taxonID	type	description	language	source
042B4F2EFFDF2806FEB91BE6E312FD46.taxon	description	The venation of the wing illustrated appears most similar to that of species in the genus Chimarrhodella (Philopotamidae). I compared Navás' illustration with Blahnik & Holzenthal's (1992) illustration of Chimarrhodella galeata (Martynov) and specimens of C. tapanti Blahnik & Holzenthal 1992 and C. ulmeri (Ross 1956). The wings appear very similar in shape, and the crossveins forming the chord are lined up vertically in Loxinum and Chimarrhodella. There are certain differences: 1) crossvein r is at the bases of forks I and II in C. aequatoria, while it attaches more distally to M 2 in the three Chimarrhodella species examined; 2) crossvein m­cu also is placed more distally in C. aequatoria. Navás wrote that he used Ulmer's (1907) key. He would have had to make two errors in keying his specimen if he was looking at a Chimarrhodella: 1) he would have interpreted the terminal maxillary palp segment as non­annulate (on a pinned specimen this is not always easy to determine); and 2) he would have missed the ocelli (which in Chimarrhodella are small and easily obscured by setae on the head). Navás's description and illustration, such as they are, are consistent with Blahnik & Holzenthal's (1992) diagnosis of Chimarrhodella, and contradictory to the diagnosis of Calamoceratidae. Therefore, I am transferring this species to Chimarrhodella, NEW COMBINATION; as aequatorium is the type species of Loxinum, the latter becomes a junior synonym of Chimarrhodella, NEW SYNONYM.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDE2805FEB91B3EE147F98C.taxon	description	Generic description, adult. Forewing length 8.4 – 20.8 mm; female usually slightly larger than male. Forewing color (membrane and setae) variable, overall color ranging from golden brown to dark brown, with, in some species, mottled pattern formed by hairs in various shades of gold and brown. Antennae usually twice wing length or longer (in B. loxana ¸ relative antennal length of females is reduced); scape shorter than head length, round. Maxillary palps 5 ­ segmented in both sexes; all segments 3 – 4 times longer than wide. Labial palps 3 ­ segmented. Head with anterior, anteromesal, posterior and posterolateral setal warts; central setal area bare or with fine setae only, these not aggregated as distinct warts; anteromesal setal warts prominent and single or paired; posteromesal ridge present at posterodorsal margin of head (Fig. 1 A). Mesoscutum without distinct setal warts, with stout setae arranged in two anterior­posterior sublateral lines, each line one to several setae wide; in some species additional setae scattered between these lines (Fig. 1 B). Anterior margin of mesoscutellum straight; without warts or prominent setae (Fig. 1 B). Metathoracic leg of males often with posterior fringe of long setae. Forewing venation typical for family: forks I – V present, discoidal and medial cells closed; R 1 recurrent onto R 2 or free to wing margin; Cu 2 and A 1 free to wing margin (Figs. 2 A). Hind wing with forks I, II, III, and V present, discoidal and medial cells open (Figs. 2 B); base of hind wing with semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae (Fig. 32 B; not present in a few species). Male. Tergum IX much shorter than sternum IX (Fig. 3 A); posterior margin of tergum variously modified by short projections or processes. Sternum IX narrower mesally than laterally, internal ridges may be present mesally or sublaterally; patches of pleural setae may be present dorsolaterally or ventrolaterally (Fig. 3 A). Preanal appendages of varying length and shape, bearing most setae on apical two­thirds. Tergum X approximately equal in length to inferior appendages, posterior margin of tergum X variously modified with processes and projections. Inferior appendages 2 ­ segmented, not highly modified; coxopodite covered with long setae, particularly on lateral and ventral surfaces; harpago cylindrical or tapered apically, bearing short, pointed, peglike setae on mesal and apicoventral surfaces; some short fine setae may be present basally on harpago; base of inferior appendages occupies 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 length of sternum IX. Phallobase a simple curved tube, curvature consistent throughout genus, phallotremal sclerites reduced; dorsal sclerite U­ or Vshaped; ventral sclerite narrow and flat or absent; endotheca may consist of multiple membranous lobes with species­specific arrangement. Female. Sternum VIII more darkly sclerotized than anterior segments, anterior margin marked by darkly sclerotized ridge; posterior margin bearing many short stout setae, mesally cleft to anterior ridge; lateral margins indistinct beyond lateral apodemes extending from anterior margin. Tergum IX with anterior margin entire and concave; mesally without clear junction with tergum X. Sternum IX with anterior and posterior pair of striate lobes lateral to vaginal opening. Tergum X bearing paired posterolateral appendages, varying in shape, length and degree of distinctness from tergite; these appendages bearing many long setae apically; posteromesal portion of tergite membranous or semisclerotized. Sternum X mostly membranous except for bases of dorsal appendages; semisclerotized patches and short fine setae may be present lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus consisting of anterior and posterior sclerites; duct leading to spermatheca arises from within sclerotized pocket on ventral surface of anterior sclerite; duct leading to bursa copulatrix arises from anterior margin; posterior sclerite tapered posteriorly, connected to anterior sclerite by dorsal mound of membranous tissue.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDD2804FEB91EFEE13BFBE1.taxon	description	Figs. 1 – 15	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDD2804FEB91EFEE13BFBE1.taxon	description	Male. Tergum IX with darkly sclerotized anterior ridges, posterior margin indistinct, rounded or notched mesally; lateral ridge (Fig. 3 A) usually present; dorsal and ventral pleural setae present; sternum IX with anterior ridge. Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, length 3 – 4 times width, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X without posterior projections, (sometimes) notched posteromesally (Figs. 3 B, 6 B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with tiny peglike setae apically. Phallic endotheca with large round, spiculate ventrolateral lobes and single or paired dorsomesal lobes (Figs. 3 D, E). Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; with setae on posterior surface or restricted to posterior margin. Tergum IX with distinct anterior marginal ridge; sternum IX with striate lateral lobes. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage extends beyond posterior margin of tergum (Figs. 4 B, 7 B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate or truncate anteriorly. If posterior end of spermatheca sclerotized, not as a sclerotized sphere (Fig. 9 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDC2802FEB91CC4E084FE61.taxon	description	Figs. 1 – 4	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDC2802FEB91CC4E084FE61.taxon	description	Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of golden setae. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, hind tibia of male without posterior fringe. Forewing mottled gold and golden brown, with large patch of gold in distal corner of cell A 3. Hind wings without basal structures. Male. Tergum IX with heavily sclerotized anterior ridges, posterior margin rounded or notched mesally (Fig. 3 B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 5; ventral pleural setae approximately 5; sternum IX without posterior extensions of anterior ridge. Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X shallowly notched posteromesally; with posteroventral flange (Fig. 3 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with tiny peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite V­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube; endotheca with large round, spiculate ventrolateral lobes and small, paired dorsomesal lobes. Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; dense fine setae covering posterior 1 / 3 (Fig. 4 C). Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and finely striate, smooth anteromesally. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage without clear suture line; with short digitate posteromesal process (Fig. 4 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates, bearing fine setae, lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections rounded; posterior sclerite triangular (Fig. 4 A). Posterior end of spermatheca a tiny sclerotized cone. The association of the female of this species is tentative. In other species of Banyallarga, the males and females appear very similar in color and proportion, the only significant difference being that females are slightly larger. Of the material I examined, only 5 females were collected with males of B. argentinica. Three of these, from Argentina, look rather different from the males, being darker, with a different wing shape, and possibly with the shape of the anterior setal wart (of the head) different. They are badly rubbed, so details of wing setation are not available. The other two females, from Bolivia, are different from the Argentina specimens. Unfortunately, all specimens in this series are badly rubbed, and while these females are more similar to the males in color and shape, they are indistinguishable from females of B. yungensis. The female illustrated here is one of the specimens from Argentina. It is distinct from females of other Banyallarga species, but examination of additional positively associated specimens would increase my confidence that this is indeed the female of B. argentinica. Material examined. ARGENTINA: Catamarca: Ao. El Pintado, near La Viña, 18. x. 1973, Flint — 3 male paratypes (NMNH); El Rodeo, 18 – 19. x. 1973, Flint — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Formosa: 6. vi — 1 male (MCZ); Jujuy: 29. ii. 1920 — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Yala, viii. 1982, Angrisano — 1 female (NMNH); Salta: Cañada La Gotera, Rt. 59 km 23.5, 16 – 17. x. 1973, Flint — holotype male (MHNJP); 1 male, 1 female paratypes (UMSP); Payogasta, 13. x. 1973, Flint — 2 male paratypes (NMNH); Rt. 59. Km. 22.5 Pena Baya, 16 – 17. x. 1973, Flint — 5 male paratypes (NMNH); Salta, 17 – 18. v. 1969, P & P Spangler — 4 male, 1 female paratypes (NMNH); 1 male paratype (UMSP); 1898 – 1904, Steinbach — 2 males, 2 females (ZMHU); Tucuman: Dept. Tafi Viejo, Quebrada Cainzo, 18 – 19. xii. 1950, Golbach — 1 male (NMNH); Siambon, 10. x. 1973, Flint — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Parque Aconquija, 6. iv. 1929, Jaynes — 1 male paratype (NMNH); BOLIVIA: El Palmar to Cristal Mayo (? label illegible), 1500 m, 10. xii. 1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); Cochabamba: Siberia, 2900 m, 18. ii. 1976, Peña G. — 20 males, 2 females (NMNH); 2 males (UMSP); PERU: Cuzco: 13 ° 08 ' 00 " S 71 ° 33 ' 00 " W, 2150 m, 28 – 29. viii. 1989, Adams — 6 females (NMNH). Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Peru.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDA2802FEB91A44E031F926.taxon	description	Fig. 5	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDA2802FEB91A44E031F926.taxon	description	Adult. Forewing length 10.9 mm (n = 1). Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown. Tibial spurs 2: 4: 3 [according to Navás's description; hind leg of specimen missing]. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae (as in Fig. 32 B). Male. Tergum IX with darkly sclerotized anterior ridge, posterior margin concave; lateral ridge present; sternum IX with posterior sublateral ridges. Preanal appendage subequal to tergum X, rounded apically, with short setae on apical half (Fig 5 B). Tergum X truncate apically, with a sharp dorsolateral ridge (Fig. 5 B); in lateral view posterior margin oblique (Fig. 5 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite U­shaped. Female. Unknown Material examined. COLOMBIA: Santander: Pamplona, 2300 m, 1920, Rochereau — holotype male (MNHNP). Distribution. Colombia.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFD92800FEB9196CE117FD71.taxon	description	Figs. 6, 7	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFD92800FEB9196CE117FD71.taxon	description	Adult. Forewing length 15.8 – 20.8 mm (n = 34). Head chestnut brown. Maxillary palps golden brown, covered with dark setae. Antenna of male twice forewing length, female antenna only slightly longer than wing; flagellum chestnut brown posteromesally, pale anterolaterally. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, tibiae covered with dark setae, each tarsomere dark basally and pale distally. Forewing mottled gold and golden brown, with large round patches of pale setae marking nygma and thyridium; large patch of pale setae at posteromesal margin. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae (as in Fig. 32 B). Male. Tergum IX with heavily sclerotized anterior ridge, posterior margin rounded or irregular (Fig. 6 B); lateral ridge incomplete dorsally; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15; ventral pleural setae approximately 3; sternum IX with paired sublateral ridges extending from anterior margin, not reaching posterior margin (Fig. 6 C). Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X tapered and shallowly notched posteromesally; in lateral view with shallowly humped dorsal ridge (Fig. 6 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basoventrally, peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube. Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; dense fine setae covering posterior 1 / 4; posterior margin marked by single row of short stout setae (Fig. 7 C). Tergum IX without mesal ridge; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and finely striate. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, with sclerotized bands sublaterally, appendage without clear suture line; with short digitate posteromesal process (Fig. 7 B); sternum X with patches of fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections truncate; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 7 A). Material examined. ARGENTINA: Tucuman: Siambon, ii. 1933 — 1 female (NMNH); BOLIVIA: Cochabamba: Yungas de Corani, 2800 m, 11. xii. 1984, Peña G. — 1 female (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); La Paz: Río Zongo, 1900 m, 24 – 31. x. 1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); Tarata, Río Zongo, 3200 m, 24 – 30. x. 1984, Peña G. — 6 females (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); ECUADOR: Azuay: Cajas, 3150 m, 23. xii. 1992, Becker — 1 male, 3 females (NMNH); Río Llaviuco, 16 km W Quenca, 3010 m, 18. ix. 1990, Flint — 1 male, 3 females (NMNH); Loja: 1909, Poujade — holotype female (MNHNP); Zamora­ Chinchipe: 30 km E Loja, 2000 m, 23. ix. 1990, Flint — 1 female (NMNH); PERU: Cuzco: 13 ° 08 ' 00 " S 71 ° 33 ' 00 " W, 2150 m, 28 – 29. viii. 1989, Adams — 1 male, 3 females (NMNH); Buenos Aires, 53 km W Pilcopata, 2280 m, 3 – 5. xii. 1979, Heppner — 1 female (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd. small streams past Morro Leguia, 2000 m, 21. vi. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 1 female (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., small stream ca. 0.5 km from Puente Morro Leguia, 2220 m, 20. vi. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 3 females (NMNH); 2 females (UMSP). Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFD8281FFEB91B54E667FC89.taxon	description	Figs. 8, 9 Banyallarga penai is similar to B. columbiana in the broad apex of tergum X, which in B. penai is shallowly notched. Banyallarga penai is distinguished from B. columbiana and other species in the subgenus Banyallarga by the paired basolateral lobes of tergum X (Fig. 8 B). Adult. Forewing length 11.9 – 12.9 mm (n = 10). Head chestnut brown. Maxillary palps chestnut brown. Antenna twice forewing length, dark brown laterally, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on mesal surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown. Forewing mottled gold and dark brown, with large round patches of golden setae marking nygma and thyridium. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Tergum IX with heavily sclerotized anterior ridge, mesal surface semimembranous and covered with dense fine pilosity; lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15; ventral pleural setae approximately 5; sternum IX with paired sublateral ridges extending from anterior margin to posterior margin (Fig. 8 C). Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, rounded apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X with paired rounded basolateral lobes; tapered and shallowly notched posteromesally (Fig. 8 B); in lateral view tapered apically (Fig. 8 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basoventrally, peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube; endotheca with large round, spiculate lateral lobes and single large dorsomesal lobe (Fig. 8 D, E). Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; dense fine setae covering posterior 1 / 2. Tergum IX without mesal ridge; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and finely striate; anterior lobe smooth anteromesally, posterior lobe with fine punctations posterolaterally. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage roundly tapered posteromesally (Fig. 9 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections tapered; posterior sclerite narrowing toward vaginal opening, posterior end of spermatheca a robust sclerotized ring (Fig. 9 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFD8281FFEB91B54E667FC89.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: BOLIVIA: La Paz: Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19 – 25. xi. 1984, Peña G. (UMSP 000010005; NMNH). Paratypes: BOLIVIA: La Paz: Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19 – 25. xi. 1984, Peña G. — 3 males, 2 females, 2 adults (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); ECUADOR: Loja: Loja, 2750 m, 21. xii. 1992, Becker — 1 female (NMNH). Distribution. Bolivia, Ecuador. Etymology. Named in honor of the late L. E. Peña, who through his collecting efforts added greatly to our knowledge of the Neotropical caddisfly fauna.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC7281DFEB91BECE145FB11.taxon	description	Figs. 10, 11	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC7281DFEB91BECE145FB11.taxon	description	Walker (1852) described Hydropsyche vicaria (Hydropsychidae) from a female specimen. McLachlan (1871) described a male specimen from Venezuela, identifying the species as that described by Walker and recognizing H. vicaria as belonging to the calamoceratid genus Ganonema. Navás (1916) described two Colombian species, testacea and crenata, in a new genus, Banyallarga, and designated testacea as the type species of the genus. In a review of Neotropical calamoceratids, Flint (1983) recognized Walkerís species as belonging to the same generic unit as B. testacea, while from the wing venation illustrated, he placed B. crenata as a species of Phylloicus. The types of both Navás species were in the collection Appolinaris, and now are presumed lost (Flint et al. 1999 a). No other material identified as B. testacea is known. Therefore, B. testacea is known only from Navás's illustrations of the wings and a lateral view of the male terminalia. The latter illustration is highly generalized, and could pertain to a number of species, of which two, B. columbiana and B. vicaria, are found in the mountain range containing the original type locality of B. testacea,. Because of this potential confusion, I am designating a neotype (ICZN 1999, Article 75) for B. testacea, to define the species objectively. Banyallarga vicaria is the better known of the two species and therefore more appropriate for fixing the identity of B. testacea (B. columbiana being known only from the holotype, which is in poor condition), According to Article 67.1.2, (ICZN 1999), B. testacea, as a junior synonym, remains the type species of Banyallarga. Banyallarga vicaria can be separated from B. columbiana by the lack of a sharp mesal ridge on the dorsal surface of male tergum X, the shallow notch of the apical margin, and the more pronounced apical tapering. From the similar B. villosa, it can be separated by the shallow, as opposed to deep, mesal notch on the apex of tergum X. Adult. Forewing length 9.9 – 11.9 (n = 97). Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of dark and golden setae. Maxillary palps chestnut brown. Antenna twice forewing length, dark brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown, golden brown mesally; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, hind tibia of male without posterior fringe. Forewing mottled dark brown and gold, nygma, thyridium, and anal cell marked in gold. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae, female with thick basoposterior brush of golden setae. Male. Tergum IX posterior margin rounded (Fig. 10 B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15; sternum IX with heavy anterior ridge. Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X tapered in dorsal and lateral views, shallowly notched posteromesally (Fig. 10 B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae dorsally and tiny peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube; endotheca with large round, spiculate lateral lobes and long digitate dorsomesal lobes (Fig. 10 D, E). Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; posterior margin marked by single row of stout setae. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally length of segment; sternum IX with single pair of lobes darkly sclerotized and striate; anterolateral surface concave, surface rugose. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage without clear suture line; roundly tapered posteromesally (Fig. 11 B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections rounded; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 11 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC7281DFEB91BECE145FB11.taxon	materials_examined	BOLIVIA: La Paz: Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19 – 25. xi. 1984, Peña G. — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); VENEZUELA: B. vicaria holotype female (BMNH); Barinas: La Chimenea, 5 km Sur La Soledad, 1500 m, 28 – 29. v. 1975, Dietz — 1 female (NMNH); San Isidro, 24. ix. 1975, Dietz — 4 males (NMNH); 25. ix. 1925, Dietz — 1 male (NMNH); San Isidro, 14 km Sur La Soledad, 1500 m, 30 – 31. v. 1975, Dietz — 1 male (NMNH); Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, Queb. San Juan in Sta. Rosa, 08 ° 27 ' 52 " N 70 ° 50 ' 55 " W, 1000 m, 21. iii. 1997, Holzenthal — 3 males (UMSP); Lara: Yacambú, 1200 m, 13. v. 1981, Townes — 11 males, 14 females (NMNH); Parque Nacional Dinira, Quebrada Las Pinetas, 09 ° 46 ' 19 " N 70 ° 01 ' 45 " W, 1889 m, 22. vi. 2001, Holzenthal, Blahnik, Paprocki, & Cressa — 2 males, 1 female (IZAM); 3 males, 7 females (UMSP); Parque Nacional Yacambú, 6 – 8. iv. 1981, Menke & Hollenberg — 2 males (NMNH); 13 km SE Sanare, 1560 m, 1 – 5. viii. 1981, Heppner — 5 males, 6 females (NMNH); 28 – 31. viii. 1981, Heppner — 6 males (NMNH); 10 males, 10 females (UMSP); 6 – 11. viii. 1981, Heppner — 12 males, 15 females (NMNH); El Blanquito, 1350 m, 1 – 3. viii. 1976, Rosales & Joly — 2 males, 4 females (NMNH); Mérida: Río Albarregas, ca. 1 km NW Univ. de los Andes, 08 ° 38 ' 02 " N 71 ° 09 ' 29 " W, 1980 m, 17. i. 1994, Holzenthal, Cressa, & Rincón — 1 male, 1 female (IZAM); 1 female (UMSP); 24. iv. 1995, Holzenthal, Gutic, & Segnini — 1 female (UMSP); Río La Gonzalez, road between Merida & Jaji, 08 ° 35 ' 05 " N 71 ° 17 ' 58 " W, 1870 m, 25. iv. 1995, Holzenthal, Cressa, & Gutic — 8 females (UMSP); Río Montalban, Rt. 4 19 km W Merida, 20. ii. 1976, C & O Flint — 3 females (NMNH); Tabay, 2200 m, 1. v. 1981, Townes — 1 male (NMNH); 30. iv. 1981, Townes — 1 female (NMNH); Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, Mucuy Fish Hatchery, 7 km E Tabay, Queb. La Mucuy, 2012 m, 18. i. 1994, Holzenthal, Cressa, & Rincón — 2 males (NMNH); 4 males, 9 females, B. testacea neotype male (UMSP); 26. iv. 1995, Holzenthal, Gutic, & Segnini — 4 males, 3 females (UMSP); Trujillo: Quebrada Potrerito, 7.5 km NE Bocono, 09 ° 16 ' 26 " N 70 ° 13 ' 06 " W, 1530 m, 29 – 30. iv. 1995, Holzenthal, Cressa, & Gutic — 9 females (UMSP).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC7281DFEB91BECE145FB11.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC5281CFEB91C8EE042FBE1.taxon	description	Figs. 12, 13	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC5281CFEB91C8EE042FBE1.taxon	description	Adult. Forewing length 9.4 – 11.7 mm (n = 8). Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of golden setae. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna chestnut brown. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, hind tibia of male without posterior fringe. Forewing chestnut and golden brown. Hind wings without basal structures. Male. Tergum IX with faint anterior ridge, extending mesally to posterior margin (Fig. 12 B); lateral ridge incomplete dorsally; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15, long; sternum IX with heavy anterior ridge and paired sublateral posterior ridges. Preanal appendage subequal to tergum X, sharply tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X in dorsal view with deep posteromesal notch, apically tapered in lateral view (Fig. 12 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube (Fig. 12 D, E). Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; with fine setae on posterior margin. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally 1 / 2 length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes striate; smoothly sclerotized anteromesally and posterolaterally. Tergum X semimembranous, with sclerotized bands sublaterally, appendage with short digitate posteromesal process (Fig. 13 B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections rounded; posterior sclerite triangular (Fig. 13 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC5281CFEB91C8EE042FBE1.taxon	materials_examined	ECUADOR: Loja: 1909, Poujade — holotype female (MNHNP); Loja, Staudinger — 2 males, 1 female (ZMHU); 2750 m, 23 – 25. iii. 1965, Peña G. — 3 males (NMNH); Loja, San Lucas, 2500 m, 24. x. 1977, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH). Distribution. Ecuador.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC4281AFEB91CC4E1FFFC39.taxon	description	Figs. 14, 15	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC4281AFEB91CC4E1FFFC39.taxon	description	Adult. Forewing length 9.7 – 12.4 mm (n = 64). Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of golden setae. Maxillary palps dark brown. Antenna twice forewing length, dark brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, tibiae covered with dark setae, each tarsomere dark basally and pale distally. Forewing mottled dark brown and gold, nygma marked by golden spot, proximal half of wing posterior mostly bright gold; thyridial cell filled with dark brown setae. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Tergum IX with faint anterior ridge, posterior margin indistinct (Fig. 14 B); lateral ridge absent; dorsal pleural setae numerous, short; sternum IX with heavy anterior ridge. Preanal appendage subequal to tergum X, roundly tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X in dorsal view tapered, with shallow rounded posteromesal notch, in lateral view with high dorsal ridge and tapered apically (Fig. 14 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube, with large spiculate ventrolateral lobes and small rounded paired dorsomesal lobes (Fig. 14 D, E). Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering surface of sternite. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes striate; smoothly sclerotized anteromesally and posterolaterally. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered posteromesally (Fig. 15 B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 15 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC4281AFEB91CC4E1FFFC39.taxon	materials_examined	ARGENTINA: Salta: 72: Rosario del al Frontera, Los Banos, 11. iv. 1979 — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); 73: W. of Grl. Güemes, Parq. Nat. El Ray, 10. iv. 1979 — 2 males, 2 females (NMNH); Tucuman: Dept. Tafi Viejo, Quebrada Cainzo, 18 – 19. xii. 1950, Golbach — 3 males (NMNH); Horco Molle, near Tucumán, 15 – 19. i. 1966, Stange — 2 females (NMNH); 19. i. 1966, Stange — holotype male, 1 male paratype (NMNH); 3 – 10. iv. 1966, Stange — 6 male, 7 female paratypes (NMNH); 7 – 13. iii. 1966, Stange — 15 male, 8 female paratypes (NMNH); BOLIVIA: Chuquisaca: Incahuasi, E Muyupampa, 1600 m, 23. xii. 1984, Peña G. — 2 males (NMNH); Cochabamba: Siberia, 2900 m, 18. ii. 1976, Peña G. — 1 female (NMNH); La Paz: Quebradas del Río Zongo, 1400 m, 24 – 30. x. 1984, Peña G. — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); 1 male, 1 female (UMSP); Río Zongo, 1900 m, 24 – 31. x. 1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); Sorata, 2800 m, 11 – 15. xi. 1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19 – 25. xi. 1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); Zongo, Staudinger — 1 male (ZMHU); PERU: Cuzco: 13 ° 08 ' 00 " S 71 ° 33 ' 00 " W, 2150 m, 28 – 29. viii. 1989, Adams — 8 males (NMNH); Callanga, Staudinger & Bang­ Haas — 1 male, 2 females (DEI); Machu Picchu, 2450 m, 16 – 18. x. 1981, Davis — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., Puente Morro Leguia, 13 ° 07 ' 26 " S 71 ° 43 ' 22 " W, 2200 m, 20 – 21. vi. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 1 female (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., Quebrada Quitacalz — n at Puente Quitacalzón, 13 ° 01 ' 34 " S 71 ° 29 ' 58 " W, 1050 m, 25 – 27. vi. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 2 males (NMNH); 2 males (UMSP); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., Río San Pedro @ Puente San Pedro, 13 ° 03 ' 18 " S 71 ° 32 ' 47 " W, 1445 m, 24. vi. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 1 female (NMNH); 1 female (UMSP); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., river at Puente Unión, 13 ° 04 ' 13 " S 71 ° 34 ' 00 " W, 1670 m, 21 – 23. vi. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 4 males (NMNH); Quincemil, xi. 1962, Peña G. — 1 male (CNC); Santa Isabel, Cosnipata Valley, 22. xii. 1951, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); 26. xii. 1951, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); 30. xi. 1951, Woytkowski — 2 males (NMNH); 6. xii. 1951, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); Paucartambo, Callanga, Callanga River Valley, 1300 m, 21. ii. 1953, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); 25. ii. 1953, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., streamlet 50 m E Quinta Calzon, 1050 m, 26. vi. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 1 male (NMNH); Pte. San Pedro, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata km 152, 13 ° 09 ' 00 " S 71 ° 26 ' 00 " W, 1430 m, 2 – 3. ix. 1988, Flint & Adams — 2 males (NMNH); 30 – 31. viii. 1989, Adams — 2 males (NMNH); stream 3 km E Puente San Pedro, 13 ° 09 ' 00 " S 71 ° 26 ' 00 " W, 1430 m, 31. viii. 1989, Adams — 5 males (NMNH); Quinta Calzon ca. 30 km NW Pilcopata, km 164, 13 ° 09 ' 00 " S 71 ° 22 ' 00 " W, 1030 m, 1 – 2. ix. 1989, Adams — 1 male (NMNH); streamlet, 50 km E Quinta Calzon, 13 ° 09 ' 00 " S 71 ° 22 ' 00 " W, 1030 m, 2. ix. 1989, Adams — 1 male (NMNH); VENEZUELA: Lara: Yacambú, 1200 m, 10. v. 1981, Townes — 3 males, 3 females (NMNH). Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC22819FEB91B9CE16FFAA9.taxon	description	Figs. 16 – 36 Type species: Ganonema molliculum McLachlan 1871. This subgenus includes two species originally described in Murielia Hogue and Denning 1983 (in Denning et al. 1983). The genus was largely established to accommodate these two species, (described in the same paper), but the authors chose to select Phylloicus farri Flint (1968) as the type species for their new genus, based on what they believed to be synapomorphies. However, Flint et al. (1999 b) recognized that the type species of Murielia is a true species of Phylloicus and therefore synonymized Murielia with Phylloicus. He transferred the two new species of Murielia described in Denning et al (1983) to Banyallarga. However, the new species described in Murielia, Banyallarga acutiterga and B. fortuna, along with a Venezuelan species, B. mollicula, and several new species from Central America and northwestern South America do form a distinct clade within Banyallarga (Fig. 37), whose distinctiveness was first recognized by Hogue and Denning. This clade is here described as a new subgenus of Banyallarga. Histricoverpa is distinguished from its sister subgenus by several characters. A pointed mesal process is present on the anterior margin of sternum VII (Fig. 16), in some species also on sternum VI. The abdominal terga lack anteromesal notches. In males of several species (B. acutiterga, echinata, fortuna, nica, quincemil, and sylvana; the single male specimens of mexicana and sanchezi have lost segment IV) the lateral margin of sternum IV is deeply excavated (Fig. 16); possibly this is related to the function of an abdominal glandular structure. In B. acutiterga ¸ echinata, fortuna, nica, quincemil, sylvana, and tapanti, the posterolateral margin of segment IX is broadly produced as a rounded lobe (Fig. 17 A). Generally, the preanal appendages are much longer than tergum X, except in B. mollicula, and are somewhat flexible distally. The name refers to the thornlike setae on the phallic endothecal membrane (Figs. 17 D, 21 D), which are unique to the species in this subgenus. The endotheca was fully everted in only a few specimens, so I am unable to assess whether the arrangement of the thornlike setae is species­specific. In the female, the posterior end of the spermatheca is sclerotized as a sphere, with a posterior invagination where the spermathecal duct enters (Fig. 20 A). Male. In some species, sternum IV lateral margin deeply excavated (Fig. 16). Tergum IX very short mesally; anterolateral margin of segment IX with broad rounded anterior process (Fig. 17 A). Preanal appendages usually much longer than tergum X, narrow, several times longer than wide. Phallic endotheca bearing numerous thornlike setae or spines (Figs. 17 D, 21 D). Female. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge entire, mesal ridge sometimes present. Sternum IX with anterior and posterior pair of striate lobes lateral to vaginal opening. Tergum X bearing paired posterolateral appendages, varying in shape, not extending 1 / 2 length beyond posterior margin of tergum; posteromesal portion of tergite membranous or semisclerotized. Sternum X mostly membranous except for bases of dorsal appendages; semisclerotized patches and short fine setae may be present lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus complex (Figs. 18 A, 20 A); posterior end of spermatheca sclerotized as a sphere, with posterior invagination where spermathecal duct enters (Figs. 20 A, 22 A). Etymology. From histricis, Latin, meaning " porcupine ", and verpa, Latin, meaning " penis, " for the phallus of these species, the endotheca of which is covered with thornlike setae that resemble the quills of a porcupine.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC12818FEB91D0CE025F9E9.taxon	description	Figs. 16 – 18	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC12818FEB91D0CE025F9E9.taxon	description	Adult. Forewing length 9.8 – 10.5 mm (n = 22). Head chestnut brown. Maxillary palps chestnut brown. Antenna twice forewing length, chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora chestnut brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled chestnut and golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process (Fig. 16). Tergum IX with darkly sclerotized anterior ridge, posterior margin indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 17 B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae numerous, long. Preanal appendage much longer than tergum X, narrow, slightly expanded and flexible apically, with long setae on apical 2 / 3. Tergum X with long acute apicoventral projections (Figs. 17 A, B); cleft posteromesally (Fig. 17 B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite U­shaped (17 E), thornlike setae on endothecal membrane. Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII narrow anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior 1 / 4 of sternite. Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending posteriorly 1 / 2 length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes striate. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage short, smoothly rounded posteriorly (Fig. 18 B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite rounded anteriorly, posterolateral projections truncate; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 18 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC12818FEB91D0CE025F9E9.taxon	materials_examined	COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: 13 mi. E of Esparta, 853 m 25. vii. 1967 — 2 males (NMNH); 2.8 mi E of Golfito, 3 – 4. vii. 1967, Flint & Ortiz — 9 males (NMNH); Río Bellavista, ca. 1.5 km NW Las Alturas, 08 ° 57 ' 04 " N 82 ° 50 ' 46 " W, 1400 m, 10 – 11. viii. 1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, & Muñoz — 2 males (UMSP); 16 – 17. iii. 1991, Holzenthal, Muñoz, & Huisman — 1 male (UMSP); 8 – 9. iv. 1987, Holzenthal, Hamilton, & Heyn — 1 female (INBIO); 1 male (UMSP); Río Cotón, in Las Alturas, 08 ° 56 ' 17 " N 82 ° 49 ' 34 " W, 1360 m, 13 – 14. viii. 1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, & Muñoz — 1 male (INBIO); Río Jaba, rock quarry, 1.4 km (air) W Las Cruces, 08 ° 47 ' 24 " N 82 ° 58 ' 12 " W, 1150 m, 9. viii. 1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, & Muñoz — 3 males, 3 females (UMSP); Jardín Botanico R & C Wilson, unnamed trib., Sendro del Agua, 08 ° 48 ' 00 " N 82 ° 57 ' 36 " W, 1180 m, 8. viii. 1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, & Muñoz — 2 males, 2 females (UMSP); San José: Motel Prado, San Isidro del General, 10. vi. 1967, Hogue — holotype male, 1 male paratype (LACM). Distribution. Costa Rica.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC02816FEB91ECCE16EFD91.taxon	description	Figs. 19 – 20 Banyallarga " n. sp. 1 " Flint 1996 b: 424 As its name implies, B. echinata is distinguished easily from other known species by the presence of paired rows of prominent spinelike setae on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of tergum X (Fig. 18 B). Banyallarga nica is the only other species in Histricoverpa with spinelike setae on tergum X, but these are shorter, not arranged in rows, and located on the apices of long lateral lobes. Adult. Forewing length 9.3 – 11.0 mm (n = 11). Head golden brown, with dorsomesal crest of dark brown setae. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden brown. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled chestnut and gold. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sterna VI and VII with pointed anteromesal processes. Tergum IX with short truncate posterior projection; dorsal pleural setae numerous; sternum IX with paired mesal ridges extending from anterior to posterior margin. Preanal appendages long, slightly flexible apically; apical 2 / 3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 19 B). Segment X deeply emarginate posteriorly, forming two acute lateral projections; mesal and lateral margins bearing spinelike setae (Fig. 19 B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 19 C). Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 19 D). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 20 C). Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending only slightly from anterior margin, posterior margin marked by rounded lobes bearing fine pilosity (Fig. 20 B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate (Fig. 20 A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 20 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections acute, posterior portion folded beneath ventral surface; posterior sclerite enclosed within a semisclerotized sheath more than half width of posterior abdomen; dorsal connective membrane with regular, dense pleating (Fig. 20 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC02816FEB91ECCE16EFD91.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: PERU: Madre de Dios: Manu Biosphere Res., Pakitza Bio. Sta., 01 ­ 13 ­ 19 ­ 99, 11 ° 56 ' 00 " S 71 ° 18 ' 00 " W, 350 m, 1. x. 1987, Pogue (BIOLAT / TRIC 000000105; NMNH). Paratypes: PERU: Cuzco: Cosnipata Valley, 12. iii. 1952, Woytkowski — 2 males (INHS); 24. ii. 1952, Woytkowski — 1 male (INHS); Madre de Dios: Manu Biosphere Res., Pakitza Bio. Sta., 01 ­ 13 ­ 01 ­ 99, 11 ° 56 ' 00 " S 71 ° 18 ' 00 " W, 350 m, 27. ix. 1987, Pogue — 1 male (NMNH); 01 ­ 13 ­ 19 ­ 99, 11 ° 56 ' 00 " S 71 ° 18 ' 00 " W, 350 m, 1. x. 1987, Pogue — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); kitchen stream, 11 ° 56 ' 00 " S 71 ° 18 ' 00 " W, 250 m, 12 – 18. ix. 1989, Adams — 1 male (NMNH); trail 2, marker 18, 11 ° 56 ' 00 " S 71 ° 18 ' 00 " W, 250 m, 12 – 23. ix. 1989, Adams et al. — 1 male (NMNH); Quebrada Paujil­Picoflor, trail 1, marker 13, 11 ° 56 ' 39 " S 71 ° 16 ' 59 " W, 350 m, 4 – 6. vii. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 1 female (MHNJP); Quebrada Trompetero, trail 2, marker 15, 11 ° 56 ' 39 " S 71 ° 16 ' 59 " W, 350 m, 3. vii. 1993, Blahnik & Pescador — 1 male (UMSP).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC02816FEB91ECCE16EFD91.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Peru	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC02816FEB91ECCE16EFD91.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Echinata, from the Latin echinatus, meaning " prickly, " referring to the prominent spinelike setae of male tergum X.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCE2815FEB91AF4E0B9FD59.taxon	description	Figs. 21 – 22 Undescribed genus, undescribed species " A " McElravy et al. 1981: 153 — Denning et al. 1983: 190.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCE2815FEB91AF4E0B9FD59.taxon	description	Adult. Forewing length 8.4 – 9.9 mm (n = 6). Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled chestnut and golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sterna VI and VII with pointed anteromesal processes. Tergum IX with distinct anterior marginal ridge; dorsal pleural setae numerous. Preanal appendages much longer than tergum X, slightly flexible apically; apical 2 / 3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 21 A). Segment X shallowly emarginate posteriorly (Fig. 21 B), forming two short rounded lateral projections; in lateral view posterior margin rounded. Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 21 C). Phallus with U­shaped dorsal phallotremal sclerite, ventral sclerite a short, indistinct sclerotized tube, thornlike setae cover ventral and anterolateral surface of endothecal membrane (Fig. 21 D). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; short stout setae in two rows on posterior margin (Fig. 22 C). Tergum IX without mesal ridge, posterior margin rounded (Fig. 22 B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 22 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig. 22 A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite shallowly emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 22 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCE2815FEB91AF4E0B9FD59.taxon	materials_examined	COSTA RICA: Cartago: near Tuis, 914 m, 16 – 22. vii. 1993, Hanson — 1 male (EMUS); Heredia: Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, Río Peje, Puesto El Ceiba, 10 ° 19 ' 37 " N 84 ° 04 ' 41 " W, 480 m, 29 – 31. v. 1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, & Muñoz — 1 female (UMSP); Límon: Limon, 16 km W Guapiles, 400 m, ii – iii. 1989, Hanson — 2 males (UMSP); PANAMA: Chiriqui: Fortuna Dam Site nr. Hornitos, 08 ° 55 ' 00 " N 82 ° 16 ' 00 " W, 1050 m, 17 – 23. viii. 1977, Wolda — holotype male (UCB); 25. iv – 1. v. 1979, Wolda — 1 female (NMNH). Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCD2814FEB91B3CE0A0FD71.taxon	description	Figs. 23 – 24 This species is known only from two specimens. It is unique within Histricoverpa due to the easily recognizable long, paired, apically bifurcate posterior projections of tergum X (Fig. 23 A, B). Adult. Forewing length 13.0 – 13.3 mm (n = 2). Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna golden brown, base of each flagellomere pale. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing uniform golden brown. Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 23 B); lateral ridge incomplete posteriorly; anterior marginal ridge of sternum extending slightly posteriorly. Preanal appendages long, broadening from base and constricting subapically, slightly flexible apically; apical 2 / 3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 23 B). Segment X deeply cleft posteromesally, forming two long, apically bifurcate lateral projections; in lateral view, ventral margin concave and posterior projection long and narrow (Fig. 23 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 23 A). Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (23 D). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (24 C). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending only slightly mesally, posteromesally indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 24 B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate; with tiny setae posteriorly (Fig. 24 A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage truncate apically (Fig. 24 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite rounded anteriorly, posterolateral projections short and rounded; posterior sclerite longer than anterior, constricted at anterior margin of sternum IX; dorsal connective membrane distinct (Fig. 24 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCD2814FEB91B3CE0A0FD71.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: MEXICO: Oaxaca: La Esperanza, 18. iv. 1983, Garcia & Ibarra (UMSP 000065234; IBUNAM). Paratype: MEXICO: Oaxaca: La Esperanza, 18. iv. 1983, Garcia & Ibarra — 1 female (IBUNAM). Distribution. Mexico. Etymology. Named for the country of Mexico, where this northernmost representative of the genus Banyallarga was collected.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCC2813FEB91B54E02AFE61.taxon	description	Figs. 25 – 26	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCC2813FEB91B54E02AFE61.taxon	description	Adult. Forewing length 10.6 – 12.1 mm (n = 12). Head golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown. Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 25 B); lateral ridge present; anterior marginal ridge of sternum entire, without posterior extensions. Preanal appendages shorter than tergum X, lanceolate, apical 1 / 3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 25 B). Segment X with rounded dorsal process; posterior margin rounded mesally, with short rounded lateral processes; in lateral view posterior margin obtuse (Fig. 25 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with peglike setae apically. Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 25 D). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 26 C). Tergum IX with mesal ridge running length of segment, posterior indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 26 B); sternum IX with single pair of striate ventral lobes (Fig. 26 A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage posterior margin oblique (Fig. 26 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig. 26 A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 26 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCC2813FEB91B54E02AFE61.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA: Göring — holotype male (BMNH); Aragua: Km. 27, Choroni, 1500 m, 27. v. 1955 — 5 males, 6 females (UMSP). Distribution. Venezuela.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCB2812FEB91A44E054FE61.taxon	description	Figs. 27 – 28 Banyallarga nica is similar to B. echinata in having prominent spinelike setae on tergum X; however, in B. nica these spines are shorter and restricted to the apices of the posterior processes (Fig. 27 A, B). All specimens I examined were preserved in ethanol; consequently, color and wing pattern were not preserved. Adult. Forewing length 10.0 – 10.8 mm (n = 14). Antenna twice forewing length. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 27 B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae fine and numerous (Fig. 27 A). Preanal appendages long, slightly expanded and flexible apically; apical 2 / 3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 27 A, B). Segment X deeply emarginate posteriorly, forming two digitate lateral projections, apices of projections bearing short spinelike setae (Fig. 27 B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 27 C). Phallus with horseshoe­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae proximally and ventrally on endothecal membrane (Fig. 27 D). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 28 C). Tergum IX without mesal ridge, posterior margin indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 28 B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, smoothly sclerotized anteromesally, punctate posterolaterally (Fig. 28 A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 28 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig. 28 A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections acute; posterior sclerite enclosed within a semisclerotized sheath half width of posterior abdomen; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 28 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCB2812FEB91A44E054FE61.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: NICARAGUA: Jinotega: Peñas Blancas, 13 ° 17 ' 00 " N 85 ° 33 ' 00 " W, 1300 m, 25. vii. 1997, Maes & Hernández (UMSP 000063355; UMSP). Paratypes: NICARAGUA: Jinotega: Cerro Kilambé, 13 ° 34 ' 00 " N 85 ° 43 ' 00 " W, 1520 m, 1. viii. 1997, Maes & Hernández — 4 males (UMSP); 1. vii. 1997, Maes & Hernández — 4 males, 1 female (UMSP). Distribution. Nicaragua Etymology. " Nica " is a nickname for Nicaraguans or Nicaragua, the country in which the types were collected.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCA2811FEB91A44E112FE49.taxon	description	Figs. 29 – 30 Banyallarga quincemil is distinguished from B. acutiterga and sylvana by the acute apex of tergum X, which in B. quincemil is without apicoventral projections or dorsolateral lobes (Fig. 29 B). This new species is known only from Peru, while the other two species are Central American. The type specimens are rather badly rubbed, so details of coloration are unavailable. Adult. Forewing length 10.5 – 11.1 mm (n = 10). Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden brown. Forewing chestnut brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae; hind wing of female with short basal brush of pale setae. Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 29 B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae fine and numerous; ventral pleural setae approximately 10. Preanal appendage longer than tergum X, slightly wider at middle, apical 1 / 4 rugose, slightly flexible, covered with long fine setae (Fig. 29 A). Segment X shallowly emarginate posteriorly; with short rounded paired dorsolateral projections (Fig. 29 B); in lateral view apex of tergum roundly tapered. Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 29 C). Phallus with Ushaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 29 D). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 30 C). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge not extending posteromesally, posterior margin indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 30 B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, smoothly sclerotized anteromesally, with tiny punctations posterolaterally. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 30 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short, rounded; posterior sclerite twice length of anterior sclerite, enclosed within a semisclerotized sheath; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 30 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCA2811FEB91A44E112FE49.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: PERU: Cuzco: Quincemil, viii. 1962, Peña G. (UMSP 000065236; CNC). Paratypes: PERU: Cuzco: Quincemil, viii. 1962, Peña G. — 7 females (CNC); 1 male, 1 female (UMSP). Distribution. Peru. Etymology. Named for the type locality in Peru.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC92811FEB91A2CE1DBF91E.taxon	description	Figs. 31 – 32 Banyallarga sanchezi is easily distinguished from all other species in the genus by the highly modified tergum X and the mesoventral process of the inferior appendage (Fig. 31 A). Tergum X has two pairs of long digitate ventrolateral processes. In addition, this is the only species in the genus that bears a long digitate mesal process on the coxopodite. The species is known only from a single male specimen. Adult. Forewing length 11.3 mm (n = 1). Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled gold and golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior margin deeply emarginate; sternum IX strongly angularly projected posteriorly; pleural setae numerous (Fig. 31 B). Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, narrow, apex slightly flexible, covered with long fine setae. Segment X with short spinelike setae along posterior midline; with two pairs of long digitate ventrolateral processes (Fig. 31 B) Inferior appendage with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite, base of coxopodite with long digitate mesal process; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 31 B). Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 31 D). Female. Unknown.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC92811FEB91A2CE1DBF91E.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: COLOMBIA: Huila: Quebrado Juancho, 10 km W Iquira, 13. iii. 1993, Sanchez (UMSP 000002649; NMNH). Distribution. Colombia. Etymology. Named for the collector, Mario Sanchez.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC8282FFEB9196CE175FC01.taxon	description	This species is known from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Across this range, there is subtle variation in the shape of tergum X (Fig. 33 A, B); however, I observed intermediate morphologies between the two extreme variants illustrated here and am confident that all are conspecific. The prominent dorsolateral lobe of tergum X (Fig. 33 A, B) is the diagnostic character of this species, separating it from B. quincemil and acutiterga. Adult. Forewing length 8.8 – 10.5 mm (n = 15). Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden brown; each flagellomere pale basally and with pale strip of sensilla anteriorly. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing uniform chestnut brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae; hind wing of female with short thick basal tuft of setae. Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 33 B); lateral ridge incomplete anteriorly; dorsal pleural setae fine and numerous (Fig. 33 A). Preanal appendage longer than tergum X, slightly expanded apically and flexible, apical half covered with fine setae (Fig. 33 B). Tergum X cleft posteromesally, separating roundly (Fig 33 B 2) or acutely tapered (Fig. 33 B 1) apicoventral projections; with paired rounded dorsolateral lobes (Fig. 33 A, B); in lateral view with posteroventral projection (Fig. 33 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 33 C). Phallus with horseshoe­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 33 D, E). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 34 A). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge not extending mesally, posterior margin not distinct from tergum X (Fig. 34 B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, with fine punctation posteriorly; anterolateral surface invaginated and rugose (Fig. 34 A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage rounded posteriorly (Fig. 34 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig 34 A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid anteriorly; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 34 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC8282FFEB9196CE175FC01.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Reserva Forestal San Ramón, Río San Lorencito & tribs., 10 ° 12 ' 58 " N 84 ° 36 ' 25 " W, 980 m, 1 – 4. v. 1990, Holzenthal & Blahnik (UMSP 000000068; UMSP). Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Alajuela: unnamed river, Cerro Campana ca. 6 km (air) NW Dos Rios, 10 ° 54 ' 00 " N 85 ° 24 ' 00 " W, 640 m, 22 – 23. vii. 1987, Holzenthal, Morse, & Clausen — 1 male (NMNH); Parque Nacional Rincón de la Vieja, Quebrada Provisión, 10 ° 46 ' 08 " N 85 ° 16 ' 52 " W, 810 m, 4. iii. 1986, Holzenthal & Fasth — 1 male (UMSP); Reserva Forestal San Ramón, Río San Lorencito & tribs., 10 ° 12 ' 58 " N 84 ° 36 ' 25 " W, 980 m, 1 – 4. v. 1990, Holzenthal & Blahnik — 2 males, 1 female (UMSP); 2 – 4. vii. 1986, Holzenthal, Heyn, & Armitage — 1 male, 1 female (UMSP); 24 – 27. ii. 1987, Chacón — 1 male (UMSP); 30. iii – 1. iv. 1987, Holzenthal, Hamilton, & Heyn — 1 male, 1 female (INBIO); Guanacaste: Río Los Ahogados, Río Los Ahogados, 11.3 km ENE Quebrada Grande, 10 ° 51 ' 54 " N 85 ° 25 ' 23 " W, 470 m, 26. vi. 1986, Holzenthal, Heyn, & Armitage — 1 female (UMSP); San José: Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, La Ventana, 1330 m, 5. viii. 1990, 1 male (INBIO); NICARAGUA: Jinotega: Peñas Blancas, 13 ° 17 ' 00 " N 85 ° 33 ' 00 " W, 1300 m, 25. vii. 1997, Maes & Hernández — 1 male (UMSP); Zelaya: Cerro Saslaya, 13 ° 44 ' 00 " N 85 ° 01 ' 00 " W, 700 m, 1. iv. 1996, Maes & Hernández — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH). Distribution. Costa Rica, Nicaragua. Etymology. Sylvana, from the Latin Silvanus, meaning " god of woods, " referring to the forests where this species was collected.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFF7282EFEB91C64E0C4FBE1.taxon	description	Figs. 35 – 36 Banyallarga tapanti shares with B. fortuna the broadly rounded apex of tergum X in lateral view (Fig. 35 B). It is distinguished from B. fortuna by the prominent dorsomesal ridge of tergum X (Fig. 35 A). This species is known only from three specimens, so variation is difficult to assess. The single female specimen is indistinguishable from the female of B. sylvana (Fig. 34); the association of the B. tapanti female is tentative. Adult. Forewing length 8.8 – 9.4 mm (n = 3). Head golden. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden; each flagellomere pale basally and with pale strip of sensilla anteromesally. Dorsal pterothorax golden; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing uniform golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae. Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 35 B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15. Preanal appendage slightly longer than tergum X, slightly expanded apically and flexible, apical half covered with long setae. Tergum X cleft posteromesally, separating roundly tapered lateral projections; with high dorsomesal ridge (Fig. 35 B); in lateral view apex rounded (Fig. 35 A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with W­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae ventrolaterally on endothecal membrane (Fig. 35 D, E). Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 36 C). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge not extending mesally, posterior margin not distinct from tergum X (as in Fig. 34 B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, with fine punctation posteriorly; anterolateral surface invaginated and rugose (Fig. 36 A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage rounded posteriorly (as in Fig. 34 B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Anterior sclerite of vaginal apparatus truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid anteriorly; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 36 A).	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFF7282EFEB91C64E0C4FBE1.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype male: COSTA RICA: Cartago: Reserva Tapantí, Quebrada Segunda @ administration building, 09 ° 45 ' 40 " N 83 ° 47 ' 13 " W, 1250 m, 23. viii. 1990, Holzenthal & Huisman (UMSP 000000071; UMSP). Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Cartago: Reserva Tapantí, Quebrada Segunda @ administration building, 09 ° 45 ' 40 " N 83 ° 47 ' 13 " W, 1250 m, 9 – 10. v. 1990, Holzenthal & Blahnik — 1 female (UMSP); 23. viii. 1990, Holzenthal & Huisman — 1 male (UMSP). Distribution. Costa Rica. Etymology. This species is named for the Tapantí Wildlife Reserve in the western Talamanca Mountains of Costa Rica.	en	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
