taxonID	type	description	language	source
2AB72CE5299C5CAE9F3AA3DE14CF2649.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2, 7	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
2AB72CE5299C5CAE9F3AA3DE14CF2649.taxon	materials_examined	Type. India. Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kallar forest area, along the streams of highland 8.7599 ° N, 77.1169 ° E, 1200 m a. s. l., 26 August 2019, Kumar V. S. A .., M. G. Govind & Arya. S, 1056 (holotype TBGT!, isotype MH! CALI!).	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
2AB72CE5299C5CAE9F3AA3DE14CF2649.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Impatiens achudanandanii is similar to I. courtallensis Ramasubbu, from which it differs by the color of the flowers (whitish-creamy with yellow spot at throat in I. achudanandanii vs. milky-white in I. courtallensis), the shape of the fruit, the shape, number and hairiness of the seeds (ovoid, 2 - 3 seeded fruit and seed glabrous in I. achudanandanii vs. fusiform, 3 - 5 seeded and with minute hairs in I. courtallensis), the shape of the dorsal petal (ovoid-circular in I. achudanandanii vs. orbicular, recurved in I. courtallensis), the shape of the lateral united petals (basal lobe ovate-obovate, distal lobe round in I. achudanandanii vs. basal lobe oblong, distal lobe spherical in I. courtallensis), the shape of lower sepal (saccate and tip pointed in I. achudanandanii vs. boat shaped and tip outwardly curved in I. courtallensis) and the size and color of the pollen grains (10 x 16 µm whitish-yellow in I. achudanandanii vs. 16 x 18 µm squarish, milky-white in I. courtallensis).	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
2AB72CE5299C5CAE9F3AA3DE14CF2649.taxon	description	Description. Annual, succulent, straggling, glabrous herb, 15 - 20 cm high; stems terete, unbranched with purple dots, nodes slightly swollen, internode elongated, 1 - 1.5 cm. Leaves opposite, decussate, 2 - 2.5 x 1 - 1.2 cm long, shortly petiolate, petiole 0.5 mm, coriaceous, linear, acuminate, entire, base truncate, slightly cordate, reflexed upwards, leaf margin distinctly serrate, leaf blade 1 - 2 mm, extra petiolar glands absent. Inflorescence 2 - 3 together, flowers simple, pedicellate, axillary, 2 - 3 mm across, whitish-creamy with yellow spot on the throat; pedicels 0.5 - 0.8 cm long. Sepals- lateral 2, linear-lanceolate aristate, 0.5 - 1 mm long, faintly nerved, white. Lower sepal boat shaped, tip of the lower sepal pointed, 1.0 - 1.2 x 0.5 - 0.8 mm, horizontal, spur minute, 0.2 mm, yellow. Petals-dorsal ovate, 1.5 - 1.8 x 0.5 - 0.8 mm, beaked, dorsally keeled, apiculate, lateral united petals stipitate, not clawed, 2 lobed, margin smooth 1 - 1.5 mm long, basal lobe small, ovate, distal lobe round, dorsal auricle not prominent, end sharp. Ovary ovoid, 0.5 mm long. Fruit: capsules small, ovoid, turgid, 3 - 5 x 2 - 3 mm, acute, red shaded, 2 - 6 seeded; seed hexagonal, smooth, compressed, 1 - 2 x 0.5 - 1 mm. Pollen grains 10 x 16 µm whitish-yellow.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
2AB72CE5299C5CAE9F3AA3DE14CF2649.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Impatiens achudanandanii is named in honor of Mr. V. S. Achudanandan, former Chief Minister of the state of Kerala for his ardent efforts in conservation of the pristine environment of Western Ghats, especially Mathikettan shola.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
2AB72CE5299C5CAE9F3AA3DE14CF2649.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Impatiens achudanandanii is distributed in the highlands above 1200 m. So far, the specimen has been observed only in the type locality. The populations are scattered and under the threat of grazing and other anthropogenic pressures. The plants are found to grow associated with seasonal ditches near the shade of huge rocks. Species of Eriocaulon, Utricularia reticulata and Drosera indica were found to grow in the nearby vicinity of this species	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
8CFAAC14312458FF9AE7821A7C3FDED7.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4, 7	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
8CFAAC14312458FF9AE7821A7C3FDED7.taxon	materials_examined	Type. India. Kerala, Idukki, Munnar, along the streams of highland 10.0889 ° N, 77.0595 ° E, 800 m a. s. l., 16 October 2019, M. G. Govind & Kumar V. S. A .., 1078 (holotype TBGT!, isotype MH! CAL!).	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
8CFAAC14312458FF9AE7821A7C3FDED7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Impatiens danii is similar to Impatiens goughii Wt. (1831: 160) but different in terms of color of flower (white with yellow blotch on the throat in I. danii vs. purple with white blotch on the throat in I. goughii), nature of peduncle and pedicel (non- sticky, smooth 3 - 3.5 cm in I. danii vs. sticky, viscous 7 - 8 cm in I. goughii), bracts (absent in I. danii vs. present and minute in I. goughii), shape of spur (curved and equal or longer than flower in I. danii vs. straight and shorter than flower in I. goughii), shape of dorsal auricle (short, lanceolate and equals the length of wings in I. danii vs. long and filiform and half the length of wings in I. goughii), capsule (ovate in I. danii vs. ellipsoidal in I. goughii) and shape of seed (ellipsoidal with bands of hairs in I. danii vs. ovoid with short hairs in I. goughii).	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
8CFAAC14312458FF9AE7821A7C3FDED7.taxon	description	Description. Annual, erect herb, 10 - 20 cm high; stem simple to moderately branched, glabrous, often slightly pubescent terete, with few scattered, brown, sessile or stipitate glands, particularly in the lower part of the stem. Lower and middle leaves opposite, petiolate to subsessile; petiole up to 1.5 cm long; lamina ovate to ovoid or elliptic-lanceolate, 3.5 - 8.5 x 1 - 1.5 cm, base rounded with auricled lobes, apex acuminate, margins crenate, dentate to serrate or serrulate (usually in upper leaves) with cuspidate teeth; surfaces glabrous; upper leaves alternate, sessile, oblong-lanceolate, smaller than lower leaves, apex acuminate, surfaces glabrous or sometimes with few glands, particularly on lower surface. Inflorescence peduncled, 8 - 12 flowered racemes arising from the axis of alternate leaves in the upper part of the stem; peduncle up to 5 cm long, glabrous, with small brown spots; bracteoles absent; pedicels slender, 1 - 1.5 x 0.6 - 0.9 cm, glabrous, with or without sparse brown spots. Flowers 1 - 1.2 x 0.6 - 0.8 cm, white; with yellow-purple blotch at throat. Lateral sepals 2, opposite, one on either side, ovate to lanceolate, 1.3 - 1.8 x 0.6 - 0.8 mm, base cordate, unequally parted, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces glabrous with conspicuous purple dots. Dorsal petal orbicular to oblong, 2 - 3 x 1.5 - 2 mm, apex slightly notched, margins entire or wavy, concave in the middle with spreading sides, slightly keeled on dorsal side, 0.5 - 0.8 cm long. Lateral petals 2 lobed, lobes unequal with second lobe long and ovate, each lateral petal equal ca. 1 - 1.2 x 1.0 - 1.2 cm, margins (outer and inner) entire or wavy. Lower sepal saccate, white with curved spur. Spur equals the length of the lateral petal. Stamens 2 - 2.5 mm; filaments 1 - 1.5 mm long, anthers 0.8 - 1.5 mm long, partly fused; pollen grains bilateral 12 x 14 µm milky white. Ovary oblong-elliptic, 2 - 3 mm long, glabrous; style 0.1 - 0.4 mm long. Capsules ovoid, 1 - 2.8 cm long, 0.2 - 0.5 mm broad, glabrous, green with purplish base and apex, 4 - 10 seeded; seeds green, oblong or sub ovoid, 2 - 3.6 x 1.5 - 2 mm, surface covered with hairs.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
8CFAAC14312458FF9AE7821A7C3FDED7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet ' Impatiens danii ' is given in honor of Dr. Mathew Dan, Senior Scientist and Head, Plant Genetic Resource Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, as a recognition of his immense contributions in the field of systematics and conservation of angiosperms in the Western Ghats.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
8CFAAC14312458FF9AE7821A7C3FDED7.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Impatiens danii is found to grow along the mud cliffs. Other taxa like I. herbicola, I. munnarensis and Selaginella ciliaris have been observed to grow along with this species.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
51E8E37F32CB5617868AA581B9B96042.taxon	description	Figs 5, 6, 7	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
51E8E37F32CB5617868AA581B9B96042.taxon	materials_examined	Type. India. Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Sangili, along the cliffs associated with streams of evergreen forest, 10.0889 ° N, 77.0595 ° E, 800 m a. s. l., 20 October 2020, Sindhu Arya & Kumar V. S. A .., 1088 (holotype TBGT!, isotype MH! CAL!).	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
51E8E37F32CB5617868AA581B9B96042.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Impatiens shailajae is similar to I. minae Ratheesh, Anil Kumar & Sivad. but differs with respect to the leaves (broadly ovate thin, rounded apex and green in I. shailajae vs. broadly ovate-orbicular, thick, fleshy, deep pink in I. minae), spur of the flower (straight and white in I. shailajae vs. slightly curved and pink in I. minae), lateral united petals (with white transparent papillae and small dorsal appendages in I. shailajae vs. red tipped white papillae and absence of dorsal appendages in I. minae) and seed (green with long bands of spiral hairs in I. shailajae vs. brown with short hairs in I. minae)	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
51E8E37F32CB5617868AA581B9B96042.taxon	description	Description. Scapigerous terrestrial herbs, 10 - 15 cm high; rootstock faintly tuberous, lithophytic herbs, densely pubescent. Tubers oblate, 4 - 6 x 2 - 3 mm. Leaves 2 - 4, radical, fleshy, 4.5 - 5.5 x 6.5 - 7.2 cm, ovate-orbicular or reniform, obtuse or rounded at apex, base cordate, margin crenate or serrate, thickly hairy, dark green above, with a tuft of uniseriate trichomes on upper surface and silky lanuginose hairs on lower surface, nerves pale green, primary veins usually 8, palmate; petioles up to 2.5 cm long, light pink. Scape racemose, straight, 3 - 4 flowered 8 - 10 cm long, glabrous. Flowers clustered at the apex, violet, each c. 1.5 cm across; pedicels 1.0 - 1.5 cm long; bracts thick, broadly ovate, obovoid, 4 - 5.5 x 2.5 - 3.2 mm, yellowish with dark purple spots. Lateral sepals 2, each 3.0 - 4.0 x 2.0 - 2.2 mm; lower sepals long-spurred, spur slender, 1.0 - 1.5 cm long, milky white, straight. Dorsal petal broadly orbicular to obovoid, saccate, 5 - 6 x 5 - 7 mm, adaxially keeled, glabrous with pubescent keeled part, dull white to yellow or pale purple; keel mucronate, mucro ca. 1 mm long, pale green; lateral united petals 3 - lobed, violet, with a slightly curved band of dense white tipped clavate papillae just above base; basal lobes shorter than the distal lobes, ca. 0.5 cm long, broadly oblong, rounded; middle lobes oblong towards tip, 4 mm long, broadly obovate; distal lobes spherical, ca. 6 mm long. Stamens 5, connate, 1.5 x 1.6 mm; filaments white, anthers white. Pollen grains 15 x 19 µm, light pink. Ovary green, 1.7 - 1.8 x 1.0 - 1.3 mm, elliptic, broadly acute at apex, glabrous. Capsule glabrous, reddish green, broadly ellipsoid, apex acute, 1.3 - 1.8 cm long. Seeds 5 - 8, ca. 1 mm long, surface with tuft of hairs.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
51E8E37F32CB5617868AA581B9B96042.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Impatiens shailajae is eponymous to Mrs. K. K. Shailaja, former Health Minister of Kerala, honoring her efforts to tackle various epidemic and pandemic situations in the state of Kerala through scientific temper.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
51E8E37F32CB5617868AA581B9B96042.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. The species grows in the unexplored core forest area along steep slippery cliffs, continuously wet by water flow. The species is found to grow along with I. verticillata and Fimbristylis spp. in the near vicinity.	en	Arya, Sindhu, Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Suresh, Veerankutty, Vishnu, Walsan Kalarikkal, Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil (2021): Three new species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from southern Western Ghats, Kerala. PhytoKeys 180: 157-171, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.180.66748
