taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B687F74D0AFFFCBE42052AFEC6FDED.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Axinellidae (?) with styles / rhabdostyles forming plumose axes and pointing outwards in the periphery. Microscleres are long sinuous trichodragmata and / or isolated raphides. Terminal ends of raphides normally ornamented with fine spines (amended from ALVAREZ & HOOPER, 2002). Type species: Spongosorites variabilis Whitelegge, 1907: 513 (by original designation)	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
03B687F74D0AFFFBBE420697FEC4FD4A.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 A – F; Tab. I)	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
03B687F74D0AFFFBBE420697FEC4FD4A.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. Ilhabela: MNRJ 122, Saco da Serraria (23 º 48.344 ’ S – 45 º 14.401 ’ W), Ilhabela, São Sebastião, São Paulo State, 13 m depth, col. E. Hajdu, 11 / i / 1996. Paratypes. Ilhabela: MNRJ 124, Saco da Serraria, Ilhabela, São Sebastião, São Paulo State, 13 m depth, col. E. Hajdu, 11 / i / 1996; MNRJ 500, Codo Islet (23 º 55.206 ’ S – 45 º 17.936 ’ W), Saco das Anchovas, Ilhabela, São Sebastião, São Paulo State, 15 – 17 m, col. E. Hajdu, 22 / vi / 1997; MNRJ 788, Ilha da Serraria (23 º 48.758 ’ S – 45 º 13.812 ’ W), Ilhabela, São Sebastião, São Paulo State, 20 m, col. E. Hajdu, 11 / i / 1996.	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
03B687F74D0AFFFBBE420697FEC4FD4A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. is set apart from the other species of the genus by its encrusting shape with digitated projections and its yellowish­orange colour alive. Megascleres are a single category of styles and subtylostyles. Raphides ornamented are absent.	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
03B687F74D0AFFFBBE420697FEC4FD4A.taxon	description	Description. Encrusting with digitated projections, up to 2 cm high, compressible with an hispid surface (Fig. 2 A). The projections can be forked (Fig. 2 B). Colour alive is yellow to yellowish­orange, the surface can be white, and specimens become whitish in alcohol. Skeleton. No specialized ectosomal skeleton. Choanosomal skeleton plumose (Fig. 2 C) with spicular axes ascending to the surface, usually dendritically. Figure 2 C shows a vestige of axial condensation. Spicules (Fig. 2 D – F; Tab. I). Megascleres are styles slightly curved with 180 – 730 µm in length and 7 – 20 µm thick. (Subtylo) styles slightly curved, nearly straight, with 140 – 470 µm in length and 10 – 20 µm thick. Microscleres are rare smooth raphides with 72 – 384 µm in length.	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
03B687F74D0AFFFBBE420697FEC4FD4A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology. Known only from Ilhabela, São Sebastião, São Paulo State. The species is rare. The specimens were collected at 13 – 20 m depth. MNRJ 500 was found on top or a large rock, semi­covered by sediment.	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
03B687F74D0AFFFBBE420697FEC4FD4A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after its seemingly uncommon characteristic of possessing raphides which are unornamented, a character so far judged decisive diagnostically.	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
03B687F74D0AFFFBBE420697FEC4FD4A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. An alternative identification for the new species would be in Monanchora Carter, 1883 (Crambeidae, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae) due to the form of its megascleres, similar to those observed in this genus, which can also present a plumose skeleton (in encrusting forms). However, Monanchora has conspicuous spongin and functional specialization of its megascleres, two characters not observed in Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. Monanchora usually presents chelas or derived microscleres, but these can be rare (Van Soest et al. 1996). Only two species of Dragmaxia were known until now, D. variabilis (Whitelegge, 1907), from the east coast of Australia, and D. undata Alvarez et al., 1998, from Dutch Antilles and Colombia, Caribbean. Both possess ornamented raphides as microscleres, a morphologic trait not matched by the studied material. Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. is nevertheless considered to belong to the genus in view of its styles forming ascending, dendritic tracts (plumose choanosomal skeleton), a decision corroborated by Rob van Soest and Belinda Alvarez (in litt.). This pattern is similar to that seen in the type species, D. variabilis, despite less dense (Alvarez & Hooper 2002). The specimens´ shape recall the “ irregular thin projections, sometimes dichotomously branched ” reported by Alvarez et al. (1998). The occurrence of rare smooth raphides in the Brazilian material is considered unimportant here, and could be interpreted as a plesiomorphic trait retained in the new species.	en	Carvalho, Mariana De S., Hajdu, Eduardo (2004): Dragmaxia anomala sp. n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). Zootaxa 400 (1): 1-6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.400.1.1
