taxonID	type	description	language	source
C83D47949DA95FFAAF302CA5E828D509.taxon	description	Figs 21, 22 - 24, 25, 27, 29	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
C83D47949DA95FFAAF302CA5E828D509.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 9 ♀, 9 ♂ (several males missing apical metasomal segments): Holotype: ♀; Chile, Region I, 73 km E. Pozo Almonte; - 20.312 - 69.129; 3150 m; 16. - 21. iv. 2012; pan trap; L. Packer; MNHN. Paratypes: • 6 ♂, 7 ♀ paratypes identical data to previous; CAS, MNHN, PCYU, UCDC; • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ paratype; identical data to previous; 10. v. 2012; net; PCYU; • 1 ♂ paratype; identical data to previous; 21. iv. - 10. v. 2012; PCYU.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
C83D47949DA95FFAAF302CA5E828D509.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species, as well as the following new species, is most readily distinguished from C. parvispinosus by the reduced areas of red on the metasomal terga (Figs 22 - 24); T 2 with at least a broad medial black band for the entire length of the tergum (Figs 23 - 24) and usually mostly black, sometimes entirely so other than for the subapical cream band, most of T 1 is also black whereas C. parvispinosus has T 1 and T 2 entirely red (Figs 12 - 14), with at most the extreme base of the anterior declivitous surface of T 1 black and T 2 with at most a small apicomedial dark mark (in one male). Females can be differentiated from those of C. salitrera Packer sp. nov described below by the structure of T 6. In C. mariastea the apicomedial spines are relatively long, subequal to, to longer than, the space that separates them (compare Figs 25 and 26), the lateral spines are usually less numerous, most commonly with 4 in C. mariastea (range 2 to 6) and 6 in C. salitrera (range 4 to 7) and they are also relatively shorter, less sharp and extend less than half the way up the side of the postgradular portion of the tergum as opposed to ~ three-fifths the distance in C. salitrera. In males, the easiest distinguishing feature is the degree of curvature of the apical flagellomere. In C. mariastea the ventral surface towards the apex is at an angle of ~ 40 ° to the long axis of the flagellum, while this is ~ 80 ° in C. salitrera (compare Figs 27 and 28). There are also differences in surface sculpture between the two species, most clearly shown in the basal depressed area of T 2 in both sexes which has large, distinct, deep and dense (i <d) punctures in C. mariastea (Fig. 29) but minute, sparse (i> 5 d) punctures in C. salitrera (Fig. 30) which are largely imperceptible with the light microscope.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
C83D47949DA95FFAAF302CA5E828D509.taxon	description	Description. Holotype Female (Fig. 22) Dimensions: Body length 7.3 mm, forewing length 5.1 mm, head width 2.15 mm, ITW 1.3 mm. Colouration: Black, following parts white to pale yellowish: mandible (except apical half increasingly dark towards apex, yellowish at midlength, red-brown at apex), labrum, lateral one-quarter of clypeus, narrow club-shaped mark on upper paraocular area adjacent to inner margin of compound eye extending from above upper tangent of antennal socket to below level of lower tangent of median ocellus, small mark on genal area above adjacent to posterior margin of compound eye, small mark towards side of pronotal collar separated by more than twice the width of the mark, pronotal lobe (margined with black above), small anterolateral mark on scutellum, triangular mark on mesopleuron anterior to mesocoxa, apical mark on all coxae (most extensive on mesocoxa where it occupies the outer third of the ventral surface), apicoventralless than two-thirds of profemur, anterodorsal surface of all tibiae (mostly pale yellow on pro- and mesotibiae, mostly white on metatibia), transverse subapical bands on T 1 - T 5, entire only on T 5, most broadly interrupted on T 2, the interruptions are orange to orange-brown and narrower than the adjacent white bands. Scape yellow-orange apicoventrally. Following parts orange to orange-brown: torulus, all tarsi (probasitarsus suffused with yellowish, successive tarsomeres increasingly darker), posterior surface of metatibia entirely towards base, narrowing apically to absent at extreme apex; T 1 and T 3 narrow anterior margin to subapical pale transverse band, substantially broadened laterally on T 1; T 2 broadly towards side. Apical tergal and sternal depressions translucent straw laterally, orange-brown medially; T 6 spines translucent orange-brown. S 2 red brown, orange-brown towards margins; S 3 - S 5 dark brown except red-brown towards apices. Pubescence: Silver appressed and obscuring, or almost obscuring, underlying integument on lower paraocular area, genal area adjacent to compound eye, mesopleuron (sparser anteriorly and ventrally, absent posteriorly), scutellum posteriorly and dorsolateral portion of propodeum; somewhat less dense on clypeus, pronotal collar, anterior half of horizontal portion of T 1; suberect longer setae ~ 0.7 MOD on most of genal area; sparse erect long whitish setae ≤ MOD on upper face, posterolaterally on pronotum, mesopleuron; similar setae somewhat shorter on mesoscutum and scutellum. Metasomal terga with short subappressed posteriorly oriented setae with sparse suberect setae intermixed, longest on T 6, 0.3 MOD; short setae Surface sculpture: Micropunctures very sparse on head and thorax except on vertexal and genal areas, abundant on metasomal terga and sterna; punctation mostly coarse and dense, almost crowded on face with interspaces raised among linear groups of punctures; genal area with dense small punctures i <d among irregularly spaced large ones, surface uneven somewhat rugose posteriorly. Mesoscutum densely punctate i <d except posteriorly on disc i ≤ 2 d; punctures of scutellum as on upper face except sparser laterally; metapostnotum longitudinally rugoso-striate on horizontal portion, areolate posteriorly. Larger punctures of terga mostly dense i <d with some sparser areas laterally on T 1 and towards apex of T 2 and T 3; basal depressed area of T 2 deeply, coarsely and densely punctate i <d; sculpture of T 6 similar to that of face; sterna punctures dense towards sides i <d, less regularly spaced medially, i = 1 - 4 d on S 2, mostly i <2 d on S 3 - S 5, i <d on S 6 except midline largely impunctate. Structure: Head almost 1.5 x as wide as long, 89: 61; [labrum transverse, narrowly oval, three times as wide as medial length, W: L 36: 12 apical margin transverse]; clypeus almost 3 x as wide as medial length, 61: 21, lip almost half as wide as clypeus, 28; supraclypeal area minute, median length third as long as clypeus; AOD 1.7 x maximum width of F 1 (17: 10); supra-antennal area longer than maximum width 27: 20, shorter than scape 32; frontal depression poorly defined dorsally; UOD: LOD: MINOD 66: 47: 35; IOD: OOD 27: 25; scape twice as long as greatest width 32: 16; pedicel shorter than wide 11: 13; F 1 more than twice as long as greatest width 22: 10; F 2 less than twice as long as greatest width 22: 12, remaining flagellomeres decreasing in length from F 3 to F 9 (F 9 L = W), F 10 18: 12; pronotal collar approximately 0.5 MOD medially, 10: 19; [admedian line distinct anteriorly for less than half medial length of mesoscutum], scutellum with faint medial line with large shallow depression posteromedially; length of scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum 39: 15: 30. T 6 triangular, sides forming an angle of ~ 60 °, with three acute teeth on each side, restricted to less than apical one-third of side of tergum, two apicomedial teeth longer than their basal width 7: 5, separated by a distance subequal to their basal width. S 2 - S 5 apical depressions ~ 0.3 MOD, narrowed medially, abruptly so on S 4 - S 5. Male. Dimensions: Body length 6.6 mm; forewing length 4.1 mm; head width 1.75 mm; intertegular width 1.1 mm. Colouration: Black, following parts white to pale yellowish: mandible basal third (mid third orange, apical third red-brown), labrum, clypeus, supraclypeal area, paraocular area completely filling space between antennal socket and compound eye below, extending narrowly along eye margin above to just below lower tangent of median ocellus, small oval mark on genal area above behind compound eye, ventral surface of scape, ventral spot on pedicel, pair of small spots on pronotal collar separated by more than 2 MOD and <0.2 x the space that separates them, pronotal lobe (margined with black), large mark anterior to mesocoxa approximately equal in area to ventral surface of mesocoxa, ventral surface of all coxae except at base, ventral surface of profemur except basal fifth, apicodorsal mark on pro- and mesofemora, dorsal and most of posterior surfaces of pro- and mesotibiae, most of anterior surface of metatibia (posterior surface orange basally, orange-brown apically, blackish ventrally), anterior surface of all basitarsi and most of anterior surface of all second tarsomeres (remaining tarsomeres red brown), transverse subapical bands on T 1 - T 6, very narrowly interrupted medially on T 1, T 4 and T 5, more broadly interrupted on T 2 and T 3, complete on T 6; S 2 subapical band broad, S 3 band narrow, S 4 with small faint pale subapical mark. Pale marking on T 1 narrowly margined with orange-brown, T 2 with lateral orange brown spot anterior to pale band. Apical tergal; depressions translucent, largely colourless except orange-brown medially, apical sternal depressions pale straw except on S 5 yellowish. Pubescence: Silver appressed and obscuring, or almost obscuring, underlying integument on clypeus, lower paraocular area, frontal depressions, mesopleuron, metanotum posterolaterally, dorsolateral area of propodeum; somewhat sparser on genal area, pronotal collar, laterally on pronotum, anteromedially on mesoscutum, posterolaterally on scutellum, metanotum, most of horizontal surface of T 1, anterior depressed area of T 2. Longer, <1.5 MOD, erect whitish setae on frontal and vertexal areas, mesoscutum and scutellum; similar setae somewhat shorter and sparser on mesopleuron; metasomal terga with sparse suberect setae posteriorly on T 4 - T 7, longest on T 7 <0.5 MOD. Mesobasitarsal fringe setae <1.3 x as long as greatest width of mesobasitarsus. S 2 - S 5 apicomedial setal fringe ~ 0.7 MOD in length medially. Surface sculpture: As in female except as follows: Micropunctures absent on head and thorax, abundant on metasomal terga and sterna; genal area densely punctate, vertexal area and scutellum rugoso-punctate, mesoscutum more sparsely punctate posteriorly on disc, i ≤ 3 d; lateral surface of propodeum somewhat rugulose below propodeal spine. Larger punctures of S 2 denser i ≤ 2 d; S 6 sparsely punctate except anterolaterally i ≤ d. Stucture: Head ~ 1.4 x as wide as long, 86: 62: labrum transverse, narrowly oval, almost 3 x as wide as medial length, W: L 35: 13, apical margin transverse; clypeus less than 3 x as wide as medial length, 61: 22, supraclypeal area almost entirely obscured by frontal crest in frontal view, only extreme lower margin visible medially; AOD slightly greater than maximum width of F 1, 12: 10; supra-antennal area longer than maximum width 28: 20, shorter than scape 31; frontal depression extending to <0.5 MOD below lower tangent of median ocellus; UOD: LOD: MINOD 55: 38: 26; IOD greater than OOD 23: 16; scape more than 1.5 x as long as greatest width (31: 18); pedicel length subequal to width; F 1 twice as long as greatest width 20: 10; F 2 ~ 1.5 x as long as greatest width 19: 12, remaining flagellomeres longer than wide, increasingly shorter from F 3 to F 10, F 11 L: W 23: 11, F 11 somewhat falcate, ventral surface concave, apicoventral surface at ~ 40 ° to longitudinal axis of flagellum; pronotal collar approximately 0.5 MOD, 11: 20; admedian line distinct anteriorly, obscure posteriorly, posteromedial scutellar pit obscure; length of scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum 33: 13: 23. T 7 somewhat semicircular with five narrow apical teeth, the median one shortest, the others subequal in length. Apical sternal depressions long, on S 2 longer than the diameter of the largest punctures on the sternum; anterior and posterior medial angles of apical sternal depressions acute and obtuse, respectively on S 2 - S 3, both approximately right angular on S 4 - S 5.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
C83D47949DA95FFAAF302CA5E828D509.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named in honour of the late Maria Stea. During her too-short time at York University she was tireless in her efforts to assist the hymenopterists in the Biology Department.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
213BA4ADE12E5415BE94D13B1C8CE469.taxon	description	Figures 1 - 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 - 11, 12 - 14, 15 - 16, 17 - 19, 20, 21, 34	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
213BA4ADE12E5415BE94D13B1C8CE469.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 55 ♀, 47 ♂: Lectotype ♀; Chile, Colchagua Province [Region VI]; 1890; E. C. Reed; MCZ-ENT- 17200; Additional material: 1 ♂; • Chile [Region IX], 20 km E. of Temuco; [- 38.7 - 72.35]; 7. i. 1951; Ross and Michelbacher; CAS; • 1 ♀: [Region VII] Curico Prov., Fundo La Montana, Estero La Palma at Rio Teno, 6 km E. of Los Quenes; [- 35.00 - 70.75]; 4. i. 1967; M. E. Irwin; CAS; • 1 ♀; Valparaiso Province [Region V], Valparaiso; [- 33 - 71.5]; 26. xi. 1919; P. Herbst; MCZ; MCZ-ENT 00731885; • 1 ♀; identical data as previous; CAS; • 1 ♀; identical data as previous; 12. i. 1921; MCZ (MCZ-ENT 00731886); • 2 ♀, 3 ♂; identical data to MCZ-ENT 00721886; CAS; • 1 ♀; Valparaiso [Region V], Concon; [- 32.9 - 71.5]; 74. xii. 1910; P. Herbst; MCZ; MCZ-ENT 00731884; • 1 ♂; identical data to MCZ-ENT 00731884; CAS; • 1 ♂; [Region V], Rio Blanco; 7. xii. 1917; P. Herbst; CAS; • 1 ♀; Valparaiso Province, [Region V] Olmue; [- 33.0 - 71.2]; 4. ii. 1920; P. Herbst; MCZ; MCZ-ENT 00731883; • 1 ♂ (dissection code 65 - xi- 250); [Region V] Perales, Quilpue; [- 33.05 - 71.4]; 4. ii. 1925; P. Herbst; CAS; • 1 ♀; Valparaiso Province [Region V]; Marga-Marga; 9. i. 1919; P. Herbst; MCZ; MCZ-ENT 00731880; • 1 ♂; Santiago Province [Region Metropolitana], Cerros de Tiltil; [- 33.1 - 70.9]; 18. i. 1919; P. Herbst; MCZ; MCZ-ENT 00731881; • 1 ♂ identical data as previous; 2000 m; i. 1920; MCZ; MCZ-ENT 00731882; • 1 ♂ (" homotype " A. R. Menke); [Region V], Valparaiso; 19. i. 1921; P. Herbst; UCDC; • 1 ♀; [Region V], Altos de Lliu Lliu; [- 33.1 - 70.9]; 20. i. 1919; P. Herbst; UCDC; • 1 ♂; [Region Metropolitana], Santiago; 1922; F. Jaffuel; UCDC; • 1 ♀; [Region Metropolitana], Santiago, Maipu, Quebrada de La Plata; 26. xii. 1966; L. Stange; UCDC; • 1 ♀; [Region IV], 10 km E. of Fray Jorge Nat [iona] l P [ar] k; [- 30.6 - 71.6]; 28. xii. 1966; dry wash; M. E. Irwin; CAS; • 2 ♂, 1 ♀; Region IV, El Pangue; - 30.164 - 70.664; 1700 m; A Ugarte; PCYU; • 33 ♂, 40 ♀; Region III, 13.5 km W. of Los Sapos; - 28.019 - 70.554; 500 m; 22 - 25. x. 2010; pan traps; L. Packer; CAS, MNHN, PCYU, UCDC and ZMBH; • 1 ♂; Region III, Rd. to Pastos Largos; - 28.164 - 69.791; 2100 m; 6. xi. - 11. xii. 2013; S. Monckton and J. Postlethwaite; pan trap; PCYU; • 1 ♀; Chile; UCDC.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
213BA4ADE12E5415BE94D13B1C8CE469.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The type species of the genus can be differentiated from the new species most easily by the more extensive red colouration of the metasoma in both sexes with T 1 - T 2 entirely red (except for the extreme anterior margin and one male has a small posteromedial dark mark on T 2) (Figs 12 - 14). Females usually also have T 3 entirely red. The other species have T 1 and T 2 black at least medially, although T 1 is usually almost entirely black (see Figs 24, 31). The pronotal collar is relatively longer, at least two-thirds as long as MOD, whereas in the two other species it is approximately 1 / 2 as long as MOD (compare Figs 34 and 35).	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
1E529D4BFD5C57718DBC82D560E3B45B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Cresson can be separated from other South American nyssonine wasps by the combination of i) metatibia lacking teeth, with bristles that clearly arise from an articulation in a socket; ii) metasomal sterna lacking lateral lobes as opposed to lobes present (compare Fig. 5 herein with fig. 154 in Bohart and Menke 1976); iii) metasomal terga with posterior margins thickened and appearing double-edged (Fig. 4, yellow curly bracket) versus simple and iv) a Υ-shaped crest on the lower frontal area with the apices of the paired arms recurved (Figs 1 - 3). Feature i) separates Cresson from Idionysson Pate, 1940, Metanysson Ashmead, 1899, Neonysson Bohart, 1968, and Zanysson Rohwer, 1914, ii) separates it from both Antomartinezius and Perisson, iii) separates it from Losada Pate, 1940 and Nysson and iv) from Epinysson Pate, 1935, Foxia Ashmead, 1898 and all aforementioned genera except Antomartinezius and Perisson.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
1E529D4BFD5C57718DBC82D560E3B45B.taxon	description	Description. Colouration: Black with white to cream coloured markings on face, pronotal collar (rarely absent), pronotal lobe, scutellum (rarely absent), legs, subapical bands on most terga, sometimes on sterna; red markings on metasoma absent to extensive. Both sexes with labrum and base of mandible pale, female with clypeus pale laterally, black medially, male clypeus entirely pale except lip orange-brown. Pubescence: Silvery appressed to subappressed setae extensive on face, genal area, dorsal surface of pronotum, most of mesopleuron (sparser anteriorly and ventrally, absent posteriorly), posterolaterally on scutellum, metanotum, dorsolateral area of propodeum and sometimes on T 1, setae of scutellum and metanotum anteriorly or anterolaterally oriented; fine erect setae longer on upper part of face, shorter on mesoscutum and mesopleuron, vertically oriented dense row of short setae occupying space between extreme apical margin of terga and base of succeeding tergum, metasomal sterna with scattered longer erect setae; male with median setal fringes on S 2 - S 5 situated in a gap in the apical sternal depressions, lateralmost fringe setae longest, posteromedially oriented but sparser than more posteriorly oriented remaining fringe setae. Surface sculpture: Microsculpture largely absent, integument shiny, punctures bimodal in size on face and mesoscutum, minute punctures sparsely scattered among interspaces between larger mostly dense punctures; larger punctures especially on face and mesoscutum with minute punctures at their bottoms and often with several punctures aggregated in groups with edges raised, sometimes giving somewhat striate appearance; minute punctures more numerous on metasomal terga and sterna among distinct larger punctures; junctions between mesoscutum and scutellum and between meso- and metapleuron foveate, the latter finely so; lateral surface of pronotum and posterodorsal part of lateral surface of propodeum obliquely costate; posterior portion of mesopleuron, metapleuron and rest of lateral surface of propodeum generally lacking sculpture, glassy smooth; posterior surface of propodeum coarsely sculptured; metapostnotum rugoso-striate dorsally. Portion of metasomal terga posterior to graduli (usually hidden beneath preceding tergum) imbricate, dull; sterna with similar imbricate areas more extensive. Metasomal terga and sterna with most punctures separated by distance greater than their diameters, except last metasomal tergum with coarse, irregularly shaped, almost crowded punctures; last visible sternum with small, scattered punctures; apical impressed tergal and sternal depressions with row of punctures at their base. Structure: Head 1.3 - 1.5 x wider than long; labrum short, transverse, apical margin slightly concave to transverse medially; clypeus short, apicomedially concave with pronounced bevelled edge, lip approximately half as wide as clypeus; supraclypeal area small, sometimes hidden beneath ventral expansion of frontal crest, crest Ϋ-shaped, ventral margin of crest swollen with angulate ventral incision, in frontal view crest obscures the medial margin of the antennal socket lateroventrally, medially the crest is conspicuously developed, almost lamellate, dorsal arms less developed, recurved, space between median lamella and entire recurved arm with one dorsolaterally oriented lamella and varying number of subparallel carinae; space between lateral margin of supra-antennal area and compound eye with frontal depression extending upwards for a variable distance below lower tangent of median ocellus, dorsal margin of depression often ill defined; inner margin of compound eyes markedly convergent below, shortest distance between them at base of clypeus; occipital and hypostomal carinae complete, lamellate. Scape longer than wide, slightly produced basoventrally, integument somewhat translucent for apicoventral one-third of length; pedicel with medial surface globose, conspicuously narrowed towards base, lateral surface straighter; male apical flagellomere falcate, concave below narrowing to acute apex. Pronotum with vertical carina that in dorsal view appears as a tooth, pronotal collar in dorsal view transverse anteromedially, convex anterolaterally; in profile gradually rounded onto anterior declivitous surface except abruptly and angulately so medially. Mesoscutum posterolaterally markedly reflexed upward, projecting over medial margin of tegula. Lateral propodeal spine conspicuous, acute. Mesotibia of male with one apical spine, mesobasitarsus of male with ventral setal fringe; female lacking rake spines on protarsus; metatibia slightly concave apicodorsally, extreme apex angulate dorsally, lacking robust spines or teeth; arolia in both sexes small. Three submarginal cells, second cell petiolate; stigma subequal in size to prestigma; hindwing media diverging beyond cu-a by more than twice the length of the latter; jugal lobe somewhat larger than tegula. Metasomal terga posterior margins double-edged. T 2 transversely depressed anteriorly. Apical tergum of both sexes with apicolateral margin spinose; in females, the medial pair longer than others, in males the single median spine is short. S 2 swollen anteromedially and depressed anterolaterally. Metasomal sterna not extended laterally as lobes, male S 2 - S 5 with apical sternal depression abruptly absent medially, this area in female sometimes slightly concave.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
6177E0AB4E135016A8DD50C2569ACE28.taxon	description	Figs 7, 21, 26, 28, 30, 31 - 33, 35	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
6177E0AB4E135016A8DD50C2569ACE28.taxon	materials_examined	Material Examined. 7 ♀, 7 ♂. • Holotype: ♀; Chile, Region II, km 26.7, Rd. to Aguas Calientes (N. of Mina Vaquillas); - 25.375 - 69.288; 3350 m; 31. x. 2015 - 6. ii. 2016; L. Packer, blue vane trap; MNHN. Paratypes: Chile • 1 ♀, 2 ♂ paratypes identical data as holotype; PCYU; • 1 ♂; Region II, Rd to Plato de Sopa, km 51.2; - 25.379 - 69.388; 3040 m; 31. x. 2015 - 6. ii. 2016; L. Packer; yellow pan trap; PCYU; • 3 ♀, 1 ♂; CAS, PCYU; Region II, W. of Mina Vaquillas; - 25.370 - 69.372; 3130 m; 31. x. 2015 - 3. ii. 2016; L. Packer; white pan trap; PCYU; • 1 ♂; Region II, S. of Cerro dos Hermanos; - 25.404 - 69.040; 4020 m; 17. xi. - 7. xii. 2013; S. Monckton; PCYU.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
6177E0AB4E135016A8DD50C2569ACE28.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Most readily distinguished from C. parvispinosus by the reduced areas of red on the metasomal terga (Figs 31 - 33), although usually not as reduced as in C. mariastea; T 1 and T 2 are at least black medially, although in one male only narrowly so. In contrast, C. parvispinosus has T 1 and T 2 entirely red, with at most the extreme base of the anterior declivitous surface of T 1 black and T 2 with a small apicomedial dark mark. Compared to C. mariastea, the apicomedial spines of T 6 in the females are shorter, at most as long as their basal width, but the lateral spines are relatively longer and sharper (compare Figs 26 and 25). In both sexes the basal depressed area of T 2 is minutely, sparsely punctate in C. salitrera (Fig. 30) but more coarsely and densely, i <d, punctate in C. mariastea (Fig. 29). The degree of curvature of F 11 differs, in C. salitrera the ventral surface is at an angle of ~ 80 ° to the longitudinal axis of the flagellum (Fig. 28) while this is ~ 40 ° in C. mariastea (Fig. 27).	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
6177E0AB4E135016A8DD50C2569ACE28.taxon	description	Description. Holotype female (Figs 31 - 32) Dimensions: Body length 7.1 mm, forewing length 5.1 mm, head width 2.18 mm, ITW 1.35 mm. Colouration: Black, following parts white to pale yellowish: mandible basal one-third (rest red brown), labrum, lateral 1 / 4 of clypeus, narrow club-shaped mark on upper paraocular area adjacent to inner margin of compound eye extending from upper tangent of supra-antennal area almost to dorsal tangent of frontal depression, small spot on genal area above adjacent to posterior margin of compound eye, transverse mark towards side of pronotal collar separated by slightly less than width of the mark, pronotal lobe (margined with black above, red-brown below), mark on scutellum occupying less than lateral one-quarter, posterior extremity of axilla, broadly divided transverse mark on mesopleuron anterior to mesocoxae, outer half of ventral surface of procoxa, outer half of mesocoxa, extreme apex of metacoxa, apicoventral and posterior two-thirds of profemur, anterodorsal surface of all tibiae (mostly pale yellow on pro- and mesotibiae, mostly white on metatibia), probasitarsus anteriorly, mesobasitarsus basal half; transverse subapical bands on T 1 - T 5, entire on T 1, T 4 and T 5, medial interruptions of T 2 - T 3 blackish; narrow subapical bands on S 2 - S 4 interrupted medially and incomplete laterally (replaced by orange-brown). Following parts orange to orange-brown: torulus, scape apicoventrally, most of posterior surface of metatibia (blackish ventrally), all remaining tarsomeres, T 1 triangular marking anterior to subapical cream band broadest laterally, T 2 lateral three-tenths red except anterior depression; apical tergal depressions pale straw to transparent. Pubescence: Silver appressed and obscuring, or almost obscuring, underlying integument on lower paraocular area, frontal depressions, genal area adjacent to compound eye, mesopleuron, scutellum posterolateraly, metanotum except anteromedially and dorsolateral portion of propodeum; somewhat less dense on clypeus, pronotal collar, anterior one eighth of mesoscutum, most of horizontal portion of T 1; suberect longer whitish setae ~ 1.2 MOD on most of genal area and mespisternum; erect long whitish setae <~ 1.7 MOD on upper face; short <0.5 MOD erect pale setae on dorsal surface of mesocosm and T 4 - T 6, similar setae shorter on T 1 - T 3 and metasomal sterna with a few longer setae subapically ≤ 0.7 MOD. Surface sculpture: Micropunctures absent on face except on vertex, sparse on mesoscutum and scutellum, abundant on metasomal terga, sparse on sterna and dense, i <d on genal area; punctation mostly coarse and dense, almost crowded on face with interspaces raised among linear groups of punctures, appearing almost striate, striae radiating from ocellar area; genal area larger punctures irregularly spaced i = 0.2 - 4 d. Mesoscutum densely punctate i <d except posteriorly on disc i ≤ 2 d; scutellum punctures i <d; mesopleuron large punctures i <2 d, posteriorly almost impunctate, metapleuron lacking sculpture except for a few short longitudinal carinae posterodorsally; lateral surface of propodeum carinate for posterodorsal two-thirds. Larger punctures of T 1 irregularly spaced i <3 d, on T 2 i <4 d except with areas lacking large punctures posteromedially; basal depressed area of T 2 with shallow, sparse minute punctures i> 5 d; T 3 i <3 d, T 4 - T 5 i> 2 d, T 6 i <0.5 d; S 2 i <2 d, S 3 i <1.5 d, S 4 i ≤ d, S 5 i <2 d, S 6 i <d except midline largely impunctate. Structure: Head almost 1.5 x as wide as long, 89: 61; labrum W: L 36: 13 apical margin somewhat concave medially; clypeus W: L 62: 23, lip less than half as wide as clypeus, 28, distinctly narrower medially than towards sides; supraclypeal area median length approximately one sixth as long as clypeus; AOD almost 1.5 x maximum width of F 1 (15: 11); supra-antennal area longer than maximum width 30: 18, as long as scape; frontal depression extending to ~ 0.5 MOD below lower tangent of median ocellus above; UOD: LOD: MINOD 71: 45: 35; IOD = OOD; scape less than twice as long as greatest width (30: 17); pedicel shorter than wide 11: 13; F 1 2.5 x as long as greatest width 25: 10; F 2 less than twice as long as greatest width 20: 11, remaining flagellomeres increasingly shorter from F 3 to F 9 except F 10 16: 12; pronotal collar almost half as long medially as MOD, 10: 18; admedian line complete, more distinct for anterior half, scutellum with irregular medial line and large shallow depression posteromedially; length of scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum 41: 15: 23. T 6 triangular, sides forming an angle of ~ 80 °, with four (left) to five acute teeth (right) extending to midlength of side of tergum, two apical teeth short, equal in length to their basal width, 4: 4, separated by a distance clearly greater than their length, 7.5. S 2 - S 5 apical depressions ~ 0.5 MOD, somewhat narrower medially but not abruptly so. Male (Fig. 33) Dimensions: Body length 7.8 mm, forewing length 5.2 mm, head width 2.25 mm, ITW 1.42 mm. Colouration: Black, following parts white to pale yellowish: mandible basal half (rest red-brown), labrum, clypeus, supraclypeal area, paraocular area completely filling space between antennal socket and eye below, extending narrowly along eye margin above to approximately 1 MOD below lower tangent of medial ocellus, tiny spot on genal area above behind compound eye, ventral surface of scape, ventral spot on pedicel, pair of small spots on pronotal collar separated by 2 x MOD, pronotal lobe (margined with black), large mark anterior to mesocoxa approximately equal in area to ventral surface of mesocoxa, ventral surface of procoxa, mesocoxa except base, apical two-thirds of ventral surface of metacoxa, ventral and much of posterior surface of profemur except basal one-quarter, apicodorsal mark on pro- and mesofemora, dorsal surface and apical one-third of anterior surface of pro- and mesotibiae, anterior surface of metatibia (posterior surface orange basally, orange-brown apically, blackish ventrally), anterior surface of all basitarsi, transverse subapical bands on T 1 - T 6, narrowly interrupted medially on T 1, T 4 and T 5, more broadly interrupted on T 2 and T 3, complete on T 6; irregularly-shaped subapical mark on S 2, S 3 band narrow and interrupted medially, junction of disc and apical sternal depressions narrowly orange brown. Second tarsomere on all legs yellowish, increasingly dark on more apical tarsomeres to red brown on pretarsus. Posterior surface of metatibia orange. Pale marking on T 1 margined with orange anteriorly, marking broad laterally, restricted to narrow line medially; T 2 orange for more than lateral one-third width of tergum. S 2 with large orange spot on each side. Apical tergal depressions translucent, somewhat orange medially, on T 1, T 2 and T 6 pale straw, on T 3 - T 5 colourless all somewhat orange medially, apical sternal depressions straw yellow except of S 5 yellowish. Pubescence: As in female except as follows: suberect longer whitish setae ~ MOD on genal area above and sides of mesopleuron; ~ 1.7 MOD on genal area below and scutellum; shorter ~ MOD erect pale setae on mesoscutum, short 0.5 MOD suberect setae on T 2 - T 6 and metasomal sterna, similar setae shorter on T 1. Surface sculpture: As in female except as follows: micropunctures abundant on S 2; lateral surface of propodeum carinate for dorsal 1 / 2. Larger punctures of T 1 - T 3 i ≤ 4 d, T 4 i ≤ 3 d, T 5 - T 6 <2 d, T 7 i <d, crowded towards apex. S 2 and S 5 i <6 d, S 3 - S 4 i <2 d, S 6 with scattered punctures i = 1 - 6 d. Structure: Head almost 1.5 x as wide as long, 93: 64; [labrum W: L 32: 14, apical margin shallowly concave;] clypeus more than 2.7 x as wide as medial length, 66: 24, lip less than half clypeal width 29, slightly shorter medially than towards side; supraclypeal area entirely obscured by frontal crest in frontal view; supra-antennal area L: W 27: 18, shorter than scape 31; AOD greater than maximum width of F 1 13: 11; frontal depression almost reaching lower tangent of median ocellus; UOD: LOD: MINOD 73: 49: 33; IOD: OOD 19: 17; scape ~ 1.5 x as long as greatest width, 31: 20; pedicel almost as long as maximum width 13: 12; F 1 2.5 x as long as greatest width 32: 13; F 2 shorter than F 1,> 1.5 x as long as greatest width 28: 16, remaining flagellomeres ~ 1.5 x as long as wide except F 11 26: 10, somewhat falcate, downcurved and narrowing from base to apex, apicoventral surface at ~ 80 ° to longitudinal axis of flagellum; pronotal collar more than 0.5 MOD medially, 12: 20; admedian line impressed for anterior two-thirds; length of scutellum: metanotum: metapostnotum 42: 16: 29; scutellum posteromedial pit absent. T 7 semicircular with five teeth, medial tooth the shortest and broadest, submedial teeth as long as lateral ones but broader. S 2 - S 5 apical depressions broad submedially> 0.3 MOD on S 2, longer than largest punctures on sternum, impunctate apical portion clearly longer than diameters of basal punctures. Apical sternal depressions long, on S 2 longer than diameter of largest punctures on sternum; anterior and posterior angles of medial interruption of apical sternal depressions slightly acute and slightly obtuse, respectively on S 2, both approximately right angular on S 3 - S 5.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
6177E0AB4E135016A8DD50C2569ACE28.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is known only from moderate to high altitude in an area of the Atacama Desert that is famous for its sodium nitrate (chile saltpeter) mines. These " salitreras " give the species its name, which is a noun in apposition. These mines dotted the landscape, especially in the late 1890 s and early 1900 s; but are now abandoned, mostly indicated by ruins and / or just their cemeteries. The known localities for the species are all from the sides of roads that form networks among these abandoned mines in a part of the country that would otherwise be almost inaccessible.	en	Packer, Laurence (2021): A Revision of Cresson Pate (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Bembicidae) with the description of two new species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 85: 81-117, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68023
