taxonID	type	description	language	source
6F7593728A635C27AB09248252BE1220.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Russia: Lectotype ♂, by designation of Richter (1981: 917). Label: Maikhe bliz Shkotova, Ussur. kr., 5. VI. 1927, Shtakelberg (Mayhe near Shkotov, Ussur. kr., 5. VI. 1927, Stackelberg) - [Russia, Primorsky Krai, Ussuri district] [ZIN]. Examined from high quality photographs. Japan: (2 ♂♂, 1 ♀) 1 ♂: Honshu / 3. V. 1967 / H. Kurahashi // Gymnochaeta / lucida Mesn. (handwritten) / det. H. Shima, 1982 [BLKU]; 1 ♀: Honshu / 3. V. 1967 / H. Kurahashi [BLKU]; 1 ♂: [Aomori, Japan] / Inekari River, Koguriyama, / Hirosaki City / May 28, 2013 / D. Kato leg. // Gymnocheta / viridis Fall.? (handwritten) / det. T. Tachi 2020 [BLKU]. Finland: (5 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀) 1 ♂: Finland, Tavastia australis, Tammela, Torronsuo, 60.74, 23.58, 13. vi. 2004, K. Mattila leg. (BOLD Sample-ID JP 00605, GenBank accession number KX 843924) [TMNH]; 1 ♂: Finland, Karelia borealis, Ilomantsi, Pirhunvaara, 62.973; 31.406, 24. vi. 2008, J. Kahanpaeae leg. (BOLD Sample-ID jka 08 - 00018, GenBank accession number KX 844119); 1 ♂: Finland, Ostrobottnia borealis borealis, Rovaniemi, Kivalo, 66.325; 26.854, 13. - 25. vi. 2014, I. Gonzales leg. [JPC]; 1 ♀: Finland, Lapponia Kemensis pars occidentalis, Kittilae, Vuotsonperaen jaenkae, 67.617; 25.45, 24. vii. 2007, J. Salmela leg. (BOLD Sample-ID JP 00603, GenBank accession number KX 843771) [TMNH]; 1 ♀: Finland, Tavastia australis, Juupajoki, Lakkasuo, 61.798; 24.317, 12. vii. 2007, J. Pohjoismaeki leg. (BOLD Sample-ID JP 00604, GenBank accession number KX 843828) [TMNH]; 1 ♂: Finland, Karelia borealis, Lieksa, Lahnasuo, 63.118; 30.6144, 20. v. - 11. vi. 2015, J. Pohjoismaeki leg. (BOLD Sample-ID JP 2019005) [JPC]; 1 ♂: ibid. Dissected. [JPC]; 2 ♀♀: Finland, Karelia borealis, Lieksa, Lahnasuo, 63.118; 30.6144, 12. vi. - 3. vii. 2015, J. Pohjoismaeki leg. [JPC]; 1 ♀: Finland, Karelia borealis, Polvijaervi, Tiaissuo, 62.950233; 29.424098, 7. - 27. vii. 2014, J. Pohjoismaeki leg. [JPC]. For the boundaries of the Finnish geographical provinces see https: // laji. fi / theme / emk). Sweden: (64 ♂♂, 33 ♀♀) 1 ♀: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 18. vi. 1978, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♀: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 22. vi. 1978, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♀: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 27. vi. 1978, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♀: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 02. vii. 1978, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♂: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 06. vii. 1978, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC] - 1 ♀: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 02. vii. 1979, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♂: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 01. vi. 1981, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♀: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Keutatjape, O 1667053 N 7383578, 18. vi. 1981, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♂: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 29. vi. 1981, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♂: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Kallkaellmyran, O 1677655 N 7384113, 30. vi. 1981, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC] Dissected.; 1 ♂: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Sasnekape, O 1677032 N 7380533, 13. vii. 1981, leg. R. & T-B. Engelmark [REC]; 1 ♀: Lu. Lpm, Jokkmokk, Vaimat, " Stormyren ", O 1664900 N 7384200, 16. vii. 2008, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: Hls, Nordanstig, Ilsbo, Soeraengsberget, O 1564037 N 6863588, 17. vii. 1987, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: SE, Vrm, Kristinehamn, Flymossen, O 1404043 N 6580966, 14. vii. 1985, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 4 ♂♂: SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 30. v. 1999, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC], 1 ♂ dissected; 2 ♂♂: SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 03. vi. 1999, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♀♀: SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572550 N 6657230, 16. vi. 2003, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC] Dissected; 1 ♂: 30 / 220 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 29. v. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♂♂: 61 - 62 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 04. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [NHRS]; 2 ♂♂: 70 - 71 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 05. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀: 72 - 76 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Oejemossarna, O 1571242 N 6657364, 09. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂: 82 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Oejemossarna, O 1571242 N 6657364, 10. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [BLKU]; 1 ♂: 83 - 92 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Oejemossarna, O 1571242 N 6657364, 10. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 6 ♂♂: 111 - 116 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572270 N 6657616, 15. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 15 ♂♂: 117 - 131 / 2020 // SE, UP, Jaerlasa sn. Ramsmossen, O 1574877 N 6649254, 18. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♀♀: 138 - 139 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572270 N 6657616, 21. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: 141 - 142 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572270 N 6657616, 21. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [BLKU]; 2 ♀♀: 141 - 142 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572270 N 6657616, 21. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [NHRS]; 1 ♂ ♀: in copula, 9 ♂♂: 144 - 145, 154 - 162 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 21. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂ ♀: in copula, 2 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀: 183, 165 - 175,184 - 185 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 23. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀: 194 - 195, 200 / 2020 // SE, UP, Huddunge sn. Evighetsmossen, O 1572552 N 6657235, 29. vi. 2020, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
6F7593728A635C27AB09248252BE1220.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Gymnocheta lucida Zimin is a dark metallic olive to bronze-green tachinid, often with a matt appearance due to a dense microtomentum, which also gives the genal dilation a greyish white appearance.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
6F7593728A635C27AB09248252BE1220.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Gymnocheta lucida was previously known only from the Russian Far East and Japan (Richter 2004) and we report it here for the first time as also common and widespread in Finland and northern Sweden. In the Barcode of Life Database (BOLD), there is one match for the species-specific BIN from Norway. This species likely occurs also elsewhere in Europe but has been confused with the common G. viridis, and may have a continuous range throughout the Central Palaearctic.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
6F7593728A635C27AB09248252BE1220.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Almost all Finnish records of G. lucida are from ombrotrophic raised bogs. The only exception is the record from Rovaniemi, Lapland (Finland), collected from a pine forest habitat. However, it is typical that insect species that are specific to bogs or moorlands in the south extend their habitat preferences to open forests or heathlands in the north. Gymnocheta viridis is also sometimes recorded from bogs, so the habitat is not a reliable indicator for the species. Similarly, the habitats in Uppland are best described as ombrotrophic bogs separated by different types of coniferous woodlands. The bogs partly covered with dwarfed pine trees, and a scrub layer dominated by Vaccinium uliginosum, Rhododendron tomentosum, Myrica gale, Calluna vulgaris, and Betula nana. The coniferous area surrounding the bogs consists discontinuously of rocky outcrops densely covered by different lichens, i. e., Cladonia sp. and Cetraria islandica, and old pine trees, and sinks also with old pine trees and single spruces; the scrub layer here is dominated by Vaccinium myrtillus but also with elements of Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Rhododendron tomentosum, and Vaccinium uliginosum. The three collection sites of Kallkaellmyran, Keutatjape, and Sasnnekape are located just south of the Arctic Circle in Jokkmokk, Lule Lappmark (Sweden). They have been described as rich to medium rich fens in the coniferous zone near Jokkmokk (Engelmark and Engelmark 1989). These minerotrophic fens are fed with ferriferous groundwater and the complex vegetation is characterised by Saxifraga hirculus. Males appear in late May and individuals are first and foremost observed in small sunlit clearings in the sinks between the rocky outcrops, sitting on leaves and twigs of blueberries apparently watching for approaching females. Some of these clearings likely represent hot spots for aggregation. These are frequently attended by males that fly out sporadically from time to time in response to another passing male, but in one of these hot spots mating was observed on two occasions. One male was collected when visiting the flowers of Rhododendron tomentosum. Females appear around second week of June and they are, apart from the ones observed in copula, found on the edge of the bogs close to the rocky outcrops. They have been observed between late June to mid-July in characteristic slow, searching flight, low in the vegetation often just a couple of inches above the moss layer, examining tufts of sedges and shrubs, such as Vaccinium uliginosum and Betula nana. The hosts are currently unknown but concealed larvae of Noctuidae or Erebiidae (Lepidoptera), living in the habitats described above, are most likely.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
B16C638FBF205A5BBC59D94E10662CE3.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Russia: Lectotype ♂, by designation of Richter (1981: 917). Type locality: Ushch. Sutseuktz, yu. - a. Kentei, Mongoliya, konets V. 1924 (Kozlov). Mongolia, Hentiy Aimag [as " Kentei " in Russian], Sutszukte. Not examined. Sweden: (4 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀) 1 ♀: SE, UP, Arsta / Slavsta, O 1606484 N 6639427, 16. vi. 1980, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♀♀: SE, UP, Kvarnbo, O 1598600 N 6637685, 6. vi. 1982, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: SE, UP, Ekebydalen, O 1600268 N 6637514, 6. vii. 1983, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂: SE, UP, Skogsaengen, Nasten, O 6636152 N 1597099, 11. vi. 1986, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀: SE, UP, Skogsaengen, Nasten, O 6636152 N 1597099, 22. vi. 1987, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: SE, UP, Skogsaengen, Nasten, O 6636152 N 1597099, 27. vi. 1987, leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]. Finland: (2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀) 1 ♂: Ostrobottnia media, Raahe, Hakotauri, 64.7002; 24.4736, 3. vii. 2006, K. Varpenius leg. (BOLD Sample-ID JP 00229, GenBank accession number KX 844302) [TMNH] - 1 ♂: Finland, Karelia borealis, Ilomantsi, Ilajansuo, 62.915455; 31.201721, 20. vi. 2013, J. Pohjoismaeki leg. [JPC]; 1 ♀: Ostrobottnia kajanensis, Kuhmo, Ulvinsalo, 63.973506; 30.319950, 22. vi. 2019, J. Pohjoismaeki leg. [JPC]; 1 ♀: Regio Aboensis, Mietoinen, Perkko, 6733: 3222, 9. v. - 16. vi. 2004, A. Haarto leg. [AHC]; 1 ♀: Tavastia australis: Paelkaene, 6807: 3353, 27. vi. 1993, Y. Ranta leg. [AHC]. Japan: (2 ♂♂, 1 ♀) 1 ♂: [KYUSHU] / Takachiho-mine / Kagoshima pref. // VI- 7 - 1960 / H. Shima leg. (handwritten) // Gymnochaetopsis / magna Zimin / det. H. Shima 2020 [BLKU]; 1 ♂: [KYUSHU] / Mt. Takachiho / Kagoshima // 16. vi. 1968 / A. Nakanishi (handwritten) // Gymnochaetopsis / magna Zimin / det. H. Shima 2020 [BLKU]; 1 ♀: [HONSHU] / Niigata / Myokokgen-sho / Sasagamine / 22. vi. 1996 / T. Tachi [BLKU]. Diagnosis. A lucid green Gymnocheta species with a notably protruding lower facial margin and green femora. This is also the only European Gymnocheta species with short costal spines.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
B16C638FBF205A5BBC59D94E10662CE3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Widely distributed in the Palaearctic Region (O'Hara et al. 2009). Gymnocheta magna is a relatively rare but widespread species in northern Europe. It was recorded as new to Sweden in Hedstroem (1985) and to Norway in Haraldseide (2012). It was listed from Finland in the checklist by Hackman (1980). The oldest specimen in MZH is from 1865, from Finland.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
B16C638FBF205A5BBC59D94E10662CE3.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The biology of Gymnocheta magna is poorly known. This is a summer species in the Nordic countries with a flight time from early June to mid-July. It is not a heathland specialist as suggested by some sparse records from Central Europe (Tschorsnig and Herting 1994), but has also been caught from meadows, forest margins and gardens (see also Fallen's notes below). Both sexes visit flowers, especially those of cow parsnip, Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) and caraway, Carum carvi L. Females have been observed basking on aspen leaves. Hosts are unknown but are likely to be concealed larvae of Erebidae (Lepidoptera); see G. viridis.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
77B7C0005A505F1191F9C16A0E4393F6.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Holotype ♂ with a Fallen faded handwritten ink label reading (Fig. 1 F): Tachina / viridis / ♂ Fallen. It also bears the following labels: Holotype ♂ / Tachina / viridis Fallen, 1810 / det. Bergstroem 2003 // Gymnocheta ♂ / Tachina (Fallen) / = magna Zimin SYN. N. / det. Bergstroem 2003. [NHRS, catalogue number NHRS-GULI 000070873]. Sweden: (53 ♂♂, 16 ♀♀): ♂ (Fig. 1 A): 3 / 2007 (red frame) // SE, UP, Uppsala, / Flogsta, Ekebydalen / O 1600393 N 6637642 / 2007 - 04 - 30 / leg. Christer Bergstroem // Gymnocheta viridis (Fallen) / J. Pohjoismaeki & / C. Bergstroem 2021 [NHRS]. 3 ♂♂: SE, SOe, Katrineholm, / Warbro, Hammarvik / O 15405 N 65458 1983 - 05 - 30 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀: SE, SOe, Katrineholm, / Warbro, Hammarvik / O 15405 N 65458 1985 - 05 - 25 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 6 ♂♂: SE, SOe, Katrineholm, / Warbro, Hammarvik / O 15405 N 65458 1985 - 05 - 26 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♂♂: SE, SOe, Katrineholm, / Warbro, Hammarvik / O 15405 N 65458 1985 - 05 - 27 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀: SE, SOe, Katrineholm, / Warbro, Hammarvik / O 15405 N 65458 1986 - 05 - 17 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: SE, SOe, Katrineholm, / Warbro, Hammarvik / O 15405 N 65458 1987 - 06 - 21 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: SE, UP, Flogsta / Ekebydalen, / O 16007 N 66375 2000 - 06 - 15 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂: SE, UP Flogsta / Ekebydalen, / O 16007 N 66375 2000 - 05 - 11 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂: SE, UP, Enkoeping, / Fanoe herrgard / O 15890 N 66069 2001 - 05 - 13 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 5 ♂♂: SE, UP, Uppsala naes fg. / Saetrasjoen / O 1594026 N 6634171 2001 - 05 - 10 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 8 ♂♂: SE, UP, Enkoeping, / Fanoe herrgard / O 15890 N 66069 2001 - 05 - 27 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♂♂: UP, Uppsala naes fg. / Saetrasjoen / O 1594026 N 6634171 2001 - 06 - 01 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀: SE, UP, Uppsala naes fg. / Saetrasjoen / O 1594026 N 6634171 2001 - 06 - 03 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 3 ♂♂: 1381,1384, 1387 (red labels) // SE, UP, Uppsala naes fg. / Saetrasjoen / O 1594300 N 6634400 2001 - 06 - 03 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]. 3 ♂♂: 1 ♀, SE, UP, Nasten / Skogsaengen / O 1597099 N 6636152 2001 - 06 - 07 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC] (2 dissected); 2 ♂♂: SE, UP, Nasten / Skogsaengen / O 1597099 N 6636152 2005 - 05 - 13 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 3 ♂♂: 4, 6, 7 / 2007 (red frame) // SE, UP, Uppsala, / Flogsta, Ekebydalen / O 1600393 N 6637642 / 2007 - 04 - 30 / leg. Christer Bergstroem [NHRS]; 4 ♂♂: 2, 5, 8, 9 / 2007 (red frame) // SE, UP, Uppsala, / Flogsta, Ekebydalen / O 1600393 N 6637642 / 2007 - 04 - 30 / leg. Christer Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♂♂: SE, VRM, Kristinehamn / O 1401300 N 6583100 1980 - 06 - 13 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 2 ♀♀: SE, OEL, S. Moeckleby / " Kalkstensbrottet " / O 1537800 N 6245300 2000 - 06 - 03 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♀: SE, OEL, Segerstad / Seby strand / O 1545800 N 6245500 2002 - 05 - 18 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 1 ♂: SE, OEL, Smedby sn. / Eckelsudde / O 1537100 N 6254400 2002 - 05 - 18 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]; 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀: SE, OEL, Kastloesa sn. / Bredaeng / O 1535100 N 6260300 2002 - 05 - 19 - 20 / leg. C. Bergstroem [CBC]. Finland: 6 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, including GenBank accession numbers: KX 84393 [MZH], KX 844485, KX 844383 [TMNH, rest of the specimens JPC]. Germany: 4 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀, Hessen and Nordrhein-Westfalen, including GenBank accession numbers: KX 844199, KX 843822 [both TMNH, rest of the specimens JPC].	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
749C91A3CBC65F1CB5BC8A104E82E408.taxon	materials_examined	Material. Russia: ♂: Yuzhnye Kurily, Iturup, Rybaki, 5 km SW Kurilska, V. Rikhter, 23. VI. 1968 [Southern Kurils, Iturup, Ribaki, 5 km SW Kurilsk, V. Richter, 23. VI. 1968], det. V. Richter. Dissected by V. Richter [ZIN]. Examined from high quality photographs, including the terminalia. Japan: ♂: JAPAN / Mt. Muine / Sapporo / HOKKAIDO / 20 Jun. 1974 / K. Nishida // Gymnochaeta / zhelochovtsevi? / Zimin (handwritten) / det. H. Shima 1982 [BLKU]; ♂: JAPAN / Hokkaido / Churui Vil. Haruyama / 1 Jul. 1993 / A. Kuromoto // Gymnocheta ♂ / zhelochovtsevi Zimin / det. C. Bergstroem 2020 [BLKU]. Dissected. Finland: ♂: Regio aboensis, Salo, Halikko, Perkko, 67158 - 60: 32853 - 8, 12. vi. 2020, A. Haarto leg. [AHC], BOLD Sample-ID JP 2020 - G 1; ♂: Karelia australis, Vehkalahti, 18. vi. 1966, L. Tiensuu leg. Dissected. [MZH]; ♀: Regio aboensis, Korppoo, 66840: 31958, malaise, 19. vi. - 22. vii. 2003. A. Haarto leg. Dissected. BOLD Sample-ID JP 2020 - G 2; 2 ♀♀: Regio aboensis, Salo, Halikko, Perkko, 671604: 328551, 12. - 28. vi. 2020, malaise, Haarto leg. [AHC]; 1 ♀: Regio aboensis, Salo, Halikko, Perkko, 67158 - 60: 32853 - 8, 28. vi. 2020, A. Haarto leg. [AHC]. Sweden: 1 ♀: S. Vb: Umea: Tavelan: / Oestra Tjaelamark; malaise / RT 90 70952, 17177 / 10. v. - 16. vi. 2016 / S. Hellqvist 14947 // Gymnocheta ♀ / zhelochovtsevi Zimin / det. C. Bergstroem 2020 [CBC].	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
749C91A3CBC65F1CB5BC8A104E82E408.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Gymnocheta zhelochovtsevi is characterised by a dark, almost black metallic green, wide frons in both sexes, and a hooked syncercus in the male. Redescription. Body length: 9.2 - 10.4 mm (n = 7). Male (Figs 2 D, 4 C, Eiv, 5 A: iv, B: iv, C: iv). Colouration: Head covered with dense greyish or yellowish white microtomentum. The metallic ground colour is only weakly shining through, similar as is seen with G. lucida. Facial plate black without a metallic green spot. Occiput, postgena, genal dilation, ocellar triangle and frontal plate almost black in ground colour, although a hint of dark metallic bronze-green shine can be seen with changing light incidence. Palpus clypeus and prementum black, labella dark brown. Thorax and abdomen dark metallic green in ground colour, not as lucid as in G. magna or G. viridis and covered with indistinct greyish white microtomentum. Scutum, when viewed from the side and slightly from behind, with four pronounced longitudinal stripes of microtomentum, changing from grey to purple depending on the direction of the incident light. Proepisternum black and with thin grey microtomentum. Legs extensively black, but fore coxa in anterodorsal region and sometimes also femora with remnants of metallic shine, covered with light grey microtomentum. Wing membrane around crossvein r-m not infuscated. Head (Fig. 2 A): Frons at its narrowest point, 0.53 - 0.68 (n = 5) x as wide as an eye in dorsal view. Frontal vitta almost parallel-sided in anterior part hardly tapering until closely before ocellar tubercle. Head in profile protruding at level of antennal insertion, width of parafacial at this level ca. 0.65 - 0.75 x (n = 2) the horizontal eye diameter. Fronto-orbital plate with a row of 10 - 12 medioclinate moderately strong frontal setae and some additional setulae, uppermost setula tiny and sometimes slightly reclinate, four or five setae extend to the middle of the pedicel with the row curving laterally; fronto-orbital plate outside the frontal row of setae with 4 - 10 sparsely spread, short and tiny setulae. Height of face 0.8 - 0.9 x the length of frons (n = 2). Gena in profile at narrowest point, 0.4 - 0.5 (n = 2) x as high as vertical eye diameter. Facial plate and lower facial margin not visible in profile. Facial ridge on less than lower 1 / 5 with one or two strong, two additional thinner supravibrissal setae, and four or five setulae. Ridge below vibrissa with 3 - 5 strong subvibrissal setae continuous with the genal setae, longest ca. 0.6 x the length of vibrissa. Inner vertical setae strong and crossed, longer than the ocellar setae; outer vertical setae subequal with inner vertical setae, distinctly stronger than the postocular setae. Postocular setae short and barely bending forward over the eyes. Occiput with a pair of postocellar setae, weaker that the outer vertical setae, thinner but longer than the postocular setae. Palpus slightly clavate at tip, subequal to the length of the antenna and densely covered with short black setulae, two strong preapical setulae and 4 - 5 irregular ventral setulae. Antenna: Pedicel subtriangular and with one elongate seta, 1.2 - 1.5 x as long as wide at apex (n = 4). First flagellomere 1.5 - 1.7 x (n = 5) as long as the pedicel, in profile subrectangular, rounded at apex; maximal width in profile as wide (0.9 - 1.1) (n = 2) as parafacial at narrowest point. Eyes sparsely covered with, compared with the other species, relatively short whitish hairs with a yellowish tint. Thorax: Prosternum bare. 2 (3) + 3 acrostichal, 3 + 4 dorsocentral and 1 + 3 intra-alar setae. Ground vestiture on scutum (consisting of thin setulae) sparse and erect, longest setulae 0.5 - 0.6 x as long as the shortest setae, anteriorly shorter, at most 0.3 x the length of the setae. Scutellum with four pairs of strong marginal setae, mixed with some shorter and weaker marginal setae / setulae, almost horizontal with the plane of scutellum, apical setae missing; subapical setae close to the apex, parallel or slightly diverging, two lateral pairs and one basal pair; four suberect preapical discal setae, forming a row in front of the marginal setae, the strongest pair in the middle sometimes subequal to the lateral setae, mixed with numerous tiny setulae the longest at least 1 / 2 as long as the strong preapical setae. Legs: Claws and pulvilli on fore legs ca. 1.0 (n = 3) x as long as tarsal segment 5, the latter 2.0 (n = 3) x as long as tarsal segment 4. Fore tibia with a row of 5 - 7 anterodorsal setae, 3 - 5 setae in an irregular posterodorsal row and two posterior setae; preapical anterodorsal seta well developed, subequal with the preapical dorsal and preapical posterior setae. Mid tibia with a row of five anterodorsal setae the strongest in the middle, four or five posterodorsal setae, two or three posterior setae, one strong ventral seta accompanied by a shorter seta above. Preapical anterodorsal seta of the hind tibia subequal to the preapical dorsal seta, preapical anteroventral seta 1 / 2 the length of anterodorsal seta; a continuous irregular row of 8 - 10 anterodorsal setae, three or four posterodorsal setae and three or four anteroventral setae. Wing: One or two costal spines, the strongest lower spine 2 - 3 x as long as the surrounding costal setulae. Fourth and fifth costal section ca. 2 x as long as sixth costal sector. Vein R 4 + 5 at node with four ventral and three or four dorsal setulae. Cell r 4 + 5 often somewhat narrow at wing edge, 0.8 x the length of crossvein r-m. Abdomen (Fig. 4 C): Domed, ground-vestiture prone or semierect on tergite 5, also ventrally. Tergite 2 with two lateral setae on each side. Tergite 3 with two pairs of median discal setae; with a pair of median marginal setae and two or three lateral setae on each side. Tergite 4 similarly with two or three pairs of unequally and irregularly set strong median discal setae, in dorsal view with a full row of 10 - 12 marginal setae. Tergite 5 with two or three irregular rows of unequally strong discal setae and a row of strong marginal setae. Terminalia (three dissections) (Figs 4 C, Eiv, 5 A: iv, B: iv, C: iv): Sternite 5 (Fig. 4 C, Eiv) in ventral view with long and wide lobes; length of medial cleft 1.3 - 1.4 x its maximal width. Lobes with numerous setulae, apex in ventral view rounded in a ventral and slightly lateral view with a subtriangular appearance. Dorsomedial process long and narrow, indistinct, and visible only as a callosity, along its length connected with the lobes. Basal plate bare, ca. 0.4 x as long as sternite 5 and 2.6 - 2.7 x as wide as long. Syncercus in profile (Fig. 5 A: iv) dorsally strongly bowed in the middle and with a characteristic tooth-like hook at the apex, reminiscing of the situation in Gymnocheta porphyrophora Zimin (1958); in caudal view (Fig. 5 B: iv) subtriangular with long basal lobes and a widened apex; dorsolateral with numerous long setulae that generate a dense and fur-like hairiness. Surstylus (Fig. 5 A: iv) bacilliform, straight in caudal view, in profile gradually tapering at base, then slightly arch-like bent at middle; evenly thick apart from an indicated widening at apex, bent towards syncercus. Pregonite rodlike in caudal view; lobe-like in profile (Fig. 5 C: iv) with a wide hook-like projection apically, shortly tapering at apex. Aedeagus: Basiphallus with a basal projection and a distinct digitiform epiphallus, resembling the preceding species. Distiphallus (Fig. 5 C: iv) in profile compact and evenly wide. Female (Figs 3 D, 6 A: iv, B: iv): Differs from male as follows: Colouration: Fronto-orbital plate almost entirely metallic dark green when viewed from behind and slightly from above; the metallic ground colour at least partly interrupted on the upper part of parafacial. However, most of the metallic ground colour on upper part of parafacial and anterior 1 / 3 of fronto-orbital plate is covered by greyish white microtomentum, which is dense especially along eye margin and frontal setae. Head (Fig. 3 D): Frons wider, at its narrowest point 0.8 - 1.0 (n = 4) x as wide as an eye in dorsal view. Frontal vitta wide and with parallel edges in anterior 1 / 2 and then slightly tapering towards ocellar tubercle, its width at ocellar tubercle exceeding the width of fronto-orbital plate at this point. Fronto-orbital plate normally with fewer, 6 - 9 moderately strong medioclinate frontal setae. Outer vertical setae strong and 0.6 - 0.7 x the length of inner vertical setae, stronger than ocellar setae. Postocellar setae subequal with the upper postocular setae. First flagellomere 1.3 - 1.5 (n = 4) x as long as pedicel, normally as wide as, or slightly wider than the parafacial at narrowest point. Thorax: Whitish grey microtomentum normally thinner than in males, most intense on the pleura and episternum. Legs: Claws and pulvilli on fore legs shorter ca. 0.7 - 0.8 (n = 5) x as long as tarsal segment 5, the latter 1.5 - 1.6 (n = 5) x as long as tarsal segment 4. Abdomen: Tergites 3 and 4 with one or two pairs of median discal setae. Tergite 5 trapezoid, along anterior margin ca. 2 x as wide as long, posterior edge concave (blunt or pointed in G. lucida). Sternite 5 slightly wider than long, with 4 strong setae along posterior margin (Fig. 6 A: iv). Terminalia (one dissection) (Fig. 6 A: i, B: i): Tergite 6 divided into narrow and somewhat elongated hemitergites, widely separated, each closely accompanied by a pair of setulae at posterior margin. Sternite 6 shorter, 0.5 x as long and 1.2 x as wide as sternite 5 (n = 1), with ca. 10 tiny setulae along the posterior margin. Tergite 7 strongly reduced. Sternite 7 semi-spherical, ca. as long but slightly narrower than sternite 6, with numerous setulae most of them tiny, restricted to the posterior margin. Sternite 8 strongly reduced, partly hidden below sternite 7. Hypoproct (Fig. 6 B: iv) in ventral view almost triangular, pointed, apex only slightly rounded, densely covered with setulae that are longer laterally; in profile slightly bent towards the cerci, apex of hypoproct not reaching the tip of cerci. Cerci elongated, with numerous setulae of varying length, the strongest setulae in profile subequal to the length of sternite 7.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
749C91A3CBC65F1CB5BC8A104E82E408.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Like G. lucida, G. zhelochovtsevi had been thought to be an Eastern Palaearctic species (Richter 2004). So far, the only records from Europe are the ones listed here from the southern and southwestern coast of Finland and from Sweden.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
749C91A3CBC65F1CB5BC8A104E82E408.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. The specimens from Halikko were collected from a flood meadow adjacent to a meandering stream. The meadow is characterised mainly by tall grass and sedges, surrounded by shrub of willows (Salix spp.) and bird cherry (Prunus padus L.). One male and one female were hand netted from the flowers of Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) and two females were collected with a Malaise trap. The female specimen from Korppoo was caught in a Malaise trap in a seashore meadow, surrounded by shrub of meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L. )) and alders (Alnus spp.). The Swedish specimen was collected in a Malaise trap, placed close to the calmly flowing, slightly meandering, ca. 5 m wide Tavelan River. The trap was placed in overgrowth known as " raningsmark "; i. e., grassland long ago used as a hay meadow or grazing but now characterised by bush wood with meadow glades between the shrubbery.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
DCB8AEE31584507DAA8629891C1E8E50.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. A common, vivid metallic green Gymnocheta with strong costal spines and narrow frons in male.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
DCB8AEE31584507DAA8629891C1E8E50.taxon	distribution	Distribution. A widely distributed and common species in the Palaearctic Region, including all of Europe, Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), Middle East, all of Russia and Transcaucasia (Richter 2004; O'Hara et al. 2009). It is possible that at least some northern records of the species, at least from the Taiga region in the Nordic countries, represent G. lucida.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
DCB8AEE31584507DAA8629891C1E8E50.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Gymnocheta viridis is a common spring-early summer species, often numerous at the right locations. Typical habitats include forest margins and meadows, but the species is frequently seen also in gardens. The males start their flight in early April in Central Europe and around end of April to early June in the north. The last female records in Finland are from mid-July. Males are frequently observed basking on tree trunks and watching for passing females. Both sexes can be collected from flowers, especially on cow parsnip (Anthriscus sylvestris), but also from other Daucaceae. The species is a known parasitoid of Erebidae (Lepidoptera) living in grass tufts, such as Mesapamea secalis Linnaeus and Photedes minima Haworth (Tschorsnig 2017). The females can be frequently seen in meandering flight in the low vegetation and investigating tufts of grass or sedges in search for a host.	en	Pohjoismaeki, Jaakko, Bergstroem, Christer (2021): Review of the Nordic Gymnocheta Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) with report of two species new to Europe. ZooKeys 1053: 145-184, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.52761
