taxonID	type	description	language	source
83251E07FFD7FFEFFF7BFDB4FD12564A.taxon	discussion	Comments. The subspecies A. crassicauda crassicauda is known from the Sinai Peninsula (Egypt) across the entire Middle East (Israel, Jordan, Syria, Turkey (southeastern Anatolia), Iraq), the Arabian Peninsula, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran (Fet & Lowe, 2000). We found this buthid species only in Aran village and in the desert. In the first locality, the scorpions where found inside farmhouses whereas in the desert (sites with rare bushes present) we collected specimens which exhibited exploratory activity. The extreme anthropotolerance of this species is well known (Crucitti & Cicuzza, 2000, 2001; Crucitti & Vignoli, 2002), but the localized and scattered distribution we noted was curious. We collected seven adult specimens. Five of them were found inside and around Aziz Abad, some between buildings, the other on sandy substrates far away from human settlements. Two specimens were collected in Aran village inside inhabited houses. Our data give evidence of the high adaptation of this species and confirm that this representative of the genus Androctonus is a generalist desert species (Fet et al., 1998). We did not collect live specimens in the suburbs of Kashan city but cuticle pieces of a dead adult specimen were found.	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
83251E07FFD7FFEFFE89F996FBA7527E.taxon	discussion	Comments. Recently described for a locality close to Kashan (Jafar Abad) as a species belonging to “ Compsobuthus werneri group ”, with internal and external granules on movable finger of pedipalp, which bears 11 – 13 rows of granules; fourth and fifth metasomal segment are darker in colour and sexual dimorphism is reduced (Kovařík, 2003). This species was collected in all the studied localities, excluding Aran village and represents, according to our results, a common and eurytopic species. Six specimens were found in different habitats, such as at the base of dry stone walls and in sandy areas, active on the surface and under stones.	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
83251E07FFD7FFEFFCE9FDE2FC5A554F.taxon	discussion	Comments. According to Fet & Lowe (2000), Compsobuthus matthiesseni is recorded from many localities in southwestern Iran, southeastern Turkey and eastern Iraq, all in the Tigris-Euphrates drainage (see Sissom & Fet 1998: 2, fig. 1). We expected to encounter this species in Kashan because this locality is given in literature (Sissom & Fet, 1998). Two adults (♂ total length: 30 mm; ♀ total length: 27 mm) were collected in Kashan city on hard soil between stones during night activity. The specimens are characterized by the evident morphological features of this taxon as the extreme sexual dimorphism, represented by the slender body of the male. Our specimens lack the dark spots, which are considered diagnostic for this taxon (Lourenço & Vachon, 2001), and are uniformly light yellow as the lectotype from Qom Province (central Iran) described by Sissom & Fet (1998).	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
83251E07FFD7FFE8FC25FA9DFE83549B.taxon	discussion	Comments. This monotypic genus was described recently (Kovařík, 1997) and the type locality is Sivand Village situated in the Fars province, which was hitherto the only known distribution locality. Kashan is located more than 300 km further north, and this site extends the distribution area of this species. Six specimens were collected, four adults and two subadults. Several specimens were seen during night in “ sit-and-wait ” behavior; they were concentrate inside a rudimental drystone wall, 1 km east outside the city, between a road and a rocky desert (hammada) with little arid bushes. The scorpions were extremely fast and therefore difficult to catch. The other specimens (Nos. 08, 14) were collected inside city, around semi derelict buildings and walls on the entry of their refuges. I. krali was never found in the other localities we examined, as sandy desert habitats and other villages; moreover, this large scorpion (total length range: 53 – 74 mm) was never found together with Androctonus crassicauda.	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
83251E07FFD0FFE8FE98FB4EFBC2544A.taxon	discussion	Comments. This scorpion species, which exhibits a highly adapted, peculiar morphology, is easy to distinguish due to its stocky pedipalps and large median eyes (Vachon, 1974). This rare species, endemic to Central Asian and Iranian deserts, was found only in few localities in Turkmenistan and southeastern and eastern Iran (Vachon, 1974; Fet, 1984, 1987, 1989; Fet & Lowe, 2000; Fet et al., 2003); the knowledge of its ecology is very poor (Fet, 1994). One subadult specimen (total length, 17 mm) was collected active between stones on hard soil at the border of Kashan city, where we also collected Compsobuthus kaftani and Mesobuthus vesiculatus. This finding enlarges the geographical distribution from the eastern side of the Kavir desert to the western border of the main desert. The relation of this scorpion with extreme habitats as halophile zones is supported by the presence of a large salt lake (Namak lake), about 50 km more to East; besides, this species could be considered not associated exclusively to salt lake habitats (Fet, 1994).	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
83251E07FFD0FFE8FC02FB95FA8755D5.taxon	discussion	Comments. This species of Buthidae has an enormous geographic range in the arid zone of Asia (Kovařík, 1997; Gromov, 2001), and is considered as one of the most common species in the entire Iran (Farzanpay & Pretzmann, 1974; Tirgari & Zargan, 2002).	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
83251E07FFD0FFEAFC02FA10FE0151C8.taxon	discussion	Comments. Scorpions of medium size (total length: No. 10, 56 mm; 11, 46 mm; 22, 51 mm). The type locality of this species (“ Astracan ”, Iran) is not clear (Fet & Lowe, 2000). Apart from the types, there are only specimens identified by Whittick as Buthus gabrielis Werner, 1929, a junior synonym of M. vesiculatus. Fet & Lowe (2000: 181) listed specimens from Teheran and Comments. Androctonus amoreuxi baluchicus (Pocock, 1900) listed for the region by Kovarík (1997: 39) was an immature specimen that subsequently turned out to be an atypically colored Androctonus crassicauda. Deghani et al. (1998) listed for the region also Orthochirus scrobiculosus (Grube, 1873). This is probably a case of mistaken identity as well, as the record appears to concern a hitherto undescribed species of Orthochirus. The second author (FK) is revising this genus and his work indicates several new species from Iran. Isfahan (Esfahan). Kashan is located between these two towns. These specimens were compared by one of us (FK) with the paratype (No. 1893.10.29.6) of Mesobuthus vesiculatus from the Natural History Museum, London. The species is well characterized by its inflated telson and a very short aculeus.	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
83251E07FFD2FFEAFF60FE1CFD2A54EE.taxon	discussion	Comments. Five juvenile specimens (No. 19 total length: 26 mm; No. 20 total length: 22 mm; No. 17 total length: 27 mm) where found. Morphology characters as presence of bristlecombs on legs (the specimen 23 from Main Abad lacks bristlecombs), two ventral denticles on cheliceral fixed finger, and 15 slightly oblique rows on pedipalp chela fingers, demonstrate that we have collected Polisius persicus Fet et al., 2001. This psammophilous scorpion was collected in different sites; in Aziz Abad and Main Abad, they where found under stones in sandy areas, while another specimen was collected in the suburbs of Kashan city active on hard soil near ploughed fields. The species was described from Baluchistan Province (SE Iran), and this new locality allows to suggest a larger geographical distribution of this genus in sandy areas of central Iran (Kavir and Lut Deserts).	en	Vignoli, Valerio, Kovařík, František, Crucitti, Pierangelo (2003): Scorpiofauna of Kashan (Esfahan Province, Iran) (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius 9: 1-7, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss9.1, URL: https://mds.marshall.edu/euscorpius/vol2003/iss9/1/
