taxonID	type	description	language	source
03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype ³: PANAMA: Colón Pr. San Lorenzo Forest 9 ° 17 ′ N 79 ° 58 ′ W. Forest litter, Winkler extraction IBISCA site B 1. W 12558 // 10. x. 2003. A. Dejean, G. Orivel, B. Cobrara, H. - P. Aberlenc & M. Leponce. Paratypes (5): ³ PANAMA: Colón Prov. San Lorenzo Forest, STRI crane site. 9 ° 17 ′ N 79 ° 58 ′ W FIT-C 3 - 17. 21 - 24 May 2004 A. K. Tishechkin. AT — 522; ³ PANAMA: Colón Prov. San Lorenzo Forest. 9 ° 17 ′ N 79 ° 58 ′ W. F. I. T., 1.3 m 14 d FL-C 281.3 a. 17. x. 2003 R. Didham, L. Fagan. IBISCA; ♀ PANAMA: Colón Prov. San Lorenzo Forest, STRI crane site. 9 ° 17 ′ N 79 ° 58 ′ W FIT-I 3 - 15. 15 - 17 May 2004 A. K. Tishechkin. IBISCA’ 04; ♀ PANAMA: Colón Prov. San Lorenzo Forest, STRI crane site. 9 ° 17 ′ N 79 ° 8 ′ W FIT-B 3 - 14. 20 - 21 May 2004 A. K. Tishechkin. IBISCA’ 04; ³ PANAMA: Colón Prov. San Lorenzo Forest. 9 ° 17 ′ N 79 ° 58 ′ W. F. I. T., 1.3 m 10 d FL-C 1 A 1.3 b. 23. x. 2003 R. Didham, L. Fagan. IBISCA. The male holotype, two male paratypes, and one female paratype are deposited in Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), Chicago, IL, USA. A male and female paratype are held at the Louisiana State Arthropod Museum (LSAM), Baton Rouge, LA, USA.	en	Parker, Joseph, Owens, Brittany (2018): Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, New Genus, and Convergent Evolution of a “ Reductive ” Ecomorph in Socially Symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (2): 219-229, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-72.2.219
03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. As for the genus, additionally with vestiture of regularly spaced, spatulate setae on dorsal surface, and aedeagus with narrow distal process and patches of erect setae on distal surface.	en	Parker, Joseph, Owens, Brittany (2018): Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, New Genus, and Convergent Evolution of a “ Reductive ” Ecomorph in Socially Symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (2): 219-229, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-72.2.219
03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0.taxon	description	Description. Holotype male body length 1.57 mm (Fig. 1 A, B). Upper body surface shiny and glabrous except for sparse but regularly spaced large, suberect, spatulate setae (Figs. 1 A, B, 2 A, B, D, D’). Body and antenna light reddish brown, appendages and maxillary palpi orange-yellow (Fig. 1 A, B). Head: Moderately transverse (Figs 1 A; 2 B). Integument smooth, shiny; dorsal surface with evenly spaced, spatulate setae; ventral surface with dense vestiture of simple, closely spaced setae. Vertex gently convex, smooth, lacking foveae, sulci, or carinae. Eye small, semi-circular, composed of approximately 45 facets (Fig. 2 A). Postocular margins longer than eye length, gently rounded, narrowing from eyes towards base. Antennomeres 1 – 3 longer than wide; 3 – 10 subrectangular, about as long as wide; 11 largest (Fig. 2 A). Thorax: Pronotum slightly wider than long, widest point at about 1 / 3 length; lateral margin rounded; disc smoothly shiny with evenly spaced, spatulate setae (Figs. 1 A, 2 D). Mesoventrite with fine lattice microsculpture medially (Fig. 2 E). Metaventrite smoothly shiny, vestiture of simple, closely spaced setae becoming denser in area between meso- and metacoxae. Abdomen: Wider than long, narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 1 A, B). Aedeagus with dorsal diaphragm large, centrally positioned within disc; parameres absent; distal process narrow; distal surface with patches of short, erect setae (Fig. 3 D). Elytra: Subtrapezoidal (Fig. 1 A), base much narrower than apex; foveae and striae absent; surface smoothly shiny, covered with evenly spaced, spatulate setae (Fig. 1 A, B). Legs: Simple, elongate, unmodified except protibia with transverse sulcus in apical third. Female. Externally similar to male. Eye slightly smaller, approximately 25 facets. Lacking transverse sulcus on protibia.	en	Parker, Joseph, Owens, Brittany (2018): Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, New Genus, and Convergent Evolution of a “ Reductive ” Ecomorph in Socially Symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (2): 219-229, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-72.2.219
03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name honors our colleague and friend Alexey Tishechkin, histerid expert and myrmecophile enthusiast, who collected several specimens of the type series. Biological Information. All specimens were collected by either flight intercept traps or a Winkler extractor, so the biology of the species is unknown. However, we think it highly likely that B. tishechkini is a myrmecophile or possibly a termitophile based on a suite of morphological features. The extensive loss of foveae, sulci, and striae to produce a smooth cuticle is a trait common to many inquilinous Pselaphinae (Chandler 2001). The spatulate setae closely match the form of known pselaphine myrmecophiles such as the trogastrine Jubogaster Parker and Maruyama (Parker and Maruyama 2013) and some myrmecophilous aleocharines such as Phyllodinarda Wasmann. The robust, nearly moniliform antennae, composed of compact antennomeres, are also a feature of numerous pselaphine myrmecophiles and termitophiles (Chandler 2001). Moreover, B. tishechkini is strikingly similar in appearance to Loeblibatrus yunnanus Yin, a myrmecophile of Ectomomyrmex Mayr in China (Yin 2018). In the absence of molecular data from Loeblibatrus, we presently hypothesize that this close similarity is the outcome of convergent evolution in response to selection inside social insect colonies, rather than from shared ancestry.	en	Parker, Joseph, Owens, Brittany (2018): Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, New Genus, and Convergent Evolution of a “ Reductive ” Ecomorph in Socially Symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (2): 219-229, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-72.2.219
03E92E0EFFDC1F65FD23FA84FC87FBB0.taxon	discussion	Comments. No further specimens of this genus were recovered despite searching in the following museum collections that have extensive holdings of Neotropical pselaphine material: FMNH, American Museum of Natural History, New York, Snow Entomological Museum Collection, Kansas, Natural History Museum, London, UK, and the personal collection of Donald Chandler (University of New Hampshire).	en	Parker, Joseph, Owens, Brittany (2018): Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, New Genus, and Convergent Evolution of a “ Reductive ” Ecomorph in Socially Symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (2): 219-229, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-72.2.219
03E92E0EFFDD1F66FD25FBE4FC9AFED2.taxon	discussion	Our initial impression of Batriscydmaenus was of a new and highly unusual genus, almost scydmaenine-like in form, but with shortened elytra and threesegmented tarsi that suggested a placement in Pselaphinae. The new taxon appeared to be highly atypical for a pselaphine, however, with several remarkable character states that are otherwise invariant within the subfamily. The overtly simplified morphology, with profound losses of foveae, sulci, and other characters used routinely for tribal placement, meant that unambiguous external characters to link the new genus to a higher taxonomic group were not forthcoming. One character — the apically notched antennal scape — suggested possible membership in the supertribe Batrisitae, but the approximation of this character state elsewhere in Pselaphinae (Kurbatov 2007) prevented unequivocal placement. Batrisites possess a modified metaventrite margin that is curved at the midline to form a preapical fovea (Chandler 2001), and we noticed that Batriscydmaenus has this feature. Furthermore, upon dissection we discovered the genus possesses four setae on the labrum — a proposed autapomorphy of Batrisitae (Kurbatov 2007). Still, the radical departure from the typical pselaphine (and batrisine) habitus was perplexing. To circumvent the challenge posed by the morphology of the new genus to a definitive tribal placement, we assessed the phylogenetic position of Batriscydmaenus molecularly. We recovered fragments of nuclear 28 s rRNA and mitochondrial 16 s rRNA and COI from one of the paratypes. Bayesian analysis revealed that Batriscydmaenus emerges within a maximally supported Batrisitae clade (Fig. 4). These results establish with confidence that the new taxon is indeed a morphologically derived member of Batrisitae. Our tree includes nine members of Batrisini as well as Arianops Brendel, a Nearctic member of the troglobitic batrisite tribe Amauropini. The position of Arianops within a clade otherwise composed of Batrisini genera indicates that Amauropini should be synonymized with Batrisini, as suggested previously (Parker 2016 b). We refrain from doing so until a greater range of amauropine genera can be sampled, but nevertheless conclude that Batriscydmaenus belongs within Batrisini rather than Amauropini. Notably, batrisines have undergone explosive genus-level diversification in the African and, in particular, the East Asian tropics, but up to now only six genera have been recorded from the Neotropics: Arthmius LeConte, Batoctenus Sharp, Iteticus Raffray, Oxarthrius Reitter, Syrbatus Reitter, and Syrmocerus Raffray (Park 1942). Batriscydmaenus thus represents the seventh Neotropical batrisine genus. In our tree, Batriscydmaenus is resolved as sister to the Neotropical genus Oxarthrius, but limited gene and taxon sampling precludes a more exact placement within Batrisini with any confidence.	en	Parker, Joseph, Owens, Brittany (2018): Batriscydmaenus Parker and Owens, New Genus, and Convergent Evolution of a “ Reductive ” Ecomorph in Socially Symbiotic Pselaphinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (2): 219-229, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.2.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-72.2.219
