identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
AB591B2AFF9FFFDE1C8DFD9AD954FCE4.text	AB591B2AFF9FFFDE1C8DFD9AD954FCE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinopilar Mello-Leitao 1940	<div><p>Spinopilar Mello-Leitão, 1940</p> <p>Spinopilar Mello-Leitão 1940: 102. Kury 2003: 204; 2014: 24.</p> <p>Type species. Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão, 1940 (by original designation)</p> <p>Placement. Spinopilar originally described in Phalangodidae Tricommatinae. Transferred to Cryptogeobiidae by Kury (2014).</p> <p>Etymology. Spinopilar from Latin spîna (thorn) + toponym Pilar. Gender masculine.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Stigmatic area fused to Cx IV along most of their area of contact (Figs 6A, 16B). Some species bear a stridulatory organ matching the ectal surface of basichelicerite and mesal surface of Pp Fe (Figs 17C–E, 22B–D). Distalmost megaspine of Pp Ti much longer than the others (Fig. 7C). Cx IV of male with retroventral L-shaped apophysis with ectal branch fasciolate (Figs 11B, D). Tr IV of male with well-developed retrolateral apophysis, with secondary fasciolate branch associated with a PTC (Figs 21A–F). Malleus with a dorsobasal hyaline haematodocha (DHB, Figs 9C, 25B). Skirt with short stem, flabellum wide and short with individual barbels deeply serrate (Figs 9E, F, 19I, 25D).</p> <p>Species included [with indication of WWF Ecoregions]. Spinopilar anomalis (Sørensen, 1932) [NT0150], Spinopilar apiacaensis Kury, 1992 [NT0104], Spinopilar armatipes (B. Soares, 1972) [NT0150], Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão, 1940 [NT0160], Spinopilar friburguensis (H. Soares, 1946) [NT0160], Spinopilar insignitus (Roewer, 1949) [NT0101], Spinopilar jocheni spec. nov. [NT0160], Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov. [NT0160], Spinopilar martialis spec. nov. [NT0102] and Spinopilar moria Kury &amp; Pérez-González, 2008 [NT0704, cavedwelling].</p> <p>Distribution. Brazilian Atlantic Forest: states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and São Paulo. Argentina (extreme NE), Paraguay (extreme E), both in the Atlantic Forest domain. Occurrence in Paraná state is highly likely. The presence of so many closely related species of cryptogeobiids in a relatively small area indicates high micro-endemism of those leaf-litter dwelling Laniatores and allows the prediction of a great number of undescribed species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, most of which are probably extinct due to heavy deforestation of that area (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2AFF9FFFDE1C8DFD9AD954FCE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kury, Adriano B.;Araujo, Débora C.	Kury, Adriano B., Araujo, Débora C. (2021): On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae). Zootaxa 4984 (1): 148-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14
AB591B2AFF98FFDE1C8DFCD9DED8F83F.text	AB591B2AFF98FFDE1C8DFCD9DED8F83F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinopilar Mello-Leitao 1940	<div><p>Key to the species of Spinopilar (males only)</p> <p>Spinopilar anomalis is left out of the key for the moment because of the several lacunae in its description. However, the information extracted from the original description (analyzed below) indicates that this species does not match any others.</p> <p>1. Cave-dwelling species, with appendages much elongate (especially Fe II straight and extremely long), slender and unarmed; Fe IV straight and twice as long as dorsal scutum; mesotergal areas densely covered with very low and small tubercles; Cx IV prodorsally unarmed; Fe IV densely covered with row of granules, otherwise unarmed........................ S. moria</p> <p>1’. Epigean species, with shorter appendages (Fe II shorter than scutum); Fe IV either straight or curved, about as long as dorsal scutum; mesotergal areas with variable armature but not as above; Cx IV always with at least one prodorsal spiniform apophysis; podomeres of leg IV may bear armature................................................................ 2</p> <p>2(1). Tr IV with short (shorter than Tr IV width) lobe-like retrolateral apophysis; both Fe and Ti IV slender and elongate, Ti even longer than Fe........................................................................................ 3</p> <p>2’. Tr IV with extremely robust retrolateral anterior apophysis, longer than the Tr width and armed with FAp and/or primary trochanteral cluster of special setae; Ti IV thick and short..................................................... … 4</p> <p>3(2). Tr IV with immense ventro-apical apophysis, almost as long as Fe IV................................. S. armatipes</p> <p>3’. Tr IV without ventro-apical apophysis.......................................................... S. insignitus</p> <p>4(2). Ocularium short, at most twice as high as cornea diameter.................................................... 5</p> <p>4’. Ocularium very high (about 5 times as high as cornea diameter), campaniform.................................... 6</p> <p>5(4). Mesotergum entirely smooth and unarmed; Mt IV thin; ocularium conical, entirely unarmed......... S. jocheni spec. nov.</p> <p>5’. Armature of mesotergum made of short acuminate spines; Mt IV spindle-shaped; ocularium low, flattened, with a moderately strong spine tilted backwards................................................................... S. armatus</p> <p>6(4). Stigmatic area with large conk-shaped median lobe on its posterior margin and lateral halter-shaped protuberance (hLP); configuration of tubercles on scutal areas unique: areas I-II with one pair, III-IV with a row of tubercles (median pair larger)...................................................................................... S. martialis spec. nov.</p> <p>6’. Stigmatic area with only simple lateral lobes, without median lobe; scutal areas I–II either unarmed or with pair of tubercles; areas III-IV either with a pair or with a row of tubercles...................................................... 7</p> <p>7(6). Mesotergal armature as acuminate spines....................................................... S. apiacaensis</p> <p>7’. Mesotergal armature as small granules.................................................................... 8</p> <p>8(7). Fe and Ti IV not especially thick; Mt IV non-fusiform........................................... S. friburguensis</p> <p>8’. Fe and Ti IV strongly incrassate; Mt IV fusiform......................................... S. magistralis spec. nov.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2AFF98FFDE1C8DFCD9DED8F83F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kury, Adriano B.;Araujo, Débora C.	Kury, Adriano B., Araujo, Débora C. (2021): On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae). Zootaxa 4984 (1): 148-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14
AB591B2AFF9AFFDC1C8DFC0AD8F5F813.text	AB591B2AFF9AFFDC1C8DFC0AD8F5F813.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinopilar anomalis (Sorensen 1932)	<div><p>Spinopilar anomalis (Sørensen, 1932)</p> <p>Olynthus anomalis Sørensen in Henriksen 1932: 251.</p> <p>Spinopilar anomalis: Kury 2003: 204.</p> <p>Type material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Holotype ♂ (NHM, destroyed), Rio de Janeiro, [Itaocara: Fazenda] Serra Vermelha [near 21°44’S 42°01’W].</p> <p>Remarks. This species has been originally described based on a male specimen originally in NHM, but now lost. The information that can be extracted from Sørensen’s (in Henriksen 1932) Latin description leads to the following diagnosis, which allows the distinction of this species from all others in the genus. Even after repeated expeditions, no further material of this species has been collected, which is not surprising, given the extreme degree of endemism of those small litter-dwelling Grassatores and the merciless deterioration of natural environments in the lower Paraíba Valley. This species is left out of the key due to the various lacunae in its description, which would extremely impair the comparisons.</p> <p>Diagnosis (based on the description of Sørensen in Henriksen 1932). (1) “limbus anterior tubere medio praeditus, tubere oculifero paullo minore” = preocular mound elevated, a little smaller than ocularium. (2) “areae coriaceae, quarta et quinta et limbus posterior et segmenta dorsalia tria anteriora libera granis praedita” = scutal areas III to V and free tergites I to III with granules. (3) “Tuber oculiferum... grano parvo apicali praeditum” = ocularium with a small tubercle. (4) “Areae coriacea, quarta et quinta granis magnis praeditae, in ordines singulos vix dispositis.” = scutal areas III to IV armed with large tubercles, barely arranged in a single [transversal] row. (5) “Limbus posterior et segmenta dorsalia libera tria anteriora coriacea, ordine singulo granorum magnorum pradita; anale dorsale granis paucis dispersis.” = scutal area V and free tergites I to III each armed with a single row of large tubercles; anal operculum with few scattered granules. (6) “In mare segmentum ventrale primum carinis lateralibus ambabus, in angulos singulos obtusos productis, erga apicem processus trochanteris IV positos.” = stigmatic area provided with a pair of lateral keels projected in obtuse angles, applied against process of Tr IV. (7) “Coxae IV processulo exteriore apicali recto, conico, acuto, et tuberculo interiore brevi robusto compresso, cujus margo posterior marginatus.” = Cx IV with prodorsal apical spiniform apophysis and retrodorsal protuberance with posterior margin marginated. (8) “Trochanter IV processu robusto interiore, levissime procurvo obtuso, granis magnis anterioribus duobus praedito, quae tuberculum coxale et angulum carina abdominalis ambiunt.” = Tr IV with robust retrolateral blunt process, gently procurved, with two large anterior protuberances.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2AFF9AFFDC1C8DFC0AD8F5F813	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kury, Adriano B.;Araujo, Débora C.	Kury, Adriano B., Araujo, Débora C. (2021): On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae). Zootaxa 4984 (1): 148-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14
AB591B2AFF95FFD61C8DF959DA45F890.text	AB591B2AFF95FFD61C8DF959DA45F890.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitao 1940	<div><p>Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão, 1940</p> <p>Figs 3, 5–9</p> <p>Spinopilar armatus Mello-Leitão 1940: 102. Kury 2014: 10.</p> <p>Type material examined. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: H olotype ♂ (MNRJ 94), Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias: Pilar.</p> <p>Other material examined. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: 1 ♂ (MNRJ 4508) Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca, A.P.L. Giupponi, R.L.C. Baptista &amp; D.R. Pedroso leg. 2001; 1 ♂ (MNRJ 4796) Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca: Trilha do Alto da Bandeira, A.P.L. Giupponi &amp; D.R. Pedroso leg. 15.10.1999; 7 ♂, 6 ♀ (MNRJ 2251), Nova Iguaçu, Tinguá, farm adjacent to REBIO do <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.43799&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.654272" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.43799/lat -22.654272)">Tinguá</a>, 22°39’15.38”S, 43°26’16.76”W [39 m elevation], A. Chagas, A.P.L. Giupponi, A.B. Kury &amp; C. Sampaio leg. 11.3.2010.</p> <p>Literature records. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca; Nova Iguaçu, Tinguá, farm adjacent to REBIO do Tinguá (Kury 2014).</p> <p>Diagnosis. May be distinguished from all other Spinopilar by the male Ti IV shaped like a baguette (Figs 3A, D, F) and the ocularium low, with spine tilted backwards (Figs 5F–G). Differs from other species (except S. martialis and S. magistralis) by the fusiform Mt IV of male (Figs 3D–F).</p> <p>Complementary description. Male (MNRJ 2251, contrasted with female (MNRJ 2251). Measurements: CL = 0.66, CW = 0.99, AL = 1.03, AW = 1.58. Fe I = 0.89, Fe II = 1.43, Fe III = 1.22, Fe IV = 1.65.</p> <p>Dorsum (Figs 3A, C–D, 5A, F–G). Dorsal scutum roughly bell-shaped: abdominal scutum wider than carapace with sides almost parallel. Carapace with well-marked C-shaped groove, entirely smooth; lateral ridges deep; preocular mound very high, with scattered acuminate tubercles. Ocularium low, stadium-shaped, situated in the middle of the carapace, armed with erect acuminate spiniform apophysis tilted backwards. Lateral margins of scutum with 2 irregular rows of setiferous tubercles extending from area I to area V. Mesotergum divided into 4 areas by deep substraight grooves. Median armature of areas I–IV increasing in size backwards. Scutal areas I–IV each armed with a pair of paramedian blunt tubercles. Area V and free tergites I–III each with a transversal row of 10–20 subequal acuminate tubercles. Anal operculum with uniformly distributed rounded tubercles.</p> <p>Venter (Figs 5B, E, 6A–D). Coxae I–IV and stigmatic area densely covered by stout setiferous tubercles. Free sternites each with row of setiferous tubercles. Cx I to III arched, transversal to main body axis; Cx II curved around Cx I, almost as wide as coxae I and III, in situ much longer than Cx III. Cx II and III delimit a narrow sternum. Maxillary lobe of Cx II as a small triangle. Cx I movable. Cx II linked to Cx III by two pairs of unequal lateral tubercular bridges; Cx III linked to Cx IV by six pairs of large lateral tubercular bridges. Cx IV slanted, barely larger than all others combined. Stigmatic area roughly Y-shaped, only faintly separated from Cx IV, fused to sternite II, with lateral grooves highlighting the stigmata (Figs 5B, 6A). Posterior margin of complex stigmatic area + sternite II without median lobe. Stigmata small, entirely transversal and free (Fig. 6A). Cx IV, Tr IV and stigmatic area forming a ventral complex of 3 overlaid apophyses as follows: (1) Cx IV has a weakly biramous apophysis, mesal branch short rounded, applied against stigmatic apophysis and ectal branch as a fasciolate hyaline truncated apophysis (FAp, sensu Kury 2014) applicable against Tr IV (Figs 6B, D); (2) stigmatic area has a robust lateral spade-shaped protuberance truncated in the apex (Fig. 6B); (3) Tr IV (densely covered by scaly tubercles) has a ventro-mesal apical stout apophysis with truncate apex, widely surpassing stigmatic protuberance 2, and in mid-length with a secondary branch as a FAp, matching corresponding FAp of Cx IV (Fig. 6B). Tr IV furthermore has a cluster of 4 meso-basal very thick striated setae (primary trochanteral cluster, PTC, Figs 6B, C) and a secondary cluster (STC) of two such setae associated with FAp (Fig. 6B).</p> <p>Chelicera/Pedipalp (Figs 7A–D). Basichelicerite with well-developed bulla, separated from peduncle by a narrow waist. Its mesal surface covered with patches of denticles. Cheliceral hand weak, monomorphic. Pp Tr with 1 large ve megaspine, Fe with 2 small megaspines, Pa unarmed. Pp Fe cylindrical, only gently convex dorsally and moderately compressed, without stridulatory organ. Spination of Pp cage: Ti mesal IiIi, ectal IÎi, Ta mesal IiIi, ectal IiIi.</p> <p>Legs. Cx IV: immensely developed, expanding greatly laterally and posteriorly reaching posterior border of scutum, armed with a distal prodorsal spiniform apophysis (Fig. 5A) and retroventral FAp (Figs 6B, D). Tr IV: extremely robust, armed with a huge recurved retrolateral apophysis bearing inner FAp (Figs 6A–B) and retrolateral PTC formed by four striated setae (Figs 6B–C). Fe IV (Figs 5E, 6A, 8B–D): cylindrical, substraight, bearing several rows of apophyses of varied size, mostly small, the larger ones are a retrolateral row, a few dorsobasal ones and a pair of retroventral and proventral spurs. Ti IV (Figs 3A, D, F): uniformly incrassate, much thicker than Fe; unarmed except for retroapical spur. Mt IV (Figs 3D–F): basal two-thirds spindle-shaped swollen. Tarsal counts: 5(3)/6(3)/5/6.</p> <p>Genitalia. Distal part of truncus abruptly bent as a botuliform oblique malleus (so that original dorsal surface is now apical and original apical is now ventral) and an erect large lamina parva (LP) (Fig. 9A). Well-developed haematodocha (hyaline button of Kury 2014) present at dorsal transition zone between truncus and malleus (Figs 9A, C). Lamina parva prismatic, subrectangular (in ventral view) with rounded corners (Figs 9B, D). Nine pairs of macrosetae (MS) A to E arranged as follows: MS A1 stout, inserted on latero-apical surface of malleus, close to the base of LP (Figs 9C, G). MS A2 stout, inserted on apical surface of malleus, close to the base of follis (Figs 9C, H). MS B1 as strong as A1–A2, located in the middle of lateral surface of malleus, next to A1 (Fig. 9C). MS C1–C3 short, striated, inserted close to each other, located on the ventro-latero-distal edge of LP (Figs 9C–D, G). MS D1 very short, located of the lateral surface of LP, close to C3 (Figs 9C–D). MS E1–E2 similar in size to MS C, forming a quadrangle on ventro-distal surface of LP, E2 much larger than E1 (Fig. 9D). Follis columnar, turgid, without folds or grooves and with a terminal harder ring (Fig. 9H). Stylus smooth and simple, without dorsal accessory plate (DAPG), without head (but with tapering apex), slightly sinuous (Figs 9E–F). Skirt ungrooved, crescent-shaped, without an axis, radiating in dorsal view around a hollow center, with serrate margins (Figs 9E, F).</p> <p>Sexual dimorphism. Female (Fig. 3B) in general color and proportions of body/appendages (except leg IV) very similar to male.</p> <p>Dimorphism in outline of dorsal scutum, lobes of sternites absent, armature of leg IV much reduced. Dorsal scutum: in male typical gamma; in female modified gamma, with posterior half strongly flaring. Cx IV in female much reduced, barely surpassing dorsal scutum in dorsal view and posteriorly barely reaching mesotergal area II, unarmed.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2AFF95FFD61C8DF959DA45F890	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kury, Adriano B.;Araujo, Débora C.	Kury, Adriano B., Araujo, Débora C. (2021): On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae). Zootaxa 4984 (1): 148-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14
AB591B2AFF8DFFC81C8DF913DF97F865.text	AB591B2AFF8DFFC81C8DF913DF97F865.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinopilar jocheni Kury & Araujo 2021	<div><p>Spinopilar jocheni spec. nov.</p> <p>Figs 4A, 10–14</p> <p>Type material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Holotype ♂ (MNRJ 2277), Rio de Janeiro, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.552555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.071882" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.552555/lat -23.071882)">Barra de Guaratiba</a>, Pedra da Tartaruga, 23° 4’18.77”S, 43°33’9.20”W [3 m elevation], A.P.L. Giupponi leg. 24.4.2010. Paratypes: 2 ♂ (MNRJ 7115) Rio de Janeiro, Barra de Guaratiba, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.55313&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.072025" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.55313/lat -23.072025)">Pedra da Tartaruga</a>, 23° 4’19.29”S, 43°33’11.28”W [17 m elevation], hillside with almond trees, A.B. Kury, A.P.L. Giupponi &amp; G. Miranda leg. 20.8.2010.</p> <p>Etymology. Species name is a noun in the genitive case, after the distinguished German arachnologist Jochen Martens, by occasion of his 80th birthday.</p> <p>Diagnosis. S. jocheni spec. nov. belongs to the group of typical Spinopilar, with preocular mound high, leaning forward (Figs 10B, C). It may be distinguished from all other Spinopilar by the scutal areas entirely unarmed (Fig. 10A). Furthermore, it has ocularium low and unarmed (as in S. armatipes, S. insignitus, S. moria), contrasting with most other species which have ocularium high campaniform with erect spine.</p> <p>Description. Male (holotype). Measurements: CL = 0.68, CW = 1.03, AL = 1.00, AW = 1.43. Fe I = 1.0, Fe II = 1.8, Fe III = 1.2, Fe IV = 1.7.</p> <p>Dorsum (Figs 4A, 10A–C). Dorsal scutum bell-shaped: abdominal scutum wider than carapace with sides subparallel and with almost imperceptible posterior constriction. Carapace with well-marked crescent-shaped groove, entirely smooth; lateral ridges deep; preocular mound moderately high, with scaly tegument. Ocularium low, narrow elliptical, situated in the middle of the carapace, entirely unarmed. Lateral margins of scutum with very few setiferous tubercles only at area II. Mesotergum divided into 4 areas by deep and wide substraight grooves. Scutal areas I to V, free tergites I to III and anal operculum entirely unarmed.</p> <p>Venter (Figs 10D, 11A–F). Coxae I densely covered by setiferous tubercles, Cx II less so. Coxae III–IV smooth, only with minute granules. Free sternites smooth. Cx I to III arched, transversal to main body axis; Cx II curved around Cx I, as wide as coxae I and III, in situ much longer than Cx III. Cx II and III delimit a narrow sternum. Maxillary lobe of Cx II as a small triangle. Cx I movable. Cx II linked to Cx III by only one pair of large lateral tubercular bridges; Cx III linked to Cx IV by four pairs of large lateral tubercular bridges. Cx IV slanted, larger than all others combined. Stigmatic area roughly Y-shaped, only faintly separated from Cx IV, fused to sternite II, with lateral grooves highlighting the stigmata (Figs 10D, 11A). Posterior margin of complex stigmatic area + sternite II without median lobe. Stigmata small, rounded and free (Fig. 11B). Cx IV, Tr IV and stigmatic area complex forming a ventral complex of 3 overlaid apophyses as follows: (1) Cx IV has a weakly biramous apophysis, mesal branch not projected, applied against stigmatic apophysis and ectal branch as an elongate fasciolate hyaline truncated apophysis (FAp, sensu Kury 2014) applicable against Tr IV (Figs 11 B, D); (2) stigmatic area has a robust lateral tongueshaped protuberance slightly projected in the middle (Fig. 11D); (3) Tr IV (densely covered by scaly tubercles) has a ventro-mesal apical stout but short apophysis, not reaching middle part of protuberance 2, and in mid-length with a secondary branch as a FAp, similar to corresponding FAp of Cx IV (Figs 11B–E). Tr IV furthermore has a cluster of 5 meso-basal very thick striated setae (trochanteral PTC, Figs 11E–F) and a secondary cluster of two such setae associated with FAp (Figs 11E–F).</p> <p>Chelicera/Pedipalp (Figs 12A–H). Basichelicerite with well-developed bulla, separated from peduncle by a narrow waist. Its mesal surface covered with patches of denticles. Cheliceral hand weak, monomorphic. Pp Tr with 1 large ventral megaspine, Fe with 2 small megaspines, Pa unarmed. Pp Fe cylindrical, only gently convex dorsally and moderately compressed, with only a few mesal wrinkles in the place of the stridulatory organ. Spination of Pp cage: Ti mesal IiIi, ectal IÎi, Ta mesal IiIi, ectal IiIi.</p> <p>Legs (Figs 4A, 10A–C, 13A–H). Cx IV: well-developed, expanding laterally and posteriorly to barely reach scutal area IV, armed with a distal prodorsal spiniform apophysis and retroventral FAp. Tr IV: extremely robust, armed with a huge recurved retrolateral truncated apophysis bearing inner FAp and retrolateral PTC formed by five striated setae. Fe IV: cylindrical, substraight, almost devoid of tubercle rows, except for a few dorsal and a few retrolateral ones and one larger proventral. Ti IV: thickened, more especially so on distal half, with a pair of retroventral and proventral spurs. Mt IV: only very subtly thickened in basal fourth. Tarsal counts: 5(3)/6(3)/5/5.</p> <p>Genitalia (Figs 14A–I). Distal part of truncus abruptly bent as a botuliform oblique malleus (so that original dorsal surface is now apical and original apical is now ventral) and an erect large lamina parva (LP). Well-developed hyaline button present at dorsal transition zone between truncus and malleus. Lamina parva prismatic, subrectangular (in ventral view) with rounded corners. Dorsal accessory plate of glans (DAPG) roughly rounded pentagonal in dorsal view, folded to embrace the glans. Nine pairs of macrosetae (MS) A to E arranged as follows: MS A1 stout, inserted on latero-apical surface of malleus, close to the base of LP. MS A2 stout, inserted on apical surface of malleus, close to the base of LP. MS B1 as strong as A1–A2, located in the middle of latero-apical surface of malleus, next to A1. MS C1–C3 short, striated, inserted close to each other, located on the ventro-latero-distal edge of LP. MS D1 very short, located of the lateral surface of LP, close to C3. MS E1–E2 similar in size to MS C, forming a quadrangle on ventro-distal surface of LP, E2 much larger than E1. Follis short, but distally expanded into a folded DAPG. Stylus smooth and simple, without head (but with tapering apex), slight curved. Skirt hemispherical, without an axis, radiating in dorsal view around a hollow center, with deeply serrate margins</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2AFF8DFFC81C8DF913DF97F865	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kury, Adriano B.;Araujo, Débora C.	Kury, Adriano B., Araujo, Débora C. (2021): On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae). Zootaxa 4984 (1): 148-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14
AB591B2AFF8AFFC21C8DF934DA8EFE28.text	AB591B2AFF8AFFC21C8DF934DA8EFE28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinopilar martialis Kury & Araujo 2021	<div><p>Spinopilar martialis spec. nov.</p> <p>Figs 4B, 15–19</p> <p>Type material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Holotype ♂ (MNRJ 9094), Macaé, Mata do TECAB, ponto 4, - 22.28847°, -41.734609°, 11.2015, D.R. Pedroso &amp; O.M. Villarreal leg. Paratypes: 8 ♂, 6 ♀ (MNRJ 8851), Macaé, TECAB, P4, -22.28847°, -41.734609°, 16– 22.2.2014, D.R. Pedroso &amp; O.M. Villarreal leg. 4 ♂ (MNRJ 8852), Macaé, TECAB, P3, -22.285914°, -41.73497°, 16– 22.2.2014, D.R. Pedroso leg. 1 ♀ (MNRJ 8853), Macaé, TECAB, P3, -22.285914°, -41.73497°, G.S. Miranda leg. 1 ♀ (MNRJ 8854), Macaé, Mata da Transpetro, Terminal Cabiúnas, P3, 5.2013, D.R. Pedroso &amp; G.S. Miranda leg. 1 ♀ (MNRJ 8855), Macaé TECAB, P3P4, D.R. Pedroso leg. 1 ♀ (MNRJ 8856), Macaé TECAB, P3, -22.285914°, -41.73497°, 11.2015, D.R. Pedroso leg. 1 ♀ (MNRJ 8857), Macaé, Mata da Transpetro, Terminal Cabiúnas, P 4P2, 5.2013, D.R. Pedroso &amp; G.S. Miranda leg. 1 ♂, 4 ♀, 1 juv. (MNRJ 8848), Macaé, Mata da Transpetro, Terminal Cabiúnas, P 4, 5.2013, D.R. Pedroso &amp; G.S. Miranda leg.</p> <p>Etymology. Species name is the Latin adjective martialis (of or pertaining to Mars), referring to Latin prosoponym Martinus (from the Roman war god Mars), from where the surname Martens originated. Named after the eminent German arachnologist Jochen Martens, by occasion of his 80th birthday.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Distinguished from all other species among other things by the unique large conk-shaped median lobe (cML) on posterior margin of St II and a lateral halter-shaped protuberance (hLP). Differs from all other Spinopilar (except S. magistralis) by the presence of a well-developed mesal pars stridens on Pp Fe. Further differs from S. magistralis by the stout mesotergal armature.</p> <p>Description. Male (holotype). Measurements: CL = 0.76, CW = 1.11, AL = 1.15, AW = 1.79. Dorsum (Figs 4B, 15A, B, C). Dorsal scutum bell-shaped: abdominal scutum much wider than carapace with sides gently converging posteriorly and without posterior constriction.Carapace with well-marked crescent-shaped groove, entirely smooth; lateral ridges deep; preocular mound moderately high, with scaly tegument. Ocularium high, elliptical, situated in the middle of the carapace, armed with robust erect acuminate spiniform apophysis. Lateral margins of scutum with row of setiferous tubercles extending from ozopores to middle of area III. This row doubled in the posterior part. Mesotergum divided into 4 areas by deep and wide substraight grooves. Median armature of areas I– IV increasing in size backwards. Scutal areas I–II each armed with a pair of paramedian blunt tubercles placed very close to each other (0.05 mm), otherwise entirely smooth. Scutal area III with a pair of paramedian acuminate setiferous tubercles, larger and slightly more separated (0.08 mm) than those of area II. These 2 main tubercles make part of a transversal row containing much smaller tubercles, 3 to 4 on each side. Scutal area IV similar to III, except for much larger and more separated (0.17 mm) main tubercles (which already enter the category of spines). Free tergites I–III each with a transversal row of respectively 12, 10 and 8 acuminate tubercles, the ones in middle pair clearly more robust than the others. Anal operculum with 3 transversal rows of 4, 3 and 2 acuminate setiferous tubercles. Venter. All coxae densely covered by oval setiferous tubercles, a few of those also present between stigmata. Free sternites with scattered setiferous tubercles. Cx I to III arched, transversal to main body axis; Cx II curved around Cx I, as wide as Cx I, in situ much longer than Cx III. Cx II and III delimit a narrow sternum. Maxillary lobe of Cx II as a small triangle. Cx I movable. Cx II linked to Cx III by only one pair of large lateral tubercular bridges; Cx III linked to Cx IV by two pairs of large lateral tubercular bridges. Cx IV slanted, larger than all others combined. Stigmatic area roughly triangular, fused to sternite II, with lateral grooves highlighting the stigmata. Posterior margin of the complex stigmatic area + sternite II with large, roughly conk-shaped, median lobe. Stigmata small, entirely transversal and partially covered by a mesal lobe. Cx IV, Tr IV and stigmatic area complex forming a ventral complex of 3 overlaid apophyses as follows: (1) Cx IV has a clearly biramous apophysis, mesal branch conic, applied against stigmatic apophysis and ectal branch as a fasciolate hyaline truncated apophysis (FAp, sensu Kury 2014) applicable against Tr IV; (2) stigmatic area has a robust halter-shaped lateral protuberance (hLP); (3) Tr IV has a ventro-mesal apical very long (surpassing protuberance in 2) and extremely robust spatulate apophysis, with a secondary branch mid-length forming a FAp, extremely similar to corresponding FAp of Cx IV. Tr IV furthermore has a cluster of 4 meso-basal very thick setae (PTC). Chelicera/Pedipalp (Figs 17A–E). Basichelicerite with well-developed bulla, separated from peduncle by a narrow waist. Ectal surface near dorsum with a single very large plectrum and a field of plectral ridges. Cheliceral hand weak, monomorphic. Pp Tr with 1 large ventral megaspine, Fe with 1 larger and 1 very small megaspines, Pa unarmed. Pp Fe cylindrical, abruptly bent dorsally and moderately compressed, with a well-developed mesal pars stridens composed of ca. 70 ridges. Spination of Pp cage: Ti mesal IiIi, ectal IÎi, Ta mesal IiIi, ectal IiIi.</p> <p>Legs (Figs 4B, 15A–B, 18A–F). Fe I and III: gently curved, with rows of setiferous tubercles. Ti III: uniformly thickened. Cx IV: well-developed, expanding laterally and posteriorly to reach the posterior border of scutal area IV, armed with a distal prodorsal spiniform apophysis and retroventral FAp. Tr IV: extremely robust, armed with an elongate straight retrolateral spatuliform apophysis bearing inner FAp and retrolateral primary trochanteral cluster formed by five smooth setae. Fe IV: cylindrical, incrassate on second fourth, armed with rows of large, acuminate setiferous tubercles. Pa IV: with armature similar to Fe. Ti IV: incrassate on the last 3/4, armed with rows of setiferous tubercles as in Fe, however these increase substantially in size distad. Mt IV: calcaneus thickened but not fusiform and armed with rows of setiferous tubercles. Tarsal counts: 5(3)/7(3)/5/5. Genitalia (Figs 19A–I). Distal part of truncus abruptly bent as a botuliform oblique malleus (so that original dorsal surface is now apical and original apical is now ventral) and an erect large lamina parva (LP). Well-developed hyaline button present at dorsal transition zone between truncus and malleus, but not restricted to it, rather expanding onto all area of malleus around follis. Lamina parva prismatic, subrectangular (in ventral view) with rounded corners. Nine pairs of macrosetae (MS) A to E arranged as follows: MS A1 stout, inserted on latero-apical surface of malleus, close to the base of LP. MS A2 stout, inserted directly on lamina parva. MS B1 as strong as A1–A2, located in the middle of latero-apical surface of malleus, next to A1. MS C1–C3 short, striated, inserted close to each other, located on the ventro-latero-distal edge of LP. MS D1 very short, located of the dorsolateral surface of LP, close to C3. MS E1–E2 similar in size to MS C, forming a quadrangle on ventro-distal surface of LP, E2 somewhat larger than E1. Follis ovoid, turgid, without folds or grooves. Stylus smooth and simple, without dorsal accessory plate (DAPG), without head (but with tapering apex), bent. Skirt like two non-coplanar (forming acute angle) serrate spread wings (Figs 19H–I).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2AFF8AFFC21C8DF934DA8EFE28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kury, Adriano B.;Araujo, Débora C.	Kury, Adriano B., Araujo, Débora C. (2021): On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae). Zootaxa 4984 (1): 148-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14
AB591B2AFF85FFC71C8DFF36DE00F986.text	AB591B2AFF85FFC71C8DFF36DE00F986.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spinopilar magistralis Kury & Araujo 2021	<div><p>Spinopilar magistralis spec. nov.</p> <p>“Gen. sp. K” Kury 2014: 10.</p> <p>Figs 4C, 20–25</p> <p>Type material. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Holotype ♂ (MNRJ 18984) Armação dos Búzios: Resort Caravelas, 31.7.– 2.8.2007, V. Ovtcharenko &amp; T. Piterkina leg. Paratypes: 1 ♀ (MNRJ 18984), with same date as for holotype. 4 ♂, 3 ♀ (MNRJ 19189), Búzios APA do Pau Brasil, -22,807308°, - 41,951329°, 25 m elevation, 13.– 15.1.2011, B. Buzatto, A.P.L. Giupponi &amp; A.B. Kury leg.</p> <p>Etymology. Species name is the Latin adjective magistralis (of or pertaining to a master, teacher or expert), after the outstanding German arachnologist Jochen Martens, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.</p> <p>Diagnosis. Differs from all other Spinopilar by the leg IV with Fe to Mt strongly incrassate, also differs (except S. apiacaensis, S. martialis and S. friburguensis) by the elevated campaniform ocularium. Further differs from S. martialis by the male Ti IV which is uniformly thickened with coarse granulation (incrassate only distally and armed with long, stout spines in S. martialis), from S. apiacaensis by the bifid praeocular mound and from S. friburguensis by male Mt IV fusiform.</p> <p>Description. Male (holotype). Measurements: CL = 0.80, CW = 1.15, AL = 1.32, AW = 1.75.</p> <p>Dorsum (Figs 4C, 20A–F). Dorsal scutum roughly bell-shaped: abdominal scutum much wider than carapace with sides strongly convex, converging posteriorly and without posterior constriction. Carapace with well-marked semicircular groove, entirely smooth; lateral ridges deep; preocular mound very high, with two spines geminated at base. Ocularium high, elliptical in dorsal view, situated in the middle of the carapace, armed with robust erect acuminate spiniform apophysis. Lateral margins of scutum with row of minute setiferous tubercles extending from area I to area II. Mesotergum divided into 4 areas by deep straight grooves. Median armature of areas I–IV increasing in size backwards. Scutal areas I–III each armed with a pair of paramedian blunt tubercles placed very close to each other (0.05 mm), otherwise with anterior row of granules. Scutal area IV with a pair of paramedian acuminate setiferous tubercles, larger and much more separated (0.2 mm) than those of other areas. These 2 main tubercles make part of a transversal row containing smaller tubercles, 1 on each side. Area V and free tergites I–III each with a transversal row of 10–12 subequal acuminate tubercles plus an anterior row of granules. Anal operculum with uniformly set rounded tubercles.</p> <p>Venter (Figs 21A–F). Coxae I–II densely covered by oval setiferous tubercles. Coxae III–IV smooth, only with minute granules. Free sternites with scattered setiferous tubercles. Cx I to III arched, transversal to main body axis; Cx II curved around Cx I, as wide as Cx I, in situ much longer than Cx III. Cx II and III delimit a narrow sternum. Maxillary lobe of Cx II as a small triangle. Cx I movable. Cx II linked to Cx III by only one pair of large lateral tubercular bridges; Cx III linked to Cx IV by three or four pairs of large lateral tubercular bridges. Cx IV slanted, larger than all others combined and strongly projected laterally. Stigmatic area roughly Y-shaped, only faintly separated from Cx IV, fused to sternite II, with lateral grooves highlighting the stigmata (Fig. 21A). Posterior margin of complex stigmatic area + sternite II without median lobe. Stigmata small, entirely transversal and free (Fig. 21C). Cx IV, Tr IV and stigmatic area complex forming a ventral complex of 3 overlaid apophyses as follows: (1) Cx IV has a weakly biramous apophysis, mesal branch short rounded, applied against stigmatic apophysis and ectal branch as a fasciolate hyaline truncated apophysis (FAp, sensu Kury 2014) applicable against Tr IV (Figs 21 C, D); (2) stigmatic area has a robust lateral tongue-shaped protuberance projected in the middle (Fig. 21C); (3) Tr IV (densely covered by scaly tubercles) has a ventro-mesal apical stout apophysis, reaching middle part of protuberance 2, and in mid-length with a secondary branch as a FAp, extremely similar to corresponding FAp of Cx IV (Figs 21B, C). Tr IV furthermore has a cluster of 4 meso-basal very thick striated setae (PTC, Fig. 21E) and a secondary cluster of two such setae associated with the FAp (Fig. 21F).</p> <p>Chelicera/Pedipalp (Figs 22A–I). Basichelicerite with well-developed bulla, separated from peduncle by a narrow waist. Its mesal surface covered with small patches of tiny denticles. Ectal surface near dorsum with a single row of 10 well-developed plectra. Cheliceral hand weak, monomorphic. Pp Tr with 1 large ventral megaspine, Fe with 1 very large and 1 very small megaspines, Pa unarmed. Pp Fe cylindrical, strongly convex dorsally and moderately compressed, with a well-developed mesal pars stridens composed of ca. 30 ridges and situated on a slightly concave surface. Spination of Pp cage: Ti mesal IiIi, ectal I(Îi), Ta mesal IiIi, ectal IiIi.</p> <p>Legs (Figs 4C, 20A–D, 21A–B, 23A –EI). Fe I-II gently curved, Fe III more markedly curved. Ti III: uniformly thickened. Cx IV: well-developed, expanding laterally and posteriorly to reach the posterior border of scutal area III, armed with a distal prodorsal spiniform apophysis and retroventral FAp. Tr IV: extremely robust, armed with an elongate straight retrolateral spatuliform apophysis bearing inner FAp and retrolateral primary trochanteral cluster formed by four striated setae. Fe IV: cylindrical, heavily incrassate, armed with rows of large, acuminate setiferous tubercles; those of proventral and prolateral rows strongly increase in size distally. Pa IV: uniformly covered with smaller setiferous tubercles. Ti IV: uniformly thickened, armed with rows of setiferous tubercles with apical retroventral much larger than the others forming a spur. Mt IV: proximal third thickened but not fusiform and armed with rows of minute setiferous tubercles. Tarsal counts: 5(3)/6(3)/5/6.</p> <p>Genitalia (Figs 25A–G). Distal part of truncus abruptly bent as a botuliform oblique malleus (so that original dorsal surface is now apical and original apical is now ventral) and an erect large lamina parva (LP). Well-developed hyaline button present at dorsal transition zone between truncus and malleus. Lamina parva prismatic, subrectangular (in ventral view) with rounded corners. Nine pairs of macrosetae (MS) A to E arranged as follows: MS A1 stout, inserted on latero-apical surface of malleus, close to the base of LP. MS A2 stout, inserted directly on lamina parva. MS B1 as strong as A1–A2, located on apical surface of malleus. MS C1–C3 short, striated, inserted close to each other, located on the ventro-latero-distal edge of LP. MS D1 very short, located of the dorsolateral surface of LP, clustered with C1–C3. MS E1–E2 similar in size to MS C, forming a quadrangle on ventro-distal surface of LP, E2 clearly larger than E1. Follis long, laminar, scarcely folded. Stylus smooth and simple, without dorsal accessory plate (DAPG), without head (but with gently tapering apex), bent. Skirt as an arch of circle, deeply serrate.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB591B2AFF85FFC71C8DFF36DE00F986	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kury, Adriano B.;Araujo, Débora C.	Kury, Adriano B., Araujo, Débora C. (2021): On Spinopilar from Rio de Janeiro state with description of three new species (Opiliones, Laniatores, Cryptogeobiidae). Zootaxa 4984 (1): 148-181, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4984.1.14
