taxonID	type	description	language	source
03FC0D62C468FF94A1F9A8CADECF2230.taxon	description	Borg (1932) recorded this species as very common in both Malta and Gozo. Malta was also included in its distribution range by Borchsenius (1960). The record of Asphodelococcus berlesii Buffa (Pseudococcidae) for Malta in Danzig & Watson (2014) is an erroneous combination and refers to this aclerdid species.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C468FF94A1F9A8CADECF2230.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Valletta, x. 1919, 2 ♀♀ on Arundo donax, PB (BMNH); Għajn Riħana, 17. v. 2012, 6 ♀♀ on A. donax, AR, DM & GM; Qawra, 15. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on A. donax, CM; Floriana, St. Philip’s Garden, 18. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on A. donax, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C468FF94A1F9AE9AD9502110.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Asterolecanium ilicicola) as a rare species occurring “ here and there on Quercus ilex at Wardija, Buskett and Wied Ħazrun ”. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C468FF94A1F9AD42DC8E2015.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Attard, San Anton Gardens, 19. v. 2012, 10 ♀♀ on Bambusa sp., DM, GM & AR.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C468FF93A1F9AC4CD8EE27EA.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Haber & Mifsud (2007) as relatively common on Olea europea. In unpublished correspondence by D. J. Williams of the Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London to J. M. Wilkinson of the Government of	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C468FF93A1F9AC4CD8EE27EA.taxon	description	Malta, dated 4 th February 1970, the presence of this scale insect was confirmed from material collected in Malta at that time, indicating its presence in Malta earlier than the records in Haber & Mifsud (2007).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46FFF93A1F9A9AFDDF52407.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Lija, 18. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Citrus reticulata, DM; Bir id-Deheb, 27. iii. 94, 4 ♀♀ on Cydonia oblonga, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46FFF93A1F9A8B3D92F2246.taxon	discussion	Another Neotropical introduction, first recorded by Borg (1898). Borg’s (1919; 1922 a: 85) records of Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock represent misidentifications of C. rusci (Ben-Dov et al., 2014). Borg (1922 a: 85) wrote that this scale “ has been introduced in these islands probably towards 1905, and sometimes is common on the false pepper (Schinus molle) and on the quince, but has not been noticed on Citrus trees ”. He also recorded it as rather rare on pear (Borg, 1922 a: 242) and on strawberry (Borg, 1922 a: 621). Borg (1932) stated that it was “ very common on the common Fig (Ficus carica) and on the Custard Apple (Annona cherimolia), in both islands. It is also frequent on the Quince, the Vine and the Apple. It is rare on Citrus trees, the Pear, and on certain creepers, such as Ipomoea, Phaseolus caracalla, etc. ” Saliba (1963) stated that this scale was very common on apple, citrus, fig, mulberry and pear. It was recorded again by Farrugia (1998) and Mifsud et al. (2012).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46FFF93A1F9A8B3D92F2246.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Żejtun, 10. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Citrus limon, DM; Żejtun, 11. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on C. sinensis, DM; Chadwick lakes, 12. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Ficus carica, GW; Rabat 12. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Pittosporum sp., GW; Buskett, 24. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Pistacia lentiscus, DM; Mellieħa, 8. x. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Ficus carica, MS.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46FFF93A1F9AEF3D975216E.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) stated that this scale has been present in Malta since 1912, with records from Schinus molle and the common fig from Ħamrun and Birkirkara. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46FFF92A1F9AD9BDE6626ED.taxon	discussion	Borg (1898; 1919; 1922 a: 83) recorded this scale (as Lecanium hesperidum) as fairly common on citrus trees. Borg (1932) recorded it as “ frequent and often common in summer on Citrus trees. Found also on several ornamental trees and climbers ”, whereas Saliba (1963) stated that it was occasionally found on mulberry. Coccus hesperidum was recorded again by Farrugia (1998) and Mifsud et al. (2012).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46FFF92A1F9AD9BDE6626ED.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Żejtun, 10. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Citrus limon, DM; Żejtun, 11. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on C. sinensis, DM; Mosta, 12. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, SC; Burmarrad, 14. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Chamerops sp., DM; Bir id-Deheb, 20. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Eriobotrya japonica, DM; Marsa, 21. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Nerium oleander, DM; Żejtun, 29. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Ficus nitida, DM; Wied Babù, 17. iv. 1994, 1 ♀ on Rhamnus oleoides, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 7. iii. 1995, 3 ♀♀ on Laurus nobilis, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 12. xi. 1996, 2 ♀♀ on Nerium oleander, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 5. iii. 1997, 1 ♀ on C. aurantium, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 3. iv. 1997, 3 ♀♀ on C. aurantium, CF; Valletta, Upper Barrakka Gardens, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Cycas sp., CM; Valletta, Upper Barrakka Gardens, 13. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on L. nobilis, CM; Bugibba, 14. ii. 2014, 2 ♀♀ on Citrus sinensis, CM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2014, 2 ♀♀ on L. nobilis, CM; Qawra, 15. ii. 2014, 2 ♀♀ on Schinus terebinthifolius, CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, 1 ♀ on C. limon, CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2014, 2 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM; Attard, San Anton Gardens, 19. v. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on Citrus, AR, DM & GM. GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on L. nobilis, SA; Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on C. sinensis, GW.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46FFF93A1F9AA17DE5526CA.taxon	discussion	This species is not native to the Mediterranean basin. Stumpf & Lambdin (2006) said it had been reported from Malta, but gave no further details on the source of this information. Russellaspis pustulans is present also in Cyprus, Egypt, Israel and Italy in the Mediterranean region (Ben-Dov et al., 2014). No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF92A1F9A919D818259A.taxon	materials_examined	This cryptogenic tropical to subtropical species is an established introduction. Material examined: MALTA, Żejtun, 13. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Laurus nobilis, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF92A1F9A9C1DFAF2498.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) stated that this species (as Eulecanium coryli (Linnaeus )) had been “ long known to exist on the Peartree in most gardens and groves where this fruit tree is grown, but is far from common, except in very sheltered situations ”. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF92A1F9A8CAD86823F8.taxon	discussion	This species was correctly recorded by Borg (1919). Borg’s (1932) record of Philippia oleae (Costa) was a misidentification and should refer to Filippia follicularis (Ben-Dov et al., 2014). Borg (1932) stated that the species was found “ here and there on the olive tree in both islands; more frequent at St. Julian’s, Sliema and San Anton Gardens ”. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF92A1F9AE2AD80522D8.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) said that Lichtensia viburni was present here and there on olive trees on both islands, more frequently in St. Julian’s, Sliema and San Anton Garden. Haber & Mifsud (2007) recorded it as widely distributed in the Maltese Islands.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF92A1F9AE2AD80522D8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Qawra, 16. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on Olea europaea, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF92A1F8AD17DE5521CA.taxon	discussion	Borg (1919) recorded this species as Lecanium corni and stated that it might be considered as one of the rarer species. Borg (1932) recorded it as Eulecanium corni and said that it was “ an uncommon species occasionally met with on the Peach, Maclura aurantiaca, Rose and other non-specified host plants ”. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF91A1F9AC77DD8527E8.taxon	discussion	Borg’s (1919) record of Lecanium nigrofasciatum Pergande was a misidentification of P. persicae (Ben-Dov et al., 2014). Borg (1932) recorded it (as Eulecanium persicae) as rare in Malta, on peaches and nectarine at Attard, Lija, Birkirkara, Sliema and other non-specified localities.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46EFF91A1F9AC77DD8527E8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Rabat, 13. vi. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Morus sp., JI; Qawra, 16. ii. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on unidentified Fabaceae, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9AA27DF3526DA.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Mifsud & Porcelli (2011).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9AA27DF3526DA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Vittoriosa, 16. ii. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on Hedera helix, CM; Vittoriosa, 16. ii. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on Schefflera actinophylla, CM; Floriana, St. Philip’s Garden, 18. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on H. helix, CM; Attard, San Anton Gardens, 19. v. 2012, on Myrtus communis, DM, GM & AR.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9A910D80F25EB.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as being frequent on orange and bay trees at San Anton Gardens and its neighbourhood in Spring and early Summer, but much less frequent later in the season.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9A910D80F25EB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Pittosporum sp., GW.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9A821DD7B24D5.taxon	discussion	Borg (1919; 1922 a: 595) recorded this species as occasionally present in vineyards. Borg (1932) indicated the species was rare, occurring on grape vines at Għajn Żnuber, Għajn Tuffieħa and Baħrija. It was recorded again by Saliba (1963) as fairly common on vines, and by Vella (1991). No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9AF13DC9323EA.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species as “ common on Mesembryanthemum acinaciforme and other species, at Buskett, Floriana Gardens etc. Found also at Xlendi etc. in Gozo ”. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9AE20D81D2243.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: GOZO, Xlendi, 29. iv. 2012, 12 ♀♀ on Phagnalon rupestre, SM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9AEF9D93521C6.taxon	discussion	Borg (1898; 1919) recorded this species as Lecanium hemisphaericum Targ. and Borg (1932) as Saissetia hemisphaerica (Targioni Tozzetti). The latter report stated that it is “ frequent, and often common, on Schinus molle, Antigonon leptopus, species of Begonia and Aralia, Ferns, Cestrum fastigiatum, Cycas revoluta, etc. Rare on Citrus trees. ” Saliba (1963) recorded it as fairly common on citrus. Ferns are a favoured host of this insect.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF91A1F9AEF9D93521C6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Bir id-Deheb, 27. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Dieffenbachia sp., DM; Żejtun, 13. xi. 2004, 2 ♀♀ on Phalenopsis sp., DM; Qawra, 12. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on Olea europaea, CM; Qawra, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Adiantum capillus-veneris, CM. GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on A. capillus-veneris, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF90A1F9AC7FDF0A2595.taxon	discussion	Borg (1898; 1919) recorded this species (as Lecanium oleae) as an important pest affecting citrus and to a lesser extent olive cultivation. Borg (1922 a: 83) wrote that this scale was “ very common everywhere in our groves, and is also found on the Olive, stone-fruit-trees, and many ornamental trees and shrubs, as well as on Capsicums and other annuals ” and was also found on pear growing near citrus (Borg, 1922 a: 242) and on cherries (Borg, 1922 a: 381). Borg (1932) described S. oleae as very common on citrus and olive trees, Cycas revoluta, Abutilon, Hibiscus, Myrtus, Nerium oleander, Pistacia lentiscus, P. terebinthus, Punica granatum, and other non-specified host plants. Saliba (1963) stated that it was very common on orange, fairly common on other citrus, apple, pear, olive, cherry and mulberry. More recently, it was recorded again by Farrugia (1998), Haber & Mifsud (2007) & Mifsud et al. (2012).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46DFF90A1F9AC7FDF0A2595.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Rabat, Buskett, 9. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Olea europaea, DM; Żejtun, 10. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Citrus limon, DM; Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Pittosporum sp., CC; Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Cycas revoluta, GW; Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Euonymus sp., CC; Marsa, 13. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Casuarina sp., GW; Marsa, 13. iii. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on O. europaea, BW; Marsa, 13. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Citrus sp., GW; Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on Howeia foersteriana, GW; Wied Babù, 17. vi. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Rhamnus oleoides, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 7. xi. 1996, 6 ♀♀ on O. europaea, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 24. iii. 1997, 4 ♀♀ on O. europaea, CF; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Nerium oleander, CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on O. europaea, CM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on O. europaea, CM; Attard, San Anton Gardens, 19. v. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Myrtus communis, AR, GM & DM. GOZO, Victoria, 17. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Nerium oleander, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9A80BDF7E2486.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as being frequently found on Erica multiflora at Buskett, Wardija and Wied Incita. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9AF3CD8DC2397.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as being frequently or commonly found wherever Laurus nobilis grows.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9AF3CD8DC2397.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Buskett, 24. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Laurus nobilis, MS; Valletta, Upper Barrakka Gardens, 13. ii. 2012, 7 ♀♀ on L. nobilis, CM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 10 ♀♀ on L. nobilis, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9AFD2DE312253.taxon	discussion	Recorded as Aonidia? mediterranea by Nucifora & Watson (2001) from material collected by DM on Cupressus sempervirens, in Mosta, Malta, 13. iii. 1994.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9AE89D8832037.taxon	discussion	First reported as occurring in Malta by Leonardi (1920). Borg (1932) wrote that this species seemed to be of recent importation and was frequently found on citrus trees. It was also recorded by Saliba (1963) (as Anidiella aurantii) as common on oranges, and again by Farrugia (1998).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9AE89D8832037.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Żejtun, 10. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Citrus limon, DM; Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Ficus carica, DM; Marsa, 13. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Citrus spp., DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 24. ii. 1997, 1 ♀ on Morus sp., CF; Valletta, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Euonymus japonica, CM; Floriana, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on E. japonica, CM; Bugibba, 14. ii. 2012, 8 ♀♀ on E. japonica, Rosa sp. and C. sinensis CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, 8 ♀♀ on C. sinensis and C. limon, CM; Attard, San Anton Gardens, 19. v. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on Citrus sp., AR, DM & GM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9AC72D80D20CC.taxon	discussion	Recorded from the Maltese Islands for the first time in FaEu (Danzig & Watson, 2014), based on the material listed below.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C46CFF90A1F9AC72D80D20CC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: GOZO, Xewkija, 16. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Hedera helix, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9ABAAD89024FA.taxon	discussion	Borg (1898; 1919) recorded this species under three different names: Aspidiotus hederae, A. limon and A. nerii. Borg (1922 a: 77, 242, 337, 381) recorded it (as Aspidiotus limonii Signoret) being “ very prevalent in our Citrus groves; as common on pear; a frequent source of trouble on our peach and nectarine trees; and as common on cherries ”. Borg (1932) recorded this species as “ very common on ivy, oleander, acacias, olive trees, carob trees, lemon trees, cycads, agave, roses, caper bush, etc ”. It was also recorded by Saliba (1963) as common on almond, cherry, citrus, carob, mulberry, peach, pear and plum. Haber & Mifsud (2007) said that the scale was rather frequent on Malta, Gozo and Comino.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9ABAAD89024FA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Buskett, 9. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Olea europaea, DM; Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Pittosporum sp., GW; Mosta, 12. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on O. europaea, SC; Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on O. europaea, BW; Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 7 ♀♀ on Dracaena, GW; Burmarrad, 14. iii. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on Chamaerops, DM; Mosta, 16. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Pittosporum sp., GW; Mistra Valley, 24. iv. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Ceratonia siliqua, DM; Mosta, 23. vi. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Asparagus sp., DM; Mosta, 23. vi. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Hedera helix, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 7. xi. 1996, 4 ♀♀ on O. europaea, CF; Wied Ħas-Sabtan, 20. xii. 1996, 6 ♀♀ on Teucrium flavum, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 24. ii. 1997, 4 ♀♀ on Morus sp., CF; Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 7 ♀♀ on Euonymus sp., CC; Marsa, Għammieri, 9. i. 1999, 1 ♀ on Ceratonia siliqua, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 23. ii. 2007, 5 ♀♀ on O. europaea, DM; Qawra, 12. ii. 2012, 6 ♀♀ on O. europea and Pittosporum tobira, CM; Valletta, Upper Barrakka Gardens, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on P. tobira, CM; Valletta, St. John Square, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Strelitzia, CM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 6 ♀♀ on Nerium oleander and Cycas revoluta, CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on O. europaea, CM; Vittoriosa, 16. ii. 2012, 12 ♀♀ on O. europaea, Hedera helix and Yucca sp., CM; Floriana, St. Philip’s Garden, 18. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on Nerium oleander, CM; Sliema, 18. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Strelitzia, CM. GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Howardia, JC; Xewkija, 16. iii. 1994, 9 ♀♀ on Erica multiflora, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9AF21DE55239D.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as frequent and injurious on roses, particularly on climbers. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9AFC9D82622FD.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Diaspis visci (Schr.) Linding.) as frequent on Cupressus sempervirens, Juniperus virginiana, Callitris quadrivalvis and Thuja occidentalis. It was also recorded by Danzig & Pellizari (1998), who gave no further details.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9AFC9D82622FD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Cedrus atlantica, GW.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9AD29D9D12070.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Danzig & Watson (2014) as present in Malta, based on the first sample listed below.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9AD29D9D12070.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 8 ♀♀ on Cupressus sempervirens, DM; Dingli, 13. vi. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 7. xi. 1996, 4 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 15. ii. 1997 5 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, DM; Valletta, St. John Square, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CM; Bugibba, 14. ii. 2012, 8 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 14 ♀♀ on Thuja sp., CM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 12 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CM; Rabat, 15. ii. 2012, 6 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CM; Floriana, St. Philip’s Garden, 18. ii. 2012, 11 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CM. GOZO, Victoria, 17. ii. 2012, 22 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C463FF9FA1F9AC41D8B220E0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Marsaxlokk, 17. v. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on Tamarix africana, DM, AR & GM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9ABAADF152620.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as frequent on Salix spp., Populus spp., Pyrus sorbus, Fraxinus excelsior and Ulmus spp. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9AA5FDFFC2536.taxon	discussion	Reported by Saliba (1963) as fairly common on citrus.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9AA5FDFFC2536.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Żejtun, 24. ii. 2007, 9 ♀♀ on Citrus limon, DM; Żejtun, 2. ii. 2007, 3 ♀♀ on C. aurantium, DM; Vittoriosa, 16. ii. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on Ficus benjamina, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9A963D91E24AA.taxon	discussion	Borg (1919; 1922 a: 78) wrote that “ this scale has been introduced in Malta from Catania (Sicily) in 1911 on rosebushes and other ornamental plants, and in three or four years it has spread with marvellous rapidity to most groves and gardens in the island ”. Borg (1922 a: 242) said that it was often troublesome to pear cultivation. Borg (1932) stated that it was especially injurious to lemon trees and roses, often killing them, and that it was also frequent on Gozo. Saliba (1963) recorded this species as common on citrus and occasional on pear.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9A963D91E24AA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 12. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Citrus sinensis, SC; Marsa, Għammieri, 13. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on C. sinensis and C. auranti, DM; Vittoriosa, 16. ii. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on Ficus benjamina, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9A8D7DF7E238A.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Aspidiotus ostraeformis) as common on Populus alba, Morus papyrifera, M. alba, M. nigra, Crataegus oxyacantha, C. azalorus, Ficus carica, F. elastica, F. dealbata, Acacia cyanophylla, A. saligna, A. eburnean and Wigandia caracasana. Saliba (1963) recorded this scale as occasional on fig and mulberry. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9AE37DFFF22B2.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Aspidiotus pyri) as infrequent on apple and pear trees at Balzan, Lija and Attard. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9AEDFDC93215A.taxon	discussion	Reported by Saliba (1963) as occasional on grape vines. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9AD87D81D2002.taxon	materials_examined	This scale was recorded from Malta by Danzig & Pellizzari (1998); no further details were provided. Material examined: MALTA, Qawra, 12. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on unhealthy palm, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C462FF9EA1F9AC54DFFE20D3.taxon	discussion	Diaspis bromeliae was recorded from Malta by Danzig & Pellizzari (1998), who did not provide any collection details. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9ABAAD8B12658.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Diaspis calyptroides Costa), occurring on Cereus peruvianus, C. grandiflorus, C. macdonaldi, Echinopsis eyriesii and various species of Opuntia.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9ABAAD8B12658.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Siggiewi, 19. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Zygocactus truncatus, SA; Għargħur, 11. viii. 1994, 11. viii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Opuntia sp., DM; Qawra, 17. ii. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on Opuntia sp., CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9AA8ADF15255D.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Chionaspis berlesei Leon.) on Asparagus aphyllus, A. acutifolius and Smilax aspera, from Wied Incita, Iklin, Wied il-Għasel on Malta; and from Mgarr ix-Xini, Ta’ Cenc and Nadur on Gozo. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9A991D8DA2430.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Wied il-Għasel, 19. i. 1997, 4 ♀♀ on Hyporrhenia huta, CF.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9A868DD7B231F.taxon	discussion	Borg (1919) recorded this species as Epidiaspis piricola del Guercio and reported its presence in crevices and depressions of the bark of plums, peaches, apple and other fruit trees. It was recorded again by Borg (1932) (as Diaspis leperii) and Saliba (1963) on apple, pear and plum. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9AF57D8B42242.taxon	discussion	Borg (1922 b; 1932) gave an account of the introduction of this species to Malta and recorded it on Camellia japonica, Howeia spp. and other palms, fruits and leaves of citrus, and on evergreen woody shrubs at the following localities: Argotti Botanical Gardens (Floriana), San Anton Gardens (Attard), Lija, Mosta and other non-specified locations.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9AF57D8B42242.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on Camellia sp., GW; Sliema, 2. xi. 1995, 5 ♀♀ on Strelitzia reginae, EL; Attard, San Anton Gardens, 19. v. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on Howeia sp., AR, DM & GM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9AEF5DF152170.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Hemiberlesia minima), as frequently found on Quercus ilex at Buskett and Wardija. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9AD9DD89B20E4.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Aspidiotus cyanophylli) on Annona cherimolia, Brachychiton populneum, Aralia veitchi, A. elegantissima, Monstera deliciosa, Anthurium spp., Cereus, Ficus altissima, F. rubiginosa, and other non-specified greenhouse plants. The genus Abgrallaspis was synonymised under Hemiberlesia by Normark et al. (2014).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C461FF9DA1F9AD9DD89B20E4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Sliema, 10. ii. 2007, 3 ♀♀ on Crassula sp., DM. GOZO, Xewkija, 16. iii. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on Eriobotrya japonica, DM; Xewkija, 16. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Hypericum aegypticum, DM; Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Laurus nobilis, SA; Xlendi, 16. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on H. aegypticum, SA.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9ABAAD81B26C8.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as frequent on Livistona chinensis, L. australis and other palms.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9ABAAD81B26C8.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Bir id-Deheb, 20. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on unidentified succulent plant, DM; Bir id-Deheb, 22. iv. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Vitis vinifera, DM; Bir id-Deheb, 22. iv. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on V. vinifera, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 24. ii. 1997, 4 ♀♀ on Morus sp., CF; Valletta, Upper Barrakka Gardens, 13. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Cycas revoluta, CM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on C. revoluta, CM; Qawra, 15. ii. 2012, 6 ♀♀ on Ficus carica, CM; Qawra, 16. ii. 2012, 22 ♀♀ on bark of Lonicera implexa, CM; Qawra, 16. ii. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on Olea europaea, CM; Vittoriosa, 16. ii. 2012, 14 ♀♀ on Hedera helix and Yucca sp., CM. GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on Laurus nobilis, SA; Xewkija, 16. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on Eriobotrya japonica, GW.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9A97AD80A2428.taxon	discussion	Borg (1919) recorded this species (as Aspidiotus rapax), as having “ appeared in Malta quite recently on some vegetable marrow, in the vicinity of Ħamrun, and was probably imported from Sicily ”. Recorded also by Farrugia (1998) and Haber & Mifsud (2007); the latter reported large numbers of this scale on the stems of olives.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9A97AD80A2428.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 7 ♀♀ on Euonymus sp., CC.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9A85ADFE523DA.taxon	discussion	Borg (1898; 1919) recorded this scale under the names Mytilaspis citricola Pachard and M. flavescens. Borg (1922 a: 82) wrote that the scale had been “ established in these islands since 1870 – 73. When this parasite first made its appearance in Malta, it caused a great deal of uneasiness, many [Citrus] groves suffering severely and becoming unproductive, and numbers of young trees as well as trees in full bearing were killed or became too much exhausted to be retained ”. Recorded also by Saliba (1963) as occasional on orange, and by Farrugia (1998).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9A85ADFE523DA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Marsa, Għammieri 3. iv. 1999, 2 ♀♀ on Citrus aurantii, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 6. iii. 1997, 1 ♀ on C. aurantii, CF; Żurrieq, 17. ii. 2007, 1 ♀ on Citrus sp., DM; Bugibba, 14. ii. 2012, 8 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM; Luqa, 19. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on C. limon, CM. GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, GW; Vittoriosa, 26. ii. 1995, 1 ♀ on Citrus sp., DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9AE01DDC4216D.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Lepidosaphes ficifoliae), as “ very common on the lower surface of the leaves of the common fig (Ficus carica) and also of Ficus Pseudo-carica and Ficus Parcelli ”, whereas Saliba (1963) indicated it was uncommon, occurring mostly on fig. More recently, Mifsud et al. (2012) confirmed the presence of this species on both Malta and Gozo.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9AE01DDC4216D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Valletta, 13. ii. 2012, 10 ♀♀ on bark of Ficus sp., CM; Qawra, 15. ii. 2012, 22 ♀♀ on F. carica, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9AD99DE712084.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Farrugia (1998).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C460FF9CA1F9AD99DE712084.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Żejtun, 10. iii. 1994, 12 ♀♀ on Citrus limon, DM; Żejtun, 11. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, DM; Mosta, 12. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, MS; Marsa, Għammieri, 6. iii. 1997, 1 ♀ on C. aurantium, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 3. iv. 1997, 1 ♀ on C. aurantium, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 3. iv. 1999, 6 ♀♀ on C. aurantium, CF; Żurrieq, 17. ii. 2007, 2 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, DM; Bugibba, 14. ii. 2012, 8 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, 7 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9ABAAD8C727C5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Rabat, 15. ii. 2012, 12 ♀♀ on Cupressus sempervirens, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9AA03D874256F.taxon	discussion	Apart from the above name, Borg (1919) recorded this species also as Mytilaspis pomporum Bouché, a name which was also used by Borg (1922 a: 242), who wrote that this scale was frequently found on pear trees growing in sheltered and shaded situations. Borg (1932) recorded it as very common on citrus, less frequent on pears and apples and rare on plums; whereas Saliba (1963) wrote that it was common on apple, pear and plum and fairly common on citrus.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9AA03D874256F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Ficus carica, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9A9A4DE9E2423.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as very common on Pinus halepensis, P. pinea and other Pinus species. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9A859DCB32373.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as frequent at Buskett and Addolorata Cemetry on Pinus halepensis, P. pinea and P. canariensis.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9A859DCB32373.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 11 ♀♀ on Pinus sp., DM; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 22 ♀♀ on Pinus sp., CM; Rabat, 15. ii. 2012, 8 ♀♀ on Pinus sp., CM; Floriana, St. Philip’s Garden, 18. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on Pinus sp., CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9AFA9D82C220B.taxon	discussion	First reported from Malta by Leonardi (1920). Borg (1932) recorded this species as found “ here and there; on olive trees at Boschetto, San Antonio, Vallone Lia, Notabile, etc ”. It was recorded again by Saliba (1963) as being occasionally found on olives, also by Haber & Mifsud (2007) and Mifsud et al. (2012).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9AE41DF15213D.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Aonidiella inopinata), as occasionally found here and there on pear and apple trees. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9AD69D8DC21EC.taxon	materials_examined	This species tends to occur on plants in nurseries. Material examined: MALTA, Sliema, 10. ii. 2007, 5 ♀♀ on Crassula portulacea, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C467FF9BA1F9AC2ADF8520AB.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Parlatoria pergandii var. camelliae) as frequent on citrus trees and Camellia japonica. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9ABAADD7B2606.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as very frequent on olive, plum, almond, Jasminum officinale and J. azoricum. Saliba (1963) recorded it as common on olive, almond and plum. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9AAB7D89425C0.taxon	discussion	Borg (1898) recorded this species as a recent introduction from Italy, and as being present only in some orange groves at “ Casal Lia ”. Borg (1919) wrote that it “ is rarely met with on wild plants and its ravages in Malta are limited to a few localities in the central parts of the island ”. Borg (1922 a: 79) said that this “ scale has now spread to most [Citrus] groves of the Island, but so far not given cause of complaint ”. It was recorded again by Saliba (1963) as common on citrus, and by Farrugia (1998).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9AAB7D89425C0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Żejtun, 11. iii. 1994, 6 ♀♀ on Citrus sinensis, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 5. iii. 1999, 2 ♀♀ on C. aurantium, CF; St. Paul’s Bay, 22. i. 1999, 6 ♀♀ on C. limon and C. aurantium, CF; Bugibba, 14. ii. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, 8 ♀♀ on C. limon and C. sinensis, CM; Qawra, 16. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on? Viburnum sp., CM. GOZO, Vittoriosa, 26. ii. 1995, 3 ♀♀ on Citrus sp., DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9A870D92623FD.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1898; 1919; 1922 b) as Parlatoria lucasi Targ-Tozz. The latter two works stated that the species was spreading all over both islands and that there was no orange tree which was not infested. Borg (1922 a: 80) wrote that “ this scale insect appeared for the first time in Malta in 1892, in certain orange groves at “ Casal Lia ”, having been imported from Palermo along with a collection of ornamental varieties of citrus trees. Its dissemination was overlooked for the first three years, but soon after the infection began to spread rapidly, and orange merchants refused to purchase the unsightly fruit ”. It was also recorded by Borg (1932), Saliba (1963) and Farrugia (1998).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9A870D92623FD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 12. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Citrus sinensis, SC; Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on Citrus sp., GW; Bugibba, 14. ii. 2012, 10 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9AE37D8602293.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Hemichionaspis aspidistrae), as frequently found on Aspidistra elatior. Aspidistra and Ophiopogon are favoured hosts. No material of this polyphagous species has been collected during this study and the possibility that it has died out of the Maltese Archipelago is not excluded.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9AEC9D96420CC.taxon	discussion	Borg (1922 a: 76, 167) wrote about the introduction of this scale to Malta in 1912 with ornamental shrubs brought over from Sicily; early action was taken and the insect was completely eradicated. He also said that “ this is a solitary case of an insect parasite introduced in these islands and stamped out at once by human agency before it could spread and become established ”. Strangely enough, in the same year Borg (1922 b) then provided detailed information on the introduction of this species to Malta, which he first observed in May at Attard and Lija. The infestation was so severe, affecting different host-plants, and much more widespread in both Malta and Gozo, that he even said that probably the insect must have been present in Malta for at least six or seven years. He made no cross reference to what he had written in Borg (1922 a); apparently the above-mentioned eradication campaign in 1912 was not as effective as Borg had described. Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Aulacaspis pentagona) as frequent or common on peach, nectarine, almond, plum, white and black mulberry, paper mulberry, citrus and rose; whereas Saliba (1963) reported the scale as common on almond, citrus, peach and mulberry.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C466FF9AA1F9AEC9D96420CC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Marsa, Għammieri, 15. iii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Geranium sp., DM; Lija, 18. iii. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on Pelargonium sp., DM. GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Coprosina sp., DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9A8ACDE9E230E.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as occurring “ here and there on Erica multiflora at Buskett, Wardija and Wied Incita ”. Malta was also included in the distribution range of this species by Hoy (1963) and Kozár et al. (2013). No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9AF44DE9E221F.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Eriococcus formicola [sic.]) as common on Cynodon dactylon on both Malta and Gozo. Hoy (1963) and Kozár et al. (2013) included Malta in the distribution range of this species. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9AE5AD81B212D.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as frequently found on various species of Mammillaria, Cereus, Echinocactus, Peleciphora and other non-specified plants. Hoy (1963) and Kozár et al. (2013) included Malta in the distribution range of this species. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9AD6BD91321E6.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Köhler (1998), and Kozár et al. (2013) included Malta in the distribution range of this species; no further details were provided in either paper. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9ABAAD84026BF.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) as found here and there on grape vines. Vella (1991) stated that it was still not clear whether or not this species had already been introduced to Malta. Danzig (1993) and Borchsenius (1966) both listed Malta in the distribution of T. vitis, but gave no further locality or other source details.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9ABAAD84026BF.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Buskett, 8. vii. 1994, 3 ♀♀ on Quercus ilex, DM; Marsaxlokk, 17. v. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on Q. ilex, DM, AR & GM. GOZO, Victoria, 17. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on Q. ilex, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9AC1CD96620D0.taxon	discussion	Borg (1919; 1932) recorded this species (as Eriococcus araucariae) as being frequently found on Araucaria excelsa, and that young trees often succumb to heavy attacks. Hoy (1963) and Kozár et al. (2013) included Malta in the distribution range of this species.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9AC1CD96620D0.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 8 ♀♀ on Araucaria excelsa, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9AAFADFFE257B.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Chionaspis evonymii), as frequently found on Euonymus japonica and Aspidistra elatior. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C465FF99A1F9A9B1DE552437.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Saliba (1963) (as Chionaspis ceratoniae), as fairly common on carob. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF87A1F9ACA9DFA627E8.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Eriococcus rorismarini (Boyer de Fonscolombe )) as being frequent but nowhere common on Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia officinalis, from the following localities on Malta: Buskett, Baħrija and Ġnejna. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9AAE3DE1125BD.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Margarodes mediterraneus Silvestri) as being “ frequent on the rhizomes of couch-grass (Cynodon dactylon) in many localities in Malta and probably also in Gozo ”. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9AF0CD85123E7.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Monophlaebus serratulae (Fab.) Leon.) [sic.] as common on thistles and other nonspecified plants at St. Julian’s and Salina in Malta.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9AF0CD85123E7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, 1910, 3 ♀♀ on “ thistle-like plant ” (BMNH).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9AE1DD8C3203B.taxon	discussion	First intercepted at Malta in 1907, on ornamental plants coming from Sicily. The scale was first noticed in some gardens in St. Julian’s, from where it rapidly spread to Sliema and Msida; in two to three years it was well established everywhere in Malta and Gozo (Borg, 1919; 1922 a: 86; Mifsud & Watson, 1999; Dandria, 2010). Borg (1932) recorded the species on citrus, Acacia, Pittosporum tobira, rose trees, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Caesalpina sappan and many other non-specified plants. It was also recorded by Saliba (1963) as “ very common on citrus, less so on pear and mulberry ”, and by Vella (1991).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9AE1DD8C3203B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Rosmarinus officinalis, GW; Mosta, 13. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Pittosporum tobira, GW; Mġarr, 14. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Pistacia lentiscus, DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 12. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Artemisia vulgaris, CF; Qawra, 14. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Pittosporum tobira, CM; Valletta, 13. ii. 2012, 1 ♀ on P. tobira, CM; Bugibba, 18. ii. 2012, 5 ♀♀ on Citrus sinensis, CM; Mdina, 19. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on C. sinensis, CM; Qawra, 19. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on Rosa sp., CM; Luqa, 2 ♀♀ on P. tobira, CM. GOZO, Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Arisarum vulgare, DM; Victoria, 15. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on P. tobira, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9ABE4D8BF266A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Buskett, 9. iii. 1994, 5 first-instar larvae on Quercus ilex, GW; Floriana, 5. iv. 1995, 12 first-instar larvae on Q. ilex, DM; Buskett, 18. v. 2012, numerous ♀♀ on Q. ilex, AR, DM & GM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9A9FBD9D62494.taxon	discussion	● Micrococcus sp.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9A9FBD9D62494.taxon	discussion	The identification of this material to species level is still underway; more material is required to understand variation in this population.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C464FF98A1F9A9FBD9D62494.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Miġra Ferħa, 26. xii. 1994 and 20. xii. 1996, 6 ♀♀ on roots of Graminaceae, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9AA1AD8ED26BA.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Ras il-Fenek, 20. iv. 1995, 6 ♀♀ on Darniella melitensis, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9AAE1DD7425F6.taxon	discussion	This species was recorded from Malta under its synonym Lacombia urbani Boratynski, 1968 (Ben-Dov, 1990), which was described from material collected on Comino Island (Malta) in the nest of the ant Tapinoma erraticum (Boratynski, 1968).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9AAE1DD7425F6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Birzebbuġia, Wied Ħas-Sabtan, 16. v. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on roots of Chiliadenus bocconei, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9A822D9DE24BD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Għajn Riħana, 18. v. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on new shoots of Olea europaea, AR, DM & GM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9A8E9D86C2340.taxon	discussion	The species was described from Italy and Sicily on the roots of an assortment of host plants.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9A8E9D86C2340.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, St. Paul’s Bay, 17. v. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on roots of Daucus carota, AR, DM & GM; St. Paul’s Bay, 19. v. 2012, 6 ♀♀ on roots of Urospermum picroides, AR, DM & GM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9AFF2D82522DE.taxon	discussion	First record from the Maltese Islands of this Neotropical species, which was first introduced to Europe (Spain) in 1999 (Beltrà et al., 2010) on nursery plants, and has spread since to the United Kingdom and several European countries in the Mediterranean basin (Beltrà et al., 2010; Gkounti & Milonas, 2013).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9AFF2D82522DE.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Valletta, Upper Barrakka Gardens, 13. ii. 2012, immatures on Bougainvillea sp., CM; Mdina, 15. ii. 2012, immatures on Bougainvillea sp., CM; Qawra, 16 / 17. ii. 2012, several adult ♀♀ on Bougainvillea sp., CM; Zejtun, 12. iv. 2012, several adult ♀♀ on Bougainvillea sp., DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9AD0ADC8020E6.taxon	discussion	Borg (1898; 1919; 1922 a: 86) recorded this species as Dactylopius citri Signoret and D. destructor Comstock. Borg (1922 a: 86) wrote that “ it cannot be described as very destructive to our groves ... ”. He also recorded the mealybug from pear (Borg, 1922 a: 242). Borg (1932) recorded it (as Pseudococcus citri (Risso )) as frequently and commonly found on citrus, Erythrina corallodendron, Phaseolus caracalla and on many other trees and shrubs in the Maltese Islands. Saliba (1963) stated that it was common on citrus, pear, grape vine and mulberry. It was also recorded by Vella (1991), Farrugia (1998) and Mifsud & Watson (1999) as occurring mainly on citrus.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47BFF87A1F9AD0ADC8020E6.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. MALTA, Bir id-Deheb, 20. iii. 1994, 9 ♀♀ on Dieffenbachia sp., DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 12. ii. 1997, on Cucurbita sp., GW; Marsa, Għammieri, 12. ii. 1997, 9 ♀♀ on Urtica sp., CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 3. iv. 1999, 3 ♀♀ on Citrus aurantium, CF; Luqa, 25. iii. 1997, 8 ♀♀ on Geranium sp., CF; Siggiewi, 26. x. 1997, 1 ♀, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9ABAAD85C26F4.taxon	discussion	Borg (1919) recorded this species as Dactylopius vitis Niedl. Borg (1932) recorded it under two different names: Pseudococcus vitis (Mendel) Leon. and P. ficus Fern .. For P. vitis, he stated that it was found on grape vines at Wied Qannotta, Fiddien and other non-specified locations, and for the latter name he reported it as frequent on the fruit and foliage of the common fig. The species was reported again from Malta by Mifsud & Watson (1999) and Mifsud et al. (2012).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9ABAAD85C26F4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Bir id-Deheb, 22. iv. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Vitis vinifera, DM; Bingemma, 4. xii. 2003, 2 ♀♀ on V. vinifera, DM; Siggiewi, 28. vii. 2009, 5 ♀♀ on Ceratonia siliqua, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9A932DD27258F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Dingli, 13. iv. 1994, 8 ♀♀ on Cupressus sp., DM; Marsa, Għammieri, 15. v. 1995, 2 ♀♀ on Cupressus sp., DM; Ta’ Qali, 15. ix. 1997, 4 ♀♀ on Cupressus sp., CF; Valletta, 15. ii. 2012, 10 ♀♀ on C. sempervirens, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9A9CADF2523AB.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1932) (as Pseudococcus adonidum (Targioni Tozzetti )) as common on many plants, especially in greenhouses. The species was reported again by Mifsud & Watson (1999), when extensive damage to Citrus, Prunus and Ficus spp. was observed, and by Mifsud et al. (2012).	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9A9CADF2523AB.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Euonymus sp., CC; Rabat, 12. iii. 1994, 4 ♀♀ on Cycas revoluta, GW; Żejtun, 29. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Ficus nitida, DM; Mosta, 15. iv. 1997, 1 ♀ on C. revoluta, CF; Marsa, Għammieri, 15. ix. 1997, 4 ♀♀ on C. revoluta, CF; Valletta, Upper Barrakka Gardens, 12. ii. 2012, 4 ♀♀ on Pittosporum tobira, CM; Qawra, 13. ii. 2012, 11 ♀♀ on Laurus nobilis, P. tobira, Nerium oleander, Schinus terebinthifolius, Viburnum sp., Bougainvillea sp., CM. GOZO, Victoria, 16. iii. 1994, 2 ♀♀ on Coprosina sp. DM; Kercem, Dawara Valley, 16. iii. 1994, 5 ♀♀ on Laurus nobilis, SA; Victoria, 14. ii. 2012, 3 ♀♀ on P. tobira, CM; Floriana, St. Philip’s Garden, 18. ii. 2012, 2 ♀♀ on P. tobira, CM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9AFE1D8B32264.taxon	materials_examined	The species often occurs on nursery stock, which may be how it reached the archipelago. Material examined: MALTA, Siġġiewi, 23. xii. 1997, 1 ♀, in soil under Ceratonia siliqua, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9AEE2D8002102.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Buskett, 24. iii. 1994, 1 ♀ on Teucrium fruticans, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9AD52D8A221F2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: MALTA, Ħagar Qim, 12. iv. 1995, 3 ♀♀ on Convolvolus elegantissimus, DM.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C47AFF86A1F9AC51D95420CC.taxon	discussion	Borg (1932) recorded this species as occurring on the roots of grape vines and Convulvulus arvensis; also on roots of roses and other plants grown in pots. No Maltese specimens have been seen during the present work.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C479FF85A1F9AA87D8A52526.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Danzig & Watson (2014) in FaEu, but since we have been unable to trace the original source or collect material of this species from Malta, we are excluding it from the Maltese scale insect fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C479FF85A1F9A979DE4425F5.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1919), but the record was not used in subsequent publications pertaining to scale insect studies from Malta except by Borg (1932), incorrectly, as a synonym of C. salicis. C. furfura is therefore here excluded from the Maltese fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C479FF85A1F9A9CCDD6E234F.taxon	discussion	This is probably an erroneous record based on a misidentification. Borg (1932) recorded this species (as Aspidiotus britannicus), as frequent in many places on Pittosporum tobira, Viburnum tinus, Euonymus japonicus, Hedera helix and others. However, there are no further records of this species from Malta and all recent records from the above-mentioned host-plants are Aspidiotus nerii. In addition, D. britannicus has never been recorded on either Pittosporum or Euonymus, whereas A. nerii has been recorded on all four of the above mentioned host plants. On the Dynaspidiotus britannicus catalogue page, ScaleNet (Ben-Dov et al., 2014) says: “ Aspidiotus hederae; Newstead, 1896: 279. Misidentification; discovered by Newstead, 1898: 94 ”. Since Borg (1932) included Aspidiotus hederae Newst. non Vallot as a synonym of Aspidiotus britannicus, it seems likely that he was following Newstead’s misidentification. Dynaspidiotus britannicus is therefore excluded from the Maltese scale insect fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C479FF85A1F9AF9CD859221B.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Borg (1919), but this record was not used in subsequent publications pertaining to scale insect studies from Malta except by Borg (1932), incorrectly, as a synonym of L. pinnaeformis. L. flava has not been collected during this study either, so it is here excluded from the Maltese fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C479FF85A1F9ADA4DC96205B.taxon	discussion	Malta was included in the distribution of this species in the ScaleNet catalogue (Ben-Dov et al., 2014) on the authority of Borg (1922), but he gave no precise indication of its occurrence in Malta (see Material and methods section). Parlatoria proteus was not listed by later workers studying the scale insect fauna of Malta (not even by John Borg himself), and the species has not been collected during this study, so it is here excluded from the Maltese fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C479FF85A1F9ACA8D8A520CB.taxon	discussion	Recorded by Danzig & Watson (2014) in FaEu, but since we have been unable to trace the original source or collect material of this species from Malta, we are excluding it from the Maltese scale insect fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C479FF85A1F9ABAAD82927CC.taxon	discussion	Malumphy (2012) recorded this species from Malta on the roots of Sonchus oleraceus.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C478FF84A1F9AAD1DD0125A8.taxon	discussion	This species was listed as being present in Malta by Pellizzari & Germain (2010) in error (G. Pellizzari (University of Padova, Italy) and J-F. Germain (Laboratoire National de la Protection des Végétaux, Station de Montpellier, France), pers. comm.). The species is regulated in the European Union but has never been collected in the archipelago.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C478FF84A1F9A980D95F247F.taxon	discussion	Borg (1922 a: 357) mentioned a species of Lecanium, probably L. prunastri, as common on plums and apricots in local orchards. Since this record was not mentioned in his subsequent work (Borg, 1932), and S. prunastri has not been collected in the Maltese Islands since, it is here excluded from the Maltese scale insect fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
03FC0D62C478FF84A1F9ABAADEAD2658.taxon	discussion	This species was recorded from Malta in the FaEu database when it was compiled by E. M. Danzig and G. W. Watson in 2004, based on a record in the European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Plant Quarantine Database (EPPO, 2014). This important plant quarantine species was not collected in Malta during this study, despite repeated investigations, and we are of the opinion that the EPPO record is erroneous. For these reasons, U. citri is excluded from the Maltese scale insect fauna.	en	Mifsud, David, Mazzeo, Gaetana, Russo, Agatino, Watson, Gillian W. (2014): The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago. Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499-525, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3
