taxonID	type	description	language	source
3A73E157FF82FFF4FEF9FEE9FC46580D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype. NE BRAZIL: Sergipe State: Abaís beach, intertidal in sand, 23 Feb. 1996, coll. C. R. G. Parisoto (MCEM­BPO 1617). — Paratypes. Same data as holotype (3 specimens, MCEM­BPO 1618); NE BRAZIL: Sergipe State: Atalaia beach, intertidal in sand, 23 Feb. 1996, coll. C. R. G. Parisoto (1 specimen, MCEM­BPO 1619); North BRAZIL: Pará State: Canelas Island, intertidal, medium to coarse sand, May 2002, coll. Kerstin Kober (1 specimen, MCEM­BPO 1620).	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF82FFF4FEF9FEE9FC46580D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name refers to the numerous papillae present dorsal to the notopodia of chaetiger 10.	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF82FFF4FEF9FEE9FC46580D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Euzonus with body weakly divided into three regions; body formula 11 a + 20 b + 6 a = 37 chaetigers; branchiae bifid; chaetiger 10 with numerous closely apposed papillae in small dorsoventrally oriented oval patch just dorsal to notopodium of each side. Last abranchiate chaetigers biramous and anal cirri of equal size.	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF82FFF4FEF9FEE9FC46580D.taxon	description	Description. Preserved material colorless; color in life unknown. Holotype without recognizable gametes, 9 mm long, with 37 chaetigers; paratypes 5, 7, 8, 11 and 7 mm (Pará State) long. Body wall transparent with gut contents (sand grains) visible; segmentation not clearly defined (Fig. 1). Body soft, flabby, maggot­shaped, with body regions poorly delimited. Prostomium acutely pointed, eyes absent; peristomium achaetous, cephalic region with 2 chaetigers before cephalo­thoracic constriction (Fig. 1); chaetiger 1 biramous. Body formula 11 a + 20 b + 6 a (Figs. 1, 2). Anterior to pygidium, 6 distinct abranchiate segments forming telescoped anal collar, contracted in holotype (Fig. 1), and extended in one paratype (Fig. 2), with elongate capillary chaetae forming a dorsolateral pygidial cage. Pygidial funnel short, with 6 cirri of equal size on each side. Ventral groove extending from chaetiger 12 to pygidium. Noto­ and neurochaetae all capillaries (Fig. 1), except on posterior abranchiate segments, where capillaries are accompanied by 5 – 6 special knobbed chaetae (Fig. 3) in both rami. Notochaetae of anteriormost segments and around the pygidial funnel elongate and as long as neurochaetae (Fig. 1). Parapodia poorly developed, chaetae arising from glandular area of body wall. Chaetiger 2 with notochaetae 5 ­ 6 times as long as neurochaetae; latter much shorter than those of following segments. Branchiae bifid, with branches of equal size, with tapered tips and folded edges (Fig. 1). Area immediately dorsal to notopodia of chaetiger 10 specialized, with 3 dorsoventral rows of closely apposed lateral papillae (holotype: 7 + 7 + 5 papillae; paratypes: 5 + 5 + 8; 3 + 6 + 6; 2 + 5 + 3; 1 + 4 + 3 + 3; 3 + 4 + 7) forming a small, dorsoventrally elongate oval patch, reaching less than halfway to middorsum (Fig. 1). Neuropodia with 3 papillae just anterior to neurochaetae on chaetiger 9, 2 papillae on chaetigers 10 – 11 and 1 on chaetigers 12 – 15 (Fig. 1). Pygidium wide at base with equal­sized dorsal anal cirri disposed in a V over pygidium, 6 – 9 each side. Records. Abaís and Atalaia beaches, Sergipe State, northeastern coast of Brazil; Canelas Island, Pará State Brazil, northern coast of Brazil.	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF83FFF3FEF9FB4BFCFD5C42.taxon	materials_examined	Material originally examined by E. F. Nonato (lost): SE BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro State: Ilha Grande, Lopes Mendes Bay, 22 – 43 m, gravel and coarse sand with mud, coll. L. R. Tommasi (3 specimens). Holotype: Continental Shelf, SE Brazil: Rio de Janeiro State: 22 º 57 ’ – 23 º 00 ’ S; 47 º 07 ’ – 42 º 11 ’ W, 45 m, coarse sand, coll. P. Paiva (MCEM­BPO 1630).	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF83FFF3FEF9FB4BFCFD5C42.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Euzonus with slender body clearly divided into three regions by weak constrictions; body formula 11 a + 18 b + 6 a = 35 chaetigers. Cephalic region with 2 chaetigers, chaetiger 1 uniramous; thoracic region with 8 chaetigers, last of which (chaetiger 10) with 2 + 5 mammilliform papillae in a long, dorsoventrally oriented band just above notopodium of each side, reaching nearly to middorsum. Last abranchiate chaetigers uniramous; anal cirri with ventral pair stout, longer than dorsal ones.	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF83FFF3FEF9FB4BFCFD5C42.taxon	description	Description. Preserved material colorless; color in life unknown. Holotype 6 mm long; material examined by Nonato (1981) up to 30 mm long, all specimens with 35 chaetigers. Body slender, clearly divided into three regions by weak constrictions. Segments of thoracic region fairly well delimited, faintly annulated; segments of abdominal region multiannulate, with segmental limits less distinct. Cephalic region with oval nuchal organs and 2 chaetigers, thoracic region with 8 chaetigers, last of which (chaetiger 10) with 2 + 5 mammilliform papillae in a long, dorsoventrally oriented band just above notopodium of each side, reaching nearly to middorsum; chaetigers 9 – 16 with 2 mamilliform papillae more or less anterior to neuropodia, uppermost papilla of which sometimes interramal (Figs. 4 – 5). Branchiae bifid, with 2 subequal, long smooth, slender branches. Chaetae all capillaries, without distal modification; chaetiger 1 uniramous, with single bundle of chaetae, chaetigers 2 ­ 29 biramous; notochaetae of 2 – 28 only slightly longer and more numerous than neurochaetae; notochaetae of 29 becoming much longer than neurochaetae (Figs. 6 – 7); chaetigers 29 – 34 (= last branchiate + all posterior abranchiate) uniramous, with only very long notochaetae, about twice as long as on chaetiger 28; notochaetae several times as long as those of preceding segments except for chaetiger 34, where they are only about half as long as on chaetigers 30 – 34. Extent of ventral groove unknown. Pygidium broad at base, tapering to double midventral anal cirri (Fig. 7). Dorsal anal cirri disposed as a V over ventral plate, 12 – 18 in all, with 6 – 9 cirri on each side. Records. Known from Lopes Mendes Bay, Ilha Grande and continental shelf off Rio de Janeiro State, SE Brazil, 22 – 45 m, coarse sand.	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF83FFF3FEF9FB4BFCFD5C42.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Material of Euzonus sp. from southeastern Brazil was referred to as a new species, Euzonus mamillata [sic], by Nonato (1981) in an unpublished thesis, but was never published formally. The original material has been lost and it is therefore not possible to re­examine it or to fix the name on a type from one of the original specimens. According to the new International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999, effective from 1 January 2000), a species described after 1999 can only be validly described if the name can be fixed on a type specimen (ICZN 1999 Art. 72.3). Dr. Paulo Paiva’s find of new material of the species from the same general area as the worms studied by Nonato makes it possible to fulfill this requirement.	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
3A73E157FF89FFFCFEF9FB4FFD935ED1.taxon	description	We have not seen any material of Lobochesis, but the original illustrations are very carefully done. However, we can not see that the taxon is different enough from Euzonus to warrant separate generic status. A comparison of features believed to be unique to Lobochesis with the same or very similar ones in Euzonus suggests that the genus was erected on the basis of incomplete information about Euzonus. The expanded anterior lateral lobes on chaetiger 10 that are considered unique for Lobochesis are almost certainly the glandular ridges or corresponding lateral modifications on chaetiger 10 in Euzonus species. Except for the (now four) species with papillae on chaetiger 10, all species of Euzonus have such ridges, and it is not unexpected that the degree of development should vary. As far as we can see, the lateral ridges are not modifications of the notopodia of chaetiger 10, suggested by Hutchings & Murray (1984) to be the case in Euzonus, but of the body wall itself. This supposed difference between the two genera is therefore nonexistent. Similarly, that bifid branchiae should be rare and occur on posterior rather than middle segments in Euzonus is incorrect. Seven species described in or referred to Euzonus have only bifid branchiae, and two species have a mixture of simple, bifid and trifid. As can be seen from the body formulas in Table 1, branchiae occur on “ middle ” segments in all species. The conspicuously long chaetae of anterior and / or posterior segments believed to be typical of Lobochesis are also present on several species of Euzonus (Table 1). We therefore suggest that the genus Lobochesis is unnecessary and that it be treated as a junior synonym of Euzonus.	en	Santos, Cinthya S. G., Nonato, Edmundo F., Petersen, Mary E. (2004): Two new species of Opheliidae (Annelida: Polychaeta): Euzonus papillatus sp. n. from a northeastern Brazilian sandy beach and Euzonus mammillatus sp. n. from the continental shelf of southeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 478 (1): 1-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.478.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.478.1.1
