identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
042B4F2EFFDF2806FEB91BE6E312FD46.text	042B4F2EFFDF2806FEB91BE6E312FD46.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Loxinum Navas	<div><p>Genus Loxinum Navás</p> <p>Loxinum Navás 1934b:175 [Type species: Loxinum aequatorium Navás 1934b, original designation]. — Flint 1983:77 [as synonym of Banyallarga]</p> <p>Navás (1934b) described Loxinum aequatorium from Ecuador —based on a single female specimen, which is now lost—as a calamoceratid. The only illustration in his description is of the forewing; characters of the head, wings, and legs are described in the text. The palps are described as long, with the first segment short; the remaining segments long. The forewing illustrated and described possesses only forks I, II, III, and V. The same forks are present in the hind wing. The tibial spurs are 2, 4, 4. "Short" as a descriptor of the first maxillary palp segment is ambiguous (in calamoceratids the first and second segments are of approximately equal length, and several times longer than wide). All known calamoceratids retain fork IV in the forewing of both sexes. Flint (1983) argued that Navás had omitted to draw or mention in the text fork IV, and synonymized Loxinum with Banyallarga. However, it may be argued that the possession of that character was not necessarily required by Navás's concept of Calamoceratidae — Navás (1931) also described the African genus Silvatares —which Prather &amp; Holzenthal (2002) examined and determined to belong to Pisuliidae —in Calamoceratidae, and neither does it have forewing fork IV.</p> <p>The venation of the wing illustrated appears most similar to that of species in the genus Chimarrhodella (Philopotamidae). I compared Navás' illustration with Blahnik &amp; Holzenthal's (1992) illustration of Chimarrhodella galeata (Martynov) and specimens of C. tapanti Blahnik &amp; Holzenthal 1992 and C. ulmeri (Ross 1956). The wings appear very similar in shape, and the crossveins forming the chord are lined up vertically in Loxinum and Chimarrhodella. There are certain differences: 1) crossvein r is at the bases of forks I and II in C. aequatoria, while it attaches more distally to M 2 in the three Chimarrhodella species examined; 2) crossvein m­cu also is placed more distally in C. aequatoria. Navás wrote that he used Ulmer's (1907) key. He would have had to make two errors in keying his specimen if he was looking at a Chimarrhodella: 1) he would have interpreted the terminal maxillary palp segment as non­annulate (on a pinned specimen this is not always easy to determine); and 2) he would have missed the ocelli (which in Chimarrhodella are small and easily obscured by setae on the head). Navás's description and illustration, such as they are, are consistent with Blahnik &amp; Holzenthal's (1992) diagnosis of Chimarrhodella, and contradictory to the diagnosis of Calamoceratidae. Therefore, I am transferring this species to Chimarrhodella, NEW COMBINATION; as aequatorium is the type species of Loxinum, the latter becomes a junior synonym of Chimarrhodella, NEW SYNONYM.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFDF2806FEB91BE6E312FD46	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDE2805FEB91B3EE147F98C.text	042B4F2EFFDE2805FEB91B3EE147F98C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga Navas	<div><p>Genus Banyallarga Navás</p> <p>Banyallarga Navás 1916:78 [Type species: Banyallarga testacea Navás 1916, original designation]. — Fischer 1963:175 [in Hydropsychidae: Macronematinae]. — Botosaneanu &amp; Flint 1982:24 [larva, as Phylloicus]. — Flint 1983:77 [to Calamoceratidae]. — Flint &amp; Angrisano 1985:688 [larva, pupa, distinguished from Phylloicus]. — Flint et al. 1999a:15 [checklist].</p> <p>The type specimen of B. testacea (the type species of the genus) is lost, and the original description and illustration are too general for species discrimination. Therefore, in order to objectively define the genus, I am designating a neotype for B. testacea. A detailed discussion of B. testacea ís identity and the neotype designation are to be found under the heading for B. vicaria.</p> <p>Generic description, adult. Forewing length 8.4–20.8 mm; female usually slightly larger than male.</p> <p>Forewing color (membrane and setae) variable, overall color ranging from golden brown to dark brown, with, in some species, mottled pattern formed by hairs in various shades of gold and brown. Antennae usually twice wing length or longer (in B. loxana¸ relative antennal length of females is reduced); scape shorter than head length, round. Maxillary palps 5­segmented in both sexes; all segments 3–4 times longer than wide. Labial palps 3­segmented. Head with anterior, anteromesal, posterior and posterolateral setal warts; central setal area bare or with fine setae only, these not aggregated as distinct warts; anteromesal setal warts prominent and single or paired; posteromesal ridge present at posterodorsal margin of head (Fig. 1A). Mesoscutum without distinct setal warts, with stout setae arranged in two anterior­posterior sublateral lines, each line one to several setae wide; in some species additional setae scattered between these lines (Fig. 1B). Anterior margin of mesoscutellum straight; without warts or prominent setae (Fig. 1B). Metathoracic leg of males often with posterior fringe of long setae. Forewing venation typical for family: forks I–V present, discoidal and medial cells closed; R 1 recurrent onto R 2 or free to wing margin; Cu 2 and A 1 free to wing margin (Figs. 2A). Hind wing with forks I, II, III, and V present, discoidal and medial cells open (Figs. 2B); base of hind wing with semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae (Fig. 32B; not present in a few species).</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX much shorter than sternum IX (Fig. 3A); posterior margin of tergum variously modified by short projections or processes. Sternum IX narrower mesally than laterally, internal ridges may be present mesally or sublaterally; patches of pleural setae may be present dorsolaterally or ventrolaterally (Fig. 3A). Preanal appendages of varying length and shape, bearing most setae on apical two­thirds. Tergum X approximately equal in length to inferior appendages, posterior margin of tergum X variously modified with processes and projections. Inferior appendages 2­segmented, not highly modified; coxopodite covered with long setae, particularly on lateral and ventral surfaces; harpago cylindrical or tapered apically, bearing short, pointed, peglike setae on mesal and apicoventral surfaces; some short fine setae may be present basally on harpago; base of inferior appendages occupies 1/2 to 2/3 length of sternum IX. Phallobase a simple curved tube, curvature consistent throughout genus, phallotremal sclerites reduced; dorsal sclerite U­ or Vshaped; ventral sclerite narrow and flat or absent; endotheca may consist of multiple membranous lobes with species­specific arrangement.</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII more darkly sclerotized than anterior segments, anterior margin marked by darkly sclerotized ridge; posterior margin bearing many short stout setae, mesally cleft to anterior ridge; lateral margins indistinct beyond lateral apodemes extending from anterior margin. Tergum IX with anterior margin entire and concave; mesally without clear junction with tergum X. Sternum IX with anterior and posterior pair of striate lobes lateral to vaginal opening. Tergum X bearing paired posterolateral appendages, varying in shape, length and degree of distinctness from tergite; these appendages bearing many long setae apically; posteromesal portion of tergite membranous or semisclerotized. Sternum X mostly membranous except for bases of dorsal appendages; semisclerotized patches and short fine setae may be present lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus consisting of anterior and posterior sclerites; duct leading to spermatheca arises from within sclerotized pocket on ventral surface of anterior sclerite; duct leading to bursa copulatrix arises from anterior margin; posterior sclerite tapered posteriorly, connected to anterior sclerite by dorsal mound of membranous tissue.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFDE2805FEB91B3EE147F98C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDD2804FEB91EFEE13BFBE1.text	042B4F2EFFDD2804FEB91EFEE13BFBE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga Navas	<div><p>Subgenus Banyallarga Navás</p> <p>Figs. 1–15</p> <p>Banyallarga Navás 1916:78 [Type species: Banyallarga testacea Navás 1916, original designation]. — Fischer 1963:175 [in Hydropsychidae: Macronematinae]. — Botosaneanu &amp; Flint 1982:24 [larva, as Phylloicus]. — Flint 1983:77 [to Calamoceratidae]. — Flint &amp; Angrisano 1985:688 [larva, pupa, distinguished from Phylloicus].</p> <p>Species in the subgenus Banyallarga are known only from South America. They are distinguished from species in the new subgenus Histricoverpa by three characters. 1) The anterior margins of the abdominal terga of both sexes are notched mesally (Fig. 3B); 2) the abdominal sterna lack mesoventral processes; and 3) The preanal appendages are shorter than or subequal to tergum X. The male terminalia of all seven species are very similar; the shape of tergum X is the distinguishing feature of each species.</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX with darkly sclerotized anterior ridges, posterior margin indistinct, rounded or notched mesally; lateral ridge (Fig. 3A) usually present; dorsal and ventral pleural setae present; sternum IX with anterior ridge. Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, length 3–4 times width, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X without posterior projections, (sometimes) notched posteromesally (Figs. 3B, 6B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with tiny peglike setae apically. Phallic endotheca with large round, spiculate ventrolateral lobes and single or paired dorsomesal lobes (Figs. 3D, E).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; with setae on posterior surface or restricted to posterior margin. Tergum IX with distinct anterior marginal ridge; sternum IX with striate lateral lobes. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage extends beyond posterior margin of tergum (Figs. 4B, 7B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate or truncate anteriorly. If posterior end of spermatheca sclerotized, not as a sclerotized sphere (Fig. 9A).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFDD2804FEB91EFEE13BFBE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDC2802FEB91CC4E084FE61.text	042B4F2EFFDC2802FEB91CC4E084FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Banyallarga) argentinica Flint	<div><p>Banyallarga (Banyallarga) argentinica Flint</p> <p>Figs. 1–4</p> <p>Banyallarga argentinica Flint 1983:77 [Type locality: Argentina, Pcia. Salta, Cañada la Gotera, Rt. 59, km 23.5; NMNH; male]. — Flint &amp; Angrisano 1985:691 [larva, pupa, biology].</p> <p>Banyallarga argentinica is distinguished from other species in the subgenus by the height of tergum X at its apex (in lateral view it appears truncate) and the ventrolateral flanges (Fig. 3A). In all other species of the subgenus Banyallarga, the apex of tergum X is acute. Adult. Forewing length 10.2–11.3 mm (n=52).</p> <p>Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of golden setae. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, hind tibia of male without posterior fringe. Forewing mottled gold and golden brown, with large patch of gold in distal corner of cell A 3. Hind wings without basal structures.</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX with heavily sclerotized anterior ridges, posterior margin rounded or notched mesally (Fig. 3B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 5; ventral pleural setae approximately 5; sternum IX without posterior extensions of anterior ridge. Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X shallowly notched posteromesally; with posteroventral flange (Fig. 3A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with tiny peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite V­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube; endotheca with large round, spiculate ventrolateral lobes and small, paired dorsomesal lobes.</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; dense fine setae covering posterior 1/3 (Fig. 4C). Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and finely striate, smooth anteromesally. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage without clear suture line; with short digitate posteromesal process (Fig. 4B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates, bearing fine setae, lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections rounded; posterior sclerite triangular (Fig. 4A). Posterior end of spermatheca a tiny sclerotized cone.</p> <p>The association of the female of this species is tentative. In other species of Banyallarga, the males and females appear very similar in color and proportion, the only significant difference being that females are slightly larger. Of the material I examined, only 5 females were collected with males of B. argentinica. Three of these, from Argentina, look rather different from the males, being darker, with a different wing shape, and possibly with the shape of the anterior setal wart (of the head) different. They are badly rubbed, so details of wing setation are not available. The other two females, from Bolivia, are different from the Argentina specimens. Unfortunately, all specimens in this series are badly rubbed, and while these females are more similar to the males in color and shape, they are indistinguishable from females of B. yungensis. The female illustrated here is one of the specimens from Argentina. It is distinct from females of other Banyallarga species, but examination of additional positively associated specimens would increase my confidence that this is indeed the female of B. argentinica.</p> <p>Material examined. ARGENTINA: Catamarca: Ao. El Pintado, near La Viña, 18.x.1973, Flint — 3 male paratypes (NMNH); El Rodeo, 18–19.x.1973, Flint — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Formosa: 6.vi— 1 male (MCZ); Jujuy: 29.ii.1920 — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Yala, viii.1982, Angrisano — 1 female (NMNH); Salta: Cañada La Gotera, Rt. 59 km 23.5, 16–17.x.1973, Flint — holotype male (MHNJP); 1 male, 1 female paratypes (UMSP); Payogasta, 13.x.1973, Flint — 2 male paratypes (NMNH); Rt. 59. Km. 22.5 Pena Baya, 16–17.x.1973, Flint — 5 male paratypes (NMNH); Salta, 17–18.v.1969, P &amp; P Spangler — 4 male, 1 female paratypes (NMNH); 1 male paratype (UMSP); 1898–1904, Steinbach — 2 males, 2 females (ZMHU); Tucuman: Dept. Tafi Viejo, Quebrada Cainzo, 18– 19.xii.1950, Golbach — 1 male (NMNH); Siambon, 10.x.1973, Flint — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Parque Aconquija, 6.iv.1929, Jaynes — 1 male paratype (NMNH); BOLIVIA: El Palmar to Cristal Mayo (? label illegible), 1500 m, 10.xii.1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); Cochabamba: Siberia, 2900 m, 18.ii.1976, Peña G. — 20 males, 2 females (NMNH); 2 males (UMSP); PERU: Cuzco: 13°08'00"S 71°33'00"W, 2150 m, 28– 29.viii.1989, Adams — 6 females (NMNH).</p> <p>Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Peru.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFDC2802FEB91CC4E084FE61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFDA2802FEB91A44E031F926.text	042B4F2EFFDA2802FEB91A44E031F926.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Banyallarga) columbiana (Navas)	<div><p>Banyallarga (Banyallarga) columbiana (Navás)</p> <p>Fig. 5</p> <p>Anisocentropus columbianus Navás 1934a:174 [Type locality: Colombia, Santander, Pamplona; MNHNP; original description implies female, but type is male].</p> <p>Banyallarga columbiana — Flint 1983:77.</p> <p>This species is known only from the type specimen, which is in rather poor condition, lacking a head, most of its legs, one hind wing, and all the wing hairs. The phallic endotheca is not everted, so that portion is not described. Banyallarga columbiana is distinguished from other species in the subgenus Banyallarga by the shape of tergum X, which is broad and truncate apically in dorsal view, and has a sharp dorsomesal ridge (Fig. 5A, B). Tergum X is also broad in B. penai, but it is shallowly emarginate apically.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 10.9 mm (n=1).</p> <p>Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown. Tibial spurs 2:4:3 [according to Navás's description; hind leg of specimen missing]. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae (as in Fig. 32B).</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX with darkly sclerotized anterior ridge, posterior margin concave; lateral ridge present; sternum IX with posterior sublateral ridges. Preanal appendage subequal to tergum X, rounded apically, with short setae on apical half (Fig 5B). Tergum X truncate apically, with a sharp dorsolateral ridge (Fig. 5B); in lateral view posterior margin oblique (Fig. 5A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite U­shaped.</p> <p>Female. Unknown</p> <p>Material examined. COLOMBIA: Santander: Pamplona, 2300 m, 1920, Rochereau — holotype male (MNHNP).</p> <p>Distribution. Colombia.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFDA2802FEB91A44E031F926	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFD92800FEB9196CE117FD71.text	042B4F2EFFD92800FEB9196CE117FD71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Banyallarga) loxana (Navas)	<div><p>Banyallarga (Banyallarga) loxana (Navás)</p> <p>Figs. 6, 7</p> <p>Phylloicus loxanus Navás 1934a:173 [Type locality: Ecuador, Loja; MNHNP; original description implies male, but type is female].</p> <p>Banyallarga loxana (Navás) — Flint 1983:77; 1996b:424 [distribution].</p> <p>This is the largest known species of Banyallarga, and size alone is sufficient to distinguish this from other species in the genus. The shape of male tergum X is diagnostic for B. loxana, with its narrow, notched apex (Fig. 6A, B).</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 15.8–20.8 mm (n=34).</p> <p>Head chestnut brown. Maxillary palps golden brown, covered with dark setae. Antenna of male twice forewing length, female antenna only slightly longer than wing; flagellum chestnut brown posteromesally, pale anterolaterally. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, tibiae covered with dark setae, each tarsomere dark basally and pale distally. Forewing mottled gold and golden brown, with large round patches of pale setae marking nygma and thyridium; large patch of pale setae at posteromesal margin. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae (as in Fig. 32B).</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX with heavily sclerotized anterior ridge, posterior margin rounded or irregular (Fig. 6B); lateral ridge incomplete dorsally; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15; ventral pleural setae approximately 3; sternum IX with paired sublateral ridges extending from anterior margin, not reaching posterior margin (Fig. 6C). Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X tapered and shallowly notched posteromesally; in lateral view with shallowly humped dorsal ridge (Fig. 6A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basoventrally, peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube.</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; dense fine setae covering posterior 1/4; posterior margin marked by single row of short stout setae (Fig. 7C). Tergum IX without mesal ridge; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and finely striate. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, with sclerotized bands sublaterally, appendage without clear suture line; with short digitate posteromesal process (Fig. 7B); sternum X with patches of fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections truncate; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 7A).</p> <p>Material examined. ARGENTINA: Tucuman: Siambon, ii.1933 — 1 female (NMNH); BOLIVIA: Cochabamba: Yungas de Corani, 2800 m, 11.xii.1984, Peña G. — 1 female (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); La Paz: Río Zongo, 1900 m, 24–31.x.1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); Tarata, Río Zongo, 3200 m, 24–30.x.1984, Peña G. — 6 females (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); ECUADOR: Azuay: Cajas, 3150 m, 23.xii.1992, Becker — 1 male, 3 females (NMNH); Río Llaviuco, 16 km W Quenca, 3010 m, 18.ix.1990, Flint — 1 male, 3 females (NMNH); Loja: 1909, Poujade — holotype female (MNHNP); Zamora­ Chinchipe: 30 km E Loja, 2000 m, 23.ix.1990, Flint — 1 female (NMNH); PERU: Cuzco: 13°08'00"S 71°33'00"W, 2150 m, 28–29.viii.1989, Adams — 1 male, 3 females (NMNH); Buenos Aires, 53 km W Pilcopata, 2280 m, 3–5.xii.1979, Heppner — 1 female (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd. small streams past Morro Leguia, 2000 m, 21.vi.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 1 female (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., small stream ca. 0.5 km from Puente Morro Leguia, 2220 m, 20.vi.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 3 females (NMNH); 2 females (UMSP).</p> <p>Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFD92800FEB9196CE117FD71	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFD8281FFEB91B54E667FC89.text	042B4F2EFFD8281FFEB91B54E667FC89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Banyallarga) penai Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Banyallarga) penai, new species</p> <p>Figs. 8, 9</p> <p>Banyallarga penai is similar to B. columbiana in the broad apex of tergum X, which in B. penai is shallowly notched. Banyallarga penai is distinguished from B. columbiana and other species in the subgenus Banyallarga by the paired basolateral lobes of tergum X (Fig. 8B).</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 11.9–12.9 mm (n=10).</p> <p>Head chestnut brown. Maxillary palps chestnut brown. Antenna twice forewing length, dark brown laterally, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on mesal surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown. Forewing mottled gold and dark brown, with large round patches of golden setae marking nygma and thyridium. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX with heavily sclerotized anterior ridge, mesal surface semimembranous and covered with dense fine pilosity; lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15; ventral pleural setae approximately 5; sternum IX with paired sublateral ridges extending from anterior margin to posterior margin (Fig. 8C). Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, rounded apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X with paired rounded basolateral lobes; tapered and shallowly notched posteromesally (Fig. 8B); in lateral view tapered apically (Fig. 8A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basoventrally, peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube; endotheca with large round, spiculate lateral lobes and single large dorsomesal lobe (Fig. 8D, E).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; dense fine setae covering posterior 1/2. Tergum IX without mesal ridge; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and finely striate; anterior lobe smooth anteromesally, posterior lobe with fine punctations posterolaterally. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage roundly tapered posteromesally (Fig. 9B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections tapered; posterior sclerite narrowing toward vaginal opening, posterior end of spermatheca a robust sclerotized ring (Fig. 9A).</p> <p>Holotype male: BOLIVIA: La Paz: Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19–25.xi.1984, Peña G. (UMSP000010005; NMNH).</p> <p>Paratypes: BOLIVIA: La Paz: Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19–25.xi.1984, Peña G. — 3 males, 2 females, 2 adults (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); ECUADOR: Loja: Loja, 2750 m, 21.xii.1992, Becker — 1 female (NMNH).</p> <p>Distribution. Bolivia, Ecuador.</p> <p>Etymology. Named in honor of the late L. E. Peña, who through his collecting efforts added greatly to our knowledge of the Neotropical caddisfly fauna.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFD8281FFEB91B54E667FC89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC7281DFEB91BECE145FB11.text	042B4F2EFFC7281DFEB91BECE145FB11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Banyallarga) vicaria (Walker)	<div><p>Banyallarga (Banyallarga) vicaria (Walker)</p> <p>Figs. 10, 11</p> <p>Hydropsyche vicaria Walker 1852:114 [Type locality: Venezuela; BMNH; female].</p> <p>Ganonema vicaraium — McLachlan 1871:127 [male]. — Betten &amp; Mosely 1940:218 [redescription of type].</p> <p>Banyallarga vicaria — Flint 1983:77.</p> <p>Banyallarga testacea Navás 1916:78 [Original type locality: Colombia, Muzo; collection Appolinaris, now lost?; male]. NEW SYNONYM.</p> <p>NEOTYPE: VENEZUELA: Mérida: Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, Mucuy Fish Hatchery, 7 km E Tabay, Queb. La Mucuy, 2012 m, 18.i.1994, Holzenthal Cressa &amp; Rinc —n, male (UMSP000000021; UMSP).</p> <p>Walker (1852) described Hydropsyche vicaria (Hydropsychidae) from a female specimen. McLachlan (1871) described a male specimen from Venezuela, identifying the species as that described by Walker and recognizing H. vicaria as belonging to the calamoceratid genus Ganonema. Navás (1916) described two Colombian species, testacea and crenata, in a new genus, Banyallarga, and designated testacea as the type species of the genus. In a review of Neotropical calamoceratids, Flint (1983) recognized Walkerís species as belonging to the same generic unit as B. testacea, while from the wing venation illustrated, he placed B. crenata as a species of Phylloicus. The types of both Navás species were in the collection Appolinaris, and now are presumed lost (Flint et al. 1999a). No other material identified as B. testacea is known. Therefore, B. testacea is known only from Navás's illustrations of the wings and a lateral view of the male terminalia. The latter illustration is highly generalized, and could pertain to a number of species, of which two, B. columbiana and B. vicaria, are found in the mountain range containing the original type locality of B. testacea,. Because of this potential confusion, I am designating a neotype (ICZN 1999, Article 75) for B. testacea, to define the species objectively. Banyallarga vicaria is the better known of the two species and therefore more appropriate for fixing the identity of B. testacea (B. columbiana being known only from the holotype, which is in poor condition), According to Article 67.1.2, (ICZN 1999), B. testacea, as a junior synonym, remains the type species of Banyallarga.</p> <p>Banyallarga vicaria can be separated from B. columbiana by the lack of a sharp mesal ridge on the dorsal surface of male tergum X, the shallow notch of the apical margin, and the more pronounced apical tapering. From the similar B. villosa, it can be separated by the shallow, as opposed to deep, mesal notch on the apex of tergum X.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 9.9–11.9 (n=97).</p> <p>Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of dark and golden setae. Maxillary palps chestnut brown. Antenna twice forewing length, dark brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown, golden brown mesally; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, hind tibia of male without posterior fringe. Forewing mottled dark brown and gold, nygma, thyridium, and anal cell marked in gold. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae, female with thick basoposterior brush of golden setae.</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX posterior margin rounded (Fig. 10B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15; sternum IX with heavy anterior ridge. Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X tapered in dorsal and lateral views, shallowly notched posteromesally (Fig. 10B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae dorsally and tiny peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube; endotheca with large round, spiculate lateral lobes and long digitate dorsomesal lobes (Fig. 10D, E).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; posterior margin marked by single row of stout setae. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally length of segment; sternum IX with single pair of lobes darkly sclerotized and striate; anterolateral surface concave, surface rugose. Tergum X semisclerotized posteromesally, appendage without clear suture line; roundly tapered posteromesally (Fig. 11B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections rounded; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 11A).</p> <p>BOLIVIA: La Paz: Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19–25.xi.1984, Peña G. — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); VENEZUELA: B. vicaria holotype female (BMNH); Barinas: La Chimenea, 5 km Sur La Soledad, 1500 m, 28–29.v.1975, Dietz — 1 female (NMNH); San Isidro, 24.ix.1975, Dietz — 4 males (NMNH); 25.ix.1925, Dietz — 1 male (NMNH); San Isidro, 14 km Sur La Soledad, 1500 m, 30–31.v.1975, Dietz — 1 male (NMNH); Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.84861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.464444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.84861/lat 8.464444)">Queb. San Juan in Sta. Rosa</a>, 08°27'52"N 70°50'55"W, 1000 m, 21.iii.1997, Holzenthal — 3 males (UMSP); Lara: Yacambú, 1200 m, 13.v.1981, Townes — 11 males, 14 females (NMNH); Parque Nacional Dinira, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.02917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.771944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.02917/lat 9.771944)">Quebrada Las Pinetas</a>, 09°46'19"N 70°01'45"W, 1889 m, 22.vi.2001, Holzenthal, Blahnik, Paprocki, &amp; Cressa — 2 males, 1 female (IZAM); 3 males, 7 females (UMSP); Parque Nacional Yacambú, 6– 8.iv.1981, Menke &amp; Hollenberg — 2 males (NMNH); 13 km SE Sanare, 1560 m, 1– 5.viii.1981, Heppner — 5 males, 6 females (NMNH); 28–31.viii.1981, Heppner — 6 males (NMNH); 10 males, 10 females (UMSP); 6–11.viii.1981, Heppner — 12 males, 15 females (NMNH); El Blanquito, 1350 m, 1–3.viii.1976, Rosales &amp; Joly — 2 males, 4 females (NMNH); Mérida: Río Albarregas, ca. 1 km NW Univ. de los <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.15806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.633889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.15806/lat 8.633889)">Andes</a>, 08°38'02"N 71°09'29"W, 1980 m, 17.i.1994, Holzenthal, Cressa, &amp; Rincón — 1 male, 1 female (IZAM); 1 female (UMSP); 24.iv.1995, Holzenthal, Gutic, &amp; Segnini — 1 female (UMSP); Río La Gonzalez, road between <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.299446&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.584722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.299446/lat 8.584722)">Merida</a> &amp; Jaji, 08°35'05"N 71°17'58"W, 1870 m, 25.iv.1995, Holzenthal, Cressa, &amp; Gutic — 8 females (UMSP); Río Montalban, Rt. 4 19 km W Merida, 20.ii.1976, C &amp; O Flint — 3 females (NMNH); Tabay, 2200 m, 1.v.1981, Townes — 1 male (NMNH); 30.iv.1981, Townes — 1 female (NMNH); Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada, Mucuy Fish Hatchery, 7 km E Tabay, Queb. La Mucuy, 2012 m, 18.i.1994, Holzenthal, Cressa, &amp; Rincón — 2 males (NMNH); 4 males, 9 females, B. testacea neotype male (UMSP); 26.iv.1995, Holzenthal, Gutic, &amp; Segnini — 4 males, 3 females (UMSP); Trujillo: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-70.21833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.273889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -70.21833/lat 9.273889)">Quebrada Potrerito</a>, 7.5 km NE Bocono, 09°16'26"N 70°13'06"W, 1530 m, 29– 30.iv.1995, Holzenthal, Cressa, &amp; Gutic — 9 females (UMSP).</p> <p>Distribution. Bolivia, Colombia, Venezuela.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC7281DFEB91BECE145FB11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC5281CFEB91C8EE042FBE1.text	042B4F2EFFC5281CFEB91C8EE042FBE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Banyallarga) villosa (Navas)	<div><p>Banyallarga (Banyallarga) villosa (Navás)</p> <p>Figs. 12, 13</p> <p>Anisocentropus villosa Navás 1934a:174 [Type locality: Ecuador, Loja; MNHNP; original description implies male, but type is female].</p> <p>Banyallarga villosa — Flint 1983:77.</p> <p>This species is known from just a handful of specimens, all badly rubbed, so the wing pattern is unknown. The association of the males is circumstantial, and based on a single series of males and females collected together. The male of Banyallarga villosa can be separated from B. vicaria and other species in the subgenus Banyallarga by the deep mesal notch of male tergum X (Fig. 12B).</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 9.4–11.7 mm (n=8).</p> <p>Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of golden setae. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna chestnut brown. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, hind tibia of male without posterior fringe. Forewing chestnut and golden brown. Hind wings without basal structures.</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX with faint anterior ridge, extending mesally to posterior margin (Fig. 12B); lateral ridge incomplete dorsally; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15, long; sternum IX with heavy anterior ridge and paired sublateral posterior ridges. Preanal appendage subequal to tergum X, sharply tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X in dorsal view with deep posteromesal notch, apically tapered in lateral view (Fig. 12A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube (Fig. 12D, E).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; with fine setae on posterior margin. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally 1/2 length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes striate; smoothly sclerotized anteromesally and posterolaterally. Tergum X semimembranous, with sclerotized bands sublaterally, appendage with short digitate posteromesal process (Fig. 13B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections rounded; posterior sclerite triangular (Fig. 13A).</p> <p>ECUADOR: Loja: 1909, Poujade — holotype female (MNHNP); Loja, Staudinger — 2 males, 1 female (ZMHU); 2750 m, 23–25.iii.1965, Peña G.— 3 males (NMNH); Loja, San Lucas, 2500 m, 24.x.1977, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH).</p> <p>Distribution. Ecuador.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC5281CFEB91C8EE042FBE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC4281AFEB91CC4E1FFFC39.text	042B4F2EFFC4281AFEB91CC4E1FFFC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Banyallarga) yungensis Flint	<div><p>Banyallarga (Banyallarga) yungensis Flint</p> <p>Figs. 14, 15</p> <p>Banyallarga yungensis Flint 1983:79 [Type locality: Argentina, Pcia. Tucumán, Horco Molle, near Tucumán; NMNH; male].</p> <p>Ganonema vicarium — Martynov 1912:7 [description of male misidentified as Ganonema vicarium].</p> <p>A number of species in the subgenus Banyallarga have the apex of tergum X acute. The male of B. yungensis can be separated from those species by the high dorsal ridge of tergum X (Fig. 14A).</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 9.7–12.4 mm (n=64).</p> <p>Head chestnut brown, with dorsomesal crest of golden setae. Maxillary palps dark brown. Antenna twice forewing length, dark brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, tibiae covered with dark setae, each tarsomere dark basally and pale distally. Forewing mottled dark brown and gold, nygma marked by golden spot, proximal half of wing posterior mostly bright gold; thyridial cell filled with dark brown setae. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Tergum IX with faint anterior ridge, posterior margin indistinct (Fig. 14B); lateral ridge absent; dorsal pleural setae numerous, short; sternum IX with heavy anterior ridge. Preanal appendage subequal to tergum X, roundly tapered apically, with long setae on apical half. Tergum X in dorsal view tapered, with shallow rounded posteromesal notch, in lateral view with high dorsal ridge and tapered apically (Fig. 14A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite horseshoe­shaped, ventral sclerite a short tube, with large spiculate ventrolateral lobes and small rounded paired dorsomesal lobes (Fig. 14D, E).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering surface of sternite. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes striate; smoothly sclerotized anteromesally and posterolaterally. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered posteromesally (Fig. 15B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 15A).</p> <p>ARGENTINA: Salta: 72: Rosario del al Frontera, Los Banos, 11.iv.1979 — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); 73: W. of Grl. Güemes, Parq. Nat. El Ray, 10.iv.1979 — 2 males, 2 females (NMNH); Tucuman: Dept. Tafi Viejo, Quebrada Cainzo, 18–19.xii.1950, Golbach — 3 males (NMNH); Horco Molle, near Tucumán, 15–19.i.1966, Stange — 2 females (NMNH); 19.i.1966, Stange — holotype male, 1 male paratype (NMNH); 3–10.iv.1966, Stange — 6 male, 7 female paratypes (NMNH); 7–13.iii.1966, Stange — 15 male, 8 female paratypes (NMNH); BOLIVIA: Chuquisaca: Incahuasi, E Muyupampa, 1600 m, 23.xii.1984, Peña G.— 2 males (NMNH); Cochabamba: Siberia, 2900 m, 18.ii.1976, Peña G.— 1 female (NMNH); La Paz: Quebradas del Río Zongo, 1400 m, 24–30.x.1984, Peña G.— 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); 1 male, 1 female (UMSP); Río Zongo, 1900 m, 24– 31.x.1984, Peña G.— 1 male (NMNH); Sorata, 2800 m, 11–15.xi.1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); Unduavi / Coroico, 2500 m, 19–25.xi.1984, Peña G. — 1 male (NMNH); 1 male (UMSP); Zongo, Staudinger — 1 male (ZMHU); PERU: Cuzco: 13°08'00"S 71°33'00"W, 2150 m, 28–29.viii.1989, Adams — 8 males (NMNH); Callanga, Staudinger &amp; Bang­ Haas — 1 male, 2 females (DEI); Machu Picchu, 2450 m, 16–18.x.1981, Davis — 1 male paratype (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.72278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.123889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.72278/lat -13.123889)">Puente</a> Morro Leguia, 13°07'26"S 71°43'22"W, 2200 m, 20–21.vi.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 1 female (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.49944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.026111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.49944/lat -13.026111)">Quebrada Quitacalz</a> —n at <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.49944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.026111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.49944/lat -13.026111)">Puente</a> Quitacalzón, 13°01'34"S 71°29'58"W, 1050 m, 25–27.vi.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 2 males (NMNH); 2 males (UMSP); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.54639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.54639/lat -13.055)">Río San Pedro</a> @ <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.54639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.54639/lat -13.055)">Puente San Pedro</a>, 13°03'18"S 71°32'47"W, 1445 m, 24.vi.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 1 female (NMNH); 1 female (UMSP); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., river at <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.566666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.070278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.566666/lat -13.070278)">Puente</a> Unión, 13°04'13"S 71°34'00"W, 1670 m, 21–23.vi.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 4 males (NMNH); Quincemil, xi.1962, Peña G. — 1 male (CNC); Santa Isabel, Cosnipata Valley, 22.xii.1951, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); 26.xii.1951, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); 30.xi.1951, Woytkowski — 2 males (NMNH); 6.xii.1951, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); Paucartambo, Callanga, Callanga River Valley, 1300 m, 21.ii.1953, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); 25.ii.1953, Woytkowski — 1 male (NMNH); Paucartambo to Pilcopata rd., streamlet 50 m E Quinta Calzon, 1050 m, 26.vi.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 1 male (NMNH); <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.433334/lat -13.15)">Pte. San Pedro</a>, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata km 152, 13°09'00"S 71°26'00"W, 1430 m, 2–3.ix.1988, Flint &amp; Adams — 2 males (NMNH); 30–31.viii.1989, Adams — 2 males (NMNH); stream <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.433334/lat -13.15)">3 km E Puente San Pedro</a>, 13°09'00"S 71°26'00"W, 1430 m, 31.viii.1989, Adams — 5 males (NMNH); <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.36667/lat -13.15)">Quinta Calzon</a> ca. 30 km NW Pilcopata, km 164, 13°09'00"S 71°22'00"W, 1030 m, 1–2.ix.1989, Adams — 1 male (NMNH); streamlet, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.36667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.36667/lat -13.15)">50 km E Quinta Calzon</a>, 13°09'00"S 71°22'00"W, 1030 m, 2.ix.1989, Adams — 1 male (NMNH); VENEZUELA: Lara: Yacambú, 1200 m, 10.v.1981, Townes — 3 males, 3 females (NMNH).</p> <p>Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC4281AFEB91CC4E1FFFC39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC22819FEB91B9CE16FFAA9.text	042B4F2EFFC22819FEB91B9CE16FFAA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Histricoverpa, new subgenus</p> <p>Figs. 16–36</p> <p>Type species: Ganonema molliculum McLachlan 1871.</p> <p>This subgenus includes two species originally described in Murielia Hogue and Denning 1983 (in Denning et al. 1983). The genus was largely established to accommodate these two species, (described in the same paper), but the authors chose to select Phylloicus farri Flint (1968) as the type species for their new genus, based on what they believed to be synapomorphies. However, Flint et al. (1999b) recognized that the type species of Murielia is a true species of Phylloicus and therefore synonymized Murielia with Phylloicus. He transferred the two new species of Murielia described in Denning et al (1983) to Banyallarga. However, the new species described in Murielia, Banyallarga acutiterga and B. fortuna, along with a Venezuelan species, B. mollicula, and several new species from Central America and northwestern South America do form a distinct clade within Banyallarga (Fig. 37), whose distinctiveness was first recognized by Hogue and Denning. This clade is here described as a new subgenus of Banyallarga.</p> <p>Histricoverpa is distinguished from its sister subgenus by several characters. A pointed mesal process is present on the anterior margin of sternum VII (Fig. 16), in some species also on sternum VI. The abdominal terga lack anteromesal notches. In males of several species (B. acutiterga, echinata, fortuna, nica, quincemil, and sylvana; the single male specimens of mexicana and sanchezi have lost segment IV) the lateral margin of sternum IV is deeply excavated (Fig. 16); possibly this is related to the function of an abdominal glandular structure. In B. acutiterga ¸ echinata, fortuna, nica, quincemil, sylvana, and tapanti, the posterolateral margin of segment IX is broadly produced as a rounded lobe (Fig. 17A). Generally, the preanal appendages are much longer than tergum X, except in B. mollicula, and are somewhat flexible distally. The name refers to the thornlike setae on the phallic endothecal membrane (Figs. 17D, 21D), which are unique to the species in this subgenus. The endotheca was fully everted in only a few specimens, so I am unable to assess whether the arrangement of the thornlike setae is species­specific. In the female, the posterior end of the spermatheca is sclerotized as a sphere, with a posterior invagination where the spermathecal duct enters (Fig. 20A).</p> <p>Male. In some species, sternum IV lateral margin deeply excavated (Fig. 16). Tergum IX very short mesally; anterolateral margin of segment IX with broad rounded anterior process (Fig. 17A). Preanal appendages usually much longer than tergum X, narrow, several times longer than wide. Phallic endotheca bearing numerous thornlike setae or spines (Figs. 17D, 21D).</p> <p>Female. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge entire, mesal ridge sometimes present. Sternum IX with anterior and posterior pair of striate lobes lateral to vaginal opening. Tergum X bearing paired posterolateral appendages, varying in shape, not extending 1/2 length beyond posterior margin of tergum; posteromesal portion of tergite membranous or semisclerotized. Sternum X mostly membranous except for bases of dorsal appendages; semisclerotized patches and short fine setae may be present lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus complex (Figs. 18A, 20A); posterior end of spermatheca sclerotized as a sphere, with posterior invagination where spermathecal duct enters (Figs. 20A, 22A).</p> <p>Etymology. From histricis, Latin, meaning "porcupine", and verpa, Latin, meaning "penis," for the phallus of these species, the endotheca of which is covered with thornlike setae that resemble the quills of a porcupine.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC22819FEB91B9CE16FFAA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC12818FEB91D0CE025F9E9.text	042B4F2EFFC12818FEB91D0CE025F9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) acutiterga (Denning and Hogue)	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) acutiterga (Denning and Hogue)</p> <p>Figs. 16–18</p> <p>Murieila acutiterga Denning and Hogue, in Denning et al. 1983:188 [Type locality: Costa Rica, San José Province, Motel Prado, San Isidro del General; LACM; male;].</p> <p>Banyallarga acutiterga — Flint et al. 1999b:73.</p> <p>Banyallarga acutiterga, as its name implies, is distinguished by the long, acute apicoventral projection of tergum X. In overall genitalic morphology, it is similar to B. quincemil and sylvana, but these species lack the long acute projection.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 9.8–10.5 mm (n=22).</p> <p>Head chestnut brown. Maxillary palps chestnut brown. Antenna twice forewing length, chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax chestnut brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora chestnut brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled chestnut and golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process (Fig. 16). Tergum IX with darkly sclerotized anterior ridge, posterior margin indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 17B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae numerous, long. Preanal appendage much longer than tergum X, narrow, slightly expanded and flexible apically, with long setae on apical 2/3. Tergum X with long acute apicoventral projections (Figs. 17A, B); cleft posteromesally (Fig. 17B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago rounded apically, of uniform circumference, with short fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with phallotremal sclerite U­shaped (17E), thornlike setae on endothecal membrane.</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII narrow anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior 1/4 of sternite. Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending posteriorly 1/2 length of segment; sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes striate. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage short, smoothly rounded posteriorly (Fig. 18B); sternum X with fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior and posterior sclerites equal in length; anterior sclerite rounded anteriorly, posterolateral projections truncate; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 18A).</p> <p>COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: 13 mi. E of Esparta, 853 m 25.vii.1967 — 2 males (NMNH); 2.8 mi E of Golfito, 3–4.vii.1967, Flint &amp; Ortiz — 9 males (NMNH); <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.846115&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.951111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.846115/lat 8.951111)">Río Bellavista</a>, ca. 1.5 km NW Las Alturas, 08°57'04"N 82°50'46"W, 1400 m, 10–11.viii.1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, &amp; Muñoz — 2 males (UMSP); 16–17.iii.1991, Holzenthal, Muñoz, &amp; Huisman — 1 male (UMSP); 8–9.iv.1987, Holzenthal, Hamilton, &amp; Heyn — 1 female (INBIO); 1 male (UMSP); Río Cotón, in <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.82611&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.938056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.82611/lat 8.938056)">Las Alturas</a>, 08°56'17"N 82°49'34"W, 1360 m, 13–14.viii.1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, &amp; Muñoz — 1 male (INBIO); <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.97&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.790001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.97/lat 8.790001)">Río Jaba</a>, rock quarry, 1.4 km (air) W Las Cruces, 08°47'24"N 82°58'12"W, 1150 m, 9.viii.1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, &amp; Muñoz — 3 males, 3 females (UMSP); Jardín Botanico R &amp; C Wilson, unnamed trib., <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.96&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.8" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.96/lat 8.8)">Sendro del Agua</a>, 08°48'00"N 82°57'36"W, 1180 m, 8.viii.1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, &amp; Muñoz — 2 males, 2 females (UMSP); San José: Motel Prado, San Isidro del General, 10.vi.1967, Hogue — holotype male, 1 male paratype (LACM).</p> <p>Distribution. Costa Rica.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC12818FEB91D0CE025F9E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC02816FEB91ECCE16EFD91.text	042B4F2EFFC02816FEB91ECCE16EFD91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) echinata Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) echinata, new species</p> <p>Figs. 19–20</p> <p>Banyallarga "n. sp. 1" Flint 1996b:424 As its name implies, B. echinata is distinguished easily from other known species by the presence of paired rows of prominent spinelike setae on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of tergum X (Fig. 18B). Banyallarga nica is the only other species in Histricoverpa with spinelike setae on tergum X, but these are shorter, not arranged in rows, and located on the apices of long lateral lobes.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 9.3–11.0 mm (n=11).</p> <p>Head golden brown, with dorsomesal crest of dark brown setae. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden brown. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled chestnut and gold. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sterna VI and VII with pointed anteromesal processes. Tergum IX with short truncate posterior projection; dorsal pleural setae numerous; sternum IX with paired mesal ridges extending from anterior to posterior margin. Preanal appendages long, slightly flexible apically; apical 2/3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 19B). Segment X deeply emarginate posteriorly, forming two acute lateral projections; mesal and lateral margins bearing spinelike setae (Fig. 19B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 19C). Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 19D).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 20C). Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending only slightly from anterior margin, posterior margin marked by rounded lobes bearing fine pilosity (Fig. 20B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate (Fig. 20A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 20B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections acute, posterior portion folded beneath ventral surface; posterior sclerite enclosed within a semisclerotized sheath more than half width of posterior abdomen; dorsal connective membrane with regular, dense pleating (Fig. 20A).</p> <p>Holotype male: PERU: Madre de Dios: Manu Biosphere Res., Pakitza Bio. Sta., 01­ 13­19­99, 11°56'00"S 71°18'00"W, 350 m, 1.x.1987, Pogue (BIOLAT/TRIC000000105; NMNH).</p> <p>Paratypes: PERU: Cuzco: Cosnipata Valley, 12.iii.1952, Woytkowski — 2 males (INHS); 24.ii.1952, Woytkowski — 1 male (INHS); Madre de Dios: Manu Biosphere Res., <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-11.933333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.3/lat -11.933333)">Pakitza Bio. Sta.</a>, 01­13­01­99, 11°56'00"S 71°18'00"W, 350 m, 27.ix.1987, Pogue — 1 male (NMNH); 01­13­19­99, 11°56'00"S 71°18'00"W, 350 m, 1.x.1987, Pogue — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH); kitchen stream, 11°56'00"S 71°18'00"W, 250 m, 12–18.ix.1989, Adams — 1 male (NMNH); trail 2, marker 18, 11°56'00"S 71°18'00"W, 250 m, 12– 23.ix.1989, Adams et al.— 1 male (NMNH); <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.28306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-11.944167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.28306/lat -11.944167)">Quebrada Paujil­Picoflor</a>, trail 1, marker 13, 11°56'39"S 71°16'59"W, 350 m, 4–6.vii.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 1 female (MHNJP); <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.28306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-11.944167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.28306/lat -11.944167)">Quebrada Trompetero</a>, trail 2, marker 15, 11°56'39"S 71°16'59"W, 350 m, 3.vii.1993, Blahnik &amp; Pescador — 1 male (UMSP).</p> <p>Distribution. Peru</p> <p>Etymology. Echinata, from the Latin echinatus, meaning "prickly," referring to the prominent spinelike setae of male tergum X.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC02816FEB91ECCE16EFD91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCE2815FEB91AF4E0B9FD59.text	042B4F2EFFCE2815FEB91AF4E0B9FD59.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) fortuna (Resh)	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) fortuna (Resh)</p> <p>Figs. 21–22</p> <p>Undescribed genus, undescribed species "A" McElravy et al. 1981:153 — Denning et al. 1983:190.</p> <p>Murielia fortuna Resh, in Denning et al. 1983:190 [Type locality: Panama, Rio Chiriqui at Fortuna; UCB; male;].</p> <p>Banyallarga fortuna — Flint et al. 1999b:73.</p> <p>Banyallarga fortuna and B. tapanti are the only species of Histricoverpa that have the apex of tergum X rounded in lateral view (Figs. 21A, 35A). Banyallarga fortuna is distinguished from B. tapanti by the absence (Fig 21A, B) of the dorsomesal ridge present on the tergum X of B. tapanti (Fig. 35A, B).</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 8.4–9.9 mm (n=6).</p> <p>Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally and with narrow patch of pale sensilla on anterior surface. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled chestnut and golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sterna VI and VII with pointed anteromesal processes. Tergum IX with distinct anterior marginal ridge; dorsal pleural setae numerous. Preanal appendages much longer than tergum X, slightly flexible apically; apical 2/3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 21A). Segment X shallowly emarginate posteriorly (Fig. 21B), forming two short rounded lateral projections; in lateral view posterior margin rounded. Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 21C). Phallus with U­shaped dorsal phallotremal sclerite, ventral sclerite a short, indistinct sclerotized tube, thornlike setae cover ventral and anterolateral surface of endothecal membrane (Fig. 21D).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; short stout setae in two rows on posterior margin (Fig. 22C). Tergum IX without mesal ridge, posterior margin rounded (Fig. 22B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 22B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig. 22A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite shallowly emarginate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 22A).</p> <p>COSTA RICA: Cartago: near Tuis, 914 m, 16–22.vii.1993, Hanson— 1 male (EMUS); Heredia: Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.07806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.326944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.07806/lat 10.326944)">Río Peje</a>, Puesto El Ceiba, 10°19'37"N 84°04'41"W, 480 m, 29–31.v.1990, Holzenthal, Blahnik, &amp; Muñoz— 1 female (UMSP); Límon: Limon, 16 km W Guapiles, 400 m, ii–iii.1989, Hanson— 2 males (UMSP); PANAMA: Chiriqui: Fortuna Dam Site nr. Hornitos, 08°55'00"N 82°16'00"W, 1050 m, 17–23.viii.1977, Wolda— holotype male (UCB); 25.iv–1.v.1979, Wolda — 1 female (NMNH).</p> <p>Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFCE2815FEB91AF4E0B9FD59	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCD2814FEB91B3CE0A0FD71.text	042B4F2EFFCD2814FEB91B3CE0A0FD71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) mexicana Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) mexicana, new species</p> <p>Figs. 23–24</p> <p>This species is known only from two specimens. It is unique within Histricoverpa due to the easily recognizable long, paired, apically bifurcate posterior projections of tergum X (Fig. 23A, B).</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 13.0– 13.3 mm (n=2).</p> <p>Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna golden brown, base of each flagellomere pale. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and femora golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing uniform golden brown.</p> <p>Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 23B); lateral ridge incomplete posteriorly; anterior marginal ridge of sternum extending slightly posteriorly. Preanal appendages long, broadening from base and constricting subapically, slightly flexible apically; apical 2/3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 23B). Segment X deeply cleft posteromesally, forming two long, apically bifurcate lateral projections; in lateral view, ventral margin concave and posterior projection long and narrow (Fig. 23A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 23A). Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (23D).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (24C). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending only slightly mesally, posteromesally indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 24B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate; with tiny setae posteriorly (Fig. 24A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage truncate apically (Fig. 24B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite rounded anteriorly, posterolateral projections short and rounded; posterior sclerite longer than anterior, constricted at anterior margin of sternum IX; dorsal connective membrane distinct (Fig. 24A).</p> <p>Holotype male: MEXICO: Oaxaca: La Esperanza, 18.iv.1983, Garcia &amp; Ibarra (UMSP000065234; IBUNAM).</p> <p>Paratype: MEXICO: Oaxaca: La Esperanza, 18.iv.1983, Garcia &amp; Ibarra — 1 female (IBUNAM).</p> <p>Distribution. Mexico.</p> <p>Etymology. Named for the country of Mexico, where this northernmost representative of the genus Banyallarga was collected.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFCD2814FEB91B3CE0A0FD71	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCC2813FEB91B54E02AFE61.text	042B4F2EFFCC2813FEB91B54E02AFE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) mollicula (McLachlan)	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) mollicula (McLachlan)</p> <p>Figs. 25–26</p> <p>Ganonema molliculum McLachlan 1871:127 [Type locality: Venezuela; BMNH; male]. Banyallarga mollicula — Flint 1983:77.</p> <p>Among species of Histricoverpa, only B. mollicula has preanal appendages shorter than tergum X (Fig. 25A). The handful of specimens available were badly rubbed or preserved in ethanol, so color and wing pattern are badly faded.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 10.6–12.1 mm (n=12).</p> <p>Head golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown.</p> <p>Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 25B); lateral ridge present; anterior marginal ridge of sternum entire, without posterior extensions. Preanal appendages shorter than tergum X, lanceolate, apical 1/3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 25B). Segment X with rounded dorsal process; posterior margin rounded mesally, with short rounded lateral processes; in lateral view posterior margin obtuse (Fig. 25A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with peglike setae apically. Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 25D).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 26C). Tergum IX with mesal ridge running length of segment, posterior indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 26B); sternum IX with single pair of striate ventral lobes (Fig. 26A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage posterior margin oblique (Fig. 26B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig. 26A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid (Fig. 26A).</p> <p>VENEZUELA: Göring — holotype male (BMNH); Aragua: Km. 27, Choroni, 1500 m, 27.v.1955 — 5 males, 6 females (UMSP).</p> <p>Distribution. Venezuela.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFCC2813FEB91B54E02AFE61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCB2812FEB91A44E054FE61.text	042B4F2EFFCB2812FEB91A44E054FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) nica Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) nica, new species</p> <p>Figs. 27–28</p> <p>Banyallarga nica is similar to B. echinata in having prominent spinelike setae on tergum X; however, in B. nica these spines are shorter and restricted to the apices of the posterior processes (Fig. 27A, B). All specimens I examined were preserved in ethanol; consequently, color and wing pattern were not preserved.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 10.0– 10.8 mm (n=14).</p> <p>Antenna twice forewing length. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with mesal ridge extending to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 27B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae fine and numerous (Fig. 27A). Preanal appendages long, slightly expanded and flexible apically; apical 2/3 covered with long fine setae (Fig. 27A, B). Segment X deeply emarginate posteriorly, forming two digitate lateral projections, apices of projections bearing short spinelike setae (Fig. 27B). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 27C). Phallus with horseshoe­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae proximally and ventrally on endothecal membrane (Fig. 27D).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 28C). Tergum IX without mesal ridge, posterior margin indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 28B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, smoothly sclerotized anteromesally, punctate posterolaterally (Fig. 28A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 28B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig. 28A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections acute; posterior sclerite enclosed within a semisclerotized sheath half width of posterior abdomen; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 28A).</p> <p>Holotype male: NICARAGUA: Jinotega: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=13.283334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.55/lat 13.283334)">Peñas Blancas</a>, 13°17'00"N 85°33'00"W, 1300 m, 25.vii.1997, Maes &amp; Hernández (UMSP000063355; UMSP).</p> <p>Paratypes: NICARAGUA: Jinotega: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.71667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=13.566667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.71667/lat 13.566667)">Cerro Kilambé</a>, 13°34'00"N 85°43'00"W, 1520 m, 1.viii.1997, Maes &amp; Hernández — 4 males (UMSP); 1.vii.1997, Maes &amp; Hernández — 4 males, 1 female (UMSP).</p> <p>Distribution. Nicaragua</p> <p>Etymology. "Nica" is a nickname for Nicaraguans or Nicaragua, the country in which the types were collected.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFCB2812FEB91A44E054FE61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFCA2811FEB91A44E112FE49.text	042B4F2EFFCA2811FEB91A44E112FE49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) quincemil Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) quincemil, new species</p> <p>Figs. 29–30</p> <p>Banyallarga quincemil is distinguished from B. acutiterga and sylvana by the acute apex of tergum X, which in B. quincemil is without apicoventral projections or dorsolateral lobes (Fig. 29B). This new species is known only from Peru, while the other two species are Central American. The type specimens are rather badly rubbed, so details of coloration are unavailable.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 10.5–11.1 mm (n=10).</p> <p>Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden brown. Forewing chestnut brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae; hind wing of female with short basal brush of pale setae.</p> <p>Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 29B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae fine and numerous; ventral pleural setae approximately 10. Preanal appendage longer than tergum X, slightly wider at middle, apical 1/4 rugose, slightly flexible, covered with long fine setae (Fig. 29A). Segment X shallowly emarginate posteriorly; with short rounded paired dorsolateral projections (Fig. 29B); in lateral view apex of tergum roundly tapered. Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 29C). Phallus with Ushaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 29D).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 30C). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge not extending posteromesally, posterior margin indistinct from tergum X (Fig. 30B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, smoothly sclerotized anteromesally, with tiny punctations posterolaterally. Tergum X semimembranous, appendage roundly tapered (Fig. 30B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short, rounded; posterior sclerite twice length of anterior sclerite, enclosed within a semisclerotized sheath; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 30A).</p> <p>Holotype male: PERU: Cuzco: Quincemil, viii.1962, Peña G. (UMSP000065236; CNC).</p> <p>Paratypes: PERU: Cuzco: Quincemil, viii.1962, Peña G. — 7 females (CNC); 1 male, 1 female (UMSP).</p> <p>Distribution. Peru.</p> <p>Etymology. Named for the type locality in Peru.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFCA2811FEB91A44E112FE49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC92811FEB91A2CE1DBF91E.text	042B4F2EFFC92811FEB91A2CE1DBF91E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) sanchezi Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) sanchezi, new species</p> <p>Figs. 31–32</p> <p>Banyallarga sanchezi is easily distinguished from all other species in the genus by the highly modified tergum X and the mesoventral process of the inferior appendage (Fig. 31A). Tergum X has two pairs of long digitate ventrolateral processes. In addition, this is the only species in the genus that bears a long digitate mesal process on the coxopodite. The species is known only from a single male specimen.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 11.3 mm (n=1).</p> <p>Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna chestnut brown, each flagellomere pale basally. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing mottled gold and golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior margin deeply emarginate; sternum IX strongly angularly projected posteriorly; pleural setae numerous (Fig. 31B). Preanal appendage shorter than tergum X, narrow, apex slightly flexible, covered with long fine setae. Segment X with short spinelike setae along posterior midline; with two pairs of long digitate ventrolateral processes (Fig. 31B) Inferior appendage with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite, base of coxopodite with long digitate mesal process; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 31B). Phallus with U­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 31D).</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p>Holotype male: COLOMBIA: Huila: Quebrado Juancho, 10 km W Iquira, 13.iii.1993, Sanchez (UMSP000002649; NMNH).</p> <p>Distribution. Colombia.</p> <p>Etymology. Named for the collector, Mario Sanchez.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC92811FEB91A2CE1DBF91E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFC8282FFEB9196CE175FC01.text	042B4F2EFFC8282FFEB9196CE175FC01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) sylvana Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) sylvana, new species</p> <p>Figs. 33–34</p> <p>This species is known from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Across this range, there is subtle variation in the shape of tergum X (Fig. 33A, B); however, I observed intermediate morphologies between the two extreme variants illustrated here and am confident that all are conspecific. The prominent dorsolateral lobe of tergum X (Fig. 33A, B) is the diagnostic character of this species, separating it from B. quincemil and acutiterga.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 8.8–10.5 mm (n=15).</p> <p>Head golden brown. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden brown; each flagellomere pale basally and with pale strip of sensilla anteriorly. Dorsal pterothorax golden brown; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden brown, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing uniform chestnut brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae; hind wing of female with short thick basal tuft of setae.</p> <p>Male. Lateral margin of sternum IV deeply excavated (as in Fig. 16). Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 33B); lateral ridge incomplete anteriorly; dorsal pleural setae fine and numerous (Fig. 33A). Preanal appendage longer than tergum X, slightly expanded apically and flexible, apical half covered with fine setae (Fig. 33B). Tergum X cleft posteromesally, separating roundly (Fig 33B 2) or acutely tapered (Fig. 33B 1) apicoventral projections; with paired rounded dorsolateral lobes (Fig. 33A, B); in lateral view with posteroventral projection (Fig. 33A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically (Fig. 33C). Phallus with horseshoe­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae on endothecal membrane (Fig. 33D, E).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 34A). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge not extending mesally, posterior margin not distinct from tergum X (Fig. 34B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, with fine punctation posteriorly; anterolateral surface invaginated and rugose (Fig. 34A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage rounded posteriorly (Fig. 34B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening (Fig 34A). Vaginal apparatus anterior sclerite truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid anteriorly; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 34A).</p> <p>Holotype male: COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Reserva Forestal San Ramón, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.60694&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.216111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.60694/lat 10.216111)">Río San Lorencito</a> &amp; tribs., 10°12'58"N 84°36'25"W, 980 m, 1–4.v.1990, Holzenthal &amp; Blahnik (UMSP000000068; UMSP).</p> <p>Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Alajuela: unnamed river, Cerro Campana ca. 6 km (air) NW <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.4&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.4/lat 10.9)">Dos Rios</a>, 10°54'00"N 85°24'00"W, 640 m, 22–23.vii.1987, Holzenthal, Morse, &amp; Clausen — 1 male (NMNH); Parque Nacional Rincón de la Vieja, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.28111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.768888" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.28111/lat 10.768888)">Quebrada</a> Provisión, 10°46'08"N 85°16'52"W, 810 m, 4.iii.1986, Holzenthal &amp; Fasth — 1 male (UMSP); Reserva Forestal San Ramón, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.60694&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.216111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.60694/lat 10.216111)">Río San Lorencito</a> &amp; tribs., 10°12'58"N 84°36'25"W, 980 m, 1–4.v.1990, Holzenthal &amp; Blahnik — 2 males, 1 female (UMSP); 2–4.vii.1986, Holzenthal, Heyn, &amp; Armitage — 1 male, 1 female (UMSP); 24–27.ii.1987, Chacón — 1 male (UMSP); 30.iii–1.iv.1987, Holzenthal, Hamilton, &amp; Heyn — 1 male, 1 female (INBIO); Guanacaste: Río Los Ahogados, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.42305&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.865001" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.42305/lat 10.865001)">Río Los Ahogados</a>, 11.3 km ENE Quebrada Grande, 10°51'54"N 85°25'23"W, 470 m, 26.vi.1986, Holzenthal, Heyn, &amp; Armitage — 1 female (UMSP); San José: Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, La Ventana, 1330 m, 5.viii.1990, 1 male (INBIO); NICARAGUA: Jinotega: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=13.283334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.55/lat 13.283334)">Peñas Blancas</a>, 13°17'00"N 85°33'00"W, 1300 m, 25.vii.1997, Maes &amp; Hernández — 1 male (UMSP); Zelaya: <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-85.01667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=13.733334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -85.01667/lat 13.733334)">Cerro Saslaya</a>, 13°44'00"N 85°01'00"W, 700 m, 1.iv.1996, Maes &amp; Hernández — 1 male, 1 female (NMNH).</p> <p>Distribution. Costa Rica, Nicaragua.</p> <p>Etymology. Sylvana, from the Latin Silvanus, meaning "god of woods," referring to the forests where this species was collected.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFC8282FFEB9196CE175FC01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFF7282EFEB91C64E0C4FBE1.text	042B4F2EFFF7282EFEB91C64E0C4FBE1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) tapanti Prather Table Of Contents 2004	<div><p>Banyallarga (Histricoverpa) tapanti, new species</p> <p>Figs. 35–36</p> <p>Banyallarga tapanti shares with B. fortuna the broadly rounded apex of tergum X in lateral view (Fig. 35B). It is distinguished from B. fortuna by the prominent dorsomesal ridge of tergum X (Fig. 35A). This species is known only from three specimens, so variation is difficult to assess. The single female specimen is indistinguishable from the female of B. sylvana (Fig. 34); the association of the B. tapanti female is tentative.</p> <p>Adult. Forewing length 8.8–9.4 mm (n=3).</p> <p>Head golden. Maxillary palps golden brown. Antenna twice forewing length, golden; each flagellomere pale basally and with pale strip of sensilla anteromesally. Dorsal pterothorax golden; ventrolateral thorax and legs golden, metathoracic tibia of male with long posterior setal fringe. Forewing uniform golden brown. Hind wing of male with basal semimembranous sleeve or pouch, enclosing brush of long setae.</p> <p>Male. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge extending mesally to posterior margin, covered dorsally by semisclerotized membrane bearing dense fine pilosity (Fig. 35B); lateral ridge present; dorsal pleural setae approximately 15. Preanal appendage slightly longer than tergum X, slightly expanded apically and flexible, apical half covered with long setae. Tergum X cleft posteromesally, separating roundly tapered lateral projections; with high dorsomesal ridge (Fig. 35B); in lateral view apex rounded (Fig. 35A). Inferior appendage simple, with long setae ventrally and laterally on coxopodite; harpago of uniform diameter along length, with fine setae basally and peglike setae apically. Phallus with W­shaped phallotremal sclerite, thornlike setae ventrolaterally on endothecal membrane (Fig. 35D, E).</p> <p>Female. Sternum VII with pointed anteromesal process. Sternum VIII anterior marginal ridge darkly sclerotized; fine setae covering posterior surface of sternite (Fig. 36C). Tergum IX with anterior marginal ridge not extending mesally, posterior margin not distinct from tergum X (as in Fig. 34B); sternum IX with anterior and posterior lobes darkly sclerotized and striate, with fine punctation posteriorly; anterolateral surface invaginated and rugose (Fig. 36A). Tergum X semimembranous, appendage rounded posteriorly (as in Fig. 34B); sternum X with semisclerotized plates bearing fine setae lateral to anal opening. Anterior sclerite of vaginal apparatus truncate anteriorly, posterolateral projections short; posterior sclerite ovoid anteriorly; dorsal connective membrane with regular pleating (Fig. 36A).</p> <p>Holotype male: COSTA RICA: Cartago: Reserva Tapantí, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.78694&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.761111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.78694/lat 9.761111)">Quebrada Segunda</a> @ administration building, 09°45'40"N 83°47'13"W, 1250 m, 23.viii.1990, Holzenthal &amp; Huisman (UMSP000000071; UMSP).</p> <p>Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Cartago: Reserva Tapantí, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.78694&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.761111" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.78694/lat 9.761111)">Quebrada Segunda</a> @ administration building, 09°45'40"N 83°47'13"W, 1250 m, 9–10.v.1990, Holzenthal &amp; Blahnik — 1 female (UMSP); 23.viii.1990, Holzenthal &amp; Huisman — 1 male (UMSP).</p> <p>Distribution. Costa Rica.</p> <p>Etymology. This species is named for the Tapantí Wildlife Reserve in the western Talamanca Mountains of Costa Rica.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFF7282EFEB91C64E0C4FBE1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
042B4F2EFFF6282CFEB91F76E754FC39.text	042B4F2EFFF6282CFEB91F76E754FC39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banyallarga	<div><p>Key to the males of Banyallarga</p> <p>I provide this key for the convenience of readers who do not have ready access to the Internet. However, for ease of use and accuracy of identification, I recommend an interactive key, which will include any taxonomic changes subsequent to publication of this paper, maintained at &lt;http://www.entomology.umn.edu/museum/projects&gt;. Upon request, I can provide updated conventional or interactive keys on paper or CD­ROM.</p> <p>1 Endotheca of phallus with thornlike setae (Fig. 21D). (subgenus Histricoverpa) 2</p> <p>— Endotheca of phallus without thornlike setae, but may have fine setae or spicules (Fig. 3D)..................................................................... (subgenus Banyallarga) 11</p> <p>2(1) Preanal appendage long, usually longer than tergum X, slender, digitate (Fig. 17A, B)........................................................................................................................... 3</p> <p>— Preanal appendage broad, shorter than tergum X (Fig. 25A, B)............................................................................................................. B. (H.) mollicula (McLachlan)</p> <p>3(2) Coxopodite a simple cylindrical tube without basal process (Fig. 17A, C).......... 4</p> <p>— Coxopodite with long, digitate, mesal process (Fig. 31C).. B. (H.) sanchezi n. sp.</p> <p>4(3) Tergum X with both normal setae and spinelike setae (Fig. 19A, 27A)............... 5</p> <p>— Tergum X setose, but without prominent spinelike setae (Fig. 17A, B)................ 6</p> <p>5(4) Tergum X shallowly emarginate, suboval in lateral view, with paired linear rows of long spinelike setae (Fig. 19A, B)................................... B. (H.) echinata n. sp.</p> <p>— Tergum X deeply emarginate, with paired digitate lateral projections, apices of projections bearing short spinelike setae (Fig. 27A, B).............. B. (H.) nica n. sp.</p> <p>6(4) Tergum X rounded apically in lateral view (Figs. 21A, 35A)............................... 7</p> <p>— Tergum X acute or bifurcate apically in lateral view (Figs. 23A, 29A, 33A)....... 8</p> <p>7(6) Tergum X without dorsomesal ridge (Fig. 21A, B)............. B. (H.) fortuna (Resh)</p> <p>— Tergum X with high dorsomesal ridge (Fig. 35A, B)............. B. (H.) tapanti n. sp.</p> <p>8(6) Tergum X shallowly to moderately cleft, without long lateral bifurcate projections (Figs. 17B, 29B, 33B), but with acutely tapered or rounded apicoventral lateral projections, or apex of X acute, but without projections (Figs. 17A, 29A, 33B)... 9</p> <p>— Tergum X deeply cleft, with long, paired, apically bifurcate lateral projections (Fig. 23A, B)...................................................................... B. (H.) mexicana n. sp.</p> <p>9(8) Tergum X with short or no apicoventral projection (Figs. 29A, 33B)................. 10</p> <p>— Tergum X with long, acute apicoventral projection (Fig. 17A)................................................................................................ B. (H.) acutiterga (Denning and Hogue)</p> <p>10(9) Tergum X without apicoventral projection; dorsolateral lobes not prominent (Fig. 29 (Fig. 29A, B)... B. (H.) quincemil n. sp.</p> <p>— Tergum X with short, acute apicoventral projection and prominent paired rounded dorsolateral lobes (Fig. 33A, B)............................................ B. (H.) sylvana n. sp.</p> <p>11(1) Tergum X acute apically in lateral view, without ventrolateral flanges (Fig. 5A) 12</p> <p>— Tergum X truncate apically in lateral view, with ventrolateral flanges (Fig. 3A)............................................................................................... B. (B.) argentinica Flint</p> <p>12(11) Tergum X with high, setose dorsal ridge (Fig. 14A, B)...... B. (B.) yungensis Flint</p> <p>— Tergum X without high dorsal ridge, but with linear row of mesal setae (Fig. 5B)............................................................................................................................... 13</p> <p>13(12) Apex of tergum X, in dorsal view, broad, truncate or shallowly emarginate (Figs. 5B, 8B).................................................................................................................. 14</p> <p>— Apex of tergum X, in dorsal view, narrow, with deep or shallow posteromesal notch (Figs. 6B, 10B, 12B)................................................................................... 15</p> <p>14(13) Apex of tergum X, in dorsal view, truncate; without basolateral lobes (Fig. 5B)........................................................................................ B. (B.) columbiana (Navás)</p> <p>— Apex of tergum X, in dorsal view, shallowly emarginate; with paired rounded basolateral lobes (Fig. 8B)........................................................ B. (B.) penai n. sp.</p> <p>15(13) Large species, forewing length 16–21 mm......................... B. (B.) loxana (Navás)</p> <p>— Small species, forewing length 9–12 mm............................................................. 16</p> <p>16(15) Tergum X, in dorsal view, with shallow posteromesal notch (Fig. 10B)............................................................................................................. B. (B.) vicaria (Walker)</p> <p>— Tergum X, in dorsal view, with deep posteromesal notch (Fig. 12B).................................................................................................................. B. (B.) villosa (Navás)</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/042B4F2EFFF6282CFEB91F76E754FC39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L.	Prather Table Of Contents, Aysha L. (2004): Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa 435 (1): 1-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.435.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.435.1.1
