taxonID	type	description	language	source
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 A – F) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BDA 43 D 3 E-D 0 F 2 - 4512 - 9 E 06 - 839 E 0 F 064 FF 8	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 682.1, 12 ° 44 ’ S, 38 ° 05 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002. Paratypes: UFBA 572, 12 ° 50 ’ S, 38 ° 11 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFPE 842, 4 º 49 ’ – 5 º 10 ’ S, 36 º 10 ’ – 36 º 50 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010. Additional specimens: UFBA 1860.5, 12 ° 47 ’ S, 38 ° 08 ’ W, UFBA 1868.1, 12 ° 51 ’ S, 38 ° 12 ’ W, UFBA 3187.4, 12 ° 50 ’ S, 38 ° 11 ’ W, UFBA 3869.2, 12 ° 44 ’ S, 38 ° 05 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 1862.2, UFBA 1867.1, UFBA 1873.1, 12 ° 47 ’ S, 38 ° 07 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 28 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 2292.6, UFBA 2994.6, 12 ° 46 ’ S, 38 ° 05 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 27 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 1874.1, 12 ° 50 ’ S, 38 ° 10 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 31 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 2863.3, UFBA 2992.3, 12 ° 46 ’ S, 38 ° 07 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 21 – 25 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 2993.1, 12 ° 45 ’ S, 38 ° 07 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 22 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2003; UFBA 3092.2, 12 ° 43 ’ S, 38 ° 02 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 24 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 1998.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Thalamoporella with unequal opesiules, autozooidal opesia torqued to the adjacent avicularium, spatulate vicarious avicularia slightly longer than autozooids and with asymmetrical rostrum and small transversely oval opesiules, spicules in the form of small and medium-sized calipers and small and medium-sized compasses, and bivalved brood chambers.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	etymology	Etymology. In recognition of the Tupinambá, an indigenous Brazilian tribe that lived along the Brazilian Atlantic coastal regions.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, uni- to multilaminar (Fig. 2 A). Autozooids arranged multiserially, rectangular (0.541 – 0.655 – 0.794 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.059 mm; 0.244 – 0.331 – 0.385 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.038 mm), with concave proximal rim and convex distal rim (Fig. 2 A). Lateral walls thick, slightly raised with beaded rims, separated by distinct slits. Cryptocyst occupying almost the entire zooidal length, granular, with small pores and proximal half extension; two rounded unequal opesiules, both descending into the basal wall. Polypide tube with small granules, imperforate, with slightly raised distal border (Fig. 2 B). Gymnocyst restricted to the distal and latero-oral rim, smooth, sometimes forming small adoral tubercles at either side of orifice, rounded, varying in size from almost indistinguishable to small. Opesia subcircular, orificelike, slightly wider than long (0.158 – 0.176 – 0.200 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.009 mm; 0.160 – 0.184 – 0.205 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.010 mm); arcuate distally and well-defined by gymnocyst, with sides almost straight, and with a broad and concave proximal rim formed by a cryptocyst bearing small denticles, with a pair of proximolateral subtriangular condyle-like projections (Fig. 2 B). Vicarious avicularium slightly longer than the autozooid (0.591 – 0.676 – 0.726 mm long; n = 30, SD = 0.054 mm; 0.234 – 0.248 – 0.265 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.014 mm), distally directed, with an imperforate granular cryptocyst occupying almost the proximal half of avicularium length, with a pair of small and transversely oval opesiules; lateral walls thick with beaded rims; spatulate rostrum, asymmetrical, well-marked by distal smooth gymnocyst, with rounded distal rim; cryptocyst reduced at distal rostral area, with semi-elliptical palatal foramen with almost straight proximal rim occupying distal half of avicularium length; latero-proximal mandibular articulations (pivots) subtriangular, symmetrical; adjacent zooids with the orifice torqued to the avicularium (Fig. 2 C, D). Embryos brooded inside globular bivalved brood chambers (0.373 – 0.407 – 0.465 mm long; n = 17, SD = 0.024 mm; 0.448 – 0.494 – 0.533 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.023 mm); surface with a distinct median suture, opening with a distal acute shape; aperture of brooding zooids with U-shaped rim (Fig. 2 D). Spicules in the form of small and medium-sized calipers and compasses (Fig. 2 B, E). Calipers often smaller than 0.05 mm, but compasses variable, up to 0.20 mm long. Basal walls with a pair of hooked insertions, irregular, occasionally connected to the distal wall (Fig. 2 F).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Thalamoporella tupinamba n. sp. belongs to the Thalamoporella distorta group sensu Soule et al. (1992) (i. e., Thalamoporella distorta Osburn, 1940, from the Caribbean, Thalamoporella hawaiiana Soule & Soule, 1970, from Hawaii, and Thalamoporella semitorquata Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1992, from the Maldives). These species are characterized by the autozooidal opesia torqued to the adjacent avicularium. Differences among these species are related to avicularian morphology — a moderate rostrum with a median constriction and foramen oblong in T. distorta; a short rostrum with a weak constriction and elliptical foramen in T. hawaiiana; a very long rostrum with a weak median constriction and subtriangular foramen in T. semitorquata; and a moderate rostrum with a weak median constriction and elliptical foramen in T. tupinamba n. sp. Other differences include the spicules in the form of calipers that are common in T. tupinamba n. sp. and T. hawaiiana but are considered absent in both T. distorta and T. semitorquata (Soule et al. 1992). Calipers of T. hawaiiana are distinctly wicket-shaped with hooked tips, but more rounded and open in T. tupinamba n. sp. Also, autozooids of T. hawaiiana are slightly larger (0.550 – 0.900 mm long; 0.300 – 0.430 mm wide) than T. tupinamba n. sp. (0.541 – 0.794 mm long; 0.244 – 0.385 mm wide). To date, three species of Thalamoporella have been recorded from Brazil — Thalamoporella evelinae Marcus, 1939, Thalamoporella falcifera (Hincks, 1880) (a misidentified taxon on the Brazilian coast; see Vieira et al. 2016) and Thalamoporella floridana Osburn, 1940. Differences between T. tupinamba n. sp. and T. evelinae include the small adoral tubercles (larger in T. evelinae than T. tupinamba n. sp.) and the presence of vicarious avicularia (absent in T. evelinae). Thalamoporella tupinamba n. sp. is distinguished from Brazilian specimens assigned to T. falcifera by Marcus (1937) by the presence of vicarious avicularia and spicules in the form of calipers (absent in Marcus’s material). Thalamoporella floridana (sensu Vieira et al. 2016) has small triangular avicularia and no brood chambers.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70068517EBEF905FF0AFE44.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Thalamoporella tupinamba n. sp. mainly encrusts hard substrata such as calcareous algae, rhodoliths and coral fragments; 21 ‒ 28 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 A – D) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CFEDDD 01 - F 88 A- 4 B 8 F- 9137 - 6 A 903 C 2 AB 450	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 874.1, 12 ° 58 ’ S, 38 ° 33 ’ W, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil, coll. by Orane Alves, 1997. Paratypes: UFBA 1109.6, 13 ° 45 ’ S, 38 ° 50 ’ W, Camamu, Costa do Dendê, Bahia, Brazil, 30 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004; UFBA 1132.2, 16 ° 07 ’ S, 38 ° 29 ’ W, Banco Royal Charlotte, Costa do Descobrimento, Bahia, Brazil, 35 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004; UFPE 902, 4 º 49 ’ – 5 º 10 ’ S, 36 º 10 ’ – 36 º 50 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010. Additional specimens: UFBA 790.1, UFBA 791.1, 12 ° 56 ’ S, 38 ° 33 ’ W, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil, coll. by Abílio Bittencourt, 1976; UFBA 1339.1, 13 ° 53 ’ S, 39 ° 59 ’ W, Camamu, Costa do Dendê, Bahia, Brazil, 18 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Turbicellepora with nodular (pimpled) frontal zooidal surface with few large marginal pores, oval primary orifice with shallow proximal rim, well-developed peristome around entire primary orifice and with single or paired avicularia with rounded rostrum, no interzooidal / vicarious avicularia, hyperstomial ovicells with ectooecium having more than 20 pseudopores.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Latin papula, pimple, alluding to the zooidal surface with small, rounded tubercles.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, uni- to multilamellar, spot-like (Fig. 3 A). Autozooids raised distally, oval to polygonal (0.503 – 0.597 – 0.719 mm long, n = 22, SD = 0.059 mm; 0.337 – 0.461 – 0.567 mm wide, n = 22, SD = 0.059 mm), irregularly organized, delimited by distinct grooves (Fig. 3 B). Frontal shield heavily calcified, nodular and with warts, convex, raised distally, imperforated frontal, but with 6 – 10 large marginal areolar-septular pores (Fig. 3 B). Primary orifice oval, large relative to frontal shield (0.145 – 0.176 – 0.215 mm long, n = 22, SD = 0.017 mm; 0.155 – 0.172 – 0.198 mm wide, n = 11, SD = 0.013 mm), sunken in peristome, with arcuate distal edge and broad concave proximal border; condyles present, small, triangular, placed at proximal third of the orifice (Fig. 3 C). Weak peristome elevated around entire primary orifice, or obscuring it, forming a complete tubular open rim (Fig. 3 C). Vicarious avicularia not seen. Latero-oral avicularia small (0.089 – 0.108 – 0.127 mm long, n = 13, SD = 0.013 mm; 0.059 – 0.071 – 0.088 mm wide, n = 13, SD = 0.010 mm), single or paired on peristomial rim; rostrum subtriangular almost elliptical, distally directed upwards, with pointed proximal rim; cryptocyst absent, elliptical opesia and complete crossbar (Fig. 3 C, D). Ovicell hyperstomial, with globular ooecium (0.230 – 0.255 – 0.275 mm long, n = 5, SD = 0.015 mm; 0.268 – 0.306 – 0.366 mm wide, n = 5, SD = 0.024 mm); ectooecium with more than 20 pseudopores, opening just above the operculum (Fig. 3 D).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Most Turbicellepora species have interzooidal and suboral avicularia (e. g., Hayward 1978; Alvarez 1990; Denisenko 2016), thus they are easily distinguished from T. papula n. sp. Among congeners, four other species also have spot-like colonies: Turbicellepora iarae Almeida, Souza, Menegola & Vieira, 2017 and Turbicellepora winstonae Vieira, Gordon, Souza & Haddad, 2010), described from the Brazilian coast; Turbicellepora coronopus (Wood, 1844), based on fossil material from the British Isles but also reported in the Mediterranean, E Atlantic and Europe (Hayward 1978); and Turbicellepora nodulosa (Lorenz, 1886), restricted to the cold, Arctic waters (Hayward 1978). Differences among T. papula n. sp. and T. iarae include the frontal calcification (nodular in T. papula n. sp. and smooth in T. iarae) and latero-oral avicularia (absent in T. iarae) (Almeida et al. 2017). Turbicellepora winstonae has a smooth frontal shield (nodular in T. papula n. sp.), a primary orifice with a V-shaped proximal sinus (slightly concave in T. papula n. sp.) and a secondary orifice with pointed tubercles (tubular in T. papula n. sp.). Finally, T. papula n. sp. is distinguished from T. coronopus and T. nodulosa by having a primary orifice with a broad concave proximal region (primary orifice with distinct sinus in T. coronopus and with shorter proximal region in T. nodulosa) and typically paired latero-oral avicularia (sub- and / or latero-oral and interzooidal avicularia in T. coronopus and a single latero-oral avicularium in T. nodulosa). Another Brazilian congener is Turbicellepora brasiliensis Winston, Vieira & Woollacott, 2014, characterized by having flat colonies, distinct from the spot-like colonies of T. papula n. sp. Other differences include the shape of the autozooids (rectangular and flat in T. brasiliensis and oval to polygonal, raised distally in T. papula n. sp.), frontal calcification (faintly granular in T. brasiliensis and nodular and with warts in T. papula n. sp.) and laterooral avicularia (paired and not incorporated into the peristome in T. brasiliensis but single or paired and always embedded in the peristomial rim in T. papula n. sp.) (Winston et al. 2014).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70768537EBEFE60FC3CFE5D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Turbicellepora papula n. sp. encrusts hard substrata such as gravel grains and calcareous nodules; 18 ‒ 35 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB704685C7EBEF92AFB1CFE79.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 A – F) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 2 B 338 FEE-BEDD- 40 BF- 9 D 1 E- 78 AA 75727351	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB704685C7EBEF92AFB1CFE79.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Plesiocleidochasma with encrusting colonies of zooids with rugose and imperforate frontal shield except for 3 – 6 circular areolar-septular pores, keyhole-shaped primary orifice with broad proximal sinus, downcurved subtriangular condyles, 3 – 4 oral spines, orifice becoming surrounded by 3 – 6 rounded tubercles (3 – 4 around the orifice and 1 – 2 on the proximal margin of the distal zooid) with secondary calcification, single or paired small adventitious avicularia with acute rostrum and large subtriangular opesia.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB704685C7EBEF92AFB1CFE79.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB704685C7EBEF92AFB1CFE79.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB704685C7EBEF92AFB1CFE79.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, uni- to multilaminar (Fig. 4 A, E). Autozooids subhexagonal or irregularly polygonal (0.279 – 0.377 – 0.491 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.053 mm; 0.240 – 0.327 – 0.392 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.040 mm), often not well defined, but separated by shallow grooves and almost inconspicuous sutures (Fig. 4 B, E). Frontal shield rugose, imperforate except for 3 – 6 circular areolar-septular pores. Primary orifice keyhole-shaped (0.090 – 0.123 – 0.149 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.013 mm; 0.085 – 0.104 – 0.118 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.008 mm), distal margin semicircular, proximal margin with a broad U-shaped sinus (Fig. 4 C), about 0.030 – 0.033 – 0.035 mm long; 3 – 4 oral spines (Fig. 4 C), becoming concealed by increasing calcification (Fig. 4 B); a pair of subtriangular condyles hooked downwards (Fig. 4 C). Multilaminar colonies often with peristome formed by 3 – 6 rounded tubercles, 3 – 4 around the orifice and 1 – 2 on the proximal margin of the distal zooid (Fig. 4 E, F). Adventitious avicularia single or paired (0.069 – 0.082 – 0.100 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.007 mm; 0.037 – 0.050 – 0.058 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.004 mm), placed laterally below the orifice, sometimes at same level as sinus; rostrum laterally directed, often slightly oblique to the distal zooidal corners at an angle of 45, drop-shaped (rounded proximal but with pointed distal end); cryptocyst forming distal rim, with almost incomplete palatal area resulting in a subtriangular to lanceolate foramen; complete crossbar with small, almost rounded columella; opesia narrowly semicircular (Fig. 4 C). Ovicell submerged (0.111 – 0.150 – 0.201 mm long, n = 13, SD = 0.025 mm; 0.147 – 0.184 – 0.228 mm wide, n = 13, SD = 0.021 mm); ooecium with same calcification as the frontal shield; labellum semicircular (Fig. 4 D).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB704685C7EBEF92AFB1CFE79.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Among the 16 living species of Plesiocleidochasma, P. brasiliensis n. sp. most resembles Plesiocleidochasma foliosum Winston, Vieira & Woollacott, 2014, from Brazil, Plesiocleidochasma mediterraneum Chimenz Gusso & Soule, 2003, from the Mediterranean Sea, Plesiocleidochasma porcellaniforme (Soule, Soule & Chaney, 1991), from the Indo-Pacific, and Plesiocleidochasma porcellanum (Busk, 1860), reported in different tropical and subtropical areas (see below), all sharing small, subtriangular, latero-oral avicularia (Berning 2012; Pizzaferri & Berning 2007; Soule et al. 1991; Winston et al. 2014). These species differ from P. brasiliensis n. sp., however, in having a deeper orificial sinus (broad and shallow in P. brasiliensis n. sp.) and contrasting avicularian opesial morphology (subtriangular in P. brasiliensis n. sp.; trifoliate in P. foliosum; elliptical in P. mediterraneum and P. porcellaniforme). At least three additional species of Plesiocleidochasma were reported from Brazil: P. acuminata Ramalho, Taylor, Moraes, Moura, Amado-Filho & Bastos, 2018, P. arcuatum Ramalho & Moraes in Ramalho et al. 2021 and P. porcellanum (Vieira et al. 2021). Plesiocleidochasma acuminata is easily distinguished from P. brasiliensis n. sp. by the single, large, latero-oral avicularium with a trifoliate opesia (single or paired and small avicularia with triangular opesia in P. brasiliensis n. sp.). Differences between P. arcuatum and P. brasiliensis n. sp. include the shape of the sinus (V-shaped in P. arcuatum and U-shaped in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), adventitious avicularia (single and triangular in P. arcuatum and single or paired and drop-shaped in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), and ovicell labellum (trapezoidal in P. arcuatum and semicircular in P. brasiliensis n. sp.). Based on the lectotype specimens of P. porcellanum (see Berning 2012), this species is distinguished from P. brasiliensis n. sp. by the presence of two marginal pores (3 – 6 in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), the proximal margin of the primary orifice having a broader sinus that is slightly smaller than the distal region (orifice with a distinctly narrower sinus than the distal region in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), an often single latero-oral avicularium with an elliptical opesia (single or paired latero-oral avicularia with narrowly semicircular opesia in P. brasiliensis n. sp.) that is always directed laterally (often slightly oblique to the distal zooidal corners at an angle of 45 in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), and ovicell with median fenestra (with a semicircular labellum in P. brasiliensis n. sp.). Different authors pointed out that specimens with small, subtriangular, latero-oral avicularia previously reported as P. porcellanum (attributed to different genera) from tropical and subtropical regions including Brazil (e. g., Cook 1964; Marcus 1937, 1955; Winston 1984; Vieira et al. 2018), may comprise distinct species (see also Berning 2012 for redescription of P. porcellanum). Winston et al. (2014) also indicated that specimens from NE Brazil previously attributed to P. porcellanum (Vieira et al. 2008) may represent an undescribed species. Ramalho et al. (2018) tentatively assigned specimens from Bahia (see Almeida et al. 2015 a) to P. acuminata, but specimens reported from that locality are here reassigned to P. brasiliensis n. sp.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB704685C7EBEF92AFB1CFE79.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Plesiocleidochasma brasiliensis n. sp. is usually found as small colonies encrusting rhodoliths and calcareous nodules; 13 ‒ 53 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 A – D) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DAB 32 BED-C 66 D- 459 E-B 104 - 41 BC 2 B 9510 BE	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 2991.5, 1246 ’ S, 3807 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 25 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002. Paratypes: UFBA 2993.2, 1245 ’ S, 3806 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 22 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2003; UFPE 908, 449 ’ – 510 ’ S, 3610 ’ – 3650 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010; UFBA 2888.4, 1307 ’ S, 3838 ’ W, 13 – 21 m, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil, coll. by Ricardo Miranda, 2017. Additional specimens: UFBA 3680, UFBA 3695, UFBA 3698.1, UFBA 3702, 1244 – 1245 ’ S, 3805 ’ – 3807 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 22 – 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2000 – 2007; UFBA 3628.1, UFBA 3628.2, UFBA 3628.3, 1307 ’ S, 3838 ’ W, 13 – 21 m, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil, coll. by Ricardo Miranda, 2017; UFBA 3646, UFBA 3644, 0503 ’ S, 3619 ’ W, 50 – 53 m, Guamar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. 2005.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Plesiocleidochasma with encrusting colonies of zooids with imperforate frontal shield except for 2 – 3 small circular areolar-septular pores, keyhole-shaped primary orifice with broad, slightly concave to almost straight proximal sinus margin, downcurved subtriangular condyles, three oral spines, single small adventitious avicularia with subovate profile with acute tip, well-developed distal cryptocyst and small inverted funnel-shaped opesia.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Latin infundibulum, neuter, funnel, alluding to the funnel-shaped outline of the avicularian palatal foramen, which is characteristic of this species.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, unilaminar (Fig. 5 A). Autozooids subhexagonal, globular or irregularly polygonal (0.358 – 0.451 – 0.633 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.053 mm; 0.323 – 0.406 – 0.429 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.049 mm), not well delimited but separated by shallow grooves and inconspicuous sutures (Fig. 5 B). Frontal shield slightly rugose and finely granulated, with large, rounded tubercles at the zooidal corners and usually a median tubercle; imperforate except for 2 – 3 small rounded areolar-septular pores, often placed medially near the zooidal margin (rarely the proximal margin). Primary orifice keyhole-shaped (0.126 – 0.150 – 0.178 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.012 mm; 0.105 – 0.136 – 0.154 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.010 mm), distal margin semicircular, proximal sinus margin shallowly concave to almost straight and narrower than the distal region of the orifice (Fig. 5 C), poster about 0.030 – 0.035 – 0.037 mm long; three oral spines (Fig. 5 C), becoming concealed by increasing calcification (Fig. 5 B, D); a pair of subtriangular condyles hooked downwards (Fig. 5 C). Adventitious avicularia may occur on some zooids, single (0.108 – 0.122 – 0.131 mm long, n = 12, SD = 0.007 mm; 0.055 – 0.065 – 0.074 mm wide, n = 12, SD = 0.004 mm), placed proximolateral to the orifice; rostrum laterally directed, sometimes tilted distally or proximally, having subovate profile with acute tip; cryptocyst well developed distally; palatal foramen having outline of funnel; complete crossbar without columella. Ovicell immersed (0.198 – 0.215 – 0.234 mm long, n = 6, SD = 0.012 mm; 0.217 – 0.251 – 0.296 mm wide, n = 6, SD = 0.032 mm); ooecium with same calcification as the frontal shield; labellum subrectangular (Fig. 5 D).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Like P. brasiliensis n. sp., P. infundibulum n. sp. belongs to a group of species (including P. arcuatum, P. foliosum, P. mediterraneum, P. porcellaniforme and P. porcellanum) with small latero-oral avicularia having a triangular rostrum. Plesiocleidochasma infundibulum n. sp., however, is distinguished from all these congeners by having frontal-shield convexities and an orifice with almost straight to slightly concave proximal sinus margin; in all other species there are no frontal convexities, and the proximal margin of the sinus is distinctly rounded (Berning 2012; Pizzaferri & Berning 2007; Soule et al. 1991; Winston et al. 2014). Differences between P. infundibulum n. sp. and P. brasiliensis n. sp. include the primary orifice (with proximal sinus margin shallowly concave to almost straight in P. infundibulum n. sp. and with a deeper U-shaped sinus in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), number of oral spines (3 – 4 in P. brasiliensis n. sp. and three in P. infundibulum n. sp.), number of marginal pores (2 – 3 in P. infundibulum n. sp. and 3 – 6 in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), shape of avicularium palatal foramen (narrow and funnel-shaped in P. infundibulum n. sp., but broad and triangular in P. brasiliensis n. sp.), and the ovicell labellum (subrectangular in P. infundibulum n. sp. and semicircular in P. brasiliensis n. sp.).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70B685F7EBEFDC2FC46FE05.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Plesiocleidochasma infundibulum n. sp. can be found encrusting natural and artificial hard substrata; 13 ‒ 53 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	description	(Fig. 6 A – F) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 2207207 E- 9591 - 425 B-A 9 FB-CA 93 EB 8 B 24 FD	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 2238.12, 12 º 45 ’ S, 38 º 06 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 22 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2006. Paratypes: UFBA 3028.1, 12 º 44 ’ S, 38 º 04 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 28 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 3541.1, 12 º 44 ’ S, 38 º 06 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 22 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2008; UFPE 913, 4 º 49 ’ – 5 º 10 ’ S, 36 º 10 ’ – 36 º 50 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010. Additional specimens: UFBA 3776.2, 12 º 46 ’ S, 38 º 05 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 27 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 3719.3, 12 º 46 ’ S, 38 º 07 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 26 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Rhynchozoon with tuberculate autozooids, large primary orifice with shallow U-shaped sinus and rectangular condyles, suboral avicularia with subtriangular rostrum and uncinate process, no oral spines, frontal shield sometimes with single rhombic frontal avicularium, and immersed ovicells with frontal tabula.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Latin turgidus, swollen, alluding to the swollen tubercles on zooidal frontal shield and peristome of this species.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, uni- to multilaminar (Fig. 6 A). Zooids at the growing edge subrectangular, separated by furrows in which there are slightly raised boundary lines. Primary orifice often rounded by short and rounded marginal peristomial tubercles, and with a subtriangular suboral avicularium directed distolaterally, with complete crossbar (Fig. 6 B). In later astogeny the autozooidal frontal shield thickens and the secondary orifice develops 3 – 6 large tubercles, obscuring the primary orifice and eventually the suboral avicularium (Fig. 6 C). Autozooids becoming irregularly polygonal further from margin (0.271 – 0.320 – 0.421 mm long, n = 15, SD = 0.053 mm; 0.237 – 0.304 – 0.345 mm wide, n = 15, SD = 0.038 mm). Frontal shield smooth textured, with irregularly rounded to pointed tubercles mainly placed near the marginal areolar-septular pores, occasionally merged in larger tubercles; marginal pores 10 – 12, large. Primary orifice small relative to frontal shield, transversely elliptical (0.076 – 0.094 – 0.109 mm long, n = 15, SD = 0.010 mm; 0.097 – 0.106 – 0.127 mm wide, n = 15, SD = 0.009 mm), distal margin semicircular, beaded with 16 – 20 rounded denticles, a pair of subrectangular condyles at proximal corners and proximal broad, shallow, U-shaped sinus (Fig. 6 D). Suboral avicularia with subtriangular rostrum (0.107 – 0.110 – 0.137 mm long, n = 15, SD = 0.010 mm; 0.028 – 0.039 – 0.047 mm wide, n = 15, SD = 0.006 mm), positioned slightly lateral to the proximal orificial border, directed obliquely distalwards; crossbar complete; uncinate process projected into the secondary orifice, sometimes occluded by oral tubercles (Fig. 6 B). Frontal avicularia (0.089 – 0.111 – 0.129 mm long, n = 15, SD = 0.011 mm; 0.040 – 0.051 – 0.058 mm wide, n = 15, SD = 0.005 mm) may occur in some zooids (but often absent in young zooids), placed near zooidal margins; rhombic, small, with complete crossbar, rostrum elongate-triangular (Fig. 6 A, E). Ovicells (0.191 – 0.228 – 0.254 mm long, n = 10, SD = 0.021 mm; 0.251 – 0.277 – 0.325 mm wide, n = 10, SD = 0.026 mm) prominent in young zooids, becoming immersed with increasing calcification; ooecia subglobular and frontally flat, endooecium completely calcified, ectooecium frontally uncalcified, with semicircular tabula, completely bordered by endooecium along the proximal margin; ooecia often covered by tubercular secondary calcification of the frontal shields of surrounding zooids along the lateral and distal margins (Fig. 6 F).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Like its congeners Rhynchozoon brasiliensis Almeida, Souza, Menegola & Vieira, 2017 and Rhynchozoon incrassatum (Hincks, 1882), R. turgidum n. sp. is characterized by autozooids with numerous frontal tubercles, a primary orifice with distinct sinus, suboral and frontal avicularia with similar size and morphology, an ovicell becoming immersed with colonial development, and absence of oral spines and a large avicularium. Rhynchozoon turgidum n. sp. differs from R. brasiliensis, however, by having a larger primary orifice (0.097 – 0.127 mm in R. turgidus n. sp.; 0.037 – 0.062 mm in R. brasiliensis), with a U-shaped, shallow and broad sinus (V-shaped in R. brasiliensis), rectangular condyles (triangular in R. brasiliensis), and smaller (0.089 – 0.129 mm long and 0.040 – 0.058 mm wide in R. turgidus n. sp.; 0.124 – 0.210 mm long and 0.175 – 0.262 mm wide in R. brasiliensis) and less numerous frontal avicularia (typically one in R. turgidus n. sp.; two or more per autozooid in R. brasiliensis) (Almeida et al. 2017). Rhynchozoon incrassatum is distinguished from R. turgidum n. sp. by having subhexagonal or oval autozooids (subrectangular or irregularly polygonal in R. turgidum n. sp.), a frontal shield with a rough surface (smooth in R. turgidum n. sp.), and frontal avicularium placed medially on the frontal shield (marginal in R. turgidum n. sp.) (Hincks 1882). Additionally, adult colonies of R. turgidum n. sp. have merged frontal tubercles, forming rounded ridges that obscures the orifice, avicularia and ovicells, a character that distinguishes R. turgidum n. sp. from all other congeners reported from Brazil — Rhynchozoon coalitum Vieira, Gordon, Souza & Haddad, 2010; Rhynchozoon itaparicaensis Almeida, Souza, Farias, Alves & Vieira, 2018; and Rhynchozoon phrynoglossum Marcus, 1937 (e. g., Almeida et al. 2017, 2018; Marcus 1937, 1955; Vieira et al. 2010).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70868597EBEF99EFCF6F997.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Rhynchozoon turgidum n. sp. commonly encrusts red algae and calcareous nodules; 22 ‒ 28 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70E685B7EBEF885FB61FE05.taxon	description	(Fig. 7 A – F) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 0877532 - 5484 - 46 B 7 - 90 C 0 - 798750 AC 495 C	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70E685B7EBEF885FB61FE05.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cribrilaria with convex frontal shield formed by 8 – 16 pairs of costae, and 3 – 5 intercostal pores with up to two denticles, 5 – 7 oral spines in autozooids and four in ovicelled zooids, suboral costae with central intercostal pore, interzooidal avicularium with long non-serrated narrowed rostrum, and smooth ovicells with median keel associated with autozooids or kenozooids.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70E685B7EBEF885FB61FE05.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70E685B7EBEF885FB61FE05.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality of the species, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70E685B7EBEF885FB61FE05.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, unilaminar (Fig. 7 A), almost translucent white in colour. Autozooids suboval (0.275 – 0.320 – 0.380 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.023 mm; 0.199 – 0.239 – 0.291 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.023 mm), separated by conspicuous grooves (Fig. 7 B). Zooids interconnected by basal pore chambers visible in marginal zooids of the colony. Gymnocyst smooth or with slight striations, wider at the distal portion of the zooid and surrounded by extensions connecting the neighboring zooids (Fig. 7 B, C). Frontal shield convex, composed of 8 – 16 costae separated by 3 ‒ 5 regularly spaced intercostal lacunae with up to two denticles projecting into each lacuna; each costa with median keel, without pelmatidia. Orifice transversely D-shaped (0.056 – 0.064 – 0.074 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.004 mm; 0.032 – 0.042 – 0.049 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.004 mm), with distal margin bordered by six (rarely five or seven) evenly spaced oral spines (Fig. 7 C). Orificial proximal rim formed by paired small costae, partially fused, often with small intercostal pore. Interzooidal avicularia (0.272 – 0.298 – 0.341 mm long, n = 6, SD = 0.025 mm; 0.143 – 0.179 – 0.230 mm wide, n = 6, SD = 0.036 mm) with an oval and frontally convex cystid with smooth gymnocyst; proximal region semicircular without cryptocyst; rostrum long with smooth lateral rim (non-serrated), narrow, elongated, directed distolaterally, open-tipped, with simple convexity for mandible articulation, without condyles or crossbar. Kenozooids common, circular to elliptical in profile, frontal surface convex, with 4 – 8 costae and 2 ‒ 6 regularly spaced intercostal pores, placed medially, smaller than autozooidal intercostal pores (Fig. 7 E). Ovicell prominent or partially submerged on distal autozooids or kenozooids (0.141 – 0.174 – 0.187 mm long, n = 8, SD = 0.014 mm; 0.162 – 0.179 – 0.238 mm wide, n = 8, SD = 0.024 mm). Ooecium smooth, with small protuberances and a median keel; ovicelled zooids with larger orifice than autozooids and with two pairs of oral spines (Fig. 7 F). Ancestrula not seen.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70E685B7EBEF885FB61FE05.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Rosso et al. (2018) provided redescription of the type species of Puellina Jullien, 1886, elevating the three constituent subgenera to generic status. Puellina sensu stricto is thereby restricted to taxa with relatively few costae, proportionately larger gymnocyst, no avicularia and a perforated ooecium. Some other species with a smooth ooecium and interzooidal avicularia, previously assigned to Puellina sensu lato, are now attributed to Cribrilaria (non-pedunculate interzooidal avicularia) or Glabrilaria Bishop & Househam, 1987 (pedunculate or semi-erect avicularia). Following Rosso et al. (2018) ’ s account, new combinations are still needed for some species previously assigned to Puellina; thus, we provide here two new combinations for species described from Brazil: Cribrilaria caraguata (Winston & Vieira, 2013) n. comb., and Cribrilaria tuba (Winston & Vieira, 2013) n. comb. Puellina octospinata Winston, Vieira & Wollacott, 2014 was recently reassigned to Cribrilaria by Ramalho et al. (2021). Thus, our new species is also here assigned to Cribrilaria, which is distinguished from these Brazilian species by having intercostal pores, often with two denticles, and interzooidal avicularia with a narrowly elongate rostrum. Another species, Cribrilaria lateralis Ramalho & Moraes in Ramalho et al. (2021), was recently described from Amazonas, N Brazil, also characterized by having interzooidal avicularia with a narrowly elongate rostrum; this species differs in having more numerous costae (14 – 18 pairs of costae in C. lateralis, 4 – 8 pairs in C. brasiliensis n. sp.). Two other species of Cribrilaria also have 5 – 7 oral spines (four visible in ovicelled zooids) and a suboral umbo with a central gap, i. e., Cribrilaria arrecta Bishop & Househam, 1987 from the British Isles and Cribrilaria parva Winston & Hkansson, 1986 from Florida. Cribrilaria arrecta differs from C. brasiliensis n. sp. in having avicularia with a short rostrum, while C. parva is distinguished by its narrowed gymnocyst and absence of avicularia and kenozooids, both common in C. brasiliensis n. sp. More recently two additional species of Cribrilaria were described from Jamaica: Cribrilaria harmelini Winston & Jackson, 2021, characterized by avicularia with serrate rostra, and Cribrilaria reflexa Winston & Jackson, 2021, with only five oral spines.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70E685B7EBEF885FB61FE05.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Cribrilaria brasiliensis n. sp. is usually found encrusting hard substrata such as corals, rhodoliths and calcareous nodules; 23 ‒ 53 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	description	(Fig. 8 A – D) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 963 A 841 - 6 D 54 - 4 B 32 - A 730 - E 4587 C 7 A 69 CF	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 1974.1, 12 º 50 ’ S, 38 º 11 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2007. Paratypes: UFBA 2237.5, 12 º 47 ’ S, 38 º 06 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 26 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2006; UFBA 2997.5, 12 º 50 ’ S, 38 º 11 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2009; UFPE 886, 4 º 49 ’ – 5 º 10 ’ S, 36 º 10 ’ – 36 º 50 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010. Additional specimens: UFBA 99.3, 12 º 50 ’ S, 38 º 11 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2008; UFBA 213.1, 12 º 51 ’ S, 38 º 12 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004; UFBA 1239.1, Atol das Rocas, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Ruy Kikuchi.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hippoporina with large subquadrangular to polygonal autozooids, zooids longer than 1 mm (up to 1.5 mm long), with nodular frontal wall with minute pseudopores excepted near to the proximal orificial area, and hyperstomial ovicell with ectooecium with 20 or more irregular pseudopores.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Greek titan, one of the giant pre-Olympian gods in Greek mythology, alluding to the characteristic gigantic zooids found in this species.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting (Fig. 8 A). Autozooids subquadrangular to polygonal, distinctly large, longer than wide (1.048 – 1.262 – 1.569 mm long, n = 15, SD = 0.164 mm; 0.802 – 0.962 – 1.301 mm wide, n = 15, SD = 0.132 mm), with arched distal edge, separated by distinct sutures along slightly raised lateral walls (Fig. 8 B). Frontal shield weakly convex, with regularly spaced nodules and minute pseudopores, but often imperforate right below proximal margin of orifice; large marginal pore placed at each proximal corner (Fig. 8 B, C). Primary orifice subcircular (0.340 – 0.369 – 0.432 mm long, n = 15, SD = 0.024 mm; 0.315 – 0.352 – 0.383 mm wide, n = 15, SD = 0.022 mm), with a semicircular distal margin, a pair of almost mediolateral, small, triangular condyles and a wide, shallowly concave, proximal margin (Fig. 8 B). Peristome forming a slightly raised wall around primary orifice, without suboral umbo, obscuring primary orifice and sometimes forming a straight proximal margin, especially in ovicelled zooids. Avicularia not observed. Ovicell hyperstomial, subglobular with flattened frontal area (0.567 – 0.627 – 0.689 mm long, n = 5, SD = 0.060 mm; 0.825 – 0.861 – 0.906 mm wide, n = 5, SD = 0.041 mm); endooecium calcified (Fig. 8 C); ectooecium with 20 or more irregular pseudopores that can be merged (Fig. 8 C, D); ovicelled zooids often with straight and raised peristome, obscuring proximal orifice margin.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Like other species of the genus, Hippoporina titan n. sp. has autozooids with frontal pores except in the suboral region, primary orifice with paired lateral condyles leaving a shallow poster and pseudoporous ectooecium (Cook 1985). Most of the 23 living Hippoporina species have autozooids that are less than or up to one mm in length, with large frontal pseudopores, proximolateral condyles and a suboral umbo (e. g., Cook 1964; Osburn 1952; Winston 2005; Winston & Woollacott 2009). Hippoporina titan n. sp. is distinguished from these species by its much larger zooid size, minute frontal pseudopores, mediolateral condyles and peristome with distinct lateral margins. At least three species of Hippoporina have been reported from Brazil — Hippoporina indica Madhavan Pillai, 1978, Hippoporina pertusa (Esper, 1796) and Hippoporina sertata (Canu & Bassler, 1930) (Vieira et al. 2021). The three species have moderately sized autozooids (less than 1 mm long), large frontal pseudopores, proximal condyles and avicularia (Canu & Bassler 1930; Cook 1964; McCann et al. 2007).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB70D685A7EBEFE89FCABF853.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Hippoporina titan n. sp. is commonly associated with rhodoliths and calcareous nodules; 23 ‒ 26 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	description	(Fig. 9 A – F) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 B 0 AF 9 A 5 - EDE 2 - 48 A 5 - BF 38 - FE 9 CC 91874 A 4	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 690.1, 12 º 51 ’ S, 38 º 10 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 37 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002. Paratypes: UFBA 1304.1, 12 º 46 ’ S, 38 º 07 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 21 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2008; UFPE 889, 4 º 49 ’ – 5 º 10 ’ S, 36 º 10 ’ – 36 º 50 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010. Additional specimens: UFBA 1305.1, 12 º 47 ’ S, 38 º 07 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 26 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002; UFBA 2888.7, UFBA 2895, UFBA 3631, 13 ° 07 ’ S, 38 ° 38 ’ W, 13 – 21 m, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil, coll. by Ricardo Miranda, 2017; UFBA 1339.2, 13 ° 53 ’ S, 39 ° 59 ’ W, Camamu, Costa do Dendê, Bahia, Brazil, 18 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Crepidacantha with subpentagonal autozooids with 3 – 4 marginal pores, 10 – 12 long marginal spines placed along the distolateral margins, primary orifice with straight (in autozooids) to convex (in ovicelled zoids) proximal margin, secondary orifice forming a suboral umbo, vertically arranged mediolatero-oral avicularia with short subtriangular rostrum directed proximally, and ooecium with frontal calcified ectooecium excepted by membranous distal arch which covers the porous endooecium.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Latin fasciatus, banded, alluding to the distinct membranous ectooecial band.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, fragile, thinly calcified, unilaminar (Fig. 9 A). Autozooids subpentagonal, globular (0.397 – 0.459 – 0.584 mm long, n = 11, SD = 0.053 mm; 0.292 – 0.337 – 0.374 mm wide, n = 11, SD = 0.024 mm), arranged quincuncially, separated by deep grooves; 10 – 12 long marginal spines placed along the distolateral margins, basal pore-chambers easily seen in marginal zooids (Fig. 9 B). Frontal shield smooth, imperforate apart from 3 – 4, tiny, areolar-septular pores around proximal margin. Primary orifice cleithridiate (0.092 – 0.098 – 0.108 mm long, n = 13, SD = 0.004 mm; 0.069 – 0.076 – 0.085 mm wide, n = 13, SD = 0.005 mm), distal margin semicircular, proximolateral constriction with a pair of triangular condyles directed downward and straight proximal margin (Fig. 9 C); a thick margin of calcification around the orifice with a pointed suboral umbo (Fig. 9 C, D). Small, paired, latero-oral avicularia (0.053 – 0.061 – 0.072 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.005 mm; 0.026 – 0.033 – 0.038 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.003 mm), elevated in relation to the frontal shield, directed proximally, drop-shaped, with proximal margin semicircular, short subtriangular rostrum, open-tipped, without crossbar and with long setiform mandibles (Fig. 9 C, E). Ovicelled zooids have orifice with convex proximo-frontal margin; cleithral, closed by zooidal operculum, its distal half bordered by proximal corners of ooecium (Fig. 9 D). Ovicell hyperstomial, globular (0.165 – 0.183 – 0.209 mm long, n = 9, SD = 0.011 mm; 0.180 – 0.191 – 0.203 mm wide, n = 9, SD = 0.007 mm); ooecium with calcified ectooecium except for the transverse distal arch (Fig. 9 F).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Some specimens from Bahia here assigned to C. fasciata n. sp. were previously misidentified as Crepidacantha setigera (Smitt, 1873) (acc. Almeida et al. 2015 a) and C. longiseta (acc. Martha et al. 2020). Crepidacantha setigera have been reported from different localities, but it is considered badly characterized since there is no recent morphological characterization of the holotype. Additionally, there are misinterpretations in the specimens assigned to C. setigera and C. longiseta from Florida and the Caribbean (e. g., Winston 1982; Winston 2016; Winston & Jackson 2021), sometimes characterized by having ectooecium with rounded membranous area or also with membranous distal arch. The holotype of Crepidacantha longiseta is deposited at the Department of Paleobiology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (http: // n 2 t. net / ark: / 65665 / m 3163 beaa 4 - 30 d 5 - 4271 - 9 c 37 - ca 07870 e 40 ea), and resembles part of specimens figured by Winston & Jackson (2021, fig. 118 E), with frontal widely rounded membranous ectooecial area. Other specimens from Jamaican assigned to C. longiseta (e. g., Winston & Jackson 2021, fig. 188 C, F) have quite distinct ovicells (and also different size of orifices and avicularia) and they belong to a distinct species. Unfortunately, description provided by Smitt (1873) is based on an imperfect specimen with no proper morphological characterization. Smitt’s description and illustration (Smitt 1873, fig. 206) resemble those specimens reported from the Oculina reefs in Florida (Winston 2016), characterized by ooecia with small imperforate hoods, central area of exposed endooecium and small pores. Thus, these discrepancies in species descriptions and characterization of C. longiseta and C. setigera indicate that these taxa still need a proper review. Based on the recent characterization of C. setigera (acc. Winston 2016), it differs from C. fasciata n. sp. in having ooecium with a porous fenestra and concave proximal orificial margin; in C. fasciata n. sp. the proximal orificial margin is straight or very weakly convex. Specimens previously reported from Bahia, Brazil as Crepidacantha teres (Hincks, 1880) had oral avicularia placed horizontally below the orifice, and it is here referred to a new species (see below). Among the living species of the genus, C. fasciata n. sp. is more similar to Crepidacantha anakenensis Moyano, 1973, from Isla de Pascua, Crepidacantha bracebridgei Brown, 1954, from Australia, and Crepidacantha longiseta Canu & Bassler, 1928 a, from Gulf of Mexico but also reported from Brazil (Brown 1954), in having mediolaterooral avicularia. The three species differ from C. fasciata n. sp., however, in having ectooecium with widely rounded, frontal, membranous area (Brown 1954; Canu & Bassler 1928 a; Moyano 1973); in C. fasciata n. sp. there is a distal membranous ectooecial arch, like that described in Crepidacantha carsioseta Winston & Heimberg, 1986 from Indonesia. Specimen assigned to C. longiseta from Brazil (acc. Brown 1954) requires review, which is beyond the scope of the present work.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71268477EBEFA3CFC6CF881.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Crepidacantha fasciata n. sp. can be found encrusting corals, algae and artificial substrata (PVC plates); 13 ‒ 37 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	description	(Fig. 10 A – C) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 0445 D 259 - ABA 2 - 4 C 9 A-B 65 E-A 98 A 511 FE 2 FD	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 728.1, 12 º 51 ’ S, 38 º 10 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 37 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2002. Paratypes: UFBA 1293.1, 12 º 45 ’ S, 38 º 06 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 22 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2007; UFPE 900, 4 º 49 ’ – 5 º 10 ’ S, 36 º 10 ’ – 36 º 50 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010. Additional specimens: UFBA 1294.1, 12 º 45 ’ S, 38 º 06 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 22 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2007; UFBA 1295.1, 12 º 51 ’ S, 38 º 12 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 23 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2006.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Crepidacantha with rhombic autozooids, 6 – 10 long marginal spines placed along the distolateral margins, trifoliate primary orifice with convex proximal margin, paired frontal elongate-triangular avicularia directed towards each other and asymmetrically positioned, and ooecium with calcified ectooecium except for a narrow transverse band.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named in honor of the bryozoologist and geologist David A. Brown (1916 – 2009).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, fragile, with light calcification, unilaminar (Fig. 10 A). Autozooids rhombic (0.375 – 0.442 – 0.555 mm long, n = 10, SD = 0.053 mm; 0.262 – 0.323 – 0.340 mm wide, n = 10, SD = 0.024 mm), arranged quincuncially, separated by deep grooves; 6 – 10 long marginal spines placed along the distolateral margins, basal pore-chambers easily seen in marginal zooids. Frontal shield weakly rugose, with small, rounded tubercles, imperforate apart from 2 – 3 tiny areolar-septular pores around proximal margin (Fig. 10 A). Primary orifice trifoliate (0.094 – 0.098 – 0.106 mm long, n = 10, SD = 0.004 mm; 0.051 – 0.059 – 0.064 mm wide, n = 10, SD = 0.003 mm), with semicircular distal margin, proximolateral constriction with a pair of triangular condyles, convex proximal margin (Fig. 10 B), and a thick margin of distal calcification (Fig. 10 A). Frontal avicularia small (0.040 – 0.051 – 0.060 mm long, n = 14, SD = 0.005 mm; 0.028 – 0.036 – 0.043 mm wide, n = 14, SD = 0.003 mm), paired, horizontally arranged, proximolateral to orifice, with asymmetric position, directed more or less toward each other, drop-shaped, with proximal semicircular margin, elongate-triangular rostrum, no crossbar and long setiform mandibles (Fig. 10 A – C). Ovicelled zooids with primary orifice like that of autozooids. Ovicell hyperstomial, globular (0.135 – 0.150 – 0.174 mm long, n = 10, SD = 0.011 mm; 0.160 – 0.188 – 0.199 mm wide, n = 10, SD = 0.010 mm); ectooecium calcified except for a narrow transverse band distofrontally (Fig. 10 C).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Crepidacantha browni n. sp. belongs to a group of species — Crepidacantha carsioseta Winston & Heimberg, 1986, Crepidacantha poissonii (Audouin, 1826) and Crepidacantha teres (Hincks, 1880) — characterized by having horizontally arranged frontal avicularia (Brown 1954). Crepidacantha carsioseta, however, has a primary orifice with markedly convex proximal margin forming a distinct proximal lip, suboral umbo, and larger autozooids and orifices (0.396 – 0.522 and 0.072 – 0.126 mm in length, respectively) (Winston & Heimberg 1986); in C. browni n. sp. the orifice has a less convex proximal margin, there is no suboral umbo and the autozooids and orifices are smaller (0.231 – 0.311 and 0.048 – 0.064 mm in length, respectively). These two species are also distinct in the size of avicularia (slightly longer in C. carsioseta than in C. browni n. sp.). Crepidacantha poissonii is distinguished from C. browni n. sp. in having a distinctly trifoliate orifice and well-developed proximal lip (Brown 1954); in C. browni n. sp., the orifice has margins slightly curved, without a distal sharp process or a distinct proximal lip. Crepidacantha teres is distinguished from C. browni sp. nov. by its orifice with a straight margin (Brown 1954), unlike the convex proximal margin of the new species. The other three species of Crepidacantha reported from Brazil, C. longiseta, C. setigera and C. fasciata n. sp., have avicularia arranged vertically (Brown 1954), being readily differentiated from the avicularia horizontally placed of C. browni n. sp.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71168467EBEFF40FDCAF822.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Crepidacantha browni n. sp. usually encrusts corals and rhodoliths; 22 – 37 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	description	(Fig. 11 A – D) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 278380 A 7 - 9184 - 4345 - 82 C 7 - 07 F 339 D 8 D 21 B	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: UFBA 2003.1, 13 ° 45 ’ S, 38 ° 50 ’ W, Baía de Camamu, Costa do Dendê, Bahia, Brazil, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004. Paratypes: UFBA 2009.1, 12 º 48 ’ S, 38 º 10 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 28 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2000; UFBA 3553.4, 12 º 47 ’ S, 38 º 06 ’ W, Camaçari, Costa dos Coqueiros, Bahia, Brazil, 26 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2008; UFPE 916, 4 º 49 ’ – 5 º 10 ’ S, 36 º 10 ’ – 36 º 50 ’ W, Bacia Potiguar, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, coll. by Petrobras, 2009 – 2010. Additional specimens: UFBA 262.1, 13 ° 45 ’ S, 38 ° 50 ’ W, Baía de Camamu, Costa do Dendê, Bahia, Brazil, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004; UFBA 1339.3, 13 ° 53 ’ S, 39 ° 59 ’ W, Camamu, Costa do Dendê, Bahia, Brazil, 18 m, coll. by LAMEB-UFBA, 2004.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hippopodina with convex, evenly pseudoporous frontal shield, without a suboral umbo, primary orifice hoof-shaped with mediolateral condyles, low peristome with tubercles, no avicularia and ovicelled zooids with dimorphic orifice (broader than non-ovicelled zooids).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Baía de Camamu, Bahia, Brazil.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the absence of avicularia, in contrast to the other species of this genus.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	description	Description. Colony encrusting, uni- to multilaminar (Fig. 10 A). Autozooids subrectangular to subhexagonal (0.899 – 1.004 – 1.196 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.070 mm; 0.554 – 0.666 – 0.960 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.086 mm), separated by distinct grooves with raised walls. Frontal shield convex, nodular, and uniformly perforated by small pseudopores placed between the frontal nodules; secondary calcification can obscure frontal pseudopores; marginal pores tiny and scarcely distinguishable from the pseudopores. Primary orifice hoof-shaped, rounded distally and with concave proximal rim (0.211 – 0.223 – 0.239 mm long, n = 30, SD = 0.008 mm; 0.206 – 0.225 – 0.247 mm wide, n = 30, SD = 0.011 mm); condyles present, paired, mediolateral, subtriangular, and hooked downwards. Peristome as a tuberculate low rim around primary orifice (Fig. 10 B). Avicularia not observed (supposedly absent). Ovicell hyperstomial to submerged in distal autozooids, globular (0.421 – 0.427 – 0.432 mm long, n = 2, SD = 0.009 mm; 0.685 – 0.700 – 0.715 mm wide, n = 2, SD = 0.021 mm); ooecium with same calcification as frontal wall; ovicelled zooids with a subcircular primary orifice with proximal margin slightly concave (Fig. 10 C, D).	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Among the 12 living species of Hippopodina, H. inarmata n. sp. is more similar to Hippopodina ambita (Hayward, 1974) from the Mediterranean Sea, as both have mediolateral condyles, contrasting with the other species that have proximolateral condyles. Hippopodina inarmata n. sp. differs from H. ambita, however, in having a low peristome with tuberculate calcification (forming lateral flaps in H. ambita) and in the absence of avicularia (latero-oral in H. ambita) (Hayward 1974). Two other congeners were already recorded from Brazil — Hippopodina feegeensis (Busk, 1884) and Hippopodina pulcherrima (Canu & Bassler, 1928 b) (Vieira et al. 2008, 2021). Differences among H. inarmata n. sp., H. feegeensis and H. pulcherrima are related to the proximal margin of the primary orifice (concave proximally in H. inarmata n. sp.; almost straight in H. feegeensis and H. pulcherrima), and avicularia (not observed in H. inarmata n. sp.; typically paired in H. feegeensis and H. pulcherrima) (Canu & Bassler 1928 b; Tilbrook 1999). As H. inarmata n. sp., three other species — H. californica Osburn, 1952, H. irregularis Osburn, 1940 and H. pectoralis Harmer, 1957 — also lack avicularia (Harmer 1957; Osburn 1940, 1952). Hippopodina californica has proximolateral condyles, a peristome orifice with lateral flaps and a suboral umbo; H. irregularis also has proximal lateral condyles and the peristome is a low margin with smooth calcification; H. pectoralis has a transversely elliptical orifice, proximolateral condyles and a suboral umbo (Harmer 1957; Osburn 1940, 1952). Thus, the combination of a fully pseudoporous frontal shield without a suboral umbo, a hoof-shaped primary orifice with mediolateral condyles, a peristome with tubercles and no avicularia distinguishes H. inarmata n. sp. from all congeners.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
039C4F1DB71668437EBEFA31FEF3FE79.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic: Brazil (Bahia state). Hippopodina inarmata n. sp. encrusts corals and calcareous nodules; 18 – 28 m.	en	Almeida, Ana C. S., Larré, Igor R. N. M., Vieira, Leandro M. (2021): Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5048 (4): 511-537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.3
