taxonID	type	description	language	source
51AA4AE45DEE5A58B7D5E9EAEB519091.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the terrestrial habitat from where the new species is described. Description. LM (Fig. 3 A-W). Larger valves lanceolate with weakly-protracted apices; smaller valves rhombic-lanceolate, rectangular in girdle view. Apices usually rounded, in larger valves, slightly subcapitate. Valve dimensions (n = 25): length 8.0 - 28.5 μm, width 4.4 - 6.1 μm. Axial area linear, slightly widening towards both the central area and the apices. Central area bow-tie-shaped, often asymmetrical, bordered by shortened striae. One isolated pore present in the central area. Raphe branches straight. Proximal raphe endings unilaterally deflected away from the isolated pore; terminal raphe fissures elongated and hooked. Striae radiate throughout, 20 - 23 in 10 μm. Figure 3. Holotype population of Luticola terrestris Kochman-Kedziora, M. Rybak & Peszek, sp. nov. A-W LM images of valve views X-AF SEM images X-AA external view of an entire valve with several ghost areolae in the central area AB proximal raphe endings AC distal raphe endings AD internal view of an entire valve AE central area, internal view AF valve apex, internal view. Scale bars: 10 µm (A-W), 5 µm (X-AA, AD, AE), 4 µm (AF), 2 µm (AB, AC). Description. SEM (Fig. 3 X - AF). Striae composed of 2 - 4 transapically elongated areolae becoming larger towards the valve margins (Fig. 3 X - AA). One elongated stigma present, positioned in between the proximal raphe endings and the valve face margin (Fig. 3 X-Z). Ghost areolae often present, mainly on a stigma-bearing site (Fig. 3 X, AA). Raphe branches straight. Externally, proximal raphe endings deflected away from the isolated pore-bearing side with small drop-like endings (Fig. 3 AB). Terminal raphe fissures clearly elongated, first curved to the same side as the proximal raphe fissures, then slightly bent to the isolated pore-bearing side. Terminal raphe fissures are towards the valve apices, terminating on the valve face / mantle junction, well after the final row of areolae (Fig. 3 AC). Valve mantle bearing a single row of rounded areolae (Fig. 3 Z, AA). Copulae with single row of areolae (Fig. 3 AA). Internally, areolae occluded by hymenes, forming a continuous strip across each stria (Fig. 3 AD-AF). Internal isolated pore opening rounded, covered by a lipped slit. Proximal and terminal raphe endings weakly deflected towards the pore (Fig. 3 AE), the latter terminating on to small helictoglossae (Fig. 3 AF). Longitudinal channel visible along valve edges (Fig. 3 AE, AF).	en	Rybak, Mateusz, Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Peszek, Lukasz (2021): Description of four new terrestrial diatom species from Luticola and Microcostatus genera from South Africa. PhytoKeys 182: 1-26, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326
A8F7398855D2508C9660DAE51E726B65.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the size and shape of valve apices. Description. LM (Fig. 1 A-V). Valves linear-lanceolate to lanceolate with convex margins and clearly protracted, capitate, small apices, rectangular in girdle view. The width of apices is approximately one third of the valve width. Valve dimensions (n = 25): length 14.0 - 24.0 μm, width 4.5 - 6.6 μm. Axial area linear, narrow. An isolated pore present in the central area, located halfway between valve margin and proximal raphe endings. Central area rectangular to slightly bow-tie-shaped and asymmetric, bordered on both sides with 3 - 4 areolae. Irregularly-scattered areolae and shallow depressions present in the central area. Raphe branches straight, proximal raphe endings deflecting away from isolated pore. Transapical striae radiate throughout, 19 - 22 in 10 μm. Figure 1. A-AD Holotype population of Luticola microcephala M. Rybak, Peszek & Kochman-Kedziora, sp. nov. A-V LM images of valve views W-AD SEM images W-X external view of valves Y external view of frustule girdle view Z partial valve view and girdle view of middle frustule section AA central area with several shallow depressions AB raphe structure with detailed view on distal raphe endings AC proximal raphe endings AD internal view of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (A-Y), 5 µm (Z-AA), 4 µm (AB), 3 µm (AC, AD). Description. SEM (Fig. 1 W - AD). Externally, striae composed of 1 - 4 areolae, decreasing from 3 - 4 in striae next to the central area to only one next to the apices. Areolae elongated, becoming larger towards the valve margin (Fig. 1 W, X, AA, AB). On both sides, the central area bordered by 3 round, isolated areolae. Several ghost areolae present in the central area (Fig. 1 AA, AC). Raphe branches positioned on the slightly raised sternum (Fig. 1 Z). Proximal raphe endings shortly bent away from the small, round isolated pore (Fig. 1 AA, AC). Distal raphe fissures hooked, first deflected towards the same side as the proximal raphe endings, then hooked towards the opposite side, continuing on to the mantle (Fig. 1 W, X, AB). Single row of large, usually elongated areolae present on the mantle (Fig. 1 Y). Only close to the apices and in the central part of the valve, areolae becoming smaller and rounded (Fig. 1 Y, Z). Copulae numerous with 1 to 3 rows of areolae (Fig. 1 Z). Internally, areolae occluded by hymenes forming continuous strip (Fig. 1 AD). Isolated pore opening rounded, covered by a lipped slit (Fig. 1 AD). Longitudinal channel visible internally along valve edges.	en	Rybak, Mateusz, Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Peszek, Lukasz (2021): Description of four new terrestrial diatom species from Luticola and Microcostatus genera from South Africa. PhytoKeys 182: 1-26, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326
91551BEF3C8452FD95598D310116F316.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the species asymmetry in valve outline and proximal raphe endings. Description. LM (Fig. 2 A-R). Valves weakly asymmetric with convex margins, rectangular in girdle view. Larger valves lanceolate with protracted, subrostrate apices; smaller valves elliptic-lanceolate to rhombic lanceolate with broadly-rounded apices. Valve dimensions (n = 25): length 12.5 - 36.0 μm, width 6.0 - 8.0 μm. Axial area linear, slightly widening towards both the central area and the apices. Central area bow-tie-shaped, bordered by 3 - 5 shortened striae. One isolated pore present in the central area. Raphe branches straight. Proximal raphe endings unilaterally deflected away from the isolated pore. Terminal raphe fissures elongated, hooked. Striae radiate throughout, 17 - 20 in 10 µm. Figure 2. Holotype population of Luticola asymmetrica M. Rybak, Kochman-Kedziora & Peszek, sp. nov. A-R LM images of valve views S-Z SEM images S-V external view of an entire valve W internal valve face view of an entire valve X-Y different shape of proximal raphe endings Z distal raphe endings. Scale bars: 10 µm (A-T), 5 µm (U-Z). Description. SEM (Fig. 2 S-Z). Striae composed of 2 - 5 elongated areolae. Areolae close to the valve margin larger (Fig. 2 S, T, Z). Usually 3 - 5 isolated areolae positioned on both sites in central area, close to the valve margin. Small, round isolated pore located in the central area, halfway between the valve margin and proximal raphe endings (Fig. 2 S-U, X, Y). In some specimens, small, irregular depressions present on the valve face producing uneven appearance of the valve face (Fig. 2 S, X-Z). Raphe branches straight. Proximal raphe fissures long, unilaterally deflected to the side opposite to stigma and expanded into small pores. In some specimens, proximal raphe endings asymmetrical (Fig. 2 T, U, X, Y). Distal raphe fissures hooked towards opposite side, terminating shortly before valve edge (Fig. 2 S-V, Z). Distal raphe fissures interrupting row of areolae on the valve mantle (Fig. 2 Z). One row of round areolae present on the valve mantle (Fig. 2 T-V). Copulae with 2 rows of areolae (Fig. 2 V). Internally, areolae occluded by hymenes forming irregular strip. Isolated pore opening rounded, covered by a lipped slit (Fig. 2 W).	en	Rybak, Mateusz, Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Peszek, Lukasz (2021): Description of four new terrestrial diatom species from Luticola and Microcostatus genera from South Africa. PhytoKeys 182: 1-26, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326
910D55F3F3F35BD6A9768C0CD2FC9221.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name refers to the area from where the new species is described (lat. meridional - southern). Description. LM (Fig. 4 A-O). Valves lanceolate to elliptical-lanceolate with convex valve margins. Valve dimensions (n = 25): length 7.5 - 14.0 µm, width 3.5 - 4.5 µm. Striae in light microscopy invisible. Raphe branches straight. Raphe located in elevated sternum, asymmetrically concave at the centre. Proximal raphe endings clearly visible, drop-like in shape and widely spaced. Distal raphe endings barely visible, curved in the same direction. Figure 4. Holotype population of Microcostatus meridionalis Peszek, M. Rybak & Kochman-Kedziora, sp. nov. A-O LM images of valve views P-AA SEM images P-T images of entire valve external views U-Z view on valve central area and valve apices AA internal view of valve. Scale bars: 10 µm (A-O), 5 µm (P, Q), 4 µm (R), 3 µm (S-U, Y-AA), 2 µm (V, W), 1 µm (X). Description. SEM (Fig. 4 P - AA). Longitudinal depressions present next to the sternum (Fig. 4 P-U). Striae strongly radiating (36 - 42 in 10 µm), composed of one row of square to rounded areolae, externally not occluded, except central area (Fig. 4 P-X). Central area large, lanceolate in shape, composed of fully externally silicified areolae composing striae (Fig. 4 P-T, X). Raphe straight, filiform, located in raised and asymmetrically-constricted sternum (Fig. 4 P-V, Y, Z). Proximal raphe fissures slightly asymmetrical drop-shape (Fig. 4 U, Y, Z). Distal raphe fissures hooked and deflected to the same direction (Fig. 4 V, X-Z). Transverse microcostae most prominent at the area near to valve margin (area of striae not covered by silica) (Fig. 4 U-Y). A row of rounded to slightly elongated pores (3 - 5) present on the valve mantle, at the valve apices (Fig. 4 U, Y, Z). Internally areolae occluded by hymenes. Raphe branches straight, forming small and elongated helictoglossae on distal endings, proximal endings drop-shaped. The central area is broad, corresponds in shape to external depression (Fig. 4 AA).	en	Rybak, Mateusz, Kochman-Kedziora, Natalia, Peszek, Lukasz (2021): Description of four new terrestrial diatom species from Luticola and Microcostatus genera from South Africa. PhytoKeys 182: 1-26, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.181.65326
