identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
7C5B741641786D6CE6DFFE8ADB994EBE.text	7C5B741641786D6CE6DFFE8ADB994EBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euphorbia perrieri Drake 1899	<div><p>Key:—Species of the informal Euphorbia perrieri group</p> <p>1. Cyathia and cyathophylls facing upwards, plant profusely producing stems from the base...................... Euphorbia multibrachiata</p> <p>- Cyathia and cyathophylls nodding, plant unbranched or infrequently branching along the main stem...........................................2.</p> <p>2. Plant at most 1 m high, base swollen, globose or oval, with usually one stem, thin (to 1.5 cm in diam.,) unbranched or with a few branches near the top, main stem largely (at least the lower half) devoid of spines..................................... Euphorbia perrierioides</p> <p>- Plant up to 2 m high, base not swollen, main stem thick (2–5 cm diam.), unbranched or with a few branches, with spine remains all over or at the most missing from the lower 10 cm.......................................................................................................................3.</p> <p>3. Spines arranged in regular helical rows, spine bases swollen, more or less laterally flattened, entire or rarely with 1–3 small, accessory spinules on the base, non-swollen top of the spine very short, remaining with age, leaves petiolate, narrowly ellipticalobovate................................................................................................................................................................ Euphorbia paulianii</p> <p>- Spines arranged in often irregular helical rows, often partly unordered, spine bases usually or a majority with several accessory small spinules on the base, spine base swollen, top part at least as long as the basal swollen part, thin, caducous, leaves sessile or almost so, elliptical................................................................................................................................................ Euphorbia perrieri</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C5B741641786D6CE6DFFE8ADB994EBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haevermans, Thomas;Hetterscheid, Wilbert L. A.	Haevermans, Thomas, Hetterscheid, Wilbert L. A. (2021): Taxonomic changes and new species in Malagasy Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). Phytotaxa 492 (1): 1-61, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.492.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.492.1.1
7C5B741641546D41E6DFFBAADB994D89.text	7C5B741641546D41E6DFFBAADB994D89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euphorbia rubrostriata Drake 1903	<div><p>Key 2:—Species of the informal Euphorbia rubrostriata group</p> <p>1. Plant ca. 10 cm high, developing numerous mostly ground-dwelling branches......................................... Euphorbia mangokyensis</p> <p>- Plant 0.3–6 m high, never with ground-dwelling branches...............................................................................................................2.</p> <p>2. Branches all or almost all angulate....................................................................................................................................................3.</p> <p>- Branches all or almost all rounded....................................................................................................................................................4.</p> <p>3. Plant up to 70 cm high, base tuberous, developing few main stems, hairs on the leaves and petioles very long (3 mm), inflorescences, 1–3 times dichotomous, carrying 2–8 cyathia................................................................................................. Euphorbia hofstaetteri</p> <p>- Plant 50–100 (–150) cm high, largely or entirely plagiotropic, base not tuberous, developing several to many stems, hairs on the leaves short (1 mm), inflorescences on the branch tips, 1–4(–5) times dichotomous, 1.5–10 cm long, carrying 2–16(–32) cyathia......................................................................................................................................................................... Euphorbia xanthadenia</p> <p>4. Spines usually complex, with 2–5 accessory, small spines on the main spine base............................ Euphorbia pseudodidiereoides</p> <p>- Spines usually simple, or with 1(–2) accessory spine(s) on the basiscopic side of the main spine base..........................................5.</p> <p>5. Plant erect, fastigiate, very large, to 6 m high, main stem to 10 cm diam., glabrous in all its parts except the pubescent ovary, cyathophylls very large, the spreading part 1.5–2 cm wide, red with yellow veins............................................. Euphorbia gigantea</p> <p>- Plant mostly 0.3–2 m high, plagiotropic, or erect but non-fastigiate, base 1–5 cm diam., at least leaves abaxially, partly pubescent, spreading part of the cyathophylls at most 1 cm wide., yellow, yellow with red margin, minutely red-punctuated, or red with yellow veins...................................................................................................................................................................................................6.</p> <p>6. Plant usually single-stemmed, leaves narrowly elongate-elliptic to lanceolate............................................. Euphorbia rubrostriata</p> <p>- Plant 3- or multi-stemmed, leaves (narrowly) elliptic, obovate or orbicular....................................................................................7.</p> <p>7. Leaves narrowly elliptic, acute, glabrous on both sides.................................................................................... Euphorbia retrospina</p> <p>- Leaves elliptic, oblong, obovate, oval or orbicular, at least pubescent at the base of the abaxial surface or on both surfaces........8.</p> <p>8. Plant plagiotropic, to ca. 50 cm high, roots with swollen, succulent base, yellow, leaves both surfaces densely, velvety pubescent, adaxial surface distinctly glaucous grey-green.............................................................................................. Euphorbia tsihombensis</p> <p>- Plant erect, 0.5–1.5 m high, roots fibrous, not yellow, adaxial leaf surface mid green or grey-green, glabrous, or slightly pubescent at the base, or pubescent all over, hairs either minute or 1–2 mm long............................................................................................9.</p> <p>9. Leaves coriaceous, obovate, sessile or nearly so, adaxial surface grey-green, both surfaces pubescent with long or very short hairs.................................................................................................................................................................................................10.</p> <p>- Leaves thin, petiolate, adaxial surface mid green, glabrous or pubescent near the base.................................................................11.</p> <p>10. Leaves (except the youngest) on both sides with minute hairs (ca. 0.2 mm long), cyathophylls 6 × 8 mm, abaxial surface pubescent, flat, not keeled, upper part spreading with rounded top and small apiculum, style trichotomous from the middle or higher.................................................................................................................................................................................... Euphorbia itampolensis</p> <p>- Leaves on both sides densely pubescent, hairs easily visible, to 2 mm long, cyathophylls erect, 6 × 5 mm, both surfaces pubescent, abaxial surface keeled, upper part acute with acute apiculum, style trichotomous from the base............... Euphorbia mahafalensis</p> <p>11. Terminal parts of young branches 5 mm in diam. or more, spines on actively growing parts, with a broad base (3 mm), from 1/3 rd from the base tapering to the top, leaves on the branch tips 2–4 cm long, inflorescence 1–4 cm long, short or long pedunculate, common peduncle curved or nearly straight, 1–2-times dichotomously branched, carrying 2–4 cyathia, cyathophylls obliquely outward, not fully spreading, 4–5 mm broad, adaxially all yellow or with a narrow reddish margin, abaxially all yellow, or yellow flushed red........................................................................................................................................................ Euphorbia rigidispina</p> <p>- Terminal parts of young branches 2 mm diam., spines on actively growing parts, with a narrow base (1 mm), tapering from base to top, leaves on the branch tips 1–2 cm long, inflorescence 1–1.5 cm long, short pedunculate, common peduncle curved, 1–2- times dichotomously branched, carrying 2–4 cyathia, cyathophylls adaxial surface greenish, yellow or pale dirty yellowish with or without reddish between the veins, abaxial surface pale yellow or red with yellow veins...................... Euphorbia graciliramulosa</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C5B741641546D41E6DFFBAADB994D89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Haevermans, Thomas;Hetterscheid, Wilbert L. A.	Haevermans, Thomas, Hetterscheid, Wilbert L. A. (2021): Taxonomic changes and new species in Malagasy Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). Phytotaxa 492 (1): 1-61, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.492.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.492.1.1
