identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
9F56D34B495BFFA5FF453D62B3DCF2CF.text	9F56D34B495BFFA5FF453D62B3DCF2CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enneapterygius phoenicosoma Motomura, Ota, and Meguro 2015	<div><p>Enneapterygius phoenicosoma Motomura, Ota, and Meguro, n. sp.</p> <p>[New English name: Red-bodied Triplefin; new Japanese name: Aka-hebigimpo]</p> <p>(Figs 1–6, 8 A–B, 9; Tables 1 –3)</p> <p>Enneapterygius sp. 1: Ogaya in Takagi et al. 2010: 115, unnumbered 5 figs (Morode, Ehime, Shikoku, Japan).</p> <p>Enneapterygius sp. 2: Meguro in Motomura and Matsuura 2014: 457, unnumbered 2 figs (Yoron-jima island, Amami Islands, Kagoshima, Japan).</p> <p>Enneapterygius sp.: Iwatsubo et al. 2014: 89, fig. 11 (off Bandokorobana Nature Park, Ei, Minami-kyushu, Kagoshima, Japan).</p> <p>Holotype. KAUM–I. 21960, male, 35.1 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Nagasaki-bana</a>, Kushikino-kose, Ichiki-kushikino, Kagoshima, Japan, 31°42′24″N, 130°15′44″E, 0.5–1 m, 4 August 2009, T. Yoshida, G. Ogihara, and M. Yamashita.</p> <p>Paratypes. 70 specimens, 17.2–37.2 mm SL, all from Japan. IZU PENINSULA: NSMT-P 62088, female, 27.2 mm SL, off Ryugu-jima island, Shimoda, Shizuoka, 3–5 m, 20 December 2001, G. Shinohara and M. Yanagida. SHIKOKU: BSKU 75367, male, 28.6 mm SL, BSKU 75368, female, 30.0 mm SL, Murote Bay, Ainan, Ehime, 10 July 2005, E. Katayama; BSKU 101171, male, 23.7 mm SL, south side of Murote Bay, Ainan, Ehime, 21 April 2005, T. Ogaya; BSKU 101172, male, 22.8 mm SL, south side of Murote Bay, Ainan, Ehime, 18 May 2005, T. Ogaya; BSKU 114638, female, 26.3 mm SL, BSKU 114639, male, 25.9 mm SL, off Tei Beach, Kounan, Kochi, 23 June 2007. EASTERN KYUSHU (PACIFIC SIDE): KAUM–I. 6122, male, 33.0 mm SL, KAUM–I. 9623, male, 28.1 mm SL, KAUM–I. 9624, female, 27.8 mm SL, KAUM–I. 9629, female, 25.9 mm SL, KAUM–I. 9630, male, 27.1 mm SL, tidepool at Shirahama, Miyazaki, 31°79′N, 131°48′E, 0.1–0.5m, 26 April 2008, M. Meguro and H. Iwatsubo. WESTERN KYUSHU (EAST CHINA SEA SIDE): KAUM–I. 4249, male, 29.8 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.16917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.374722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.16917/lat 31.374722)">Kurose Beach</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.16917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.374722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.16917/lat 31.374722)">Kasasa</a>, Minami-satsuma, Kagoshima, 31°22′29″N, 130°10′09″E, 2 m, 28 May 2007, M. Ito; KAUM–I. 16206, male, 33.4 mm SL, KAUM–I. 16207, male, 32.9 mm SL, KAUM–I. 16208, male, 32.9 mm SL, KAUM–I. 16232, male, 27.6 mm SL, MNHN 2015–0122, female, 33.5 mm SL, MNHN 2015–0123, male, 29.2 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Nagasaki-bana</a>, Kushikino-kose, Ichiki-kushikino, Kagoshima, 31°42′24″N, 130°15′44″E, 0.5 m, 15 March 2009, M. Meguro and T. Yoshida; KAUM–I. 21990, male, 33.9 mm SL, KAUM–I. 21991, male, 32.8 mm SL, KAUM–I. 21994, male, 33.7 mm SL, KAUM–I. 25833, female, 34.5 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26185, male, 33.7 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26186, male, 33.8 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26187, male, 32.1 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26188, male, 36.1 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26189, male, 37.2 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26190, female, 33.9 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26191, female, 31.9 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26192, female, 35.0 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26206, male, 35.1 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26207, male, 28.6 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26208, male, 30.4 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26209, male, 29.6 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26210, male, 28.5 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26211, male, 27.2 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26250, male, 28.8 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26251, male, 27.5 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26252, female, 32.0 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26253, female, 32.0 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26254, female, 31.8 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26255, female, 31.3 mm SL, KAUM–I. 26256, female, 28.7 mm SL, same data as holotype; KAUM–I. 40970, female, 28.6 mm SL, KAUM–I. 40971, female, 35.3 mm SL, KAUM–I. 40972, male, 31.0 mm SL, KAUM–I. 40973, male, 31.7 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Nagasaki-bana</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Kushikino-kose</a>, Ichiki-kushikino, Kagoshima, 31°42′24″N, 130°15′44″E, 0.1–0.5m, 1 August 2011, M. Meguro; KAUM–I. 45375, male, 26.4 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Nagasaki-bana</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Kushikino-kose</a>, Ichiki-kushikino, Kagoshima, 31°42′24″N, 130°15′44″E, 0.1–0.5 m, 1 August 2011, M. Meguro et al.; KAUM–I. 47301, male, 33.5 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Nagasaki-bana</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.26222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.706667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.26222/lat 31.706667)">Kushikino-kose</a>, Ichiki-kushikino, Kagoshima, 31°42′24″N, 130°15′44″E, 0.1–0.5 m, 1 August 2011, H. Motomura et al. SOUTHERN KYUSHU: KAUM–I. 32119, male, 30.2 mm SL, tidepool at <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.2125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.289444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.2125/lat 31.289444)">Marukihama</a> beach, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.2125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.289444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.2125/lat 31.289444)">Kushi</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.2125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.289444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.2125/lat 31.289444)">Bonotsu</a>, Minami-satsuma, Kagoshima, 31°17′22″N, 130°12′45″E, 0.5 m, 10 September 2010, H. Motomura et al.; KAUM–I. 38722, female, 27.4 mm SL, off fishing port at <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.22194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.310278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.22194/lat 31.310278)">Kushi</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.22194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.310278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.22194/lat 31.310278)">Bonotsu</a>, Minami-satsuma, Kagoshima, 31°18′37″N, 130°13′19″E, 2–25 m, 14 June 2011, A. Simons et al.; KAUM–I. 47259, male, 30.0 mm SL, east coast of Chiringa-jima island, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.67223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.276945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.67223/lat 31.276945)">Ibusuki</a>, Kagoshima Bay, Kagoshima, 31°16′37″N, 130°40′20″E, 0.3–1 m, 25 May 2012, H. Motomura et al.; KAUM–I. 55381, male, 28.3 mm SL, KAUM–I. 55382, male, 31.1 mm SL, KAUM–I. 55383, female, 30.8 mm SL, KAUM–I. 55384, male, 34.1 mm SL, KAUM–I. 55385, male, 31.2 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.43333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.43333/lat 31.233334)">Bandokoro-bana National Park</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.43333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.43333/lat 31.233334)">Beppu</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.43333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.43333/lat 31.233334)">Ei</a>, Minami-kyushu, Kagoshima, 31°14′N, 130°26′E, 0.3 m, 23 June 2013, H. Iwatsubo; KAUM–I. 56701, female, 30.3 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.41667/lat 31.233334)">Bandokoro-bana National Park</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.41667/lat 31.233334)">Beppu</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.41667/lat 31.233334)">Ei</a>, Minami-kyushu, Kagoshima, 31°14′N, 130°25′E, 4 m, 29 September 2013, H. Iwatsubo. OSUMI ISLANDS: KAUM–I. 29443, male, 31.2 mm SL, south coast of <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.27861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.775555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.27861/lat 30.775555)">Iou-jima island</a>, Mishima, Kagoshima, 30°46′32″N, 130°16′43″E, 10–20 m, 25 May 2010, KAUM Fish Team; KAUM–I. 53997, male, 28.2 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.655&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.300833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.655/lat 30.300833)">Harutahama</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=130.655&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.300833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 130.655/lat 30.300833)">Ambo</a>, east coast of Yaku-shima island, Kagoshima, 30°18′03″N, 130°39′18″E, 8–10 m, 10 April 2013, S. Tashiro; KAUM–I. 56567, male, 19.0 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=131.03639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.826668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 131.03639/lat 30.826668)">Urata</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=131.03639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.826668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 131.03639/lat 30.826668)">Kunigami</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=131.03639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.826668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 131.03639/lat 30.826668)">Nishinoomote</a>, Tanegashima island, Kagoshima, 30°49′36″N, 131°02′11″E, 4–8 m, 19 September 2013, S. Tashiro et al. AMAMI ISLANDS: CMNH-ZF 11219, male, 25.3 mm SL, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=129.6325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.431944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 129.6325/lat 28.431944)">Kurasaki</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=129.6325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.431944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 129.6325/lat 28.431944)">Tatsugo</a>, Amami-oshima island, Kagoshima, 28°25′55″N, 129°37′57″E, 10 m, 1 July 2004, Y. Ikeda and M. Aizawa; KAUM–I. 17513, male, 26.2 mm SL, tidepool at <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=129.67528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.409445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 129.67528/lat 28.409445)">Tsuchihama</a>, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=129.67528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.409445" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 129.67528/lat 28.409445)">Kasari</a>, Amami-oshima island, Kagoshima, 28°24′34″N, 129°40′31″E, 0.5–1.0 m, 27 March 2009, M. Meguro and T. Yoshida; KAUM–I. 40407, male, 21.3 mm SL, KAUM–I. 40408, male, 18.9 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.44055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.020277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.44055/lat 27.020277)">Maehama</a>, Yoron-jima island, Kagoshima, 27°01′13″N, 128°26′26″E, 2–10 m, 17 August 2011, M. Meguro and E. Katayama; KAUM–I. 51390, male, 22.4 mm SL, off Chabana, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.41722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.06111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.41722/lat 27.06111)">Yoron-jima island</a>, Kagoshima, 27°03′40″N, 128°25′02″E, 8 m, 26 October 2012, KAUM Fish Team; KAUM–I. 55016, male, 17.2 mm SL, off Yoron Port, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.41722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.06111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.41722/lat 27.06111)">Yoron-jima island</a>, Kagoshima, 27°03′40″N, 128°25′02″E, 8 m, 29 June 2013, T. Trnski et al.; NSMT-P 31249, male, 23.6 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.26666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.183332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.26666/lat 28.183332)">Sakinome Beach</a>, Amami-oshima island, Kagoshima, 28°11′N, 128°16′E, 2–3 m, 12 September 1989, M. Aizawa. OKINAWA ISLANDS: KAUM–I. 41905, male, 27.6 mm SL, off <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=128.03334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.5" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 128.03334/lat 26.5)">Nago</a>, Okinawa-jima island, 26°30′N, 128°02′E, 24 March 2011, Y. Sakurai.</p> <p>Non-type material examined. 5 specimens, 20.4– 25.3 mm SL. CAROLINE ISLANDS: NSMT-P 22918, male and female, 20.4–22.0 mm SL, south coast of Eten Island, Chuuk Islands, 0.5 m, 6 July 1982, K. Matsuura. VANUATU: USNM 362385, male and female, 22.1–23.1 mm SL, Fisheries Wharf, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=167.15889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.525" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 167.15889/lat -15.525)">Santo Island</a>, 15°31′30″S, 167°09′32″E, 5 m, 12 May 1997, J. Williams et al.; USNM 344010, male, 25.3 mm SL, Port Narevin, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=169.21138&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.740278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 169.21138/lat -18.740278)">Erromango</a>, 18°44′25″S, 169°12′41″E, 5.5 m, 28 May 1996; J. Williams et al.</p> <p>Diagnosis. A small- to medium-sized species of Enneapterygius with the following combination of characters: 11–13 (mode 12) second dorsal-fin spines; 8–10 (9) third dorsal-fin soft rays; 15–17 (16) pectoral-fin rays; 16–18 (17) anal-fin soft rays; 32–35 (33) scale rows in longitudinal series; 16–19 (17) pored lateral-line scales; 16–19 (18) notched lateral-line scales; 1 scale row between last pored lateral-line scale and first notched lateral-line scale; mandibular pore formula 4–6+1+4–6 (4+1+4); long dorsal-fin spines and rays [e.g., lengths of second spine 8.6–12.6% of SL (mean 10.1%) and third spine 7.2–9.8% of SL (8.5%) in first dorsal fin; first spine 12.8–17.2% of SL (15.2%), second spine 13.8–18.2% of SL (15.9%), and third spine 14.2–18.4% of SL (15.8%) in second dorsal fin; and first soft ray 14.8–19.5% of SL (17.3%), second soft ray 14.7–18.9% of SL (16.9%), and third soft ray 13.9–19.1% of SL (15.9%) in third dorsal fin]; short second dorsal-fin base [25.0–32.9% of SL (mean 29.2%)]; short anal-fin base [36.9–43.5% of SL (mean 40.5%)]; nasal tentacle unbranched, flat, broadened distally (Fig. 8A, B); lower two-thirds of head, including lower half of eye, snout, lips, cheek, and opercle, and pectoral-fin base, dense black in nuptial males; upper head and body reddishbrown in males and females, reddish in nuptial males, with H-shaped and/or upside-down Y-shaped oblique brown bars on lateral surface of body in both sexes; caudal-fin base with vertical brownish band, its width subequal to pupil diameter, and narrow vertical white band behind brownish band in both sexes; narrow, indistinct, white line along posterior margin of black area on pectoral-fin base in nuptial males; pectoral, pelvic, and anal fins reddish in nuptial males; no fins black.</p> <p>Description. In following text, data for the holotype are presented first, followed by paratype data (if different) in parentheses. Counts and measurements of the holotype, paratypes, and non-types are given in Tables 1 –3. The cephalic sensory pore systems of the holotype are illustrated in Fig. 5 A–C; major variation of sensory pores on the occipital region is shown in Fig. 5D.</p> <p>Dorsal fin III, XII, 9 (III, XI–XIII, 8–10); anal fin I, 17 (I, 16–18); 16 (15–17) pectoral-fin rays; 34 (32–35) scale rows in longitudinal series; 17 (16–19) pored lateral-line scales; 17 and 18 (16–19) notched lateral-line scales; 4 (3 or 4) scale rows above first pored lateral-line scale; 3½ and 4 (2½–4) scale rows between first spine base of second dorsal fin and pored lateral-line scale; 3½ (2½–4) scale rows below first notched lateral-line scale; 2½ and 3 (2–3) scale rows above last pored lateral-line scale; 12 (11 or 12) circumpeduncular scales; 4+1+4 (4–6+1+4–6) mandibular pores.</p> <p>Table 1. Continued.</p> <p>1 Including scale counts of right side of body; 2 including data for holotype, paratypes, and non-types; — damaged.</p> <p>1 Includes count of holotype.</p> <p>Body moderately elongate, slightly compressed anteriorly, progressively more compressed posteriorly; dorsal profile of snout not strongly steep. Mouth slightly oblique; posterior margin of maxilla extending slightly beyond vertical drawn through anterior margin of pupil; anterior tip of upper jaw almost reaching as high as ventral margin of orbit. Anterior nostril membranous tube with thin, but distally broadened, unbranched tentacle (Fig. 8A, B); anterior nostril located at level of middle of eye, slightly closer to eye than to upper lip; posterior nostril opening elliptical. Eye oriented dorsolaterally; simple tentacle on posterodorsal margin of eye, its length subequal to length of nostril tentacle. Interorbital space narrow, its width narrower than pupil diameter. Opercular margin extending beyond vertical drawn through base of third spine of first dorsal fin.</p> <p>Lateral line discontinuous, with anterior series of pored scales and posterior series of notched scales; pored scale series ending below membrane between last spine of second dorsal fin and body; notched scale series beginning below last pored scale (or below third or second scale from last pored scale or below a point just posterior to last pored scale) and ending at caudal-fin base; one scale row between posteriormost pored scale and anteriormost notched scale; one additional notched scale present (or scale absent) anterior to 2 (1–4) normal scales followed by series of notched scales. Body scales ctenoid; no scales on head, including maxilla, interorbital space, preopercle, and opercle, pectoral-fin base, pre- and inter-pelvic-fin region, or pre-dorsalfin region; no scales on fin membranes except for basal part of caudal fin.</p> <p>Origin of first dorsal fin at vertical drawn between preopercular and opercular margins; first spine of this fin longest, third spine shortest. Origin of second dorsal fin above fifth (third to fifth) pored lateral-line scale, second (rarely third) spine of this fin longest. Origin of third dorsal fin above 20th (19th to 21st) longitudinal scale; second (or first) ray of this fin longest. Origin of pelvic fin anterior to vertical drawn through base of first spine of first dorsal fin, below posterior edge of preopercle. Base of uppermost pectoral-fin ray below second pored lateral-line scale. Pectoral fin pointing posteriorly, with posterior tip of its longest ray not reaching vertical drawn through origin of third dorsal fin (usually just reaching vertical drawn through base of last spine of second dorsal fin). Origin of anal fin below sixth (fifth to seventh) spine base of second dorsal fin.</p> <p>Color of nuptial male specimens when fresh —Based on color photographs of holotype (Fig. 1A) and 22 paratypes (Fig. 2): lower two-thirds of head, including lower half of eye, snout, lips, cheek, and opercle, and pectoral-fin base, dense black (dark grey with scattered large gray blotches); remaining part of head and body reddish with 11 (9–12) H-shaped and/or upside-down Y-shaped oblique brown bars on lateral surface of body. Narrow, indistinct, white line along posterior margin of black area on pectoral-fin base. Caudal-fin base with vertical brownish band, its width subequal to pupil diameter, and narrow vertical white band behind brownish band. First dorsal fin semi-transparent, yellowish (or reddish) basally and distally; spines reddish. Second dorsal fin semi-transparent with melanophores scattered on basal one-third of fin, forming broad, pale gray band; distal margin of fin grayish. Third dorsal fin semitransparent without distinct bands or stripes. Pectoral fin semi-transparent with red rays. Pelvic fin rays red (or pink). Anal fin red with reddish (or whitish) rays. Caudal fin semitransparent with whitish or reddish rays and without distinct bands or stripes, with reddish ventral margin.</p> <p>. holotype of count Includes</p> <p>1</p> <p>Color in life of nuptial males —Based on several underwater photographs (see Fig. 4): similar to the above, but narrow white line along posterior margin of black area on pectoral-fin base more distinct.</p> <p>Color in life of pale males and females —Based on several underwater photographs (see Figs 2–3): head mottled with brown, white, blue, and green blotches, spots, and lines. Body whitish with 9–12 H-shaped and/or upside-down Yshaped oblique brown bars on lateral surface of body; caudal-fin base with vertical brownish band and narrow vertical white band behind brownish band. First dorsal fin whitish. Second dorsal fin semi-transparent with pale gray band basally. Third dorsal, anal, and caudal fins semi-transparent. Pectoral fin semi-transparent; narrow white line along posterior margin of pectoral-fin base. Color of female specimens when fresh (Fig. 3) similar to their color in life.</p> <p>Color in preservative of nuptial males —Lower two-thirds of head, including lower half of eye, snout, lips, cheek, and opercle, and pectoral-fin base black; remaining part of head and body whitish with oblique grayish bars on lateral surface of body. Caudal-fin base with vertical grayish band. Second dorsal fin semi-transparent, grayish basally. Third dorsal, pectoral, anal, and caudal fins semi-transparent with white rays. Pelvic-fin rays white.</p> <p>Color in preservative of females —Similar to coloration of preserved male specimens, but head and pectoral-fin base pale and mottled with scattered melanophores.</p> <p>Distribution and ecological notes. Currently known from the western Pacific Ocean: Japan, the Caroline Islands, and Vanuatu. In Japanese waters, E. phoenicosoma has been recorded from the Pacific coast of southern Japan, including the Izu Peninsula, Shikoku, and southern Kyushu, and the Ryukyu Islands. This species usually occurs in open tide-pools and areas with strong regular surges generated by wave swells. Individuals usually inhabit the surface of large rocks, but also slits and holes in large rocks, at depths of less than 25 m (usually less than 15 m). Spawning of E. phoenicosoma at Shikoku occurs from early morning until about 10 am starting in June (Ogaya in Takagi et al. 2010; reported as Enneapterygius sp. 1).</p> <p>Etymology. From the Greek “ phoenico ” meaning red and “ soma ” body, in reference to the red body of nuptial males. The name is used as a noun in apposition.</p> <p>Remarks. The nuptial coloration of males of E. phoenicosoma n. sp., including their black head and pectoralfin base and reddish body, is distinct from the coloration of females; however, detailed analyses of 32 morphometric features (listed in Table 1) revealed no other sexual dimorphism.</p> <p>Most specimens of the new species were collected from shallow waters in southern Japan, where it is relatively common. We also found a few specimens from the Caroline Islands and Vanuatu, which we have tentatively identified as belonging to this species. More specimens are required to fully assess the taxonomic status of these specimens from the central western Pacific Ocean, so they are excluded from the type series of E. phoenicosoma.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F56D34B495BFFA5FF453D62B3DCF2CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Motomura, Hiroyuki;Ota, Ryohei;Meguro, Masatoshi;Tashiro, Satokuni	Motomura, Hiroyuki, Ota, Ryohei, Meguro, Masatoshi, Tashiro, Satokuni (2015): Enneapterygius phoenicosoma, a New Species of Triplefin (Tripterygiidae) from the Western Pacific Ocean. Species Diversity 20 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.12782/sd.20.1.001, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12782/sd.20.1.001
9F56D34B4953FFA6FC1A3D02B60AFD2F.text	9F56D34B4953FFA6FC1A3D02B60AFD2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enneapterygius atriceps (Jenkins 1903)	<div><p>Enneapterygius atriceps (Jenkins, 1903)</p> <p>[English name: Hawaiian Blackhead Triplefin]</p> <p>(Figs 6–7, 8 C–D, 9; Tables 1 –3)</p> <p>Tripterygium atriceps Jenkins, 1903: 505, fig. 46 (type locality: Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands).</p> <p>Enneapterygius atriceps: Fricke 1997: 161, 566, figs 25, 26 (Hawaiian Archipelago, including French Frigate Shoals, Laysan Island, and Midway Atoll); Williams and Fricke 2001: 3534 (name only); Fricke 2009: 38 (Hawaiian Islands, north to Midway Atoll); Randall 2007: 373, unnumbered figs (Hawaiian Islands); Meguro and Motomura in Motomura and Matsuura 2010: 6 (name only).</p> <p>Holotype. USNM 50719, male, 22.1 mm SL, Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 1889, O. Jenkins.</p> <p>Non-type material examined. 46 specimens, 14.9– 26.9 mm SL, all from the Hawaiian Archipelago. ANSP 28022, 3 males, 15.7–19.4mm SL, Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 1900, O. Jenkins; ANSP 95035, male and female, 14.9–20.8 mm SL, Waikiki, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 1992, C. Edmondson; BPBM 3465, male, 25.8 mm SL, Waikiki Reef, Honolulu, Oahu, 1923, V. Pietschmann; BPBM 19658, male and female, 19.0– 20.9 mm SL, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, 2 m, 13 September 1975, B. Carlson et al.; BPBM 34846, 13 males and 5 females, 19.5–23.9 mm SL, southeast side of Sand Island, Midway Atoll, 8 m, 16 September 1991, J. Randall et al.; FMNH 47658, male, 22.1 mm SL, Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, April–May 1935, Shedd Aquarium; FMNH 63605, 9 males and 5 females, 17.0– 26.9 mm SL, Kahuku, Oahu, 21 April 1961, L. Woods et al.; ROM 28022, 3 males (one in poor condition, its SL not included), 16.0– 18.5 mm SL, Honolulu, Oahu, US Fish. Commission; ROM 95035, 2 males, 15.6– 20.4 mm SL, Waikiki, Honolulu, Oahu, 1922, C. Edmondson.</p> <p>Diagnosis. A small-sized species of Enneapterygius with the following combination of characters: 12–15 (mode 14) second dorsal-fin spines; 9–11 (9) third dorsal-fin soft rays; 14–17 (15) pectoral-fin rays; 19–21 (19) anal-fin soft rays; 35–37 (36) scale rows in longitudinal series; 17–20 (19) pored lateral-line scales; 16–20 (18) notched lateral-line scales; 1 or 2 scale rows between last pored lateral-line scale and first notched lateral-line scale; mandibular pore formula 4–6+1+4–5 (4+1+4); short dorsal-fin spines and rays [e.g., lengths of second spine 8.0–11.3% of SL (mean 9.2%) and third spine 6.5–9.1% of SL (7.8%) in first dorsal fin; first spine 12.5–14.2% of SL (13.4%), second spine 12.9–15.3% of SL (14.2%), and third spine 13.6–15.8% of SL (14.8%) in second dorsal fin; first soft ray 14.2–17.3% of SL (15.9%), second soft ray 13.6–16.7% of SL (15.6%), and third soft ray 13.4–16.2% of SL (14.8%) in third dorsal fin]; long second dorsal-fin base [27.4–38.1% of SL (mean 31.8%)]; long anal-fin base [39.5–47.5% of SL (mean 43.1%)]; nasal tentacle bilobed (Fig. 8C, D; rarely unbranched; 2 of 47 specimens with unbranched tentacle); lower two-thirds of head, including lower half of eye, snout, lips, cheek, and opercle, and pectoral-fin base dense black in nuptial males; upper head and body reddish-brown in females and males, reddish in nuptial males, with 4–6 H-shaped and/or upside-down Y-shaped oblique brown bars on lateral surface of body; caudal-fin base with vertical brownish band, its width subequal to pupil diameter, narrow vertical white band behind brownish band; narrow, indistinct, white line along posterior margin of black area on pectoral-fin base; no fins black.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the Hawaiian Archipelago (Fricke 1997; this study).</p> <p>Remarks. Counts and measurements of the above-listed holotype and non-types of E. atriceps are given in Tables 1 –3. The cephalic sensory pore system of the species is illustrated in Fig. 7. Color photographs of male and female specimens were published by Randall (2007: 373).</p> <p>Comparisons. Enneapterygius phoenicosoma n. sp. is similar to the Hawaiian endemic species E. atriceps in sharing the following features: 16–20 pored lateral-line scales; a single scale row between the last pored lateral-line scale and the first notched lateral-line scale; the lower two-thirds of the head, including the lower half of the eye, snout, lips, cheek, and opercle, and the pectoral-fin base dense black in nuptial males; the upper head and body reddish in nuptial males but reddish-brown in females and non-nuptial males, with H-shaped or upside-down Y-shaped oblique brown bars on the lateral surface of the body; the caudal-fin base with a vertical brownish band, its width subequal to the pupil diameter, and a vertical narrow white band behind the brownish band; a narrow, indistinct, white line along the posterior margin of the pectoral-fin base; and no black fins. With the exception of E. phoenicosoma and E. atriceps, no nominal species with combination of the above-mentioned characters have been reported in the genus (Fricke 1997; this study).</p> <p>The new species is clearly distinguished from E. atriceps by having a simple nasal tentacle (vs bilobed in the latter; Fig. 8) and 16–18 (mode 17) anal-fin soft rays [vs 19–21 (19); Tables 1–2]. Enneapterygius phoenicosoma further differs from E. atriceps in having 11–13 (mode 12) second dorsal-fin spines [vs 12–15 (14); Tables 1–2], 15–17 (16) pectoral-fin rays [vs 14–17 (15); Tables 1–2], 32–35 (33) scale rows in the longitudinal series [vs 35–37 (36); Tables 1, 3], and 16–19 (17) pored lateral-line scales [vs 17–20 (19); Tables 1, 3].</p> <p>In morphometrics, E. phoenicosoma tends to have slightly longer spines and rays of the dorsal fins than E. atriceps: e.g., lengths of the second spine (mean 10.1% of SL vs 9.2% in E. atriceps; Table 1, Fig. 9A) and third spine (8.5% vs 7.8%; Table 1) in the first dorsal fin; lengths of the first spine (15.2% vs 13.4%; Table 1, Fig. 9B), second spine (15.9% vs 14.2%; Table 1, Fig. 9C), and third spine (15.8% vs 14.8%; Table 1, Fig. 9D) in the second dorsal fin; and the lengths of the first soft ray (17.3% vs 15.9%; Table 1), second ray (16.9% vs 15.6%; Table 1), and third ray (15.9% vs 14.8%; Table 1) in the third dorsal fin. In contrast, the lengths of the second dorsal-fin base and anal-fin base in E. phoenicosoma tend to be slightly shorter than those of E. atriceps (mean 29.2% of SL and 40.5%, respectively, vs 31.8% and 43.1%, respectively, in E. atriceps; Table 1, Fig. 9E, F).</p> <p>Enneapterygius phoenicosoma grows larger than E. atriceps (largest recorded size, 37.2 mm SL vs 26.9 mm SL; this study). Fricke (1997) examined 87 specimens of E. atriceps ranging from 11 to 26 mm SL. On the basis of examination of otoliths of E. atriceps, Longenecker and Langston (2005) determined the age of the oldest individual of E. atriceps as 117 days, with sexual maturity occurring at about 55 days and 15 mm SL. No biological information on E. phoenicosoma is known. These two species are allopatrically distributed in the Pacific Ocean (Fig. 6).</p> <p>Enneapterygius etheostoma (Jordan and Snyder, 1902) co-occurs with E. phoenicosoma through at the entire distributional range of the latter in Japanese waters. Coloration of females and pale males in the two species is very similar to each other either in life or when fresh. Besides the coloration of nuptial males, however, E. phoenicosoma differs from E. etheostoma in the following features: nasal tentacle simple (vs bilobed in the latter), 11–13 (mode 12) second dorsal-fin spines [vs 12–16 (14)], 16–18 (17) anal-fin soft rays [vs 17–20 (19)], 2½–4 (3½) scale rows between base of first spine of second dorsal fin and pored lateral-line scale [vs 4–7½ (6)], and 2–3 (2½) scale rows above last pored lateral-line scale [vs 3½–5½ (4)] (Fricke 1997; Meguro and Motomura unpub. data).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F56D34B4953FFA6FC1A3D02B60AFD2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Motomura, Hiroyuki;Ota, Ryohei;Meguro, Masatoshi;Tashiro, Satokuni	Motomura, Hiroyuki, Ota, Ryohei, Meguro, Masatoshi, Tashiro, Satokuni (2015): Enneapterygius phoenicosoma, a New Species of Triplefin (Tripterygiidae) from the Western Pacific Ocean. Species Diversity 20 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.12782/sd.20.1.001, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12782/sd.20.1.001
