taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C387F2FF8BFFBEFF5B4FB557E4FD24.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. Presumably in the Paris museum, but apparently lost (Auffenberg & Rehman 1993). TYPE LOCALITY. Not given by the author; designated to Pondicherry, India by Smith (1935).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFBEFF5B4FB557E4FD24.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. A tropical Asian lizard widely distributed from the extreme SE Iran through Pakistan and India, S China and SE Asia including Sumatra. Introduced to Borneo, S Oman, Kenya, and USA (Arnold 1986 a; Das et al. 2008; Šandera & Starostová 2009; Meshaka 2011). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 6. Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. An arboreal lizard occurring wherever there are trees or shrubs available, most common by water streams and riversides. Although it can tolerate considerable aridity, in desert habitats it is confined to oases and vegetation along the water courses (Khan 2006). SE Iran represents the westernmost projection of the species’ autochthonous range, however, it is found here only on date palms and its presence may be caused by humanmediated transfer (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFBEFF5B4B045761F9CF.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. Not located (Baig et al. 2012). TYPE LOCALITY. Restricted to Baku, Azerbaijan by Anderson (1999); originally Tiflisium [= Tbilisi, Georgia] and Bacuam [= Baku] (Eichwald 1831).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFBEFF5B4B045761F9CF.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. From E Anatolia and Transcaucasia through N Iran to Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 7. The Alborz and Kopet Dagh ranges. The range extends to the south along the inner Zagros up to Fars Prov. and south along the Afghan border to northernmost Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Mountainous and upland areas up to 4000 m covered by xerophytes and other herbaceous vegetation, associated with rocky outcrops, scree and clay slopes, large boulders in river beds, stony fences and walls. Found at low elevations by the Caspian Sea as well (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFBEFF5B4B045761F9CF.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The uplifting in the Lesser Caucasus and Alborz Mountains which took place 2 – 3 million years ago (Mya) separated the Caucasian and more eastern (E Alborz, Kopet Dagh) populations (Macey et al. 1998, 2000 a). REFERENCES. Ananjeva & Orlova (1979); Anderson (1999); Rastegar-Pouyani & Nilson (2002); Cheatsazan et al. (2006); Rastegar-Pouyani & Torki (2007); Baig et al. (2012); Dezfoulian et al. (2012); Hosseinian Yousefkhani et al. (2013 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFBEFF5B4D9A5341FC59.taxon	discussion	The genus Laudakia was recently divided into three genera (Stellagama, Paralaudakia, and Laudakia) with three Iranian species (L. caucasia, L. erythrogaster and L. microlepis) being reassigned to the genus Paralaudakia while L. melanura and L. nupta retained their generic assignment (Baig et al. 2012). Despite this taxonomic revision was based on detailed examination of cranial morphology and dentition characters it was supported only by secondary and partial phylogenetic analysis of genetic data. The supposed paraphyly of the genus (Melville et al. 2009; Edwards & Melville 2011) originated probably by an error (Baig et al. 2012). Monophyletic status of the genus was confirmed by Pyron et al. (2013). Here we adhere to the suggestion of Pyron et al. to retain the generic name Laudakia for all its previously defined members in order to preserve nomenclatural stability in this group.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFB1FF5B49B15200FF79.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Kalender-Abad and Fariman, Khorasan Razavi Prov., Iran (Nikolsky 1896). Restricted to Fariman by Rastegar-Pouyani & Nilson (2002) by lectotype designation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFB1FF5B49B15200FF79.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NE Iran, SE Turkmenistan and NW Afghanistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 8. Eastern part of Khorasan Razavi Prov., one locality in Northern Khorasan Prov. HABITAT. Unlike other members of the genus, L. erythrogaster avoids vertical slopes and rocky outcrops. Instead it is found on clayey and sandy substrates in areas up to 1800 m wherever there are colonies of gerbils (Rhombomys), whose burrows serve as retreats for the lizards (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF8BFFB1FF5B49B15200FF79.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A sister species to L. caucasia (Macey et al. 2000 a; Edwards & Melville 2011; Pyron et al. 2013). REFERENCES. Anderson (1999); Rastegar-Pouyani & Nilson (2002); Aghili et al. (2010).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4E265375FD29.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. Not located (Baig et al. 2012). TYPE LOCALITY. Salt Range, Punjab, Pakistan fide Smith (1935).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4E265375FD29.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NW Punjab, Sind and Baluchistan (Pakistan). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 9. Only a putative member of the Iranian herpetofauna for long until Rajabizadeh & Rastegar-Pouyani (2009) confirmed its occurrence in Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Cliffs, boulders and rock crevices. Syntopic with L. nupta in SW Pakistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4E265375FD29.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The existence of the subspecies L. m. lirata (Blanford) to which all Iranian specimens have been referred is not supported by Baig et al. (2012). The distinguishing characters (carinated scales and coloration) are apparently inconsistent and therefore not sufficient to recognize this form as an independent subspecies.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4D9652C4FBF6.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Khan-i-Surkh pass north of Sarjan between Kerman and Shiraz and Kushkizard between Shiraz and Esfahan. Restricted to Khaneh-Sorkh Pass [= Khan-i-Surkh] by Rastegar-Pouyani & Nilson (2002); however Boulenger (1885) mentions only “ Kushkizard, N of Shiraz ” as the type locality.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4D9652C4FBF6.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Widely distributed in S and E Iran, also in W Afghanistan, marginally in NW Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 10. Along the southern Zagros and mountains by Afghan borders. Its distribution is parapatric with L. caucasia with contact zones in the central Zagros and Khorasan Razavi Prov. Both species are missing in the central Iranian deserts. HABITAT. A rock-dwelling species with similar habitat preferences as L. caucasia (Anderson (1999), a probable cause of their mutually exclusive distribution.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4BAB5363F9D9.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MSNM, collection number unknown; Lectotype BMNH 74.11. 23.11 (L. n. fusca). TYPE LOCALITY: Persepolis, Fars Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4BAB5363F9D9.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. E Iraq, S and C Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The river Indus seems to form a natural boundary in the east. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 11. Along the Zagros eastwards continuously up to the Pakistani border. Very common particularly in the western Zagros foothills. Isolated records from Semnan and Khorasan Razavi Prov. HABITAT. Rocks of limestone and other outcrops, very often also found near human settlements, abandoned buildings, on walls, monuments and other man-made habitats; observed also in oak forests climbing trees.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB1FF5B4BAB5363F9D9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Eastern populations in SE Iran and Pakistan belong to the subspecies L. n. fusca. Despite some authors consider this taxon a full species (Khan 2006; Cheatsazan et al. 2008 b; Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2008), the latest taxonomic revision by Baig et al. (2012) relegated it back to the status of a subspecies of L. nupta.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB0FF5B498654F8FF54.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZISP 10256.1. TYPE LOCALITY. Qahferokh, vicinity of Farokhshahr, Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB0FF5B498654F8FF54.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 12. With certainty known only from the type locality and Abadeh (Fars Prov.), but populations of P. persicus previously reported from adjacent areas may also represent this species. HABITAT. Not given in the original description nor by Nikolsky (1907), who collected the type series.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF84FFB0FF5B498654F8FF54.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The existence of this species was first discovered by Melnikov et al. (2008) in their genetic study of P. persicus and P. helioscopus.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB0FF5B4E055783FD12.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Plateau of the Hadramut [= Hadramaut, Yemen].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB0FF5B4E055783FD12.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Widely distributed in the Arabian Peninsula, extends northward to S Jordan (Wittenberg 1992), Iraq and marginally SW Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 13. Khuzestan Prov. HABITAT. Fine, windblown sand, sloping sand between mounds of vegetation and foot of large dunes. If threatened, it buries itself rapidly by lateral body oscillations.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB0FF5B4E055783FD12.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Observations of P. arabicus in Oman showed that wherever suitable habitat appears this species can reach very high population densities (pers. obs.). There are no data available regarding the biology and natural history of this species in Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB0FF5B4DC85750F9EF.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ in deserti australioris collibus ardentissimis ” (Pallas 1771); restricted to the “ Inderskija Gory, Gebiet des unteren Uralflusses ” [region of lower Ural River, W Kazakhstan] by Mertens & Müller (1928). This restriction was not accompanied by a lectotype or neotype designation and is therefore not valid as such (Uetz 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB0FF5B4DC85750F9EF.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. SE part of European Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, NW China and Mongolia. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 14. Occurs only by the borders with Turkmenistan by the Caspian Sea. HABITAT. Clay and stony deserts, sometimes sandy areas with high admixture of pebbles, usually in areas of sparse vegetation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB0FF5B4DC85750F9EF.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Phrynocephalus persicus was separated from P. helioscopus on the basis of the analysis of allozyme variation (Mezhzherin & Golubev 1989). There is an immense chaos regarding the form horvathi Méhely which was originally described as a subspecies of P. helioscopus from the foothills of Ararat, Armenia (Méhely 1894) and which is endemic to E Anatolia, S Armenia, Azerbaijan and NW Iran. In Iran it is restricted to the vicinity and north of the Lake Urmia (Melnikov et al. 2008). Some authors treat this form as it was described — a subspecies of P. helioscopus (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2008; Tosunoğlu et al. 2011), some as a subspecies of P. persicus (Barabanov & Ananjeva 2007; Arakelyan et al. 2011; Solovyeva et al. 2011; Milto & Barabanov 2012) and yet others as a full species (Çiçek et al. 2011). According to Anderson (1999), P. horvathi appears to be a younger synonym of P. persicus. This assumption is in accordance with the results of mtDNA analyses of P. helioscopuspersicus complex by Solovyeva et al. (2011) which proved horvathi to be an inner lineage of P. persicus. The name horvathi was stabilized by Melnikov et al. (2013), who designated neotype (see remarks by P. persicus below).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB3FF5B49535366FF5A.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZSI 4825. TYPE LOCALITY. Awada, Shiraz, Persia; a misprint corrected to Abádeh, Fars Prov., by Blanford (1876).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB3FF5B49535366FF5A.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. E Arabian Peninsula (Saudi Arabia, Oman, UAE) through Iraq to Iran, S Turkmenistan, S Afghanistan and Pakistan. The Arabian populations are recognized as a distinct subspecies, P. m. longicaudatus Haas. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 15. Most of the central plateau to elevations up to 3000 m. HABITAT. Flat deserts with rather hard-packed, sandy clay soils or gravel-strewn hammadas (Minton 1966). Observed on a sun-dried mud by a salt lake.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF85FFB3FF5B49535366FF5A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Mountain massifs in the east (Afghanistan, Pakistan) form natural boundaries confining P. maculatus to the Iranian plateau. Since no other Phrynocephalus species crosses the Zagros Mountains, the ranges of the nominotypical form east of the Zagros and P. m. longicaudatus in the west may also be disjunct. The latter taxon will probably prove to be specifically distinct (Anderson 1999, p. 91).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4E0055EFFD61.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ arenosis Naryn et deserti Comani ” (Pallas 1776); restricted to Naryn Steppe on the north coast of the Caspian Sea by Mertens & Müller (1928); given as Ryn Peski (Ryn Sands), Uralskaya Region, north-western Kazakhstan by Barabanov & Ananjeva (2007).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4E0055EFFD61.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Its global distribution resembles that of P. helioscopus. SE European Russia N of the Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, NW China, south to Afghanistan and NE Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 16. South Khorasan, Khorasan Razavi and Semnan Prov. HABITAT. Sand dunes, Anderson (1999) found P. mystaceus associated with Tamarix and other psammophilous shrubs.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4DDF5334FB2E.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally northern Baluchistan; restricted to “ between Nushki and Helmand, Afghanistan ” by Anderson & Leviton (1967).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4DDF5334FB2E.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. E Iran, SW Afghanistan, W Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 17. Khorasan Razavi and South Khorasan Prov. HABITAT. Sand dunes and sand heaps in the same habitat as P. mystaceus (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4DDF5334FB2E.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The subspecies P. o. vindumi Golubev (type locality: 35 km N of Gonabad on road to Torbat-e Heydariyeh, Khorasan Razavi Prov.) occurs in Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4B9254C1F911.taxon	materials_examined	LECTOTYPE. ZISP 8844; Neotype ZISP 5544.1 (P. p. horvathi), both designated by Melnikov et al. (2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4B9254C1F911.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ Campagne deserte dall'Armenia fino a Teheran ” [along the route between Armenia and Tehran], Iran. For discussion on the type locality, see Melnikov et al. (2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4B9254C1F911.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. From the Caucasus (extreme E Anatolia, Armenia, Georgia) SE into Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 18. Along the Zagros range from West Azerbaijan and Ardabil south-eastwards up to Fars Prov. HABITAT. Open gravel or stony plains with scattered bushes, desert steppe with sparse vegetation up to 2700 m a. s. l. (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB3FF5B4B9254C1F911.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The taxon horvathi is considered a subspecies of P. persicus based on genetic analyses (Solovyeva et al. 2011; see remarks by P. helioscopus). The record from Na`imabad, Semnan Prov. by Nikolsky (1907) is doubtful. Material from S Esfahan and N Fars Prov. requires redetermination due to recent description of P. ananjevae, a species potentially present in these areas.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB2FF5B49CE5439FEB0.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MNHN 6947. TYPE LOCALITY. “ Au pied de la montagne ” [= Mt. Sophia, near Esfahan, Esfahan Prov., Iran].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB2FF5B49CE5439FEB0.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan up to the Makran and Sulaiman Mountain ranges. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 19. Widely distributed all over the central Iranian Plateau but not crossing the Zagros in the west and the Alborz in the north. HABITAT. Flat gravel desert plains with very little vegetation. Avoids sandy or clayey substrates. Found up to 2300 m elevation (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF86FFB2FF5B49CE5439FEB0.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A single record from Kermanshah Prov. (USNM 69902) is most probably a misidentified animal. REFERENCES. Anderson (1999, 2000).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB2FF5B4E685798FBFE.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Neighbourhood of Baghdad, Iraq. Rastegar-Pouyani (1999 a) designated the east-central regions of the central Iranian Plateau, about 110 km SE of Esfahan city, as the ‘ terra typica designata’ because, as he claimed, there have been no genuine records of T. agilis from Iraq. But since the syntypes are still extant and bear a precise locality that cannot be rejected or modified, Ananjeva et al. (2013) declared his designation as invalid and retained the original type as it appears in Olivier’s (1804) description.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB2FF5B4E685798FBFE.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iraq, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and NW India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 20. Across all Iran except the NW part of the Zagros. There are three recognized subspecies, two of which occur in Iran: the nominotypical one from most of Iran, SW Pakistan and Afghanistan; T. a. khuzistanensis from the Mesopotamian plain in SW Iran and adjoining areas; and T. a. pakistanensis from SE Pakistan and NW India (Rastegar-Pouyani 1999 a, b). HABITAT. Flat, open plains and semideserts of clay or gravel substrate with scattered shrubs or vegetation-covered mounds. Although not a vertical climber like Laudakia, it climbs readily on shrubs, rocks and rock piles to use them as observation posts. Observed to retreat into shallow burrows.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB2FF5B4E685798FBFE.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Rastegar-Pouyani (1999 a) synonymized T. a. isolepis with T. a. agilis. The distribution of T. a. khuzistanensis is supposed to be restricted to Khuzestan and Bushehr Prov. (Rastegar-Pouyani 1999 b), however, exact boundary between this and the nominotypical subspecies has not been studied in details yet.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB2FF5B4BA2545DF989.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Dehbid and Kazerun, Fars Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB2FF5B4BA2545DF989.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Jordan, Syria, Iraq, NE Saudi Arabia, SW Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 21. Most of the western provinces in the Mesopotamian Plain and along the Zagros range up to western Kerman and Hormozgan Prov. HABITAT. Sandy areas, on sand dune foothills and near shrubs where they seek refuge (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB2FF5B4BA2545DF989.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Rastegar-Pouyani (2000) synonymized T. persicus with T. ruderatus, however this change was rejected by Ananjeva et al. (2013). The distribution of T. persicus overlaps partially with T. ruderatus in Bushehr, Fars, Esfahan, and Ilam Prov. (Fathinia & Rastegar-Pouyani 2011).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB5FF5B497152AAFD71.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Near Esfahan, Esfahan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB5FF5B497152AAFD71.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. The range encompasses the Mesopotamian Fertile Crescent area from Jordan, Syria and Lebanon through Iraq and S Turkey to W Iran, westwards extends to central Anatolia. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 22. The Zagros Mountains in most of the western provinces, particularly well documented in Ilam, Kermanshah and Lorestan Prov.; near Tehran penetrates to the Alborz range. HABITAT. Exposed stony habitats with a little vegetation cover up to 2100 m of elevation (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF87FFB5FF5B497152AAFD71.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The nomenclatural status of the name Trapelus ruderatus and T. lessonae (the latter included now into the synonymy of the former) is extremely convoluted and has been thoroughly discussed within the last years. In 2000, Rastegar-Pouyani designated a lectotype of T. ruderatus (MNHN 2610), a specimen recognized by him to be similar to a conventional population of T. persicus. Since the name ruderatus antedates the name persicus he synonymized T. persicus with T. ruderatus and restricted the type locality to that where animals most similar to the holotype occur (Iran: Bushehr Prov.: between Bandar-e-Ganaveh - Borazjan (50 ° 45 ' E, 29 ° 35 ' N )). In the same paper the author recognized that the holotype of T. lessonae is morphologically identical to T. r. ruderatus and since the name ruderatus was applied to the former persicus populations, he revalidated the species status of T. lessonae. However, Ananjeva et al. (2013) pointed out that the specimen designated by Rastegar-Pouyani (2000) as a lectotype of T. ruderatus was not originally a syntype of Agama ruderata (and as such could therefore not be elevated to a lectotype according to ICZN criteria) and disregarded it to be the name-bearing type. Instead, they designated as the lectotype of Agama ruderata a specimen depicted by Olivier (1804). However, the specimen number was not given and the voucher is apparently lost. Therefore Ananjeva et al. (2013) designated the neotype of T. ruderatus, which was selected to be the holotype of Agama lessonae (MZUT R 307) in order to avoid further nomenclature complications. Thus they fixed the status of A. lessonae as an objective junior synonym of A. ruderata. As a result, for the time being, the name Trapelus ruderatus is valid. Although not specifically stressed by Ananjeva et al. (2013), their taxonomic change in the T. ruderatus complex leads to re-recognition of T. persicus as a valid species. Yet another species of Trapelus described from Iran, T. microtympanum (Werner) (type locality: Persia), is considered a younger synonym of T. ruderatus by Anderson (1999, p. 109).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF80FFB5FF5B4A055483F95C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ Abasien ” [= Kuban’ region, S Russia] and “ Mingrelien ” [= region in W Georgia]. DISTRIBUTION. E Europe and European Russia through E Balkans, N Turkey and Transcaucasia to N Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 24. Along the Caspian coast, the distribution stretches eastwards up to the central Kopet Dagh. No record from the Caspian coast is more than 60 km inland from the shoreline; the species is there limited to the foothills and northern slopes of the Alborz. HABITAT. Deciduous Hyrcanian forests in the Alborz, in or on the leaf litter on the ground, under stones and logs. REMARKS. Anguis colchica was assigned the status of full species by Gvoždík et al. (2010). In the same publication the Iranian populations were attributed to the subspecies A. c. orientalis Anderson.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF80FFB5FF5B4C2E5259FB54.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. Not located (Anderson 1999); Syntypes: ZMB 753 - 758, ZMB 54811 - 12 (T. s. aralensis). TYPE LOCALITY. Kum-Ankatar on Terek River, Russia.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF80FFB5FF5B4C2E5259FB54.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Russia, Dagestan, Central Asian Republics, N Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 23. So far known only from three localities in Golestan and one in Khorasan Razavi Prov., but other animals from NE Iran determined by now as T. agilis are also likely to belong to this species. HABITAT. Semideserts with scattered vegetation which the species uses as a refuge and to observe the surroundings.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF80FFB5FF5B4C2E5259FB54.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Formerly treated as a subspecies of T. agilis, but the latest phylogenetic study indicates that these two are not even closely related (i. e. sister) taxa (Pyron et al. 2013). The nominotypical subspecies occurs W of the Caspian Sea in isolation from the main distribution range in Central Asia, where the subspecies T. s. aralensis (Lichtenstein) occurs. Based on the distribution of both subspecies the Iranian populations should be assigned to the latter.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF80FFB4FF5B483D55BBFDB4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. Not located (Anderson 1999). TYPE LOCALITY. Naryn Steppe on the north coast of the Caspian Sea, Russia. This locality seemed unlikely to Obst (1978), who made a correction to the region of the Terek River, Russia.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF80FFB4FF5B483D55BBFDB4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. The Balkans, Turkey, Levant south to Israel and Jordan, Iraq, Transcaucasia, N and W Iran, Turkmenistan, N Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, S Kazakhstan; an isolated range on the northern coast of the Black Sea. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 25. From NW Iran by the Turkish borders through the Caspian region to the Kopet Dagh; a single record from the central Zagros. HABITAT. Open grassy habitats, near streams and in the Hyrcanian forests (Anderson 1999; Ahmadzadeh et al. 2008). The latter authors observed P. apodus in a pond during a sunny day.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF80FFB4FF5B483D55BBFDB4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A very outlying record (FMNH 69297) by Schmidt (1955) from Istgah-e Bisheh [Bisheh-Porem] (Lorestan Prov.) situated about 390 km from the closest Caspian localities together with records from adjacent Iraq (Reed & Marx 1959) indicates a more continuous distribution of P. apodus in the western Zagros area.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF81FFB4FF5B4CAE55F0FAD4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. CAS 86384. TYPE LOCALITY. Between Masjid-i-Suleiman and Batwand, Khuzistan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF81FFB4FF5B4CAE55F0FAD4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Syria, SE Turkey, Iraq, Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 26. Western foothills of the Zagros from Ilam to Bushehr Prov. Moradi & Shafiei (2011) provided a record from SW Kerman Prov. by which they extended the range for more than 450 km eastwards. HABITAT. Dry karst-like regions with extensive gypsum deposits, stony hillsides with numerous caverns and crevices and a cover of shrubby vegetation and scattered grass tussocks. Encountered on the surface at night, never found hiding under stones (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF81FFB4FF5B4CAE55F0FAD4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Eublepharis ensafi Baloutch & Thireau (type locality Fakke, ca. 150 km N of Ahvaz) was synonymized with E. angramainyu by Grismer (1989).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF81FFB4FF5B4D4E52F4FCF1.taxon	description	For the time being there are five valid species within this genus, three of which occur in Iran (Uetz 2013). Mutual relationships among Eublepharis were partially resolved by Grismer (1991), who, by using morphological characters, identified E. turcmenicus as a sister species to E. macularius; the clade of these two is further sister to E. angramainyu. Despite several attempts to reconstruct the phylogeny of the family Eublepharidae using genetic data, the relationships within Eublepharis have never been resolved because only E. macularius and E. turcmenicus were included in the analyses (Ota et al. 1999; Jonniaux & Kumazawa 2008).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF81FFB4FF5B4A85531CF815.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZSI 6224. TYPE LOCALITY. Salt Range, Punjab, NW India.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF81FFB4FF5B4A85531CF815.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NE India, Pakistan, SE Afghanistan, E Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 27. Eastern South Khorasan Prov., the only known locality needs to be verified (see below). HABITAT. Clay-gravel soil covered by sand and abounding in bushes of Zygophyllum (Zarudny ex. Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF81FFB4FF5B4A85531CF815.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The only Iranian record is based on two specimens collected by Zarudny, who assigned them superficially to E. macularius on the basis of tail morphology. Both specimens were lost before they could be deposited in the collections (Anderson 1999). This record lies isolated by ca. 500 km W from the nearest confirmed locality of the species in Afghanistan (Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008). Because the vouchers do not exist it is impossible to decide whether they really belonged to E. macularius or to geographically similarly distant E. turcmenicus occurring in Turkmenistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4D96535EFBD1.taxon	materials_examined	SYNTYPES. MNHN 6761 (3 spec.) (Anderson 1999), although no such number in the MNHN catalogue.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4D96535EFBD1.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Persia.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4D96535EFBD1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 29. Throughout most of the Iranian Plateau W of the Zagros and S of the Alborz and Kopet Dagh; apparently absent from the central desert system; isolated records from coastal Hormozgan Prov. HABITAT. Stony terrain, cliffs and rocky terraces, hillsides also barren plains and gravely alluvium with sparse shrubby vegetation (Minton 1966; Anderson 1999)	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4D96535EFBD1.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Agamura is a monotypic genus phylogenetically close to Bunopus, Crossobamon, Cyrtopodion, and Tenuidactylus. Červenka et al. (2008) placed Agamura to a sister position with Cyrtopodion. Nevertheless, Bauer et al. (2013) recognized Bunopus and Crossobamon being closer to Agamura, and yet another study came up with Agamura as a sister genus to a clade consisting of all the other four above listed genera (Gamble et al. 2012).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4BF252A7F934.taxon	materials_examined	LECTOTYPE. ZIL 10233, designated by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986). TYPE LOCALITY. Restricted to Khara-Magommed-Abad by lectotype designation by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986); originally Kum [= Qom], Maljat-Abad and Khara-Magommed-Abad, Irak-Adschemi Prov. [today Esfahan Prov.], Iran (Nikolsky 1907).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4BF252A7F934.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 30. Central Iranian Plateau in the area around Tehran, Qom, Esfahan, Yazd, and Kerman; also S of the Kopet Dagh. HABITAT. Cultivated alluvial plains, gravely and sandy areas with vegetation containing Alhagi, Artemisiam, Prosopis, and Tamarix (Mozaffari et al. 2011 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4BF252A7F934.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Bunopus crassicauda was confirmed to occur syntopically with B. tuberculatus in NE Iran (Kamali & Mozaffari 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4FB557B8FD91.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIL 10103. TYPE LOCALITY. Bakharden, Turkmenistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4FB557B8FD91.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Slopes of the Kopet Dagh in Turkmenistan, N Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 28. So far confirmed only from two localities by the Turkmen borders in North Khorasan and Khorasan Razavi Prov. (Darevsky 1978; Auer et al. 2008). HABITAT. Stony foothills with fragments of rocks. Vegetation cover dominated by Artemisia and Ephedra bushes. In Turkmenistan found up to 812 m of altitude (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB7FF5B4FB557B8FD91.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Second locality confirming the presence of this species in Iran was published relatively recently (Auer et al. 2008). It seems to be extremely rare in Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB6FF5B49EA57AEFE01.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ Gedrosia Persiaque meridionali ” (Blanford 1874), restricted to Baluchistan by Smith (1935); further restricted to “ near Bampur, Baluchistan ” by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB6FF5B49EA57AEFE01.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. The whole of the Arabian Peninsula, Levant, Iraq, Iran, SW Afghanistan, Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 31. From the Mesopotamian plain in Khuzestan to Bushehr Prov.; the Iranian Plateau from S of the Kopet Dagh to the coastal areas around the Strait of Hormuz and Gulf of Oman. Absent from the Zagros mountain range. HABITAT. Usually sandy habitats from blowing sand dunes to sand mixed with gravel or pastures, associated with desert and steppe vegetation such as Tamarix (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF82FFB6FF5B49EA57AEFE01.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. There are large genetic distances between populations from central and SE Iran, the latter being closely related to the populations from Syria and Kuwait (Červenka et al. 2008). This intraspecific diversification which is similar to that between B. tuberculatus and B. crassicauda suggests a cryptic diversity of Bunopus geckos with potentially undescribed species in the central part of its range.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF83FFB6FF5B4EDD5361FC41.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMB 435. TYPE LOCALITY. Agytme, Kyzyl-Kum Desert, Uzbekistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF83FFB6FF5B4EDD5361FC41.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, NE Iran, W Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 32. The easternmost provinces by the Afghan borders (Khorasan Razavi, South Khorasan, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.). HABITAT. A psammophilous species bound to sandy habitats, even sand dunes but stabilized with shrubby vegetation (Convolvulus, Haloxylon, Salivornia) (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF83FFB6FF5B4EDD5361FC41.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. There are disputes concerning the validity of the taxon lumsdenii (Boulenger) from northern Baluchistan. Anderson (1999) places it in the synonymy of Bunopus tuberculatus whereas Szczerbak & Golubev (1986, 1996) consider it a subspecies of C. eversmanni. In addition, the latter authors place (without examining the types) an Afghan taxon C. maynardi Smith in the synonymy of C. eversmanni. Recent authors follow Szczerbak & Golubev’s taxonomy and use the trinomen C. e. lumsdenii (Bauer et al. 2013; Khani et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF83FFB6FF5B4B3E57D0FAD4.taxon	discussion	A relatively species-rich genus (26 species; Uetz 2013) that previously encompassed also members of Mediodactylus and Tenuidactylus, in some studies treated as subgenera but currently recognized as distinct (see below). The Iranian species of Cyrtopodion (sensu stricto) were on the basis of morphological differentiation divided into two groups: the agamuroides group and the scabrum group (Szczerbak & Golubev 1986; Anderson 1999). The agamuroides group currently contains five species: C. agamuroides, C. gastropholis, C. golubevi, C. kiabii, and C. persepolense; four species are known to belong to the scabrum group: C. brevipes, C. kachhense, C. scabrum, and C. sistanense (Nazarov & Rajabizadeh 2007; Bauer et al. 2013). Cyrtopodion hormozganum was recognized as an intermediate form between the two groups (Nazarov et al. 2012), and the assignment of C. kirmanense is unknown.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF83FFA9FF5B4A8554FDFF79.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Neizar, Sistan, and Duz-Abad and Pendsch-Sara, Kerman Prov., Iran; restricted to Pensareh [= Pendsch-Sara], E Kerman Prov., Iran by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF83FFA9FF5B4A8554FDFF79.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 33. S Iran south of the 31.5 ° latitude. The record from Khorasan Razavi Prov. by Hosseinian Yousefkhani et al. (2012 a) was a misidentified Tenuidactylus longipes (Rajabizadeh, in litt.). HABITAT. Known to climb ruins of earthen buildings in habitats with sandy and clayey soils; reported active also during the day (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF83FFA9FF5B4A8554FDFF79.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Cyrtopodion agamuroides was found to be syntopic with ecologically similar C. sistanense (Nazarov & Rajabizadeh 2007). By the time of the phylogenetic analysis published by Červenka et al. (2008), C. agamuroides was paraphyletic with respect to C. gastropholis and might in fact be a complex of more species. Since then, two new species from to the agamuroides - group have been described (Nazarov et al. 2009; Ahmadzadeh et al. 2011). No additional phylogenetic study comprising these taxa was performed so the relationships of the above species remain unknown.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA9FF5B4E2655F1FD04.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZSI 3465. TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Gedrosia, Baluchistan; restricted to Aptan near Bampur, Persian Baluchistan [= Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.] by Annandale (1913).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA9FF5B4E2655F1FD04.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 34. So far known with certainty only from the region of the type locality in Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. and eastern Hormozgan Prov. (CUP collection: CUP \ REPT \ IRA \ 875). Murray (1884) provided two localities from the vicinity of Bushehr, but Anderson (1999) was sceptical of Murray’s identifications and considered the presence of this species in Bushehr Prov. unlikely. HABITAT. Virtually nothing is known about this species’ preferred habitat. The only available information is from where the types were collected — an open sandy plain with scattered vegetation (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA9FF5B4DF557B3FAA1.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 27095 (Nr. 74 in the original description). TYPE LOCALITY. Fars Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA9FF5B4DF557B3FAA1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 35. Bushehr, Hormozgan, Fars, and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Prov. The distribution of C. gastropholis was reviewed by Ahmadzadeh et al. (2011). The authors doubt the record from Hormozgan Prov. (Červenka et al. 2008) to belong to this species. Nevertheless, the occurrence of C. gastropholis in central Hormozgan Prov. is independently confirmed by a CAS record from the vicinity of Bandar Abbas (CAS 86370). HABITAT. Anderson (1999) collected his specimen on a wall of a mud-brick building; otherwise there are no habitat-related data to this species.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA9FF5B4DF557B3FAA1.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Assigned to the genus Agamura by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986). Ahmadzadeh et al. (2011) put right the problems associated with the spelling of the species epithet. The name “ gastropholis ” is a noun in apposition and must not be conjugated to “ gastrophole ”, as some authors do (Anderson 1999; Bauer et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA9FF5B4A1E5454F934.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMMU R- 12624. TYPE LOCALITY. 100 km NW from Iranshehr [= Iranshahr], near Bazman, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA9FF5B4A1E5454F934.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran, but likely to be also found in the bordering regions of Pakistan (Nazarov et al. 2009). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 36. Known only from the type locality and the locality of the paratypes, about 1 km apart. HABITAT. The type locality is a humid canyon with dense vegetation in the otherwise dry clayey foothills with a poor shrubby cover.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA8FF5B49E55454FEB1.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ICSTZ M 6 H 1290. TYPE LOCALITY. 27 km NW from Minab, Hormozgan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9CFFA8FF5B49E55454FEB1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 37. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. Reported by Nazarov et al. (2012) as “ ... desert plateau with isolated low-mountains and ranges which can be considered as a transitional zone from the coastal plains of Garmsir on the Persian Gulf up the East Iranian Mts. Gecko habitats are located in low mountains dissected by dry riverbeds (wadi) and almost devoid of vegetation at an altitude of 77 – 90 m a. s. l. Sparse vegetation consists of rare ephemeral grasses (genus Poa) and xerophytic shrubs (Astragalus, Convolvulus, Gailonia, Hammada, Salsola), growing in the intermountain sites and along wadi. ”	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B4E6E520AFD5C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Kachh Prov., South-east of Sind, between the eastern branches of the Indus and Kathíwár [S Pakistan or NW India]. The lectotype designated by Annandale (1913) remains valid despite the later lectotype designation made by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B4E6E520AFD5C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Pakistan, India, Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 38. The only known record from Bushehr is considered doubtful by many authors (Anderson 1999; Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2008; Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008). The species has never been confirmed from Iran again and is claimed that it might have been introduced there. HABITAT. No information for the Iranian specimen available. In Pakistan reported from hard rocky terrain where it lives in cracks and holes in the ground and also colonizes nearby houses (Khan 2006).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B4C3D5419FBF4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 91834. TYPE LOCALITY. 5 km SW of Nayband village at a distance of approx. 300 m to coast of Persian Gulf, Bushehr Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B4C3D5419FBF4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 39. Coastal areas of Bushehr Prov. HABITAT. The types were found in two abandoned buildings in a cliffy area approximately 100 m from the Persian Gulf coast.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B4BA455E1F984.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Kuh-e Taftan, Sargad, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran; restricted to Kuh-e Taftan by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B4BA455E1F984.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 40. Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. There are uncertain records from Kerman, Kerman Prov. (NHMW specimen) and Persepolis, Fars Prov., reported by Schmidt (1939) which lack any details concerning the specimens determination. HABITAT. “ ... sheer rocky cliffs in the mountains, river banks and dry channels; shady terraces, cracks, niches; occasionally, on loose fragments of rock boulders. It is most frequently found on granites and, less often, on conglomerates and other rocks. ” (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B49755576F8EA.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMMU R- 12626. TYPE LOCALITY. Takht-e-Jamshid [Persepolis], 60 km NE from Shiraz, Fars Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFA8FF5B49755576F8EA.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 41. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. Stony to rocky habitat where it inhabits vertical surfaces with a plenty of shelters (Nazarov et al. 2009). REFERENCES. Nazarov et al. (2009); Bauer et al. (2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFABFF5B485757AFFDF1.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Tor, Sinai, Egypt and Abyssinian [= Eritrean] coast; restricted to Tor by Mertens (1967).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFABFF5B485757AFFDF1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. West from Egypt along the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, Syria, S Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, NW India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 42. Most of Iran including the Mesopotamian Plain in the west through the Zagros and the central Plateau continuously to Afghanistan and Pakistan in the east. A recent record from the logistically important city of Rasht, Gilan Prov. could be explained as a range expansion facilitated by human mediated dispersal (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2010 a). HABITAT. A typical synanthropic gecko with strong affinity to human habitations. In Iran found on walls of inhabited and abandoned buildings, brick fences, garden walls or in dumping grounds; also dry scrubland and stony hillsides where it seeks refuge in crevices and fissures (Anderson 1999; Khan 2006).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9DFFABFF5B485757AFFDF1.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Based on available phylogenetic studies there are apparently some yet undescribed species closely related to C. scabrum (Červenka et al. 2008; Bauer et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFABFF5B4DAE55DEFC4A.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMMU R- 12390. TYPE LOCALITY. Nosratabad, 90 km W from Zahedan, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFABFF5B4DAE55DEFC4A.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 43. Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Dry low clay hills with poor shrubby vegetation. One of the paratypes was collected in a “ small, more humid intermountain valley, filled by coarse-grained alluvium and covered with rather dense shrub vegetation ” (Nazarov & Rajabizadeh 2007).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFABFF5B4DAE55DEFC4A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Closely related to C. scabrum (Pyron et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFABFF5B4BEB57CFF976.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Insel Masaua, Abyssinien [= Massawa Island, Eritrea].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFABFF5B4BEB57CFF976.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Coastal Red Sea from Egypt to Yemen and Somalia, around the shores of the Arabian Peninsula, Persian Gulf coast, Pakistan, E Afghanistan, N India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 44. Mostly along the Persian Gulf coast; a more inland record recently reported from Fars Prov. (Gholamifard et al. 2010). HABITAT. A typical house gecko bound to human settlements, ports, railway junctions etc. (Gallagher 1971; Khan 2009; Das et al. 2011; pers. obs).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFABFF5B4BEB57CFF976.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Given the high affinity of H. flaviviridis to urban areas and human settlements it is likely that this gecko has been introduced to the western parts of its range probably from India by humans (Anderson 1999). This assumption is in agreement with the coastal distribution and low genetic variability among animals from Ethiopia, Yemen, Oman, Pakistan, and India (Šmíd et al. 2013 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFABFF5B4B3752CFFB36.taxon	discussion	The genus Hemidactylus is divided into four genetically distinct and geographically almost exclusive clades (Carranza & Arnold 2006). The species living in Iran belong to the arid clade (H. persicus, H. robustus, H. turcicus, and probably also H. romeshkanicus) and to the tropical Asian clade (H. flaviviridis).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFAAFF5B482B568DFE59.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZSI 5961. TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Persia; restricted to Shiraz, Fars Prov. by Smith (1935).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFAAFF5B482B568DFE59.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Countries by the Persian Gulf — from Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Iran to Pakistan and India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 45. About 300 km wide belt along the Persian Gulf coast in Ilam, Lorestan, Khuzestan, Fars, Bushehr, Hormozgan, and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Inhabits trees, rocks and building wall in xerophytic areas. Anderson (1999) collected his specimens at night on surfaced roads. In Qatar found on the ground under wood, rocks and dry leaves (Castilla et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9EFFAAFF5B482B568DFE59.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Deep intraspecific diversification within Iranian specimens of H. persicus (Šmíd et al. 2013 a) and its close relation with an unidentified species from NW India (Bauer et al. 2010) indicate that H. persicus forms a complex of several cryptic species that needs to be revised with material from other parts of the species’ distribution.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFAAFF5B4D065793FA5E.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Egypten, Arabien, und Abysinien [= Egypt, Arabia, Ethiopia]; restricted to Abyssinia by Mertens (1967).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFAAFF5B4D065793FA5E.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Arabian Peninsula, shores of the Red Sea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 46. Coastal areas by the Persian Gulf in Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. including Qeshm and Larak islands; the Mesopotamian Plain and probably also Qazvin Prov. Its occurrence in Iran was first indicated by Moravec & Böhme (1997) and confirmed by Bauer et al. (2006). HABITAT. Usually found near human settlements, on walls of abandoned as well as inhabited buildings, under wooden and rocky debris.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFAAFF5B4D065793FA5E.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. There has been an ongoing discrepancy regarding the presence of H. turcicus in Iran. Hemidactylus turcicus was for long believed to occupy large territory from the western Mediterranean across the Arabian Peninsula and Mesopotamian Plain to Iran and Pakistan, until H. robustus was revalidated as a full species (Lanza 1990; Moravec & Böhme 1997) and the eastern parts of the formerly large range were assigned to the latter species. Morphologically these two species are very similar and can be easily confused. However, they are not closely related. Hemidactylus robustus belongs to a species group with mostly S Arabian distribution whereas H. turcicus is a member of a species group of Levant origin (Moravec et al. 2011; Šmíd et al. 2013 a). Based on the latest summarization of the distribution of both species (Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008) we believe that the records of H. turcicus from Iran should be referred to as H. robustus, although we have not seen the material. Also, recent records of H. turcicus from Iran (Werner 2006; Gholamifard & Rastegar-Pouyani 2011) are more likely misidentified specimens of H. robustus (see Fig. 2 in Gholamifard & Rastegar-Pouyani, 2011). Therefore all specimens determined in the source reference as H. turcicus are depicted in the map of H. robustus in Fig. 46 as dubious records. A single remote record from Turkmenistan by Obst (1984) was rejected as an accidentally imported specimen or museum error (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996). Peculiar remain also two animals collected near Qazvin by Guibé (1957) which are, however, also considered only accidental introductions along caravan routes (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFAAFF5B493C5460F8E1.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMB 75020. TYPE LOCALITY. Western slope of the central Zagros Mountains, Romeshkan region, Lorestan Prov., Iran. DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFAAFF5B493C5460F8E1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 47. Known only from the type locality in Lorestan Prov. HABITAT. The only available information says the habitat “ ... is mountainous and covered with scattered oak forest. The specimen ... was found under a large stone. ” (Torki et al. 2011 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFAAFF5B493C5460F8E1.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The species is believed to be a member of the arid clade of Hemidactylus (Šmíd et al. 2013 a). REFERENCES. Torki et al. (2011 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFADFF5B485B55B9FD42.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. USNM 193961. TYPE LOCALITY. 35 km E Gach Saran, Fars Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFADFF5B485B55B9FD42.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 48. SW Iran W of the Zagros. This gecko was for long thought to be distributed only in Fars and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Prov. (Anderson 1999; Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008), but recent extensive field work in western Iran resulted in numerous new records from Kermanshah, Hamadan, and Lorestan Prov. (Kami 1999; Nazari-Serenjeh & Torki 2008 a; Torki 2010 b; Karamiani & Rastegar-Pouyani 2011). HABITAT. Rocky Zagros foothill regions with sparse vegetation where the geckos seek for shelter in rock crevices and between boulders; also found on a wall of a residential building (Kami 1999; Karamiani & Rastegar-Pouyani 2011).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9FFFADFF5B485B55B9FD42.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Originally described as Bunopus, but later on reassigned to the genus Carinatogecko (Golubev & Szczerbak 1981), which has been, in turn, synonymized with Mediodactylus by Červenka et al. (2010). However, many authors do not accept this later synonymization and consider Carinatogecko a valid genus (see comments by Torki (2011 )), but without any support from phylogenetic analyses. Based on a distribution of key characters among examined specimens, Červenka et al. (2010) also tentatively concluded that M. aspratilis might be a junior synonym of M. heteropholis.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFADFF5B4C3F57A6FAA6.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ Hamadán in Persia occidentali ” [= Hamadan, Hamadan Prov., Iran].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFADFF5B4C3F57A6FAA6.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 49. West of the Zagros, most records are from Ilam, Lorestan, Kermanshah, and Hamadan Prov. There is an isolated record from Persepolis (Fars Prov.) doubted by many authors (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996; Anderson 1999; Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008), but latest findings confirm the presence of M. heterocercum also in Esfahan Prov. (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2009 a) and make this record more plausible. The Iranian part of the species range is occupied by the nominotypical subspecies; Turkey, Syria, and Iraq are inhabited by M. h. mardinensis Mertens. HABITAT. Occurs on boulders or under stones in rocky areas but also on walls of both abandoned and inhabited buildings.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFADFF5B4A1B5691F8C2.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. FMNH 74549. TYPE LOCALITY. Pirman Hotel, Salahedin, Salahedin Nahiya, Erbil Governorate, Iraq.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFADFF5B4A1B5691F8C2.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iraq and Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 50. Only four known localities in Ilam, Kermanshah, and Lorestan Prov. HABITAT. In Iran collected in semihumid Zagrosian oak forest, the types from Iraq were collected on the floor of a hotel porch.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFADFF5B4A1B5691F8C2.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Červenka et al. (2010) placed the genus Carinatogecko, which formerly contained C. aspratilis and C. heteropholis, in the synonymy of Mediodactylus. This taxonomic action, however, has not been accepted by many authors (Fathinia et al. 2011 a, c; Karamiani & Rastegar-Pouyani 2011; Sadeghi & Torki 2011; Torki 2011, 2012). Torki (2011) suggested that the specimen included by Červenka et al. (2010) and determined as Carinatogecko cf. heteropholis might by a misidentified specimen of M. heterocercum. If Torki’s assumption is correct, the validity of Carinatogecko might be maintained at least until more species of this genus are sequenced. Nevertheless, here we agree with Bauer et al. (2013) and follow the concept of Červenka et al. (2010).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFACFF5B48BF556FFDB4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. RUZM-GC 120.1. TYPE LOCALITY. Zarin-Abad region, Dehloran Township, Ilam Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFACFF5B48BF556FFDB4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 51. Known only from two specimens from the type locality. HABITAT. The type locality lies in an area of gypsum and lime deposits and is covered with different vegetation types mainly including grasses, bushes and shrubs (Capparidaceae: Capparis spinosa, Cleome oxypetala; Caryophyllaceae: Gypsophyla linearifolia, G. pallida; Chenopodiaceae: Halocharis sulphurea, Noaea mucronata, Salsola imbricate; Compositae: Achillea conferta; Rosaceae: Amygdalus arabica), and sparse trees (Pistachia atlantica and Quercus brantii). The specimens were collected on foothills heavily grazed by sheep and goats.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF98FFACFF5B48BF556FFDB4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Originally described under the genus Carinatogecko. For discussion on synonymization with Mediodactylus see Bauer et al. (2013) and remarks by M. heteropholis above.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFACFF5B4D6557FFFB69.taxon	materials_examined	LECTOTYPE. ZIL 3658; Lectotype ZIL 9334 a (M. r. zarudnyi), both designated by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986). TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Novo-Aleksandorvsk, Chodschent, Mangyschlak, Murza-Robat, Mohal-tau, Tschimkent, Tschinaz, des. Golodnaja, Utsch-Kurgan ad Naryn, Chark-Ukjur (ex. Nikolsky (1915 )). Restricted to Nowo-Aleksandrowsk by Mertens & Wermuth (1960); further restricted to “ ruins of old fortress at Novo-Aleksandrovskoye ” by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986) who also provide a detailed discussion on the type locality.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFACFF5B4D6557FFFB69.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, NE Iran, China. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 52. Eastern and northeastern Iran; new localities were recently published by Mahroo et al. (2013). HABITAT. Restricted to flatland desert and semidesert areas where it lives on tree trunks, cliffs in river and ravine plains, under rocks and on walls of ruined and inhabited buildings made of clay and stone.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFACFF5B4D6557FFFB69.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Eastern Iran is inhabited by the subspecies M. r. zarudnyi (Nikolsky). According to the latest phylogenetic studies (Gamble et al. 2012; Pyron et al. 2013), M. russowii together with its sister species, M. spinicauda, form a group isolated from other Mediodactylus and nested closer to a clade of Pseudoceramodactylus, Tropiocolotes, and Stenodactylus thus rendering the genus Mediodactylus paraphyletic.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFACFF5B4BD65710F934.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Bampur and Farra, SE Iran; restricted to Bampur, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFACFF5B4BD65710F934.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran and Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 53. Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Specimens were caught on tree trunks in an acacia forest and on a wall of a subterranean house (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFACFF5B4BD65710F934.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Mediodactylus sagittifer is considered a younger synonym of Cyrtopodion brevipes by Nazarov et al. (2012). It was recovered as closely related to M. kotschyi (Červenka et al. 2008).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFAFFF5B49E55691FE24.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIL 4047. TYPE LOCALITY. Shahrud, Semnan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFAFFF5B49E55691FE24.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 54. N and NE parts of the country, reported from Tehran, Semnan, Khorasan Razavi and South Khorasan Prov. HABITAT. The only information available from Iran is by Nazarov (2005), who found M. spinicauda in an intermontane argillaceous rubble plain with sparse vegetation consisting of wormwood and some species of saltwort and subshrub, which is in agreement with data from the Kopet Dagh piedmont in Turkmenistan (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF99FFAFFF5B49E55691FE24.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A sister species to M. russowii (Macey et al. 2000 b; Pyron et al. 2013). For discussion on the phylogenetic relationships among Mediodactylus and the paraphyly of the genus see remarks by M. russowii above.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAFFF5B4E955491FD5C.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 91901. TYPE LOCALITY. Tang-e-Gavshomar region (Ganj-Dare), Delphan City, Lorestan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAFFF5B4E955491FD5C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 55. The central Zagros Mountains (Lorestan and Markazi Prov.). HABITAT. Mountainous area with numerous rocks and stones which provide natural day shelters for the geckos. All localities from which M. stevenandersoni has been reported are covered with oak forest.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAFFF5B4E955491FD5C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Originally described under the genus Carinatogecko.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAFFF5B4CD5521EF94C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Syntypes collected at Alchorschir [Alkhorshid], Aguljaschker [Ab-e Lashkar? (locality position based on map by Szczerbak & Golubev (1996), Fig. 52)], Isfagan [Esfahan], and Bidezar [Bid Zard]; restricted to Bid Zard by Schmidtler & Schmidtler (1972) who, however, did not designate any lectotype, and again to Alkhorshid by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986) by lectotype designation. Therefore the restriction made by Szczerbak & Golubev is valid.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAFFF5B4CD5521EF94C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 56. The Mesopotamian Plain and western foothills of the Zagros (Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan, Markazi, Khuzestan, Esfahan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad, and Fars Prov.). A single record (SUHC collection) from Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. is dubious. HABITAT. Collected in an area characterized by rolling hills with limestone and gypsum outcroppings, ground with flat stones and vegetation consisting of scattered grasses, mosses, thorny shrubs, euphorbs, and scattered oaks.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAFFF5B4CD5521EF94C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Microgecko h. fasciatus (Schmidtler & Schmidtler) (type locality Dize [Sorkheh Dizeh], Kermanshah Prov.) occurs in the NW portion of the species range. However, it overlaps with the nominotypical subspecies in Lorestan Prov. Two records from the CUP collection from the central and southern part of the distribution have a high number of dorsal scales (character of M. h. fasciatus), indicating that this trait characterizes more intraspecific individual variability and that the subspecies M. h. fasciatus may not be valid, as also stated by Szczerbak & Golubev (1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAFFF5B4C3D53E4FC64.taxon	discussion	The genus Microgecko contains four species and is restricted to Iran, Pakistan, and India. Its former rank under Tropiocolotes has been intensely debated in the herpetological literature (Anderson 1961, 1999; Minton & Anderson 1965; Guibé 1966 a; Minton et al. 1970; Kluge 1983; Leviton et al. 1992; Szczerbak & Golubev 1996), but recent phylogenetic studies clearly show the distinctness of these genera (Bauer et al. 2013; Pyron et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAEFF5B482D578FFEEC.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. CAS 134365. TYPE LOCALITY. Kerman, Kerman Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9AFFAEFF5B482D578FFEEC.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 57. The central Iranian Plateau and the eastern and southern Zagros foothills. HABITAT. Specimens reported by Moravec & Černý (1994) were found under stones on the shore of a small stream, in a wadi and on a mountain ridge. Animals in Mahan, Kerman Prov. were found under large dirt boulders near cultivated gardens (pers. obs.).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFAEFF5B4E4D5691FB99.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIL 10005; Holotype CAS 86408 (M. p. bakhtiari). TYPE LOCALITY. Vicus Degak in terra Dizak, Persia orient. [= Dehak, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFAEFF5B4E4D5691FB99.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Pakistan, India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 58. S Iran from Khuzestan to Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. in a belt of about 300 km along the Persian Gulf shores. HABITAT. Found in various types of habitats from mountain or hilly regions with various degree of forestation to sand dunes on sedimentary plains. Karamiani et al. (2013) collected specimens of M. p. bakhtiari Minton, Anderson & Anderson on gypsum foothills with scarce vegetation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFAEFF5B4E4D5691FB99.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. There are two subspecies occurring in Iran: the nominotypical one in the east of the country and M. p. bakhtiari in Khuzestan and Bushehr Prov. The two subspecies can be distinguished on the basis of different dorsal colour pattern, M. p. bakhtiari having dark crossbars broader than interspaces while the pattern in M. p. persicus is the opposite. However, Rajabizadeh et al. (2010 a) found varying dorsal pattern among specimens from a locality in Hormozgan Prov. and assumed that there is a clinal variation in the width of dorsal bands across Iran. There is a single specimen in the MCZ collection (MCZ R- 127395) from “ 35 km E of Gach Saran ”, Fars Prov., supposedly belonging to M. p. euphorbiacola Minton, Anderson & Anderson, a subspecies distributed in S Pakistan and NW India, which we consider wrongly determined based on its location, but closer examination of the specimen is needed.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFAEFF5B4A3555F8F9A4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. CAS 84458. TYPE LOCALITY. Al Khobar, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFAEFF5B4A3555F8F9A4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Regions around the Persian Gulf (Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, UAE, Oman, Iran). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 59. Qeshm Island in the Strait of Hormuz (Dakhteh et al. 2007). HABITAT. A typical flatland dweller living on sandy or compact saline soils with widely spaced bushes. REFERENCES. Haas (1957); Arnold (1980 a); Dakhteh et al. (2007).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFAEFF5B4915521DF884.taxon	discussion	A very little known genus containing only two species with the distribution restricted to Iran and Pakistan. Szczerbak & Golubev (1986) placed it in the synonymy of Agamura. Contrary to them, Anderson (1999) did not find any of the representatives closely related to A. persica and considered the genus Rhinogekko justified. Most authors misspell the genus name to Rhinogecko [sic] (Khan 2002, 2004; Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2008; Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008; Moradi et al. 2011; Masroor 2012; Bauer et al. 2013). Nevertheless, the name is derived from the etymon Gekko and must be spelled Rhinogekko as given in the original description.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFA1FF5B487552BEFDB4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. BMNH 1946.8. 20.48 (ex. BMNH 12.3.26.12). TYPE LOCALITY. Kharan, Baluchistan, Pakistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFA1FF5B487552BEFDB4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran and Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 60. Extreme eastern Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. The only available information is from Pakistan by Minton (1966) who collected his specimens near rocky outcrops in sandy habitats.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF9BFFA1FF5B487552BEFDB4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The two Iranian localities of R. femoralis mentioned by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986; Koh-i Taftan and Mirjawe [Meer Jawe]), are doubted to be situated in Iran by Anderson (1999). The species is also not listed in the last country checklist (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2008). The Koh-i Taftan specimens were apparently collected at Taftan, a railway station in Pakistan about 2 km east of the border. Also de Witte (1980), who studied the material, states that all specimens were from W Pakistan. However, Mirjawe is a city in Iran about 2 km west of the Pakistani border and because precise location of the specimens cannot be specified, and the Iranian Mirjawe cannot be ruled out, we tentatively include this locality here as the only place in Iran this species is known from.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4D65558BFC2C.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. IRSNB 2514. TYPE LOCALITY. Dasht-e Lut (30 ° 13 ' N, 58 ° 47 ' E), Kerman Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4D65558BFC2C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran and Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 61. Known only from the Dasht-e Lut desert from South Khorasan and Kerman Prov. HABITAT. The types were caught in an area devoid of vegetation. Moradi et al. (2011) collected three specimens on gravel plains with sparse vegetation dominated by Seidlitzia rosmarinus and Tamarix sp.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4D65558BFC2C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Anderson (1999) found R. misonnei doubtfully distinct from R. femoralis.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4A85531CF8A9.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. CAS 84321. TYPE LOCALITY. Abqaiq, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4A85531CF8A9.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. The southeastern Arabian Peninsula (Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Oman, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Iran). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig 63. Known only from one recently recorded locality in Khuzestan Prov. (Fathinia et al. 2014). HABITAT. Areas of windblown sand and sand dunes with sparse shrubby vegetation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4A85531CF8A9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A sister species to S. sharqiyahensis Metallinou & Carranza from eastern Oman (Metallinou & Carranza 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4C8D578DFAD4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Tanjistan, Persia [Tangestan, Bushehr Prov., Iran].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4C8D578DFAD4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iraq, Kuwait, Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 62. Restricted to the Mesopotamian Plain (Ilam, Khuzestan Prov.) and areas along the Persian Gulf coast (Bushehr and Hormozgan Prov.). HABITAT. The Iranian specimens were caught in “ ... a gravelled site on gypsum foothills with Alhagi camelorum vegetation ” (Fathinia et al. 2009), under stones in a cultivated field and on an unpaved road (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA1FF5B4C8D578DFAD4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The closest relatives of S. affinis are S. grandiceps from the Levant and S. slevini from the Arabian Peninsula (Metallinou et al. 2012).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA0FF5B481655A9FE24.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MZUT R 3011. TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Bandar Abbas, later on corrected by the same author (Blanford 1876) to “ one [day’s] march from Bandar Abbas on road to Kerman ” [Bushehr Prov., Iran].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA0FF5B481655A9FE24.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, and the Arabian Peninsula. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 64. Along the Persian Gulf shore in Khuzestan, Bushehr and Hormozgan Prov. HABITAT. Bound to loose sand, sand dunes with scattered low shrubs, sandy torrent beds and other habitats with loose substrates.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF94FFA0FF5B481655A9FE24.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Arnold’s (1980 a) phylogenetic hypothesis based on morphological characters is in agreement with the latest DNA analyses (Metallinou et al. 2012; Pyron et al. 2013) in placing S. doriae to the sister position to S. leptocosymbotes (Leviton & Anderson).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA0FF5B4D96548EFBF4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Baku, Azerbaijan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA0FF5B4D96548EFBF4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Transcaucasia, S Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, N Afghanistan, and N and E Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 65. W of the Caspian Sea, the eastern Alborz and Kopet Dagh ranges, along the Afghan border to the Zabol region in Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. Two isolated and dubious records from Kermanshah and Fars Prov. require further confirmation (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996). HABITAT. Vertical cliffs and rocky faces; also found in anthropogenic habitats on brick walls, stone fences, and other abandoned structures as well as on inhabited buildings.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA0FF5B4BA55691F9D9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Neh [Nehbandan], South Khorasan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA0FF5B4BA55691F9D9.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Turkmenistan, E Iran, W Afghanistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 66. Border region by Afghanistan and Pakistan (Khorasan Razavi, South Khorasan, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.); two records from the central deserts (extreme eastern Yazd and Khorasan Razavi Prov.). HABITAT. Iranian specimens were collected on walls of mud-brick buildings and between rocks on bare, rocky hills in dry, open country (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA0FF5B4BA55691F9D9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The Iranian populations are assigned to the subspecies T. l. longipes. Tenuidactylus voraginosus (Leviton & Anderson), an Afghan species previously considered a subspecies of T. longipes, is now regarded a full species (Bauer et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA0FF5B4E9553EFFD29.taxon	discussion	Although described as a separate genus, it was for long treated as a subgenus of Cyrtopodion (Böhme 1985; Anderson 1999; Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008). Recent phylogenetic studies show the distinctness of Tenuidactylus and prove its genus level is justified (Gamble et al. 2012; Bauer et al. 2013). However, its phylogenetic position with respect to Cyrtopodion has not been satisfactorily resolved. Červenka et al. (2008) and Pyron et al. (2013) placed it between the agamuroides and scabrum groups of Cyrtopodion, thus rendering Cyrtopodion paraphyletic.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA3FF5B4986552BFF79.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIK Re N o. 10. TYPE LOCALITY. Agashly near Kushka, Badghyz, Turkmenistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA3FF5B4986552BFF79.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 67. Known only from an unverified record from Gorgan, Golestan Prov. (NHMW specimen), a locality remarkably distant from the rest of the species range in N Afghanistan. HABITAT. In Turkmenistan this gecko inhabits vertical limestone cliffs with predominantly southern exposure, it is absent from taluses and individual rocky boulders (Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF95FFA3FF5B4986552BFF79.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The actual occurrence of T. turcmenicus in Iran needs to be proven.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4936568DF815.taxon	materials_examined	SYNTYPES. BMNH 1946.9.3.54 – 55, BMNH 1946.9.8.33 – 34, BMNH 1946.9.8.43 – 44. TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ Perse et Béloutchistan ”; syntypes from Bam and Jask [Iran] and Dasht and Mand [Pakistan], although Boulenger (1921) listed only Bam and Mand.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4936568DF815.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. SE Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and N Oman. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 70. Hormozgan, Kerman, and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. In Iran confined to lowland sandy habitats with scattered Acacia and Tamarix (Anderson 1999; Heidari & Kami 2009).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4936568DF815.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Both morphology and DNA data recover A. blanfordii as a sister species of A. schmidti (Arnold 1983; Harris & Arnold 2000).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4E055533FD5C.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 92344. TYPE LOCALITY. Nayband, Asalouyeh, Bushehr Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4E055533FD5C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 68. Known with certainty only from Bushehr and Fars Prov. HABITAT. The types were collected under stones in a semi desert habitat vegetated with Calotropis procera, Ficus religiosa, Lycium edgewothii, Prosopis cineraria, P. juliflor, Ziziphus spina-christi, and Zygophyllum atriplicoides. Another specimen from Fars Prov. was collected on a hillside amongst sparse xerophytic vegetation (Gholamifard et al. 2010).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4E055533FD5C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Tropiocolotes naybandensis is a member of the T. steudneri / nattereri species group with the centre of distribution in NW Africa (Egypt, Sudan) and the Levant (Krause et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4C3D5576FA31.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Known only from S Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 69. Fars, Bushehr, and Hormozgan Prov. including Qeshm Island. HABITAT. Mainland Iranian localities are situated in coastal sedimentary steppe between the Zagros and the sea. The inland localities reported by Rajabizadeh et al. (2010 b) were of various vegetation and soil type, a steep flood plain with sandy soil admixed with sandstone and sparse vegetation dominated by Acacia and Ziziphus trees, a salty clayey valley with a sparsely scattered Tamarix, and a highly eroded mountain side plain characterized by sandy to clayey soil and sparse vegetation comprising Halocnemum, Salsola, and Salsoletum shrubs and Acacia, Calotropis, Prosopsis, and Ziziphus trees.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF96FFA3FF5B4C3D5576FA31.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. This species has been referred to as T. cf. steudneri in previous studies. After the populations from the central Saudi Arabia were recognized as a separate species, T. wolfgangboehmei Wilms, Shobrak & Wagner, and the distribution of T. steudneri (Peters) was confined to Africa (Wilms et al. 2010; Sindaco et al. 2013) it became obvious that it is zoogeographically extremely unlikely that the Iranian populations belong to T. steudneri. Moreover, recent morphological analysis recovered this species very distinct from T. steudneri, being closer to T. wolfgangboehmei and T. bisharicus (Krause et al. 2013). Based on this evidence we therefore do not consider this species even closely related to T. steudneri. It still awaits its description.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4FB5558FFD5C.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MNHN 2762; Syntypes BMNH 1946.8.4.83 – 90 (A. b. euphraticus). TYPE LOCALITY. “ L’Ile Saint-Dominigue ”, in error according to Anderson (1999), who considers Mediterranean Egypt more probable.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4FB5558FFD5C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. An extensive range from Western Sahara and Mauritania through all North African countries to the Levant, S Turkey, Iraq, the whole Arabian Peninsula, and marginally W Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 71. Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan, Khuzestan Prov. HABITAT. The first specimens reported from Iran were collected on sandy hills covered by Astragalus (RastegarPouyani 1999 c). Hosseinian Yousefkhani et al. (2012 b) reports habitat composed of gypsum and limestone deposits with deep crevices and holes. Associated with annual grasses, Amygdalus and Graminaceae (Nazarov et al 2011).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4FB5558FFD5C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The only available phylogenetic study which compared A. boskianus specimens from a larger part of its immense range suggests that the species is formed by several isolated evolutionary lineages (Harris & Arnold 2000). The subspecies A. b. euphraticus Boulenger (type locality Ramadieh [= Ramadi, Al-Anbar Governorate, Iraq]) occurs in Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4C3D53F5FB0C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Ramnuggar [= Ramnagar], India.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4C3D53F5FB0C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Extreme SE Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, NW India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 72. Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Loose sand with vegetation dominated by Tamarix and annual shrubs.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4C3D53F5FB0C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Recorded from Iran relatively recently (Mozaffari 2010). Acanthodactylus cantoris was thought to be closely related to A. blanfordii which was, in fact, originally described as a variety of the former. Although the species differ only in minor osteological and hemipenial features, phylogenetic analysis of the genus suggests that A. cantoris is sister to A. masirae Arnold from Oman (Harris & Arnold 2000).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4BED52F0FA6C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Jerud and Ataïbé, E of Damascus, and near Khun Agach, between Damascus and Kutaïfé, Syria. DISTRIBUTION. The Mesopotamian Plain from Israel and Jordan to Syria, N Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait and W Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 73. Khuzestan and Bushehr Prov. HABITAT. Active sand dunes with low thorny shrubs.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4ACD5459F884.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. RUZM 146. TYPE LOCALITY. 7 km E of Khamir port, Hormozgan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4ACD5459F884.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 74. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. Calcareous mountains and mountain foothills void of any vegetation except isolated scattered shrubs of Peganum (Zygophyllaceae) under and inside which the lizards take refuge.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA2FF5B4ACD5459F884.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Acanthodactylus khamirensis belongs to the micropholis species group (Heidari et al. 2013). REFERENCES. Heidari et al. (2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA5FF5B48755331FE59.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally Gedrosia, Baluchistan; specified by Smith (1935) to Magas, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF97FFA5FF5B48755331FE59.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. SE Iran, W Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 75. Sistan and Baluchistan, Hormozgan Prov. So far only a single record from Kerman Prov. (specimen deposited in the Tehran museum, see Anderson (1999 )) has been published. Nevertheless, it is very likely that the species distribution spans across this province continuously. Recently, Kamali (2013 b) reported the first record of A. micropholis from Bushehr Prov. situated 480 km W of the previously confirmed westernmost locality. HABITAT. Unlike most other members of the genus confined to sand, A. micropholis is in Iran mostly found on gravel or hard soil substrate with scattered shrubby vegetation. On the other hand, Pakistani populations inhabit sandy stream beds and canyons (Minton 1966; Khan 2006).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA5FF5B4D065557FC2C.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. GNHM 5145. TYPE LOCALITY. 5 km S of Qasr-e-Shirin, Kermanshah Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA5FF5B4D065557FC2C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 76. Known only from the type locality and its vicinity. HABITAT. Sandy and stony hills with luxuriant bushes including Alhagi, Artemisia, Astragalus, Euphorbia, Tamarix, and Zygophyllum.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA5FF5B4D065557FC2C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The type locality lies about 7 km E of the borders with Iraq, therefore the occurrence of A. nilsoni in Iraq can be expected.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA5FF5B4C8D52F0FB44.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. CAS 84599. TYPE LOCALITY. Dhahran, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA5FF5B4C8D52F0FB44.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. The Arabian Peninsula including S Jordan, Iraq, and westernmost Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 77. Khuzestan and Bushehr Prov. HABITAT. Active sand dunes with sparse vegetation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA5FF5B4C8D52F0FB44.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Described by Haas (1957) as a subspecies of A. cantoris, subsequently elevated to a species level by Arnold (1980 b). Its closest relative seems to be A. blanfordii (Harris & Arnold 2000).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA5FF5B4A3555F2FA4F.taxon	discussion	This genus consists of only two species — A. cappadocica and A. yassujica. Recent phylogenetic study of the genus brought an evidence of exceptionally high level of intraspecific variation among populations (recognized as distinct subspecies) of A. cappadocica (Kapli et al. 2013). Even more interesting was the phylogenetic position of A. yassujica which was nested within A. cappadocica urmiana as a sister group to its Iranian populations and rendering A. cappadocica paraphyletic with respect to A. yassujica.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA4FF5B493657ABFF79.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. Lost (Eiselt 1979); Holotype ZIL 12657 b (A. c. urmiana). TYPE LOCALITY. Erdschias-Dagh [= Mount Erciyes, Kayseri Prov., Turkey]; the second syntype from Burdur [Buldur], Turkey, is misidentified Anatololacerta danfordi (Günther) (Eiselt 1979); type locality of the Iranian subspecies A. c. urmiana is Kherra, Berdesur River Gorge, West Azerbaijan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA4FF5B493657ABFF79.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Turkey, N Syria, N Iraq, W Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 78. Confined to the provinces adjoining Iraq (West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Kordestan, Kermanshah, Ilam Prov.). HABITAT. Vertical rock walls and rocky outcrops. Anderson (1999) observed this species in a narrow gorge with steep, loose, rocky slopes with overgrazed steppe vegetation with Crataegus, Juglans, Olea, and Pistacia trees.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF90FFA4FF5B493657ABFF79.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. All Iranian populations are attributed to A. c. urmiana Lantz & Suchow (for map of the distribution of all A. cappadocica subspecies see Kapli et al. (2013 )).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4E265362FDB4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. GNM 5612. TYPE LOCALITY. 30 km SW Yasuj, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Prov., Iran (coordinates given by the authors are situated in Fars Prov.).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4E265362FDB4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 79. Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad, Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari, and Fars Prov. HABITAT. Vertical rock faces on rocky slopes in open Quercus forests (Nilson et al. 2003).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4D6552D2FD04.taxon	discussion	The name Darevskia became officially public in 1999 (Arribas 1999), but it was first used in an unpublished PhD thesis by the same author handed in 1997, and as such should be referred to (Arribas, in litt.).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4DF55415FC41.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 94109. TYPE LOCALITY. Beliroon, Amol, Mazandaran Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4DF55415FC41.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 80. The Hyrcanian forest in Mazandaran Prov. HABITAT. Tree trunks and forest floor.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4DF55415FC41.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Recently recognized as a distinct species in the D. chlorogaster complex.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4B3E57B7F981.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Enzeli [= Bandar Anzali, Gilan Prov., Iran].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4B3E57B7F981.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Azerbaijan, N Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 81. Western part of the Caspian Sea coast (Gilan and Mazandaran Prov.). HABITAT. A forest species inhabiting the deciduous Hyrcanian forests on the northern foothills of the Alborz. It readily climbs tree trunks and rock walls in search of patches of sunlight.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA4FF5B4B3E57B7F981.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Prior to the taxonomic changes proposed by Ahmadzadeh et al. (2013 a) D. chlorogaster was considered widely distributed along the Caspian Sea coasts from Azerbaijan up to the central Kopet Dagh. However, Ahmadzadeh et al. (2013 a) recognized the eastern populations as two distinct species (D. caspica and D. kamii) and restricted D. chlorogaster to the western part of the coast (Gilan and Mazandaran Prov.). Aside from the Caspian range there is a single record from Qom from the city gardens which is believed to be a result of an inadvertent import with vegetation from the Caspian area (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA7FF5B497E57FFFF79.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Lar Valley, Damavand, Mazandaran Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA7FF5B497E57FFFF79.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 82. Southern coast of the Caspian Sea on both the northern and southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains (Ardabil, Gilan, Zanjan, Qazvin, Mazandaran, and Tehran Prov.). HABITAT. Hill slopes with loose scree and rocky outcrops and shrubby vegetation. Recorded from up to 3355 m of elevation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF91FFA7FF5B497E57FFFF79.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. As in the case of D. chlorogaster, the previously known distribution was split up into ranges of four independent and geographically non-overlapping species (D. kopetdaghica, D. schaekeli, D. steineri, and D. defilippii) after the revision of the D. defilippii complex by Ahmadzadeh et al. (2013 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4E265415FD91.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 94118. TYPE LOCALITY. Naharkhoran Forest, Gorgan, Golestan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4E265415FD91.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 83. Eastern part of the Hyrcanian forest in the Golestan Prov. HABITAT. Tree trunks and forest floor.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4E265415FD91.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A member of the D. chlorogaster species complex, a sister species to a clade formed by D. chlorogaster and D. caspica (Ahmadzadeh et al. 2013 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4D4E5415FCF1.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 94124. TYPE LOCALITY. Sarani Protected Area, Kopet Dagh, North Khorasan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4D4E5415FCF1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran and Turkmenistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 84. North Khorasan Prov. HABITAT. Grassy alpine vegetation (e. g., Acantholimon and Astragalus) and rocky outcrops.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4CAE559EFA9C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. ZIL, collection number unknown (Uetz 2013); Holotype SNP No. 1473 (5) (D. p. hyrcanica). TYPE LOCALITY. Nardzana [= Kislowodsk, S Russia fide Tuniyev et al. (2011)].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4CAE559EFA9C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. A species with a disjunct range. Darevskia p. pontica (Lantz & Cyrén) (regarded a full species by Tuniyev et al. (2011) and Sos et al. (2012 )) occurs in the Balkans, the western part of the range. South Russia and W Transcaucasia are inhabited by the nominotypical subspecies. Populations from SE Azerbaijan and N Iran were assigned to a distinct subspecies, D. p. hyrcanica Tuniyev, Doronin, Kidov & Tuniyev, by Tuniyev et al. (2011). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 85. Confined to a relatively small region by the SW Caspian Sea (Ardabil and Gilan Prov.). HABITAT. Open places in forested areas (pastures and hayfields) close to water reservoirs and places with moist soil (Tuniyev et al. 2011).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4A7D5258F839.taxon	materials_examined	LECTOTYPE. SMF 12054, designated by Mertens (1967); Holotype RUZM- LL 70.1 (D. r. chaldoranensis); Holotype NMW 32999 (D. r. vanensis).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4A7D5258F839.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ Njuwady im mittleren Araxesthal ” [= Nyuvadi, Armenia].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4A7D5258F839.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Transcaucasia south of the Grater Caucasus range, E Turkey, NW Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 86. The NW projection of the country (West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan, and Gilan Prov.). There are two subspecies occurring in this relatively small area: the nominotypical one in the eastern part of the range and D. r. chaldoranensis Rastegar-Pouyani, Karamiani, Oraei, Khosrawani & Rastegar-Pouyani in the west. HABITAT. Various rocky habitats as barren rocks, rocky river banks, stony habitats in forest and mountain steppes, ruins, and stone walls.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF92FFA7FF5B4A7D5258F839.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Although Anderson (1999) tentatively assigned the populations north of Lake Urmia [Urumiyeh] to D. r. vanensis (Eiselt, Schmidtler & Darevsky), Rastegar-Pouyani et al. (2011 b) re-assigned them to D. r. chaldoranensis.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4FB55415FE01.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 94200. TYPE LOCALITY. Firouzkooh, Tehran Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4FB55415FE01.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 87. Along the Alborz range in N Iran (Tehran, Mazandaram, and Golestan Prov.). HABITAT. Alpine vegetation, rocky outcrops and loose scree at elevations from 1720 m to 2198 m a. s. l.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4FB55415FE01.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A sister species to D. steineri (Ahmadzadeh et al. 2013 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4EFE5547FCF1.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. NMW 33715. TYPE LOCALITY. Gole-Loweh near Minou-dasht, Golestan Prov. Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4EFE5547FCF1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 88. A small area in Golestan Prov. It was known only from the type specimens until Rastegar-Pouyani et al. (2013 b) discovered a population about 35 km NE from the type locality. HABITAT. Darevskia steineri climbs trees and rocks in dense Hyrcanian forests consisting of	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4A1E55C3F981.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. BMNH 1946.8. 7.46 (ex. BMNH 86.9.21.88). TYPE LOCALITY. Between Nushki and Helmand, Northern Baluchistan [Afghanistan or Pakistan].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4A1E55C3F981.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Helmand basin in E Iran, S Afghanistan, W Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 89. The area E of Zabol near the Afghan borders, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Loose drifting sand and sand dunes in which they rapidly burrow when threatened.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B497E55DCF839.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MMTT 1671. TYPE LOCALITY. 40 – 45 km E of Darja-i Nimek [= Daryacheh-ye Namak] lake (34 ° 30 ' N, 52 ° 40 ' E), Dasht-e Kavir, Semnan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B497E55DCF839.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 90. Known only from three localities in the western Dasht-e Kavir desert, Semnan Prov. HABITAT. Sandy areas in a stony desert with shrubby vegetation. They can climb well on shrubs.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FF93FFA6FF5B4CAE5364FAA1.taxon	discussion	A species-rich genus containing currently 35 species (Uetz 2013). The distribution spans from E Europe to E China and Korea, most species occur in Central Asia, China, and on the Iranian Plateau. The genus is traditionally divided into five subgenera as proposed by Szczerbak (1974): Eremias, Ommateremias, Pareremias, Rhabderemias, Scapteira. This division is supported by the hemipenial morphology (Arnold 1986 b), but species assignment to individual subgenera remains inconsistent (Arnold 1986 b; Anderson 1999; Guo et al. 2011). In addition, Scapteira and Rhabderemias were reconstructed as polyphyletic (Guo et al. 2011). Many phylogenetic studies failed to find sister group to Eremias. The genus was recognized as a part of a clade containing the Palearctic genera Acanthodactylus, Mesalina, Omanosaura and Ophisops and the Sub-Saharan Adolfus and Holaspis on the basis of both morphological and genetic data (Arnold 1989; Mayer & Pavlicev 2007; Hipsley et al. 2009). Latest phylogeny of all squamate reptiles (Pyron et al. 2013) recovered Eremias as a sister to the South African lacertids.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4FB55783FD61.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ Irtin australiorem, rarius circa M. Caspium ” [= southern Irtin, ... Caspian Sea, W Kazakhstan] as given by Pallas (1773); Ural and Emba rivers according to Szczerbak (1974).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4FB55783FD61.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Wide range spanning from the Eastern Europe through Central Asia to NW China and Mongolia. Southern limit formed by Transcaucasia and N Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 91. Confirmed records are from West and East Azerbaijan and Ardabil Prov. Records from Shahrud, Semnan Prov. by Bedriaga (1879) and from “ Kuhistan ” by Werner (1936) as well as specimens deposited in the ZMB museum allegedly from Tehran are doubtful and require confirmation. HABITAT. Ahmadzadeh et al. (2008) collected specimens in a harvested barley field. Other reports are from unforested ridges with scanty herbaceous vegetation (Sobolevsky 1929).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4FB55783FD61.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The subspecific status of the Iranian populations is not clear. Geographically closest and the potential candidates are E. a. deserti Gmelin known from the E Transcaucasia and E. a. transcaucasica Darevsky from Armenia. The only record since Anderson (1999) was provided by Ahmadzadeh et al. (2008) who, however, did not determine the animal to any subspecies.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4DDE550AFB69.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ Karman et Gedrosia ” [= Kerman and Baluchistan]; restricted to Saidabad [Zeydabad], SW of Kerman by Smith (1935), but later Szczerbak (1974) designated a lectotype from Kerman, although elsewhere in his paper (p. 245) he still gives Saidabad as the type locality.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4DDE550AFB69.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. E Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 92. All provinces east of the 55 ° meridian and south of the Kopet Dagh. The record by Mozaffari & Parham (2007) from Esfahan Prov. and that in the Vienna museum (NHMW 36761) from Kashan are dubious. More plausibly they could be a misidentified E. andersoni distributed in the area and having the same dorsal colour pattern of alternating dark and light longitudinal stripes. HABITAT. Sandy or gravelly plains or silty alluvia with scattered steppe shrubby vegetation (Acacia, Alhagi, Artemisia, Tamarix) under which these lizards seek refuge.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4BD652F5F9D9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ ... östlich vom Aralsee ... Karakum und Kisilkum ” [= East of the Aral Sea, Karakum, and Kyzyl-Kum, Turkmenistan]; lectotype from Karakum, Turkmenistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4BD652F5F9D9.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NE Iran, Central Asian republics, W China. The distribution of E. grammica seems virtually identical to those of E. intermedia, E. lineolata, and E. scripta (Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 93. Restricted to NE Iran to an area by the Afghan borders and just S of the Kopet Dagh. HABITAT. Sand dunes and still-loose sands with psammophilous vegetation (Haloxylon, Tamarix).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF99FF5B4BD652F5F9D9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Closely related to E. pleskei from S Transcaucasia and NW Iran (Pyron et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF98FF5B49865720FF54.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ ... deserto aralo-caspico ”; Kyzyl-Kum, Aralo-Caspian desert, Turkmenistan, by lectotype designation by Szczerbak (1974); detailed discussion on the types was provided by Bauer & Günther (1995).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF98FF5B49865720FF54.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Central Asia, N Afghanistan, extreme NE Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 94. Khorasan Razavi and South Khorasan Prov. The record by Hojati et al. (2009) from Semnan Prov. is questionable. HABITAT. Arid habitats such as sand dunes and stabilized sands with rodent burrows used as refuge.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFACFF98FF5B49865720FF54.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Possibly conspecific with E. nigrocellata (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4E05540FFD29.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. (MMTT / AHI 1008) CAS 238636. TYPE LOCALITY. Maranjab sand dunes, Esfahan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4E05540FFD29.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 95. Known only from the type locality and its immediate vicinity. HABITAT. Confined to sandy microhabitat of sand dunes dominated by the dune weed, Stipagrostis pennata. It is never found in the surrounding gravelly areas.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4E05540FFD29.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Based on strict habitat preferences, Mozaffari & Parham (2007) hypothesize this species to be endemic to the Maranjab sand dunes.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4D965209FB99.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIK 4. TYPE LOCALITY. Vicinity of Ai-Dere-Tuzli-Tepe, Kara-Kalinskii, Turkmenistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4D965209FB99.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. N Iran, and S Turkmenistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 96. Throughout the Kopet Dagh and adjoining areas (Golestan, Semnan, North Khorasan, and Khorasan Razavi Prov.). HABITAT. Rocky submontane regions with scattered stones and boulders and with Astragalus and Artemisia shrubs (Hosseinian Yousefkhani et al. 2013 e).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4D965209FB99.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Considered a subspecies of E. strauchi until its recent elevation to a species level (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. in press).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4B465353F9A4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. NMP 6 V 34555 / 3. TYPE LOCALITY. Lalezhar [Laleh Zar], Kerman Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B4B465353F9A4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 97. Kerman Prov.; until recently known only from the type locality, second distribution record was published by Hosseinian Yousefkhani & Rastegar-Pouyani (2013 b). HABITAT. The types were collected in open fields with large solitary stones washed down from the slopes of Mt. Lalehzar. The area is a degraded steppe with vegetation consisting of Artemisia herba-alba, Astragalus, Ferula, Salvia, and Zygophyllum; and gardens and fields with Ligurus sativus and poplar, wet meadows with Carex, Eleocharis, Juncus, Mentha, Orchis, and Pedicularis. The new locality by Hosseinian Yousefkhani & RastegarPouyani (2013 b) at 2890 m of altitude is characterized by a cold montane climate with relatively wet conditions.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B49155341F839.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Not specified in the original description; Szczerbak (1974) designated a lectotype from between Feyzabad and Nusi, Khorasan Razavi Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFADFF98FF5B49155341F839.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NE Iran, Central Asia, N Afghanistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 98. Eastern part of the country adjoining Afghanistan and Turkmenistan (Khorasan Razavi, South Khorasan Prov.); a single record from the Zabol area, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Arid habitats such as sand dunes and loess with sparse turfs of grasses. Found syntopic with E. intermedia by the Turkmen borders (Hosseinian Yousefkhani & Rastegar-Pouyani 2013 a).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4FB55691FD29.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. Only a field number given, P 168. TYPE LOCALITY. 60 km NE of Kermanshah, Kermanshah Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4FB55691FD29.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 99. Apart from two localities in Kermanshah Prov. known from the locality Qorveh in Kordestan Prov. HABITAT. Highland steppe in the Zagros Mountains at 1800 m elevation with luxuriant vegetation of Amigdalus, Artemisia, Astragalus, Euphorbia and various grass species.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4FB55691FD29.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A member of the E. persica species complex. It belongs together with a central Zagros population of E. persica and an undescribed species from Ardabil Prov. to a basal group sister to the remaining E. persica complex populations (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2010 b). Since the gender of Eremias is feminine (Sindaco et al. 2013), the name should be spelled as ‘ montana ’, not ‘ montanus ’ as it appears in the original description.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4D9654B6FBF4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Not mentioned in the original description; given as Sistan, Iran by Szczerbak (1974).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4D9654B6FBF4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. A discontinuous range; the western part in NE Iran and S Turkmenistan is separated from the populations in N Afghanistan, SW Tajikistan, and S Uzbekistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 100. A belt along the Afghan and Turkmen borders from northernmost Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. through South Khorasan, and Khorasan Razavi to Semnan and Golestan Prov. HABITAT. Hard loess soils, sometimes with admixture of sand or pebbles, and with ephemeral vegetation. The Iranian populations occur between 1300 and 1700 m a. s. l. (Leviton & Anderson 1970).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4D9654B6FBF4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Some authors considered this species to be a subspecies of E. intermedia (Nikolsky 1903, 1907; Boulenger 1921) and even Anderson (1963, 1999) was not convinced that these two forms are distinct.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4BA55538F9BA.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. A series of numbers given in the original description (RUZM 96 T- 104 T), none specified for the holotype. TYPE LOCALITY. 21 km SW of Hamadan, Hamadan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4BA55538F9BA.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 101. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. Stony hills and mountainous steppes with vegetation consisting mainly of Astragalus, Euphorbia, and Gondelium.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B4BA55538F9BA.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. We follow Sindaco & Jeremčenko (2008) in using the spelling ‘ nova’ instead of ‘ novo ’ as it was originally described since the gender of Eremias is feminine.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B49655433F81D.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 91701. TYPE LOCALITY. Sooleghan Mountains, Alborz Mountain Range, Tehran Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B49655433F81D.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 102. Known only from two nearby localities where the holotype and paratypes were collected. HABITAT. Mild rocky slopes with vegetation dominated by Amygdalus, Astragalus, and annual grass.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAEFF9BFF5B49655433F81D.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Although E. papenfussi is known from a very restricted area, Mozaffari et al. (2011 b) expected it to be distributed throughout the central Alborz based on habitat uniformity in this region.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4FB5568FFC1F.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ ... omnibus fere planitiebus Persicis ” [= almost all Persian lowlands]; restricted by Smith (1935) to near Esfahan, Esfahan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4FB5568FFC1F.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Azerbaijan, most of Iran, S Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and W Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 103. The whole central plateau south of the Alborz Mts. and including the Zagros. There are no records from the central desert systems Dasht-e Lut and Dasht-e Kavir which are apparently avoided by this species. HABITAT. Open plains and slopes with sparse grassy vegetation, usually associated with gravel surfaces but can be found also on mixed sand and gravel or silt and gravel.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4FB5568FFC1F.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Eremias persica is formed by five geographically isolated clades in Iran that diverged consecutively 6 – 10 Mya, which corresponds with the uplift and subsequent aridization of the Iranian plateau (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2010 b). The basal lineage of the radiation contains a central Zagros population of E. persica together with E. montana and an unnamed form from NW Iran thus rendering E. persica paraphyletic. Eremias nigrolateralis Rastegar-Pouyani & Nilson, a species described principally on the basis of dorsal colour pattern differences, was found to be nested within E. persica and was synonymized with it (Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2010 b). In order to settle the taxonomy of this species complex the authors propose to raise four E. persica clades (from the Zabol area, central Zagros, Tehran and Qazvin area, and Ardabil Prov.) to species ranks and two (from the southern Zagros and Golestan Prov.) to subspecies ranks. The population from the central Zagros may be similar to the undescribed species mentioned by Frynta et al. (1997).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4CC754B6FA84.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Gouvernement Eriwan, Kreis Nachitschewan [= Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4CC754B6FA84.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NE Anatolia, Armenia, Nakhichevan (Azerbaijan), NW Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 104. Restricted to the north-westernmost Iran to West and East Azerbaijan Prov. HABITAT. Sandy or stony semideserts covered with scattered xerophytes (Artemisia). The lizards dig burrows under the bushes.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4CC754B6FA84.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A sister species to E. grammica (Pyron et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4A7B5775F94E.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Vagarshapat [= Echmiadzin, Armenia].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4A7B5775F94E.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NE Anatolia, Armenia, Azerbaijan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 105. West and East Azerbaijan and Ardabil Prov. Determination of the specimen from Tehran held in Torino collection (MZUT R 2273) requires further confirmation. HABITAT. Dry stony plains, foothills and hillsides, and also harvested fields. For a detailed list of the habitat vegetation see Ahmadzadeh et al. (2009).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9AFF5B4A7B5775F94E.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Eremias kopetdaghica (see above) was formerly considered a subspecies of E. strauchi.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9DFF5B4831537EFE7B.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZDEU 31 / 1957. TYPE LOCALITY. Süphan Dağı [= Mt. Süphan], [Lake] Aygir Gölü (ex. Franzen & Heckes 1999), Bitlis Prov., Turkey.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9DFF5B4831537EFE7B.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Turkey and Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 106. Confirmed from Iran recently by Rastegar-Pouyani et al. (2013 c), who reported it from West Azerbaijan Prov. HABITAT. All known localities are situated in the vicinity of large water bodies (Lake Van in Turkey, Lake Urmia in Iran) implying that E. suphani is adapted to moister habitats in mountain steppe regions (Bischoff & Böhme 1980).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAFFF9DFF5B4831537EFE7B.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Originally described as a subspecies of E. velox. Bischoff (1978) suggested it to be a subspecies of E. strauchi and finally Bischoff & Böhme (1980) elevated E. suphani to a species level. Its distinction from E. strauchi was confirmed by genetic data by Rastegar-Pouyani et al. (2013 b).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA8FF9DFF5B4D2552F1FBC1.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ Inderskinsem lacum ”; regarded as “ Inderskija Gory, Gebiet des unteren Ural-flusses ” [= region of lower Ural River, W Kazakhstan] by Mertens & Wermuth (1960). For a note on the type locality see Zhao & Adler (1993).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA8FF9DFF5B4D2552F1FBC1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Russia, Transcaucasia, S Kazakhstan and the Central Asian republics, N Iran, N Afghanistan, NW China, and W Mongolia. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 107. Southern coast of the Caspian Sea, northern Zagros, Alborz and Kopet Dagh range. There is an isolated record from Esfahan Prov. (Rajabizadeh, in litt.) and two from southern Iran from Kerman Prov. (BMNH 1966.363 – 364), the latter two situated more than 700 km south from the continuous range. Their taxonomic status should be re-examined. HABITAT. Steppe plains or foothills with low shrubby vegetation and grass tufts.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA8FF9DFF5B4D2552F1FBC1.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The nominotypical subspecies occurs in Iran. Phylogenetic analyses indicate deep intraspecific diversification within the E. velox complex dated back to 10 Mya with three distinct clades occurring in Iran which, as suggested by the authors, should represent separate species (Rastegar-Pouyani 2009; Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2012, Liu et al. 2014).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA8FF9DFF5B4BBF5207FA1E.taxon	discussion	Two species formerly considered a part of the collective genus Lacerta were elevated to a distinct genus Iranolacerta by Arnold et al. (2007). Although the intergeneric phylogenetic relationships within Lacertinae have not been resolved in details yet (Fu 1998, 2000; Arnold et al. 2007; Pavlicev & Mayer 2009; Pyron et al. 2013), Iranolacerta was confirmed to be sister to Darevskia (Harris et al. 1998; Pyron et al. 2013). The sister-relationship of I. brandtii and I. zagrosica is strongly supported by genetic data; however, morphologically the species are very different. This is probably associated with their different life modes — I. brandtii is a ground dweller whereas I. zagrosica climbs on rocks and hides in crevices (Arnold 1998; Arnold et al. 2006, 2007).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA8FF9CFF5B4AC355E8FF54.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MZUT R 2702. TYPE LOCALITY. Basminsk [= Basmenj], East Azerbaijan Prov. Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA8FF9CFF5B4AC355E8FF54.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. NW Iran and probably southern Azerbaijan from where Boulenger (1920) provided a single record. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 108. NW of the country E of the Urmia Lake (East Azerbaijan, Kordestan, Ardabil, and Gilan Prov.). Isolated populations formerly treated as I. brandtii esfahanica (Nilson, Rastegar-Pouyani, Rastegar-Pouyani & Andrén) occur in Esfahan and Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari Prov. HABITAT. Dry stream gullies, farmland margins, sandy and clayey hillsides with predominant Euphorbia vegetation. The Esfahan populations inhabit alpine meadows at 3000 to 3200 m altitude (Nilson et al. 2003).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA8FF9CFF5B4AC355E8FF54.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Nilson et al. (2003) described the populations in the central Zagros isolated by a hiatus of about 500 km from the populations in NW Iran as a distinct subspecies, I. b. esfahanica. However, genetic study of all Iranian Iranolacerta taxa revealed that despite the large geographical gap, I. b. esfahanica is nested within I. b. brandtii and although not expressed explicitly by the authors themselves it should be considered its younger synonym (Ahmadzadeh et al. 2013 b).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9CFF5B4E05552FFD5C.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. GNHM Re. ex. 5149. TYPE LOCALITY. 3 km NW Fereydun Shahr, Esfahan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9CFF5B4E05552FFD5C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 109. Known only from a couple of localities in the central Zagros Mts. (Esfahan, Lorestan Prov.). HABITAT. A high-altitude species inhabiting rocky outcrops and vertical walls on alpine meadows from 2450 – 3200 m. It was found sympatric with I. brandtii which occurred on horizontal stony-gravel substrate, while I. zagrosica lived on rocky slopes (Nilson et al. 2003).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9CFF5B4E05552FFD5C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Based on the phylogenetic reconstruction by Ahmadzadeh et al. (2013 a), the split between I. brandtii and I. zagrosica took place 2.4 – 4.5 Mya.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9CFF5B4C025796FBD1.taxon	discussion	The composite genus Lacerta that previously contained a majority of species of Lacertinae was definitely split into several genera by Arnold et al. (2007). Based on their detailed study supported by genetic and morphological data the genus today consists only of the following species: Lacerta agilis, L. bilineata, L. media, L. pamphylica, L. schreiberi, L. strigata, L. trilineata, and L. viridis. The enigmatic species, L. mostoufii Baloutch (type locality in the Dasht-e Lut), never seen again since its description was retracted from the Iranian lizard fauna by Ahmadzadeh et al. (2013 a) after in den Bosch (1999) and Eiselt (1995) brought evidence that the only known specimens were lost (holotype) or misidentified D. praticola (paratype) and that the description was probably based on material originated from different parts of Iran that was mixed-up by Baloutch with collections from Dasht-e Lut (Baloutch 1977; Anderson 1999, p. 239).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9CFF5B4B8E55DEF94C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Restricted to Tbilisi, Georgia by Mertens & Müller (1940); originally “ de la vallée du Tchorokh, entre Batoum et Artvine, de Borjom, des environs de Tiflis, de diverses localités de la vallée de l’Araxe, et du Kourdistan persan, a l’ouest du lac d’Ourmiah ... et Novorossiisk ” [Chorok River valley, between Batumi (Georgia) and Artvin (Turkey), Borjomi (Georgia), environs of Tbilisi (Georgia), several localities in the Araks River valley, Persian Kurdistan, west from Urmia Lake ... and Novorossiysk (S Russia)].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9CFF5B4B8E55DEF94C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. C and E Anatolia, Levant, Transcaucasia, N and W Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 110. NW of the country along and west of the Zagros south to Esfahan Prov. HABITAT. Places vegetated with grasses, bushes, and trees such as river valleys and river banks, field margins, tree groves, gardens, and vineyards. Lacerta media avoids dry or arid habitats.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9CFF5B4B8E55DEF94C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The Iranian populations are assigned to the nominotypical subspecies which is sister to a central-Anatolian L. m. ciliciensis Schmidtler from which it separated 2.5 Mya (Ahmadzadeh et al. 2013 c). Both these subspecies share the adaptation to humid continental climate (Ahmadzadeh et al. 2013 d).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9FFF5B48325324FE59.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ orientalii littore caspii maris, prope Krasnowodsk ” [= Caspian Sea coast near Krasnowodsk]; restricted to Kislowodsk (bei Pjatigorsk), North Caucasus, Russia by Mertens & Müller (1928).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9FFF5B48325324FE59.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Russia, Transcaucasia, NE Anatolia, N Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 111. A belt along the southern Caspian Sea coast N of Alborz, West and East Azerbaijan Prov. There is an isolated record from Shiraz, Fars Prov., lying about 730 km south from the continuous range but considered legitimate by Anderson (1999). HABITAT. Areas vegetated with bushes and shrubs interspersed with grassy patches, also pasture land, vegetated road ditches, stream banks in the Hyrcanian forest, dune and forest margins, coastal sand zone with scattered Carex tussocks.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA9FF9FFF5B48325324FE59.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The position of L. strigata within the phylogeny of the genus was not resolved (Godinho et al. 2005). The latest phylogenetic analysis recovered L. strigata as a sister species to the Iberian L. schreiberi Bedriaga (Pyron et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9FFF5B4DDE5253FB69.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ insula Tumb dicta sinus Persici, et ad Kulabagh in regione Punjab Indiae ” [Tumb Island, Hormuz Strait, Persian Gulf and Kalabagh, Punjab, Pakistan]; restricted by Schmidt (1939) to Kalabagh, however, without designating lectotype.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9FFF5B4DDE5253FB69.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. The Sinai, Levant, Iraq, Kuwait, NE Saudi Arabia, UAE, coastal Iran, and Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 112. The Mesopotamian Plain in Ilam and Khuzestan Prov., coastal Bushehr and Hormozgan Prov. including Persian Gulf islands and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Sandy or silt-soil plains or foothills with scattered sparse vegetation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9FFF5B4DDE5253FB69.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The subspecies M. b. fieldi Haas & Werner (type locality Mahor Birinji, Khuzestan Prov.) occurs in the western part of the Iranian range.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9FFF5B4D0652DDFD61.taxon	discussion	A member of the Eremiadini tribe closely related to Acanthodactylus, Eremias, Omanosaura, and Ophisops. However, closer phylogenetic relationships among these genera remain unresolved even after a number of phylogenetic studies based on both morphological and genetic data (Arnold 1989; Harris et al. 1998; Fu 1999, 2000; Mayer & Pavlicev 2007; Greenbaum et al. 2011; Kapli et al. 2011; Pyron et al. 2013).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9FFF5B4BD65698F8DC.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ Sind ... along the right bank of the Indus between Karachi and Sakkar [Sukkur] ”, Pakistan (Stoliczka 1872).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9FFF5B4BD65698F8DC.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, S Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, NW India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 113. The Mesopotamian Plain west of the Zagros, all of the Iranian plateau S of the Alborz and Kopet Dagh. It avoids the Dasht-e Lut and Dasht-e Kavir deserts. HABITAT. Flat plains with hard-soil or gravelly substrate and with scattered small steppe shrubs. Usually very abundant in areas with suitable conditions. According to the modelled prediction of suitable habitat M. watsonana prefers areas with precipitation in wettest quarter of the year lower than 300 mm, precipitation in coldest quarter of the year between 40 – 250 mm, altitude below 2500 m, and slope with maximum 10.5 ° inclination (Hosseinian Yousefkhani et al. 2013 g).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9FFF5B4BD65698F8DC.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The study of intraspecific genetic variability showed that at least four isolated lineages of M. watsonana that diverged about 7 Mya occur on the Iranian Plateau (Šmíd & Frynta 2012). The same study recovered M. watsonana as a basal lineage of all Mesalina species.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9EFF5B4882527BFB99.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. “ à quelques verstes de Bakou ” [= near Baku, Azerbaijan].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9EFF5B4882527BFB99.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. SE Balkans, Turkey, Levant, Transcaucasia, Iraq, Iran. An isolated population occurs in N Algeria. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 114. Throughout the western and southwestern part of the country along and around the Zagros range, southern Alborz, Mesopotamian Plain, and on the southern Iranian plateau up to the border with Pakistan. HABITAT. Wide range of habitats mostly with hard-soil or stony substrate and with low steppe vegetation, flat hammadas, river banks or low foothills. Ophisops elegans does not avoid the presence of humans and can be often found near human settlements in gardens, field margins, and also in cities wherever proper microhabitat with at least some vegetation to hide in appears. We observed this species on many localities syntopic with its ecological counterpart, M. watsonana, contrary to the findings of Anderson (1999; p. 255).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFAAFF9EFF5B4882527BFB99.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Currently there are eight valid subspecies of O. elegans (Uetz 2013), three of which are supposed to occur in Iran: the nominotypical form in the north, O. e. persicus Boulenger described from localities scattered through the whole Iranian range (West Azerbaijan, Esfahan, Shiraz, and Kerman Prov.), and O. e. blanfordi Schmidt in the Mesopotamian Plain (Moravec 1998; Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008). Despite the large number of described forms and varieties there have been no detailed comparative morphological analysis we are aware of conducted in order to assess the validity of existing and synonymized taxa. According to Kyriazi et al. (2008), the populations from the eastern part of its range (Iran, Turkey, Armenia) diverged from a clade consisting of the Mediterranean populations together with O. occidentalis Boulenger about 8.11 Mya. Given that O. elegans is paraphyletic with respect to O. occidentalis and the large number of potentially available names, the taxonomy of Ophisops requires further investigation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFABFF9EFF5B4BA55511F981.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIL 11441: b. TYPE LOCALITY. Kordestan, Iran; restricted by Eiselt (1968) to Biare [= Beydarvaz], Kordestan, Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFABFF9EFF5B4BA55511F981.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. E Turkey, Iraq, Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 115. Kordestan, Kermanshah Prov. HABITAT. Oak forests (Quercus persica) on the Iraq-Iran borders (Eiselt 1968).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFABFF9EFF5B4BA55511F981.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Ahmadzadeh et al. (2012) detected deep divergence between T. princeps and T. kurdistanicu s (at that time considered a subspecies of T. princeps) comparable with interspecific distances between other species of the genus. Based on this evidence supported by numerous morphological distinctions of the two taxa, the authors promoted its species rank.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFABFF91FF5B497E5775FF79.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZSI 3351. TYPE LOCALITY. “ Persia meridionali ” [= southern Iran]; the locality was more specified by Boulenger (1920) as “ near Niriz [Neyriz], about 100 miles east of Shiraz, S. Persia ”.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFABFF91FF5B497E5775FF79.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 116. From southern Kermanshah Prov. in a belt between the western Zagros hillsides and the Mesopotamian Plain to central Fars Prov. HABITAT. Dry steppe hilly habitats with xerothermic vegetation (Amygdalus, Pistacia).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFABFF91FF5B497E5775FF79.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. By separating T. kurdistanicus into a separate species T. princeps became endemic to the Zagros foothills in Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B4D965461FC41.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMB 75015. TYPE LOCALITY. Western slopes of the central Zagros Mountains, Mt. Darbaste, 2 km north of Teran village, Ivan City, Ilam Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B4D965461FC41.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 117. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. The types (the only material known) were collected in a mountainous area with deeply carved gullies and covered with oak forests. It lives on rocks in the gullies.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B4E055333FD2F.taxon	discussion	The genus Asaccus is going through a species description boom within its relatively narrow distribution confined to the Mesopotamian Plain (Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran), Zagros Mountains and the mountains in the east of the Arabian Peninsula (UAE, Oman). Sindaco and Jeremčenko (2008) in their comprehensive summary listed nine species whereas now there are sixteen species of Asaccus described (Uetz 2013). Moreover, five of the new species have been described from Iran with the Zagros Mountains being the core of the genus diversity. The only available phylogenetic study is by Papenfuss et al. (2010), who studied seven out of ten species known at that time. Their results show that despite the marked gap in the distribution the East-Arabian and Mesopotamian species are not reciprocally monophyletic, A. montanus from Oman is sister to all the remaining species and there are at least two independent clades in Iran, one represented only by A. nasrullahi, the other by A. griseonotus and A. elisae.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B4B3E57ABF9D9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Ruins of Niniveh [Ninawa], Ninawa Prov., Iraq.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B4B3E57ABF9D9.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. S Turkey, Syria, Iraq, W Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 118. The Mesopotamian Plain west of the Zagros (Kermanshah, Ilam, Lorestan, Khuzestan, and Fars Prov.) HABITAT. Gypsum and limestone deposits in valleys, caves, under bridges and on the house walls in a rocky mountain area at altitudes from 137 m to 1400 m (Fathinia et al. 2009).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B4B3E57ABF9D9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. In the light of the current knowledge on Asaccus diversity, it is likely that some previous records of A. elisae from the central Zagros belong today to different species. Since none of the species recently described were compared with the old material it is not possible to retract them from A. elisae at least until they are morphologically examined and, potentially, re-determined. Phyllodactylus eugeniae Nikolsky (type locality Dezful and Abu-Garia, Khuzestan Prov.,) synonymized with A. elisae is more closely related to A. griseonotus than to A. elisae itself (Papenfuss et al. 2010). Its taxonomic status should be reassessed in order to retain A. elisae monophyletic.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B498657A1F815.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMB 75010 (ex. FTHM 003000). TYPE LOCALITY. Khers-Dar, 5 km NW of Poledokhtar [Pol Dokhtar], Lorestan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA4FF91FF5B498657A1F815.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 119. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. A mountainous region covered with open oak forests where it is found on rocky outcrops or hiding under large boulders (Torki 2010 e).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4FB557D8FD97.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. FMNH 170824. TYPE LOCALITY. 38.5 mi [= 62 km] from Shahabad, Kermanshah, Kermanshah Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4FB557D8FD97.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iraq, Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 120. Western foothills of the Zagros Mountains in Kermanshah, Lorestan, Khuzestan, and Markazi Prov. HABITAT. The paratypes in Iraq were collected in a humid cool cave (Dixon & Anderson 1973). In Iran it is known to live in dense oak forests at 1000 - 1200 m elevation (Parsa et al. 2009).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4FB557D8FD97.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Closely related to A. elisae (Papenfuss et al. 2010). Phyllodactylus ingae Eiselt described from Lorestan Prov. is regarded as a younger synonym of A. griseonotus.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4D485460FCF5.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 91933. TYPE LOCALITY. Assaloye, Bushehr Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4D485460FCF5.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 121. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. Abandoned buildings in the coastal Persian Gulf, about 100 m inland from the sea.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4CA55510FB37.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. TUZM 164 R (field number). TYPE LOCALITY. 40 km NE Kermanshah, Mianrahan region, Kermanshah Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4CA55510FB37.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 122. Known from the type locality and one additional locality reported herein. HABITAT. The types were collected inside a small cave in a very deep fault-valley in the Zagros. The CUP material was collected near Bisotun [Bistoon] on the Zagros foothills covered with scattered boulders at the altitude of 1400 m. REFERENCES. Rastegar-Pouyani (1996, 2006); Anderson (1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4BEB52D7F9AC.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. RUZM 1999. TYPE LOCALITY. 10 km NW Sarvabad, between Marivan and Sanandaj, Kordistan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B4BEB52D7F9AC.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 123. Known from the type locality in Kordestan Prov. and one locality in the adjoining part of Kermanshah Prov. HABITAT. All specimens have been collected near the mouth to a small cave in a mountainous area with large boulders and rocks intermixed with oak forest with scattered Quercus brantii and Q. persica.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B490C532FF825.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMUC – R 3447. TYPE LOCALITY. 12 km NNE of Shah Bazan, near the small affluent Ab-I-Khornos, Ilam Prov., Iran. DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B490C532FF825.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 124. Ilam, Lorestan, Khuzestan Prov. HABITAT. Rocky valleys and mountainous areas in the Zagros Mountain range with dominant vegetation represented by oak trees (Quercus brantii).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF90FF5B490C532FF825.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The position of A. nasrullahi in the phylogeny of the genus by Papenfuss et al. (2010) was not satisfactorily resolved, presumably because most of the Iranian species were missing in the analyses. REFERENCES. Werner (2006); Nazari-Serenjeh & Torki (2008 b); Papenfuss et al. (2010); Torki et al. (2010).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF93FF5B489A5460FE93.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 91934. TYPE LOCALITY. Khaiiz, Tangestan City, Bushehr Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA5FF93FF5B489A5460FE93.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 125. Bushehr Prov. HABITAT. Cliffs and caves in a mountainous area in the southern Zagros.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4C8C52DBFAFF.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Perimbal [Pirimbel], Talysh Mountains, Azerbaijan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4C8C52DBFAFF.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Extreme E Anatolia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, N Iran, Turkmenistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 127. N and NW of the country (West and East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Kordestan, Mazandaran, Semnan, North Khorasan Prov.); there is an isolated record from northern Fars Prov. reported by Blanford (1876). HABITAT. Dry, steep loose rocky slopes and open plains with scattered bushes that are used as a refuge.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4C8C52DBFAFF.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Although population density of A. bivittatus can be high in suitable habitats (Ahmadzadeh et al. 2008), rare encounters imply a rather secretive mode of life of this lizard. Its occurrence is expected to be more continuous along the Zagros Mountains.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4DF45464FCD2.taxon	description	A western Palearctic genus of small-sized skinks with 10 currently recognized species, two of which occur in Iran. The genus appears sister to the central and east-Asian Asymblepharus, although only one representative of each genus was analyzed (Pyron et al. 2013). For the time being there is no phylogenetic study where both the Iranian species would be included at once.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4AA055FDF877.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIL, collection number unknown (Fuhn 1969 a). TYPE LOCALITY. Buchara [Bukhara], Bukhara Prov., Uzbekistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4AA055FDF877.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. A discontinuous distribution; beside the main range covering the Mesopotamian Plain, Azerbaijan, Iran, Central Asian Republics, Afghanistan, NW Pakistan, and India there are isolated populations in SW Saudi Arabia, N Yemen and N Oman. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 128. All provinces W of the Zagros, areas along the southern Zagros, Alborz, and Kopet Dagh ranges and SE Iranian provinces (South Khorasan, Kerman, Sistan and Baluchistan). Apparently absent in the central Iranian desert systems. HABITAT. Usually grassy areas and cultivated gardens near irrigation ditches. The species often hides in the grass tussocks and under the litter of dead leaves or pine needles.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4AA055FDF877.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Both forms described from Iran by Nikolsky (1907) — A. persicus (type locality Schachrud [Shahrud], Semnan Prov.) and A. brandtii var. brevipes (type locality Dech-i-Diz and Karun River, Khuzestan Prov.) are considered younger synonyms of A. pannonicus (Fuhn 1969 a; Bauer et al. 2003). Ablepharus grayanus (Stoliczka) from Afghanistan and Pakistan formerly regarded a subspecies of A. pannonicus (Fuhn 1969 a) is currently recognized as a full species.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4E4C5460FD2F.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZFMK 91935. TYPE LOCALITY. Khorramabad City, Tang-e-Haft region, Lorestan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA6FF93FF5B4E4C5460FD2F.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 126. Known only from the type locality. HABITAT. All individuals were collected in tunnels; no natural sites have been reported. The tunnels were situated in oak forests in the central Zagros Mountains.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA7FF92FF5B4F9E5691FC99.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. Not located. TYPE LOCALITY. Egypt.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA7FF92FF5B4F9E5691FC99.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. N Africa from Western Sahara through Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and south to Sudan, Ethiopia, and Somalia. Isolated populations are scattered throughout the central Sahara, some Mediterranean Islands (Sardinia, Sicily, Crete, Cyprus), coastal Greece and S Turkey, Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, Persian Gulf coast and Makran coast in W Pakistan, Kopet Dagh range in Turkmenistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 129. Strictly coastal range along the Persian Gulf shores (Bushehr, Hormozgan, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.). HABITAT. Sandy or loose-soil habitats, usually found under debris close to human habitations, particularly in the eastern part of the range including Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA7FF92FF5B4F9E5691FC99.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The coastal character of the distribution in the eastern part of the range is believed to be a result of human-mediated transport. This assumption is also supported by morphology as the animals from SW Asia, Iraq, Arabia, Iran, and Pakistan are morphologically very similar to those from N Egypt, the place of supposed origin of the eastern populations (Carranza et al. 2008).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA7FF92FF5B4C46527FFBA0.taxon	discussion	A Palearctic genus with five currently recognized species. Even after retracting the Oriental and Nearctic species from the genus (today Plestiodon), Eumeces still remains paraphyletic with respect to the genera Scincus and Scincopus (Schmitz et al. 2004; Carranza et al. 2008; Pyron et al. 2013). Therefore, additional nomenclatural adjustments are needed to stabilize this taxonomically unsatisfactory situation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA7FF95FF5B4B19545EFEB0.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. Formerly in the MNHN collection, apparently lost (missing from the catalogue); Holotype of E. s. princeps probably in Moscow, collection number unknown (Taylor 1935; Anderson 1999); Lectotype ZIL 9339 (E. s. zarudnyi), designated by Taylor (1935). TYPE LOCALITY. Stated by Daudin (1802) in error as “ dans les parties les plus chaudes de l'Amérique, sur-tout à la Jamaïque ” [= in warmer parts of America, especially in Jamaica]. Taylor (1935) believed it to be Egypt or Sinai whereas Mertens (1946) considered Cyprus more likely.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA7FF95FF5B4B19545EFEB0.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Coastal N Africa from Tunisia to Egypt, S Turkey, Levant, Iraq, N Arabian Peninsula, Transcaucasia, Iran, S Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and NW India. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 130. Most of western and southern Iran in a continuous belt from West Azerbaijan Prov. along the Zagros range through Fars to Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. Also present in the Alborz and Kopet Dagh foothills but absent from the deserts in central and NE Iran. HABITAT. Grassy or shrubby habitats with loose sandy or clayey soil. It seeks refuge under stones, in heaps of stones or in burrows.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA7FF95FF5B4B19545EFEB0.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. There are two subspecies in Iran, E. s. princeps Eichwald (type locality Talysh Mts., Azerbaijan) in the western and northern part of the country and E. s. zarudnyi Nikolsky (type locality Bazman, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran) in Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. and adjacent territories. The latter is considered a full species by some authors (Khan & Khan 1997; Griffith et al. 2000; Masroor 2009). Based on detailed osteological and morphological analyses, Griffith et al. (2000) divided the genus Eumeces into four genera, assigning the schneiderii species group the name Novoeumeces. However, despite the apparent non-monophyly of the former genus Eumeces confirmed later by genetic analyses (Schmitz et al. 2004), the name Novoeumeces was found to be a junior objective synonym of Eumeces and the schneiderii species group retained its original name (Schmitz et al. 2004). There are two records of E. blythianus Anderson from SE Iran, a taxon otherwise distributed in Afghanistan and Pakistan and considered a subspecies of E. schneiderii by some (e. g. Minton 1966). The first record comes from western Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. (voucher specimen deposited in the London museum; BMNH 1951.1.6.67), the second one was shown by Khan & Khan (1997) as to be from eastern Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., but the authors did not give any further details on the locality or determination. The London specimen is tentatively depicted in the map of E. schneiderii (Fig. 130). Nevertheless its determination and the status of this taxon in general should be verified.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4E685781FE5F.taxon	discussion	The name Eurylepis was resurrected from the synonymy of Eumeces by Griffith et al. (2000) for two species from SW Asia — E. taeniolatus and E. poonaensis. The same authors indicate that E. poonaensis may be only a synonym of E. taeniolatus. In that case the genus Eurylepis remains monotypic. The genus differs from Eumeces also in the karyotype (Kupriyanova 1986).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4D0052B0FBFB.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZSI 2328; Holotype ZIK Re 18 No. 17660 (E. t. parthianicus). TYPE LOCALITY. Punjab Salt Range, Punjab, Pakistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4D0052B0FBFB.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. A disjunct range with a large hiatus separating the western subspecies, E. t. arabicus Szczerbak (type locality near Al-Taiff [Taif], Saudi Arabia) occurring in SW Saudi Arabia and W Yemen from E. t. parthianicus Szczerbak (type locality Northern slope of central Kopet Dagh, Chuli [Chuly], 25 km W of Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan) in NE Iran, S Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan up to Indus valley and from the nominotypical subspecies from SE Pakistan and NW India. There is a single isolated record from Jordan (Werner 1998). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 131. NE part of the country (Semnan, Khorasan Razavi Prov.) HABITAT. Sandy and clayey habitats with shrubby or grassy vegetation. The lizard spends most of the time under stones, in litter and roots of bushes or burrowed in the substrate.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4D0052B0FBFB.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Further investigation with genetic methods involved is required to assess the status of the geographically remote Arabian subspecies with respect to the two other subspecies. Similarly, the status of E. poonaensis Sharma from India should be revised.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4ACC5333F838.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. BMNH 80.11. 10.188. TYPE LOCALITY. Originally stated as “ Persia or Baluchistan ”; restricted by Anderson & Leviton (1966 b) to Chah Bahar [Chabahar], Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4ACC5333F838.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. SE Iran and SW Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 132. Known with certainty only from the type locality, although there are more mentions of this species but without exact locality data (Boulenger 1887; Werner 1917). HABITAT. Coastal sand dunes with sparse vegetation (Khan 2006).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4ACC5333F838.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Boulenger in his original description used the spelling ‘ blanfordii ’ with a double ‘ i’, hence the spelling ‘ blanfordi ’ used by many authors (Smith 1935; Anderson & Leviton 1966 b; Anderson 1999; Khan 2006; Sindaco & Jeremčenko 2008) is incorrect.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA0FF95FF5B4BA4522FFA13.taxon	discussion	The distribution of this genus is disjunct and divided into three isolated areas: 1) S Balkans and SW Turkey, 2) the Levant, and 3) Iran, S Pakistan and NW India. The Iranian plateau plays a key role in the genus diversity — eight out of eleven species of Ophiomorus occur there with four species being endemic to Iran. Cladistic analysis of morphological characters identified all the eastern species except O. persicus to form a common cluster (Greer & Wilson 2001). There are no genetic data for any Iranian species; none of them has ever been included in any phylogenetic study. Surprisingly, according to the latest phylogeny of squamates (Pyron et al. 2013), Ophiomorus is sister to the Central American genus Mesoscincus. There is an undetermined specimen in the MVZ collection (MVZ 234477) from Qeshm Island that may by particularly interesting to investigate.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4FB555D5FDB4.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZSI 3464. TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ haud procul a Karman in Persia meridionali ” [= near Kerman in southern Persia]. Das et al. (1998) specified the locality to “ Saadatabad, S. W. of Karman, Persia ” perhaps based on the note by Smith (1935), p. 348.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4FB555D5FDB4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. E Iran, SW Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 133. Most records are from along the Afghan and Pakistani border (Khorasan Razavi, South Khorasan, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.), other records are from Kerman, Hormozgan, and Semnan Prov. HABITAT. Sandy regions with scattered small shrubs (Anderson 1999).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4FB555D5FDB4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Morphologically closely related to O. nuchalis (Greer & Wilson 2001).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4D65545CFC09.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZMGU 2570. TYPE LOCALITY. Maranjab, south of Daryache Namak, Esfahan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4D65545CFC09.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 134. Known only from the type locality and its vicinity. HABITAT. Loose sandy substrate with sparse vegetation consisting of Alhagi sp., Heliotropium aucheri, Peganum harmala, Rosularia sp. and various grasses.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4D65545CFC09.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. This species resembles morphologically O. raithmai from S Pakistan and NW India (Kazemi et al. 2011).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4CF652F9FA9C.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. GNM 4418. TYPE LOCALITY. Siah Kuh (Black Moumains) in the central part of the Kavir Protected Region about 150 km south of Teheran, Semnan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4CF652F9FA9C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 135. So far reported from three nearby localities in Semnan and Tehran Prov. HABITAT. Unlike most other Ophiomorus species, O. nuchalis lives in more rocky habitats and on bare stony ground with only sparse and patchy vegetation dominated by Artemisia herba-alba. Mozaffari et al. (2011 a) found four specimens burrowed in loose soil layer mixed with plant detritus under bushes.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4A7D533CF884.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ Persia ”; restricted to 5 km SE Pol-e Abgineh, Fars Prov., Iran by Anderson & Leviton (1966 b).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4A7D533CF884.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 136. Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad, Fars, and Kerman Prov. HABITAT. The specimen collected by Kiabi et al. (1999) was found on sandy-clay soil near an Artemisia bush, under which it was trying to hide. The area represents a transitional zone between mountains and alluvial fans with very abundant Artemisia shrubs.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF94FF5B4A7D533CF884.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Ophiomorus persicus together with O. latastii Günther from the Levant and O. punctatissimus from the Balkans form a western group of Ophiomorus (Anderson & Leviton 1966 b). Ophiomorus persicus is a basal lineage of the genus based on morphological and osteological characters (Greer & Wilson 2001).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF97FF5B4875521EFEB1.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. FMNH 141551. TYPE LOCALITY. 11 mi [= 17.7 km] W of Iranshahr, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF97FF5B4875521EFEB1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 137. Known from four localities lying within a 12 km radius. HABITAT. There is no information about the habitat apart from that the species burrows in sand.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA1FF97FF5B4875521EFEB1.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Collected in the same area as O. brevipes, perhaps even in the same habitat.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF97FF5B4E4D521EFD04.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Afghanistan.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF97FF5B4E4D521EFD04.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. E Iran, S Afghanistan, W Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 138. Known from the Zabol area (Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.) and from isolated localities in South Khorasan and Hormozgan Prov. (BMNH specimen). HABITAT. Loose sandy soil and sand dunes (Blyth 1853).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF97FF5B4E4D521EFD04.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A sister species to O. raithmai Anderson & Leviton according to morphology (Greer & Wilson 2001). REFERENCES. Anderson & Leviton (1966 b); Anderson (1999); Greer & Wilson (2001).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF97FF5B4DF5555DFB69.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. NHRM 141 a; Syntypes BMNH 1946.8.20.55 – 57 (ex. BMNH 79.8.15.1 – 3) (S. s. conirostris). TYPE LOCALITY. “ in montosis Lybiae, Aegypti, Arabiae petreae ” [= in the mountains of Libya, Egypt, and Sinai].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF97FF5B4DF5555DFB69.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. North Africa from Algeria and Niger along the Mediterranean coast through Tunisia, Libya, Egypt to Israel, Syria, Jordan and western part of the Arabian Peninsula to SW Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 139. Khuzestan and Bushehr Prov. There are enigmatic records in central Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. separated from other known localities by a distance of about 1000 km. Nevertheless, owing to that the voucher specimens are deposited in different collections (CAS, SUHC) and were collected by different people, the records seem reliable. HABITAT. A typical sand-swimmer confined to loose sand habitat on sand dunes and windblown sandy patches.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF97FF5B4DF5555DFB69.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The subspecies S. s. conirostris Blanford (type locality Tangyak, 7 miles south of Bushire [Bushehr], Bushehr Prov.) inhabiting the eastern portion of the Arabian Peninsula occurs in Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF97FF5B4BD6573FF8E7.taxon	discussion	A genus formerly included in the collective genus Mabuya. Honda et al. (1999) pointed out the paraphyly of the genus and later Mausfeld et al. (2002) split Mabuya into four genera with the Middle Eastern representatives being placed in the genus Trachylepis together with the African species (Bauer 2003). Nevertheless, as recent phylogenetic studies show, the Middle Eastern species are a monophyletic group deeply divergent from the African Trachylepis and deserve to be separated as an independent genus (Carranza & Arnold 2003; Mausfeld & Schmitz 2003; Sindaco et al. 2012; Pyron et al. 2013). Traditionally two species were recognized in the Middle East - T. vittata and T. aurata (Linnaeus), the latter forming three subspecies — T. a. aurata, T. a. transcaucasica Chernov and T. a. septemtaeniata. Moravec et al. (2006) restricted the range of T. aurata to Turkey and adjacent Greek islands and elevated T. a. septemtaeniata from NE Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Transcaucasia, Iraq, Iran, and S Turkmenistan to a species rank. This change is also supported by the degree of genetic divergence between both forms (Mausfeld & Schmitz 2003). As was also suggested by Moravec et al. (2006), the form transcaucasica distributed from Armenia, Azerbaijan, central and northern Iran to S Turkmenistan could, in fact, represent a subspecies of T. septemtaeniata. However its assignment is still not clear and most authors refer to it as a form of T. aurata (Faizi & Rastegar-Pouyani 2007; Rastegar-Pouyani & Faizi 2007; Rastegar-Pouyani et al. 2008; Fathinia et al. 2009, 2010). Here we follow Moravec et al. (2006) and Sindaco & Jeremčenko (2008) in recognizing T. s. transcaucasica.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF96FF5B485E5750FC94.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. Not located; Syntypes of T. s. transcaucasica in the ZIK collection, numbers unknown. TYPE LOCALITY. “ Massua, Abyssinien ” [= Massawa, Eritrea].	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF96FF5B485E5750FC94.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. SE Anatolia, Transcaucasia, E Syria, Iraq, NE Arabian Peninsula, Iran, S Turkmenistan, E Afghanistan, and Eritrea. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 140. Most of western Iran from the Iraqi and Turkey border regions up to Yazd (ca. 53 ° longitude) including the Zagros range. The distribution continues in the NE along the Kopet Dagh to Turkmenistan. Trachylepis s. transcaucasica (type locality Migri and Ordubat, Armenia) occurs from northern Khuzestan Prov. to the north and NE of the country, T. s. septemtaeniata is distributed in the Mesopotamian Plain in Khuzestan and south to Fars and Bushehr Prov. Nonetheless precise boundaries between the two subspecies are not known (the subspecies are therefore not distinguished in Fig. 140); particularly because of most authors still conventionally use the binomen T. aurata for referring to the Iranian specimens. HABITAT. Various habitats from natural sites such as stony mountain foothills with shrubby vegetation, rocky outcrops, and grassy plains. Frequently encountered near human settlements in wall cracks of abandoned houses or under debris in dumping sites.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA2FF96FF5B485E5750FC94.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The type locality in Eritrea is situated 1500 km from the rest of the range and Arnold (1986 a) assumes that the specimen must have been introduced there. Akhmedov & Szczerbak (1987) pointed out that the populations from the Kopet Dagh are morphologically different from T. s. transcaucasica and might bear the subspecific name affinis de Filippi.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF96FF5B4C4553E4FAA1.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MNHN 197. TYPE LOCALITY. Sands W of Rosetta [Rashid], Egypt.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF96FF5B4C4553E4FAA1.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean coast of N Africa from Algeria to Egypt, through the Levant and Anatolia to western Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 141. Scattered records from Kermanshah and Ilam Prov., an isolated single record from Mt. Damavand, Mazandaran Prov. Iran represents the eastern margin of the species distribution. HABITAT. Dry stony slopes with annual grassy vegetation (Fathinia et al. 2009). Outside Iran reported from a wide variety of biotopes on stony or sandy soil from palm oases, field and road margins, or vegetated rocky slopes to places nearly devoid of any vegetation (Schleich et al. 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF96FF5B4C4553E4FAA1.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Trachylepis vittata and T. septemtaeniata were found sympatric in Ilam Prov. (Fathinia et al. 2009).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF89FF5B493652BCFC94.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE. ZSI, collection number unknown (Annandale 1905); Holotype ZMUC 3476 (Field No. 143) (P. r. iranicus). TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ insulae Kharg vel Karrack in sinu Persico, .. a Maskat in littore Arabico ” [= Kharg Island, Persian Gulf and Muscat, Oman]; restricted by Schmidt (1952) to Muscat.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF89FF5B493652BCFC94.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Along the Arabian coast from Jordan to Kuwait and Iran, present also in coastal Eritrea and Somalia. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 142. Restricted to coastal areas along the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman (Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.). The most inland record is only about 35 km from the sea shore. HABITAT. A typical climber found on rocks, large boulders, tree trunks, but also houses, stone walls and ruins.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF89FF5B493652BCFC94.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The subspecies P. r. iranicus Schmidt (type locality Bushehr, Bushehr Prov., Iran), whose diagnosis is based mostly on differences in coloration, is not widely accepted (see Anderson 1999, p. 177). Badiane et al. (2014) recovered P. r. iranicus nested within P. r. rupestris implying that the former is a younger synonym of the nominotypical form. However, the authors did not have material from the type locality of iranicus available and they refrained from making any taxonomic decisions. Based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological and osteological characters P. rupestris belongs to morphologically more advanced forms grouped in ‘ the P. flavipunctatus assemblage’ (Arnold 2009).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF89FF5B493652BCFC94.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Originally “ Zirkuch et Seistan in Persia orient ” [Zirkuh and Sistan, E Iran]; restricted by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986) to “ Hodji-i-du-Chagi ” [= Khvajeh Dow Chahi, Khodji-i-du-Chagi, Hodji-do-Chahi], South Khorasan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFA3FF89FF5B493652BCFC94.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, W Afghanistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 143. Deserts of the central and eastern Iranian Plateau south of the Alborz and Kopet Dagh and along the Afghan border. HABITAT. Loose windblown sands with shrubby vegetation. (Zarudny ex. Szczerbak & Golubev 1996) observed this species on gravel soil with a thin layer of salt crust. Hojati et al. (2009) reports it from clayey and loamy soils near Tamarix bushes.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF89FF5B4C455304FA9C.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Seri-Tschah [Sar Chah], South Khorasan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF89FF5B4C455304FA9C.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, W Afghanistan, W Pakistan; isolated populations in Qatar and UAE. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 144. Central and eastern desert basins from Esfahan and Semnan Prov. south to Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Sandy soil sometimes encrusted with salt. Anderson (1993) found all three Iranian species syntopic in the Zabol area (northern Sistan and Baluchistan Prov.).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF89FF5B4C455304FA9C.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. This species was previously considered a subspecies of T. scincus (Schlegel, 1858), and although it is currently regarded as a full species (Macey et al. 2005; Mozaffari & Parham 2007; Gardner 2013), its elevation to species status has not been fully clarified yet. Teratoscincus zarudnyi Nikolsky, 1896 also described from Iran is a younger synonym of T. keyserlingii.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF89FF5B4A7D5755F884.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIL 9164. TYPE LOCALITY. “ Duz-ab in Kirmano orientali ”; placed between Dobaz and Zahedan, Sistan and Baluchistan Prov., Iran by Szczerbak & Golubev (1986), but a place named Dubaz is situated in Baluchistan, Pakistan, not far from the border with Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF89FF5B4A7D5755F884.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. SE Iran, S Afghanistan, W Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 145. Kerman and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Loose sandy soil. Reported also on saline saturated soils with a salt crust (Zarudny ex. Szczerbak & Golubev 1996).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF89FF5B4A7D5755F884.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. Teratoscincus microlepis is a basal lineage of the genus. It is believed that it became separated as a result of the uplift of the Hindu Kush about 20 Mya (Macey et al. 1999, 2005).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF88FF5B4882522BFEC9.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZIL 10341. TYPE LOCALITY. “ Nasrie in Arabistano ” [= Nasrie in SW Iran on the Karun River, Khuzestan Prov.] according to Gans (1960).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBCFF88FF5B4882522BFEC9.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Surroundings of the Persian Gulf (UAE, Oman, E and C Saudi Arabia, S Iraq and W Iran). DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 146. Khuzestan Prov. HABITAT. Loose sand and sand dunes with sparse vegetation; commonly found under debris.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B4DF452C8FBD4.taxon	materials_examined	NEOTYPE. ZFMK 44216; Lectotype BMNH 1946.8. 14.55 (U. a. microlepis); both designated by Wilms & Böhme (2000).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B4DF452C8FBD4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Suez, Egypt.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B4DF452C8FBD4.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, and Iran. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 147. Known only from Khuzestan and Bushehr Prov. and from islands in the Persian Gulf. HABITAT. Hard soils in open flatland areas with very sparse vegetation usually represented by individual Acacia shrubs or trees.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B4DF452C8FBD4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The Iranian populations are assigned to the subspecies U. a. microlepis Blanford (type locality: Basrah, Iraq).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B4B8555E8FA71.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. ZISP 3029. TYPE LOCALITY. Seri-Tschah [Sar Chah], South Khorasan Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B4B8555E8FA71.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 148. From central Iran S of Tehran eastwards and southwards through the deserts to South Khorasan and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Stony and gravelly plains and rocky hills with shrubby vegetation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B4B8555E8FA71.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. A sister species to U. loricata (Wilms et al. 2009).	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B492F55E8F8B3.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. BMNH 1946.8. 11.59. TYPE LOCALITY. Bushehr, Bushehr Prov., Iran.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF88FF5B492F55E8F8B3.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Iran and Iraq. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 149. Confined to the Mesopotamian Plain west of the Zagros. HABITAT. Flat plains, valleys, river banks or mild slopes typically with clayey or sandy substrate in which this species excavates its burrows, usually associated into colonies.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF8BFF5B48B454CFFE2B.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. MNHN 2179. TYPE LOCALITY. Bengal, India.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBDFF8BFF5B48B454CFFE2B.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. Southeast Asia from SE Iran through Pakistan, the Indian subcontinent including Sri Lanka and Indochina to the Malayan Peninsula and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 150. Restricted to the southeasternmost part of the country to Hormozgan, Kerman, and Sistan and Baluchistan Prov. HABITAT. Various types of habitats throughout the whole range, usually found near streams, rivers or water bodies; occurs also in cultivated areas, field margins, road ditches.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBEFF8BFF5B4E945588FBA3.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE LOCALITY. Egypt.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBEFF8BFF5B4E945588FBA3.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. North Africa from Western Sahara to Egypt, eastwards through the Arabian Peninsula and Levant, Iraq and S Turkey to Iran, Pakistan, NW India, Afghanistan, and the Central Asian Republics. DISTRIBUTION IN IRAN. Fig. 151. Seemingly disjunct distribution caused more probably by a lack of records than by real hiatus in the range. Western part of the range spans across the Mesopotamian Plain, Bushehr, Fars, Esfahan, Qom, Tehran and westernmost Semnan Prov. There are no available distributional data from about 500 km wide longitudinal belt across the central Iranian Plateau and along central Persian Gulf coast. The second part of the range stretches along the Afghan and Pakistani border from Hormozgan and Sistan and Baluchistan to Khorasan Razavi Prov. HABITAT. A deserticolous species inhabiting a wide variety of habitats from sandy or gravelly plains to stony foothills with sparse vegetation.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
03C387F2FFBEFF8BFF5B4E945588FBA3.taxon	discussion	REMARKS. The subspecies V. g. caspius Eichwald (type locality: Dardsha Peninsula, eastern coast of the Caspian Sea) inhabits most of Iran. All alleged records of V. g. griseus from Iran are based on juvenile specimens (Anderson 1999, p. 298; Fathinia et al. 2009) and cannot be considered reliable.	en	Šmíd, Jiří, Moravec, Jiří, Kodym, Petr, Kratochvíl, Lukáš, Yousefkhani, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian, Rastegar-Pouyani, Eskandar, Frynta, Daniel (2014): Annotated checklist and distribution of the lizards of Iran. Zootaxa 3855 (1): 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3855.1.1
