identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
931B15D877B45D1C91A79A2DADE1B808.text	931B15D877B45D1C91A79A2DADE1B808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bactrocera (Bactrocera) allodistincta Leblanc & Doorenweerd 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Bactrocera (Bactrocera) allodistincta Leblanc &amp; Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 3A-E</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype. Solomon Islands • ♂; Guadalcanal, forest; -9.4067, 159.8647; 167 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; cue-lure baited trap FFSo015. Deposited in UHIM. Paratypes. 11 males. Solomon Islands • 1 ♂; Guadalcanal forest; -9.4041, 159.8628; 153 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; cue-lure baited trap FFSo011 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4067, 159.8647; 167 m; trap FFSo015 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4072, 159.8664; 153 m; trap FFSo016 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4064, 159.8671; 145 m; trap FFSo018; molecular voucher UHIM.ms08766 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4059, 159.8672; 133 m; trap FFSo019 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4055, 159.8665; 145 m; trap FFSo020 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4040, 159.8652; 125 m; trap FFSo023 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4026, 159.8695; 57 m; trap FFSo027 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4000, 159.8700; 57 m; trap FFSo029. Seven of the paratypes are deposited at UHIM, three at WFBM, and one at USNM.</p>
            <p>Differential diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera allodistincta differs from  B. pseudodistincta (Drew) (Fig. 4) in the presence of orange-brown lateral and posterior markings on the predominantly black scutum, abdominal tergites III-V with a narrower medial black stripe, the lateral black markings on tergite IV narrowed posteriorly, and the rather diffuse fuscous crossband on the wing. It differs from  B. distincta (Malloch) in that the costal band is diffuse orange-brown and the crossband is sinuous, with a bend along vein M (Fig. 3E), whereas the entire costal band, including in the basicostal and costal cells, is dark fuscous and the crossband is broad and straight in  B. distincta (Fig. 5E). </p>
            <p>Molecular diagnosis.</p>
            <p> We obtained a single COI sequence (UHIM.ms08766) which matches closest to  Bactrocera pedestris (Bezzi) [misidentified as  B. gombokensis Drew &amp; Hancock, 1994 in Doorenweerd et al. 2020], at 10.25% pairwise distance.  Bactrocera pseudodistincta (Drew) [N = 2] is also represented in the dataset and does not appear as a close match, but  B. distincta is not represented. </p>
            <p>Description of adult.</p>
            <p> Male. Head (Fig. 3A). Height 1.56  ± 0.12 (SD) (1.37-1.67) mm. Frons of even width, 0.80  ± 0.03 (0.73-0.83) mm long and 1.40  ± 1.05 (1.33-1.50) times as long as broad; fulvous, sometimes fuscous around orbital seta and anteromedial hump; latter covered by short red-brown microtrichia; three pairs of dark fuscous frontal setae present; lunule fulvous. Ocellar triangle black. Vertex fulvous with two pairs of dark fuscous vertical setae. Face fulvous with a pair of moderately sized oval black spots in antennal furrows; length 0.49  ± 0.05 (0.43-0.60) mm. Gena fulvous, with a fuscous subocular spot and a dark fuscous seta. Occiput fulvous with a dark fuscous to black dorsomedial marking; a row of 4-6 dark fuscous postocular setae present behind eye. Antenna with scape and pedicel fulvous and first flagellomere fulvous with pale fuscous on lateral surface of flagellum; a strong red-brown dorsal seta on pedicel; arista fulvous basally and black distally; length of segments: 0.22  ± 0.04 (0.17-0.27) mm; 0.27  ± 0.03 (0.23-0.33) mm; 0.71  ± 0.04 (0.67-0.73) mm. </p>
            <p> Thorax (Fig. 3B). Scutum black except orange-brown ventral to and narrowly medial to lateral postsutural vitta, around notopleural suture, along lateral margin between postpronotal lobe and notopleuron, medial to postpronotal lobe, and along posterior margin of scutum. Scutum with two broad parallel medial stripes of dense silvery microtrichia along entire scutum length. Pleural areas black except orange-brown anterior margin of anepisternum and proeipsternum. Yellow markings: postpronotal lobe; notopleuron; moderately broad paired parallel-sided lateral postsutural vitta reaching intra-alar seta posteriorly; broad anepisternal stripe with anterior margin straight, reaching to anterior notopleural seta dorsally; a large transverse spot on katepisternum below the anepisternal stripe; anterior 4⁄5 of anatergite and  ¾ of katatergite (posteriorly black). Mediotergite black. Scutellum yellow except for very narrow black basal band. Setae: 1 pair scutellar; 1 pair prescutellar acrostichal; 1 pair intra-alar; 1 pair postalar; 1 pair postsutural supra-alar; 1 pair anepisternal; 2 pairs notopleural; 2 pairs scapular; all setae well developed and dark fuscous. </p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 3F). All legs entirely fulvous with apical 2⁄5 of hind tibia fuscous. Fore femur with a row of long pale dorsal setae. Mid-tibia with apical black spur.</p>
            <p> Wing (Fig. 3E). Length 5.6  ± 0.2 (5.3-5.9) mm; basal costal and costal cells fuscous with microtrichia in posterodistal corner of costal cell; broad fuscous costal band confluent with R4+5, remaining broad at apex and ending at apex of medial vein; a diffuse orange-brown crossband along crossvein r-m, continuing along M and dm-cu to reach posterior wing margin, and a broad fuscous anal streak over cell bcu and basal margin of cu1; remainder of wing light fuscous; dense aggregation of microtrichia around A1 + CuA2; supernumerary lobe weakly developed. </p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 3C, D). Oval with tergites not fused; pecten present on tergite III; posterior lobe of surstylus short; abdominal sternite V with a deep concavity on posterior margin. Base of syntergite I+II wider than long. Syntergite I+II orange-brown with base black and a narrow sub-basal transverse medial black band. Tergites III-V orange-brown with moderately broad medial black stripe reaching apex, and large lateral black markings on tergite III and anterolateral corners of tergites IV and V. Ceromata on tergite V indistinct from abdomen orange-brown color. Sternite I dark fuscous, sternite II fulvous, and sternites III-V fulvous tending fuscous medially.</p>
            <p>Female. Unknown</p>
            <p>Male attractant.</p>
            <p>Cue-lure.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name is a noun in apposition, derived from the Greek allos (another) and the species resembles  B. distincta (Malloch). Previously,  B. pseudodistincta (Drew) had been described as a species with similar appearance to  B. distincta . All three are present in Oceania. </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera allodistincta was included as  B. spnSol01 in Doorenweerd et al. (2020). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/931B15D877B45D1C91A79A2DADE1B808	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Leblanc, Luc;Tsatsia, Francis;Doorenweerd, Camiel	Leblanc, Luc, Tsatsia, Francis, Doorenweerd, Camiel (2021): Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini). ZooKeys 1057: 49-103, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375
E79030C55986531F96D64897A8AD7931.text	E79030C55986531F96D64897A8AD7931.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bactrocera (Bactrocera) geminosimulata Leblanc & Doorenweerd 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Bactrocera (Bactrocera) geminosimulata Leblanc &amp; Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 6A-E, 9E-G</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype. Solomon Islands • ♂; Guadalcanal, forest; -9.4045, 159.8665; 120 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; cue-lure baited trap FFSo022; molecular voucher UHIM.ms09156". Deposited in UHIM. Paratypes. 13 males. Solomon Islands • 4 ♂; Guadalcanal, forest; -9.4072, 159.8664; 153 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; cue-lure baited trap FFSo016; molecular voucher UHIM.ms08673 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4069, 159.8664; 153 m; trap FFSo017 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4064, 159.8671; 145 m; trap FFSo018 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4045, 159.8665; 139 m; trap FFSo022 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4038, 159.8646; 103 m; trap FFSo024; molecular voucher UHIM.ms09155) • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4026, 159.8695; 57 m; trap FFSo027; molecular vouchers UHIM.ms09153, UHIM.ms09154. Nine of the paratypes are deposited at UHIM, three at WFBM, and one at USNM.</p>
            <p>Differential diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera geminosimulata is identical in all points to the sympatric  B. simulata (Malloch), only distinguished by a subtle difference in wing infuscation in the presence of a light fuscous tinge as a broad, somewhat triangular area covering much of the middle of the wing, including the areas bordering r-m and dm-cu (Fig. 9E-G); the latter is absent in  B. simulata (Fig. 9A-D). The new species can be distinguished from  B. bryoniae (Tryon) by the lighter fuscous tinge of the costal band, a narrower anal streak and the largely to entirely black abdomen, whereas the abdomen in  B. bryoniae is orange-brown with a narrow black  ‘T’ -shaped pattern (Fig. 8).  Bactrocera bryoniae is widespread in Australia and New Guinea but is absent from the Solomon Islands. </p>
            <p>Molecular diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The COI sequences of  B. geminosimulata [N = 4] are similar to those of  B. bryoniae [N = 5], but with a minimum of 1.47% pairwise distance. The reference COI dataset only includes  B. bryoniae from Australia. The COI sequences suggest no close relationship with  B. simulata , and can be used to reliably distinguish  B. geminosimulata from  B. simulata . </p>
            <p>Description of adult.</p>
            <p> Male. Head (Fig. 6A). Height 2.02  ± 0.18 (SD) (1.77-2.17) mm. Frons, of even width, 0.98  ± 0.11 (0.83-1.07) mm long and 1.33  ± 0.08 (1.24-1.43) times as long as broad; generally fulvous; anteromedial hump covered by short red-brown microtrichia; three pairs of black frontal setae present; lunule yellow. Ocellar triangle black. Vertex fulvous with two pairs of black vertical setae. Face fulvous with a pair of large circular black spots in antennal furrows; length 0.62  ± 0.07 (0.53-0.67) mm. Gena fulvous, with or without a faint dark fuscous subocular spot; red-brown seta present. Occiput dark fuscous and narrowly fulvous along eye margin; a row of 6-8 black postocular setae present behind eye. Antenna with scape and pedicel fulvous and flagellum fulvous with light fuscous lateral surface; a strong red-brown dorsal seta on pedicel; arista fulvous basally and black distally; length of segments: 0.30  ± 0.03 (0.27-0.33) mm; 0.40  ± 0.05 (0.33-0.43) mm; 0.95  ± 0.07 (0.89-1.03) mm. </p>
            <p> Thorax (Fig. 6B). Scutum black with small orange-brown markings anterior and posterior to lateral postsutural vitta. Pleural areas black. Yellow markings: postpronotal lobe; notopleuron; moderately broad paired lateral postsutural vitta, tapering posteriorly and ending before intra-alar seta posteriorly; moderately broad anepisternal stripe with anterior margin straight, ending before anterior notopleural seta dorsally; a large transverse spot on katepisternum below the anepisternal stripe; anterior  ¾ of anatergite and katatergite (posteriorly black). Mediotergite black. Scutellum yellow with narrow black basal band. Setae: 1 pair scutellar; 1 pair prescutellar acrostichal; 1 pair intra-alar; 1 pair postalar; 1 pair postsutural supra-alar; 1 pair anepisternal; 2 pairs notopleural; 2 pairs scapular; all setae well developed and black. </p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 6E). Coxae and trochanters black. Remainder of legs fulvous with hind tibia tending fuscous to dark fuscous. Fore femur with a row of long dark dorsal setae. Mid-tibia with an apical black spur.</p>
            <p> Wing (Fig. 9E-G). Length 6.4  ± 0.4 (5.9-6.9) mm; basal costal and costal cells fulvous with microtrichia in posterodistal corner of costal cell; broad dark fuscous costal band confluent with R4+5, ending between R4+5 and medial vein; light fuscous tinge as a broad, somewhat triangular area covering much of the middle of the wing, including the areas bordering r-m and dm-cu (absent in  B. simulata ); broad dark fuscous anal streak; dense aggregation of microtrichia around A1 + CuA2; supernumerary lobe moderately developed. </p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 6C, D). Oval with tergites not fused; pecten present on tergite III; posterior lobe of surstylus short; abdominal sternite V with a deep concavity on posterior margin. Base of syntergite I+II wider than long. Syntergite I+II black except for yellow along posterior half of and narrowly orange-brown along anterior margin of tergite II. Tergites III-V entirely black or with two broad longitudinal orange-brown areas running from center of tergite IV to posterior margin of tergite V, each side of a broad medial longitudinal dull black stripe. Ceromata on tergite V black. Abdominal sternites black.</p>
            <p>Female. Unknown</p>
            <p>Male attractant.</p>
            <p>Cue-lure.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name is a noun in apposition, derived from the Latin noun geminus (twins) and the epithet of the sympatric and morphologically nearly identical  B. simulata (Malloch). </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera geminosimulata was included as  B. spSol12 in Doorenweerd et al. (2020). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E79030C55986531F96D64897A8AD7931	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Leblanc, Luc;Tsatsia, Francis;Doorenweerd, Camiel	Leblanc, Luc, Tsatsia, Francis, Doorenweerd, Camiel (2021): Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini). ZooKeys 1057: 49-103, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375
BDC868AEC80452B3A8D569061E66B2BD.text	BDC868AEC80452B3A8D569061E66B2BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bactrocera (Bactrocera) quasienochra Leblanc & Doorenweerd 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Bactrocera (Bactrocera) quasienochra Leblanc &amp; Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 12A-E</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype. Solomon Islands • ♂; Guadalcanal, forest; -9.4064, 159.8671; 145 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; cue-lure baited trap FFSo018; molecular voucher UHIM.ms08789. Deposited in UHIM.</p>
            <p>Differential diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera quasienochra (Fig. 12) is similar to  B. enochra (Drew) (Fig. 13). It differs by the absence of broad black lateral markings on abdomen tergites III-V, and the narrower lateral postsutural vitta, ending before intra-alar seta. </p>
            <p>Molecular diagnosis.</p>
            <p> We sequenced the holotype for COI, and its sequence is closest to an undescribed species from Malaysia (  B. spMalaysia11 in Doorenweerd et al. (2020)) at 11.19% pairwise distance. The  B. quasienochra sequence has an even greater distance to those of  B. enochra [N = 6]. </p>
            <p>Description of adult.</p>
            <p>Male. Head (Fig. 12A). Height 1.83 mm. Frons, of even width, 0.93 mm long and 1.56 times as long as broad; dark fulvous and narrowly fulvous anterolaterally; anteromedial hump covered by short red-brown microtrichia; three pairs of dark fuscous frontal setae present; lunule fulvous. Ocellar triangle black. Vertex fulvous with two pairs of dark fuscous vertical setae. Face fulvous with a pair of large oval black spots in antennal furrows; length 0.53 mm. Gena fulvous, with large dark fuscous subocular spot and a red-brown seta. Occiput fulvous and dark fulvous behind vertex; row of postocular setae weakly developed, with ca. four nearly indistinct setae. Antenna with scape and pedicel dark fulvous and flagellum fulvous with lateral surface and inner apical half dark fuscous; a strong fulvous dorsal seta on pedicel; arista fulvous basally and black distally; length of segments: 0.27 mm; 0.30 mm; 0.87 mm.</p>
            <p>Thorax (Fig. 12B). Scutum orange-brown with two short sublateral dark fuscous markings anterior to notopleural suture, and continued posteriorly as parallel lines formed by black microtrichia. Pleural areas orange-brown. Notopleuron light fulvous. Yellow markings: posterior half of postpronotal lobe (anteriorly orange-brown); narrow paired parallel-sided lateral postsutural vitta, slightly tapered posteriorly and ending before intra-alar seta; moderately broad anepisternal stripe with anterior margin straight, reaching to mid distance between anterior and posterior notopleural setae dorsally; anterior ⅔ anatergite and katatergite (posteriorly orange-brown). Mediotergite orange-brown. Scutellum orange-brown, and yellow on anterolateral surface and ventrally. Setae: 1 pair scutellar; prescutellar acrostichal absent; 1 pair intra-alar; 1 pair postalar; 1 pair postsutural supra-alar; 1 pair anepisternal; 2 pairs notopleural; 1 pair scapular (lateral position); all setae well developed and fuscous.</p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 12F). Legs entirely fulvous with hind tibia tending fuscous on dorsal surface. Fore femur with a row of long fulvous dorsal setae. Mid-tibia with an apical black spur.</p>
            <p>Wing (Fig. 12E). Length 6.7 mm; basal costal and costal cells fuscous with microtrichia in posterodistal corner of costal cell; narrow fuscous costal band confluent with R2+3, not expanded at apex, and ending mid distance between apex of R4+5 and medial vein, and broad fuscous anal streak; remainder of wing hyaline; dense aggregation of microtrichia around A1 + CuA2; supernumerary lobe weakly developed.</p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 12C, D). Elongate-oval with tergites not fused; pecten present on tergite III; posterior lobe of surstylus short; abdominal sternite V with a deep concavity on posterior margin. Base of syntergite I+II wider than long. All tergites orange-brown with a medial longitudinal black stripe gradually broadened from base of tergite III and extended apically along the entire lateral margins of tergite V except their bases. Ceromata on tergite V indistinct from abdomen orange-brown color. Abdominal sternites fulvous.</p>
            <p>Female. Unknown</p>
            <p>Male attractant.</p>
            <p>Cue-lure.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The species name is a noun in apposition, derived from the Latin adverb quasi (just as if) used in conjunction with the epithet of the species it closely resembles;  B. enochra . </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera quasienochra was included as  B. spnSol03 in Doorenweerd et al. (2020). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BDC868AEC80452B3A8D569061E66B2BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Leblanc, Luc;Tsatsia, Francis;Doorenweerd, Camiel	Leblanc, Luc, Tsatsia, Francis, Doorenweerd, Camiel (2021): Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini). ZooKeys 1057: 49-103, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375
CDC970911FD95FC09D6CB3D00B1CFA84.text	CDC970911FD95FC09D6CB3D00B1CFA84.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bactrocera (Bactrocera) tsatsiai Leblanc & Doorenweerd 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Bactrocera (Bactrocera) tsatsiai Leblanc &amp; Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 14A-I, 15</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype. Solomon Islands • ♂; Guadalcanal, forest; -9.4053, 159.8664; 139 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo021. Deposited in UHIM. Paratypes. 28 males. Solomon Islands • 1 ♂ Guadalcanal, forest; -9.4041, 159.8628; 153 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo011 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4064, 159.8644; 167 m; trap FFSo14 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4067, 159.8647; 167 m; trap FFSo015 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4069, 159.8664; 153 m; trap FFSo017 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4059, 159.8672; 133 m; trap FFSo019 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4035, 159.8681; 85 m; trap FFSo026; molecular voucher UHIM.ms08671 • 1 ♂; Kolombangara, forest; -8.0312, 157.1160; 348 m; 9-13 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo053 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0297, 157.1166; 403 m; trap FFSo055 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0283, 157.1159; 426 m; trap FFSo056 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0218, 157.1150; 491 m; trap FFSo062 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0200, 157.1143; 508 m; trap FFSo063 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0190, 157.1133; 520 m; trap FFSo064 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0181, 157.1129; 518 m; trap FFSo065 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0181, 157.1134; 526 m; trap FFSo066 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0157, 157.1118; 506 m; trap FFSo067 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0150, 157.1143; 523 m; trap FFSo068 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0327, 157.1159; 333 m; trap FFSo070 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0356, 157.1193; 352 m; trap FFSo077 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0357, 157.1200; 352 m; trap FFSo078. Fifteen of the paratypes are deposited at UHIM, seven at WFBM, four at USNM, and two at BSI.</p>
            <p>Differential diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The broad orange-brown medial marking on the scutum uniquely defines  Bactrocera tsatsiai within the genus, where all other species have either a yellow mark or no mark. </p>
            <p>Molecular diagnosis.</p>
            <p> We obtained two COI sequences that are most similar to  Bactrocera hantanae Tsuruta &amp; White but at 10.79% pairwise distance. </p>
            <p>Description of adult.</p>
            <p> Male. Head (Fig. 14A). Height 2.00  ± 0.09 (SD) (1.87-2.13) mm. Frons, of even width, 0.99  ± 0.04 (0.93-1.07) mm long and 1.56  ± 0.06 (1.47-1.63) times as long as broad; fulvous with red-brown microtrichia on anteromedial hump; three pairs of black frontal setae present; lunule yellow. Ocellar triangle black. Vertex fuscous with two pairs of black vertical setae. Face fulvous with a pair of large oval black spots in antennal furrows; length 0.60  ± 0.04 (0.53-0.67) mm. Gena fulvous, with small dark fuscous subocular spot and a black seta. Occiput fulvous; a row of 6-9 black postocular setae present behind eye. Antenna with scape and pedicel fulvous and flagellum fuscous with fulvous on inner surface; a strong black dorsal seta on pedicel; arista fulvous basally and black distally; length of segments: 0.25  ± 0.03 (0.20-0.30) mm; 0.32  ± 0.03 (0.27-0.37) mm; 0.87  ± 0.05 (0.80-0.93) mm. </p>
            <p> Thorax (Fig. 14B). Scutum dark fuscous with orange-brown ventral to and narrowly anterior to lateral postsutural vitta, narrowly englobing notopleural suture, between postpronotal lobe and notopleuron, and as a medial band starting before notopleural suture and enlarged posteriorly to cover entire posterior margin region of scutum. Pleural areas black except orange-brown anepisternum and proepisternum. Yellow markings: postpronotal lobe (or may be anteriorly to entirely orange-brown), notopleuron; moderately broad paired parallel-sided lateral postsutural vitta ending at intra-alar seta posteriorly; moderately broad anepisternal stripe with anterior margin slightly convex, reaching to mid distance between anterior and posterior notopleural setae dorsally; a small transverse spot on katepisternum below the anepisternal stripe; anterior  ¾ of anatergite and katatergite (posteriorly black). Mediotergite black. Scutellum orange-brown, and yellow ventrally and narrowly on dorsolateral surface. Setae: 1 pair scutellar; 1 pair prescutellar acrostichal; 1 pair intra-alar; 1 pair postalar; 1 pair postsutural supra-alar; 1 pair anepisternal; 2 pairs notopleural; 2 pairs scapular; all setae well developed and black. </p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 15). All legs entirely fulvous with hind femur and fore tarsomeres II-IV fuscous. Fore femur with a row of long pale dorsal setae. Mid-tibia with an apical black spur.</p>
            <p> Wing (Fig. 14I). Length 7.1  ± 0.3 (6.6-7.5) mm; basal costal and costal cells fuscous with microtrichia in posterodistal corner of costal cell; light fuscous costal band confluent with R2+3, not expanded at apex and ending mid distance between apex of R4+5 and medial vein, a diffuse broad fuscous cross band along r-m crossvein, continuing in straight line through discal medial (dm) cell and reaching wing margin at level of CuA1, and a broad fuscous anal streak; remainder of wing hyaline; dense aggregation of microtrichia around A1 + CuA2; supernumerary lobe moderately developed. </p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 14C-H). Oval with tergites not fused; pecten present on tergite III; posterior lobe of surstylus short; abdominal sternite V with a deep concavity on posterior margin. Base of syntergite I+II wider than long. Syntergite I+II with tergite I black and tergite II orange-brown with or without a small basal black triangular and two small sublateral black markings. Tergites III-V orange-brown with broad medial longitudinal black stripe reaching apex of tergite V and extended apically along entire lateral margins of tergite V, and two broad sublateral stripes covering tergite III (may be interrupted on that tergite) and continuing on tergite IV and along lateral margins on tergite V. Dark marking variable and may cover almost all of tergites III-V (Fig. 14C-G). Ceromata on tergite V dark fuscous. Abdominal sternites fulvous.</p>
            <p>Female. Unknown</p>
            <p>Male attractant.</p>
            <p>Zingerone.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The epithet  Bactrocera tsatsiai is a noun in genitive case, referring to the personal name Francis Tsatsia, a long-time colleague, friend, co-author of the present publication, and currently the director of Biosecurity Solomon Islands. </p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera tsatsiai was included as  B. spnSol05 in Doorenweerd et al. (2020). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CDC970911FD95FC09D6CB3D00B1CFA84	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Leblanc, Luc;Tsatsia, Francis;Doorenweerd, Camiel	Leblanc, Luc, Tsatsia, Francis, Doorenweerd, Camiel (2021): Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini). ZooKeys 1057: 49-103, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375
D016B3BFABC75133A17EDC86D5661ABD.text	D016B3BFABC75133A17EDC86D5661ABD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bactrocera (Bactrocera) vargasi Leblanc & Doorenweerd 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Bactrocera (Bactrocera) vargasi Leblanc &amp; Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 16A-F</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype. Solomon Islands • ♂; Kolombangara, forest; -8.0563, 157.1320; 232 m; 9-13 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo046. Deposited in UHIM. Paratypes. 42 males. Solomon Islands • 2 ♂; Guadalcanal, forest; 4-16-iv-2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; -9.4041, 159.8628; 153 m; zingerone trap FFSo011 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4045, 159.8644; 142 m; trap FFSo012 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4048, 159.8645; 144 m; trap FFSo013 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4064, 159.8644; 167 m; trap FFSo14 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4067, 159.8647; 167 m; trap FFSo015; molecular vouchers UHIM.ms08665, UHIM.ms08666, UHIM.ms08667 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4069, 159.8664; 153 m; trap FFSo017 • 4 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4064, 159.8671; 145 m; trap FFSo018 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4059, 159.8672; 133 m; trap FFSo019 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4055, 159.8665; 145 m; trap FFSo020 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4053, 159.8664; 139 m; trap FFSo021 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4040, 159.8652; 125 m; trap FFSo023 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4038, 159.8646; 103 m; trap FFSo024 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4039, 159.8673; 103 m; trap FFSo025 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4035, 159.8681; 85 m; trap FFSo026 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.4026, 159.8695; 57 m; trap FFSo027 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -9.400, 159.8700; 50 m; trap FFSo029 • 2 ♂; Kolombangara, forest; -8.0563, 157.1320; 232 m; 9-13 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo046 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0479, 157.1262; 267 m; trap FFSo048 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0306, 157.1168; 389 m; trap FFSo054 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0252, 157.1159; 455 m; trap FFSo059 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0328, 157.1164; 356 m; trap FFSo075 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0395, 157.1237; 308 m; trap FFSo079. 29 of the paratypes are deposited at UHIM, seven at WFBM, four at USNM, and two at BSI.</p>
            <p>Differential diagnosis.</p>
            <p> The overall appearance and specifically the wing of  B. vargasi (Fig. 16E) is very similar to that of  B. frauenfeldi (Schiner) (Fig. 17) [Solomon Island populations],  B. trilineola Drew and  B. parafrauenfeldi Drew [all three are members of the morphological  B. frauenfeldi complex], but  B. vargasi differs from  B. trilineola and  B. parafrauenfeldi in having a nearly entirely black abdomen (Fig. 16), and can be separated from  B. frauenfeldi in lacking lateral postsutural yellow vitta. </p>
            <p>Molecular diagnosis.</p>
            <p> We sequenced three specimens which have COI sequences closest to  B. quasiinfulata Drew &amp; Romig at 7.24% minimum pairwise distance. The maximum intraspecific distance is 1.2%. Sequences of the morphologically similar  B. frauenfeldi and  B. trilineola were also included in the reference dataset but are highly dissimilar to  B. vargasi with&gt;8% pairwise distance.  Bactrocera parafrauenfeldi was not included in the reference set but is presumed to be closely related to  B. trilineola (Drew 1989). </p>
            <p>Description of adult.</p>
            <p> Male. Head (Fig. 16A). Height 1.61  ± 0.22 (SD) (1.33-1.93) mm. Frons, of even width, 0.83  ± 0.08 (0.67-0.93) mm long and 1.63  ± 0.11 (1.43-1.85) times as long as broad; fulvous and narrowly yellow along eye margin; anteromedial hump covered by short red-brown microtrichia; three pairs of black frontal setae present; lunule yellow. Ocellar triangle black. Vertex black with yellow spot behind ocellar triangle and two pairs of black vertical setae. Face fulvous with a pair of very large circular black spots in antennal furrows; length 0.51  ± 0.06 (0.43-0.63) mm. Gena fulvous, with small dark fuscous subocular spot and a red-brown seta. Occiput black and narrowly fulvous along eye margin; a row of 6-9 black postocular setae present behind eye. Antenna with scape and pedicel fulvous and flagellum dark fuscous tending dark fulvous on inner surface; a strong red-brown dorsal seta on pedicel; arista fulvous basally and black distally; length of segments: 0.31  ± 0.03 (0.27-0.33) mm; 0.36  ± 0.03 (0.33-0.40) mm; 0.88  ± 0.09 (0.73-1.00) mm. </p>
            <p>Thorax (Fig. 16B). Scutum entirely black with dense silvery microtrichia on all scutum except two broad parallel longitudinal shining black areas interrupted at level of notopleural suture. Pleural areas black. Yellow markings: posterior half of postpronotal lobe (anteriorly fuscous); notopleuron; moderately broad anepisternal stripe with anterior margin convex, reaching to mid distance between anterior and posterior notopleural setae dorsally; a very small transverse spot on katepisternum below the anepisternal stripe; anterior 3⁄5 of anatergite and katatergite (posteriorly black). Mediotergite black. Scutellum broadly black medially and yellow laterally. Setae: 1 pair scutellar; 1 pair prescutellar acrostichal; 1 pair intra-alar; 1 pair postalar; 1 pair postsutural supra-alar; 1 pair anepisternal; 2 pairs notopleural; 2 pairs scapular; all setae well developed and black.</p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 16F). Legs black with yellow fore femur, basal 2⁄5 of mid and hind femur, and mid and hind tarsi. Fore femur with a row of long pale dorsal setae. Mid-tibia with an apical black spur.</p>
            <p> Wing (Fig. 16E). Length 6.2  ± 0.6 (5.3-6.9) mm; basal costal and costal cells dark fuscous with microtrichia covering both cells; faint narrow fuscous costal band confluent with R2+3, remaining narrow to end shortly past the apex of R2+3; dark fuscous straight band across r-m and dm-cu veins and reaching wing margin; broad dark fuscous anal streak; remainder of wing hyaline; dense aggregation of microtrichia around A1 + CuA2; supernumerary lobe weakly developed. </p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 16C). Oval with tergites not fused; pecten present on tergite III; posterior lobe of surstylus short; abdominal sternum V with a deep concavity on posterior margin. Base of syntergite I+II wider than long. Tergites entirely black with yellow lateral bands along posterior margin of tergite II. Ceromata on tergite V black. Abdominal sternites black.</p>
            <p>Female. Unknown.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> We proudly name this species to honor the famous fruit fly ecologist Roger I. Vargas (1947-2018) (Stark et al. 2018). The species name  Bactrocera vargasi is a noun in genitive case. Roger and LL collaborated extensively on projects during years spent in the South Pacific Islands. Roger brought LL to Hawaii in 2003 to continue working on fruit flies, and he secured funding and provided guidance that allowed LL to obtain a PhD title in 2010. </p>
            <p>Male attractant.</p>
            <p>Zingerone.</p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera vargasi was included as  B. spnSol07 in Doorenweerd et al. (2020). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D016B3BFABC75133A17EDC86D5661ABD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Leblanc, Luc;Tsatsia, Francis;Doorenweerd, Camiel	Leblanc, Luc, Tsatsia, Francis, Doorenweerd, Camiel (2021): Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini). ZooKeys 1057: 49-103, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375
43C04513B1125FF49D118C9F0EDF596B.text	43C04513B1125FF49D118C9F0EDF596B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bactrocera (Parazeugodacus) kolombangarae Leblanc & Doorenweerd 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Bactrocera (Parazeugodacus) kolombangarae Leblanc &amp; Doorenweerd sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Fig. 10A-E</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype. Solomon Islands • ♂; Kolombangara, forest; -8.0252, 157.1159; 455 m; 9-13 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo059. Deposited in UHIM. Paratypes. 18 males. Solomon Islands • 1 ♂; Guadalcanal forest; -9.4048, 159.8645; 144 m; 4-16 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo013 • 1 ♂; Kolombangara, forest; -8.0680, 157.1434; 156 m; 9-13 Apr. 2018; L. Leblanc, F. Tsatsia leg.; zingerone baited trap FFSo044 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0563, 157.1320; 232 m; trap FFSo046 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0512, 157.1287; 263 m; trap FFSo047; molecular vouchers UHIM.ms08663, UHIM.ms08664 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0479, 157.1262; 267 m; trap FFSo048 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0364, 157.1186; 331 m; trap FFSo050 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0297, 157.1166; 403 m; trap FFSo055 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0273, 157.1160; 433 m; trap FFSo057 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0260, 157.1156; 446 m; trap FFSo058 • 3 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0238, 157.1157; 464 m; trap FFSo060 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.015, 157.1143; 523 m; trap FFSo068 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0331, 157.1081; 325 m; trap FFSo071 • 1 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0339, 157.1129; 245 m; trap FFSo073 • 2 ♂; same locality and date as for preceding; -8.0328, 157.1164; 356 m; trap FFSo075. Nine of the paratypes are deposited at UHIM, five at WFBM, three at USNM, and one at BSI.</p>
            <p>Differential diagnosis.</p>
            <p> Bactrocera kolombangarae appears similar to  B. morula (Fig. 11), but has two pairs of setae on the scutellum, a narrow anepisternal stripe, and the costal band very narrow and faint beyond the apex of R2+3 (Fig. 10). It is also similar to  B. (Parazeugodacus) abbreviata (Hardy), a species from Southeast Asia. Unlike  B. kolombangarae ,  B. abbreviata has yellow femora, very short lateral postsutural vitta, and orange-brown medially on abdomen tergites III-V. </p>
            <p>Molecular diagnosis.</p>
            <p> We obtained two COI sequences (UHIM.ms08663, 4) that group with other members of subgenus  Bactrocera Parazeugodacus in the maximum likelihood tree (Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1). The sequences are closest to  Bactrocera pendleburyi (Perkins) [N = 11] but at a distance of 3.62%,  B. abbreviata [N = 29] and  B. morula [N = 3] are separated with larger distances. </p>
            <p>Description of adult.</p>
            <p> Male. Head (Fig. 10A). Height 1.46  ± 0.11 (SD) (1.30-1.70) mm. Frons, of even width, 0.71  ± 0.06 (0.63-0.83) mm long and 1.57  ± 0.08 (1.46-1.77) times as long as broad; dark fulvous and frequently fuscous around orbital setae and on anteromedial hump; latter covered by short red-brown microtrichia; three pairs of black frontal setae present; lunule fulvous. Ocellar triangle black. Vertex dark fulvous with two pairs of black vertical setae. Face varying from mostly black, to lower 3⁄5 entirely black with or without traces of dark fulvous medially, and upper 2⁄5 dark fulvous, to a pair of very large spots in antennal furrows; length 0.47  ± 0.04 (0.43-0.53) mm. Gena fulvous, with fuscous subocular spot and a black seta. Occiput black and narrowly fulvous along eye margin; a row of 4-6 black postocular setae present behind eye. Antenna with scape dark fulvous, and pedicel and flagellum dark fuscous tending dark fulvous on inner surface; a strong red-brown dorsal seta on pedicel; arista fulvous basally and black apically; length of segments: 0.19  ± 0.02 (0.17-0.20) mm; 0.26  ± 0.03 (0.23-0.30) mm; 0.71  ± 0.06 (0.63-0.83) mm. </p>
            <p> Thorax (Fig. 10B). Scutum entirely black with four parallel longitudinal rows of dense silvery microtrichia along entire length and two outer rows starting before notopleural sutures. Pleural areas black. Yellow markings: notopleuron; sometimes faint marking on posterior margin of postpronotal lobe; narrow anepisternal stripe with anterior margin straight, reaching to mid distance between anterior and posterior notopleural setae dorsally; a very small spot on katepisternum below the anepisternal stripe; anterior  ¼ of anatergite and anterior half of katatergite (posteriorly black). Mediotergite black. Scutellum black and narrowly yellow anterolaterally. Setae: 2 pairs scutellar; 1 pair prescutellar acrostichal; 1 pair intra-alar; 1 pair postalar; 1 pair postsutural supra-alar; 1 pair anepisternal; 2 pairs notopleural; 2 pairs scapular; all setae well developed and black. </p>
            <p>Legs (Fig. 10F). Legs black with yellow at basal 2/5 of fore and hind femora and basal 1/6 of mid femur, and yellow fore basitarsus and mid and hind tarsi. Fore femur with a row of long pale dorsal setae. Mid-tibia with an apical black spur.</p>
            <p> Wing (Fig. 10E). Length 4.9  ± 0.3 (4.5-5.6) mm; basal costal and costal cells hyaline with microtrichia in posterodistal corner of costal cell; narrow faint fuscous costal band confluent with R2+3, remaining narrow and ending shortly past the apex of R2+3; and moderately broad anal streak; remainder of wing hyaline; dense aggregation of microtrichia around A1 + CuA2; supernumerary lobe weakly developed. </p>
            <p>Abdomen (Fig. 10C, D). Oval with tergites not fused; pecten present on tergite III; posterior lobe of surstylus short; abdominal sternite V with a shallow concavity on posterior margin. Base of syntergite I+II wider than long. Tergites entirely black except for elongate creamy yellow short sublateral bands along posterior margin of tergite II. Ceromata on tergite V black. Abdominal sternites dark except for yellow sternite II.</p>
            <p>Female. Unknown</p>
            <p>Male attractant.</p>
            <p>Zingerone.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>This species epithet is a noun in genitive case, derived from the locality where the majority of the specimens were collected; Kolombangara Island.</p>
            <p>Notes.</p>
            <p> This species belongs to the subgenus  Parazeugodacus Parazeugodacus as defined by Hancock and Drew (2015), based on morphological characters (shallow posterior concavity on male sternite V, posterior lobe of surstylus short, postpronotal seta absent, postsutural supra-alar, prescutellar acrostichal and two pairs of scutellar setae present, costal band very narrow and nearly indistinct). Its COI sequences also suggest closest affinity with other members of  Parazeugodacus (Suppl. material 1: Fig. S1).  Bactrocera kolombangarae was included as  B. spnSol06 in Doorenweerd et al. (2020). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/43C04513B1125FF49D118C9F0EDF596B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Leblanc, Luc;Tsatsia, Francis;Doorenweerd, Camiel	Leblanc, Luc, Tsatsia, Francis, Doorenweerd, Camiel (2021): Novel lures and COI sequences reveal cryptic new species of Bactrocera fruit flies in the Solomon Islands (Diptera, Tephritidae, Dacini). ZooKeys 1057: 49-103, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1057.68375
