taxonID	type	description	language	source
622C913CE9EE5C74AB52AB1EFA0193AC.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2, 3	en	Shepherd, Bart, Pinheiro, Hudson T., Phelps, Tyler A. Y., Perez-Matus, Alejandro, Rocha, Luiz A. (2021): Pseudanthias hangapiko, a new anthiadine serranid (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). ZooKeys 1054: 1-13, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508
622C913CE9EE5C74AB52AB1EFA0193AC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The following combination of characters distinguishes Pseudanthias hangapiko sp. nov. from congeners: dorsal rays X, 17; anal rays III, 8; pectoral rays 16 (left side of one specimen 17); vertebrae 10 + 16; scales relatively large, two scales between lateral line and base of fifth dorsal spine, and 16 (17) circumpeduncular scales; gill rakers 11 + 22 - 23; body very slender and compressed, the greatest body depth 3.4 - 3.8 in SL; caudal peduncle short, its length 2.6 - 3.3 in HL; sexually dichromatic, with male coloration red dorsally, yellow laterally, silvery-pink on throat and belly; females pink, silvery-pink on operculum, throat and belly; both sexes dark red on top of head, along anterior two-thirds of dorsal fin base; both sexes with rows of irregularly-spaced metallic magenta spots laterally, and red dorsal and caudal fins with yellow highlights.	en	Shepherd, Bart, Pinheiro, Hudson T., Phelps, Tyler A. Y., Perez-Matus, Alejandro, Rocha, Luiz A. (2021): Pseudanthias hangapiko, a new anthiadine serranid (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). ZooKeys 1054: 1-13, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508
622C913CE9EE5C74AB52AB1EFA0193AC.taxon	description	Description. Dorsal fin X, 17; anal fin III, 8; pectoral rays 16 (one paratype with 17 rays on left pectoral fin), upper two and lowermost unbranched; pelvic fin I, 5; principal caudal-fin rays 9 + 8 (7 + 6 branched); upper procurrent caudal-fin rays 9 (10); lower procurrent caudal rays 9 (9, 10?); tubed lateral-line scales 40 | 41 (40 - 43); scales above lateral line to origin of dorsal fin 5 (4); scales above lateral line to base of fifth dorsal spine 2; scales below lateral line to origin of anal fin 11 (12); circumpeduncular scales 16 (17); gill rakers 11 + 23 (11 + 22 - 23); pseudobranchial filaments 10 (9); branchiostegal rays 7; vertebrae 10 + 16; supraneurals 2; predorsal formula 0 / 0 / 2 / 1 + 1; main shaft (proximal component) of first dorsal pterygiophore inclined slightly backwards; dorsal pterygiophores in interneural spaces 9 - 13 1 / 1 / 1 + 1 / 1 + 1 / 1; terminal dorsal pterygiophore in interneural space 19 (18); no trisegmental pterygiophores associated with dorsal fin; proximal tip of first anal-fin pterygiophore near distal tip of haemal spine on first caudal vertebra; terminal anal pterygiophore in interhaemal space 6; no trisegmental pterygiophores associated with anal fin; ribs present on vertebrae 3 through 10; epineurals present on vertebrae 1 through 13 (12?); no paired parapophyses on first caudal vertebra; parhypural and hypurals autogenous; well-developed hypurapophysis on parhypural; epurals 3; single uroneural (posterior uroneural absent); ventral tip of cleithrum with well-developed posteroventral process. Body very slender, compressed, its depth 3.6 (3.4 - 3.8) in SL, the width 2.0 (2.0 - 2.4) in depth; head length 3.2 (3.0 - 3.2) in SL; snout length 4.2 (3.4 - 3.7) in HL; snout and front of upper lip rounded, lacking fleshy anterior extension; diameter of orbit 3.9 (3.1 - 3.3) in head; posterior edge of orbit with 13 (12) fleshy papillae; interorbital space smooth, the bony width 4.1 (3.6 - 3.7) in HL; least depth of caudal peduncle 2.4 (2.2 - 2.6) in HL; caudal peduncle length 2.6 (3.1 - 3.3) in HL. Mouth moderately large, slightly oblique, the posterior margin of the maxilla reaching a vertical through the center of the pupil; lower jaw does not protrude when mouth is closed; maxilla width 2.0 (1.7 - 2.3) in orbit diameter. Upper jaw with two pairs of slightly enlarged canines directed ventrally; a band of small conical teeth, three rows wide at symphysis, reducing to two rows on sides of jaw, with the outer row teeth much larger and slightly curved dorsally, and the inner pair of teeth anteriorly nearest symphysis enlarged and caniniform; dentary with two rows of small conical teeth narrowing to one row and becoming larger posteriorly; lower jaw with one to two enlarged, curved, forward-projecting canine teeth on either side of symphysis; vomer with triangular patch of small conical teeth; palatine with a narrow band of small conical teeth, five rows wide, decreasing to one row posteriorly; tongue small, triangular, pointed, and edentate. Anterior nostril positioned at middle of snout, with a short fleshy flap on posterior margin; posterior nostril at mid-upper anterior border of orbit, covered by a thin, narrow membrane anteriorly. Opercle with three flat spines, all stout and acute; the middle opercle spine largest and level with center of eye; the upper smallest; ventral margin of preopercle smooth; vertical margin of preopercle with 14 acute spines (11), the largest almost the same size as the inferior opercle spine; posterior margin of subopercle with two strong spines; posterior corner of interopercle with one strong, acute spine. Scales ctenoid, relatively large, without basal cteni; head and preopercle scaled; distal portion of maxilla covered with scales, head fully scaled except for lips and areas in front of and immediately below nostrils; dorsal fin and anal fin without scales; proximal one-third of pelvic fin scaled; caudal fin with scales extending approximately three quarters distance to posterior margin; scales cover the central portion of the proximal one-fifth of the pectoral fin. Lateral line complete, smoothly curved, mostly follows dorsal contour of body reaching its highest point below the fifth dorsal spine. Origin of dorsal fin at vertical through base of pectoral fin, the predorsal length 3.4 (2.8 - 3.2) in SL; first dorsal spine 6.3 (6.6 - 7.2) in HL; fourth dorsal spine longest (third in smaller paratype), 2.3 (2.0 - 2.1) in HL; first dorsal ray 2.4 (2.0 - 2.2) in HL, longest dorsal ray the fourth, 2.0 (1.8) in HL; origin of anal fin below base of third dorsal soft ray, the preanal length 1.8 (1.5) in SL; first anal spine 5.0 (6.6 - 6.8) in HL; second anal spine the longest, nearly three times the length of the first, 2.3 (2.5 - 2.6) in HL; third anal spine 2.4 (2.9 - 3.2) in HL; posterior margin of anal fin rounded, the first segmented ray 1.4 (2.4 - 3.2) in HL, the longest segmented ray the fourth, 1.5 (2.0 - 2.1) in HL. Caudal fin lunate with trailing filaments, longer in males, the caudal concavity 3.1 (3.8 - 4.0) in SL. Pectoral fins 3.8 (3.4 - 3.6) in SL, extending to a vertical below base of first dorsal soft ray. Pelvic fins moderately long, 5.4 (5.1 - 5.9) in SL reaching second anal spine. Color in life: Pseudanthias hangapiko sp. nov. is sexually dichromatic. Males (Fig. 1): body pink, with yellow and dark red obscuring most of the ground color, except on belly and throat. Rows of metallic magenta spots, about one per scale, cover body, creating an irregularly spotted pattern starting from behind orbit and extending to base of caudal fin; upper third of body dark red, sides yellow. Dorsal fin dark red, with thin yellow stripe following upper margin; posterior half of soft dorsal-fin base with region of less-pronounced color, extending approximately one quarter of the height of dorsal fin; dark gray region on upper posterior margin of dorsal fin, spanning last five to six fin rays; pectoral fins hyaline; pelvic and anal fins yellow on anterior half, hyaline posteriorly; caudal fin red with yellow-orange filaments; yellow patch at ventral origin of caudal fin. Head pale orange, red along snout and between eyes, operculum yellow. Eye red, darker along outer edge. Females (Figs 1, 3): body predominantly pink with less-pronounced red and yellow markings, silvery-pink on operculum, throat and belly; spotting pattern of metallic magenta scales more widely-spaced than in males; anterior dorsal third of head dark red, pale silvery-pink below; faint orange on tip of snout and lower jaw. Dorsal fin red, with thin yellow stripe following upper margin, region of lighter color on posterior half of soft dorsal-fin base more pronounced in females than in males, same pink as body ground color; dark gray region on upper margin of dorsal fin more pronounced than in males, spanning posteriormost ten to twelve fin rays; pectoral fins hyaline; pelvic and anal fins hyaline with faint yellow markings anteriorly, thin magenta line on distal edge of anal fin; outermost caudal-fin rays yellow with red, especially on upper and lower margins and near base of caudal fin, centermost caudal-fin rays hyaline distally, thin dark gray lines on distal edges of upper and lower caudal fin filaments. Eye silver, darker along outer edge. Color in alcohol: All specimens straw-colored, except dorsally, where all specimens are darkly pigmented above lateral line where red in life; dorsal fin translucent with dark pigment, all other fins translucent.	en	Shepherd, Bart, Pinheiro, Hudson T., Phelps, Tyler A. Y., Perez-Matus, Alejandro, Rocha, Luiz A. (2021): Pseudanthias hangapiko, a new anthiadine serranid (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). ZooKeys 1054: 1-13, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508
622C913CE9EE5C74AB52AB1EFA0193AC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named for the location where it was collected, Hanga Piko, meaning " hidden bay " in the Rapa Nui language. To be treated as a noun in apposition.	en	Shepherd, Bart, Pinheiro, Hudson T., Phelps, Tyler A. Y., Perez-Matus, Alejandro, Rocha, Luiz A. (2021): Pseudanthias hangapiko, a new anthiadine serranid (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). ZooKeys 1054: 1-13, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508
622C913CE9EE5C74AB52AB1EFA0193AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. The new species is currently known only from Rapa Nui. The holotype and paratypes were collected at a depth of 83 m at a small, rocky patch reef surrounded by a large sandy area (Fig. 3). Other species collected at this location and recently described by our team include Plectranthias ahiahiata, Luzonichthys kiomeamea, and Chromis mamatapara (Shepherd et al. 2018, 2019, 2020). Due to geographical isolation and the high degree of endemism (21.7 %) among the shore fishes of Rapa Nui (Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2019), it is likely that Pseudanthias hangapiko sp. nov. is endemic to the island.	en	Shepherd, Bart, Pinheiro, Hudson T., Phelps, Tyler A. Y., Perez-Matus, Alejandro, Rocha, Luiz A. (2021): Pseudanthias hangapiko, a new anthiadine serranid (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from Rapa Nui (Easter Island). ZooKeys 1054: 1-13, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.64508
