identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BB3A87FDEB3DFF91FF7BFF54B4CB7E38.text	BB3A87FDEB3DFF91FF7BFF54B4CB7E38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Schistura nebeshwari Lokeshwor & Vishwanath 2013	<div><p>Schistura nebeshwari, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Fig. 1)</p> <p>Holotype. MUMF 11128, 48.7 mm SL, male; India: Mizoram: Saiha District: from a stream at Phura village near <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=92.89222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.258888" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 92.89222/lat 22.258888)">Palak Lake</a> (Koladyne basin); 22°15'32"N, 92°53'32"E, 161 m above sea level, Y. Lokeshwor et al., 8 April 2011.</p> <p>Paratypes. MUMF 11125–11127, 3 specimens, 47.2–54.6 mm SL, males; India: Mizoram: from Kolchaw River at Kolchaw (Koladyne basin); 22°23'89"N, 92°57'98"E, 146 m above sea level, Y. Lokeshwor et al., 1 April 2011.— MUMF 11129, 39.1 mm SL, males; data as for holotype.— MUMF 11130–11131, 2 specimens, 31.2–34.6 mm SL, females; data as for holotype. One paratype (MUMF 11126, 47.2 mm SL) was dissected for study of the intestinal coil and air bladder.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Schistura nebeshwari is distinguished from all other species of Schistura with a dorsal adipose crest on the caudal peduncle by the combination of the following characters: 11–14 dark olivaceous bars on the body, entire ventral surface of head with numerous small melanophores, an incomplete lateral line, three black spots at the dorsal-fin base, a complete prominent black basicaudal bar, lower jaw with a shallow median notch, no suborbital flap in males, an inflated cheek and deep caudal peduncle with prominent dorsal adipose crest.</p> <p>Description. General appearance as in Fig. 1. Morphometric data are in Table 1 and meristic characters in Table 2. Body relatively small, moderately elongate, slightly depressed anterior to dorsal-fin origin, compressed posteriorly. Dorsal profile of body slightly elevated from tip of snout at dorsal-fin origin, then straight up to end of dorsal-fin base, elevated towards middle of caudal peduncle, forming a prominent adipose crest. Head depressed, short, triangular in dorsal aspect. Snout slightly pointed in lateral aspect, long, its length about half dorsal head length. Interorbital distance narrow, about half length of snout.</p> <p>Dorsal fin with 3 simple and 8½ (6)–9½ (1) branched rays, its origin in advance of pelvic-fin origin, midway on standard length. Anterior distal margin of dorsal fin convex, posterior distal margin straight. Second branched dorsal-fin ray longer than remaining branched rays. Anal fin with 3 simple and 5½ branched rays, almost reaching caudal-fin base, separated from it by about one eye diameter. Pectoral fin sub-acuminate, with 1 simple and 9 (3)– 10 (4) branched rays, reaching midway to pelvic-fin origin. Pelvic fin sub-acuminate, with 1 simple and 6 (2)–7(5) branched rays, its origin on vertical through base of dorsal-fin branched rays 2 or 3, not touching anus when adpressed, separated from it by a distance about twice eye diameter. Axillary pelvic-fin lobe well developed. Caudal fin with 9+8 branched rays, deeply emarginate, lobes subequal, lower lobe a little longer than upper one. Caudal peduncle 0.7–1.0 times longer than deep, with a prominent dorsal adipose crest along its entire length, a low ventral adipose crest on its posterior half. Largest known size 54.6 mm SL (MUMF 11125).</p> <p>Body completely covered with deeply embedded minute cycloid scales except on chest and belly in front of anal-fin origin. Lateral line incomplete, with 49–66 pores, reaching vertical through anus or middle of anal-fin base. Cephalic lateralis system with 8 (1)–9 (6) supraorbital, 4+8 (1)–9 (6) infraorbital, 9 (3)–10 (4) preorperculomandibular and 3 supratemporal pores. Unculi blunt, low near margin of outer face of both jaws but slightly elevated on inner face, arranged side by side (Fig. 2). Taste buds low bumps, arranged sparsely on lips and barbels.</p> <p>Anterior nostril pierced anteriorly, a low leaf-like pointed tube. Mouth arched, 1.7–2.0 times wider than long. Lips fleshy, finely pleated. Lower lip with a deep broad median interruption with 2–3 furrows on interior edge on each side (Fig. 3). Upper lip with a narrow lateral and broad median potion, no median incision, with very low regular furrows on entire lip (furrows deeper near corners of mouth). Processus dentiformis prominent, broad. Lower jaw with shallow median notch.</p> <p>Barbels in three pairs, inner rostral barbel reaching corner of mouth; outer one reaching vertical through anterior margin of eye. Maxillary barbel reaching vertical through posterior margin of eye. Free posterior chamber of air bladder small, spherical, concealed beneath manubrium (Fig. 4a). Intestine with small a loop, a short distance from stomach (Fig. 4b).</p> <p>Sexual dimorphism. Males with slender body anterior to dorsal fin, slightly inflated cheek, deeper caudal peduncle with a prominent dorsal adipose crest, no suborbital flaps. Females with a low dorsal adipose crest, slightly deeper body at dorsal-fin origin.</p> <p>Coloration. In fresh specimens: body with 11–14 broad dark olivaceous bars on dull white background. Four or five black saddles on dorsum in pre-dorsal region, 3 in sub-dorsal and 4–6 in post-dorsal, each saddle continued on flank, forming broad bars. All bars on caudal peduncle meeting their antimere ventrally. Some of bars, especially at vertical through pre-anal region, split ventrally below mid-lateral line. Interspaces as wide as half of each bar. Head light olivaceous dark on dorsum, dull white laterally and ventrally; entire ventral surface of head with numerous melanophores. Three black spots at dorsal-fin base, first at bases of simple and first branched dorsal-fin rays, second at bases of branched rays 3–5, third at bases of branched rays 7–9. All fins golden yellow. Basicaudal bar black, broad, completed with an elongated backwardly-directed portion at dorsal extremity.</p> <p>In 10% formalin: all bars dark brown on light yellowish cream background. Fins dull white. Ventral portion of belly and ventral and ventro-lateral portion of head light yellowish cream.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from both the Kolchaw River and a stream near Phura village near Palak Lake (the Koladyne basin), Saiha District, Mizoram, India (Fig. 5).</p> <p>Habitat. In southern Mizoram, this species is a typical inhabitant of brooks and streams with slow to swift current, among small pebbles, stones and boulders. The holotype was collected from a stream near Phura village near Palak Lake (the Koladyne basin), among small pebbles, in slow current. Three paratypes were also collected from the Kolchaw River near Kolchaw, Saiha District, Mizoram, India (Fig. 6). Other species occurring with Schistura nebeshwari were Bagridae: Olyra sp.; Cyprinidae: Barilius profundus Dishma &amp; Vishwanath, 2012, Devario sp., Pethia sp., Garra sp.; Nemacheilidae: Schistura scyphovecteta; and Sisoridae: Glyptothorax jayarami Rameshori &amp; Vishwanath, 2012.</p> <p>Etymology. The species is named after Kongrailakpam Nebeshwar Sharma in recognition of his assistance to the authors during the field work in Mizoram. It is a noun in the genitive case.</p> <p>Schistura nebeshwari Schistura scyphovecteta</p> <p>(7 specimens) (5 specimens)</p> <p>Dorsal-fin rays iii/8½–9½ (8½) iv/7½</p> <p>Anal-fin rays iii/5½ iii/5½</p> <p>Branched caudal-fin rays 9+8 9+8</p> <p>Pectoral-fin rays i/9–10 (9) i/10</p> <p>Pelvic-fin rays i/6–7 (7) i/7</p> <p>Lateral-line pores 49–66 (66) 78–84 (84)</p> <p>Pores in Cephalic lateralis system</p> <p>Infra-orbital pores 4+8–9 (4+9) 3+9</p> <p>Supra-orbital pores 8–9 (9) 9</p> <p>Supra-temporal pores 3 3</p> <p>Preoperculo-mandibular pores 8–9 (9) 9–10 (10)</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB3A87FDEB3DFF91FF7BFF54B4CB7E38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lokeshwor, Y.;Vishwanath, W.	Lokeshwor, Y., Vishwanath, W. (2013): Two new species of stone loaches of the genus Schistura from the Koladyne basin, Mizoram, India (Teleostei: Cobitoidei: Nemacheilidae). Zootaxa 3731 (4): 561-576, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3731.4.8
BB3A87FDEB38FF9AFF7BFCA7B5C17DEB.text	BB3A87FDEB38FF9AFF7BFCA7B5C17DEB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Schistura scyphovecteta Lokeshwor & Vishwanath 2013	<div><p>Schistura scyphovecteta, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Fig. 7)</p> <p>Holotype. MUMF 11136, 39.4 mm SL, female; <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=92.96385&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.353" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 92.96385/lat 22.353)">Ka-ao River</a> near New Serkawr village (Koladyne basin), Saiha District, Mizoram, India, 22°21'10.8"N, 92°57'49.88"E, 199 m above sea level, Y. Lokeshwor et al., 8 April 2012.</p> <p>Paratypes. MUMF 11135, 36.5 mm SL, female, and MUMF 11137, 32.5 mm SL, male, data as for holotype; MUMF 11138–11139, 2 specimens, 36.6–37.8 mm SL, males, Kolchaw River near Kolchaw village (Koladyne basin), Saiha District, Mizoram, India, 22°23'89"N, 92°57'98"E, 146 m above sea level, Y. Lokeshwor et al., 1 April 2011. One paratype (MUMF 11139, 37.8 mm SL) was dissected for study of the intestinal coil and air bladder.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Schistura scyphovecteta is distinguished from all other species of Schistura by the combination of the following characters: six dark brown saddles, each one continuing to the flank, forming globular-shaped bars overlaying a hazy brown stripe along the lateral line, a complete lateral line, two black spots at the dorsal-fin base, an incomplete black basicaudal bar, no median notch on the lower jaw, and a suborbital flap in males. The new species is similar to S. menanensis (a congener from the Mae Nam Nan drainage, Thailand) in having a longitudinal brown stripe along the lateral line superposed by the bar pattern, but distinguished from that species in having a complete (vs. incomplete) lateral line, 7½ (vs. 8½) branched dorsal-fin rays, 10 (vs. 9) branched pectoralfin rays, and the absence (vs. presence) of a median notch on the lower jaw.</p> <p>Description. General appearance as in Fig. 6. Morphometric data are listed in Table 1, meristic characters in Table 2. Body relatively small, moderately elongate, cylindrical in cross-section at dorsal-fin origin, compressed posteriorly. Dorsal profile of body elevated evenly from tip of snout to dorsal-fin origin, then slanting gently downwards towards caudal-fin base. Head slightly depressed, moderately elongate. Snout rounded in lateral aspect, about half as long as dorsal head length. Interorbital distance about two-thirds maximum head width at cheek.</p> <p>Dorsal fin with 4 simple and 7½ branched rays, its origin in advance of pelvic-fin origin, midway on standard length. Anterior distal margin of dorsal fin convex, posterior distal margin concave. Second branched dorsal-fin ray longer than remaining branched rays. Anal fin with 3 simple and 5½ branched rays, almost reaching caudal-fin base, separated from it by 1.5 eye diameters. Pectoral fin sub-acuminate, with 1 simple and 10 branched rays, reaching two-thirds distance to pelvic-fin origin. Pelvic fin sub-acuminate, with 1 simple and 7 branched rays, its origin on vertical through base of dorsal-fin branched rays 2 or 3, reaching anus when adpressed. Axillary pelvicfin lobe well developed. Caudal fin with 9+8 branched rays, deeply emarginate, lobes subequal, lower lobe a little longer than upper one. Caudal peduncle 1.2–1.5 times longer than deep, with no dorsal or ventral adipose crest. Largest known size 39.4 mm SL (MUMF 11136).</p> <p>Body completely covered with minute deeply embedded cycloid scales except on chest and belly anterior to anal-fin origin. Lateral line complete, with 78–84 pores. Cephalic lateralis system with 9 supraorbital, 3+9 infraorbital, 9 (3)–10 (2) preorperculo-mandibular and 3 supratemporal pores. Unculi blunt, low on outer face of both jaws but high on margin and inner face, arrange side by side like tiles (Fig. 8). Taste buds pyramidal, with small opening at tip, arranged closely on lips and barbels.</p> <p>Anterior nostril pierced anteriorly, a low leaf-like pointed tube. Mouth arched, 1.4–1.5 times wider than long. Lips fleshy, finely pleated. Lower lip with deep median interruption, each medial margin slightly broader than thin distal portion with 6–7 furrows on interior edge on each side (Fig. 9). Upper lip with shallow median incision, medial portion broader than lateral, low regular furrows on entire lip (furrows deeper near corners of mouth). Processus dentiformis prominent, with blunt end. No median notch on lower jaw.</p> <p>Barbels in three pairs, inner rostral barbel not reaching corner of mouth; outer one reaching base of maxillary barbel. Maxillary barbel reaching vertical through posterior margin of eye. Free posterior chamber of air bladder well formed, spherical, not encapsulated (Fig. 10a). Intestine without loop, slightly bent about 3–4 mm from posterior margin of stomach (Fig. 10b).</p> <p>Sexual dimorphism. Males with a spoon-shaped suborbital flap (Fig. 11), pelvic fin slightly longer, reaching anus when adpressed. Females larger than males, with deeper body.</p> <p>Coloration. Body with 6 black saddles on creamy yellow background (2 each in pre-dorsal, sub-dorsal and post-dorsal regions), each continued on both flanks forming broad globular-shaped bars superimposed on a longitudinal brown stripe along lateral line. All bars extending a little distance beneath lateral line, not meeting their antimeres ventrally. Interspaces as wide as each saddle on dorsum, about half of each bar on flank. Lateral head horizontal to posterior rim of orbit light brown, much darker on dorsum, creamy yellow on ventro-lateral and ventral region of head. Two black spots at dorsal-fin base, first at bases of simple and first branched rays, second at bases of branched rays 6–7. A row of light brown spots at midway of each dorsal-fin ray, extending from fourth simple ray to last branched ray. First five pectoral-fin rays dark brown, remaining rays hyaline. Basicaudal bar black, incomplete, midlateral, leaving gaps of about half eye diameter each on both extremities of caudal-fin base. Inferior caudal-fin rays streaked dark grey, appearing as a continuation of basicaudal bar to its dorsal and ventral portion. A faint dark-grey V-shaped row at midlength of caudal-fin rays.</p> <p>Distribution. Known only from the Kaoao and Kolchaw Rivers near New Serkawr and Kolchaw villages (the Koladyne basin) respectively, Saiha District, Mizoram, India (Fig. 5).</p> <p>Habitat. In southern Mizoram this species is a typical inhabitant of streams with swift current, among big boulders and rocks. Topotypic specimens were collected from a Kaoao River near New Serkawr village, among big boulders, in fast current (Fig. 12). Two paratypes were also collected from the Kolchaw River near Kolchaw. Other species occurring with Schistura scyphovecteta were Bagridae: Olyra sp.; Cyprinidae: Devario sp., Pethia sp., Garra sp.; Nemacheilidae: Schistura nebeshwari; and Sisoridae: Glyptothorax jayarami.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin scypho meaning goblet and Latin vectes meaning bars; a compound name referring to the presence of goblet shaped bars on the body. The name is formed as an adjective.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BB3A87FDEB38FF9AFF7BFCA7B5C17DEB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lokeshwor, Y.;Vishwanath, W.	Lokeshwor, Y., Vishwanath, W. (2013): Two new species of stone loaches of the genus Schistura from the Koladyne basin, Mizoram, India (Teleostei: Cobitoidei: Nemacheilidae). Zootaxa 3731 (4): 561-576, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3731.4.8
