovisensilla; 1 outer discal ovisensillum; 2 long subapical inner ovisensilla. Spermathecal capsule sclerotized, oval-shaped, bare, with lines near the basal opening; introvert 1/3 to 1/2 of the total length of the capsule.</p> <p>Measurements (mm): males (n = 6): body length, mean±SD: 1.78±0.268 (range: 1.40–2.11). Distance between orbital setae (n = 5): or1 to or2, 0.03±0.004 (0.02–0.03); or1 to or3, 0.06±0.005 (0.05–0.06); or2 to or3, 0.03±0.004 (0.02–0.03). Females (n = 5): body length, 2.13±0.287 (1.74–2.44). Distance between orbital setae (n = 4): or1 to or2, 0.03±0.005 (0.03–0.04); or1 to or3, 0.06±0.005 (0.06–0.07); or2 to or3, 0.03 (this measurement did not vary among the examined specimens).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2A0114D4CFFE3F2FC50B1EF18FC07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Corrêa, Robson Crepes;Gottschalk, Marco Silva;Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva;Mendes, Mayara Ferreira;Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva	Corrêa, Robson Crepes, Gottschalk, Marco Silva, Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva, Mendes, Mayara Ferreira, Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva (2021): Two new species and a new species group of Mycodrosophila Oldenberg, 1914 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from the Amazon. Zootaxa 5052 (1): 78-90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.4
03E2A0114D48FFE2F2FC5398EC8DFC68.text	03E2A0114D48FFE2F2FC5398EC8DFC68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mycodrosophila (Mycodrosophila) martinsae Corrêa & Gottschalk & Carvalho-Filho & Mendes & Valente 2021	<div><p>Mycodrosophila (Mycodrosophila) martinsae n. sp.</p> <p>(Figs 23–36)</p> <p>Type material. Holotype ♂, code 07- MYCOPA, labeled as follows: “Belém, PA [= state of Pará], Brasil, Parq. Utinga [<a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-48.44039&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-1.4220555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -48.44039/lat -1.4220555)">Parque Estadual do Utinga</a>], Tronco Podre [= rotting fallen log], 27.IX.2016, F.S. Carvalho Filho [collector]”, 1°25’19.4”S, 48°26’25.4”W (MPEG). Holotype condition: midlegs missing, left wing removed and mounted between coverslips attached to the specimen, abdomen dissected, terminalia sclerites stored in a microtube with glycerin attached to the specimen.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet “ martinsae ” pays homage to Dra. Marlúcia Bonifácio Martins, a Brazilian researcher at the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), who has contributed to the development of science and to knowledge of the ecology and taxonomy of Drosophilidae and the Amazonian fauna.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Combination of the following characteristics: gena with a silvery shine similar to that of frons; palps light brown; a pair of posterior dorsocentral setae; scutellum opaque; abdomen with TV dark brown, with a pair of shine transverse light bands; TVI light and shine; epandrium with 4 upper and 4 lateral setae; ventral lobe slightly longer than the surstylus, microtrichose and with 5 long setae; surstylus connected to epandrium, with 10 prensisetae arranged in line, 2 inner and 4–5 outer setae; phallus tubular and projected anteriorly, 2x narrower in basiphallus than in distiphallus and the narrowed section about 1/3 of the phallus length in lateral view.</p> <p>Description. Holotype ♂ (Code 07-MYCOPA, Figs 23–36). Head (Figs 23–26). Dark brown; eyes reddish and glabrous; facial carina light brown, prominent; scape and pedicel light brown; flagellomere 1 brown; arista with four dorsal and one ventral branches, and terminal fork; orbital plates dark brown, lighter after orbital bristle 3 (or3); orbital setae dark brown; distance between or1 and or2 = 0.03 mm, between or1 and or3 = 0.06 mm, and between or2 and or3 = 0.03 mm; frons light brown, reflecting silvery shine throughout; ocellar triangle dark brown, approximately 1/3 as long as the frons; occiput light brown; face light brown; gena light (with silvery brilliance similar to that on frons); proboscis and labellum light; palps light brown; postocellar setae dark brown, long and crossed. Thorax (Figs 23, 25 and 26). Dark brown; scutum shiny dark brown, with 8 regular rows of acrostichal setulae; pleura pale yellow, with a dark brown region in the dorsal portion of the proepisternum, anepisternum and anepimeron forming a confluent band with the notum coloration above the wing insertion; a pair of posterior dorsocentral setae; scutellum opaque with converging basal and distal scutellar setae; legs uniformly pale yellow. Wings (Figs 23, 29 and 30). Hyaline, stained in the second C break and extending to the vein M; costal lappet dilated and dark; vein R 2+3 straight towards C; veins R 4+5 and M slightly converging near the apex of the wing; bmcu absent; halter light on the connecting stem, knob damaged; index: C = 1.22, ac = 4.35, hb = 0.60, 4c = 1.90, 4v = 2.65, 5x = 2.6, M = 0.81, prox. x = 0.59. Length 1.60 mm, width 0.72 mm. Abdomen (Figs 23, 27 and 28). Dark brown; TI light; TII dark brown, with slight dorsal median indentation and light trapezoidal spot on lateral portion; TIII–V dark brown with a thin light marginal spot; TIV and V with a light, right-angled triangular spot on the side, TV with a pair of dorsal shine light spots; TVI light and shine; sternites and intersegmental membranes light. Body length: 2.09 mm.</p> <p>Male terminalia (Figs 31–36). Epandrium with equal width and length, microtricose, with 4 upper and 4 lateral setae (Epan, Figs 31 and 32); ventral lobe slightly longer than the surstylus, tapering apically, microtrichose and with 5 long setae (V.L.Epan, Figs 31 and 32). Cerci free (not fused to epandrium), microtrichose, with large setae (Cer, Figs 31 and 32). Subepandrial sclerite wide, connected to the surstyli (S.S., Fig. 31). Surstylus connected to epandrium, with 10 prensisetae arranged in line, 2 inner and 4–5 outer setae (Sur, Figs 31 and 32). Hypandrium arcshaped, as wide as long, being almost the same length as the epandrium (Hypan, Figs 33 and 36). Pregonites large, sub-rectangular, partially fused to the hypandrium and bearing a seta (Preg, Figs 33, 34 and 36). Phallus tubular, projected anteriorly, with basiphallus 2x narrower than distiphallus (sense Grimaldi 1987), the narrowed section about 1/3 of the phallus length in lateral view; the apical region forked and indented, with rows of tiny setulae on the inner margin (Phallus, Figs 33–35). Phallapodeme laterally flattened and shorter than phallus (Phallap, Figs 34 and 35). Ventral rod (sense Bächli et al. 2004) anteriorly projected and merged with the posteromedial margin of the hypandrium (Figs 33 and 36). Postgonites (connected to the pregonites) elongated and curved anteriorly in lateral view, bearing approximately three apical setulae, and microtrichose on the inner surface (Post and Preg, Figs 33, 34 and 36).</p> <p>Female: unknown.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2A0114D48FFE2F2FC5398EC8DFC68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Corrêa, Robson Crepes;Gottschalk, Marco Silva;Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva;Mendes, Mayara Ferreira;Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva	Corrêa, Robson Crepes, Gottschalk, Marco Silva, Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva, Mendes, Mayara Ferreira, Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva (2021): Two new species and a new species group of Mycodrosophila Oldenberg, 1914 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from the Amazon. Zootaxa 5052 (1): 78-90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.4
03E2A0114D46FFECF2FC54BAE888FEFD.text	03E2A0114D46FFECF2FC54BAE888FEFD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mycodrosophila neoprojectans Wheeler & Takada 1963	<div><p>Mycodrosophila neoprojectans species group, new group</p> <p>Species included and geographical distribution (Fig. 37). Mycodrosophila neoprojectans Wheeler &amp; Takada, 1963: Panama, Nicaragua, Honduras, Costa Rica, Trinidad, and Ecuador (Wheeler &amp; Takada 1963); Brazil (Amazon Biome; Santa-Brígida et al. 2019). Mycodrosophila pseudoprojectans Wheeler &amp; Takada, 1963: Nicaragua, Panama, and Colombia (Wheeler &amp; Takada 1963); Brazil (Amazon Biome; Santa-Brígida et al. 2019). Mycodrosophila hofmanni Junges, Gottschalk, Loreto &amp; Robe, 2016: Brazil (Amazon Biome; Junges et al. 2016). Mycodrosophila amazonica n. sp.: widely distributed in the northern region of Brazil (Amazon Biome). Mycodrosophila martinsae n. sp.: Brazil (Amazon Biome).</p> <p>Diagnosis. Small flies; tergites II to IV (TII–TIV) largely black but at least partly light; dark spot below the 2nd C break extending to the vein M; dark spots at the apices of R 2+3 and R 4+5 absent (except M. amazonica n. sp. which was slightly darkened apically), ventral lobe of the epandrium tapering apically; phallus projected anteriorly in side view, with basiphallus narrower than distiphallus in lateral view (sense Grimaldi 1987).</p> <p>Key to the species of the Mycodrosophila neoprojectans species group</p> <p>1 Tergites V and VI mostly black, except for small light spots on lateral margins; wing tip with faint darking; basiphallus 2x narrower than distiphallus and about 1/2 of the phallus length................................... M. amazonica n. sp.</p> <p>- Tergites V and/or II to VI with more or less large light area(s); wing tip without darking............................. 2</p> <p>2 Tergite VI largely black; acrostichal setulae in 10 rows; basiphallus about 1.5x narrower than distiphallus and about 1/2 of the phallus length........................................................................ M. pseudoprojectans</p> <p>- Tergite VI largely light; acrostichal setulae in 8 rows......................................................... 3</p> <p>3 Tergite VI without a median dark spot; basiphallus 2x narrower than distiphallus and about 1/3 of the phallus length............................................................................................ M. martinsae n. sp.</p> <p>- Tergite VI with median dark spot......................................................................... 4</p> <p>4 Halter with dark knob and light base and stem; basiphallus about 1.5x narrower than distiphallus and about 1/2 of the phallus length; postgonite 2x longer than wider in lateral view.......................................... M. neoprojectans</p> <p>- Halter fully dark; basiphallus about 1.5x narrower than distiphallus and about 1/3 of the phallus length; postgonite 3x longer than wider and backward curved in lateral view.................................................... M. hofmanni</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E2A0114D46FFECF2FC54BAE888FEFD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Corrêa, Robson Crepes;Gottschalk, Marco Silva;Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva;Mendes, Mayara Ferreira;Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva	Corrêa, Robson Crepes, Gottschalk, Marco Silva, Carvalho-Filho, Fernando Da Silva, Mendes, Mayara Ferreira, Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva (2021): Two new species and a new species group of Mycodrosophila Oldenberg, 1914 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from the Amazon. Zootaxa 5052 (1): 78-90, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.4
