identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
978FA53C235B4ABF4652D1925D22404C.text	978FA53C235B4ABF4652D1925D22404C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza abiens Zetterstedt 1848	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza abiens Zetterstedt</p>
            <p>Figs 139-142</p>
            <p> Agromyza abiens Zetterstedt, 1848: 2747. Hendel 1931: 147 [as synonym of  Agromyza rufipes Meigen]; Spencer 1963d: 3 [stat. reinst.], 1972: 35, 1976: 88. </p>
            <p> Agromyza echii Kaltenbach, 1860: 217. Spencer 1963d [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 3.6-4.1 mm (♂), 4.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.6-5.3 (up to 10.0 in German material examined). First flagellomere slightly elongate with distal margin covered with tuft of dense, pale hairs. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial slightly produced, curving under eye as distinct cheek. Ocellar triangle hemispherical in outline. Epistoma relatively large to narrow. Thorax and abdomen with light greyish pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori, two ors. Four to six dorsocentrals (four in Nearctic specimen), slightly decreasing in size anteriorly (more so presuturally). Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with halter white and gena and parafacial light brown; lunule, pedicel, scape and frons (between narrow fronto-orbital plates) brownish orange; first flagellomere orange with deeper brown tint past base, sometimes mostly brown; palpus brownish; posterior 1/3-1/2 of frons sometimes darker; ocellar triangle dark brown, distinct, slightly larger than tubercle; notopleuron slightly paler than rest of notum. Calypter margin and hairs white. Examined European material with paler parts of head lighter orange, parafacial and posterior parts of frons darker, thorax reddish, palpus reddish orange and lunule yellow. Wing veins light brown; coxae and femora paler brown with apices of latter yellow; tibiae and tarsi light brownish orange.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 139-142) Surstylus entirely fused to epandrium and with several tubercle-like setae on inner face (concentrated posteriorly). Hypandrium produced at apex. Postgonite broad and flat apically with inner-medial swelling. Phallophorus elongate and narrow, interlocking and partially fused to basiphallus. Left 1/2 of basiphallus short, arising apically from phallophorus; right 1/2 of basiphallus broad basally and with thin curved apical section; apices of both halves abruptly converging. Hypophallus small and membranous with lightly sclerotised medial section. Mesophallus not much longer than wide, rounded and slightly flattened basally, and with several basal, lateral and anteromedial extensions; distiphallus separate, not much longer than wide, cup-like with internal fringe of hairs and basal 1/2 more abruptly narrowed. Ejaculatory apodeme asymmetrical, with distal margin irregular and medial rib offset and annulated.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Boraginaceae -  Aegonycho ,  Amsinckia (?),  Anchusa ,  Asperugo ,  Borago ,  Brunnera ,  Buglossoides ,  Cerinthe ,  Cynoglossum ,  Echium ,  Lappula ,  Lindelofia ,  Lithospermum ,  Lycopsis ,  Myosotis ,  Nonea ,  Omphalodes ,  Onosma ,  Pentaglottis ,  Pulmonaria ,  Podonosma ,  Pulmonaria ,  Solenanthus ,  Symphytum (Spencer 1976; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Ellis 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: VA*. Europe.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Agromyza abiens ]: Sweden. Scania ad Tranas, Esperod, Ostra Torp. [Not examined - one ST labeled as lectotype (Spencer, 1963d)] </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Agromyza echii ]: Germany [not given]. [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  England.  Hampstead , 26.vi.1954, em. 2.viii.[19]54, CNC352640 (1♀, CNC)  .   Germany. Thuringen: H. Buhr, mine an  Cynoglossum Taraxacum officinale , vii.1964, Hering, CNC352639, No. 2034 (1♂ 1♀ [with puparia], CNC). Europe. [illegible], 20.vii.1953, em. 11.viii.[19]53, CNC352638 (1♂, CNC), [illegible] viii.1908 (2♂ 1♀, USNM)  .   USA. VA:  Strausberg , 21.ix.1980, W.H. Rowe (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The Virginia male recorded here is the first Nearctic instance of this otherwise European species, which feeds on a wide range of  Boraginaceae . The irregular, uneven basiphallus, the distinct mesophallus and the cup-like distiphallus with an inner fringe of hairs are characteristic. Externally, this species is relatively large with a white male calypter, it has five fronto-orbitals, a relatively pale head and the apical third of the first flagellomere is densely covered in pale hairs. Morphology is incredibly similar to  Agromyza pseudoreptans Nowakowski, which also occurs in Europe and North America and may occur in the Delmarva states, but the distiphallus is distinctly longer than wide (not as long as wide) and is similarly constricted dorsoapically (not broadly domed, as illustrated in previous works). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/978FA53C235B4ABF4652D1925D22404C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
38923B5CF4E6ABC71684C106F346154D.text	38923B5CF4E6ABC71684C106F346154D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza albipennis Meigen 1830	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza albipennis Meigen</p>
            <p>Figs 34, 143-146</p>
            <p> Agromyza albipennis Meigen, 1830: 171. Spencer 1969: 32; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 262;  Černý et al. 2020: 194. </p>
            <p> Agromyza dubitata Malloch, 1913a: 311. Frick 1953: 68 [as synonym  Agromyza reptans Fallén ], 1957: 199 [as synonym  Agromyza nigripes Meigen]. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [syn.]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza albo-hyalinata Zetterstedt, 1848: 2742. Griffiths 1963 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza albipennis fennica Griffiths, 1963: 128. Spencer 1976 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.1-2.9 mm (♂), 2.5-3.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.6-5.6. First flagellomere relatively elongate with dorsoapical corner slightly pointed; velvety with small apical tuft of dense pale hairs (only distinct when viewed anteriorly). Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial slightly pronounced, curving under eye as cheek. Ocellar triangle reaching level of anterior ors, sides concave.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ors, two or three ori (if three, anterior seta smaller). Four postsutural dorsocentrals, anterior two much shorter. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body black with halter white and wing veins paler and fore knee sometimes very narrowly yellow. Calypter margin and hairs white. Faint greenish shine sometimes evident, mostly on abdomen.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 143-146) Surstylus broad and triangular, entirely fused to epandrium, margin darkly pigmented, setae clustered at apex and inner margin with several medial to subapical tubercle-like setae. Inner lobe of hypandrium with furrows leading to base of setae. Postgonite small, flat, lobe-like. Halves of basiphallus converging to point of fusion at base; apices abruptly converging; right 1/2 with long membranous extension at midpoint. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution), with sides parallel medially, one pair of elongate parallel dark ventromedial swellings, and a slightly broadened apical margin with inner surface minutely spinulose; slightly angled dorsally. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Triticum aestivum (only known North American host),  Agrostis ,  Arrhenatherum ,  Brachypodium ,  Bromus ,  Calamagrostis ,  Dactylis ,  Deschampsia ,  Festuca ,  Glyceria ,  Hordeum ,  Milium ,  Phalaris ,  Phalaroides (Ellis 2021),  Phleum ,  Poa ,  Secale ,  Setaria . In Europe, most commonly occurring on  Phalaria arundinacea ,  Hordeum and  Poa (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, BC, MB, NB*, NL, NS*, NT, NU*, ON, QC, SK*, YT*. USA: AK, CA, CO, DC*, IA, IL, MA, MD*, MI, NC*, NY, OH, PA*, SC*. Widespread in Palaearctic (  Černý et al 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Syntype [  Agromyza albipennis ]: Austria [not given] (1♀, NMW). [Not examined]. </p>
            <p> Syntype [  Agromyza dubitata ]: USA. MA: Beverly (1♀, USNM; two females reported in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p> [  Agromyza dubitata ]: Canada. QC: Beaulieu, Ile de Montreal, 14.vii.1906 (1♀, USNM), Ottawa [illegible], Beaulieu, 20.vii.1912,  “13” (1♀, USNM), Cottage Beaulieu, Beaulieu, 16.vii.1906,  “15” (1♀, USNM), Cottage Beaulieu, Beaulieu, 21.viii.1906,  “19” (1♀, USNM), Cottage Beaulieu, Beaulieu, 10.vi.1906, "21 0" (1♀, USNM). USA. MA: Beverly, 23.viii.1969 (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Agromyza albo -  Agromyza hyalinata ]: "Ovasa ad Esperod Scaniae  … Dania" (? ZIL). [Not examined]. </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza albipennis Agromyza fennica ]: Finland. Messuby (1♂, UZMH). [Not examined]. </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Black Foot Hills, 9.viii.1940, A.R. Brooks, CNC352861 (1♀, CNC), Lethbridge, 27.vi.1923, H.L. Seamans, CNC352860 (1♀, CNC), Banff Natl. Pk., Lk. Louise, 1402 m, 7.vii.1955, R. Coyles, CNC352693 (1♀, CNC), Banff, Jasper Hwy, Sunwapta Pass, 2011 m, 7.vii.1955, R. Coyles, CNC352692 (1♀, CNC), Elkwater, 11.vi.1956, CNC352652 (1♂, CNC), Onefour, 49°6'0"N, 110°24'0"W, 4.vi.1955, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352653, CNC352654 (2♂, CNC), Elk Island N.P. Wood Bison Trail wetland alongside aspen forest, lots of tall grass, 53.5666°N, 112.8514°W, 722 m, BIOBus, 1.vii.2012, BIOUG06731-D05 (1♂, CNC), Waterton Lakes NP, Highway 6 pulloff east of 2 Flags Lookout montane forest, douglas fir and lodgepole pine (mostly conifer with aspen/birch understory), 49.065°N, 113.7781°W, 1562 m, BIOBus, 11.viii.2012, BIOUG06502-C07 (1♀, CNC), BC: Liard Hot Spg. Mi496 Alaska Hwy, 457 m, 9-10.vii.1959, E.E. MacDougall, CNC352698 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Moosehorn Lake</a>
                 , 58°10'0"N, 132°7'0"W, 1371 m, 25.vii.1960, R. Pilfrey, CNC352658 (1♂, CNC), Summit L., Mi392 Alaska Hwy, 1402 m, 16.vii.1959, E.E. MacDougall, CNC352699 (1♀, CNC), Terrace, 10.vi.1960, 5.vi.1960, C.H. Mann, CNC352655, CNC352656, CNC352657, CNC352697 (3♂ 1♀, CNC), Vernon, 3.ix.1931, R.D. Bird, CNC352651, 2s37, IV 31 (1♂, CNC), Bobson, 6.v.1952, H.R. Foxlee, CNC352862 (1♀, CNC), Oliver, 20.v.1923, C.B. Garrett, CNC352863 (1♀, CNC), Vernon, 31.vii.1937, H. Leech, CNC352864 (1♀, CNC), Victoria, 20.v.1919, W. Downes, CNC352844 (1♂, CNC), MB: Minnedosa, 5mi N, 8.vii.1958, R.L. Hurley, CNC352690 (1♀, CNC), Shilo, 5mi SW, 28.v.1958, R.B. Madge, CNC352663 (1♂, CNC), Western MB,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">
Riding 
Mountain Nat. Pk. - North Escarpment Trailhead</a>
                 wet meadow/marsh, 50.674°N, 99.65°W, 726 m, J. Straka, J. Crossey, 15.viii.2008, 08BDIP-1973 (1♀, CNC), Aweme, 26.vi.1916, N. Criddle, CNC352842 (2♂, CNC), 28.viii.1917, CNC352843 (1♂, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 8.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, Code-6020N, CNC352688, CNC352689 (2♀, CNC), NL: Gros Morne;  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">
Gros Morne 
Mountain Hiking Trail</a>
                 , 49.5657°N, 57.8324°W, 39 m, J. Crossey, R. Labbee, A. Smith, M. Zhang, 15.vii.2009, 09BBEDI-0938 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">
St. 
John's</a>
                 , Agric. Exp. Sta., 12.vii.1967, 15.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353033, CNC353041, CNC353042 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), NS: Kentville, 22.viii.1912, from tortricid larva on apple, [illegible], CNC352650 (1♂, CNC), NT: Ft. McPherson, 19.vii.1957, R. Hurley, CNC352695 (1♀, CNC), NU: [N.W.T.] Muskox L., 64°45'0"N, 108°10'0"W, 2.viii.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352696 (1♀, CNC), ON: Almonte, 18.v.1951, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352679 (1♀, CNC), Hailerbury, 12.viii.1947, G.S. Walley, CNC352646 (1♂, CNC), Marmora, 1.vi.1952, 13.v.1952, J.C. Mitchell, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352674, CNC352675, CNC352676 (3♀, CNC), Maynooth, 25.v.1951, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352677 (1♀, CNC), Minnedosa, 5mi N, 8.vii.1958, R.L. Hurley, CNC352691 (1♀, CNC), Normandale, 42°42'0"N, 80°19'0"W, 27.v.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352645 (1♂, CNC), 29.v.1956, J.R. Lonsway, CNC352678 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 8.vii.1952, G.E. Shewell, CNC352647 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Port Hope</a>
                 , 25.v.1925, N.K. Bigelow, CNC352680 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Port Severn</a>
                 , 3mi N, 18.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352681 (1♀, CNC), Putnam, 26.vi.1925, G.S. Walley, CNC352644 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">St. Williams</a>
                 , 42°40'0"N, 80°25'0"W, 23.v.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352649 (1♂, CNC), Turkey Pt., 42°39'0"N, 80°21'0"W, 25.v.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352683 (1♀, CNC), Brockville, 5.viii.1903, W. Metcalfe, CNC352847 (1♀, CNC), Cottage Beaulieu, 16.vii.1906, 145, CNC352854 (1♀, CNC), Mer Bleue, 10.v.1938, G.E. Shewell, CNC352834 (1♂, CNC), Norway Point,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Lake of Bays</a>
                 , 31.vii.1919, J. McDunnough, CNC352851 (1♀, CNC), Orillia, 18.vii.1923, C.H. Curran, CNC352848 (1♀, CNC), 17.viii.1923, CNC352850 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 15.vii.1938, A. Brooks, CNC352830 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 11.ix.1947, G.E. Shewell, CNC352829 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, A. Brooks, 5.vii.1938, CNC352852 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 27.vii.1912, Beaulieu, CNC352853 (2♂ 2♀, CNC), Pt. Ryerse, 1.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC352835 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">St. Johns</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Little Montreal River</a>
                 , 9.vii.1937, G.E. Shewell, CNC352855 (1♀, CNC), Simcoe, 8.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC352849 (1♀, CNC), Simcoe, G.E. Shewell, 14.vi.1939, CNC352831 (1♂, CNC), Simcoe, G.E. Shewell, 22.vi.1939, CNC352832 (1♂, CNC), Simcoe, G.E. Shewell, 29.v.1939, CNC352833 (3♂ 1♀, CNC), Metcalfe, 2mi N, 10.vi.1982, B.E. Cooper, CNC353037 (1♂, CNC), Metcalfe, 25.v.1983, B.E. Cooper, CNC353038 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, damp second-growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 15.viii.2003, 20.vii.1974, 29.vi.1991, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353032, CNC353035, CNC353036 (2♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Port Severn</a>
                 , 3mi N, black spruce bog, 18.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC353039, CNC353034 (2♂, CNC), QC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Ile de Montreal</a>
                 , 7.vii.1906, Beaulieu, CNC352837 (1♂, CNC), Old Chelsea, 13.vi.1961, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353040 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">St. Johns</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Little Montreal River</a>
                 , 9.vii.1937, G.E. Shewell, CNC352836 (1♂, CNC), Wakefield, 9.vii.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC352838 (1♂, CNC), Woburn, 19.vi.1923, C.H. Curran, CNC352859 (1♀, CNC), Aylmer, 16.vii.1959, C.H. Mann, CNC352684 (1♀, CNC), Farnham, 5.vi.1963, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352642, CNC352682 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Hull, 20.vi.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352685 (1♀, CNC), Indian House L., 20.vii.1954, 27.vi.1954, 27.vii.1954, R. Coyle, R. Coyles, W.R. Richards, CNC352648, CNC352686, CNC352687 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), Knowlton, Bolton Pass, 243 m, 5.vi.1963, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352641 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Mt. Orford</a>
                 , 365 m, 5.vi.1963, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352643 (1♂, CNC), Abbotsford, G. Shewell, 29.v.1936, CNC352839, CNC352858 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Abbotsford, 10.viii.1937, G.E. Shewell, CNC352840 (1♂, CNC), Abbotsford, G. Shewell, 20.viii.1936, CNC352841 (1♂, CNC), 30.v.1936, CNC352857 (1♀, CNC), Abbotsford, 20.v.1931, J.B. Maltais, CNC352856 (3♂ 3♀, CNC), SK: Christopher L., 27.viii.1948, A.R. Brooks, CNC352705, CNC352706 (2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Val Marie</a>
                 , 49°15'0"N, 107°44'0"W, 5.vi.1955, 9.vi.1955, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352659, CNC352662, CNC352664, CNC352665, CNC352666, CNC352700, CNC352701, CNC352702, CNC352703, CNC352704, CNC352707 (5♂ 6♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Grasslands National Park</a>
                 ,  Visitor’s Center grass cattle pasture, 49.246°N, 107.732°W, 812 m, J. Cossey, N. Jeffery, J. Straka, 14.vii.2008, 08BBDIP-2742 (1♂, CNC), Saskatoon, 12.vii.1940, 22.vii.1939, 25.v.1926, 25.viii.1923, 28.ix.1925, sf. wheat, A.P. Robinson, K.M. King, King, 13288; D679; '41, 1328B; D676; '41, 1328B; D677, 1328B; D678, 16410- 3N9B, 16423 1229B; D348, 16425 26BS5; D350, 63AN, D663, CNC352845, CNC352846, CNC352865, CNC352866, CNC352867, CNC352868, CNC352869, CNC352870, CNC352871 (2♂ 7♀, CNC), YT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.732/lat 49.246)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.732&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.246">Otter Lake</a>
                 , 1219 m, 15.vii.1960, J.E. H. Martin, CNC352694 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. AK: Anchorage, 18.vi.1951, 3.vii.1951, IDEMA Illustration, R.S. Bigelow, CNC352668, CNC352720 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Fairbanks, 13.vi.1952, J.B. Bartley, CNC352669 (1♂, CNC), Mackenzie Delta, Reindeer Depot, 30.vi.1948, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352661 (1♂, CNC), Umiat, 13.vii.1959, 24.vii.1959, 5.vii.1959, 6.vii.1959, 7.vii.1959, 7.viii.1959, 9.viii.1959, IDEMA Illustration, J.E.H. Martin, R. Madge, CNC352660, CNC352667, CNC352673, CNC352712, CNC352713, CNC352714, CNC352715, CNC352716, CNC352717, CNC352718, CNC352719 (3♂ 8♀, CNC), CO: Walden, 11.viii.1965, G.F. Knowlton (1♂, USNM), Doolittle Ranch, 9800', Mt. Evans, 9.vii.1961, C.H. Mann (1♂, USNM), Doolittle Ranch,  Mt. Evans , 2987 m, 3.viii.1961, 9.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC352670, CNC352708 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Boulder, 5500', 5.vi.1961, B.H. Poole (1♀, USNM),  Mt. Evans , 3535 m, 11.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC352711 (1♀, CNC),  Mt. Evans , 3566 m, 22.vii.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC352710 (1♀, CNC), Nederland, 2529 m, 5.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352672 (1♂, CNC), Jackson Co.,  Rabbit Ears Pass , 7.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352671, CNC352709 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), DC:  Theo Roosevlt Id , 4.vi.1977, W.N. Mathis (1♂, USNM), MA:  Boston ,  June (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  Concord , 19.vii.1961, marsh, W.W. Wirth (2♂ 3♀, USNM),  Forest Hills , 21.ix.1913, A.L. Melander (2♀, USNM), MD:  Colesville , 4.vii.1976, W.W. Wirth (2♀, USNM),  Colesville , 14.vi.1975, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), NC:  Macon Co. ,  Highlands ,  Lake Ravenel , 7.vi.1986, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), NY:  Ithaca , 15.viii.1926, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  Geneva , 28.v.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  Long Island , Cold Spring Harbor, A.L. Melander (1♂ 2♀, USNM),  Allegany State park , 28.v-3.vi.1963, mossy woods, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), PA: Mineral Spr., 5.ix.1927, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  Chester Co. ,  Avondale , Stroud Res. Ctr., 28.ix.2006, K. Styer (1♀, UDCC), SC:  Black Falls , 7.viii.1953, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> See comments for  Agromyza aprilina . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/38923B5CF4E6ABC71684C106F346154D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
09BEDD998937372822352CFCD3870443.text	09BEDD998937372822352CFCD3870443.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza ambrosivora Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza ambrosivora Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 147-151</p>
            <p> Agromyza ambrosivora Spencer, 1969: 35. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 64; Scheffer et al. 2007: 770; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 85; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 7. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.3-2.7 mm (♂), 2.7-3.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.5-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.9-3.6. First flagellomere slightly longer than wide with apex broadly rounded; without tuft of pale hairs. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial slightly projecting. Ocellar triangle broadly rounded and short, not extending much past ocelli. Buccal cavity subquadrate with anteromedial margin emarginate.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Four or five thinner ori with anterior seta sometimes shorter; one ors. Four postsutural dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae. Female sometimes with strong additional seta between acrostichal seta and posterior dorsocentral.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body predominantly brown, halter white. Gena (excluding ventral margin), parafacial and frons (excluding posterolateral corner, posterior margin and ocellar triangle) light brownish orange. Scape and pedicel yellow; first flagellomere orange with distal 1/2-2/3 brownish. Lunule orange with yellowish pilosity. Face brown. Palpus and clypeus dark brown. Tarsi yellow (slightly darker on posterior legs), fore tibia light brown and knees narrowly yellow. Calypter margin and hairs white. Female with frons darker (sometimes entirely brown or with anterior margin lighter), gena darker and fore tibia darker medially.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 147-151) Surstylus triangular, entirely fused to epandrium; with apical setae and medial tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium long and thin with narrow apical point. Postgonite lobate, directed apically. Phallophorus produced apically and fused to base of basiphallus. Halves of basiphallus widely bowed with bases broadly fused; elongate and narrow with margins irregular. Distiphallus very long, thin, dark, bifid, and strongly curved into semicircle at split; base of distiphallus with transverse dorsal band and paired ventral sclerites. Hypophallus large, membranous, and directed apically. Ejaculatory apodeme dark and very reduced in size.</p>
            <p>Variation: Female from CA differs as follows: wing length 4.1 mm; anterior (of four) ori small; only three dorsocentrals; eye height divided by gena height 2.5; tibiae yellow to base and apex; gena mostly pale.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Artemisia (?),  Ambrosia artemisiifolia ,  A. trifida and probably  A. douglasiana (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005);  Helianthus annuus (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: CA, CO, MA, MD, NY, PA, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. ON: Pelee, em. 31.vii from leaf-mines on  Ambrosia artemisifolia , leg. 8.vii.1967, CNC352722 (1♂ [with puparium], CNC). </p>
            <p> Paratypes: Canada. ON: Pelee, K.A. Spencer, mine  Ambrosia artemisifolia , 15.vii.1967, em. 1-10.viii.1967, CNC352723-CNC352744 (10♂ [5 with puparia], 12♀ [8 with puparia], CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON: Belleville, P. Harris, vii.1969, em. 22.ix.1969, CNC352721 (1♀ [with puparium], CNC), Ottawa, damp second-growth  Acer -  Betula woods, 8.viii.1993, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353060 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CA: Carbon Canyon, 14.vi.1977, on  Artemesia d . (1♀, USNM), CO: Chaffee Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Poncha Springs</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">South</a>
                 Arkansas  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">River</a>
                 , 8.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Helianthus , em. 28.vii-1.viii.2015, #CSE1872, CNC654328-654332 (1♂ 4♀, CNC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Worcester Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Sturbridge</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Leadmine Rd.</a>
                 , 6.vii.2013, em. 20.vii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Ambrosia artemisiifolia , #CSE725, CNC392679, CNC392680 (2♀, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , 30.v.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">College Park</a>
                 , 7.vii.1935, C.T. Greene (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Pr. William Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Woodbridge</a>
                 , 26.vii.1968, J.W. Adams (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Colesville</a>
                 , 26.vi.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (2♂, USNM), 30.vi.1977 (1♂, USNM), Colesville, W.W. Wirth, 4.vii.1976 (2♀, USNM), 11.vii.1974 (2♂, USNM), 24.vii.1974 (1♂, USNM), 28.vii.1976 (2♂, USNM), 1.viii.1976 (2♂, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, 1.ix.1981, Malaise trap, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Bethseda, G. Steyskal, 6.vii.1970 (2♂, USNM), 7.vii.1970 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Allegeny Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Little Orleans</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Little Orleans</a>
                 campground, 4.vi.1999, sweeping, C.R. Bartlett (1♂, UDCC), nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">West Mifflin</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Coal Valley Rd.</a>
                 #2, 5.vii.1997, sweeping, C.R. Bartlett (1♀, UDCC), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Chester Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Pottstown</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">
Warwick 
County Park</a>
                 , 10.viii.2014, ex.  Ambrosia trifida , em. 2.ix.2014, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE1371, CNC384846 (1♀, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Great Falls</a>
                 , 21.vi.1931, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Alexandria</a>
                 ,  “viii-5” , J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr. mouth of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Turkey Run</a>
                 , 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 18-30.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM), Turkey Run Park, 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, river 14-17.v.2006 (1♂, USNM), river trap, 17-24.v.2006 (2♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Great Falls</a>
                 Park, swamp trail, 38°59.4'N, 77°15.2'W, Malaise trap, trap #2, 18.iv. 2.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Agromyza ambrosivora is an easily recognised species with one pronounced ors and four or five thinner ori. The phallus forms a long, dark bifid tubule, which is very similar to that found in  A. virginiensis (Fig. 151): these two species can be separated externally using the characters mentioned in the key. A third related species,  A. rudbeckiana Scheffer and Lonsdale, a leaf-miner of  Heliopsis and  Rudbeckia (  Asteraceae ), has a more evenly arched distiphallus that is only split near the apex, and unlike  A. ambrosivora , there are two ors and three ori (not one and four) (Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/09BEDD998937372822352CFCD3870443	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6.text	ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl 1902	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza apfelbecki Strobl</p>
            <p>Figs 152-155</p>
            <p> Agromyza abiens var.  Agromyza abiens Apfelbecki Strobl, 1902: 504. </p>
            <p> Agromyza andalusiaca Strobl, 1906: 380. Hendel 1920 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza Apfelbecki . Hendel 1920: 117. Hendel 1931: 107. </p>
            <p> Agromyza apfelbecki . Spencer 1966 c: 172; Papp 1984: 264; Spencer 1990: 253. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 4.0-4.1 mm (♂), 4.4-4.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.4-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-2.4. Ocellar triangle small and rounded. First flagellomere small and rounded; without apical tuft of pale hairs. Fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting and parafacial strongly projecting, partially to strongly continuing under eye as cheek. Wing slightly pointed apically with apex between M1 and R4+5. Thorax with light to dense grey pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three to seven ori (two in Spanish female); two ors. Six or seven dorsocentrals, two or three presutural, decreasing in size anteriorly. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body mostly dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, occiput, clypeus, mentum and ventral margin of gena dark brown, distal 2/3 of first flagellomere brownish, venter of face light brown and frons slightly darker anteriorly. Knees yellowish orange; tibiae and tarsi paler than femora with tibiae slightly darker medially. Scutum with nearly imperceptible metallic green shine in VA female. Calypter margin and hairs white to dark brown. Halter white, rarely with small lateral spot and ventral margin of knob brown (VA female). Abdomen dark brown with indistinct (VA) or strong coating of grey pruinosity, except on brownish orange male terminalia (sometimes with dark dorsomedial spot on epandrium). European specimens often with fronto-orbital plate, face, apex of palpus, parafacial and ring under eye mostly dark, tibiae often yellowish or more orange on distal 1/3, and epistoma usually larger.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 152-155) Epandrium relatively broad and shallow, with suture between it and surstylus barely evident. Surstylus slightly curved anteriorly and with numerous small, pointed, tubercle-like setae along inner-basal/medial surface. Phallophorus tapered distally and partially fused to flat, pale sclerites of basiphallus, which are weakest and irregular along dorsal margin, with right sclerite partially separated from darker, curved apical section. Hypophallus sac-like and membranous with partial sclerotisation along anteromedial surface. Distiphallus nearly cylindrical with irregularly sclerotised margins not entirely meeting ventrally; twisted past midpoint. Ejaculatory apodeme minute.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Carduus ,  Cirsium ,  Cynara (Spencer 1990). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> USA: VA*. France, Italy, Malta, Germany, Spain, Croatia (Papp and  Černý 2015). Turkey. Chile (Valparaiso, La Cruz; introduced) and Argentina (Valladares 1998;  Çöl et al. 2006). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Apfelbecki ]: Yugoslavia. Zadar (♂♀, coll. Strobl). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Agromyza andalusiaca ]: Spain. "Southern Spain" [= Algreciras?] (?, coll. Strobl). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  France.  Perpignan , 10.x.1959, mine  Cynara carduuculus, em. 24.v.1959, K.A. Spencer, CNC352745 (1♂ [with puparium], CNC)  .   Germany [?]. "Agrom.  Apfelbecki Str., det. Hendel " (1♀, USNM)  .   Spain.  Barcelona ,  “prat” , 27.iii.1960, K.A. Spencer (1♀, USNM), CNC352746 (1♀, CNC),  En Alcachofe ,  La Cruz , Valpo, Nac. 5.ix.1959, N. Hichins (5♂ 2♀ 1?, USNM)  .   USA. VA: Fairfax Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.16/lat 38.966667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.966667">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, 29.iii-25.iv.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> While difficult to differentiate from a number of Palaearctic taxa,  Agromyza apfelbecki is quite distinct from Nearctic  Agromyza because it is exceptionally large (wing length at least 4.0 mm), there are numerous dorsocentrals (at least six), the epistoma is large and pronounced, the head is predominantly pale (including the palpus and face) and the halter is sometimes maculated.  Agromyza apfelbecki is one of only three  Agromyza known to feed on  Asteraceae , and is distributed primarily around the Mediterranean where it often occurs on globe artichoke (Spencer, 1990). </p>
            <p> The above Virginia record is the first known occurrence of this species in the Nearctic, where it was likely introduced accidentally on its host plant. As discussed by Dempewolf (2004),  Agromyza apfelbecki can be a  Plantago major pest on artichoke if populations become large enough, particularly to younger plants; the damage caused by larval feeding can vary significantly between years (Spencer 1973), possibly due to climatic conditions, as frost can severely increase mortality among larvae (Ricchello 1928). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED59C6F14D9C3A956550B467BF1B03C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
B9B42F28076E16D54E58C1AD0A86947E.text	B9B42F28076E16D54E58C1AD0A86947E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza aprilina Malloch 1915	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza aprilina Malloch</p>
            <p>Figs 156-160</p>
            <p> Agromyza aprilina Malloch, 1915c: 359. Frison 1927: 192 [lectotype design.]; Frick 1957: 199 [as synonym subnigripes Malloch], 1959: 358; Spencer 1969: 36; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 262 [stat. reinst.]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2-2.5 mm (♂), 2.5-3.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.2-3.4. First flagellomere slightly longer than high with rounded dorsoapical point (pronounced to relatively indistinct), without apical tuft of pale hairs. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial projecting (more so anteriorly), continuing under eye as cheek. Ocellar triangle longer than wide and subshiny. Costa extending slightly past R4+5. Smaller females with vein dm-m incomplete.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; three ors (or vice versa), sometimes appearing as four ori and one ors. One presutural dorsocentral and three or four postsutural dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with halter white and gena and frons (aside from fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle) reddish, fore knee yellow and tarsi dirty yellow. Calypter margin and hairs white. Female from "Turkey Run, headquarters" with light green metallic shine on thorax, abdomen and pleuron (faintest).</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 156-160) Anterodistal margin of epandrium deeply incised before surstylus. Surstylus triangular, fused to epandrium with suture evident; inner-basal margin with several small tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium slightly produced at apex, inner margin of lobe thickened with several setulae. Postgonite small and lobe-like with thin plate-like base. Phallus relatively small, narrow, and weakly sclerotised. Phallophorus tapering apically, fused to halves of basiphallus, which converge to base. Halves of basiphallus with internal fold apically, with distal portion sharply directed inwards; lateral membrane broad, twisted past midpoint. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); nearly carinate ventromedially, distal section with elongate medial split. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, NB*, ON, QC, SK, YT*. USA: IL, MD*, NC*, NH, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype: USA. IL: Cottonwood Grove, Urbana, 16-20.iv.1915 (1♀, INHS). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Paralectotype examined.</p>
            <p>USA. IL: Urbana, 20.iv.1915, Cottonwood, CNC352757, Type No. 2725 (1♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Banff, C.B.D. Garrett, 8.vi.1922, CNC352760 (1♀, CNC), MB: Ninette, J.F. McAlpine, 21.v.1958, CNC352778 (1♀, CNC), 9.v.1958, CNC352755 (1♂, CNC), R.B. Madge, 9.v.1958, CNC352776 (1♀, CNC), Shilo, 5mi SW, J.F. McAlpine, 28.v.1958, CNC352777 (1♀, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., Hanley and Cooper, 23.v.1977, Code-5113Q, CNC352754, CNC352774, CNC352775 (1♂, 2♀, CNC), W.P. Hanley, 20.v.1977, Code-5098B, CNC352753 (1♂, CNC), ON:  Bell’s Cor[ner]., J.F. McAlpine, 8.v.1951, CNC352766 (1♀, CNC), Marmora, J.F. McAlpine, 23.iv.1952, CNC352751, CNC352768, CNC352769 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), 24.iv.1952, CNC352752, CNC352767 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), 25.iv.1952, CNC352772 (1♀, CNC), 28.iv.1952, CNC352770 (1♀, CNC), 29.iv.1952, CNC352773 (1♀, CNC), 9.v.1952, CNC352771 (1♀, CNC), Maynooth, J.F. McAlpine, 24.v.1951, CNC352764 (1♀, CNC), Metcalfe, B.E. Cooper, 14.v.1983, CNC353020, CNC353022 (2♂, CNC), 25.v.1983, CNC353021, CNC353024 (2♂, CNC), 27.iv.1983, CNC353019, CNC353025, CNC353026 (3♂, CNC), 3.v.1983, CNC353027 (1♂, CNC), 30.iv.1983, CNC353018, CNC353023 (2♂, CNC), 7.v.1994, CNC353028-353031 (4♂, CNC), Ottawa, 28.iv.1955, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352765 (1♀, CNC), Woodroffe, J.G. Chillcott, 30.iv.1952, CNC352763 (1♀, CNC), QC: Abbotsford, G.E. Shewell, 27.iv.1936, CNC352747, CNC352748, CNC352750, CNC352758 (3♂, 1♀, CNC), 27.iv.1966, CNC352749 (1♂, CNC), Shewell, 15.v.1936, CNC352759 (1♀, CNC), SK: Saskatoon, A.R. Brooks, 28.iv.1949, CNC352756 (1♂, CNC), 9.v.1949, CNC352762 (1♀, CNC), YT: Dawson, 14 mi E, P.J. Skitsko, 6.viii. 1962, 396 m, CNC352761 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. MD: Montgomery Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Plummers Island</a>
                 , 38°58'N, 77°10'W, Malaise trap, lower trap, 30.iii-22.iv.2006, D.R. Smith and J.W. Brown (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Cabin John Bridge</a>
                 , 23.iv.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , R.C. Shannon, 8.iv.1914 (4♂ 3♀, USNM; 2♂ 2♀, CNC), 12.iv.1914 (1♂, USNM), 5.iv.1914 (1♂, USNM), 3.iv.1914 (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Plummers Island</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Rock Run</a>
                 , 25.iii.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , 28.iii.1915, R.C. Shannon (2♂, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Smokies</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Andrews Bald</a>
                 , 9.vii.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr. mouth of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Turkey Run</a>
                 , 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 29.iii-25.iv.2007, D.R. Smith (4♂ 1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr. headquarters bldg. 38°57.7'N, 77°08.9'W, Malaise trap, 29.iii-17.iv.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Great Falls Park</a>
                 , swamp trail, 38°59.4'N, 77°15.2'W, Malaise trap, trap #1, 18.iv-2.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The surstylus and epandrium of  Agromyza aprilina are characteristic, readily differentiating it from similar species. In the Delmarva states it can be most easily confused for the relatively common  A. albipennis , but the ventral margin of the first flagellomere is flatter in this latter species, there are four fronto-orbitals (not five), the parafacial is not as pronounced, the setae are darker and the costa extends to vein M1+2. The shape of the basiphallus and distiphallus also differ (see Figs 145, 146). While the first flagellomere can appear less pointed in some material, particularly poorly preserved specimens, it is never entirely rounded as noted in Spencer (1969). </p>
            <p> Agromyza aprilina can also be potentially mistaken for  Agromyza nigripes Meigen, but the latter has darker tarsi, the costa ends at vein M1+2, and the male genitalia (based on the dissection of Welsh male in the USNM) are much stouter with slight differences in the shape of the basiphallus and distiphallus. The species  A. ambigua Fallén (North America, Europe),  A. kincaidi Malloch (North America; Figs 196, 197) and  A. conjuncta Spencer (widespread in Europe) can also be mistaken for this species, but the characteristic phallus, surstylus and epandrium of  A. aprilina allows for definitive identification. Other Nearctic  Agromyza with a pointed first flagellomere and a shortened costa are restricted to the west coast and have a larger, darker distiphallus (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B9B42F28076E16D54E58C1AD0A86947E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
722140FD383C726B642C040F9EAB3760.text	722140FD383C726B642C040F9EAB3760.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza aristata Malloch 1915	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Agromyza aristata Malloch</p>
            <p>Figs 37, 161-166</p>
            <p> Agromyza aristata Malloch, 1915b: 13. Frick 1957: 199; Spencer 1969: 38; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 59; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 8; Eiseman et al. 2021: 5. </p>
            <p> Phytagromyza aristata . Frick 1952a: 416. </p>
            <p> Agromyza ulmi Frost, 1924: 54. Frick 1952a: 375. Frick 1959 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza marmorensis Spencer, 1969: 48. Syn. nov. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 37). Wing length 2.0-2.1 mm (♂), 2.3-2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.9-2.7. First flagellomere subcircular, without apical tuft of pale hairs. Fronto-orbital plate (more so anteriorly) and parafacial strongly projecting and distinctly continuing under eye as cheek. Ocellar triangle relatively small with corners rounded. Palpus relatively ovate.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Ocellar seta thinner than postocellar, and sometimes shorter, but never reaching 1/2 length. Three postsutural dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly; possibly two more anteriorly that are not much longer than surrounding setulae. Acrostichal seta not much longer than surrounding setulae. Four scattered rows of acrostichal setulae. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head predominantly light yellow; first flagellomere yellow; back of head brown above foramen and with grey pruinosity dorsally; ocellar triangle dark brown; posterolateral corner and posterior margin of frons brownish, with spot extending laterally to just behind level of anterior ors; clypeus light brown; face white. Thorax dark brown, covered with grey pruinosity, halter white. Calypter margin and hairs white to yellow. Legs yellow with mid and hind coxae brown, at least in part. Abdomen dark brown; epandrium yellow or with orange to brown tint with dark brown dorsal spot; if epandrium yellow, sternite 8 sometimes also yellow with medial spot.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 161-166) Surstylus fused with epandrium with suture obliterated, shape triangular (nearly equilateral), directed inwards, with several setae along posterior margin. Cercus relatively broad and flat with inner surface covered with pointed tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium setulose, slightly sinuate, and inner lobe with medial desclerotisation. Postgonite short. Phallophorus fused to single sclerite of basiphallus, which originates on left side and is twisted dextrally. Hypophallus membranous with faint left lateral sclerotisation. Mesophallus long, narrow, dark, and flat, lying along ventral margin of membrane; distiphallus short, flat and wrapped ventrally (nearly cylindrical), shortest dorsally. Ejaculatory apodeme minute and finger-like.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Cannabaceae -  Celtis laevigata ,  C. occidentalis ,  C. pallida (leaf mine only);  Ulmaceae -  Ulmus alata (leaf mine only),  U. americana ,  U. rubra (Eiseman et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, NB*, ON, QC*. USA: IL, IN, IA, KS*, MI*, NY, OH, PA, VA, VT; known from leaf mines in AL, AR, CO, CT, FL, GA, MA, MD, MN, ND, NJ, TN, TX, WI.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [aristata]: USA. IL: Havana,  Gleason’s Sand Dune, 30.iv.1914, C.A. Hart and J.R. Malloch (HT ♀, INHS). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p>[aristata]: USA. IL: St. Joseph, Salt Fork, 3.v.1914, Type No. 2726, CNC352790 (1♀, CNC), PA: Arendtsville, 27.iv.1923, S.W. Frost (3♂, USNM).</p>
            <p> Syntype [  Agromyza ulmi ]: USA. PA: Arendtsville, 22.iv.1923, S.W. Frost (1♂, USNM; type No. 50033). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza marmorensis ]: Canada. ON: Marmora, 7.v.1952, J.R. Vockeroth (HT ♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB:  Onefour , on wild cherry blossom, 2.vi.1956, O. Peck, CNC353069, CNC353072, CNC352809 (2♂, 1♀, CNC), NB: Curventon, 19.v.1959, W.W. Moss, C-2, CNC352810 (1♀, CNC), ON: Almonte, 18.v.1951, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352788, CNC352803-352806 (1♂, 4♀, CNC), Marmora, 16.v.1952, J.C. Mitchell, CNC352786 (1♂, CNC), 30.iv.1952, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352802 (1♀, CNC), Marmora, 28.iv.1952, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352787 (1♂, CNC), Metcalfe, 14.v.1994, B.E. Cooper, CNC353066 (1♂, CNC), 17.v.1994, CNC353067 (1♂, CNC), 7.v.1994, CNC353068 (1♂, CNC), Midland, swampy wood, 26.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC353071 (1♂, CNC), Nippising, 27.ii.1959, #83, S58-1-1381-01, CNC352779 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa nr. Uplands Airport, 22.v.1990, J.M. Cumming, CNC353064 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, damp second-growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 1.vi.1995, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353063 (1♂, CNC), 28.v.1995, CNC353070 (1♂, CNC), at sap on  Acer stump, 10.v.1991, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353062 (1♂, CNC), bleeding elm, 22.v.1952, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352791 (1♀, CNC), 28.v.1951, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352794 (1♀, CNC), 5.v.1952, B. Hartley, CNC352783 (1♂, CNC), J.G. Chillcott, CNC352783-352795, CNC352780, CNC352792 (2♂, 3♀, CNC), 8.v.1952, J. Chillcott, CNC352782, CNC352785, CNC352796-352800 (2♂, 5♀, CNC), Pt. Pelee, 3.vi.1929, G.S. Walley, CNC352801 (1♀, CNC), QC: Hemmingford, 10.v.1931, J.B. Maltais, CNC352807 (1♀, CNC), Old Chelsea, 8.v.1938, G.E. Shewell, CNC352808 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. IL: White Heath, 30.iv.1916 (1♀, USNM), Champaign, 28.iv.1953, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352789 (1♂, CNC), IN: Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich, 4.v.1916 (1♂, USNM), 11.v.1916 (1♀, USNM), KS: Manhattan, C.W. Sabrosky, 27.iv.1934 (1♀, USNM), 17.vi.1934 (1♀, USNM), Lawrence, Nat. Hist. Res., 27.iii.1954, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352781 (1♂, CNC), 28.v.1956, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352811-352818 (8♀, CNC), MI: Detroit, 24.v.1935, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), E Lansing, C. Sabrosky, 2.vi.1934 (1♀, USNM), 29.iv.1942 (1♀, USNM), NC: Scotland Co., Laurinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 18.iv.2017, T.S. Feldman,  Celtis laevigata , em. ~ 17.iv.2018, #CSE4418, CNC1144090 (1♀, CNC), OK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Payne Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Mehan</a>
                 , 36.014339°N, 96.996744°W, 5.iv.2016, em. by 11.iv.2017, M.W. Palmer, ex  Ulmus rubra , #CSE3448, CNC939912 (1♂, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Chain Bridge</a>
                 , 23.iv.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Great Falls
Park
</a>
                 , quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 18-23.iv.2007 (2♀, USNM), 13-24.v.2007 (1♀, USNM), VT: USA. Vermont:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Chittenden Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">South Burlington</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Winooski Gorge</a>
                 , 16.v.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Ulmus rubra , em. 24.iii-6.iv.2016, #CSE2264, CNC654497-654499 (3♀, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The dissected paratype of  Agromyza aristata discussed by Spencer (1969) has been examined and the genitalia are identical to those of the male illustrated here, not as illustrated in Spencer (1969). The unusual illustration in Spencer (1969) appears to belong instead to a non-type male in the USNM from Illinois that has had the phallus broken off near the base of the mesophallus. This mistake in interpreting the male genitalia led Spencer to describe  A. marmorensis in the same revision, stating that while "Not satisfactorily distinguishable from  A. aristata " based on external characters, the differences in the genitalia were significant enough to separate them. Since it is now clear that the genitalia of the two species are also identical,  A. marmorensis is here included as a junior synonym of the senior  A. aristata . </p>
            <p>The new records for NB, QC, MI and KS represent new adult records, but these were previously suspected from leaf mines (Eiseman et al. 2021).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/722140FD383C726B642C040F9EAB3760	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5A3D36355C6E1A29DC20BEE5C76B0268.text	5A3D36355C6E1A29DC20BEE5C76B0268.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza bispinata Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza bispinata Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 38, 41, 42, 167-174</p>
            <p> Agromyza bispinata Spencer, 1969: 39. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 263; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 8. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 38, 41, 42). Wing length 2.2-2.4 mm (♂). Female unknown [see discussion below]. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.5-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.2-6.0. Male first flagellomere large (usually at least 30% longer than pedicel, but not much longer than pedicel in a minority of specimens) and varying in shape from elongate and subovate to (more commonly) circular; at least distal 1/2 (usually distal 2/3) covered with long hairs. Ocellar triangle relatively small with corners slightly rounded. Fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Three dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly with anterior seta not much longer than surrounding setulae. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body primarily dark brown with halter white. Base of first flagellomere and distal margin of pedicel orange; orange region sometimes either extending to basal 1/3 of first flagellomere or strongly reduced (particularly if spines on surstylus reduced). Gena sometimes paler, excluding ventral margin. Calypter white with margin sometimes yellowish or slightly brown, and hairs light brown. Base of fore tibia paler or segment paler overall. Tarsi yellow to orange-brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 167-173) Surstylus small, lobate, margin darkly pigmented; with two or three medial setae and two large posterior spines; spines sometimes minute and rounded and distiphallus more elongate with relatively pronounced internally haired medial section; surstylus barely visible when viewed laterally and with basal suture obliterated. Hypandrium relatively narrow and tapered apically with membranous window in lobe. Postgonite relatively small and upcurved. Halves of basiphallus converging to, and overlapping at base; with small mediolateral membranous lobe on each sclerite; twisted medially and broad apically, with converging ventrodistal points. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); relatively narrow and pale with sides parallel, being only slightly wider apically. </p>
            <p> Variation: Phallus sometimes elongate with pronounced medial section with densely spinulose inner surface and elongate medial membranous projection on right sclerite of mesophallus (Fig. 174); if so, spines on epandrium reduced to absent. Possibly a new species, but  “typical” males show intermediate degrees of spine reduction on epandrium that resemble the state seen in these other males. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Elymus hystrix (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON, MB*. USA: CT*, GA, IA, MD, NC, NH*, NY, PA*, UT, VA, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. ON: Simcoe, 5.vi.1939, G.S. Steyskal (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: Canada. ON: Midland, 20.vii.1955, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352821 (1♂, CNC), Pt. Ryerse, 1.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC352822, (1♂, CNC), Simcoe, 5.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC352819 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Males examined.</p>
            <p> Canada. MB: Ninette, 28.vii.1958, "sq. fringe darker spines on surs. larger aed. larger", J.G. Chillcott, CNC352820 (1♂, CNC). USA. CT: Redding, 11.vi.1929, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Rabin Co., 13.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC352824 (1♂, CNC), IA: Winneshiek Co., 43°25'55.97"N, 92°0'34.78"W, 16.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Elymus hystrix em. 7.viii.2015, #CSE1973, CNC564662 (1♂, CNC), MD: Bethseda, 30.v.1980, G.C. Steyskal, swept ex.  Viola papilionaceae (2♂, USNM), Bethseda, 14.v.1981, G.C. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), 11.viii.1981 (1♂, USNM), 14.viii.1981 (2♂, USNM), 16.viii.1981 (1♂, USNM), 1.viii.1981 (3♂, USNM), 17.v.1969 (1♂, USNM), 7.viii.1981 (2♂, USNM), 13.ix.1981 (1♂, USNM), 27.v.1972 (1♂, USNM), Plummers Isl., 19.vi.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co., Dickerson, 14.vii1974, G.A. Foster (13♂, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, G.F. and J.F. Hevel, 16.viii.1986 (1♂, USNM), 24.vii.1982 (1♂, USNM), 27.viii.1981 (1♂, USNM), Cabin John, 20.vi.1931, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), NC: Macon Co., Wayah Gap, 3800', 29.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, USNM), Jackson Co., Cherokee, 609 m, 25.vii.1957, CNC352823 (1♂, CNC), NH: Bretton Wda, 1.vii.1936, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), PA: Allegeny Co., Little Orleans, Little Orleans campground, 6.vi.1998, sweeping, C.R. Bartlett (1♂, UDCC), VA: Falls Church, Holmes Run, 26.vi.1961, light trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Shenandoah, Big. Meadows, A.L. Melander, 1.vii.1939 (1♂, USNM), 2.vii.1939 (2♂, USNM), 5.vii.1939 (1♂, USNM), Great Falls, 9.vii.1926, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Glencarlyn, 2.vi.1925, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM), Fairfax Co., Dead Run, 22.vi.1916, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), Fairfax Co., Turkey Run Park, nr. mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 18-30.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM), WV: Parkersburg, 21.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Morgan Co., nr. Great Cacapon, 1.ix.1984, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), Hardy Co., Lost River St. Pk., 1-14.viii.1960, K.V. Krombein (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Females examined.</p>
            <p>USA. CT: Colebrook, 28.viii.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), MD: Coleville, W.W. Wirth, 21.v.1977 (1♀, USNM), 11.v.1977 (1♀, USNM), NC: Macon Co., Wayah Bald, 1066 m, 13.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC352828 (1♀, CNC), Macon Co., Wayah Gap, 16.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352827 (1♀, CNC), NH: Franconia Notch, 8.vii.1931, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), NY: Ithaca, 31.v.1914, A.L. Melander (3♀, USNM), TN: Smokies, Chimneys, 25.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), VA: Falls Church, 18.vii.1960, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Shenandoah, Big Meadows, A.L. Melander, 3.vii.1939 (1♀, USNM), 2.vii.1929 (1♀, USNM), Shenandoah, Lewis falls, 3.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Fairfax Co., Dead Run, 28.vii.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), Shenandoah Co., Mt. Jackson, 25.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352825, CNC352826 (2♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Agromyza bispinata belongs to a complex of species defined by an enlarged and long-haired male first flagellomere, whose species appear to be separable only on the basis of male genitalic morphology. The females of these species, which are currently indistinguishable from one another, differ from the males in having an elongate oval first flagellomere with the long pale hairs restricted to the distal margin; the examined females are listed in the material examined section for this species. The sparse, long hairs on the first flagellomere of these species (Figs 41, 42) should not be confused with the discrete apical tuft of hairs characteristic of many other  Agromyza species, including  A. canadensis ,  A. kincaidi , and  A. pudica (see Figs 39, 40). This complex currently includes  A. echinalis in the east Nearctic, A. hockingi Spencer in Canada and the western United States (but expected in the eastern United States), and the widespread  A. tacita and  A. bispinata . There is a relatively large amount of genitalic variation within the latter two species, including distiphallus morphology in  A. bispinata and epandrial spine number in  A. tacita , which suggests the presence of cryptic taxa. The presence of only two epandrial spines, which is likely the derived state, currently defines  A. bispinata within this group, but more rigorous analysis of the clade as a whole is required to better delineate species. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A3D36355C6E1A29DC20BEE5C76B0268	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0E4C8A0B45DD28C29E367B8475D1BEF3.text	0E4C8A0B45DD28C29E367B8475D1BEF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza canadensis Malloch 1913	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza canadensis Malloch</p>
            <p>Figs 1, 2, 7-10, 175-178</p>
            <p> Agromyza canadensis Malloch, 1913: 299. Frick 1952a: 372; Spencer 1969: 39, 1990: 198; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 59; von Tschirnhaus 1993: 512 [suspected to be conspecific with  A. pseudorufipes Nowakowski]. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 1, 2, 7-10). Wing length 3.1-3.9 mm (♂), 3.3-4.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.5-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.2-7.3. First flagellomere small and rounded; pale tuft of apical hairs varies from teardrop-shaped to encompassing distal 1/3 of segment. Ocellar triangle relatively small with corners rounded.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three or two ori; two ors. Five dorsocentrals (sometimes small fifth seta indistinct), decreasing in size anteriorly. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae brown. Body predominantly brown with yellowish tint or yellow with brownish tint, with thorax darker and halter white. First flagellomere dark brown to brown and scape and pedicel yellow to brownish; face and lunule dirty yellow in ON specimens; gena (excluding ventral margin), parafacial (excluding inner margin) and anterior margin of postgena light brown in female; postpronotum and notopleuron yellowish in part; lateral and sometimes apical margins of scutellum and postsutural scutum yellow in females and some males. Pleuron paler brown with venter darker and posterior region yellowish; metanotum yellow with brown mottling and dark brown mediotergite; males sometimes darker. Calypter margin and hairs white. Legs yellow with faint brownish tint; tarsi sometimes paler and femora sometimes slightly darker. Abdomen brownish yellow, paler in female with dorsum sometimes brownish and oviscape brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 175-178) Surstylus indistinct, fused to epandrium; inner surface with many small, rounded tubercle-like setae not reaching anterior corner. Hypandrium relatively narrow with apex pointed; inner lobe small, rounded and with large separate medial sclerite closely associated with postgonite. Postgonite large and flat with partial fusion to hypandrial band; with sparse hairs on outer face. Halves of basiphallus flat, wide and poorly sclerotised; apices broad, converging past internal subapical fold. Distiphallus very large, resembling a thick band with anterior and posterior margins strongly curled outwards; basal portion with small, shallow lateral sculpturing. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed basally, but reduced, thin and pale apically.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Boraginaceae -  Cynoglossum ,  Mertensia (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON, QC*. USA: CA, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. ON: Cottage Beaulieu, Beaulieu, 14.viii.1906 (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON:  Hawkeston , 28.vi.1927, C.H. Curran, CNC353079 (1♂, CNC); Mer Bleu[e], 5mi E Ottawa, 9.vi.1966, D.D. Munroe, CNC353082 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, Montfort Hosp., 17.vii.1993, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353074 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 18.viii.1924, G.S. Walley, CNC353081 (1♀, CNC), damp second-growth  Acer -  Betula woods, 17.viii.2000, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353075 (1♀, CNC), 30.v.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353078 (1♂, CNC), 30.vi.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353080 (1♂, CNC); damp second-growth  Acer -  Betula woods, 6.viii.1996, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353073 (1♂, CNC), QC: Burnett, 13.viii.1977, J.  O’Hara , CNC353076 (1♀, CNC), Old Chelsea, 11.vi.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353077 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. VA: nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Plummers Island</a>
                 , 20.v.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), Giles Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Ripplemead</a>
                 , White Riverbend Pk., 37°19'N, 80°41'W, 9.v.2006, S.A. Marshall (1♀, DEBU),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Great Falls Park, quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 24.iv-2.v.2007 (4♀, USNM), 3-10.v.2007 (12♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Agromyza canadensis is highly similar to the Palaearctic  A. pseudorufipes Nowakowski, especially with regards to the derived structure of the phallus. It is also a borage feeder on  Myosotis ,  Podonosma and  Trigonotis (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005). Von Tschirnhaus (1993) suggested that the two species could be conspecific, but additional study is required. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E4C8A0B45DD28C29E367B8475D1BEF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
F82C883350F0FAD16677E5D6B12A54B9.text	F82C883350F0FAD16677E5D6B12A54B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza deserta (Patton)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza deserta (Patton)</p>
            <p> Cecidomyiaceltis deserta Patton, 1897: 247. Spencer 1990: 54. </p>
            <p> Agromyza deserta . von Tschirnhaus 2016: 153; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 85. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(von Tschirnhaus 2017: figs 6-9). Wing length 3.4 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.4. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.5. Ocellar triangle not much larger than tubercle. Orbital plate narrow, inner margin weakly defined. Epistoma present, margin straight, as long as width of first flagellomere. Ventral margin of gena relatively straight, shallow anteriorly and deep posteriorly. Scutum densely matt. Costa extending to M1. Tibiae without medial setae</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Ocellar and postvertical setae strong. Two ori (three ori on right side), decreasing in length anteriorly; two ors. Minute interfrontals anteromedially on frons. Four dorsocentral setae on left side, five on right, decreasing in length anteriorly. Acrostichal seta strong. Acrostichal setulae in six irregular rows. Two or three anepisternal setae, four or five katepisternals.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Mostly dark brown. Face, parafacial, gena and postgena (to point above midpoint of eye) and mouthparts yellowish white with dark brown line along venter of gena; lunule and antenna pale yellow with arista brown; frons light yellow with brownish/orange tint, with ocellar triangle and posterolateral corner of frons dark brown, faded brownish region around ocellar triangle, with brownish stripe along orbital plate almost to base of posterior ori, becoming indistinct anteriorly. Apices of femora and bases of tibiae narrowly yellow. Halter white with stem faintly brownish anteriorly. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (von Tschirnhaus 2017: figs 1-3, 5) Cercus large, bent on outer margin and straight on inner; inner-distal surface with numerous pointed tubercle-like setae. Surstylus fused to epandrium, indistinct, without tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium subtriangular; apex rounded with narrow, pointed apodeme that may be 2  × as long as wide; inner lobe with basal section narrowing to point of attachment to thicker, angled distal section bearing row of several sockets, one of which has a moderately long seta. Postgonite with minute setulae in irregular double row; shape presumably similar to that of  A. aristata . Phallophorus narrow, width &lt;1/3 length. Basiphallus dorsally fused to phallophorus on narrow dorsal/left lateral sclerite, which is apically truncated; right lateral sclerite much narrower, but as long as left sclerite. Paraphallus and hypophallus absent. Ejaculatory duct becoming broader along length of basiphallus, thick along mesophallus. Mesophallus a single band-like ventral sclerite partially fused to distiphallus; nearly as long as basiphallus, strongly curved to form a shallow semicircle. Distiphallus very shallow, band-like, and ventrally curved, obliquely angled. Ejaculatory apodeme unknown. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Cannabaceae -  Celtis occidentalis (von Tschirnhaus 2016). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CT, NY, WV.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. CT: Orange, gall on twig of  Celtis occidentalis , W.H. Patton. [1 gall, Lost] </p>
            <p>Other material.</p>
            <p>  USA. WV: Morgan County ca. 6 mi NW Hedgesville, 39°37'N, 78°03'W, ex twig swelling gall  Celtis occidentalis , coll. 6-v-1998, em. 15-iii-1999, R. J.  Gagné (1♂, USNM). [not examined] </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p>The adult of this species was thoroughly described in von Tschirnhaus (2016), which also provided a discussion on related species, host usage, and treatment in the literature.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F82C883350F0FAD16677E5D6B12A54B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
ECD5EC681AE681BDEA5975053A783970.text	ECD5EC681AE681BDEA5975053A783970.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza diversa Johnson 1922	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza diversa Johnson</p>
            <p>Figs 179-182</p>
            <p> Agromyza diversa Johnson, 1922: 26. Frick 1953: 58; Spencer 1969: 41; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 59; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 9. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza diversa . Frick 1952a: 402. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.9-3.3 mm (♂), 2.9-3.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.1--9.7. First flagellomere sometimes slightly longer than high; with teardrop-shaped tuft of pale hairs at apex.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Three or four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Mid tibia with two or three posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae black. Body yellow, except as follows: head mostly dark brownish with yellow tint, with mouthparts light yellow, lunule yellow, fronto-orbital plate (narrow) sometimes yellowish to yellow, gena (excluding ventral margin) and face light brown, and ocellar tubercle sometimes yellowish around base of ocellar and postocellar setae; postpronotum, notopleuron and scutellum pale yellow/whitish; halter white; female with oviscape dark brown and face yellow. Calypter margin and hairs white.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 179-182) Surstylus not distinguishable from epandrium; inner face of surstylus flat and covered with numerous small, rounded tubercle-like setae that do not extend to anterior corner. Postgonite relatively large, flat, and broad. Halves of basiphallus long and narrow, with right sclerite bent at midpoint; apices not bent inwards. Hypophallus convoluted and with scalloped apical fringe and irregularly sclerotised base. Mesophallus subcylindrical, with sides bulging and with transverse dorsal band; closely associated with distiphallus, which is bulging medially, truncated apically and with subapical constriction.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Urticaceae -  Laportea canadensis . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: IA, IL, IN, IN, MA, MD*, NC, NY, OH, TN, VA, VT.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MA: Chester, 7.viii.1912, C.W. Johnson (1♀, MCZ).</p>
            <p>Paratype examined.</p>
            <p>USA. IN: Lafayette, viii.1912, J.M. Aldrich, Paratype No. 50034 U.S.N.M. / CNC Type No. 16287, CNC352872 (1♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON:  Simcoe , 26.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC352873 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. OH: Delaware Co., Sunbury,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Monkey Hollow Rd.</a>
                 , 13-15.ix.2014, ex.  Laportea canadensis , em. 16-24.x.2014, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE1432, CNC384847, CNC384848 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), IA: Ames, Pammel Woods, W.H. Robinson, 24.vi.1970 (2♂, USNM), 9.viii.1969 (1♂, USNM), 19.vi.1970 (1♂, USNM), Ames, Pammel Woods, 11.vi.1970, R.M. Miller (1♀, USNM), Ames, 1.viii.1969, W.H. Robinson (1♂, USNM), Allamakee Co., 3mi ESE Waterville, 43°11.0'N, 91°14.1'W, 2.viii.1960, J. Laffoon (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Boone Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Ledges State Park</a>
                 , 14.vii.1971, R.M. Miller (1♀, USNM), IL:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">University</a>
                 of Illinois  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Woods</a>
                 , 2.vii.1945, "X 526" (1♂, USNM), 15.vii.1945, "X 527" (1♂, USNM), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Dickerson</a>
                 , 14.vii.1974, G. Foster (1♂, USNM), OH: Delaware Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Sunbury</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Monkey Hollow Rd.</a>
                 , 13-15.ix.2014, em. 16-24.x.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Laportea canadensis , #CSE1432, CNC384847, CNC384848 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Graham Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Poplar Cove</a>
                 , 2500', 35°21.3'N, 83°56.1'W, 20.vi.1958, J. Laffoon (1♀, USNM), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Ithaca</a>
                 , 15.vi.1932 (1♀, USNM), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Davidson Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Nashville</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">West Meade Waterfall</a>
                 (36.094655, -86.913252), 21.viii.2017, em. 15-17.ix.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Laportea canadensis , #CSE4273, CNC939958-939960 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -86.91325/lat 36.094654)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-86.91325&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.094654">Dead Run</a>
                 , 28.vii.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ECD5EC681AE681BDEA5975053A783970	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
1FAECAA426D3C71608450D2C7B3D1F31.text	1FAECAA426D3C71608450D2C7B3D1F31.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza echinalis Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza echinalis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 232-235</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Externally as described for  A. bispinata except as follows: Wing length 2.5-2.6 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.2. First flagellomere always enlarged in male, broadly ovate, slightly longer than high and covered with long hairs past base. Additional ori sometimes present on one side of frons. Wing veins yellow. Antenna orange with brownish tint, mostly brownish past base of first flagellomere; frons tinted with orange; fore tibia yellow with centre brownish. </p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 232-235) Surstylus large and triangular with numerous long spines along inner margin and with one spine at apex; basal suture obliterated, inner surface flat and easily viewed posteriorly. Hypandrium and postgonite as described for  A. bispinata . Halves of basiphallus with medial membranous process that is longer and truncated on right side. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); ventral curve with dark truncated elbow; ventral surface with medial longitudinal suture; sides shallowly rounded and internally spinulose subapically. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD, TN, VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>Gr., referring to the characteristic spiny surstylus.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. TN: Clarksville, 13.v.1936, E.W. Howe (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: USA. MD: nr. Plummers Isl., 6.vi.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♂, CNC), VA: Fairfax Co., Dead Run, 19.vi.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The heavily spinulose surstylus of  Agromyza echinalis is the primary defining feature that distinguishes it from other species with an enlarged first flagellomere. As in  A. tacita (Figs 226-228) and  A. hockingi (Colorado, Texas, Utah; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 411-413), the surstylus is triangular and clearly visible laterally, but these other two species have a slightly darker and more rounded surstylus with a maximum of five stout spines. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FAECAA426D3C71608450D2C7B3D1F31	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
FC9B9AC2AB6F4149AA7A079792CCACD7.text	FC9B9AC2AB6F4149AA7A079792CCACD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza fission Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza fission Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale</p>
            <p>Figs 183-187</p>
            <p> Agromyza fission Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, 2018: 9. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(from Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Wing length 2.3 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.9. First flagellomere small and rounded, without pale tuft of hairs. Fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting (more so anteriorly). Ocellar triangle small and rounded. Thorax with light pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Three strong dorsocentrals, anterior seta 2/3 length of second. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae black. Body mostly dark brown. Head yellowish orange with first flagellomere infuscated on distal 2/3, back of head and occiput dark brown, frons dark brown behind level of hind fronto-orbital, face white and clypeus brown to dark brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Halter white. Tarsi, base of fore tibia and apex of fore femur yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 183-187) Surstylus small, lobate, setulose, and slightly angled anteriorly; fused to anteroventral margin of epandrium with suture partially evident. Cercus broad and emarginate apically; inner surface covered with numerous small tubercle-like setae. Postgonite small and rounded with shallow inner lobe. Single sclerite of basiphallus fused to phallophorus on left side, twisted dextrally; distal margin forming small transverse sclerite. Mesophallus small and flat. Distiphallus composed of a single dark, flat, curved sclerite (shortest dorsally) nearly forming a complete tube; lateral margins fringed and not meeting ventrally.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Cannabaceae -  Celtis occidentalis (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IA, MD, OK, WI.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype. IA: Allamakee Co., Red Oak Prairie (43°14'13.43"N, 91°7'8.58"W), 16.vii.2015, em. 2.viii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Celtis occidentalis , #CSE1925, CNC564711 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p> Paratypes. IA: same collection as holotype, CNC564712 (1♂, CNC), MD: Plummers Isl., 23.v.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), OK: Payne Co., Mehan, 36.014339°N, 96.996744°W, 5.iv.2016, em. 20- 22.iv.2017, M.W. Palmer, ex  Celtis occidentalis , #CSE3529, CNC939918, CNC939919 (1♂ 1♀, CNC); WI: Buffalo Co., Alma, S1287 State Road 88, 17.vii.2015, em. 3.iv.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Celtis occidentalis , #CSE2311, CNC634841 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Although largely similar to  Agromyza varifrons , the male cerci are highly derived and diagnostic: they are strongly widened apically and deeply cleft, with small, tubercle-like setae covering the inner surface. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC9B9AC2AB6F4149AA7A079792CCACD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
62EF3AE9C3C488309FA07C11545A24BA.text	62EF3AE9C3C488309FA07C11545A24BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza isolata Malloch 1913	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza isolata Malloch</p>
            <p>Figs 188-192</p>
            <p> Agromyza isolata Malloch, 1913: 306. Frick 1952a: 373; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 264; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 11. </p>
            <p> Agromyza albitarsis Meigen. Misidentification. Frick 1959: 353. </p>
            <p> Agromyza populoides Spencer, 1969: 52. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.3 mm (♂), 2.5-2.7 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.8-7.5. First flagellomere small and rounded; without pale tuft of apical hairs. Ocellar triangle only indicated laterally as subshiny regions.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Four strong dorsocentrals, one presutural. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Setae golden-brown, distinct from scutum. Scutum with brownish grey pruinosity. Calypter margin and hairs white (brown in  Agromyza isolata holotype). Body predominantly brown with halter white; base of first flagellomere and most of pedicel distinctly orange, entirely dark in  Agromyza isolata holotype; BC, CA, and CO material with first flagellomere dark, with basal margin slightly lighter; tarsi, tibiae (hind tibia brownish medially) and apices of femora yellow. Wing veins light brown. </p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 188-192) Surstylus broad, not distinct from epandrium and with a number of medial tubercle-like setae along inner-distal margin on posterior 1/2. Hypandrium relatively narrow with long, tapered tip. Postgonite small and dome-like. Phallophorus elongate and produced on left side, fusing with single sclerite of basiphallus. Basiphallus short, shallowly curved and restricted to dorsal surface. Mesophallus curved in cross-section, dark, and with long, bifid, tapering  “tail” , with bases either separated or fused; distiphallus short, dark, and cap-like. Ejaculatory apodeme relatively small, blade pale. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Salicaceae -  Populus spp.,  Salix spp. (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC*, ON, NS*, QC, SK. USA: CA, CO, MN [leaf mine only], PA, VA*, VT, WA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza isolata ]: USA. CA: Eureka,  “22.5” , H.S. Barber (1♀, USNM; type No. 17573). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza populoides ]: Canada. SK: Regina, em. 23.viii.1965, [ex leaf mine on  Populus deltoides ♀ X  P. balsamifera ♂ (Spencer, 1969)], ex Gracillarid sp., RRD W65, Ex 2616(10), G.N. Still (1♂ [with puparium], CNC). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p> [  Agromyza populoides ]: Canada. ON: Grand Bend, 20.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC352879 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, em. 28.vii.1967, mine Pop. Bals. 10.vii.1967, CNC352880 (1♀ [with puparium], CNC), SK: same data as holotype CNC352875-352878, CNC352881-CNC3528884 (4♂ 4♀ [seven with puparia], CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. BC:  Terrace , grass, clover and buttercups, 7.vi.1960, R. Pilfrey, sweeping, CNC353092 (1♂, CNC), Wasa Lk., em. 29.vii.1959,  “59-6779-01” , "  Populus trichocarpa ",  “R’rd” , CNC353083, CNC353084 (2♂ [with puparia], CNC), NS: S. Harbour Bch., PG962943, 6.vii.1983, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353091 (1♂, CNC), ON: Grand Bend, 20.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC353089 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 15.ix.1997, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353090 (1♂, CNC), 16.ix.1952, CNC353088 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. CO:  Doolittle Ranch ,  Mt. Evans , 2987 m, 3.viii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC353085 (1♂, CNC), J.G. Chillcott, CNC353087 (1♀, CNC), Summit L. Flats,  Mt. Evans , 3901 m, 24.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC353086 (1♂, CNC), VA: Falls Church, reared 25.v.1916,  Populus , host: underside tentminer, J.J. deGryse (1♂ 2♀, USNM), VT: Chittenden Co.,  South Burlington , Winooski Gorge, 29.vi.2014, ex.  Populus tremuloides , em. 15.vii.2014, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE1176, CNC384839-384841 (3♂, CNC), Chittenden Co., Williston, Mud Pond, 28.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Populus grandidentata , em. 18-19.ix.2016, #CSE3000, CNC654500-654504 (2♂ 3♀, CNC)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/62EF3AE9C3C488309FA07C11545A24BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
FEF1934FCEEB0CB907A26497A0F82BDA.text	FEF1934FCEEB0CB907A26497A0F82BDA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza kincaidi Malloch 1913	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza kincaidi Malloch</p>
            <p>Figs 39, 40, 193-197</p>
            <p> Agromyza kincaidi Malloch, 1913: 285. Frick 1952a: 372 [as synonym of ambigua  Fallén ]; Spencer 1969: 45; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 264. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 39, 40). Wing length 3.6-4.0 mm (♂), 3.9-4.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.9-3.2. First flagellomere small and rounded with small apical tuft of pale hairs. Ocellar triangle 1/2 length of frons, shape equilateral or more tapered apically. Buccal cavity subquadrate and clypeus broad. Costa only extending to R4+5. Thorax with light pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Four postsutural dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with halter white. Gena slightly paler posteriorly. Fore tarsus, apex of fore femur and base of tibiae yellowish. Wing veins light brown. Calypter margin and hairs white. Female fronto-orbital plate slightly paler and less pruinose.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 193-197) Surstylus not strongly differentiated from epandrium, which has deep desclerotised anteroventral emargination; with numerous posterior and medial tubercle-like setae and with rounded inner-distal point bearing several small setae. Hypandrium gently arched, not produced apically; inner lobe largely membranous and with two furrows ending in one setula each. Postgonite small, flat and lobate. Halves of basiphallus folded inwards near apex; right sclerite shorter and fused to enlarged distal margin of phallophorus. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); distal portion dark and extremely elongate with wide ventral furrow (dark medial ridge within furrow); inner surface with pronounced spinulose ridge; dorsal surface covered by dark membranous sheath. Ejaculatory apodeme broad and well-developed with distal margin pale and rib pronounced. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - likely a grass-feeder, possibly on  Bromus purgans (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, NL, NS, YT. USA: AK, CA, CO, IA*, NC*, NY*, TN, UT.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. AK: Juneau, 25.vii.1899, Kincaid (1♀, USNM; type No. 15565).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Banff, Johnston Canyon, 1432 m, 18.vii.1962, K.C. Herrmann, CNC352900, CNC352937 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), 30-31.vii.1962, CNC352938 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Banff</a>
                 , 19.vii.1922, E. Hearle, CNC353102 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Calgary</a>
                 , 20 mi W, Jumping Pd. Cr., 9.viii.1962, K.C. Hermann, CNC352901 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Wate</a>
                 [illegible], 15.vii.1923, H.L. Seamans, CNC352903 (1♂, CNC), BC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Bowser</a>
                 , 8.vi.1955, R. Coyles, CNC352936 (1♀, CNC), Kleanza Cr., 14 mi E Terrace, 4.vii.1960, C.H. Mann, CNC352942 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Mt. Thornhill</a>
                 nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Terrace</a>
                 , 1066 m, in boggy seepage area, 14.vii.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352933 (1♀, CNC), Pr. Rupert,  Ledum -  Kalmia bog, 4.iv.1960, R. Pilfrey, CNC352935 (1♀, CNC), 4.vi.1960, C.H. Mann, CNC352896, CNC352897 (2♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Robson</a>
                 , 24.v.1950, H.R. Foxlee, CNC352928 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Summit Lake</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Mi</a>
                 392 Alaska Hwy., 1280 m, 31.vii.1959, R.E. Leech, CNC352898 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Summit Lake</a>
                 , 1280 m, 21.vii.1959, R.E. Leech, CNC352899 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Terrace</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Airport area</a>
                 , 4.viii.1960, C.H. Mann, CNC352934 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Terrace</a>
                 , 11.viii.1960, W.R. Richards, CNC352895 (1♂, CNC), 67 m, 15.viii.1960, B. Heming, CNC352929 (1♀, CNC), 67 m, 8.vi.1960, W.W. Moss, CNC352932 (1♀, CNC), 19.vii.1960, C.H. Mann, CNC352931 (1♀, CNC), 20.vii.1960, W.R. Richards, CNC352885 (1♂, CNC), 31.iv.1960, R.J. Pilfrey, CNC352894 (1♂, CNC), 31.v.1960, C.H. Mann, CNC352930 (1♀, CNC), 31.vi.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC353099 (1♂, CNC), MB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Churchill</a>
                 , 14.vii.1952, E.F. Pope, CNC352939 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Churchill</a>
                 , 58°46'N, 94°10'W, 5.viii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, project#NBP, CNC_Diptera59120 (1 ex, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Deer River</a>
                 , mile 473 m  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Hudson Bay Ry.</a>
                 , 3.viii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352886 (1♂, CNC), Int. Peace Gardens, Turtle Mtn. For. Res., 7.viii.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352940 (1♀, CNC), NL: Bell Is., 4-7.viii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353108 (1♂, CNC), Lab., Cartwright, 20.vii.1955, E.F. Cashman, CNC352941 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">
St. 
John's</a>
                 , Agric. Exp. Sta., 1.viii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353111-353113, CNC353117 (4♂, CNC), 15.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353126 (1♂, CNC), 16.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353124, CNC353110 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), on  Ranunculus , 18.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353103-353107 (5♂, CNC),  Abies balsamea , 19.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353109 (1♀, CNC), 21.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353131, CNC353135 (2♂, CNC), 24.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353119 (1♀, CNC), 26.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353133 (1♂, CNC), 27.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353128 (1♂, CNC), 29.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353120, CNC353129 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), 3.viii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353114-353116 (3♂, CNC), 30.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353121, CNC353125 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), 31.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353130 (1♂, CNC), 9.viii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353118, CNC353122, CNC353123, CNC353127, CNC353132, CNC353134, CNC353136 (4♂, 3♀, CNC), NS: Lockeport, Cranberry I., 24.vii.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352902 (1♂, CNC), YT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">Ogilvie Mts.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98334/lat 67.416664)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.416664">North Fork Crossing</a>
                 , 1.vii.1962, P.J. Skitsko, CNC352893 (1♂, CNC), Rampart House, 67°25'N, 140°59'W, 17.vii.1951, J.E.H. Martin, project#NBP, CNC_Diptera109349 (1♀, CNC), Whitehorse, 24.viii.1959, R. Madge, CNC352926, CNC352927 (2♀, CNC)  .   USA. AK: Anchorage, 18.vii.1951, R.S. Bigelow, CNC352915 (1♀, CNC), Cold Bay, on tundra, 18.viii.1952, W.R.M. Mason, CNC352892 (1♂, CNC), Curry, 29.vi.1952, W.R. Mason, CNC352914 (1♀, CNC), King Salmon, Naknek, 13.vii.1952, J.B. Hartley, CNC352921, CNC352923, CNC352925 (3♀, CNC), 16.viii.1952, CNC352919 (1♀, CNC), 3.vii.1952, CNC352917 (1♀, CNC), 31.vii.1952, CNC352924 (1♀, CNC), 5.viii.1952, CNC352916 (1♀, CNC), 6.vii.1952, CNC352918, CNC352920, CNC352922 (3♀, CNC), Mile 315 Richard. Hwy., 8.vi.1951, W.R. Mason, CNC352913 (1♀, CNC), Naknek, 18.vii.1952, J.B. Hartley, CNC352910, CNC352911 (2♀, CNC), 8.vii.1952, J.B. Hartley, CNC352907 (1♀, CNC), W.R. Mason, CNC352912, CNC352908, CNC352909 (3♀, CNC), CO: Doolittle Ranch,  Mt. Evans , 2987 m, 22.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352905 (1♀, CNC), 3.viii.1961, W.R.M. Mason, CNC352888 (1♂, CNC), B.H. Poole, CNC352906 (1♀, CNC), Echo L.,  Mt. Evans , 3230 m, 25.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC352904 (1♀, CNC), IA: Ames, 10.v.1947, A.R. Brooks, CNC352943 (1♀, CNC), NC: Gt. Smokies, Clingmans Dome, A.L. Melander, 18.vii.1941 (4♂ 3♀, USNM), 19.vii.1941 (4♂, USNM), 21.vi.1941 (1♂, USNM), Smokies, Andrews Bald, 9.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (2♂ 1♀, USNM), Smokies, Forney Ridge, 26.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  Clingman’s Dome,  Grt. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park , 6.viii.1957, C.J. Durden, CNC352891 (1♂, CNC), 2011 m, 22.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352887 (1♂, CNC), NY:  White Face Mt. , 4000', 14.vii.1958, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), TN: Indian Gap to  Clingman’s Dome,  
Gr. Sm. 
Mt. Nat. Park Tenn. , 1584-2011 m, 6.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352889, CNC352890 (2♂, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Agromyza kincaidi is highly similar in appearance to the European and Nearctic  A. ambigua Fallén (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 367-369), which has a highly similar phallus, an anterodorsally pointed first flagellomere (sometimes very strongly pointed in  A. ambigua ), a costa that extends just past R4+5 and dark colouration. While never directly compared, differentiation between the two has historically relied most heavily on the colour of the calypter margin and hairs, which are supposedly brownish in  A. kincaidi and bright white to yellow in  A. ambigua (Spencer 1969); vein colour does not appear to be yellowish in any  A. ambigua examined, as noted in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b); examination of specimens further reveals calypter margin/hair colour to range from yellowish to brownish, and is even white in some material identified by Spencer. The limits of these two species should be re-evaluated in the future. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FEF1934FCEEB0CB907A26497A0F82BDA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0D28691E139C8883E2E57B9F941DE77A.text	0D28691E139C8883E2E57B9F941DE77A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza pallidiseta Malloch 1924	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza pallidiseta Malloch</p>
            <p> Agromyza pallidiseta Malloch, 1924: 192. Frick 1952a: 375; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 58. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 2.3-2.4 mm (♀). Male unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.6. Head as described for  A. aristata except parafacial not as strongly projecting and ocellar seta 1/2 length of postocellar seta. </p>
            <p> Chaetotaxy: As described for  A. aristata , except there are four dorsocentrals (one presutural), not three. </p>
            <p> Colouration: As described for  A. aristata except as follows: setae yellow; first flagellomere yellow with basal 1/3 very pale; posterolateral corner of frons only dark to level of posterior (not anterior) ors. </p>
            <p>Variation: Florida specimen (head mostly collapsed) with ocellar seta ~ 2/3 length of postocellar and fronto-orbital plate brown to base of anterior fronto-orbital.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - possibly  Celtis occidentalis (  Ulmaceae ). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON*. USA: DC, FL*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC: Rock Creek Park, 29.v.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Ottawa , Arboretum, adult on  Celtis occidentalis , 27.v.2017, O. Lonsdale, CNC799468-799471 (4♀, CNC)  .   USA. FL:  Torreya St. Park , 29.iv.1952, O. Peck, on wood mud flat, CNC352944 (1♀, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The grey pruinose notum, yellow setae and head of  Agromyza pallidiseta make it an easily recognised, albeit uncommon, species in eastern North America, known only from the holotype, one Florida female and four Ontario females. The Ontario females were taken as adults on  Celtis occidentalis . </p>
            <p> The Californian female listed as  Agromyza pallidiseta in Spencer and Steyskal (deposited in the USNM) is clearly not conspecific with the holotype, as it is 2  × as large (4.6 mm), has a longer ocellar seta and brown setae. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D28691E139C8883E2E57B9F941DE77A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
1D83132A67E214C58A52B214F5322CA9.text	1D83132A67E214C58A52B214F5322CA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza parca Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza parca Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 198-204</p>
            <p> Agromyza parca Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 265; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 11; Eiseman et al. 2021: 6. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.5-2.7 mm (♂), 2.4-2.7 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.5-6.7. First flagellomere small and rounded; males with small tuft of apical hairs (as wide as base of arista in specimens with entirely white calypter, and several times width of base of arista in males with darker calypter hairs); females with dark calypter also with wide tuft of hairs on first flagellomere. Ocellar triangle short and equilateral in female, longer in male. Scutum shiny to subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes small to well-developed additional anterior ori on one side); two ors. Two well-developed dorsocentrals and one or two much smaller setae anteriorly. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with halter white, lunule and gena (excluding ventral margin) paler, tarsi dirty yellow and tibiae sometimes yellow at base. Wing veins light brown. Calypter margin white with hairs brown to white.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 198-204) Surstylus with weak basal suture and numerous small medial and apical tubercle-like setae on inner margin. Inner lobe of hypandrium broad with several furrows leading to empty sockets. Postgonite small and lobate. Both sclerites of basiphallus with thin mediolateral membranous lobes; apices typically incurved. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); distiphallus split ventromedially with dark subbasal swelling and central ridge; with spinulose inner structures and minute anterodorsal scales; seen ventrally, sides nearly parallel or segment narrowest apically (mostly in specimens with white calypter hairs). </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Dichanthelium clandestinum ,  D. scoparium ,  Glyceria canadensis ,  G. striata (Eiseman et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CT*, DC*, IA, MA, MD*, NC, NH*, NJ*, NY*, TN.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. NC: Mitchell Co., Roan Mtn., 6200', 13.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352945 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Paratype: USA. NC: Same data as holotype, CNC352946 (1♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. CT: Putnam Park, 20.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Redding, 3.vi.1935, A.L. Melander (2♀, USNM), DC: 11.vi.1926, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), IA: Allamakee Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Footbridge Farm</a>
                 , 22.vii.2018, J. van der Linden,  Poaceae , em. by 14.viii.2018, #CSE4946, CNC1643675-1643677 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Concord</a>
                 , 17.vii.1961, W.W. Wirth (2♂ 1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Lavale</a>
                 , 9.v.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Hampshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Pelham</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Arnold Rd.</a>
                 , 2.vii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Dichanthelium clandestinum em. 20-22.vii.2013, #CSE724, CNC392666, CNC392667 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), em. 20-23.iv.2014, #CSE1089, CNC384728, CNC384729 (2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Plymouth Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">West Bridgewater</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Maple St.</a>
                 , 15.viii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Dichanthelium clandestinum em. 2-5.ix.2013, #CSE866, CNC392683-392687 (2♂ 3♀, CNC), MD: Colesville, W.W. Wirth, 4.vi.1977 (1♂, USNM), 1.viii.1976 (1♀, USNM), Bethseda, G. Steyskal, 12.ix.1981 (1♂, USNM), 14.v.1981 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , at light, 3.viii.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , 14.v.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Carderock Park</a>
                 , 18.v.1989, M.J. and R. Molineaux (1♀, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Chatham Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Haywood</a>
                 , 5.vi.1986, G.C. Steyskal (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Durham Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Durham</a>
                 , 17-  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Acre Wood Preserve</a>
                 , 36°1'27.82"N, 78°55'29.73"W, 8.v.2017, T.S. Feldman,  Dichanthelium , em. 4.v.2018, #CSE4482, CNC1135677, CNC1135678 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Scotland Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Laurinburg</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 10.v.2017, T.S. Feldman,  Dichanthelium , em. 6-14.v.2018, #CSE4502, CNC1144099, CNC1144100 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Wake Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Morrisville</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Lake Crabtree County Park</a>
                 , 35°50'37.77"N, 78°47'43.02"W, 6.vi.2018, T.S. Feldman,  Dichanthelium scoparium , em. 25.vi.2018, #CSE4695, CNC1135686 (1♂, CNC), NH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">White Mts.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Stinson Lake</a>
                 , 23.vii.1961, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), NJ:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -78.79528/lat 35.843822)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-78.79528&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.843822">Lakehurst</a>
                 , 1.vi.1962, J.E. Puleston (1♂, USNM), NY: Bear Mt., 30.v.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Tentatively identified.</p>
            <p> USA. NC: Scotland Co., Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 3.v.2017, T.S. Feldman,  Dichanthelium , em. 6.v.2018, #CSE4503, CNC1144101, CNC1144102 (2♀, CNC) </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Agromyza parca is currently defined by an evenly dark antenna, minute dorsoapical spinules within the distiphallus and small membranous lateral lobes on the basiphallus. There is a slight amount of variation within the species, possibly indicating the presence of a cryptic taxon. Those specimens with an entirely white calypter (i.e., hairs not brown) have the pale tuft of hairs on the first flagellomere that is no wider than the base of the arista in the males and absent in the female, the eye is 3.5-5.9  × higher than the gena (not 5.2-6.7  × higher) and the distiphallus is usually slightly constricted apically (Fig. 198). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1D83132A67E214C58A52B214F5322CA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7A5A7C1080AEB23847EF40750B9EACFC.text	7A5A7C1080AEB23847EF40750B9EACFC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza parilis Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza parilis Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 205-209</p>
            <p> Agromyza parilis Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 266. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.5-2.7 mm (♂), 3.2-3.4 (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.5-2.8. First flagellomere slightly longer than high and broadly rounded, without apical tuft of pale hairs. Ocellar triangle relatively small and rounded.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Two well-developed dorsocentrals and one smaller anterior seta. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with halter white, and gena and antenna sometimes slightly paler, with first flagellomere orange on inner-basal 1/3 and tarsi slightly paler. Calypter white with hairs dark brown; hairs sometimes yellowish in females.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 205-209) Surstylus narrow and rounded, entirely fused to epandrium and with numerous medial tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium with broadly rounded subtriangular apex; inner lobe with membranous base and inner-distal emargination. Postgonite small and lobate. Halves of basiphallus interlocking at base and with inner margins dark; outer margin weakly sclerotised, wide, wing-like and pointed; distal section distinct with long processes flanking distiphallus. Hypophallus lobate with pointed medial process. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); distiphallus with dark enlarged sclerite above insertion of ejaculatory duct; distal section dark and elongate with medial suture and subapical texturing; transverse dorsobasal band produced ventrally. Ejaculatory apodeme with narrow rounded blade with numerous striations, long stem, and stout base. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - likely  Poaceae (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: TN, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. TN: Hamilton Co., East Ridge, 9.v.1952, G.S. Walley, CNC352947 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. VA: Fairfax Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr. mouth of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Turkey Run</a>
                 , 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 25.v-6.vi.2006 (1♂ 4♀, USNM), 18-30.v.2007 (3♂, USNM), Turkey Run Park, 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 17-24.v.2006 (4♂ 1♀, USNM), river, 14-17.v.2006 (4♂ 5♀, USNM), Great Falls Park, quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, 18-24.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂ 3♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> While externally similar to a number of small dark eastern  Agromyza , the first flagellomere of  A. parilis is entirely dark on the outer face and there is no apical tuft of pale hairs in either sex. The male genitalia are most distinctive, however, and should be examined for confident identification. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7A5A7C1080AEB23847EF40750B9EACFC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
2F511CFF500499ADF555005B3862D30A.text	2F511CFF500499ADF555005B3862D30A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza parvicornis Loew 1869	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza parvicornis Loew</p>
            <p>Figs 210-214</p>
            <p> Agromyza parvicornis Loew, 1869: 49. Frick 1952a: 373, 1957: 199 [lectotype designation]; Spencer 1969: 51, 1973: 252; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 67. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.5-3.2 mm (♂), 2.6-2.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-3.6. First flagellomere small and rounded with minute tuft of pale apical hairs. Fronto-orbital plate projecting and anterior 1/2 of frons soft and buckled.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three on one side); two ors. Two dorsocentrals, sometimes with very small third seta present anteriorly. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body mostly dark brown with orange tint, first flagellomere brown with base orange (more extensive on inner surface); frons brownish orange with ocellar triangle, posterior margin and fronto-orbital plate to level of anterior or posterior ors dark brown, sometimes dark laterally along entire margin of eye; lunule yellowish; parafacial beige and gena (excluding ventral margin) light brown; halter white; fore knee and tarsus yellowish. Calypter white with hairs light brown; uncommonly dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 210-214) Surstylus visible laterally as small lobe; inner surface with more than a dozen tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium and postgonite as described for  A. bispinata . Halves of basiphallus converging to base where both sclerites are fused to each other and phallophorus; with internal fold past midpoint and apices converging as broad triangular lobes. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); base of distiphallus narrow, distal portion broadly rounded, widest subapically and with internal spinulose processes. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed with central rib visible near base; blade pale. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Echinochloa crus-galli ,  Panicum miliaceum ,  Zea mays and probably other cereals (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: BC, ON, QC (Zhu et al. 2004). USA: "Widespread, present in most states" (Frick 1959). Argentina, Cuba, Guadeloupe, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Saint Vincent (Valladares 1998; Martinez and Etienne 2002).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Lectotype: USA. DC [not given]: "Loew coll.",  Agromyza parvicornis m. (1♂, MCZ). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. BC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.70306/lat 45.38528)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.70306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.38528">Milner</a>
                 , 12.vii.1953, G.J. Spencer, CNC352949 (1♂, CNC), ON:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.70306/lat 45.38528)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.70306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.38528">Ottawa</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.70306/lat 45.38528)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.70306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.38528">Fletcher Wildlife Gardens</a>
                 , 45°23'7"N, 75°42'11.01"W, 9.vi.2013, O. Lonsdale, CNC1144190 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 8.vii.1925, F. Ide, CNC352950 (1♂, CNC), Point Pelee, 8.ix.1954, C.D. Miller, CNC352954, CNC352955 (2♀, CNC), Simcoe, 26.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC352952 (1♂, CNC), 29.vi.1939, CNC352953 (1♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, Grenadier I. Centre, 26.vi.1975, H.C.W. Walther, Code 1-2406-25, CNC352951 (1♂, CNC), Picton, 10.vii.1970, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353093 (1♂, CNC), QC: Ile de Montreal, 17.vi.1966, Beaulieu, CNC352956 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. AZ:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Sunnyside Canyon</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Huachua Mts.</a>
                 , 9.vii.1940, D.E. Hardy (1♂, USNM), DE: Wilmington, 31.vii.1951, D.F. Bray (1♂, USNM), Sussex Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Dewey Beach</a>
                 , 21.xiii.2003, sweeping, K. Bennett (1♂, UDCC), IN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Lafayette</a>
                 13.[?].1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Concord</a>
                 , vii.1960, E.H. Wheeler, reared ex.  Zea mays (2♂ 3♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Franklin Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Northfield</a>
                 , 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 42°38'48.74"N, 72°25'32.15"W, 31.viii.2017, C.S. Eiseman,  Zea mays , em. 2-23.vi.2018, #CSE4580, CNC1135703-1135712 (5♂ 5♀, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -72.4256/lat 42.646873)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-72.4256&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.646873">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Colesville, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth, 7.viii.1975 (1♀, USNM), 14.vi.1973 (1♂, USNM), 20.viii.1975 (1♂, USNM), Bethseda, 6.viii.1967, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Colesville, 24.vii.1974, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, Malaise trap, G.F. and J.F. Hevel, 3.ix.1981 (1♂, USNM), 1.ix.1981 (2♂, USNM), NY: L.I. Veg. Res. Fm, Riverhead, at light, 1-7.viii.1938, 30.viii.1938, 7-20.viii.1938, CNC352957, CNC352958, CNC352959, CNC352960, CNC352961, CNC352962, CNC352963, CNC352964, CNC352965, CNC352966, CNC352967, CNC352968 (11♂ 1♀, CNC), TN: Nashville, G.G. Ainslie, Webster No. 9467C (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), VA: Chain Bridge, 14.v.1924, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Agromyza parvicornis and  A. proxima are highly similar in appearance and develop in some of the same plant genera, and can only be reliably differentiated on the basis of the relative width of the distiphallus and length of the basiphallus. It is possible that  A. proxima represents a less common eastern morphological variant of the other, but in the absence of corroborating evidence, these two are maintained here as separate. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F511CFF500499ADF555005B3862D30A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
93542114D66EF7B7352A204DA26E9A71.text	93542114D66EF7B7352A204DA26E9A71.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza proxima Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza proxima Spencer</p>
            <p>Fig. 215</p>
            <p> Agromyza proxima Spencer, 1969: 52. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 67. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2-2.4 mm (♂), 2.2-2.5 (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.8-3.4. First flagellomere small and rounded, sometimes with very small tuft of pale hairs apically. Scutum shiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three on one side); two ors. Two well-developed dorsocentrals with smaller third seta anteriorly. Hind tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p> Colouration: As described for  A. parvicornis , except fronto-orbital plate usually brownish orange around base of all fronto-orbital setae. </p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Fig. 215) Genitalia as described for  A. parvicornis except as follows: basiphallus short, only slightly longer than distiphallus; distal section of distiphallus narrow, with sides only slightly bulging subapically. </p>
            <p>Variation: MD male from Anne Arundel Co. with distal 2/5 of first flagellomere covered with pale hairs; genitalia as described above, but surstylus relatively small and spherical; distal 2/3 of first flagellomere dark and pedicel orange distally; frons dark brown. VA female with relatively large ovate distoventral patch of pale hairs on first flagellomere; body entirely dark with pedicel slightly paler, calypter entirely white, notopleuron and postpronotum reddish, and wing veins whitish on basal 1/2. The female is only tentatively allied with the MD male on the basis of similar dark colouration and the increased size of the pale haired patch on the first flagellomere.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Dichanthelium sp,  Echinochloa walteri ,  Panicum dichotomiflorum (Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018, Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: MB. USA: DE*, FL, MA*, MD*, NY, VA(?).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. FL: Sweetwater, Tamiami Canal (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p> Paratypes: Canada. MB: 2 mi N Forrest,  Populus balsamifera stand around slough, 19.vii.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352969 (1♂ [head missing], CNC). USA. FL: Sweetwater, 3.viii.1963, ex.  Echinochloa walteri , leg. 23.vii.1963, K.A. Spencer (1♂ 1♀ [same pin, with puparia], USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. DE: Newark, 30.vii.1974 (1♂, UDCC), Stanton, 8.viii.1951, D.F. Bray (1♂, USNM), MA: Greenfield, 6.[?].1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Wayland, 28.[?], J.J. Pratt, LT (1♂, USNM), MD: Bethseda, 12.ix.1981, G.C. Steyskal (1♀, USNM), Colesville, 15.viii.1975, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Anne Arundel Co., nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.55/lat 38.883335)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.883335">Edgewater</a>
                 , Smithsonian Envir. Res. Centre, 38°53'N, 76°33'W, 10.vii.1993, G.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), VA: Sherando Lake, 10 mi SW Waynesboro, 25.vi.1970, L.V. Knutson (1♀, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93542114D66EF7B7352A204DA26E9A71	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
47B4AB4AF98AE554B80BB68278D4B3A3.text	47B4AB4AF98AE554B80BB68278D4B3A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza pudica Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza pudica Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 216-220</p>
            <p> Agromyza pudica Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 267; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 12, 2019: 3. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.4-2.6 mm (♂), 2.0-2.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.8-4.9. First flagellomere small and ovate with small tuft of apical hairs in male. Ocellar triangle small and rounded (smaller in holotype). Scutum shiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three on one side); two ors. Three dorsocentral setae with anterior seta reduced. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with orange tint; first flagellomere dark brown with faint orange tint towards base sometimes evident; lunule paler; parafacial sometimes with orange tint; halter white; tarsi and base of fore tibia yellow. Wing veins light brown. Calypter white with hairs usually brown (white in some females).</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 216-220) Genitalia largely as described for  A. parvicornis , except as follows: basiphallus long and well-sclerotised, halves overlapping at base, weakened point present past midpoint and apex split with dark ventral branch; distiphallus narrow, with broad medial constriction and with elongate ventral sulcus below distomedial ridge; ejaculatory apodeme small with blade pale. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Dichanthelium spp. (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018, 2019). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON*. USA: AR, CT*, DC*, GA, MA, MD*, MN, NC, OH, OK, NY*, SC*, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. AR: Garland Co., Hot Springs, 15.v.1979 (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>USA. GA: Rabun Co., Rabun Bald, 1280 m, 16.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352972 (1♀, CNC), Rabun Bald, 914 m, 14.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352971 (1♂, CNC), NC: Pisgah Forest, Looking Glass Pk., 19.vii.1957, "K.A. Spencer, col.", W.R. Richards, CNC352970 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON: Algonquin Pk., 45°50'0"N, 77°38'0"W, 19.vii.1991, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353094 (1♂, CNC), Metcalfe, 2mi N, 15.v.1982, B.E. Cooper, CNC353095 (1♂, CNC), 10.vi.1982, CNC353097 (1♂, CNC), 25.v.1982, CNC353096 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, damp second-growth forest in  Acer -  Betula wood, 27.vi.1989, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353098 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CT: Waterton, 5.vi.1931, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Putnam Park, A.L. Melander, 18.vii.1939 (1♂, USNM), 20.vii.1939 (1♂, USNM), 24.vii.1939 (1♀, USNM), Redding, A.L. Melander, 26.vi.1929 (1♂, USNM), 1.vi.1929 (1♀, USNM), 10.vi.1929 (1♀, USNM), 8.vi.1930 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), 11.vi.1929 (1♀, USNM), 27.vii.1938 (1♀, USNM), DC: 11.vi.1926, J.M. Aldrich (2♂, USNM), Chain Bridge, 8.v.1928, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), Washington, 17.viii.1913, A.L. Melander (2♂, USNM), MA: Concord, 17.vi.1961, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Franklin Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Northfield</a>
                 , 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 4.vii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Dichanthelium acuminatum ssp. fasciculatum , em. 21.vii.2016, #CSE2787, CNC654200-654202 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Bethseda</a>
                 , 30.v.1980, G.C. Steyskal (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , 3.vi.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , 4mi S of Ashton, 24.vii.1982, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (2♀, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Scotland Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Laurinburg</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 18.v.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Dichanthelium em. 13.vi.2016, #CSE2572, CNC634813-634815 (3♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Durham Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Durham</a>
                 , 17-acre  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Wood Preserve</a>
                 , 15.v.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Dichanthelium clandestinum , em. 4.vi.2016, #CSE2542, CNC654303-654306 (4♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Scotland Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Laurinburg</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 11.v.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Dichanthelium scoparium , em. 3.vi.2016, #CSE2540, CNC653948, CNC653949 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), NY: Lk. George, 26.vii.1929, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Yonkers</a>
                 , 3.vi.1927, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), 5.vi.1927 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Peekskill</a>
                 , 11.vi.1927, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Bear Mt.</a>
                 , 31.v.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), OH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Hocking Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">South Bloomingville</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Deep Woods Farm</a>
                 , 5.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Dichanthelium clandestinum , em. 20-22.viii.2016, #CSE2925, CNC654480-654482 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), SC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Beaufort Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Fripp Island</a>
                 , 26.ix.1973, G.C. Steyskal (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Highland Fall</a>
                 , 6.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Cobleskill</a>
                 , 11.viii.1970, L. Knutson (1♀, USNM), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Glencarlyn</a>
                 , 23.v.1925, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Falls Church</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Holmes Run</a>
                 , 24.viii.1960, light trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Rosslyn</a>
                 , 25.vi.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Great Falls
Park
</a>
                 , swamp trail, 38°59.4'N, 77°15.2'W, Malaise trap, trap #1, 3-7.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Agromyza pudica is recorded here in Canada, D.C., and five states for the first time. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/47B4AB4AF98AE554B80BB68278D4B3A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D9FA11D5A2DB67470B1691E95BA0A9E9.text	D9FA11D5A2DB67470B1691E95BA0A9E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza soka Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Agromyza soka Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale</p>
            <p>Figs 221-224</p>
            <p> Agromyza soka Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, 2018: 13. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(from Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Wing length 2.3-2.5 mm (♂), 2.3-3.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.9-9.2. Ocellar triangle relatively small and rounded. First flagellomere small and nearly circular or slightly longer than high, with nearly indistinct apical tuft of pale hairs. Notum pruinose.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two or three ori (anterior seta small if present); two ors. Ocellar and postvertical setae subequal to outer vertical seta. Five dorsocentrals, strongly decreasing in length anteriorly. Eight irregular rows of acrostichal setulae. Mid tibia with one (male paratype) or two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown with light brown reflection. Body predominantly dark brown (female darker) with light pruinosity; antenna dirty orange with distal 1/2 of first flagellomere infuscated (more so dorsally) in holotype, entirely brown in paratypes, with antenna entirely dark brown in female; frontal vitta, gena and postgena paler; apices of fore or all femora narrowly yellow; tarsi yellow; fore tibia light brown, fading to yellow at base. Calypter white with hairs brown. Halter white.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 221-224) Surstylus not distinct from epandrium, barely visible laterally, flat on inner surface and with four large spines. Cerci narrow and convergent. Hypandrium broad with thick arch, small apical process, and large inner lobe with two distal setae and several minute basal pits. Postgonite lobate and downturned. Proepiphallus and metepiphallus strongly reduced, flattened. Phallophorus elongate on left side. Halves of basiphallus strongly diverging from, and partially fused to phallophorus; lateromedially with lightly sclerotised membranous lobe; apex folded inwards, with pointed basal process and elongate distal process that is fused to mesophallus. Hypophallus broad, flat, and heavily sclerotised; apically split in dissected NC male. Mesophallus cylindrical, dark, basally rounded, slightly longer than wide, fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus broad, black, ventrally tilted and cup-like with constricted opening enclosing haired inner process. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed with blade paler, no medial rib evident.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Fabaceae -  Robinia pseudoacacia ,  Wisteria floribunda . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CT, NC, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: nr. Plummers Isl., 20.v.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p> Paratypes: USA. CT: Hartford Co., East Hartford, Two Rivers Magnet Middle School, 4.vi.2016, em. 27-29.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Robinia pseudoacacia , #CSE3574, CNC939943-939946 (3♂ 1♀, CNC), NC: Scotland Co., Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 24.iv.2015, em. 16-18.iii.2016, T.S. Feldman, ex  Robinia pseudoacacia , #CSE2248, CNC653954, CNC653955 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 10.iv.2017,  Robinia pseudoacacia , em. 22.iv.2018, #CSE4423, CNC1135665 (1♂, CNC), 4.iv.2016, em. 18.iv- 3.v.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Wisteria floribunda , #CSE3518, CNC939744-939747 (1♂ 3♀, CNC). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9FA11D5A2DB67470B1691E95BA0A9E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
AAD218ABDF592EA4BAA0928D2557E5DE.text	AAD218ABDF592EA4BAA0928D2557E5DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza tacita Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Agromyza tacita Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 225-231</p>
            <p> Agromyza tacita Spencer, 1969: 59. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 66. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (Fig. 225). Externally as described for  A. bispinata except as follows: Wing length 2.3-3.3 mm (♂). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.5-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.7-4.8. Small additional ori present in male with five spines on surstylus. First flagellomere sometimes paler with orange tint or predominantly orange with distal 1/2 infuscated; always enlarged in male. Postpronotum sometimes light brown or with orange tint. Wing veins brown to yellow. Fore tibia of MD male yellow with centre brownish. </p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 226-231) Surstylus fused to epandrium, easily viewed laterally, with dark anterior lobe and dark pronounced protuberances at base of marginal spines (three to five in number). Hypandrium, postgonite and ejaculatory apodeme as described for  A. bispinata . Left sclerite of basiphallus overlapping base of right sclerite, which is fused to phallophorus; both halves with lateromedial membranous projection, and with weak connection to incurved distal section. Distiphallus of "  Agromyza nigripes -type" (capsule-shaped with subbasal opening for entry of ejaculatory duct, pronounced dorsobasal collar, and medial convolution); ventral curve with truncated sclerotised elbow; distal section with bulging, internally spinulose medial section. </p>
            <p> Variation: Dissected paratype with two spines on surstylus (as in  A. bispinata ), but surstylus and remaining genitalia otherwise identical to holotype. </p>
            <p>Variation: female paratypes: Wing length 2.9-3.1 mm. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.4. Eye height divided by gena height: 8.7-11.8. First flagellomere smaller, ovate; base always orange, reminder orange to brown. Anterior 1/2 of frons sometimes orangish.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - likely  Poaceae (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB*, MB[?], NB*, ON, QC. USA: MD*, MO, NH*, NY*, UT*, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. ON: Ottawa, 17.vi.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC352973 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: Canada. MB: Int. Peace Gardens, Turtle Mtn. For. Res., 7.viii.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC Type No. 10355, CNC352975 (1♀, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 15.vii.1957, J.E.H. Martin, CNC Type No. 10355, CNC352977 (1♀, CNC), 20.vi.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC Type No. 10355, CNC352974 (1♂, CNC), QC: Hull, 5.vi.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC Type No. 10355, CNC352976 (1♀, CNC), Old Chelsea, summit of King Mt., 350 m, 11.vi.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC Type No. 10355, CNC352978 (1♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. AB: Elkwater L., 21.vii.1956, O. Peck, CNC353101 (1♂, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 11.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, Code-6035C, CNC352990-352992 (3♂, CNC), 12.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, Code-6040H, CNC352989 (1♂, CNC), 13.vii.1977, G.A. Calderwood, Code-5599I, CNC352993 (1♂, CNC), 30.vi.1977, J.R. Vockeroth, Code-5456V, CNC352986, CNC352987, CNC352981-352985 (7♂, CNC), 6.vii.1977, G.A. Calderwood, Code-54900, CNC352988 (1♂, CNC), 9.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, Code 6024R, Code-6024R, CNC352979, CNC352980 (2♂, CNC), ON: Ottawa, on leaf of  Philadelphus coronarius , 13.vii.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353100 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. MD:  Plummers Isl. , 14.vi.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), NH:  Jefferson Notch , 30.vii.1961, creek margin, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), NY:  Bear Mt. , 31.v.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), UT: Cache Co., Green Canyon, 23.vii.1964, Malaise trap, W.J. Hanson (1♂, USNM), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 3.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Fairfax Co., Dead Run, 9.vi.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> See comments for  Agromyza bispinata . The female paratypes of  A. tacita cannot be confidently assigned to this species, which is mostly defined by male genitalic characters, and their placement should be re-evaluated when the boundaries of species in the  A. bispinata complex can be better delimited. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AAD218ABDF592EA4BAA0928D2557E5DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
F7F0C28C922D3F7E97AA7051328B9849.text	F7F0C28C922D3F7E97AA7051328B9849.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza varifrons Coquillett 1902	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Agromyza varifrons Coquillett</p>
            <p>Figs 236-242</p>
            <p> Agromyza varifrons Coquillett, 1902: 189. Frick 1952a: 374; Spencer 1969: 59; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 269; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 85. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.7-2.2 mm (♂), 1.8-2.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.9-1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.5-10.0. Arista pubescent. First flagellomere small and rounded, without pale tuft of hairs. Fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting (more so anteriorly). Ocellar triangle small and rounded.</p>
            <p> Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Orbital setulae in one row. Ocellar and postvertical setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Two strong dorsocentral setae, with second seta ~  ¾ length of first seta; much weaker third dorsocentral not much larger than acrostichal seta. Acrostichal seta ~ 2  × length of setulae. Acrostichal setulae in 8 scattered rows, tapering posteriorly to level of first dorsocentral. Mid tibiae without posteromedial setae. </p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Antenna yellow to orange; first flagellomere darker orange with basal margin paler and with small brown curved spot around base of arista posteriorly and along outer surface. Frons yellow with posterolateral corner and posterior margin dark brown; orbital plate darker, brownish orange behind anterior ors, becoming darker posteriorly, and with narrow brownish line continuing anteriorly along eye margin beside ori; ocellar spot rounded, dark brown, slightly larger than tubercle; remaining posterior 1/2 or less of frontal vitta brownish orange, becoming darker posteriorly, sometimes with this dark region restricted to large circle around ocellar spot. Lunule light yellow. Gena yellow with ventral brownish line. Parafacial yellow. Face whitish yellow. Mouthparts yellow; clypeus with brown tint that is darker laterally. Postgena, back of head and remainder of body mostly dark brown; body subshiny. Apex of fore femur yellowish orange for length equal to width of femur apex; apex of mid femur narrowly paler brown apically; tibiae sometimes paler brown with base and apex yellowish, and mid tibia sometimes with yellow mottling medially; tarsi yellow, becoming more brown tinted on posterior legs; wing veins brown; halter yellow with orange-brown tint on stem; calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Variation: Posterior 1/2 of frons brownish in holotype and FL specimen. IL male with first flagellomere entirely light yellow, head brighter and scutum shiny.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 236-242) Epandrium as long as high; fused to small, inwardly directed surstylus. Cercus large, well-developed, venter of inner surface covered with tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium with large apical apodeme and narrow basal arms; medially with weakly sclerotised region connected to L-shaped inner lobe bearing row of minute setae. Postgonite in lateral view with short, flat globose body with extremely long tail; inner surface with apically setose shelf. Phallophorus elongate cylindrical, apicodorsal margin irregularly sclerotised to base of basiphallus. Basiphallus with small left basolateral plate partially fused to large dorsal plate that is strongly curved ventrally at base and with medial and apical lobes that wrap along right lateral surface of shaft. Ejaculatory duct widening to mesophallus, which is round, bulbous, and clear with thick triangular sclerotisation ventrally. Distiphallus composed of one pair of upturned  “wings” that nearly meet ventrally and are very narrowly connected dorsally; each wing with small, dark, smooth base expanding into densely haired, distally pointed lobes. Ejaculatory apodeme weakly sclerotised, with broad slanted base and short stem grading into thick blade with faint apical striations; sperm pump with slight basal sclerotisation. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Cannabaceae -  Celtis laevigata . Possibly  Ulmus Americana (  Ulmaceae ) (Eiseman 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON, QC. USA: AK, DC, FL, IA, IL, KS, MS, NY, PA, TX, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC: "District of Columbia" (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. FL:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Hialeah</a>
                 , em. 10.v.1963, mine  Celtis laevigata , 22.ix.1963 (1♂ 1♀ [same pin, with puparia]),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Gainesville</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Newman's
Lake
</a>
                 , 26.iv.1952, O. Peck, CNC352994 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Hialeah</a>
                 , 22.ix.1963, mine  Celtis laevigata , Em. 5.x.1963, [K.A. Spencer], CNC352996 (1♂ 1♀ [with puparia], CNC), IL: [illegible], 15.v.1919 (1♀, USNM), NY: Suffolk Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Stony Brook Village</a>
                 , larva coll. 19.vi.1993, S.J. Scheffer, 93-187 (1♂ [illustrated], USNM), eclosed 9.vii.1993 (1♂, USNM), eclosed 8.vii.1993 (1♀, USNM), eclosed 10.vii.1993 (3♂, USNM), eclosed 11.vii.1993 (1♀, USNM), elcosed 17.vii.1993 (1♂, USNM), TX: Kerrville, 4.iv.1959, J.F. McAlpine, CNC352995 (1♂, CNC), Welder Wildlife Ref. nr Sinton, 19-23.iii.1965, J.G. Chillcott, CNC352997 (1♀, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Turkey Run Park, nr. mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 26.iv-2.v.2007, D.R. Smith (3♀, USNM), Turkey Run Park, 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 18-30.v.2007 (1♀, USNM), 29.iii-25.iv.2007 (1♂, USNM), Great Falls Park, quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 24.iv-2.v.2007 (3♂ 1♀, USNM), 10-17.v.2007 (1♂, USNM), 3-10.v.2007 (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> This species is clearly allied to  Agromyza aristata , being similar in external and male genitalic morphology. The anterior portion of the head is mostly pale, the cercus is covered with small tubercle-like setae along the anterior surface, and the mesophallus is a ventral band separate from a curved, plate-like distiphallus. The most immediate difference in the genitalia is the densely haired distiphallus and short mesophallus, but the hypophallus has an apical apodeme, the basiphallus is also strongly curved and irregular in outline, the postgonite broadly lobate (lateral view) and the ejaculatory apodeme is well-developed. Externally, the pale portions of  A. aristata are light yellow, not orange to yellowish, and the legs are extensively yellow. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F7F0C28C922D3F7E97AA7051328B9849	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
30A6500B411EDF1CFC5F1A03A67A7B9A.text	30A6500B411EDF1CFC5F1A03A67A7B9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza virginiensis Spencer 1977	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza virginiensis Spencer</p>
            <p>Fig. 151</p>
            <p> Agromyza virginiensis Spencer, 1977: 237. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 64. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 3.2 mm. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.4. First flagellomere longer than wide with rounded apex; apical margin possibly with longer, paler hairs. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial slightly projecting. Ocellar triangle broadly rounded and short, not extending much past ocelli. Buccal cavity subquadrate.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Four ori; one ors (not two as reported by previous authors). Four postsutural dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body predominantly brown with halter white. Gena (excluding ventral margin), parafacial and frons (excluding posterolateral corner, posterior margin and ocellar triangle) light brownish orange, with fronto-orbital plate lightly pigmented posteriorly to base of posterior ori. First flagellomere, scape and pedicel orange, sometimes with dark spot at base of arista. Lunule orange. Face brown. Palpus and clypeus dark brown. Calypter margin and hairs white. Legs dark brown with knees yellow and tibiae and tarsi with orange tint (brighter on tarsi).</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Fig. 151) Surstylus triangular with basal suture obliterated; with minute apical setae and medial tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium relatively long and narrow with minute apical point. Postgonite very broad, flat, and lobate. Halves of basiphallus long with ventral margin weakly defined, apices hooked, and right sclerite with broader base. Distiphallus very long, cylindrical, dark and with distal 2/5 bifid and not strongly curved. Ejaculatory apodeme small and thin, without apical blade.</p>
            <p>Variation: Canadian material differs as follows: wing length 3.0-3.2 mm (♂), 3.4-3.8 mm (♀); eye height divided by gena height 5.1-10.6; first flagellomere with relatively discrete ovate pilose patch; 2 ors and 2-3 ori; first flagellomere brownish on distal and dorsal margins anterior to arista base; posterior 1/3 of frons much darker; fronto-orbital plate with ill-defined brown margin along length; parafacial dark brown; distiphallus only split on distal 1/10.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - adult collected on  Phyllocarpus (  Fabaceae ). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON*. USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Great Falls, vi.1922, Banks (1♂, MCZ).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Orleans , Chapel Hill, at flowers of  Phyllocarpus , 23.vi.1994, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353052 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, Damp second-growth  Acer -  Betula woods, 12.vii.1994, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353053 (1♀, CNC), 15.vi.1998, CNC353059 (1♀, CNC), 16.viii.1992, CNC353046 (1♂, CNC), 17.vi.2003, CNC353056 (1♀, CNC), 2.vii.1993, CNC353044 (1♂, CNC), 24.vii.2000, CNC353049 (1♂, CNC), 29.vi.1994, CNC353058 (1♀, CNC), 29.vi.1997, CNC353047 (1♂, CNC), 29.vii.1992, CNC353045 (1♂, CNC), 30.vi.1991, CNC353054 (1♀, CNC), 30.vii.1993, CNC353051 (1♀, CNC), 6.viii.1993, CNC353043, CNC353057 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), 7.viii.1993, CNC353050 (1♂, CNC), 7.viii.2000, CNC353055 (1♀, CNC), 9.vii.2000, CNC353048 (1♂, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The Canadian material varies slightly from the holotype, being more similar in external appearance to  Agromyza ambrosivora , although the straight (not strongly curled) distiphallus would seem to preclude this option, and the anterior margin of the buccal cavity is relatively straight (more pointed in  A. ambrosivora ). The phallus of these Canadian specimens further differs from the holotype in that only the apex of the distiphallus is cleft, but these external and phallic differences will be tentatively treated as within-species variation until additional specimens can be measured. </p>
            <p> The phallus is similar to that of a Nearctic and European leaf miner on  Urtica (  Urticaceae ),  Agromyza reptans (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 395, 396). The distiphallus of both is straight and apically split, but that of  A. reptans is much shorter, paler, and with the apical split represented by one pair of separate, darker cylindrical arms (not the ends of a single, continuous, narrow tube), barely longer than wide and stouter than the base. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/30A6500B411EDF1CFC5F1A03A67A7B9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4A92738683BCAC667666A9BBE6895CAD.text	4A92738683BCAC667666A9BBE6895CAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agromyza vockerothi Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Agromyza vockerothi Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 243-249</p>
            <p> Agromyza vockerothi Spencer, 1969: 60. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 269; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 14. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Externally as described for  A. isolata except as follows: Wing length 2.4-2.7 mm (♂), 2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.8-6.5. Sometimes three ori on one side of frons. Overall colour slightly darker, with antenna dark brown and calypter margin and hairs always brown; mid and hind tibiae brown with apex and sometimes base yellowish. First flagellomere sometimes appearing slightly angulate and with some longer apical hairs. </p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 243-249) Surstylus not distinct from epandrium (which has desclerotised distal emargination), and with several setae and tubercle-like setae on inner margin. Hypandrium long and narrow, sides nearly parallel and with tapered apical process. Postgonite small, dome-like with several outer setulae. Phallophorus atrophied on right side, produced and slightly setulose on left side, fused to right sclerite of basiphallus, twisting around shaft; left sclerite of basiphallus narrow, curving around venter at base. Basiphallus broad and fringed basally with dextral twist. Hypophallus composed of weak, long narrow band. Mesophallus short, cylindrical, with longer ventral plate. Distiphallus short, subcylindrical with ventral break, and fringed along distal and ventral margins.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Rosaceae -  Rubus . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, ON, NS. USA: CT*, DC*, MA, MD*, NC, NH*, NY*, PA*, TN, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. NS: Shelburne, 10.viii.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, Type No. 10356, CNC352998 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>ON: Maynooth, 22.vi.1953, J.F. McAlpine, CNC353000 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 5.vi.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC353001, CNC353002 (2♂, CNC), Golden Lake, 3.ix.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353003 (1♀, CNC), QC: Old Chelsea, 18.viii.1961, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC352999 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. BC: 20 km E Pemberton, 14.viii.1991, A. Borkent, CNC353014, CNC353015 (2♂, CNC), Hagensborg, 12.vii.1992, A. Borkent, CNC353016 (1♂, CNC), 42 km NE Hope, 2.viii.1991, A. Borkent, CNC353015 (1♂, CNC), 32 mi SW of Terrace, 9.vii.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC353017 (1♂, CNC), ON: St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, Aubrey Island, 4.ix.1976, W. Reid, Code 4618-R, CNC353006 (1♂, CNC),  St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park ,  Cedar Island , 31.viii.1976, W. Reid, Code 4586-L, CNC353007 (1♀, CNC),  St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park , McDonald Is., 14.vi.1976, 6.ix.1976, A. Carter, W. Reid, Code 4092-J, Code 4633-G, CNC353005, CNC353008 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park , Thwartway Is., 24.vii.1976, W. Reid, Code 4198-L, CNC353009 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. CT: Kent Fall, 28.viii.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Redding, 28.v.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), DC: Washington,  “v-17” , J.M. Aldrich (1?, USNM), MA: Franklin Co., Northfield,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Crag Mountain</a>
                 , 11.x.2013, ex.  Rubus (blackberry), em. 27.iii.2014, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE1030, CNC384794 (1♂, CNC), MD: Glen Echo, 21.viii.1921, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM), Colesville, 1.v.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Dickerson, 14.vii.1974, G.A. Foster (1♀, USNM), NC: Highlands,  Wilson’s Gap, 944 m, 12.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC353011 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Mitchell Co.</a>
                 , Roan Mtn, 1889 m, 13.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC353010 (1♀, CNC), Wyah Bald, 13.vi.1957, C.J. Durden, CNC353012 (1♀, CNC), NH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">White Mts.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Stinson Lake</a>
                 , 23.vii.1961, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">
Allegany 
St. Pk.</a>
                 , 28.v-3.vi.1963, stream margin, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Orleans Co.</a>
                 , Albion, 11.vi.1963, Burma woods, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Monroe Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Braddock Bay</a>
                 , 12.vi.1963, near marsh, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), PA: Mineral Spr., 5.ix.1927, A.L. Melander (2♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Monroe Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Mt. Pocono</a>
                 , 28.vii.1985, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), TN: Smokies, Chimneys, A.L. Melander, 25.vi.1941 (1♀, USNM), 20.vi.1941 (1♂, USNM), Indian Gap to  Clingman’s Dome, 5200-6600', 6.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC353004 (1♂, CNC), VA: Luray, 24.vi.1923, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Turkey Run Park, nr. mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, river trap, 17-24.v.2006, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A92738683BCAC667666A9BBE6895CAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
72016D3B153A9F6EA5A55BE09AF826E0.text	72016D3B153A9F6EA5A55BE09AF826E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amauromyza abnormalis (Malloch)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Amauromyza abnormalis (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 413-417</p>
            <p> Agromyza abnormalis Malloch, 1913a: 320. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Amauromyza) abnormalis . Frick, 1952a: 393, 1959: 378. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza abnormalis . Spencer, 1969: 158; Bautista-Martinez et al. 1997: 461. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza (Cephalomyza) abnormalis . Spencer, 1981: 148; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 273; Boucher 2012b: 737;  Černý et al. 2020: 200. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 1.8-2.2 mm (♂), 2.2-2.7 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.3-2.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.3-3.1. Gena broad, ventral margin straight, highest posteriorly. Epistoma ~ 2/3 length of clypeus with anterior margin relatively straight. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial projecting, visible laterally but less pronounced than in  A. karli . First flagellomere ~ 1/3 longer than high and with anterodistal corner slightly to indistinctly angulate. Lunule height &lt;1/2 width. Distance between cross-veins distinctly longer than dm-m. Thorax with light pruinosity. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori (uncommonly two or four); two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae as long as ors. Setulae on tubercle slender, as long as ocellus. Orbital setulae short and indistinct to absent, reclinate. Four dorsocentrals: one presutural, posterior two well-developed, posterior-most slightly longer, anterior two short. Acrostichal setulae in four scattered rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Entire body (including knob of halter, which is only paler around sutures) brown except as follows: gena, parafacial, lunule and frons light brown; lateral and posterior margins of frons darker, with dark stripe on margin extending to surround bases of fronto-orbitals; clypeus and lower margin of gena very dark and shiny; face darker towards centre. Calypter margin and hairs pale brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 413-417) Hypandrium stout and broadly arched; inner lobe weakly sclerotised, separated by suture and with several medial setae on narrow, well-sclerotised strip. Halves of basiphallus separate, plate-like; hypophallus weakly sclerotised, split. Paraphallus small, lobate, membranous. Mesophallus approximately as long as wide, slightly compressed dorsoventrally. Distiphallus dense, dark, globular; surrounded by minute spinules apically and larger spicules basally (also see comments below). Ejaculatory apodeme broad on distal 2/3 with margin pale; stem broad; sperm pump bowl-shaped, broadly rounded, lightly sclerotised.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Amaranthaceae -  Amaranthus (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: BC, MB, NB*, ON, QC. USA: AZ, CA, CO*, DC, IA, KS, MD*, MO*, NM. Mexico. Germany (  Černý et al. 2020). While previously reported Palaearctic records of  A. abnormalis were determined to represent  A. chenopodivora Spencer (Spencer 1976; Boucher 2012b),  Černý et al. (2020) listed specimens of  A. abnormalis collected at a single locality in Germany that they suggest result from introduction of its New World host  Amaranthus retroflexus in Europe. </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. DC: Washington, vi.1903, "97270, on aphid", "on roots of  Amarantha " (1♀, USNM; type No. 15583). </p>
            <p>Paratype: USA. KS: Twilight, Lawrence, July, E.S. Tucker (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> Canada.   CANADA. BC:  Robson , 13.vi.1952, H.R. Foxlee, CNC358588 (1♀, CNC), MB: Brandon, 10.viii.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358587 (1♀, CNC), NB: Dannebrog, 18.viii.1960, W.F. Rapp (1♀, USNM), ON: Chatham, 29.viii.1928, A.B. Baird, 18333A, CNC358590 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 11.vii.1957, J.E.H. Martin, CNC358589 (1♀, CNC), QC: Abbotsford, 19.vi.1937, G. Shewell, CNC358591 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CO: Custer Co., 10 mi SW of Wetmore, 8.viii.1973, G.F. and S. Hevel (1♀, USNM), IA:  Ames , 16.viii.1924, H.L. Sweetman,  “2690” (1♀, USNM),  Mills Co. , 2mi SW Glenwood, 27.viii.1969, R.R. Pinger (1♂, USNM), MD:  Montgomery Co. , 4mi S of Ashton,  Malaise trap, G.F. and J.F. Hevel, 6.ix.1981 (1♂, USNM), 31.v.1986 (1♂, USNM), MO:  Boone Co. :  Columbia , Malaise trap, 7am-4pm, 9.ix.1967, P.D. Parker (1♂, USNM), Columbia, Malaise trap, F.D. Parker, 17-31.viii.1968 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 16-31.vii.1968 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), 1-15.vii.1968 (1♂, USNM), 6.vii.1968 (1♀, USNM), 6.ix.1968 (1♀, USNM), 7.viii.1968 (4♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Amauromyza abnormalis , an internal stem borer, is a widespread species that can be distinguished from other Delmarva  Phytomyzinae by an entirely or predominantly dark halter. Other  Amauromyza with brown maculations on the halter are known only from California, and the halter of  Nemorimyza maculosa (Malloch) is mostly white with a brown spot. </p>
            <p>The shape of the distiphallus of the dissected male from Maryland is of an intermediate morphology between those illustrated from California and Quebec in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b), being quite similar to the New Mexico specimen photographed in Boucher (2012b). These intermediates support the concept of a single morphologically variable species, not two separate species, as suggested by Spencer and Steyskal (1986b).</p>
            <p> While tentatively treating the European representatives of  Amauromyza abnormalis as conspecific with the new World fauna, Spencer (1976) later considered them distinct, placing them in the new species  A. chenopodivora Spencer. Aside from a difference in host plant genus (  Chenopodium album ), he made this distinction on the basis of slight variation in the male genitalia. The male examined by Sasakawa (1961) has a strong resemblance to the illustration in Spencer (1971) and it is likely that Spencer would have also classified these as  A. chenopodivora . The illustration of the Californian male in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b), however, has a very strong resemblance to the British male illustrated by Spencer (excluding a slight strengthening of the apex of the basiphallus and a basal proliferation of spinules on the membrane surrounding the distiphallus), and it is uncertain as to what specifically he used as evidence to differentiate the two. The status of  A. chenopodivora was treated in Boucher (2012b), who examined material from Sweden and found that the specimens were slightly larger with differences in the phallus and concluded that they were distinct from those in the Nearctic. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/72016D3B153A9F6EA5A55BE09AF826E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
6E4BE576EE91386E9C64495EF7D8629E.text	6E4BE576EE91386E9C64495EF7D8629E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen 1830)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen)</p>
            <p>Figs 84, 85, 418-424, 429</p>
            <p> Agromyza flavifrons Meigen, 1830: 184. </p>
            <p> Agromyza exigua Meigen, 1830: 184. Hendel 1931 [synonymy]. Spencer and Martinez 1987 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza xanthocephala Brischke, 1881: 242 [nec. Zetterstedt]. Hendel 1931 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Trilobomyza) flavifrons . Hendel 1931: 71. </p>
            <p> Trilobomyza flavifrons . Spencer 1969: 160. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza (Trilobomyza) flavifrons . Spencer 1972: 46, 1987: 877. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza (Cephalomyza) flavifrons . Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 275; Scheffer et al. 2007: 770; Boucher 2012b: 744;  Černý et al. 2020: 201. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza flavifrons . Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 86; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 25; Eiseman et al. 2021: 20. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (Figs 84, 85, 429). Wing length 1.8-2.3 mm (♂), 2.0-2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.3-3.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.9-4.7. Gena shallow, highest posteriorly and strongly angled upwards anteriorly. Epistoma shallow and broadly rounded. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial soft, fronto-orbital plate somewhat visible laterally. Lunule height ~ 0.6-0.8  × width. First flagellomere subcircular, with minute tuft of slightly longer hairs apically. Distance between cross-veins approximately as long as dm-m or shorter. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two or three ori; two or three ors (rarely one). Orbital setulae short, dark and erect, but sometimes strengthened and appearing as shorter additional ori. Setulae on tubercle strong, erect. Postocellar and ocellar setae as long as ors, with ocellar slightly shorter. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural; decreasing in length anteriorly; sometimes with additional strengthened setula near suture. Acrostichal setulae in four to five scattered rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Body colour faintly to strongly infused with orange tint. Head mostly yellow; first flagellomere light brown to brown excluding base, but sometimes more broadly yellowish; pedicel brownish (sometimes yellow apically); back of head dark brown; posterolateral corner of frons dark brown to base of vertical setae; palpus, face, clypeus, and lower margin of gena brown; gena sometimes brownish. Thorax dark brown with light dusting of pruinosity. Halter yellow. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs dark brown with apex of fore femur yellow. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 418-424) Epandrium fused with surstylus, interface evident by partial suture; surstylus setose, short, broadly lobate; surstylus and posterodistal margin of epandrium curved inwards. Subepandrial sclerite consisting of one pair of well-sclerotised lateral plates (one seta each apically) joined by broad membranous space medially; with weakly sclerotised triangular lobe underneath cerci. Epiphallus weakly sclerotised, but divided into one pair of ill-defined plates with four strong ridges on anterior plate that are weakly attached to strong saddle-shaped basal plate meeting phallophorus. Hypandrium small, broadly rounded and stout. Postgonite bare, curved medially, with weak inner-medial lobe, apically subcircular with distal 1/2 weakly sclerotised. Ejaculatory duct broad, lightly pigmented, becoming darker and slightly wider apically. Basiphallus with weak subquadrate dorsobasal plate distally branching (from left side) into two darker bands, the right band wider with dorsum paler; apically narrowed and paler, medially fusing with broad, black ventral extension of distiphallus (possibly homologous to paraphalli). Mesophallus not discernible, likely fused into base of distiphallus. Distiphallus as long as distance from its base to apex of phallophorus; black, split along most of length into two stout processes that slightly widen apically; membrane surrounding distiphallus with minute clear spinulae around apex with medial line smoother. Ejaculatory apodeme paler to apex, broad blade continuous with stem, gradually tapering to base; sperm pump sclerotised, broadly bowl-shaped or somewhat pointed ventromedially.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Amaranthaceae - Beta,  Spinacia .  Asteraceae -  Bidens *; two ON females reared from "Wild  Aster ".  Caryophyllaceae -  Agrostemma ,  Atocion ,  Atriplex ,  Cerastium ,  Dianthus ,  Gypsophila ,  Honckenya ,  Lychnis ,  Melandrium ,  Moehringia ,  Myosoton ,  Saponaria ,  Silene ,  Stellaria ,  Vaccaria .  Chenopodiaceae -  Chenopodium ,  Spinacia (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Eiseman et al. 2021; Ellis 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: BC, ON, QC. USA: DE, IL, MA, MD*, MI, MN, NC*, NY, OH, OR, PA, VA*, VT, WA; leaf mines only in CT, IA, ID, KY, WI (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Tunisia, Western Europe to the Kyrghyz Republic and North Korea (Spencer 1976;  Černý et al. 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Germany (1♀, MNHN). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p> Canada. BC: Vancouver, Point Grey, 17.ix.1972, J.R. Vockeroth (3♂, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 695 Malibu Tr., 45°22'16.29"N, 75°42'57"W, 20.vi.2017, O. Lonsdale, ex  Silene vulgaris , em. 6.vii.2017, CNC799453, CNC799454 (2♀, CNC), Ottawa, 23.viii.1971, ex wild  Aster , H.J. Teskey (2♀, CNC), Ottawa, winter 1965-66, bred from leaf mine in  Dianthus , M. Hildebrand, reared in lab (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 23.v.1975, H.C.W. Walther (1♀ 4 puparia, CNC), Ottawa, 21.viii.1974, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, damp second-growth  Acer -  Betula wood, J.R. Vockeroth, 21.v.1991 (1♂, CNC), 25.v.1991 (2♂, CNC), 26.vi.1991 (2♀, CNC), 6.vii.1991 (1♀, CNC), 9.vii.1991 (1♀, CNC), 11.vii.1991 (1♀, CNC), 17.vii.1993 (5♂, CNC), 8.viii.1993 (1♀, CNC), 13.viii.1993 (1♂, CNC), 28.viii.1993 (1♂, CNC), 12.vii.1994 (4♂, CNC), 30.v.1995 (1♂, CNC), 29.viii.1997 (1♂, CNC), 1.ix.1997 (1♂, CNC), 6.xi.1997 (1♂, CNC), 14.viii.1998 (1♂, CNC), 5.vii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 11.vii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 12.vii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 12.viii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 15.viii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 21.viii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 27.viii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 29.viii.2000 (1♂, CNC), 2.x.2000 (1♀, CNC), 16.vii.2002 (1♂, CNC), 22.viii.2002 (1♂, CNC), 16.ix.2002 (1♂, CNC), 14.vii.2003 (2♂, CNC), 15.vii.2003 (2♂, CNC), 3.viii.2003 (1♂, CNC), 21.viii.2003 (1♂, CNC), 24.viii.2002 (2♂, CNC), Thornhill, J.R. Vockeroth, 30.v.1964 (29♂ 33♀, CNC), Metcalf, 28.vii.1993, B.E. Cooper (2♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. N.P., Grenadier I. Centre, 28.vii.1975, E. Sigler (2♂, CNC), QC: Gatineau Pk., Old Chelsea, H.J. Teskey, 28, vii.1971 (1♂ 1♀ [with puparium], CNC), viii.1971 (1♀, CNC), Hull,  Diptera on  Bidens , 25.viii.1960, C.D. Miller (1♀ [with puparium and host leaf], CNC). England. Torcross, Devon, 14.vii.1942, G.E. Shewell (1♀, CNC). Europe. No data, "Dizygom. flavifrons Mg. ♂ det. Hendel" (1♂, USNM), "Dizygom. flavifrons Mg. det. Hendel" (1♂, USNM). Germany. Mine an:  Cerastium holosteoides , Hering Z: Crossen a.O., 1964,  Mühlhausen Thüringen , H. Buhr, 2298 (2♂ [same pin], CNC), Mine an:  Coronaria floscuculi [=  Lychnis flos-cuculi L.], Crossen a.O., Hering: Z. (1♀, CNC). Hungary. Budapest, Janoshed, em. 21.vi.1964, mine  Melandrium sp. 28.v.1964, K.A. Spencer (1♀ [with puparium], CNC). USA. MD: Colesville, W.W. Wirth, 11.vii.1974 (1♀, USNM), 24.vii.1974 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), 14.vi.1975 (1♀, USNM), 4.vii.1976 (2♀, USNM), 28.vii.1976 (2♀, USNM), 14.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), 18.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), 28.v.1977 (1♂, USNM), 26.vi.1977 (2♂, USNM), Montgomery Co., Colesville, 3.viii.1979, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), OH: Portage Co., 3mi E Kent, 10.vi.1969, Biol. Note No. 6901, S. Whitney (1♀, USNM), Hocking Co., South Bloomingville, Deep Woods Farm, 24.x.2013, em. 26- 28.iii.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Silene rotundifolia , #CSE1028, CNC384742-384747 (6♀, CNC), OR: Lane Co., Blue River, 24.vii.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Silene coronaria em. 18-30.vii.2016, #CSE3037, CNC638887-638890 (3♂, 1♀, CNC), NC: Jackson Co., Dulaney Bog, 7mi S Cashiers, 19.vi.1986, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), VA: Giles Co., Mountain Lake, 7.ix.1976, G.C. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Fairfax Co., Turkey Run Park, 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, 12-26.vii.2007, D.R.Smith (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Amauromyza flavifrons , a distinct black and yellow to orange-tinted species that often has numerous fronto-orbitals, was first collected in North America by J.R. Vockeroth in Thornhill, Ontario in 1964. Spencer (1969) suggested that it may have been introduced from Europe on cultivated  Dianthus . Collection records support this concept, showing the geographic spread of this species in subsequent years: from Ohio in 1969, Vancouver in 1972, Washington in 1973, Maryland in 1974, Wisconsin in 1975 (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b), Edmonton in 1975 (G.C. Griffiths, pers. comm.), Virginia in 1976, Delaware in 1979 (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b), Vermont in 1980 and North Carolina in 1986. The Edmonton specimens were reared from  Dianthus barbatus , emerging on 24-26 July; other mines were only seen within the city on garden plants and weeds, supporting the idea that they were first introduced on commercial plants (G.C. Griffiths, pers. comm.). </p>
            <p> Amauromyza flavifrons is known to regularly occur on beet and spinach, but normally low population densities keep it from becoming a serious pest (Dempewolf 2004). The anthomyiid  Pegomya Macquart also occurs on beet, and mines of one may be confused for the other, although those of  Pegomyia are much larger, darker, and more damaging to the leaves (C. Eiseman, pers. comm.). Similar damage on  Dianthus (carnations) causes proportionally more damage, significantly decreasing market value. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E4BE576EE91386E9C64495EF7D8629E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
66DC0FD750ED11058054FF8BC808F3B4.text	66DC0FD750ED11058054FF8BC808F3B4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amauromyza Hendel 1931	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Amauromyza Hendel</p>
            <p> Redia Lioy, 1864: 1313 [preoccupied by Filippi (1837)]. Type species:  Agromyza gyrans Fallén , 1823, by subsequent designation [Coquillett 1910: 599]. Frick 1952a [as synonym of  Calycomyza ]. Spencer and Martinez 1987 [as synonym of  Amauromyza ]. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza Hendel, 1931: 59 [as subgenus of  Dizygomyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza lamii Kaltenbach, 1858, by original designation. Frick 1952a: 393 [as subgenus of  Phytobia ]; Nowakowski 1962: 97 [as genus]; Spencer 1969: 157; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 78; Zlobin 1996: 271; Boucher 2012b: 735. </p>
            <p> Irenomyia Nowakowski, 1960: 421. Type species:  Xeniomyza obscura Rohdendorf-Holmanova, 1959, by monotypy. Spencer 1966 [as synonym of  Melanophytobia ]. Spencer and Martinez 1987 [as synonym of  Amauromyza ]. </p>
            <p> Melanophytobia Hering, 1960: 127 [as subgenus of  Phytobia ]. Type species:  Phytobia chamaebalani Hering, 1960, by monotypy. Spencer and Martinez 1987). </p>
            <p> Campanulomyza Nowakowski, 1962: 97. Type species:  Agromyza gyrans Fallén , 1823, by monotypy. Spencer 1976 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Trilobomyza Hendel, 1931: 71 [as subgenus of  Dizygomyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza flavifrons Meigen, 1830, by original designation. Spencer 1969: 161 [as genus]. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [as synonym of  Cephyalomyza ]. Spencer 1987: 877 [as valid subgenus]. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza is a morphologically diverse genus of at least 60 species. Boucher (2012b) provided the most recent treatment of the genus, revising the Canadian fauna and providing a list of world species. The genus is defined entirely by male genitalic characters, making it difficult to identify externally, although many species have a very high gena that can be&gt; 1/3-1/2 the height of the eye (as in  A. karli ), and all Delmarva species have four scattered rows of acrostichal setulae, no acrostichal setae, four dorsocentrals (the presutural seta is sometimes absent in species found elsewhere), erect to reclinate orbital setulae (proclinate or no setulae occur in a minority of species elsewhere), a weakly sclerotised frons that buckles anteriorly in preserved specimens, a costa that extends to vein M1 (to R4+5 in two European species), and a dark, heavily pigmented distiphallus that is surrounded by a spinulose membrane. Compounding this difficulty in identification, the most diagnostic character of the genus, a sclerotised, bowl-shaped sperm pump, is also found in some  Nemorimyza ,  Liriomyza and  Agromyzinae . A stout, semi-circular hypandrium is also characteristic, but this character is also found infrequently elsewhere in the subfamily. Previously, those phytomyzine species with a dark or spotted halter could be quickly assigned to the genus, but Zlobin (1996) produced a more thorough definition of  Amauromyza and discovered that this character was paralleled elsewhere, albeit uncommonly. </p>
            <p> Three subgenera were recognised as occurring in the Nearctic by Spencer and Steyskal (1986b):  Cephalomyza Hendel,  Catalpomyza Spencer and  Annimyzella Spencer (now a synonym of  Nemorimyza ; Zlobin 1996). A fourth subgenus,  Trilobomyza Hendel, which contains the introduced and increasingly widespread  A. flavifrons , was included as a junior synonym of  Cephalomyza , although Spencer (1987) used it as valid only a year later. The nominal subgenus is restricted to the Old World. Zlobin (1996) stated that the validity of the subgenera was uncertain, and they are not considered in the present revision pending future study to determine whether or not they are both monophyletic and useful for diagnosis. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/66DC0FD750ED11058054FF8BC808F3B4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
8761E932D320D14F7072FC10740956EF.text	8761E932D320D14F7072FC10740956EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amauromyza karli (Hendel)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Amauromyza karli (Hendel)</p>
            <p>Figs 86, 87, 425-428, 430</p>
            <p> Dizygomyza Karli Hendel, 1927: 253. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (  Cephalomyza ) Karli. Hendel 1931: 34. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza karli . Spencer 1969: 158, 1977: 242. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza (Cephalomyza) karli . Gil-Ortiz et al. 2009, Boucher 2012b: 746;  Černý 2018: 123;  Černý et al. 2020: 201. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 86, 87, 430). Wing length 1.7-2.0 mm (♂), 2.0-2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.8-2.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.6-1.8. Gena broad, highest posteriorly; cheek distinct. Epistoma at least as long as very narrow clypeus, strongly pointed anteriorly. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial produced, visible laterally and strongly projecting anteriorly. First flagellomere ~ 1/3 longer than high with anterodistal corner somewhat angulate, sometimes slightly shorter, and more rounded. Lunule height &lt;1/2 width. Distance between cross-veins distinctly longer than dm-m.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Cephalic setae very slender and relatively short. Vibrissa barely larger than genal setae. Three ori; one ors. Orbital setulae short and indistinct to absent, reclinate. Postocellar and ocellar setae slightly longer than ocellar tubercle; setulae on tubercle slender, as long as ocellus. Four to six dorsocentrals; one or two presutural with anterior two short. Acrostichal setulae in 2-4 straight to scattered rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae light brown. Head light yellow with ocellar tubercle and back of head above foramen brown, posterolateral corner of frons with brown spot encompassing vertical setae or just reaching base of inner vertical; base of ors sometimes with brownish spot; clypeus brownish to brown. Thorax dark brown (notopleuron paler) with colour largely obscured by silvery pruinosity. Halter yellow. Calypter white with margin and fringe often lemon yellow, but sometimes slightly brownish. Legs brown with fore coxa light brown, and trochanters, apices of femora (sometimes distal 1/3) and sometimes apices of coxae light yellow; base of tibiae sometimes yellow. Abdomen brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 425-428) Hypandrium stout and broadly rounded; inner lobe separated by suture, largely membranous and with several setae on small sclerotised medial plate. Plates of basiphallus short, distinct, approximate. Hypophallus membranous medially and with lateral margins sclerotised. Length of mesophallus ~ 2  × width. Distiphallus very dark, laterally  “haired” , C-shaped; entirely split and narrowly divided sagittally; base dorsal, narrower, stem-like; surrounding membrane with minute dark spinules laterally. Ejaculatory apodeme paler to apex, blade gradually narrowing basally to stout stem; sperm pump sclerotised, broad, hemispherical. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Amaranthaceae -  Chenopodium vulvaria (Gil-Ortiz et al. 2009),  C. album *,  C. quinoa *. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, BC*, MB, NS*, ON, QC, SK*. USA: MD*. Europe, Mongolia, South Korea (  Černý et al. 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Poland. "bei Stolp in Pommern ", 9.vii.1924 (1♀, NMW). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  CANADA. BC: Yoho N.P.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.72/lat 45.316998)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.72&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.316998">Kicking Horse Cmpgrnd</a>
                 , forested cmpgrnd, 51.4245°N, 116.4294°W, 1317 m asl, BIOBus (1♀, CNC), NS: Cumberland Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.72/lat 45.316998)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.72&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.316998">
Malagash 

Blue Sea 
Beach Day Park</a>
                 , 45°48'17"N, 63°18'15"W, 4.viii.2013, O. Lonsdale (1♂, CNC), Kouchibouguac N.P., 2.vii.1977, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 45°19'1.20"N, 75°43'12"W, 90 m, 20.vi.2016, J.E.  O’Hara , Malaise trap, CNC629539, CNC629543 (2♂, CNC), Ottawa, 23.vi.1964 (1♀, CNC), Essex Co., Kingsville, ex  Chenopodium album , em. i.1990, 17.ix.1989, K.L.P. Heal (2♂ 1♀, CNC), SK: near Clavet, quinoa field, 6.ix.2017, CNC939976 (1♂, CNC), vii-viii.2017, CNC939980, CNC939982-939984 (1♂ 3♀, CNC), near Colonsay, quinoa field, 5.vii.2017, NIS 2017-298, CNC939974, CNC939975 (2?, CNC)  .   USA. MD: Montgomery Co.,  Colesville , 26.vi.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), 30.vi.1977 (1♂, USNM), 21.v.1977 (1♂, USNM), 14.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), 4.vii.1976 (1♀, USNM), 18.ix.1977 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, Malaise trap, G.F. and J.F. Hevel, 1.ix.1981 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 6.vi.1986 (1♂, USNM), Bethseda, 10.vii.1970, G. Steyskal (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Amauromyza karli is here newly recorded for the United States. The large, bright yellow head, large epistoma, thick grey thoracic pruinosity and unusual phallus are diagnostic. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8761E932D320D14F7072FC10740956EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
F199DDDC9823D6F439577B9C2CA01503.text	F199DDDC9823D6F439577B9C2CA01503.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulagromyza Enderlein 1936	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Aulagromyza Enderlein</p>
            <p> Aulagromyza Enderlein, 1936a: 180. Type species:  Phytagromyza hamata Hendel, 1932: 283, by monotypy. von Tschirnhaus 1991: 304. </p>
            <p> Paraphytomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 180. [nomen nudum - no type species designated]. </p>
            <p> Paraphytomyza Enderlein, 1936b: 43. Type species:  Phytomyza xylostei Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851: 398, by original designation [=  Phytagromyza luteoscutellata Meijere, 1924 - original type misidentified, corrected by ICZN (1988)]. Spencer 1969: 203, 1987a: 255, 1987b: 557; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 162. von Tschirnhaus 1991 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Rubiomyza Nowakowski, 1962: 102. Type species:  Agromyza similis Brischke, 1881: 258, by original designation. Spencer 1969 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Literature prior to Spencer (1969) often grouped the Nearctic species of this genus in  Phytagromyza , which became a synonym of  Cerodontha when Nowakowski (1962) found that the type species,  Agromyza flavocingulata Strobl, was a senior synonym of  C. (Poemyza) semiatra Hendel - see Spencer (1969) for discussion. Following that publication, the name  Paraphytomyza was used until von Tschirnhaus (1991) found that name to be a junior synonym of the previously monotypic  Aulagromyza . Mirroring earlier proposals by Nowakowski (1962) and Spencer (1969), preliminary studies (Zlobin 2007c; Winkler et al. 2009) are increasingly supportive of a polyphyletic  Aulagromyza , with the unusual bright yellow  Salicaceae -feeding species possibly being more closely related to  Phytomyza . These include A. tridentata (Loew), which is treated below. </p>
            <p> Species of  Aulagromyza are diagnosed by a costa that ends at vein R4+5, the relative position of the cross-veins (if dm-m is present, it is distal to r-m, and if dm-m is absent then r-m is positioned far from bm-m), orbital setulae that are never proclinate (differentiating it from the similar  Phytomyza ), and an absence of the posteromedial mid tibial setae. Larvae are stem and leaf miners in  Apocynaceae ,  Asteraceae ,  Brassicaceae ,  Caprifoliaceae ,  Dipsacaceae ,  Fabaceae ,  Oleaceae ,  Rosaceae ,  Rubiaceae , and  Salicaceae (Zlobin 2007c). </p>
            <p> Zlobin (2007c) recognised 52 World species, 40 of which were Palaearctic. Three species have been confirmed in the Delmarva states, but Eiseman and Lonsdale (2019) also reported mines likely attributable to  Aulagromyza cornigera (Griffiths), a leaf miner on  Caprifoliaceae . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F199DDDC9823D6F439577B9C2CA01503	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
9B895E3BCDD0DEDE8FA2CFB3047487FC.text	9B895E3BCDD0DEDE8FA2CFB3047487FC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulagromyza nitida (Malloch 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Aulagromyza nitida (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 88, 431-434, 435</p>
            <p> Agromyza nitida Malloch, 1913a: 288. Frick 1952a: 373. </p>
            <p> Phytagromyza nitida . Frick, 1953: 74, 1959: 417. </p>
            <p> Paraphytomyza nitida . Spencer, 1969: 207; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 163. </p>
            <p> Aulagromyza nitida . von Tschirnhaus, 1991: 305; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 88, 435). Wing length 1.9-2.0 mm (♂), 1.9-2.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.4-2.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.7-5.0. First flagellomere relatively narrow, not higher than pedicel. Fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting, especially anteriorly. Gena horizontal on posterior 1/2, angled upwards on anterior 1/2. Proboscis relatively narrow, elongate, and geniculate. M1+2 weak. Cross-veins separated by length of dm-m. Ocellar triangle as long as wide.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori; two ors (slightly curved inwards, difficult to differentiate from ori). Ocellar seta as long as or slightly longer than tubercle, sometimes narrower than postocellar; postocellar longer, well-developed. Orbital setulae very few in number, weak, slightly reclinate. Two dorsocentrals, anterior seta 1/2-3/5 length. Six irregular rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Body predominantly dark brown, subshiny. Antenna brownish yellow with distal 2/3 or more of first flagellomere brown; clypeus and back of head brown; frons brownish yellow with ocellar triangle dark brown and dark spot at base of vertical setae extending to posterior or anterior ors along eye margin; remainder of fronto-orbital plate variably brownish from lateral margin; lunule, gena, palpus and parafacial yellow with shiny brown strip along ventral margin of gena; mouthparts brownish, partly brown along proboscis; face brown to dark brown, sometimes becoming paler laterally. Postpronotum light yellow to dirty white with brown anterior spot or anterior region fading to brown, but sometimes only posterior margin pale; notopleuron often paler brown with posterior margin sometimes yellowish. Fore knee (and occasionally mid and hind knees) yellowish. Halter yellow. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Wing veins brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 431-434) Surstylus separate from epandrium, minutely setose, small and rounded with extended posterobasal margin. Cerci separated by membranous region with weakly sclerotised transverse striations. Subepandrial sclerite composed of two converging lateral arms that are weakly connected to one pair of apical setae. Hypandrium stout and broadly rounded with apex slightly produced; inner lobe with small medial floating setose sclerite, and separate, narrow, curved sclerite with several basal setulae. Postgonite long and narrow with apex cleft and setulose. Phallus weakly sclerotised. Plates of basiphallus broad with bases converging and interlocking. Paraphallus small and leaf-like with apices pointed and bent. Mesophallus short, curved dorsally, laterally flattened, fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus bifid on distal 1/2 with slightly wider apical cups. Ejaculatory apodeme short and not strongly widened apically.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - likely a stem miner on  Galium (  Rubiaceae ) based on similarities to related species (Spencer 1990). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB. USA: CO*, CT*, DC*, IA, IL, KS, MD, NC, NY*, VA, WA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MD: Cabin John Bridge, 28.iv.1912, Knab and Malloch (1♀, USNM; type No. 15566).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                 Canada. AB: George Lk., 21.vi.1966, K.A. Spencer, CNC165181 (1♀, CNC) .   USA. CO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Boulder</a>
                 , Flagstaff Cn., 1767 m, on side of stream, 10.vi.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC358592 (1♀, CNC), CT: Stamford, 18.v.1919, A.H. Stutevant Collection, 1970 (1♀, USNM), DC: 11.vi.1926, J.M Aldrich (1♀, USNM), IL: White Heath, 8.v.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), KS: Nat. Hist. Res., Lawrence, 26.v.1956, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391383, CNC391384 (2♂, CNC), 27.iii.1954, CNC358595, CNC358596 (2♂, CNC), 28.iv.1956, CNC391380-391382, CNC391385-391393, CNC358593-358594,CNC358597-358598 (16♂, CNC), MD: Lavale, 9.v.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co., Bethseda, 5.v.1968, L.V. Knutson (1♀, USNM), Bethseda, 4.v.1969, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), NY: Tuxedo, 29.v.1926, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), VA: Chain Bridge, 23.iv.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.253334/lat 38.99)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.253334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.99">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Turkey Run Park, nr. Headquarters bldg. 38°57.7'N, 77°08.9'N, Malaise trap, 29.iii-17.iv.2007, D.R.Smith (2♂, USNM), Turkey Run Park, 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, 29.iii-25.iv.2007, D.R.Smith (2♂ 6♀, USNM), Great Falls Park, swamp trail, 38°59.4'N, 77°15.2'W, Malaise trap, 18.iv-2.v.2007, D.R.Smith, trap #2 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), WA: Vashon, 28.v.1937, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The two common Delmarva  Aulagromyza ,  A. nitida and  A. orbitalis , are primarily brown with whitish shoulders, and can occur in relatively large numbers. The only other common eastern  Aulagromyza is  A. luteoscutellata (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 1044-1046), which has a more yellowish head and notum, and is found in Europe, Canada, and the northern United States. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B895E3BCDD0DEDE8FA2CFB3047487FC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
43C0505FE324F987F61BD6FE8289A0E2.text	43C0505FE324F987F61BD6FE8289A0E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulagromyza orbitalis (Melander)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Aulagromyza orbitalis (Melander)</p>
            <p>Figs 436-441</p>
            <p> Phytomyza orbtalis Melander, 1913: 271. </p>
            <p> Phytagromyza orbitalis . Frick 1952a: 416, 1957: 204 [lectotype designation], 1959: 417. </p>
            <p> Paraphytomyza orbitalis . Spencer 1969: 207; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 165. </p>
            <p> Aulagromyza orbitalis . von Tschirnhaus 1991: 305; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 26; Eiseman et al. 2021: 21. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 436). Wing length 1.8-2.4 mm (♂), 2.1-2.6 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. M1+2 nearly spectral. First flagellomere slightly longer than high. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.8-8.1. Parafacial very narrow. Gena straight, angled upwards. Ocellar triangle length ~ 2/3 width with posterior ocelli widely spaced. Lunule shallow, semi-circular.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta sometimes reduced); two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Orbital setulae very small, fine, reclinate or more erect, in one row. Five to six dorsocentrals, four postsutural, decreasing in length anteriorly. Four relatively straight to scattered rows of acrostichal setulae. Prescutellar acrostichal seta small to strong. Small seta medial to presutural supra-alar.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae brown to dark brown. Base colour of body dark brown with brown pruinosity. Head dirty yellow to brownish; antenna yellow to brownish with first flagellomere brown to dark brown (inner base sometimes yellowish); frons with broad brown spot surrounding base of vertical setae that sometimes extends along eye margin lateral to posterior fronto-orbital; fronto-orbital plate sometimes brownish; ocellar triangle dark brown with broadly rounded corners that only slightly extend outside tubercle; gena brown below cheek with ventral margin dark brown; palpus light brown; face with brown mottling that predominates laterally, or face brown with yellow tint and yellow vertical stripe medially; back of head and clypeus dark brown. Postpronotum light yellow with large dark brown spot reaching anterior margin; notopleuron light yellow; anterolateral corner of postsutural scutum usually narrowly light yellow; posterolateral corner of scutum lateral to scutellum with ill-defined light yellow spot. Pleuron dark with limited light yellow margins posterodorsally on anepisternum. Halter yellow. Calypter pale with hairs brown. Wing veins brown. Legs with apex of femora yellow for length approximately equal to width of femur apex; fore tibia dirty yellow to yellow, sometimes brownish medially; base of mid and hind tibiae sometimes narrowly yellow; tarsi dirty yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 437-441) Epandrium shallow, loosely articulated with surstylus. Surstylus small, lobate, short setose. Cercus small, narrow. Hypandrium relatively thin with inner lobe broad and wrapped around dorsum of postgonite; lobe with two long inner setae and anteromedial process with several sockets. Postgonite long and narrow with dorsomedial tooth and upcurved split apex with two subapical setae. Phallus slightly twisted. Phallophorus short. Basiphallus composed of two broad, narrow plates, right 1/2 emarginate ventromedially; weakly connected to lobate paraphallus. Mesophallus not evident. Distiphallus 1/2 length of basiphallus, subcylindrical with base swollen and basally desclerotised, with indistinct ventromedial suture, apically widened and fringed; surrounded by subspherical sclerotised ball that is open dorsoapically and strengthened by transverse band dorsobasally. Ejaculatory apodeme evenly pigmented with narrow stalk and relatively broad apex.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Caprifoliaceae -  Diervilla ,  Lonicera ,  Symphoricarpos ,  Triosteum (Eiseman et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC*, MB, ON*, QC*, SK*. USA: CA, CO*, IA, ID, IL*, KS, MA, MD*, MI, NC, OK, WA, WI*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype: USA. WA: Kamiac Butte, 1.vi.1912, A.L. Melander collection (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p> Paralectotypes: USA. ID: Troy, 14.vi.1908, A.L. Melander (2♀, USNM), Moscow, Mt., A.L. Melander, 3.vi.1911 (2♂, USNM), 6.vii.1912 (1♀, USNM), 5.vi.1912 (1♂, USNM), Collins,  “Aug.” , A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), WA: Kamiac Butte, 1.vi.1912, A.L. Melander (2♀, USNM), Pullman, A.L. Melander, 10.vi.1911 (1♂, USNM), 12.v.1912 (1♀, USNM), 19.v.1912 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), Oroville, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Oroville, 1.v.1912, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Edmonton</a>
                 , "Em. 31-8-71", ex honeysuckle (1♀, CFS),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Edmonton</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">White Mud Creek</a>
                 , G.C.D. Griffiths, died after spraying, 9.vii.1975 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), 14.vii.1975 (3♂ 3♀, UASM), 23.vii.1975 (6♂ 8♀, UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Elk Island Nat. Park</a>
                 , 19.vi.1971, from larvae on  Symphoricarpos occidentalis , emerged 13-14.v.1972, E50, G.C.D. Griffiths (3♂ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Elk Island Nat. Park</a>
                 , 4.vii.1971, from larva on  Symphoricarpos occidentalis , emerged 11-13.v.1972, E87, G.C.D. Griffiths (6♂ 4♀ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Edmonton</a>
                 , 15.ix.1973, from larvae on  Lonicera dioica , emerged 18-26.iv.1974, E203, G.C.D. Griffiths (1♂ 2♀ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Edmonton</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">White Mud Creek</a>
                 , 11-12.vi.1975, from larvae on  Symphoricarpos occidentalis , emerged 5-7.vii.1975, E220, G.C.D. Griffiths (8♂ 6♀ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Edmonton</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">White Mud Creek</a>
                 , 19.vi.1975, from larva on  Symphoricarpos albus , emerged 11-13.vii.1975, E226, G.C.D. Griffiths (3♂ 1♀ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Edmonton</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">White Mud Creek</a>
                 , 23.ix.1975, from larvae on  Symphoricarpos occidentalis , emerged 18.iv.1976, E286, G.C.D. Griffiths (1♀ [with puparium], UASM), C.E. Lee Sanctuary,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Devon Sandhills</a>
                 , 25.viii.1979, from larvae on  Symphoricarpos occidentalis , emerged 27.iv.1980, E396, G.C.D. Griffiths (3♂ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">George Lake</a>
                 , near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Busby</a>
                 , 12.vi.1973, from larva on  Symphoricarpos albus , emerged 22-24.iv.1974, G12, G.C.D. Griffiths (4♂ 4♀ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">George Lake</a>
                 , near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Busby</a>
                 , 2.vii.1975, from larva on  Symphoricarpos albus , emerged 21.vii.1975, 19-21.iv.1976, G41, G.C.D. Griffiths (2♂ 2♀ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">George Lake</a>
                 , near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Busby</a>
                 , 27.vii.1875, from larvae on  Lonicera dioica , emerged 11.v.1976, G52, G.C.D. Griffiths (1♂ 1♀ [with puparia], UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Brandon</a>
                 , 18.vii.1958, R.B. Madge (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Morrin</a>
                 , 12.vi.1929, G.F. Manson (1♂, CNC), Lethbridge, J.H. Pepper, 3.vi.1929 (1♂, CNC), 5.vi.1929 (1♂, CNC), Okotoks, K.A. Spencer, 10.vi.1966 (1♀, CNC), 11.vi.1966 (1♀, CNC), BC: Robson, H.R. Foxlee, 10.v.1947 (1♀, CNC), viii.1947 (1♀, CNC), 6.v.1950 (1♀, CNC), 26.v.1947 (1♂, CNC), Elkwater L., 20.vii.1956, O. Peck (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Trinity Valley</a>
                 , 22.vi.1937, H.B. Leech (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Hagensborg</a>
                 , 12.vii.1992, A. Borkent (1♂, CNC), 50 km E Bella Coola, 8.vii.1992, A. Borkent (1♂, CNC), ON:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Simcoe</a>
                 , 29.v.1939, G.E. Shewell (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Ottawa</a>
                 , 5.vii.1938, G.E. Shewell (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">Ottawa</a>
                 , 16.x.1956, J.R. Vockeroth (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -109.48333/lat 49.75)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-109.48333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.75">St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park</a>
                 , Thwartway Is., 20.vi.1976, W. Reid (1♀, CNC), QC: Wakefield, 26.vi.1946, G.E. Shewell (1♀, CNC), Mt. St. Hilare, 500-700', 3.vi.1964, J.R. Vockeroth (1♀, CNC), SK: 18 km S Maple Creek, by small clear stream, 49°45'N, 109°29'W, 10.vii.2005, J. R. Vockeroth, yellow pan trap, CNC287400 (1 ♀, CNC)  .   USA. CA: San Diego Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00287/lat 43.442364)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.442364">Julian</a>
                 ,  Symphoricarops , 4300', 9.iv.1977, K.A. Spencer (1♀, USNM), Cuyamaca, S.P, 20.iv.1977, 4200', K.A. Spencer (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00287/lat 43.442364)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.442364">Alameda Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00287/lat 43.442364)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.442364">Berkeley</a>
                 , [illegible], 15.v.1977, on  Lonicera involucrata , K.A. Spencer (1♀, USNM), CO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00287/lat 43.442364)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.442364">Boulder</a>
                 , Flagstaff Cn., 5800', 10.vi.1961, C.H. Mann (1♂, CNC), IA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00287/lat 43.442364)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.442364">Winneshiek Co.</a>
                 , 43°26'32.50"N, 92°0'10.32"W, 17.vi.2013, em. by 6.vii.2013, M.J. Hatfield, ex  Triosteum aurantiacum (1♂, CNC), ID: Waha, 30.v.1924, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), IL: White Heath, 18.v.1917 (1♀, USNM), 2.vi.1917 (1♀, USNM), KS: Nat. Hist. Res., Lawrence, 28.iv.1936, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, USNM), Nat. Hist. Res., Lawrence, J.G. Chillcott, 27.iii.1954 (4♂, CNC), 28.iii.1956 (1♂, CNC), 28.iv.1956 (2♂, CNC), 27.iii.1957 (1♂, CNC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00287/lat 43.442364)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.442364">Hampshire Co.</a>
                 , Pelham, Butter Hill Wildlife Sanctuary, 2.vi.2015, em. 23-27.vi.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Diervilla lonicera , #CSE1646, CNC564730, CNC564731 (2♂, CNC), MD: Chesapeake Bch., 5.vii.1924, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00287/lat 43.442364)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00287&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.442364">Scotland Co.</a>
                 , Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 14.iv.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Lonicera sempervirens , em. 13.v.2016, #CSE2460, CNC653946, CNC653947 (2♀, CNC), WI: Valleyford, A.L. Melander, 25.vi.1924 (3♂, USNM), 19.vi.1924 (1♀, USNM), 17.v.1924 (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p>Only 16 of the 21 described paralectotypes of this species are present in the USNM. The location of the remaining types is unknown.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/43C0505FE324F987F61BD6FE8289A0E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
54AF877161C72C9E5CD5C4EAED47CEBE.text	54AF877161C72C9E5CD5C4EAED47CEBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Aulagromyza tridentata (Loew 1858)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Aulagromyza tridentata (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 89, 442-445</p>
            <p> Agromyza tridentata Loew, 1858: 76. Hendel 1932: 295. </p>
            <p> Paraphytomyza tridentata . Spencer 1972: 67, 1976: 323. </p>
            <p> Aulagromyza tridentata . von Tschirnhaus 1991: 305; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771; Papp and  Černý 2016: 349. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 89). Wing length 1.6 mm (♂), 2.2 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.8-2.1. Gena very high and broadly rounded. Fronto-orbital plate projecting, but not as prominent as broad, rounded parafacial and cheek. Ocellar triangle slightly larger than tubercle, weakly defined, corners rounded. Vein M1+2 spectral and close to wing apex, M4 and CuA+CuP similarly weak. Body with faint greyish pruinosity that is slightly denser on thorax.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors (possibly three ors and one ori). Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Orbital setulae few, minute, slightly reclinate. Four dorsocentrals; one presutural, length decreasing anteriorly. Four rows of acrostichal setulae, becoming two irregular rows posteriorly.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae light yellow to slightly brownish, with notal setae brown to black in female and sometimes browner posteriorly on notum in male. Body predominantly lemon yellow; ocellar tubercle brown; small brown spots sometimes present lateral to vertical setae; back of head with broad brown stripe extending from foramen; mediotergite and sometimes anterior region of anatergite brown; scutum with medial stripe ending before posterior dorsocentral, fused anteriorly (examined European specimen) or completely to one pair of posteriorly narrowing intra-alar stripes that reach neither anterior nor posterior margins; pleuron with small light greyish brown spots ventrally on katatergite and meron. Halter yellow. Calypter white. Wing veins light yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 442-445) Epandrium pale and broad. Surstylus large, broadly rounded and twisted so that setulose inner face visible posteriorly. Subepandrial sclerite subrectangular, flat, weakly sclerotised and bare. Hypandrium small, thin, and broadly rounded; inner lobe with two setae. Postgonite large, broad, and thick with flat dorsum, inner-posterior ridge, long posterobasal extension, and pointed apical process on inner face. Phallophorus fused to base of single plate of basiphallus, which is membranous on right margin and bifid apically. Distiphallus membranous and flagellate; paraphallus distinct, narrow, and medially curved. Ejaculatory apodeme small and pale past base and with apex clear.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Salicaceae -  Salix sp. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CO, DE*, MD*. Europe, extending eastward to Kazakh Republic.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Poland. Poznan area (ST?, ZIL). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  GERMANY. Berlin,  Dahlem , 19.v.1953, mine an  Salix alba , No. 5941, CNC165187 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. DE:  Bridgeville , 14.vii.1960, willow, P. Burbutis (2♂ 2♀ [with mined leaf], USNM), Bridgeville, 15.vi.1960, willow leaf miner, P.Burbutis (1♂, USNM), MD: Montgomery Co., Colesville, 26.vi.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> This is the second record of  Aulagromyza tridentata in the United States, with Scheffer et al. (2007) rearing material from  Salix in Colorado. European specimens of  A. tridentata differ in having the notal patch more conspicuously divided into bands. These uncommon Salicaeae-feeding  Aulagromyza differ from Nearctic congeners in being lemon-yellow with pale setae, and are likely to be mistaken for paler  Phytoliriomyza or a species of  Liriomyza . The only other previous Nearctic records of this group were Ontario specimens of  A. populicola (Walker) reared from  Populus deltoides in Ottawa (Frick 1959; Spencer 1969) and two females from Oklahoma reared from the same species (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018).  Aulagromyza populicola is a vittate species highly similar in appearance to  A. tridentata , but it has the scutal pattern brownish orange (not darker brown), and the phallus is more extensively sclerotised and structured apically (Spencer 1976: figs 579, 580). </p>
            <p> The identity of this species was determined by comparison to a description and illustrations of  Aulagromyza tridentata presented by Spencer (1976). A similar description for  A. tridentata appears in Papp and  Černý (2016), but the genitalic illustration does not match; an illustration approximating the expected genitalic morphology for this species is provided for the species  A. populicola (Walker). The genitalic and external morphology of  A. populicola was verified from a series collected in Ottawa that was reported in Spencer (1969). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/54AF877161C72C9E5CD5C4EAED47CEBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0E37BE8AA257D80C5C00DF634D5E7B16.text	0E37BE8AA257D80C5C00DF634D5E7B16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza avira Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza avira Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale</p>
            <p>Figs 446-451</p>
            <p> Calycomyza avira Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, 2018: 28; Eiseman et al. 2019: 306. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(from Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Wing length 2.1-2.5 mm (♂), 2.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.1-2.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.5-5.3. First flagellomere rounded. Arista pubescent. Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Three dorsocentral setae, third thin, &lt;1/2 length of second dorsocentral. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; frons brownish in posterolateral corner, with faint stripe to base of posterior ors along fronto-orbital plate that is slightly darker in tentatively associated female. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow; posterodorsal corner of anepisternum yellow along suture. Calypter margin yellow and hairs brown. Halter white. Legs and abdomen dark brown with fore knee yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 446-451) Basiphallus composed of one pair of lateral sclerotised bars on distal 1/2. Paraphallus absent. Hypophallus short and entirely membranous. Mesophallus short, slightly longer than wide, round and slightly compressed dorsoventrally; minute, dark medial sclerite present between mesophallus and distiphallus. Distiphallus short with tubules fused and folded, lateral margins sclerotised at stem-like base, short medial bowl with inner face heavily spinulose. CT males with bowl of distiphallus narrower and inner processes separate and not as strongly haired.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Bidens aristosa (Eiseman et al. 2019),  B. frondosa . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CT, MA, NC, NY, WV.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. CT: Redding, 31.v.1930, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p> Paratypes: USA. CT: Redding, 1.vi.1929, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), MA: Berkshire Co., Sheffield, 9.vii.2014, em. by 28.vii.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Bidens frondosa , #CSE1225, CNC384838 (1♂, CNC), NY: Letchworth State Park, 13.vi.1963, pond margin, W.W. Wirth (1♂, CNC), NC: Durham Co., Durham, Grandale Drive, 14.vii.2017, em. 1-3.viii.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Bidens , #CSE4047, CNC939843, CNC939844 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), WV: White Sulfur Springs, 16.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MA: Plymouth Co., W Bridgewater, 41°59'44.50"N, 71°3'18.48"W, 15.viii.2013, ex.  Bidens frondosa , em. by 5.v.2014, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE1101, CNC384790 (1♀, CNC)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E37BE8AA257D80C5C00DF634D5E7B16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
86BF6ED9B25F6FD0FEA69F4C36DC9035.text	86BF6ED9B25F6FD0FEA69F4C36DC9035.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza barbarensis Spencer 1981	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza barbarensis Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 452-455</p>
            <p> Calycomyza barbarensis Spencer, 1981: 298. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 151. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.6-2.4. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.4-3.6. First flagellomere rounded. Notum shiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed, the latter slightly smaller. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Ocellar seta slightly less developed than postocellar. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; frons brownish in posterolateral corner with light brown stripe extending from posterior margin to base of posterior ors along fronto-orbital plate Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin light brown with brown hairs. Legs and abdomen dark brown with fore knee narrowly yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 452-455) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium narrow, inner lobe following dorsal margin of postgonite and with two short setae on inner face. Postgonite short, pointed apically, with two outer-distal setulae. Basiphallus broadly sclerotised dorsally. Paraphallus nearly vestigial, produced as lightly sclerotised triangular extensions of membrane. Hypophallus large and broad with basolateral margins and triangular medial section well-sclerotised. Distiphallus and mesophallus short and subequal in length, fused; mesophallus constricted medially; distiphallus subcylindrical, undivided, widest at base; medial floating sclerite absent.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CA, DE*, KS*, MO*, SC*, TX*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. CA: Santa Barbara Co., Los Prietos, 23.vi.1965, J.A. Powell (1♂, CASC). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. CA:  Riverside , 2.xii.1934, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), DE: Georgetown, 3.viii.1977, W.R. Allen,  “79-3513” , ex. trap in soy bean plot (1♂, USNM), KS: Riley Co., 4.ix.1967, G.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), MO: Boone Co., Columbia, 4.ix.1968, Malaise trap, F.D. Parker (1♂, USNM), SC:  “Spartanbrg” , G.G. Ainslie, Webster No. 4853 (1♂, USNM), TX: San Antonio, 2.iv.1942, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Previously known only from California,  Calycomyza barbarensis now appears to be widespread throughout the United States. The narrow, undivided distiphallus is characteristic, as is the dark triangular plate on the hypophallus. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/86BF6ED9B25F6FD0FEA69F4C36DC9035	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0E686491700F68CCDA16B9FD7516D787.text	0E686491700F68CCDA16B9FD7516D787.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza flavinotum (Frick)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza flavinotum (Frick)</p>
            <p>Figs 98, 456-459</p>
            <p> Agromyza allecta . Misidentification, in part. Frost 1924: 38. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) flavinotum Frick, 1956: 297. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza flavinotum . Spencer, 1969: 147; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 146; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 31. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 98). Wing length 2.8-3.5 mm (♂), 3.0-3.7 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.9-2.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.7-6.0. First flagellomere circular, slightly longer than wide. Fronto-orbital plate slightly visible anteriorly (viewed laterally). Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ors, three or four ori. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Three dorsocentral setae; anterior seta &lt;1/2 length of second dorsocentral. Eight to ten rows of acrostichal setulae. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus and ocellar tubercle dark brown; antenna dark brown with scape and pedicel paler and/or with distal margin yellowish; frons brown to dark brown in posterolateral corner with spot usually reaching base of inner vertical seta Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot), lateral postsutural margin and large posterolateral spot on scutum yellow; most sutures on pleuron yellow with posterodorsal corner of anepisternum and anepimeron around wing base more widely yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs and abdomen dark brown with fore knee and male cercus and perianal region yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 456-459) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium thin, inner lobe extending to surround outer surface of postgonite, with one seta. Postgonite small and simple. Basiphallus sclerotised laterally and anterodorsally, confluent with hypophallus. Paraphallus absent. Hypophallus long and narrow with sides sclerotised on basal 2/3. Distiphallus and mesophallus subequal in length; mesophallus dorsoventrally compressed, subovate in ventral view. Distiphallus with tubules short, with narrow, mostly clear basal stem, outer cover short and spinulose, and inner process coiled, long-haired and widely exposed.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Arctium ,  Carduus ,  Eupatorium ,  Eutrochium (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Spencer 1990; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Spencer notes that this species probably occurs on  Ageratina , referring to unspecified records in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b); this host record may be attributable to observed mines of  C. eupatoriphaga Eiseman and Lonsdale.  Eupatorium is probably the primary host for this species (Spencer 1990), and in Ontario, it is regularly observed on  Arctium , with many larvae mining much of the surface area of the leaves, which can be quite large. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: CA*, MA, MD*, ME, MN, NY, PA, VA*, WI.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. NY: Elma, 20.viii.1911, M.C. vanDuzee (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p> Canada. ON: Ottawa, 14.vii.1946, A. Brooks, No. 6367, CNC391397 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, [adult] on  Viburnum pubescens , 19.vii.1946, G.E. Shewell, No. 6367, CNC391401 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Bells Corners , 30.viii.1984, H.J. Teskey, ex  Arctium , "REARED Assoc. Vial", CNC391398, CNC391399 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Ottawa,  Central Experimental Farm , 8.vii.2014, O. Lonsdale,  Arctium sp., em. 28.vii.2014, CNC352948, CNC349315-349318 (10 ex, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, McDonald Is., 23.viii.1976, A. Carter, Code 4497-A, CNC391403 (1♀, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, Thwartway Is., 10.viii.1976, G. Calderwood, Code 4382-P, CNC391402 (1♀, CNC), Wallacetown, 18.ii.1980, "no host", det. lot 80-1283, 9, 795-2319-01, CNC391400 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CA: Mpls. Orium,  Minnehaha , [illegible], 3.viii.1980, mine  Eupatorium rugosum , 29.vi.1980 (1♂, USNM), IL: White Heath, 25.vi.1939, J.C. Dirke, herb No. 45 (1♂, USNM), MA: Berkshire Co.,  Savoy ,  Tannery Falls , 12.vii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex leaf mine  Eupatorium perfoliatum , em. 31.vii.2012, #CSE15, CNC391394-391396 (1♂ 2♀, CNC),  Franklin Co. ,  Northfield , 276  Old Wendell Rd. , 8.ix.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Arctium minus , em. 11.x.2013,em. 17.iv.2014, #CSE936, #CSE1083, CNC392639, CNC384749-384753 (3♂, 3♀, CNC), MD:  Elkron , 84-31, DFB, em. viii.1984, "Hoor?" (1♂, USNM), VA: Great Falls, 9.vii.1936, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> A pair of broad yellow posterolateral spots on the scutum is diagnostic of  Calycomyza flavinotum , as is the large plate-like hypophallus and the pair of haired, coiled processes apically on the distiphallus. </p>
            <p>In the original description, the depository of the holotype was incorrectly listed as CASC, not USNM.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E686491700F68CCDA16B9FD7516D787	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
FDE602CC3B4110294BB1DA98A920B599.text	FDE602CC3B4110294BB1DA98A920B599.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza frickiana Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza frickiana Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 460-463</p>
            <p> Calycomyza allecta . Misidentification, in part. Frick 1956: 298 [see Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) for details]. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza frickiana Spencer &amp; Steyskal, 1986b: 299. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 463). Wing length 2.3-2.5 mm (♂), 2.5-2.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.9-2.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.8-4.8. First flagellomere circular. Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors; third ori sometimes present on one side. Ocellar seta long, but sometimes not much longer than tubercle. Postocellar well-developed. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae, with setula in front of anterior dorsocentral short but well-developed, appearing as third dorsocentral. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; frons brownish in posterolateral corner. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and lateral margin of postsutural scutum yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs and abdomen dark brown with fore knee yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 460-462) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium narrow, lobe wrapped around postgonite, with one anteromedial seta. Postgonite narrow posteriorly and strongly tapered apically. Basiphallus sclerotised laterally and subapically, ventral membrane also slightly sclerotised. Hypophallus short, rounded and lightly sclerotised laterally at base. Paraphallus pointed, strongly sclerotised, not connected medially by membrane. Mesophallus as long as basiphallus and subcylindrical. Distiphallus globular and undivided with subbasal constriction and paired ventromedial sclerotised bands.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Rudbeckia spp. (including  R. laciniata ),  Helianthus sp.,  Bidens frondosa (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b).  Bidens is considered to be the primary host (Spencer 1990). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IL, IN, MD, MN, NY, PA, SD, VA, WI(?).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. NY: Seneca Co., East Varick, ex.  Bidens frondosa , 30.x.1956 (1♂, lost [originally deposited USNM]). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>USA. IL: Urbana, 20.vi.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, v.1927, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), SD: Erwin, vi.1908, J.M. Aldrich (1♂ 1♀, USNM), VA: Blacksburg, 2100', 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391404 (1♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Elkton</a>
                 , 84-53, DFB, em. 28.viii.1984, a leaf miner (1♀, USNM), VA: Fairfax Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr. Mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 4-27.ix.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Calycomyza frickiana is the only Delmarva  Calycomyza with a dark calypter and a fronto-orbital plate that is entirely yellow around the base of the fronto-orbitals. Outside of the Delmarva states, some  C. ambrosiae (Frick) (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 939, 940) also share these features, but the unique distiphallus and strong paraphallus of C.  Calycomyza frickiana are diagnostic. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FDE602CC3B4110294BB1DA98A920B599	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
E164D970853CCD8264D5728A63EC9BE2.text	E164D970853CCD8264D5728A63EC9BE2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza gigantea (Frick)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza gigantea (Frick)</p>
            <p>Figs 464, 465</p>
            <p> Agromyza platyptera . Misidentification, in part. Malloch 1913: 293. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) gigantea Frick, 1956: 296. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza gigantea . Spencer 1969: 149; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 145. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 3.1-3.2 mm (♂), 2.9-3.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.3-2.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.4-4.1. First flagellomere circular. Notum with relatively dense greyish pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three or four ori, with anterior seta sometimes smaller; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Six closely spaced dorsocentrals, two presutural, decreasing in size anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae usually in five to six irregular rows; relatively long and sparse. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ventral margin of gena, ocellar triangle (slightly larger than tubercle with corners rounded) and antenna dark brown; frons dark brown in posterolateral corner with stripe extending anteriorly to base of anterior ors, with stripe sometimes broadly enclosing both ors and (sometimes) posterior ori and with lateral margin of eye thinly brown, or fronto-orbital plate with variable mottling near bases of ori (fainter anteriorly); dorsomedial section of parafacial sometimes brown; face evenly dark brown or with pigment faded medially and ventrally. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and supra-alar spot yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen dark brown, tergites 1-5 with narrow yellow band along posterior margin.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 464, 465) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypophallus broad and membranous with medial sclerotisation that is divided on basal 1/2 and with short supapical projection. Basiphallus sclerotised dorsally. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus slightly broader at midpoint and ~ 2.5  × longer than wide. Distiphallus bifid, widest apically, and with inner fringe of hairs concealed within small apical cup; floating medial sclerite minute. Ejaculatory apodeme dark and fan-shaped with sublateral sclerotised band and marginal striations on blade; sperm pump sclerotised ventrally. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - swept from  Clematis (  Ranunculaceae ) (Frick 1956). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON, QC. USA: MD, IL, CA, NY, VA, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MD: Cabin John Bridge, 28.vi.1912, Knab and Malloch (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p> Canada. ON:  Bell’s Cor., wild  Clematis , 4.vi.1952, J.F. McAlpine, sweeping, No. 6369, CNC391407 (1♀, CNC), Niagra Glen, 15.vi.1926, G.S. Walley, No. 6369, CNC391408 (1♂, CNC), QC: Wakefield, 26.vi.1946, G.S. Walley, No. 6369, CNC391406 (1♀, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON: Wellington Co.,  Guelph , Stone Rd. E, 16.ix.1991, Malaise, R.A. Cannings (1♀, RBCM)  .   USA. VA:  Blacksburg , 2100', 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391405 (1♀, CNC), WV: Elk Garden, 25.vi.1968, R. and E. Froeschner (1♀, USNM), Logan Co., Island Creek, 2mi N Mountain View, 19.vi.1991, S.M. Clark (1♀, VPIC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Calycomyza gigantea is an easily diagnosed species, having a large body size, more than four fronto-orbitals, numerous dorsocentral setae that steadily decrease in height anteriorly, a greyish thorax and an elongate bifid distiphallus with a clear basal stalk (normally short or fused in congeners). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E164D970853CCD8264D5728A63EC9BE2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4B56FE5BB93373DE72EBF4F7F9BF8756.text	4B56FE5BB93373DE72EBF4F7F9BF8756.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza Hendel 1931	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza Hendel</p>
            <p> Calycomyza Hendel, 1931: 65 [as subgenus of  Dizygomyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza artemisiae Kaltenbach, 1856: 236, by original designation. Frick 1952a: 394 [as subgenus of  Phytobia ], 1956: 284, 1959: 387; Nowakowski 1962: 97 [as genus]; Spencer 1969: 144; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 140. </p>
            <p> Adult  Calycomyza are usually readily diagnosed by a whitish yellow head and shoulders (the dark Caribbean species  C. obscura is an exception) with a black scutellum and antenna, and usually two dorsocentrals. Many species are relatively uniform in appearance and are often only separable on the basis of slight external and male genitalic characters. Many  Liriomyza are similarly coloured, but almost all have a medially yellow scutellum, there are four dorsocentrals, and the ejaculatory duct is apically swollen and pigmented. Other diagnostic features of  Calycomyza include weak reclinate orbital setulae in a single row, a shallow, semi-circular lunule and unmistakable  Calycomyza -like genitalia, including a dense patch of scattered tubercle-like setae on the inner-distal margin of the epandrium and surstylus. A character not previously noted in the genus is a minute, round, heavily pigmented sclerite floating between the mesophallus and distiphallus. This "medial sclerite" (Figs 450, 451) is absent in several species, including  C. humeralis (Roser),  C. platyptera (Thompson) and  C. verbenae (Hering), but it is otherwise widespread in the genus and possibly synapomorphic. Frick (1956) provided an excellent treatment of the Nearctic species known at the time, including a detailed description of biology and host plant species. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B56FE5BB93373DE72EBF4F7F9BF8756	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
F84DDCBDC42ED1F2B06D0DB44384AE24.text	F84DDCBDC42ED1F2B06D0DB44384AE24.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza humeralis (Roser 1840)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza humeralis (Roser)</p>
            <p>Figs 94, 95, 466-469</p>
            <p> Agromyza humeralis Roser, 1840: 63. </p>
            <p> Agromyza atripes Brischke, 1881: 259. Spencer and Martinez 1987 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Calycomyza) humeralis . Hendel, 1931: 68; Meijere 1938: 75, 1940: 175, 1943: 68; Hering 1951: 42. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) humeralis . Frick 1952a: 394, 1956: 290, 1959: 390. </p>
            <p> Agromyza bellidis Kaltenbach, 1858: 82. Hendel 1931 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza bellidis . Hendel, 1920: 136, 1923: 394; Meijere 1925: 257; Hering 1925: 133, 1927: 57. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza humeralis . Spencer, 1969: 149; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 144; Boucher and Wheeler 2001: 613; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 86; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 31. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 94, 95). Wing length 1.4-1.6 mm (♂), 1.6-2.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.6-3.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.5-4.1. First flagellomere with shallow angle on anterodorsal margin. Notum with light pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Ocellar seta thin, not much longer than tubercle to slightly longer. Postocellar well-developed. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae, setula in front of anterior dorsocentral relatively well-developed but short, sometimes appearing as third dorsocentral. Six rows of acrostichal setulae, less commonly four. One posteromedial seta on mid tibia that is sometimes reduced to absent.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar triangle (slightly larger than tubercle and rounded) and antenna dark brown; frons brownish to brown in posterolateral corner to base of posterior ors; sometimes fronto-orbital plate brownish to brown to level of anterior ors, sometimes with lateral margin very thinly brownish along margin of eye and around base of fronto-orbitals (less commonly with plate entirely brown to base of anterior fronto-orbital); face and lower margin of gena dark brown with face often slightly paler along midline; dorsomedial region of parafacial brownish. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and sometimes small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs white. Legs and abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 466-469) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium with one seta on inner lobe that surrounds postgonite. Postgonite rounded apically and deeply cleft. Basiphallus well-sclerotised dorsolaterally on left side and dorsoapically. Hypophallus with one pair of long, narrow sclerites approximately as long as basiphallus with irregular outline and small inner-basal process. Paraphallus rod-like with base wider; paraphalli diverging, angled anteroventrally, joined basally by narrow transverse sclerite. Mesophallus slightly longer than basiphallus, slightly bulbous at base; small sclerite between mesophallus and distiphallus absent. Distiphallus with two short, dark, completely divided tubules that are relatively broadly separated, especially at tapered base; base slightly compressed in lateral view, apex slightly swollen and cup-like with apical opening constricted and directed distally; inner fringed structure slightly emerged apically. Ejaculatory apodeme similar to that of  C. platyptera . </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Aster ,  Baccharis ,  Bellis ,  Bellium ,  Callistephus ,  Conyza ,  Dicrocephala ,  Erigeron ,  Haplopappus ,  Helianthus ,  Heterotheca ,  Hysterionica ,  Madia ,  Solidago ,  Symphyotrichum ,  Tithonia ,  Zinnia (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Spencer 1990; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Also known from  Pentstemon procerus (  Scrophulariaceae ) in CA (Spencer 1981). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB*, ON, QC, SK, YT. USA: widespread, but not known from FL. Africa. Australia. Argentina. Chile. Europe. Oriental Region.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Germany. Baden-Wurttemburg (1♂, SMNS). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p> 45♂ 64♀, CNC, USNM (USA: AR, AZ, CA, DC, IN, KS, MA, MD, MS, NC, NM, NV, OH, OK, SC, TX, UT, VT, WA, WI; Canada: SK; Germany) . </p>
            <p>New provincial records.</p>
            <p> Canada. AB: C.E. Lee Sanctuary, Devon Sandhills, on  Erigeron philadelphicus , larva collected 2.vi.1980, emerged 18.vi.1980, G.C.D. Griffiths, E404 (1♂, UASM), N shore Cooking L., 53°26-27'N, 113°00-01'W, on  Aster brachyactis , puparium collected 8.viii.1977, emerged 18.viii.1977, G.C.D. Griffiths (1♂, UASM). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Compared to other species of  Calycomyza , the height of the gena varies greatly in  C. humeralis and  C. solidaginis , which are likely sister-species and further characterised by a shallow angle on the anterodorsal margin of the first flagellomere, only one posteromedial seta on the mid tibia and very similar male genitalia. A very slight point is also found on the antenna of  C. minor (Florida), which is much smaller (wing length 1.1-1.3 mm), the length of the ultimate section of vein M4 divided by the penultimate section is 4.0, there are only three fronto-orbitals, there is no posteromedial seta on the mid tibia and the face is yellow. South Carolina specimens of  C. minor Spencer discussed in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) do not share these combinations of characters and are not conspecific, including one from Coosawhatche here treated as  C. humeralis . Aside from the angulate flagellomere,  C. humeralis can be diagnosed in part by an entirely brown face (not yellow with the dorsal region brown), which is relatively uncommon in the genus. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F84DDCBDC42ED1F2B06D0DB44384AE24	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7D535149C7A4BAFCF8CB6D85D04EB438.text	7D535149C7A4BAFCF8CB6D85D04EB438.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza malvae (Burgess)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza malvae (Burgess)</p>
            <p>Figs 97, 475-477</p>
            <p> Oscinis malvae Burgess, 1880: 202. Frick 1952a: 395 [as synonym of jucunda Wulp]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza jucunda . Misidentification, in part. Coquillett 1898: 77. </p>
            <p> Agromyza cassiae . Misidentification, in part. Frost 1936: 306. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) malvae . Frick 1956: 298 [lectotype designation], 1959: 391. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza althaeae Spencer, 1969: 146. Spencer and Stegmaier 1973 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza malvae . Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 81; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 149; Martinez and Etienne 2002: 31; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 86; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 32; Monteiro et al. 2019: 167. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 97). Wing length 1.8-2.0 mm (♂), 1.9-2.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.3-2.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.6-5.0. First flagellomere circular. Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Ocellar seta slightly thinner and shorter than well-developed postocellar. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Two or three posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar triangle (restricted to, or barely larger than tubercle) and antenna dark brown; frons brown in posterolateral corner to base of posterior ors along fronto-orbital plate, and lateral margin of frons usually brownish to level of anterior ors; if fronto-orbital plate with stripe reduced to faded brownish stripe reaching posterior ors (uncommon), apex of fore femur narrowly yellow; face usually yellow with small brownish spot below base of antenna faintly, but sometimes light brown to brown on dorsal 1/2. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs and abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 97, 475-477) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium thin, with one seta on broad inner lobe. Postgonite bare, simple. Basiphallus sclerotised along distal and left lateral margins. Paraphalli leaf-like, not meeting, lightly and gradually sclerotised medially; left lobe reduced. Hypophallus broad apically, sclerotised along base and right lateral margin. Mesophallus nearly as wide as long, slightly expanded distolaterally. Distiphallus entirely divided with stalk absent, base bulbous and subspherical, outer cover narrow and pointed laterally, and inner process well-developed. Ejaculatory apodeme as long as phallus, stem stout and blending into slightly flared blade with clear distal margin.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Malvaceae -  Abutilon ,  Alcea ,  Althaea ,  Gaya ,  Hibiscus ,  Malva ,  Malvastrum ,  Sida ,  Sphaeralcea ,  Urena .  Fabaceae -  Centrosema ,  Glycine ,  Phaseolus ,  Senna . (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005;  Servín et al. 2013; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: AZ, CA, DC, FL, IN, MA, MD, MS, NC, NM, NY, OK, PA, TX, VA*, WI. Argentina. Bahamas. Brazil. Chile. Dominican Republic*. Jamaica. Mexico. Panama. Venezuela.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype [malvae]: USA. DC: Washington, 14.xi.1879, T. Pergande (1♀, USNM [specimen on edge away from puparium]; type No. 19127).</p>
            <p>Paralectotype examined</p>
            <p>[malvae]: USA. DC: [same pin as lectotype] (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Calycomyza althaeae ]: Canada. ON: Toronto, em. 24.vii.1967, mine  Althaea rosea 14.vii.1967 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Paratype examined</p>
            <p> [  Calycomyza althaeae ]: Canada. ON: Toronto, em. 26.vii.1967, mine  Althaea rosea 14.vii.1967 (1♀, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> Bahamas. New Providence Isl.: Nassau, 3.i.1953, E.B. Hayden and L. Giovannoli, A.M.N.H. Bahama Isls. Exped., CNC391453 (1♂, CNC). Canada. ON: Harrow, 29.ix.1968, H.R. Boyce, leaf mine  Abutilon theophrasti , CNC391459, CNC391460 (1♂, 1♀, CNC). Dominican Republic. Espaillat Prov., 24.viii.1967, L.H. Rolston, CNC391451 (1♂, CNC). USA. AZ: Tempe, V.L. Wilder, Webster No. 7286 (1♀ 3♂, USNM), FL: Gainesville, 25.iv.1952, O. Peck, CNC391452 (1♂, CNC), Homestead, 28.iii.1952, G.S. Walley, CNC391455 (1♀, CNC), J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391454 (1♂, CNC), 4.iv.1952, G.S. Walley, CNC391457 (1♀, CNC), J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391456, CNC391458 (2♀, CNC), IN: Lafayette, leaf-miner in  Abutilion theophrasti , J.M. Aldrich (1♂ 1♀ [with puparia], USNM), Lafayette, bred from hollyhock 16.xi.1913, J.M. Aldrich (2♂ 2♀, USNM), Lafayette, hollyhock leaf miner 2-5.viii, emerged? (1♂ [with puparium], USNM),  “x-17” , "leaf miner in  Malva rot..folia", J.M. Aldrich (1♂ 2♀, USNM), Lafayette, cage No. C1367a, issued by x.18.15, reared from  Sida spinosa , Satterthwalt (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, 19.ix.1915, cage No. C1367b, issued by Jan 10, reared from  Sida spinosa , Satterthwalt (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, from  Malva rotundifolia (1♂, USNM), Lafayette, from  Malva rotundifolia , 15.xi.1913 (1♂, USNM), MA: Hampshire Co., Pelham, Quarry St., 2.vii.2013, ex.  Malva cf. rotundifolia , em. 13-15.vii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE686, CNC384778 (1♂, CNC), MS: Shaw, 24.x.1979, H. Walker, ex. leaf mines on  Abutilon theophrasti (1♂ 2♀, USNM), NC: Scotland Co., Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 17.viii.2015, T.S. Feldman,  Sida rhombifolia , em. 28.viii-ix.2015, #CSE2119, CNC653958-653965 (5♂ 3♀, CNC), 29.vi.2016, T.S. Feldman, em. 14.vii.2016, #CSE2754, CNC659975 (1♀, CNC), OK: Payne Co., Perkins, 30.vi.2015, M.W. Palmer,  Senna marilandica , em. by 12.vii.2015, #CSE1821, CNC564700-564702 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), Payne Co., Mehan, 7.vii.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Senna marilandica , em. by 31.vii.2016, #CSE3047, CNC653983, CNC653984 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), VA: Fairfax Co., Great Falls Park, quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, 30.x-28.xi.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Calycomyza malvae can be recognised by sometimes having three thick setae on the mid tibia, its characteristic basally subspherical distiphallus, and ejaculatory apodeme. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D535149C7A4BAFCF8CB6D85D04EB438	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
27560F1ACD3C169EEBD2F9F567D85552.text	27560F1ACD3C169EEBD2F9F567D85552.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza orientalis Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza orientalis Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 478, 479</p>
            <p> Calycomyza orientalis Spencer, in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 301. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.3-2.7 mm (♂), 2.7 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.3-2.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.5-2.6. First flagellomere circular. Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Setae relatively stout, including dark brown orbital setulae. Two ori, sometimes with additional ori present anteriorly; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae both long, well-developed. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae, setula in front of anterior dorsocentral slightly enlarged. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ventral margin of gena, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; frons dark brown in posterolateral corner and along orbital plate to anterior ors or slightly past level of posterior ors; with minute brown spots at base fronto-orbitals anterior to stripe; dorsal 1/2 of face brown. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs golden yellow with margin sometimes brownish. Legs and abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 478, 479) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium with one seta on broadly rounded and partially membranous inner lobe. Postgonite bare. Basiphallus sclerotised dorsolaterally and anteromedially, slightly produced on left lateral margin. Hypophallus approximately as long as mesophallus, subrectangular with apex downcurved, nearly parallel-sided. Paraphallus 2/3 length of mesophallus, abruptly widened on distal 1/3, inner margin ill-defined. Mesophallus narrow, dark, subcylindrical with slight ventral curve at apex, broader and rounded at base, and slightly widening apically; small narrow floating sclerite near ventroapical margin of mesophallus. Distiphallus dark, short inner structures concealed, widest when viewed laterally with rounded apex and narrower stem (~ 2/3 width of distal part); when viewed ventrally, stem-like basal section narrowing to midpoint and distal section abruptly widened.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown, but adult collected ex  Rubus alleghaniensis (  Rosaceae ). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA. ME, NY, TN, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. VA: Mountain Lake, Giles Co., 37°21'36"N, 80°32'2"W, 1158 m, ex blossoms  Rubus alleghaniensis , 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC1105015 (1♂ [genitalic dissection missing], CNC). </p>
            <p> Paratypes: USA. NY: Suffolk Co., 30.v.1964, M.I. Blenderman, CNC1150956 (1♂, CNC), TN: Chapin Sanctuary, East Ridge, 9.v.1952, O. Peck, CNC1150955 (1♂, CNC), VA: Giles Co., Mountain Lake, 1158 m, 31.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC1150957 (1♂, CNC), ex blossoms  Rubus alleghaniensis , 28.v.1962, CNC1150958 (1♀, CNC). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/27560F1ACD3C169EEBD2F9F567D85552	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5A0F96E99B3DAF29057F35B0F3172B12.text	5A0F96E99B3DAF29057F35B0F3172B12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza platyptera (Thompson)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza platyptera (Thompson)</p>
            <p>Figs 472-474</p>
            <p> Agromyza platyptera Thomson, 1868: 608. Melander 1913: 257; Malloch 1913: 293; Frost 1924: 50; Frick 1956: 288 [as synonym of jucunda Wulp]. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza platyptera . Steyskal, 1973a: 191; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 142; Martinez and Etienne 2002: 30; Diaz et al. 2015: 390; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 86; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 34; Eiseman et al. 2019: 308; Monteiro et al. 2019: 167. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.5-1.8 mm (♂), 1.6-2.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.4-3.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.7-5.1. First flagellomere circular. Notum subshiny to variably pruinose.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Ocellar seta relatively thin and ~ 2/3 length of postocellar. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in six straight to irregular rows. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia, with one or both reduced to absent.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; frons brown in posterolateral corner to base of posterior ors along fronto-orbital plate; dorsal 1/2 of face variably brown Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs white. Legs and abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 472-474) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Inner lobe of hypandrium surrounding outer margin of postgonite and with one seta. Basiphallus broadly sclerotised on dorsal/left-lateral surface with apical corner on left side well-sclerotised and distinctly pointed. Hypophallus ca. as long as basiphallus, made up of one pair of narrow, irregular, rod-like sclerites. Paraphalli ill-defined, elongate, and pale with base darker; diverging at base and nearly parallel apically, fused to transverse bar emerging from base of mesophallus in front of point of duct insertion. Mesophallus slightly longer than basiphallus with base especially bulbous, contrasting longer, more slender sclerite in C. humeralis and  C. solidaginis ; small medial sclerite between mesophallus and distiphallus present. Distiphallus divided into two short tubules that have a dorsoventrally flattened  “stem” that is marked laterally by a subbasal constriction; distal section slightly angled dorsally, relatively pale and with thin cover enclosing small fringed inner structure. Ejaculatory apodeme with stout asymmetrical base grading into sclerotised origin of duct and sclerotised bar across sperm pump; stem stout, blade not especially large, pale marginally. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Ambrosia ,  Arctium ,  Artemisia ,  Aster ,  Baccharis ,  Bidens ,  Conyza ,  Cynara ,  Erechtites ,  Erigeron ,  Eupatorium ,  Gaillardia ,  Gamochaeta ,  Grindelia ,  Helenium ,  Helianthus ,  Heterotheca ,  Iva ,  Mikania ,  Senecio ,  Silphium ,  Solidago ,  Symphyotrichum ,  Tagetes ,  Tithonia ,  Xanthium ,  Zinnia (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Spencer 1990; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). The rearing record of "  Aplopappus squarrosa " below, originally noted in Frost (1924), corresponds to  Hazardia squarrosa (C. Eiseman, pers. comm.). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: MB, NS, ON, SK. USA: CA, CO, FL, GA*, IA, IL*, IN*, KS, LA*, MA, MD*, MI*, MO*, MS, NC, OH*, OK, TN*, TX*, VA*, WV*. Argentina. Brazil. Cuba. Grand Cayman. Ecuador. Guadeloupe. Jamaica.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [platyptera]: USA. CA (1♀, NRS). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. MB: Aweme, 4.ix.1912 [?], N. Criddle (1♀, USNM), Brandon, 1.vii.1946, P.H. Westdal, coll. on potato (1♂, CFS), ON: Wellington Co., Stone Rd E, 16.ix.1991, Malaise, R.A. Cannings (1♂, RBCM), Moose Factory, 10.vi.1949, D.P. Whillans, CNC391482 (1♂, CNC), SK: Sintaluta, 23.vii.1987, A. Paton, reared from  Iva xanthifolia , CNC391466, CNC391467 (1♂ 1♀, CNC). Grand Cayman: Georgetown, 15-30.iii.1965, J.R. McLintock, Malaise trap, CNC391471 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. CA: Los Angeles Co., "ace 255", ex.  Zinnia leaf blotches, 1.ix.1940, R.M. Bohart (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Los Angeles</a>
                 , leaf-miner of  Aplopappus squarrosa , bred in  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">June</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Coquillett</a>
                 (2♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Los Angeles Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Coquillett</a>
                 (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Napa</a>
                 /  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Lake Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">McLaughlin Reserve</a>
                 , 13.vii.2015, E. LoPresti and C.S. Eiseman,  Helianthus exilis em. 20.vii-11.viii.2015, #CSE1811, CNC564639-564646 (4♂, 4♀, CNC), CO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Boulder</a>
                 , 1828 m, 4.vi.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC391469 (1♀, CNC), FL: Orlando, 28.ii.1918,  “GGA” , J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Bade Co.</a>
                 , farm near Royal Palm Hammock, 4.xii.1961, Munroe, Holland and Chillcott, CNC391477 (1♂, CNC), Chattahoochee, 26.iv.1952, O. Peck, CNC391480 (1♀, CNC), Everglades N.P., Paradise Key, 30.iii.1953, W.R.M. Mason, CNC391472 (1♂, CNC), Gainesville, 26.iv.1952, O. Peck, CNC391481 (1♂, CNC), Homestead, 4.iv.1952, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391474 (1♂, CNC), Key Largo, 5-6.xii.1961, Munroe, Holland and Chillcott, mercury vapour light, CNC391473 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Miami-Dade Co.</a>
                 , Redlands, 25°31'N, 80°30'W, 7.xi.2011, R. Diaz and J. McClurg, reared from leaves of  Mikania micrantha , CNC391491, CNC391490 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Pasco Co.</a>
                 , Moon L., 16.iv.1952, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391479 (1♂, CNC), Quincy, 13.v.1964, [K.A. Spencer], mine  Xanthium , em. 18-26.v.1964, CNC391476 (2♂ / ♀, CNC), Sanford, 12.vi.1964, [K.A. Spencer], ex  Ambrosia artemisifolia , CNC391478 (2♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">St. Lucie Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Fort Pierce</a>
                 , U of FL quarantine, greenhouse #3, 27°26'N, 80°25'W, 10.xi.2011, R. Diaz and J. McClurg, colony, CNC391485-391489 (1♂ 4♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">St. Lucie Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Fort Pierce</a>
                 , near U of FL campus, 27°26'N, 80°25'W, 12.xi.2011, R. Diaz and J. McClurg, reared from leaves of  Mikania scandens CNC391492-391494 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), E.D. Bennett, leaf miner  Baccharis halimifolia ,  Lakewales , v.1960 (1?, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">North Fort Charlotte</a>
                 (1♂, USNM), O'Neil (1♂ 1♀, USNM), Summerville S.C. (1♂, USNM), Daytona Beach, v.1960, F.D. Bennett (1♀, USNM), GA: Richmond Hill, v.1960, F.D. Bennett, coll. as adult on  Baccharis halimifolia (1♀, USNM), Tifton, x.1896, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), IA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Howard Co.</a>
                 , Hayden Prairie State Preserve, 15.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Silphium perfoliatum , em. by 19-23.vii.2015, #CSE1743, CNC654359, CNC654360 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), IL: K-hook,  “6-7.32” , hack, "262 amb.", ex.  Ambrosia trifina , "Lawson,  ‘33” , IN: Logansport, 10.viii.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich, 10.iv.1915 (1♀, USNM), v.1927 (2♀, USNM),  “x.13” (2♂, USNM),  “x.15” (2♂, USNM),  “x.16” (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich, from star-shaped mine in burdock, 29.ix.1913 (1♀, USNM), Shelby, 24.v.1914, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), KS:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Riley Co.</a>
                 , Konza Prairie, 3.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Helianthus annuus em. 13.vii.2015, #CSE1702, CNC564652 (1♀, CNC), Medora, sand dunes, 17.iv.1982, G.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Manhattan, D.A. Wilbur, 17.x.1933 (1♀, USNM), 2.v.1930 (1♀, USNM), 8.x.1930 (1?, USNM), 17.ix.1933 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), LA: Baton Rouge, 28.v.1917, collected on Globe artichoke, T.H. Jones, Chittenden No. 4257-1, issued iv.1917 (1♀, USNM), issued iii.17 (1♂, USNM), issued 12.iii.1917 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Lake Charles</a>
                 , 9.vi.1917, J.M. Aldrich (2♀, USNM), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Franklin Co.</a>
                 , Northfield, 263  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Capt. Beers Plain Rd.</a>
                 , 11.vii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Ambrosia artemisiifolia , em. 14.vii.2012, CNC391483,CNC391484 (2♀, CNC), MD: Cabin john Bridge, 28.iv,  “19/2” , Knab and Malloch (1♀, USNM), P.G. Co., Camp Springs, 16.vii.1979, Malaise trap, G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Colesville, 4.vi.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Cabin John,  “x-21” , J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), MI: S Haven, 23.vi.1938, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Nottawa, 8.vi.1941, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Hart, 20.vi.1989, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), E Lansing, 29.vii.1941, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), E Lansing, 6.viii.1941, B. Wilson (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">St. Joseph</a>
                 , 28.vi.1942, C.W. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), Manhattan, 1.x.1933, H.M. Smith (1♂, USNM), MO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">McDonald Co.</a>
                 , nr. Lanagan, 8.v.1984, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Carteret Co.</a>
                 , Atlantic Beach, 3-4.ix.1986, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂ 3♀, USNM), OH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Champion Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Kiser Lake</a>
                 S.P., 40°11.6'N, 83°58.8'W, 5.ix.1976, S.A. Steinly (1♀, USNM), OK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Payne Co.</a>
                 , Mehan, 20.v.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Silphium laciniatum , em. 1.vi.2016, #CSE2666, CNC654004 (1♂, CNC), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">East Ridge</a>
                 , 9.v.1952, O. Peck, CNC391470 (1♂, CNC), TX: Welder Wildlife Ref. nr Sinton, 19-23.iii.1965, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391468 (1♂, CNC), Clarendon, 19.ix.1905, on  Grindelia squarrosa , "9/23/05, VI ia", Hunter No. 108a, W.D. Pierce (1♀, USNM), Colemon, 6.xi.1936, R.H. Painter (1♂, USNM), VA: Arlington, 23.viii.1906, leaf mine on  Zinnia , issued 25.viii.1926 (1♀, USNM), issued 24.viii.1926 (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.98/lat 40.193333)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.98&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.193333">Great Falls</a>
                 , 21.vi.1931, A.L. Melander (3♀, USNM), WV: Morgan Co., nr. Great Cacapon, 3.vii.1983, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A0F96E99B3DAF29057F35B0F3172B12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
35F393EFD10E259820F5E88BD069257C.text	35F393EFD10E259820F5E88BD069257C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza promissa (Frick)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza promissa (Frick)</p>
            <p>Figs 480-483</p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) jucunda . Misidentification, in part. Frick 1952a: 395. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) promissa Frick, 1956: 287. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza promissa . Spencer, 1969: 153; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 143; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 86; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 35. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-2.1 mm (♂), 2.3-2.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.1-2.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.0-5.9. First flagellomere circular (one female with angulate segment reported in Spencer 1969). Thorax with light pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Ocellar seta stout and straight, with length ranging from that of tubercle to that of postocellar. Two large, well-developed dorsocentrals posteriorly, third dorsocentral 1/2-4/5 length of second dorsocentral, fourth dorsocentral sutural and barely larger than surrounding setule. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Usually two posteromedial setae on mid tibia, sometimes one.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; male frons brownish in posterolateral corner to just past posterior ors along fronto-orbital plate, female with posterolateral spot extending to midpoint between vertical setae and ocellar tubercle, distant from base of posterior ors; posteroventral margin of gena brown. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow. Calypter white. Halter white. Legs and abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 480-483) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium with two setae on inner lobe. Postgonite bare and simple with broadly rounded medial process. Basiphallus sclerotised along apical and left lateral margins. Paraphallus narrow, pointed, exclinate. Hypophallus broad and ill-defined with J-shaped medial sclerite. Mesophallus short, wide, and broadly rounded. Distiphallus with outer cover pale, bulging medially and with slight apical flare, and inner process small, broad, and short-haired. Ejaculatory apodeme very broad, well-sclerotised, stem short, base confluent with sclerotised base of duct and margin of sperm pump.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Symphotrichum ; possibly also  Ampelaster (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: MB, ON. USA: CA, CO, DE*, FL (leaf mines and females), KS*, LA, MA, MI*, NC, NY, OK. Widespread from southern Canada to FL and CA (Spencer 1990).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. CA: Alameda Co., Albany, 28.ix.1948, K.E. Frick, reared from a larva mining a leaf of  Aster chilensis (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Paratype: USA. CA: Alameda Co., Albany, K.E. Frick, reared from a larva mining a leaf of  Aster chilensis , 21.vii.1948 (1♂, USNM), 28.viii.1948 (1♂ 1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                 Canada. MB: Aweme, N. Criddle, 27.viii.1917, CNC391562 (1♂, CNC), 28.viii.1917, CNC391563 (1♀, CNC) ,   USA. CO: Park Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">High Creek
Fen
</a>
                 , 13.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Symphotrichum cf. lanceolatum em. 25.vii.2015, #CSE1828, CNC564673 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Larimer Co.</a>
                 , Estes Park, 1.ix.2015, N.D. Charney,  Symphyotrichum , #CSE2041, CNC654334 (1♂, CNC), DE: Newark, 31.v.1974 (1♂, USNM), KS: Manhattan, D.A. Wilbur, 24.x.1930 (1♂, USNM), LA: Alexandria, 11 mi SW, J.G. Chillcott, 21.iii.1960, CNC391564, CNC391565 (2♂, CNC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Berkshire Co.</a>
                 , Stockbridge,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Agawam Lake</a>
                 , 14.viii.2017, em. 20.viii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Symphyotrichum puniceum , #CSE4152, CNC939711 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Franklin Co.</a>
                 , Northfield, 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 4.viii.2017, em. 10.viii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Symphyotrichum lateriflorum , #CSE4101, CNC939663 (1♂, CNC), MI: Midland, 6-7.vi.1936, C.W. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Durham Co.</a>
                 , Durham, 20.v.2015, T.S. Feldman,  Symphotrichum , em. by 25.v.2015, #CSE1581, CNC564611, CNC564612 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Scotland Co.</a>
                 , Laurinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 15.v.2015, T.S. Feldman,  Symphotrichum , em. v.2015, #CSE1563, CNC564633 (1♂, CNC), 17.viii.2015, T.S. Feldman,  Symphotrichum cf. pilosum , em. 18.viii.2015, #CSE2122, CNC564666 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Scotland Co.</a>
                 , Laurinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 11.v.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Symphyotrichum pilosum , em. 18.v.2016, #CSE2469, CNC653957 (1♀, CNC), 15.ix.2015, T.S. Feldman and C.S. Eiseman,  Symphyotrichum cf. pilosum , em. 24-28.ix.2015, #CSE2098, CNC653942, CNC653943 (2♂, CNC), x.2015, T.S. Feldman,  Symphyotrichum , em. by xi.2015, #CSE2160, CNC653937 (1♀, CNC), OK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Payne Co.</a>
                 , Mehan, 23.iii.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Symphyotrichum drummondii , em. by iv.2016, #CSE2657, CNC653987 (1♂, CNC), 24.iii.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Symphyotrichum oolentangiensis , em. 30.iii.2016, #CSE2659, CNC653995 (1♀, CNC), Payne Co., Mehan, 36°0'51.62"N, 96°59'48.28"W, 6.vi.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Symphyotrichum ericoides , em. by 17.vi.2016, #CSE2596, CNC634974, CNC634975 (2♂, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Tentatively identified material.</p>
            <p>  USA. FL: Lake Co.,  Alexander Springs , 26.iii.2013, em. 12-18.iv.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Ampelaster carolinianus , #CSE270, CNC384821-384824 (4♀, CNC)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/35F393EFD10E259820F5E88BD069257C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5DCE0E58F5CA915F91098B0478CC5477.text	5DCE0E58F5CA915F91098B0478CC5477.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza solidaginis (Kaltenbach 1869)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza solidaginis (Kaltenbach)</p>
            <p>Figs 470, 471</p>
            <p> Agromyza solidaginis Kaltenbach, 1869: 196. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza solidaginis . Hering 1925: 133, 1927: 56. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Calycomyza) solidaginis . Hendel 1931: 69; Hering 1951: 42. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) solidaginis . Frick 1953: 70, 1956: 292. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza bellidis . Misidentification, in part. Hendel 1920: 136, 1923: 394. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza solidaginis . Spencer, 1969: 155; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 145; Boucher and Wheeler 2001: 614; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 86; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 36. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.6-2.0 mm (♂), 2.0-2.3 mm (♂). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.1-2.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.8-3.6. First flagellomere with shallow angle on anterodorsal margin. Notum subshiny to heavily dusted.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Ocellar seta sometimes thinner and/or shorter than postocellar. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae, setula in front of anterior dorsocentral small to long and well-developed, sometimes reaching 2/3 length anterior dorsocentral. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. One posteromedial seta on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; frons brownish in posterolateral corner; lateral margin of frons sometimes either with narrow brown infuscation along fronto-orbital plate that occasionally extends to encompass base of fronto-orbitals, or with brown stripe extending from vertical setae to posterior or anterior ors; dorsal margin to dorsal 1/3 of face brown. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot) and small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow. Calypter white. Halter white. Legs and abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 470, 471) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium and postgonite as in  C. humeralis . Basiphallus sclerotised along dorsal/left-lateral surface. Hypophallus with one pair of long, narrow sclerites approximately as long as basiphallus with irregular outline and small inner-basal process. Paraphallus rod-like with base wider and darker; diverging, angled anteroventrally; joined basally by narrow transverse sclerite. Mesophallus as long as basiphallus, slightly bulbous basally, with dark basal plate in front of point of duct insertion; small medial sclerite between mesophallus and distiphallus present. Distiphallus entirely divided into two short tubules, dark, very closely spaced; base stem-like (lateral view) and most of distal region broader, cup-like, angled slightly dorsally; inner fringed structure slightly emerging apically. Ejaculatory apodeme similar to that of  C. platyptera . </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Erigeron glabellus *,  Solidago ,  Canadanthus modestus *,  Symphyotrichum ciliolatum *. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB*, NB*, NS, ON, QC, YT. USA: widespread outside of AK and HI. Europe. Russia*. China, Yemen (Papp and  Černý 2017). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Syntypes: Austria [not given]. [Types from Germany lost (Spencer 1981)]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada: AB: Killen, 13.iv.1941, A. Stone (1♂, USNM), Kananaskis, 0.5 km SE Barrier Lk. Univ. Fld. Stn., 2.viii.2001, 51°02'N, 115°02'W, C.J. Borkent (1♂, RBCM), C.E. Lee Sanctuary, Devon Sandhills, on  Erigeron glabellus , larva collected 8.viii.1980, emerged 28.viii.1980, G.C.D. Griffiths, E432 (1♀, UASM), larva collected 9.vi.1980, emerged 20.vi.1980, G.C.D. Griffiths (1♀, UASM), Elk Island Nat. Park, on  Aster modestus , puparium collected 20.vii.1975, emerged 1.viii.1975, G.C.D. Griffiths, E260 (1♂ 2♀, UASM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -115.03333/lat 54.7)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-115.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.7">Swan</a>
                 Hills, 54°42'N, 115°49-50'W, 3700-3750 ft, on  Aster ciliolatus , puparium collected 7.viii.1977, emerged 26.viii.1977, G.C.D. Griffiths, SW79 (1♀, UASM), emerged 17.viii.1977 (1♂, UASM), NB: Pt. Lepreau, 10.viii.1956, A.H. Sturtevant (1♀, USNM), NS: Bridgetown, 29.viii.1912, [illegible], CNC391417 (1♀, CNC), Truro, 5.ix.1973, CNC391424 (1♂, CNC), ON: Ancaster, 22.vii.1946, T.N. Freeman, CNC391420 (1♀, CNC), Grand Bend, 10.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC391461, CNC391423, CNC391427 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), 11.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC391419 (1♂, CNC), 12.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC391418 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -115.03333/lat 54.7)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-115.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.7">Harwood Plains</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -115.03333/lat 54.7)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-115.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.7">Constance Bay Rd.</a>
                 , 19.vii.1967, G.E. Shewell, CNC391428, CNC391429 (2♀, CNC), Ottawa, 16.ix.1952, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391426 (1♂, CNC), 22.v.1946, A.R. Brooks, CNC391425, CNC391561 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 30.viii.1963, O. Peck, CNC391465 (1♀, CNC), Rockliffe, E of, 18.viii.1941, O. Peck, CNC391464 (1♀, CNC), Simcoe, 14.vi.1930, G.E. Shewell, CNC391463 (1♀, CNC), 23.vi.1930, G.E. Shewell, CNC391462 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -115.03333/lat 54.7)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-115.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.7">St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park</a>
                 , Grenadier I. Centre, 24.vi.1975, B.E. Cooper, Code 220M-15, CNC391430 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -115.03333/lat 54.7)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-115.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.7">St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park</a>
                 , McDonald Is., 4.ix.1976, W. Reid, Code 4620-T, CNC391444 (1♀, CNC), ON: Wellington Co., Stone Rd E, Malaise, R.A. Cannings, 21.ix.1991 (1♂, RBCM), 2.vii.1992 (1♀, RBCM), 5.vii.1992 (1♂, RBCM), 7.x.1992 (1♀, RBCM), QC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -115.03333/lat 54.7)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-115.03333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=54.7">Ottawa River</a>
                 , 13.vii.1967, [K.A. Spencer], CNC391422 (1♂, CNC)  .   RUSSIA. Moscow Oblast:  Moskau-Wladykino , mine an  Solidago virgaurea , 27.vi.1956, Buhr, 1175, CNC391421 (2♀, CNC)  .   USA. AZ: Cochise Co., Rustler park, 9.vi.1972, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), CA: Meyers Sta., 10.viii.1921, 7000', A.H. Sturtevant (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Riverside</a>
                 , 22.ii.1955, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Lakeside Tahoe</a>
                 , 29.vi.1929, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Mentone</a>
                 , 13.v.1953, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), CO: Tenn. Pass, JMA, 23.vii.1917 (1♀, USNM), 24.vii.1917 (1♀, USNM), CT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Goose Island</a>
                 , 21.vii.1913 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Doolittle Ranch</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Mt. Evans</a>
                 , 2987 m, poplar woods, 22.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391446 (1♀, CNC), Idaho  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Springs</a>
                 , 3mi SW, 2438 m, 27.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC391449 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Jackson Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Muddy Pass</a>
                 , 2682 m, 15.viii.1961, B. Poole, CNC391443 (1♂, CNC), Loveland Pass, W slope, 3002 m, 28.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391448 (1♀, CNC), 8.viii.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC391447 (1♀, CNC), DC: Washington,  “AP” , 21.x.1956, P.H. Arnaud, Jr. (2♂, USNM), Washington, 17.viii.1913, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), FL:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Jackson Co.</a>
                 , Florida  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">
Caverns 
St. Park</a>
                 , 26.v.1973, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Leon Co.</a>
                 , Tall Timber Res. Sta., 29.v.1973, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), GA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Waynesboro</a>
                 , 26.v.1943, leaf-miner of goldenrod, emerged 7.vi.1943, C.H. Hoffman (1♂, USNM), IA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Winneshiek Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Decorah</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Community Prairie</a>
                 , 43°18'5.04"N, 91°48'6.60"W, 18.vi.2017, J. van der Linden,  Solidago , em. vii.2017, #CSE4949, CNC1288659 (1♂, CNC), ID: Chateolet, viii.1915, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), IN: Lafayette, 30.iv.1915, swept from grass, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich, 15.iv.1915 (1♀, USNM),  “x-15” (1♂, USNM),  “x-13” (1♂, USNM), MA: Vineyard Haven, 17.viii.1954, A.H. Sturtevant (1♂, USNM), Woods Hole, viii.1922, A.H. Sturtevant (1♂, USNM), Forest Hills, 22.ix.1913, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 , Nantucket,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Dead Horse Valley</a>
                 , 6.viii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago leaf mine, em. 15.viii.2012, #CSE32, CNC391435-391439 (4♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 , Nantucket, Ice Pond Lot, 26.vii.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Solidago latissimifolia , em. 5.viii.2014, #CSE1269, CNC384825, CNC384826 (2♀, CNC), 5.viii.2012, em. 8-15.viii.2012, #CSE22, CNC391431-391434 (3♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 , Nantucket, Squam Swamp, 12.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Solidago latissimifolia , em. 23.vi.2013, #CSE587, CNC384812 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Tuckernuck Island</a>
                 , 14.vii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, J.A. Blyth, leaf mine in  Solidago , em. 22.vii.2012, #CSE58, CNC391440 (1♂, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Colesville, 4.ix.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Worth (1♂, USNM), P.G. Co., Camp Springs, 25.viii.1979, G.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), MI: E Lansing, 20.v.1939, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Leelanau Co.</a>
                 , 22.vi.1937, C. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), Mio, 29.v.1937, H. Millron (2♀, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Hyde Co.</a>
                 , 3mi E Swan Quarter, 19.iv.1981, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (2♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Base of Wayah Bald</a>
                 , 10.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC391442 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Bubbling Spring Creek</a>
                 , nr. Tennessee Bald, 1554 m, 17.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391445 (1♀, CNC), SC: Aiken, 13.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391441 (1♂, CNC), Coosawhatche, 1.i.1972, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391450 (1♀, CNC), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Scotland Co.</a>
                 , Laurinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 31.iii.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Solidago canadensis , em. 12-15.iv.2016, #CSE2374, CNC653966-653969 (4♂, CNC), NH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Mt. Wash.</a>
                 , Alpine Garden, 30.viii.1957, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), NJ: Morristown, 1.v.1925, A.H. Sturtevant (1♂, USNM), NY: L.I., Cold Spring Harbor, July, A.L. Melander (2♂ 2♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Bear Mt.</a>
                 , 31.v.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), OH: Indian Cr. C.P., nr. Oxford, 25.v.1976, S.A. Steinly (1♂, USNM), Woodside, 8.vi.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), OR:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Mt. Hood</a>
                 , 29.vii.1921, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">York Co.</a>
                 , 2mi W of Airville, 29.viii.1981, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), SC: Florence,  “6-1-43” , emerged 5.vi.1943, leaf-miner of goldenrod (1♀, USNM), UT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Timpanogos Mt.</a>
                 , 25.vi.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), VA: Alexandria, v.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM)reene (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Great Falls</a>
                 , 8.vi.1938, C.T. Greene (1♀, USNM), WY: Yellowstone Park, W Craigs Pass, 7900', 8.viii.1918 (1♂, USNM), Yellowstone Park, 9.viii.1918, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Yellowstone Park, Biscuit Basin, 2.viii.1934, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5DCE0E58F5CA915F91098B0478CC5477	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
2256E5C5E6E6A5FA085D1AF16BDF2D6B.text	2256E5C5E6E6A5FA085D1AF16BDF2D6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Calycomyza verbenae (Hering)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Calycomyza verbenae (Hering)</p>
            <p>Figs 484-489</p>
            <p> Agromyza jucunda . Misidentification, in part. Coquillett 1898: 77. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Calycomyza) verbenae Hering, 1951: 42. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Calycomyza) verbenae . Frick, 1953: 70, 1956: 300. </p>
            <p> Calycomyza verbenae . Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 151; Martinez and Etienne 2002: 30; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 36. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-2.1 mm (♂), 2.0-2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.8-3.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.5-5.4. First flagellomere circular. Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Two well-developed dorsocentral setae, setula in front of anterior dorsocentral thin and nearly 1/2 the length of that seta, appearing as third dorsocentral. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head yellow with back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar tubercle and antenna dark brown; frons brownish in posterolateral corner with faint stripe extending from posterior margin of frons to base of posterior ors Thorax dark brown with postpronotum (excluding dark anteromedial spot confluent with margin), notopleuron (excluding dark elongate sublateral spot), small anterolateral spot behind suture yellow, and scutum faintly to distinctly yellowish on suture near sides of scutellum. Halter white. Calypter margin brownish and hairs brown. Legs and abdomen dark brown with fore knee yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 484-489) Epandrium and surstylus with dense patch of tubercle-like setae on inner-distal margin. Hypandrium with one seta on broad inner lobe. Postgonite large, broad, rounded apically. Basiphallus sclerotised along apical and left lateral margins. Paraphallus absent. Hypophallus broad, wider apically and with sclerotised lateral margins. Mesophallus relatively broad with base bulbous and with strong ventral curve subapically. Distiphallus medially divided with halves closely adjoined, very dark; outer cover broadly rounded, slightly angled dorsally, enclosing dark inner process that slightly protrudes. Ejaculatory apodeme stout, typical of genus.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Verbenaceae -  Glandularia ,  Verbena ,  Stachytarpheta (Frick 1953, Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018) </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: AZ, DC, FL, IA, IL, IN, NC, NJ, NM, OH; verification required for GA, MD, MS, NY, PA; leaf mines requiring verification from KS, MA, MD (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Brazil.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. NM: State College, near Las Cruces, 7-10.vii.1949, J.R. Eyer, ex.  Verbena hybrida , cultivated var. (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. DC: Washington, 23.viii.1928, reared from  Verbena , W.H. White, Chittenden No. 1084 (2♀ [one with puparium], USNM), Washington, 23.viii.1915, leaf miner on  Verbena , W.H. White (1♀, USNM), IL: Algonquin,  Coquillett (1♂, USNM), Chicago, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), IN:  Bluffton , 15.viii (1?, USNM),  Bluffton , 1905,  Verbena leaf miner (1♂ 1♀ 1puparium, USNM),  Layfayette ,  “x-13” , J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), OH:  Dayton , 13.vi.1906, mining in  Verbena leaf, N.B. Jervett (2♂, USNM),  Dayton , 13.vi.1906, mining in  Verbena leaf, issued 28.vi.1906 (1♀, USNM),  Dayton , 18.vi.1906, mining in  Verbena leaf, issued 28.vi.1906 (1♀, USNM), TX: Llano Co., Enchanted Rock, 15.vi.1953 (1♂, USNM). State unknown [likely IN]:  Verbena leaf miner, "7/30, 82,  Agromyza jucunda v.d.Wulp" (1♂ 4♀ [with puparia, all on same pin], USNM), "5465(?),  Oscinis malváe Burg." (3♂ 2♀ [with puparia, all on same pin], USNM), "5465(?), July 20/74", collection C.V. Riley (1♂, USNM), "214L(?),  Oscinis malvae Bur. On  Verbena " (2♂ 1♀ 1destroyed, USNM). No locality data:  Verbena leaf miner, 30.vii.1882 (1♂ 4♀ [two with puparia, same pin], USNM), [illegible] (3♂ 2♀ [four with puparia, same pin), USNM], [illegible], 20.vii.1914, C.V. Riley (1♂, USNM), Dept. Noja[?] 35, 31.x.1881 (1♀, USNM), No. 1035, leaf miner on  Verbena , 1.x.1881 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), 214L[?],  Oscinis malvae on  Verbena (2♂ 1♀ 1?, USNM), Dept. No. 1035,  Oscinis malvae , on 26.x.1881 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The genitalia of  Calycomyza verbenae are highly similar to those of  C. eupatorivora Spencer (Spencer and Stegmaier 1973), which is found on  Eupatorium odoratum in Jamaica, but possibly also occurs in Brazil and Venezuela (reared from  Alomia fastigata and  Eupatorium odoratum , respectively), although the latter differs in having a broad yellow posterolateral spot on the scutum, a slightly yellowish scape and pedicel, developed paraphalli, a shorter mesophallus that appears nearly ovate in profile, and a distiphallus that is much more strongly angled dorsally. </p>
            <p> See comments for  Calycomyza avira . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2256E5C5E6E6A5FA085D1AF16BDF2D6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
3A4138E92B7FE8858AF2509FA327AEB8.text	3A4138E92B7FE8858AF2509FA327AEB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Butomomyza) angulata (Loew)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Butomomyza) angulata (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 99, 490-494, 495-502</p>
            <p> Agromyza angulata Loew, 1869: 47. Melander 1913: 254; Malloch 1915c: 359; Frick 1952a: 391 [as synonym of  Agromyza atra Meigen, 1830], 1957: 202 [lectotype designation]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza neptis Loew, 1869: 50. Frick 1952: 373. Frick 1957 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza semiposticata Hendel, 1920: 131. Frick 1957 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Poemyza) semiposticata . Hendel 1931-1936: 49; Nowakowski 1973: 152 [synonymy?]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza cinereifrons Frost, 1931: 276. Frick 1957 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Agromyza cinereifrons . Frick, 1952: 392. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Phytobia angulata . Shewell, 1953: 466; Frick 1957: 202, 1959: 380. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Agromyza neptis . Shewell, 1953: 468 [lectotype designation]. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Butomomyza) semiposticata . Nowakowski, 1967: 634. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) angulata . Spencer, 1969: 113. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Butomomyza) angulata . Spencer &amp; Steyskal, 1986b: 99; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771;  Černý 2018: 124; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 39;  Černý et al. 2020: 202; Eiseman et al. 2021: 21. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 99). Wing length 2.0-2.7 mm (♂), 2.1-2.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7-1.2. Eye height divided by gena height: 10.6-18.6. First flagellomere small, rounded, higher than long; with longer hairs on anterior margin above middle that may appear as a more or less discrete tuft. Lunule as high, or slightly higher than wide, subtriangular; minutely tomentose, velvety. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle not distinct. Posterior ocelli slightly displaced laterally.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta slightly shorter, straighter, and more angled inwards); two ors. Orbital setulae in one reclinate row. Ocellar and postocellar setae sometimes longer than fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentrals slightly decreasing in length anteriorly. Acrostichal seta small to well-developed. Acrostichal setulae in five or six irregular rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae brown to dark brown. Base colour of body pale brown, sometimes appearing yellowish, with surface subshiny; ocellar tubercle and ventral margin of gena dark brown; clypeus either dorsally or entirely dark brown; palpus, face, parafacial, back of head (sometimes excluding yellowish dorsomedial region) and abdomen darker brown; if posterolateral corner of frons to inner vertical also darker brown, then darker region sometimes extending to base of posterior fronto-orbital; postpronotum and notopleuron slightly more yellowish with posterior corner of both sometimes light yellow; lateral margin of postsutural scutum narrowly yellow; wing veins light brown, becoming light yellowish to white at base; calypter yellowish white; halter white; femora yellow apically for length equal to femur width; fore tibia yellowish; tarsi yellowish; dorsomedial region of epandrium, including process above anus, yellow to yellowish brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 490 - 502) Epandrium with small rounded process above anus. Cercus small, setulose. Surstylus small, incurved, fused to epandrium; with shallow oblique ridge of pronounced tubercle-like setae on inner surface. Subepandrial sclerite divided medially with one pair of flat plate-like dorsal sclerites with one ventral seta, and one pair of darker rod-like ventral processes with one outer subapical spine. Hypandrium subtriangular with apex broadly rounded; inner lobe with narrow, weak attachment to outer frame, with several empty sockets, weak inner plate, and long basal arm. Postgonite small, narrow, dark. Phallophorus subcylindrial, dorsally fused to basiphallus. Basiphallus composed of a single bifid sclerite; left branch flat, pale, narrow to thick plate with apex shallowly divided; right branch produced into long dark arm. Hypophallus with left sclerite L-shaped with basal section darker, thicker, and mirroring extended arm of basiphallus; right sclerite pale, small, vestigial. Paraphallus (one pair) rounded, membranous, lobate, flanking base of mesophallus, venter sclerotised. Mesophallus ca. as long as distance from base of phallophorus to base of mesophallus; stalk slightly narrower than high; apical bulb 2/5 length of segment, broadly ovate in ventral view. Distiphallus slightly longer than mesophallus, entirely divided into one pair of sinuate arms with short, shallowly curved basal section and more sharply curved apical section with relatively straight intervening space; apex of distiphallus sometimes unwidened or slightly flared at opening, but sometimes apex more broadly subconical (Fig. 501) or barrel-shaped (Nowakowski 1973: fig. 145L and Fig. 502 for specimens from NC: Indian Gap discussed by Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). Ejaculatory apodeme with short, apically widened stem grading into large, pale blade; base dark, asymmetrical; sperm pump with ventral sclerotised plate widening into one pair of large lateral rounded extensions; sperm pump clear with one pair of floating sclerotised bars at either end in Indian Gap male.</p>
            <p> Variation: Many specimens from North Carolina and Tennessee (including Indian Gap male discussed and illustrated in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b) differ as follows. Acrostichal setulae in straight or irregular rows. Pigment darker overall, including on all antennal segments, which more sharply contrast paler regions; wing veins darker brown; tibiae and tarsi either darker or as described above for  “typical” specimens. </p>
            <p> A male from Massachusetts with acrostichal setulae in straight rows. Head dark brown to brown with fronto-orbital plate slightly paler; mid and hind femora entirely brown. Subepandrial sclerite with large hook on ventral process; apex of distiphallus swollen, barrel-like. Males from Washington State also similarly dark externally, but otherwise as above for  “typical” specimens, with acrostichal setulae in mostly straight rows. </p>
            <p>Variation: tentatively included: Specimens from northeastern states sometimes differ as follows. Acrostichal setulae in straight rows. Setae brown; pigment on head and thorax sometimes darker in females; first flagellomere slightly darker; clypeus entirely dark brown; notopleuron and postpronotum more evenly yellowish; legs entirely dark brown with apex of fore femur and sometimes apical margin of mid femur yellow. Spine on process of subepandrial sclerite highly reduced with surrounding area minutely textured, except in CNC male from Maryland, where spine is long, but more basally situated and angled towards base; paraphallus more produced; left lateral plate of basiphallus wider apically; distal section of distiphallus broadly rounded and C-shaped.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Cyperaceae -  Carex ,  Scirpus .  Juncaceae -  Juncus ,  Luzula .  Poaceae -  Dichanthelium (Eiseman et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, ON. USA: widespread. Widespread in Palaearctic (  Černý et al. 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype [angulata]: USA. PA: "Pennsylvania, Loew coll., angulata m" (1♀, MCZ; type no. 13,434).</p>
            <p> Lectotype [  Agromyza neptis ]: USA. DC: "DC, No. 53, Loew coll.,  Agromyza neptis m." (1♀, MCZ; type no. 13,440). </p>
            <p> Lectotype [semiposticata]: Germany. Pommern, Insel  Rügen , 1908, Hendel (1♀, NMW). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza cinereifrons ]: USA. NY: Florida, 7.vii.1917, S.W. Frost (1♂, USNM; type no. 62,963). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON: Ottawa, Stony Swamp, Beaver Trail, 45°18'0"N, 75°49'16"W, 13.vi.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC441055, CNC441087 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 7.vi.2015, CNC440794, CNC440870 (2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.84695/lat 42.261665)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.84695&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.261665">Rattlesnake Point Conservation Area</a>
                 , 11.vi.2011, Lonsdale and Richard, sweeping, CNC481026, CNC481027 (2♀, CNC), Wellington Co., Smith Property Trail nr. Arkell, 43°32'55"N, 80°11'0"W, 23.vi.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC441179, CNC441188 (2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.84695/lat 42.261665)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.84695&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.261665">Kent Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.84695/lat 42.261665)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.84695&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.261665">Rondeau Prov.</a>
                 Pk., South Point, east parking lot, 42°15'42"N, 81°50'49"W, oak savannah, Malaise, 3-15.v.2003, S.A. Marshall, debu01121095 (1♀, DEBU)  .   USA. CT: Redding, 31.v.1930, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), IN: Lafayette, vii.1931, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), MA: Franklin Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Northfield</a>
                 , 42.648774, -72.429433, 26.x.2015, em. 30.iii-3.v.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Carex , pupation external, #CSE2296, CNC654203-654211 (1♂ 8♀, CNC), em. 17.iv.2016, pupation internal, #CSE2400, CNC654195 (1♀, CNC), 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 1.xi.2015, em. 3.v.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Carex , pupation external, #CSE2443, CNC654170 (1♀, CNC), 18.vii.2016, puparium 19.vii.2016, em. 4.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Dichanthelium clandestinum , #CSE2842, CNC654169 (1♂, CNC), 23.vii.2016, em. 11.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Scirpus hattorianus , #CSE2868, CNC659970 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Hampshire Co.</a>
                 , Northampton, 42.366360, -72.671754, 15.vi.2017, em. 6.vii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Carex stipata , #CSE3899, CNC939710 (1♀, CNC), Pelham,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Quarry St.</a>
                 , 4.vii.2013, em. 18.vii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Dichanthelium clandestinum , #CSE713, CNC392665 (1♂, CNC), Pelham, Butter Hill Wildlife Sanctuary, 19.iv.2015, em. 8.v.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Luzula , #CSE1543, CNC564618 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 , Nantucket, 41.289665, -70.010519, 30.vii.2017, em. 18.viii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Carex crinita , #CSE4140, CNC939651 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Worcester Co.</a>
                 , Charlton,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Flint Rd.</a>
                 , 21.ix.2016, em. 25.ix.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Dichanthelium clandestinum , #CSE3010, CNC638884 (1♀, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Calvert Co.</a>
                 , 8 km S Prince Frederick, 2.v.1987, J.M. Cumming, CNC481028, CNC481029 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Bethseda, 17.v.1981, G.C. Steyskal (2♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Colesville, 19.ix.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), 26.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), Cabin John, 24.v.1931, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), NC: Gt Smokies NP, Clingman Dome, 21.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Smokies, Andrews Bald, 9.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂ 2♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Durham Co.</a>
                 , Durham, Leigh Farm Park, 9.v.2017, em. 13.vi.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Dichanthelium , #CSE3826, CNC939783 (1♂, CNC), 14.vi.2017, em. 3.vii.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Dichanthelium , #CSE3891, CNC939773 (1♂, CNC), Pelham Road, 13.v.2017, em. 3-6.vi.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Dichanthelium acuminatum ssp. acuminatum , #CSE3784, CNC939827-939829 (1♂ 2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Sandy Creek</a>
                 Park, 16.v.2017, em. 8.vi.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Dichanthelium , #CSE3806, CNC939841 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Scotland Co.</a>
                 , Laurinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 10.i.2017, em. 15.ii.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Carex , #CSE3150, CNC939737 (1♀, CNC), 18.i.2017, em. 6.iii.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Dichanthelium , #CSE3158, CNC939751 (1♂, CNC), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Bear Mt.</a>
                 , 31.v.1941, A.L. Melander (2♂ 3♀, USNM), PA: Ono, 7.vi.1940, Melander (1♂, USNM), VA: Hawksbill, Shenandoah, 1097-1234 m, 7.vi.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480663 (1♀, CNC), Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 3.vii.1939, Alexander (1♂, USNM), 15.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (2♂, USNM), Blacksburg, 2100', 29.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, USNM), Chain Bridge, 29.vii.1923, J.M. Malloch (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Giles Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Jefferson Nat. Forest</a>
                 , Cascades Trail, 16.v.1977, D.C. Caloren (1♂, DEBU),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Giles Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Mountain Lake Biol. Stn.</a>
                 , 37°22'31"N, 80°31'18"W, 24.v.2001, O. Lonsdale, debu1007754 (1♂, DEBU),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Alexandria Co.</a>
                 , Maywood, 21.v.1922, W.L. McAtee (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Dead Run, 28.vii.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), VT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Essex Co.</a>
                 , 5mi W Bloomfield, 28.vi.1972, H.J. Teskey, CNC481030 (1♀, CNC), WA: Jefferson Co., 10.x.2012, em. 4.v.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex broad-leaved wetland  Carex , #CSE412, CNC358502 (1♂, CNC), 11.x.2012, em. 20.v.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex narrow-leaved upland  Carex , #CSE528, CNC358501 (1♂, CNC), WV: Parkersburg, 21.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Parkersburg, 21.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), State unknown: Gt. Smokie NP,  Newf’nd Ridge, 11.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂ 1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Additional material examined</p>
            <p> [" variation"].   USA. MA: Hampshire Co.,  Pelham ,  Quarry St. , 4.vii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Dichanthelium clandestinum , em. 18.vii.2013, #CSE713, CNC392665 (1♂, CNC),  Worcester Co. ,  Charlton ,  Flint Rd. , 21.ix.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Dichanthelium clandestinum , em. 25.ix.2016, #CSE3010, CNC638884 (1♀, CNC),  Franklin Co. ,  Northfield , 276  Old Wendell Rd. , 1.xi.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Carex , em. 3.v.2016, #CSE2443, CNC654170 (1♀, CNC), 18.vii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Dichanthelium clandestinum , em. 4.viii.2016, #CSE2842, CNC654169 (1♂, CNC), by beaver pond, 26.x.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Carex , em. 17.iv.2016, #CSE2400, CNC654195 (1♀, CNC), 26.x.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Carex , em. 30.iii-3.v.2016, #CSE2296, CNC654203-654211 (1♂ 8♀, CNC), NC:  
Gr. Smoky 
Mt. Nat. Pk. ,  Clingman's
Dome
 , 1920-2024 m, 28.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480667 (1♂, CNC), Highlands,  Little Bear Pen Mt. , 5.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480665 (1♂, CNC), Highlands, Whitesides Cove, 853 m, 11.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480662 (1♀, CNC), Highlands,  Wilson’s Gap, 944 m, 25.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480664 (1♂, CNC), Highlands, 1158 m, 12.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480668 (1♂, CNC), 12.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480654 (1♂, CNC), 1158 m, 29.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480659 (1♀, CNC), 8.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480657 (1♀, CNC),  Macon Co. , Wayah Gap, 1249 m, 28.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480658 (1♀, CNC), 29.vii.1957, CNC480660, CNC480661 (2♀, CNC),  Wilkes Co. , Doughton Gap, 853 m, 6.vi.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480655 (1♂, CNC), TN:  East Ridge , 6.v.1952, O. Peck, CNC480656 (1♂, CNC), 9.v.1952, G.S. Walley, CNC480669 (1♂, CNC),  
Gr. Smoky 
Mt. Nat. Pk. , Greenbrier Cove, 609 m, 18.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480666 (1♂, CNC), Indian Gap, G.S.M.N.P., 1584 m, 3.vi.1957, C.D. Hines, CNC480653 (1♂, CNC), WA: Jefferson Co., 10.x.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Carex , em. 20.v.2013, #CSE412, CNC358502 (1♂, CNC), 11.x.2012, ex  Carex , em. 20.v.2013, #CSE528, CNC358501 (1♂, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Tentatively included specimens.</p>
            <p>Canada. ON: Bruce Co., Cameron Lake Rd., 20-26.vi.1998, spring fen, RET, S.A. Marshall, debu00071175 (1♂, DEBU). USA. CT: Redding, 8.vi.1930, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), MD: Garrett Co., Deep Creek Lake State Park, 39°30'N, 79°23'W, 17-20.vii.2000, G.F. Hevel (2♀, USNM), Montgomery Co., Bethseda, 22.viii.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co., Dickerson, 14.vii.1974, G.A. Foster (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co., 4mi SW of Ashton, 19.v.1985, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), 24.vii.1982 (1♂, USNM), Plummers I., H.L. Viereck (1♂, USNM), TN: Smokies, Chimneys, 4.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), VA: Giles Co., Mt. Lake, 9.ix.1976, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Augusta Co., Reddish Knob, 29.viii.1953, W.W. Wirth (3♂ 1♀, USNM), Alexandria Co., Maywood, 21.v.1922, W.L. McAtee (1♀, USNM), Arlington, vi.1938, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM), WV: Morgantown, 27.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Cerodontha angulata is broadly defined here, encompassing variation that the present and previous authors (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b) recognise as likely representative of additional cryptic species than cannot at present be confidently separated due to an overlap of characters, especially those of pigment, acrostichal setulae, and the subepandrial sclerite and phallus. In all specimens, however, the mesophallus is relatively straight in profile with a shallow, wide apical bulb, the left sclerite of the hypophallus is L-shaped with a narrow apical section, and the distiphallus has the basal curve small and shallow and the apical curve more pronounced with a relatively straight intervening section. The apex of the distiphallus may be only barely widened towards the terminal opening, but some have a more pronounced apical swelling that may be more conical or barrel-shaped. The ventral process of the subepandrial sclerite also has a pronounced subapical point, but this is highly reduced in specimens with a distiphallus that is more C-shaped in profile. </p>
            <p> The phallus of this species is unusually close to that of  Cerodontha butomomyzina Spencer from New Brunswick (Spencer 1969: fig. 196). Unfortunately the holotype and only known specimen of that species, originally deposited in the CNC, was lost in the mail while on loan in the 1990's. In the original description, Spencer noted that it belonged to the lineage containing  C. angulata , but that the prescutellar setae were weak. Prescutellar seta length in species of this subgenus appears to vary from well-developed to relatively weak, and should not in and of itself differentiate it from  C. angulata . Other differences include calypter hairs that are yellow-ochreous, a narrowly yellow upper margin of the pleuron (likely referring to the exposed membrane), a distiphallus that is not widened apically, and a mesophallus that appears to be slightly narrower and longer. Some  C. angulata , however, have a combination of an apically narrow distiphallus, a yellowish white calypter and reduced prescutellars, and the two species may be conspecific. Any minor differences in the original figure provided in Spencer (1969) may be an artifact of illustration. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3A4138E92B7FE8858AF2509FA327AEB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
ED307A8CC5BFDBCE339C35207E72A75A.text	ED307A8CC5BFDBCE339C35207E72A75A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Butomomyza) Nowakowski	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Butomomyza) Nowakowski</p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Butomomyza) Nowakowski, 1967: 633. Type species  Agromyza angulata Loew, by original designation. Spencer 1969: 110; Nowakowski 1973: 141; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 97; Zlobin 2001: 113. </p>
            <p> Species in the  subgenus Butomomyza , as defined by Nowakowski (1967), are recognisable by a lunule that is as wide as high or slightly higher, and at least in the Nearctic species examined here, the acrostichal setae are present and the body is often pale brown to brown. Furthermore, the shape of the lunule is subtriangular with bowed sides and often a pointed apex, and the surface is not textured, but covered with a minute velvety pubescence. Larvae also have one pair of rounded areas flanking the anus that are covered with black cuticular teeth that may reach the posterior spiracles. There are more than two dozen species, mostly in the north temperate regions, where they are known to mine in  Cyperaceae and  Poaceae (Zlobin 2001). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED307A8CC5BFDBCE339C35207E72A75A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
A142A0E96EADFED5005A83F4FD3B8330.text	A142A0E96EADFED5005A83F4FD3B8330.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Butomomyza) subangulata (Malloch 1916)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Butomomyza) subangulata (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 503-507</p>
            <p> Agromyza subangulata Malloch, 1916: 51. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Phytobia subangulata . Frick, 1952a: 392, 1959: 382; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 100. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (NC male). As described for  Cerodontha (Butomomyza) angulata , except as follows. Wing length 2.6 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 11.9. Acrostichal seta well-developed; acrostichal setulae in six straight rows. Frons between fronto-orbital plates rougher, pitted. Setae dark brown; frons darker brown, but dark brown pigment only present on tubercle; remainder of head brown to dark brown with clypeus, palpus and back of head clearly darker; brown pigment on remainder of body darker, contrasting more with paler regions; colour of postpronotum and notopleuron blotchier, with anterior and posterior regions of notopleuron yellower; wing veins brown to light brown, only yellow basal to basal cells; apices of all femora distinctly yellow, base and apex of fore tibia yellowish, and tarsi brownish yellow with apical one or two segments darker. Sclerotized portion of paraphallus flatter, band-like; distiphallus relatively straight, especially on distal 2/3, and with apex not swollen (Fig. 503); paired tubules of distiphallus very closely held along length. </p>
            <p> Variation: The Illinois holotype, based on the original description, differs as follows: additional ors present, possibly up to eight rows of acrostichal setulae, eye ~ 8  × higher than gena, palpus yellowish apically, apices of mid and hind femora not yellow; additionally, the length of vein dm-m is the same as the distance from vein r-m; distiphallus slightly more curved with apex slightly swollen (Figs 504-507). </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IL. Possibly MD, NC.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. IL: St. Joseph, 3.v.1914, Hart and Malloch (1♂, INHS). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. NC: Haywood Co.,  Pisgah Nat. Forest , Chestnut Bald, 5900', 2.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The Maryland male from Cabin John (Spencer and Steyskal 1986) and the North Carolina male examined and illustrated here, were both identified as  Cerodontha "near angulata" by Spencer, and tentatively assigned to  Cerodontha subangulata . Compared to the holotype, the tubules of the distiphallus of these males are more slender and shallowly curved. Since the length of crossvein dm-m is shorter than the length of this vein from r-m, as seen in  C. angulata , this character is no longer considered diagnostically valuable. The collection of additional material is essential to properly establishing species boundaries and morphological variation, which will hopefully supply additional characters to use in the identification key. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A142A0E96EADFED5005A83F4FD3B8330	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
6A6A4DE2ADC9BBA62D79FDD6F965F941.text	6A6A4DE2ADC9BBA62D79FDD6F965F941.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Cerodontha) dorsalis (Loew 1863)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Cerodontha) dorsalis (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 106, 508-512</p>
            <p> Odontocera dorsalis Loew, 1863: 54. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha dorsalis . Melander, 1913: 249; Malloch 1913: 331; Hendel 1931: 269; Curran 1934: 163; Frost 1936: 318. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Cerodontha) dorsalis . Frick, 1952a: 399, 1959: 399; Spencer 1969: 143; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 91; Boucher 2002: 581; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 41. </p>
            <p> Cerodonta femoralis Meigen, 1838. Misidentification (in part). Melander 1913: 249. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 106). Wing length 2.0-2.4 mm (♂), 2.0-2.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.8-1.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.6-3.7. Arista relatively stout and thickened on basal 1/2, distinctly thicker than width of distal 1/2. First flagellomere slightly longer than high, longest subdorsally, where segment ends in pronounced spine; sometimes very stout apically, appearing almost subrectangular, but often more gradually tapering to apex; distal margin to distal 1/2 of ventral margin with relatively long, white hairs. Fronto-orbital plate slightly visible laterally, with anterior region more strongly projecting, continuing as narrow parafacial; cheek evident on anterior 1/2 of gena.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori, slightly inset, usually also with additional weak ori anteriorly; two subequal ors. Orbital setulae sparse, in single row; partially reclinate, but becoming erect to proclinate anteriorly. Postocellar subequal to fronto-orbitals. Ocellar longer than fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentral setae, slightly decreasing in length anteriorly. Anterior notopleural seta, lateral scutellar seta, acrostichal seta and acrostichal setulae absent.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae black. Base colour of head light yellow to slightly whitish, contrasting rest of body; yellower between fronto-orbital plates on frons, on face, palpus, scape, pedicel and gena; first flagellomere dark brown; fronto-orbital plate with narrow dark brown marking posterolaterally to base of anterior or posterior ors; posterolateral corner of frons dark brown to dorsal margin of eye and outer vertical seta; clypeus yellow to brown with lateral arms usually browner; back of head dark brown. Notum mostly dark brown with sparse grey pruinosity, but often with yellowish to distinctly yellow pattern, usually including a vestige of the following: most or all of posterior margin, one pair of postsutural intra-alar stripes and one stripe between dorsocentral rows to approximate level of the second dorsocentral seta that continue to transverse suture along dorsocentral rows as one pair of very narrow lines; at least part of notopleuron and scutellum (usually wide central stripe) yellow, and postpronotum yellow with dark anteromedial spot that may predominate; metanotum usually yellow lateral scutellum. Pleuron dark brown with at least part of anepisternum yellow. Legs yellow with tibiae and tarsi light brown to brown. Halter white. Calypter margin greyish, hairs brown. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Variation: Darker forms differ as follows: dark posterolateral spot on frons sometimes reaching base of inner vertical seta; scutum, scutellum and anepisternum entirely dark, sometimes excluding yellowish medial marking on scutellum; femora sometimes with dark striping or mottling, at least basally. Paler forms with distinct yellow markings on notum; scutellum widely yellow medially with lateral margins dark; anepisternum usually entirely yellow with venter sometimes darker, katepisternum entirely yellow or with variable dark brown ventral spot.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 508-512) Epandrium rounded, without process protruding above anus. Cercus small, setose. Surstylus setose, produced inwards anterodorsally. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of strong setae and one pair of stout ventrolateral processes; rounded apically and with shallow outer subapical point. Hypandrium thin, halves approximate, with one pair of sockets on inner lobe. Postgonite small, bare. Phallophorus not much longer than wide, narrower to base, left distolateral margin more produced. Basiphallus with one broad left lateral sclerite slightly extending onto dorsal and left ventolateral surfaces. Hypophallus asymmetrical, with left sclerite darker, well-defined and with regular margin; right sclerite much larger but irregular, ill-defined, with minute sclerotised patches and hairs distally, and with base narrow, darker and discrete; clear tubule emerging from between sclerites. Mesophallus with dark, swollen irregular base enclosing apex of duct; otherwise cylindrical with basal 1/2 swollen, narrowest point at 2/3 length, and distoventral margin produced basally as thick lip. Distiphallus entirely divided into one pair of long tubules equal to length of phallophorus + basiphallus; somewhat S-shaped with basal curve short and apex directed anterodorsally; distal 1/3 thicker, darker, barrel-shaped, with narrow seam ventromedially. Ejaculatory apodeme with short, stout base and stem, blade relatively small with clear margin; sperm pump with one pair of sclerotisations continuing onto base of duct.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Agrostis ,  Avena ,  Bromus ,  Dactylis ,  Dichanthelium ,  Digitaria ,  Echinochloa ,  Ehrharta ,  Eleusine ,  Elymus ,  Eragrostis ,  Hordeum ,  Lolium ,  Panicum ,  Phalaris ,  Phleum ,  Poa ,  Secale ,  Setaria ,  Sorghum ,  × Triticosecale ,  Triticum ,  Zea (Frick 1959; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, NB, NS, ON, QC, SK. USA: "probably present in all states" (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). Brazil. Colombia. Ecuador. Guatemala. Jamaica. Mexico. Peru. Puerto Rico. Eastern Russia. Mongolia.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC: "51, DC, Loew Coll, dorsalis" (1♀, MCZ; type no. 13,433). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Waterton Lakes National Park, 49°5'N, 113°53'W, 1347 m, meadow, 5.vi.2005, Goulet and Boudreault, CNC480672, CNC480676 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), BC: Agassiz, Res. Sta., rhodo patch, 49°15'N, 121°46'W, 23.vii.2004, S.A. Marshall, Malaise trap, CNC287186, CNC287220, CNC287251, CNC287283 (2♂ 2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">Mt. Kobau</a>
                 , 49°5'N, 119°38'W, fallow field, 23.v.2005, Goulet and Boudreault, sweeping, CNC480673-480685 (11♂ 1♀, CNC), Osoyoos, 49°2'N, 119°27'W, alfalfa, 26.v.2005, Goulet and Boudreault, site 8, CNC480687 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">Apex Mt. Ski Area</a>
                 , 2.viii.2004, 49°28'56"N, 119°56'04"W, J.E. Swann (1♂, CNC), MB: Aweme, Criddle homestead, 49°43'N, 99°35'W, mixed grass prairie, 24.vii.2007, H. Goulet, sweeping, CNC480686 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">Assiniboine River Conservation Area</a>
                 , 49°40'42.48"N, 99°36'46.56"W, 1.vi.2007, Goulet, Boudreault and Fernandez, CNC352493 (1♀, CNC), NB: Madawaska Co., Saint-Jacques,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">Baisley Rd.</a>
                 at QC border, 27.vii.2013, O. Lonsdale, CNC271171, CNC271188 (2♂, CNC), ON: Moose Factory, 51°16'N, 80°36'W, 11.vi.1949, D.P. Whillans, CNC_ Diptera 109362 (1 ex, CNC), Ottawa, 3.vi.2007, J.R. Vockeroth, CNCDiptera164460 (1♂, CNC), Algonquin Provincial Park,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">
Whitefish 
Lake Group Campground</a>
                 , 45°33'47.01"N, 78°26'13"W, 414 m, 28.vi-2.vii.2008, J.andA. Skevington, Malaise trap, CNC339235, CNC339249 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Almonte, Burnt Lands Provincial Park, 45°15'43"N, 76°9'8"W, 5.vii.2015, O. Lonsdale, sweeping, CNC454712 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">Sudbury Dist.</a>
                 , Killarney Provincial Park, Cranberry Bog Trail, 46°1'8"N, 81°23'42"W, 1.ix.2014, O. Lonsdale, CNC380415 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">Sudbury Dist.</a>
                 , Killarney Provincial Park, Lake of the Woods Trail, 46°6'36"N, 81°11'48"W, 2.ix.2014, O. Lonsdale, CNC380790, CNC380793 (2♂, CNC), SK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.19667/lat 46.109997)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.19667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.109997">Maple Creek</a>
                 , mowed grass, 15.vii.2005, J.R. Vockeroth, CNCDiptera166564 (1♂, CNC), 7 km E Leask, 10.viii.2005, J.R. Vockeroth, CNCDiptera193131 (1♀, CNC), Cypress Hills Provincial Park, E Block, 9.vii.2005, J.R. Vockeroth, CNCDiptera166367 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CO: Chaffee Co., Poncha Springs,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">South</a>
                 Arkansas  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">River</a>
                 , 8.vii.2015, em. by 21.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  × Triticosecale , #CSE1777, CNC634812 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Boulder Co.</a>
                 , Corona Pass, 3230 m, marshy meadow at timberline, 6.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480693 (1♂, CNC), Doolittle Ranch,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Mt. Evans</a>
                 , 2987 m, 12.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC480720 (1♂, CNC), 27.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480717-480719, CNC480722 (4♂, CNC), 3.viii.1961, CNC480725 (1♀, CNC), 8.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC480721, CNC480723, CNC480724 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), Echo L.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Mt. Evans</a>
                 , 3230 m, 11.viii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC480696 (1♀, CNC), 12.viii.1961, CNC480694 (1♂, CNC), 24.viii.1961, CNC480695 (1♂, CNC), Idaho Springs, 5mi SW, 2621 m, 27.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC480713 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Lake Co.</a>
                 , Independence Pass, 3688 m, tundra, 31.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480714 (1♂, CNC), 8.viii.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC480715, CNC480716 (2♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Mt. Evans</a>
                 , 3566 m, timberline, 22.vii.1961, W.R.M. Mason, CNC480698 (1♀, CNC), 3962 m, on tundra, 28.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC480699 (1♀, CNC), 4267 m, 4.viii.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC480697 (1♀, CNC), Nederland, 3mi N, 2590 m, marshy stream margin, 2.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480711 (1♀, CNC), dry gravelly meadow, CNC480710 (1♂, CNC), Nederland, Science Lodge, 2895 m, 27.vi.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC480712 (1♀, CNC), Nederland, 2529 m, seepage area, 5.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480700-480709 (7♂ 3♀, CNC), Niwot Ridge, nr. Ward, 3444 m, 28.vi.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC480690, CNC480692 (2♂, CNC), Vernon Cn., nr. Golden, 2194 m, 31.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC480688, CNC480689, CNC480691 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), 2003, CNC484171 (4 ex, CNC), CT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Litchfield Co.</a>
                 , Canaan,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Falls Village</a>
                 , 21.vii.2015, em. 27.vii.2015, C. Vispo, ex  Elymus , #CSE2170, CNC564678 (1♂, CNC), NC: Clingmans Dome, 35°35'45"N, 83°29'54"W, 6500', 28.v.1999, J.R. Vockeroth, CNCDiptera193694 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Durham Co.</a>
                 , Durham,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Pelham Rd.</a>
                 , 29.iv.2017, em. ~ 17-22.v.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Dichanthelium , #CSE3675, CNC939801-939802 (2♀, CNC), 29.iv.2017, em. ~ 17.v.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Elymus virginicus , #CSE3676, CNC939821 (1♀, CNC), 13.v.2017, em. 19.v.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Dichanthelium dichotomum ssp. nitidum , #CSE3693, CNC939803 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">Scotland Co.</a>
                 , Laurinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.49833/lat 35.595833)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.49833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.595833">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 18.iv.2017, em. 18.v.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Agrostis hyemalis , #CSE3685, CNC939750 (1♂, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Cerodontha dorsalis is widespread in North America, and the only member of the subgenus found east of Manitoba and Colorado. The subgenus is more diverse in the western Nearctic, where differentiating  C. dorsalis from congeners can be difficult, requiring measurements of body size and examining the relative width of the arista, frons and parafacial. Dissection of the male is the most reliable method of diagnosis, with the large, thickened apical section of the distiphallus being unique. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6A6A4DE2ADC9BBA62D79FDD6F965F941	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
ED0C1F757B2C4B6D9FA3E3EE03980700.text	ED0C1F757B2C4B6D9FA3E3EE03980700.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Cerodontha) Rondani	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Cerodontha) Rondani</p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Cerodontha) . Nowakowski, 1962: 656, 1967: 656, 1973: 42; Spencer 1969: 142; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 91; Boucher 2002: 579. </p>
            <p> The nominal subgenus is quite readily diagnosed, as the first flagellomere has a narrow, produced point on the anterodorsal corner and the lateral scutellar setae are absent. The point on the first flagellomere is sometimes reduced so that the segment has only a slight anterodorsal angle (Boucher 2002). The habitus is also quite characteristic, with species being relatively slender and elongate, and often quite heavily marked with yellow. The  subgenus Xenophytomyza is similar in that the lateral scutellars are also absent and the first flagellomere is angled, but this angle is slight, never produced as a point, and the body is entirely dark, never with yellow markings. </p>
            <p> The subgenus contains ca. 60 species, with the ten Nearctic species revised by Boucher (2002). The widespread and morphologically variable species  C. dorsalis (Loew) occurs in the Delmarva states. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED0C1F757B2C4B6D9FA3E3EE03980700	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7FD9650C8F3D98F05DEFCC6851A280B3.text	7FD9650C8F3D98F05DEFCC6851A280B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) fasciata (Strobl 1880)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) fasciata (Strobl)</p>
            <p>Figs 513-518</p>
            <p> Phyllomyza fasciata Strobl, 1880: 38. </p>
            <p> Agromyza grossicornis var. fasciata . Strobl, 1893: 135. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza morosa Meigen. Misidentification. Hendel 1931-1936: 90. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza plumbea Hendel, 1931-1936: 92. Spencer 1971 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Dizygomyza) plumbea . Groschke, 1957: 116. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) plumbea . (in part) Nowakowski, 1967: 645. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza grisea Ryden, 1952: 26. Nowakowski 1967: 645 [as synonym of  Dizygomyza plumbea ]; Spencer 1971 [as synonym of  Dizygomyza fasciata ] </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) fasciata . Nowakowski, 1967: 644, 1972: 761; Spencer 1971: 153 (lectotype designation), 1976: 220; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 282; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 11. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) chaixiana (Groschke). Misidentification. Spencer, 1969: 115. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 2.3-2.6 mm (♂), 2.7-2.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.3-1.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.0-10.8. Male first flagellomere much enlarged, circular or slightly higher than long with anterodorsal margin sometimes slightly angled; covered with long, whitish hairs that end before base; female first flagellomere not enlarged or haired as for male, but with anterodorsal margin sometimes slightly angled. Arista slightly thickened on basal  ¼ -1/3. Male orbital not strongly projecting, but evident along length when viewed laterally with anterior margin most prominent; female fronto-orbital plate weakly visible laterally. Lunule large, broadly semi-circular with lateral margin meeting fronto-orbital plate; slightly narrower in female. Fronto-orbital plate widest medially, not exceeding 1/5 frons width. Posterior ocelli slightly displaced. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta slightly shorter); two ors; sometimes with additional ors or minute anterior ori on one side. Orbital setulae in one sparse row; erect with anterior setulae slightly proclinate. Postocellar and ocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Apex of palpus sometimes with two slightly stronger setae. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly, anterior dorsocentral almost 1/2 length of posterior dorsocentral. Six irregular rows of acrostichal setulae, reduced to two rows posteriorly, nearly attaining posterior margin of scutum; slightly longer posteriorly with one pair sometimes appearing as prescutellar acrostichal setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown, paler when reflecting light. Antenna brown to dark brown with first flagellomere darker; frons dirty yellowish brown with greyish pruinosity, palest on fronto-orbital plate, region between triangle and fronto-orbital plate darker, speckled with minute brown pits; lateral margin of fronto-orbital plate darker brown and base of setae sometimes with minute brown spot; ocellar triangle dark brown, slightly larger than tubercle, confluent with dark brown margin along back of head; slightly paler triangular region surrounding ocellar triangle; dark brown spot in posterolateral corner of frons reaching base of inner vertical seta; lunule smooth, velvety greyish, sometimes slightly darker brown dorsally; clypeus and venter of gena dark brown, remainder of gena dorsally with colour and texture as seen medially on frons; face dark brown with paler regions medially and ventrally. Thorax dark brown with faint pruinosity that is thicker on notum and dorsally on pleuron; notopleuron yellowish, at least in posterolateral corner, where yellow may be more pronounced; scutum with minute light yellow spot at lateral corner of scutellum and sometimes anterior corner of postpronotum. Calypter margin and hairs yellowish white. Wing veins yellow basal to medial 1/2 of basal cells. Halter yellow. Legs dark brown; apex of fore femur light yellow for length equal to width of femur; similar faint yellowish pigment often evident on mid and hind femora with hind leg darker; tarsi paler. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 513-518) Epandrium with pronounced process above anus that has base constricted (absent in male from Ohio); surstylus fused to epandrium, small, directed inwards, with three stout tubercle-like setae. Subepandrial sclerite with weak transverse dorsal band and one pair of medial setae; ventral lobe dark, apically tapering and medially curved; outer margin of process minutely serrated subapically and with shallow apical point. Phallophorus with narrow process on left margin, dorsally confluent with basiphallus. Basiphallus with dorsal plate that extends along right side as downturned, pointed process mirroring single sclerite of hypophallus, which is L-shaped and narrow and paler apically; left sclerite of basiphallus dark, clavate and weakly attached to dorsobasal section. Paraphallus (one pair) clear, lobate, with weak comma-shaped sclerotisation. Mesophallus very dark, rod-shaped, narrowest basally; with complete ventral suture; distal 2/5 slightly swollen to enclose chamber, with dorsum, ventral surface and lateroventral plate better-sclerotised. Distiphallus S-shaped, divided into one pair of separate parallel tubules; darker to base with clear basal section meeting mesophallus; with small basal curve and larger apical curve both semi-circular in outline; apex slightly swollen for length equal to 2  × width. Ejaculatory apodeme with basally tapering stem with broad base; blade large, clear; sperm pump with basal mottling. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Poa . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, BC*, NS*, ON. USA: MA*, MD*, MI*, NC, NY*, OH*, VA*, WV*. Europe (Papp and  Černý 2016). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype [fasciata]: Austria: Karnten: Ossiach (1♂, Coll. Strobl, Admont). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Lectotype [plumbea]: Austria (1♂, NMW). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Dizygomyza grisea ]: Sewden: Gotland: Fridhem, 22.vi (1♂, ZIL). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Jumping Pd. Cr., 20 mi W Calgary, 28.vi.1962, K.C. Hermann, CNC480756 (1♂, CNC), BC:  Atlin , 6.vii.1955, B.A. Gibbard, CNC480770 (1♀, CNC),  Royston , 7.vi.1955, R. Coyles, CNC480760 (1♂, CNC),  Terrace , marshy meadow, 11.vi.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480740-480742 (3♂, CNC), 31.v.1960, C.H. Mann, CNC480743-480747, CNC480771-480778 (5♂ 8♀, CNC), R.J. Pilfrey, CNC480779 (1♀, CNC), 31.vi.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480748-480754, CNC480780-480785 (7♂ 6♀, CNC),  Zymagotitz River , 6mi W Terrace, 57 m, 20.iii.1960, R. Pilfrey, CNC480739 (1♂, CNC), NS: Kentville, 6.viii.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480757, CNC480768, CNC480769 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), ON: Dresden, 2.vii.1962, S.M. Clark, CNC480767 (1♀, CNC), Midland, swamp woods, balsam poplar, 2.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480765 (1♀, CNC),  North Gower , 14.vii.1985, D. Bell, light trap, CNC480758 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 14.v.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480766 (1♀, CNC), swept from Sagittaria, 3.ix.1989, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480759 (1♂, CNC),  St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Par. , McDonald Is., 14.vii.1976, A. Carter, Code 4092-J, CNC480761 (1♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, Thwartway Is., 17.vii.1976, A. Carter, Code 4133-Y, CNC480762 (1♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is., Thwartway Is., 4.viii.1976, W. Reid, Code 4322-H, CNC480764 (1♀, CNC), Bells Corners, 5.vii.1973, F. Crombie and P. Nash, CNC480763 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Concord</a>
                 , 17.vii.1961, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Woods Hole, vii.1918, A.H. Sturtevant (1♂, USNM), MD: Lavale, 9.v.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Clarksburg</a>
                 , Little Bennett Reg. Park, 21.ix.1990, W.E. Steiner and M.J. and R. Molineaux (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Bethseda</a>
                 , 4.v.1969, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , 4mi SW of Ashton, 25.iv.1987, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), 28.iv.1985 (1♂, USNM), MI:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Isle Royale</a>
                 , 3-7.viii.1936, C. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Mitchell Co.</a>
                 , Roan Mtn., 1889 m, 13.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480755 (1♂, CNC), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Geneva</a>
                 , 28.v.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), OH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Columbiana Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Beaver Creek</a>
                 , 40°43.8'N, 80°36.5"W, 7.vii.1976, B.A. Steinly (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Stark Co.</a>
                 , Berlin Reservoir, 40°58.9'N, 81°06.0'W, 7.vii.1976, B.A. Steinly, sand shore, 200 net sweeps (1♂, USNM), VA: Big Meadows, 3.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), WV:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -81.1/lat 40.981667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-81.1&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=40.981667">Greenbrier Co.</a>
                 , Charmco, 6.ix.1982, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), Morgan Co., near Great Cacapon, 3.vii.1983, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), White Sulfur Springs, 16.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7FD9650C8F3D98F05DEFCC6851A280B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5A8B7DF87D73C8662CEB81D63DE25F07.text	5A8B7DF87D73C8662CEB81D63DE25F07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) Hendel	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) Hendel</p>
            <p> Dizygomyza Hendel, 1920: 130. Type species:  Agromyza morosa Meigen 1830, by original designation. Hendel 1931: 83. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Dizygomyza) . Frick 1952a: 383, 1959: 383. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) . Nowakowski 1962: 102, 1967: 638; Spencer 1969: 113; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 100. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza is a predominantly north temperate subgenus characterised most obviously by a large, broad semi-circular lunule extending laterally to the fronto-orbital plate, the bases of the antennae are clearly separated, and the male first flagellomere is usually considerably enlarged and clothed in long, dense whitish hairs. Species are also often predominantly greyish tomentose across the body, including the lunule, with variable yellow or yellowish markings. Differences in external and genitalic morphology between species can be very slight, making global or even Nearctic studies difficult, but the four Delmarva species can be readily identified. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5A8B7DF87D73C8662CEB81D63DE25F07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4C3E6D9D21EBC2F9BF113ED96F79E186.text	4C3E6D9D21EBC2F9BF113ED96F79E186.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) maclayi Spencer 1981	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) maclayi Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 519-524</p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) maclayi Spencer, 1981: 196. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 105. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 2.4-3.0 mm (♂), 2.8-3.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-1.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.9-8.5. Male first flagellomere much enlarged, broadly kidney-shaped to subcircular, and covered with long, whitish hairs that end before base; female first flagellomere ovate, not enlarged as in male, but with slightly longer hairs along anterior margin. Arista slightly thickened on basal 1/4. Eye prominent anteriorly above midpoint. Fronto-orbital plate not projecting except slightly in front of prominent anterior margin of eye; fronto-orbital plate widest medially, not exceeding  ¼ frons width. Lunule large, broadly semi-circular with lateral margin meeting fronto-orbital plate; slightly narrower in female. Posterior ocelli slightly displaced. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta slightly shorter, entirely absent in Glen Echo male); two ors. Orbital setulae erect to reclinate, in one sparse row. Postocellar and ocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Two or three (rarely four) stronger apical setae on palpus. Four dorsocentral setae, slightly decreasing in length anteriorly, with anterior seta as small as 2/3 length of posterior seta. Four to five scattered rows of acrostichal setulae not reaching level of posterior dorsocentral; posterior pair of setulae larger, almost seta-like.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Body dark brown with faint pruinosity that is moderately dense on notum and dorsally on pleuron. Frons slightly paler, inner margin of fronto-orbital plate narrowly yellowish; ocellar triangle (slightly larger than tubercle), face, clypeus, palpus and venter of gena darker; pedicel and remainder of gena slightly yellowish; centre of frons and gena with minute brown pits; lunule velvety and slightly iridescent. Notopleuron and postpronotum slightly paler brown with yellowish mottling. Calypter margin and hairs yellowish white. Wing veins yellowish basally. Halter yellow. Apex of fore femur light yellow for length equal to femur width; apices of mid and hind femora narrowly and faintly yellowish, darker on hind leg; base of fore tibia narrowly light yellow. Abdominal segments 1-5 light yellow, with faint, elongate medial spot on tergites 2-5, which becomes larger on successive tergites; tergite 1 sometimes with brownish dorsal infuscation; sometimes tergite 5 brownish to brown with centre darker, and specimens from USA with tergite 5 dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 519-524) Epandrium with pronounced, rounded process above anus. Surstylus fused to epandrium, directed inwards, with irregular row of long tubercle-like setae. Subepandrial sclerite with transverse dorsal band nearly divided medially with one pair of setae; ventral lobe dark, elongate, slightly curved and with minute outer-apical point. Phallophorus with thin left lateral extension, dorsally fused to mesophallus. Mesophallus extends along dorsal to right lateral surface where it produces narrow dark process distally that mirrors strong left sclerite of hypophallus; with irregular dorsomedial sclerite and thin, apically clavate left lateral sclerite. Left lateral sclerite of hypophallus dark, mostly straight with slight medial bend; with small, very faint to absent rod-like right lateral sclerite. Paraphallus directed ventrally, relatively dark and curved, appearing pointed when viewed laterally. Mesophallus dark, with complete ventral suture (largely indistinct), relatively short and stout with apical swelling 2/5 length of segment; stem strongly swollen medially, tapered at base and apex; apical bulb most heavily sclerotised along dorsum, ventrolaterally and along ventral suture. Distiphallus divided into one pair of tubules that are S-shaped in profile, as long as distance from apex of mesophallus to apex of phallophorus, and diverging on distal 1/2; basal curve nearly as long as distal curve, but shallower and with irregularly sclerotised base; distal curve semi-circular with apical segment that is paler and as long as wide. Ejaculatory apodeme with wide stem that is nearly symmetrical; blade paler to margin; sperm pump pale but base of duct lightly pigmented.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada. NB*, ON*. USA: CA, MA*, MD*, NC*, NY*, TN*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. CA: Mono Co., Leavitt Meadow, 11.vii.1961, A.T. McClay (1♂, UCD). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 12.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine,  Code - 6041I, CNC480799 (1♀, CNC), 6.vii.1977, Code - 6039G, CNC480793-480798 (4♂ 2♀, CNC), 9.vii.1977, Code - 6023Q, CNC480788-480792 (5♂, CNC), 13.vii.1977, Code - 6042J, CNC480800 (1♀, CNC), 26.vi.1977, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480787 (1♂, CNC), 30.vi.1977, Code - 5456V, CNC480801 (1♀, CNC), ON: Iroquois Falls, nearly bare damp sand, 30.vi.1987, J.R. Vockeroth, sweeping, CNC480786 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. MA:  Greenfield , 1.vi.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Boston, May, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), MD: Glen Echo, 26.v.1923, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM), NC: Gt Smokies N.P.,  Clingman’s Dome, 21.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), NY: Bear Mt., 31.v.1937, A.L. Melander (2♂, USNM), Smokies, Andrews Bald, 9.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (3♂, USNM), TN: Smokies, Chimneys, 21.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Gt Smokies N.P., Newfnd Ridge, 11.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM). Locality unknown. [illegible], 5.vii.1913, CNC480802 (1♂, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The pale abdominal segments readily diagnose  Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) maclayi in the Delmarva states, but similar species exist elsewhere that should be considered in broader studies, including potentially new species in western Canada and nearby states in the eastern USA. The records provided here greatly expand the known distribution of this species in the eastern USA and Canada. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3E6D9D21EBC2F9BF113ED96F79E186	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5038C8AF3FE6A7D4C92FD48DBBA9A18C.text	5038C8AF3FE6A7D4C92FD48DBBA9A18C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) magnicornis (Loew 1869)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) magnicornis (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 525-528</p>
            <p> Agromyza magnicornis Loew, 1869: 46. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Dizygomyza) magnicornis . Frick 1952: 396, 1959: 384. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) magnicornis . Nowakowski 1973: 222; Spencer 1969: 121 [as synonym of  Cerodontha morosa ]; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 283; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2019: 10. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.0-2.4 mm (♂), 2.3-2.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.1-1.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.5-6.2. Male first flagellomere much enlarged, circular or slightly higher than long, and covered with long, whitish hairs that end before base; female first flagellomere not enlarged as for male, but with anterodorsal margin sometimes slightly angled and with slightly longer whitish hairs anteromedially. Arista slightly thickened on basal 1/4-1/3. Eye large and rounded, projecting anteromedially. Fronto-orbital plate weakly visible laterally, widest medially, not more than 1/5 width of frons. Lunule large, broadly semi-circular with lateral margin meeting fronto-orbital plate; slightly narrower in female. Posterior ocelli slightly displaced.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta shorter, but rarely absent); two ors. Orbital setulae erect to reclinate, in one sparse row. Postocellar and ocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentral setae, slightly decreasing in length anteriorly with anterior seta as short as 2/3 length of posterior seta. Acrostichal seta present. Five irregular rows of acrostichal setulae. Apex of palpus with one or two slightly longer setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head brown with face and first flagellomere darker; ocellar triangle (slightly larger than tubercle), back of head, venter of gena and clypeus dark brown; male fronto-orbital plate and pedicel dark brown, female sometimes with pigment faded anteriorly on fronto-orbital plate and pedicel; lunule paler, dorsum beige. Gena and frons between triangle and fronto-orbital plates with minute brown pits. Thorax dark brown with greyish pruinosity strongest on notum and dorsally on pleuron; postpronotum and notopleuron light yellow to whitish yellow excluding dark narrow lateral spot on notopleuron and small to large anteromedial spot on postpronotum; supra-alar margin of scutum sometimes yellowish. Calypter margin and hairs yellowish white. Wing veins light brown to brown, becoming whitish on basal 1/3-1/2. Halter yellow. Legs dark brown with apices of femora distinctly light yellow for length equal to width of femur. Abdomen dark brown with pregenital tergites narrowly and faintly yellow laterally.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 525-528) Epandrium with very shallow dorsal process above anus. Surstylus fused to epandrium, turned inwards and expanding dorsally, with row of six to seven tubercle-like setae. Subepandrial sclerite with transverse dorsal rod that is medially broken and with one pair of setae; ventral lobe long, curved, narrow and with slight outer-distal point. Phallophorus produced along left lateral margin, dorsally fused to relatively broad dorsomedial section of basiphallus that extends along right lateral surface as flat downturned process mirroring left sclerite of hypophallus; left lateral process plate-like, slightly longer than wide, abutting dorsal sclerite on basal 1/2, dark along concave apical margin; basiphallus relatively short and compact. Hypophallus dominated by left lateral sclerite that is dark and rod-like medially with paler, broad, curved lateral extension; sometimes with small, dark right lateral sclerite. Paraphallus weak, lobate, with small, faint irregular sclerotised patch ventrally. Mesophallus dark, narrow, rod-like, with distal 1/3 abruptly swollen and with dorsal, ventrolateral, and ventromedial surfaces darker. Distiphallus entirely divided into two tubules, relatively short, as long as mesophallus; S-shaped, darker to base, with middle either perpendicular to long axis of phallus or slightly more angled (as in figure); tapering apically with minutely textured and sclerotised dorsolateral membrane; curves shallow, basal curve slightly shorter. Ejaculatory apodeme not observed.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Cyperaceae -  Carex . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: BC [unconfirmed record from Frick (1959)], MB*, NB*, NS*, ON*, QC*. USA: CO, CT*, DC, DE*, IA, IL, IN, MI, NC*, NH, NY*, OH, OK, PA, TN, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. PA:  “Penn.“ (1♂, MCZ). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. MB:  Aweme , 18.vii.1916, N. Criddle,  Teste Aldrich , CNC480810 (1♂, CNC), 28.viii.1917, CNC480803, CNC480806 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 30.viii.1917, CNC480815 (1♀, CNC), Ninette, Oak-Aspen community, 11.vi.1958, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480827 (1♂, CNC), Maple-Elm floodplain community, 12.vi.1958, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480828 (1♀, CNC), ex  Betula glandulosa , 15.vii.1958, CNC480826 (1♂, CNC), NB: Chamcook, 9.viii.1957, G.E. Shewell, CNC480824, CNC480825 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), NS:  Smith’s Cove, 6.viii.1925, A. Gibson, CNC480804 (1♂, CNC), ON:  Bell’s Cor., 16.vi.1954, D. Cobb, CNC480820 (1♂, CNC), Britannia, 17.vi.1938, G.E. Shewell, CNC480805 (1♂, CNC), Grand Bend, 15.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC480813 (1♀, CNC), Iroquois Falls, overgrown wet shrubby bog, 18.vi.1987, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480819 (1♂, CNC), Marmora, 25.viii.1952, C. Boyle, CNC480823 (1♂, CNC), Midland, 20.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480821 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 3.vi.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480822 (1♂, CNC), Simcoe, 9.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC480808, CNC480812 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  Smith’s Falls, 22.vi.1984, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480816 (1♀, CNC), Strathroy, 9.viii.1916, H.G. Crawford, CNC480809 (1♂, CNC), QC: Wakefield, 9.vii.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC480814 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. CO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Middle St.</a>
                 , Vrain Cr., 3mi SW Raymond, 2499 m, 11.viii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480811 (1♀, CNC), CT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Redding</a>
                 , 12.viii.1930, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), DE:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Gumboro</a>
                 , 2.viii.1952, C. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), IA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Ames</a>
                 , 10.vii.1947, A.R. Brooks, CNC480817, CNC480818 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), MI: Leelanau Co., 22.vi.1937, C. Sabrosky (4♂, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Macon Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">
Highlands 
Lake Revenel</a>
                 , 17.vi.1986, W.W. Wirth, Malaise trap (1♂, USNM), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Orleans Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Albion</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Burma Woods</a>
                 , 11.vi.1963, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), OH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Columbiana Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Beaver Creek</a>
                 S.P., 40°43.8'N, 80°36.5'W, 7.vii.1976, B.A. Steinly (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Champion Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Kiser Lake</a>
                 S.P., 41°22.9'N, 82°19.0'W, 22.ix.1976, B.A. Steinly (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Lorain Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Vermillion River</a>
                 , Mill Hollow C.P., 41°22.9'N, 82°19.0'W, 22.ix.1976, B.A. Steinly, grass shore, temporary pool, 200 net sweeps (2♂, USNM), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Erie Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Lake Erie</a>
                 , Presque Isle S.P., 42°08.3'N, 80°08.5'W, 6.v.1977, B.A. Steinly (1♂, USNM), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Knoxville</a>
                 , Univ. Farm, 20.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480807 (1♂, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Jefferson Nat. Forest</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Poverty Creek
Trail
</a>
                 , 15.v.1997, D.C. Caloren (1♂, DEBU),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Giles Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Mountain Lk. Biol. Stn.</a>
                 , trail to  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Bear Cliff</a>
                 , 23.v.1997, D.C. Caloren (1♂, DEBU), M. Lk. Biological Stn., 37°22'31"N, 80°31'18"W, Malaise trap, 13-26.v.2001, Sylvatica Pond, J. Knopp (1♂, DEBU), Big Meadows, 1.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5038C8AF3FE6A7D4C92FD48DBBA9A18C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
201DA6FC992A67689EB4D39DECAE0621.text	201DA6FC992A67689EB4D39DECAE0621.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) morosa (Meigen 1830)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) morosa (Meigen)</p>
            <p>Figs 105, 529-534</p>
            <p> Agromyza morosa Meigen, 1830: 170. Becker 1902: 338. </p>
            <p> Agromyza hyalipennis Meigen, 1838: 397. Schiner 1864: 306; Becker 1902: 338. Nowakowski 1973 [synonymy?]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza grossicornis Zetterstedt, 1860: 6456. Strobl 1893: 135, 1894: 141. Nowakowski 1973 [synonymy?]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza morosa . Hendel 1920: 132. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Dizygomyza) morosa . Hendel 1931: 90. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Dizygomyza) morosa . Frick 1959: 385. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Dizygomyza) morosa . Nowakowski 1967: 644; Spencer 1969: 121; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 102; Papp and  Černý 2016: 165; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 44; Eiseman et al. 2021: 22. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 105). Wing length 2.3-2.8 mm (♂), 2.4-2.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-1.4. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.4-11.8. Male first flagellomere much enlarged, circular or slightly higher than long, and covered with long, whitish hairs that end before base; female first flagellomere not enlarged as for male, but with slightly longer whitish hairs anteromedially. Arista slightly thickened on basal 1/4-1/3. Fronto-orbital plate weakly visible laterally, most prominent anteriorly, widest medially, not more than 1/5 width of frons. Lunule large, broadly semi-circular with lateral margin meeting fronto-orbital plate; slightly narrower in female. Posterior ocelli slightly displaced.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta slightly shorter to 2/3 length posterior ori); two ors. Orbital setulae erect to reclinate, in one sparse row. Postocellar and ocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbital setae, but fronto-orbitals sometimes reduced to 1/2 of normal length. Four dorsocentral setae varying in length, sometimes only slightly decreasing in length anteriorly, but anterior seta as small as 1/3 length posterior seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Antenna brown to dark brown with first flagellomere darker; pedicel and scape dark brown in female; frons brown to dirty yellowish brown with greyish pruinosity; fronto-orbital plate dark brown, but sometimes brown (not yellowish) with darker pigment reduced to posterolateral vestige; ocellar triangle dark brown, slightly larger than tubercle, confluent with dark brown margin along back of head; dark brown spot in posterolateral corner of frons reaching base of inner vertical seta; slightly paler triangular region bordering ocellar triangle; lunule smooth, velvety greyish; clypeus, venter of gena and face dark brown; gena and frons between triangle and fronto-orbital plates with minute brown pits. Thorax dark brown with notopleuron and postpronotum slightly paler brown with posterolateral corners sometimes yellowish to yellow; with greyish pruinosity that is strong on notum and dorsally on pleuron. Calypter margin and hairs yellowish white. Wing veins brown, yellowish white from base to basal cells. Halter yellow. Legs dark brown with apex of fore femur light yellow for length equal to width of femur; apices of mid and hind femora varying from slightly yellowish to broadly light yellow as seen on fore leg.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 529-534) Epandrium with strong process above anus that is constricted basally. Subepandrial sclerite with transverse dorsal bar that is broken medially and with one pair of setae; ventral lobe long, dark, relatively straight and with minute outer-apical point. Surstylus fused to epandrium, directed inwards, with double row of many long tubercle-like setae. Phallophorus dorsally fused to dorsomedial plate of mesophallus. Mesophallus medially split into curved, pointed arms, with right lateral arm elongate and mirroring left sclerite of hypophallus. Left sclerite of hypophallus dark, rod-like and with outer carina that can be pronounced or much reduced; right sclerite apparently absent. Paraphallus clear, lobate. Mesophallus and distiphallus narrow, elongate, and dark. Mesophallus with slight apical swelling. Distiphallus divided into one pair of subparallel S-shaped tubules; basal curve very small, shallow; apical curve longer than mesophallus, sometimes recurved apically (curve less pronounced in smaller specimens) and with middle slightly to more obviously flattened/straightened. Ejaculatory apodeme relatively dark, with stem expanding into broad blade that is slightly clearer marginally; base of sperm pump and base of duct pigmented.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Cyperaceae -  Carex . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: NB*, ON*, QC* [previous records considered magnicornis (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b)]. USA: CA, DE*, MA, MO, NC*, OH*, OK (tentatively identified females; Eiseman et al. 2021), PA*, TN*, VA*, WV*; records from IL, IN, MD, MI and SD (Frick 1959; Priest et al. 2020) require verification. Europe, Canary Islands, China, Japan, North Korea, Russia, India, Philippines (Papp and  Černý 2016). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [morosa]: Germany. [not given] (1♂, NMW). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza grossicornis ]: Sweden. Lappland, 13.viii.1855 (1♂, ZIL). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza hyalipennis ]: Germany. Stollberg, Sachsen, coll. Meigen (1♂, MNHN). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. NB: Kent Co., Sainte-Anne-de-Kent, 46°34'N, 64°47'W, 28-29.vii.2013, O. Lonsdale, CNC480850 (1♀, CNC), ON: Normandale, 42°42'N, 80°19'W, 22.v.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480868, CNC480869 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 24.v.1956, CNC480870 (1♀, CNC), 27.v.1956, CNC480867 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa,  Dow’s Swamp, 3.vi.1958, L. Smith, CNC480865 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 19.vi.1954, W.R.M. Mason, CNC480866 (1 ex, CNC), 19.vii.1954, CNC480858 (1♂, CNC), 26.vii.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480862 (1♂, CNC), 30.v.1958, CNC480864 (1♀, CNC), 31.v.1959, CNC480860 (1♂, CNC), 9.vi.1958, CNC480861, CNC480863 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 8.vii.1952, G.E. Shewell, CNC480859 (1♂, CNC), QC: Old Chelsea, summit of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.316666/lat 42.7)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.316666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.7">King Mt.</a>
                 , 350 m, 21.vi.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480857 (1♀, CNC), Old Chelsea, 11.viii.1959, C.H. Mann, CNC480855 (1♂, CNC), 13.ix.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480854 (1♂, CNC), 16.ix.1958, CNC480856 (1♀, CNC), sweeping,  Pedicularis canadensis L., 14.v.1987, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480851 (1♂, CNC), Perkins Mills, 25.viii.1949, G.E. Shewell, CNC480853 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. DE: New Castle Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Newark</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Rittenhouse</a>
                 , 6.ix.2003, K. Bennett, sweeping (1♀, UDCC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Berkshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Lenox</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Mahanna Cobble</a>
                 , 23.vi.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Carex gracillima em. 28.vi.2016, #CSE2644, CNC634778 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Berkshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Lenox</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Mahanna Cobble</a>
                 , 23.vi.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Carex hitchcockiana , em. 30.vi-4.vii.2016, #CSE2678, CNC654235, CNC654236 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Lavale</a>
                 , 9.v.1970, G. Steyskal (3♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Bethseda</a>
                 , 5.v.1968, L.V. Knutson (1♂, USNM), 9.iv.1968, G. Steyskal (5♂, USNM), 13.iv.1968, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Colesville</a>
                 , 11.vii.1974, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Grt. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Clingman's
Dome
</a>
                 , 6.viii.1957, C.J. Durden, CNC480830, CNC480844-480849 (5♂ 2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Highlands</a>
                 , 14.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480843 (1♀, CNC), OH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Hancock Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Rocky Ford River</a>
                 , 41°06.7'N, 83°45.6'W, 21.ix.1976, B.A. Steinly (1♂, USNM), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Allegheny Co.</a>
                 , nr. Clairton, 4.vii.1997, C.R. Bartlett, sweeping (1♀, UDCC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Chester Co.</a>
                 , Avondale, Stroud Water Rsch. Ctr., 15.ix.2000, A.L. Park, sweep net (2♀, UDCC), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Gr. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park</a>
                 , Collins Gap, 1737 m, 22.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480842 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Gr. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park</a>
                 , Indian Gap to  Clingman’s Dome, 1584-2011 m, 6.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480829, CNC480832-480840 (8♂ 2♀, CNC), 6.viii.1957, CNC480841 (1♂, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Giles Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Mountain Lake</a>
                 , 1158 m, sedge meadows, 31.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480852 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Great Smoky Mt.</a>
                 N.P., NC Tenn., Indian Gap, 1584 m, 23.v.1957, W.R.M. Mason, CNC480831 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Giles Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Mountain Lake Biol. Stn.</a>
                 , 37°22'31"N, 80°31'18"W, 24.v.2001, O. Lonsdale (1♀, DEBU),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Giles Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.52167/lat 37.375275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.52167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.375275">Mountain Lake</a>
                 , 7.ix.1976, G.C. Steyskal (2♂, USNM), Northampton Co., Kiptopeke, 4-6.x.1986, W.E. Steiner et al., Malaise trap, dunes between cliff and beach (1♂, USNM), Chain Bridge, 20.iv.1924, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM), WV: White Sulfur Springs, 16.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Tentatively identified material.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. OK: Payne Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Marena</a>
                 , 28.v.2016, em. 8-13.vi.2016, M.W. Palmer, ex  Carex festucacea , #CSE2568, CNC634779 (1♀, CNC), Mehan, 36.014339°N, 96.996744°W, 6.v.2016, em. 8.v.2016, M.W. Palmer, ex  Carex festucacea , #CSE2665, CNC634805 (1♀, CNC)  . 
            </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/201DA6FC992A67689EB4D39DECAE0621	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
9F22AF766E7EEF425E146905282D990B.text	9F22AF766E7EEF425E146905282D990B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Icteromyza) Hendel	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Icteromyza) Hendel</p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Icteromyza) Hendel, 1931: 51. Type species:  Agromyza geniculata Fallén 1823, by original designation. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Icteromyza) . Frick 1952a: 392, 1959: 385. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Icteromyza) . Nowakowski 1962: 102, 1967: 654, 1973: 30; Spencer 1969: 137; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 88; Zlobin 2000: 52, 2007d: 179; Boucher 2008: 557, 2012: 124. </p>
            <p> The  subgenus Icteromyza was most recently treated by Boucher, who first revised those species occurring in the north (Boucher 2008), and then treating the entire Nearctic fauna (Boucher 2012). These studies were preceded by Zlobin (2000, 2007d) and  Nowakowski’s (1962, 1967, 1973) Palaearctic treatments, and of course, Spencer and  Steyskal’s (1986b) treatment of the fauna of the USA. More than 30 species are known, including 12 in the Nearctic, of which only two occur in the Delmarva states:  C. longipennis (Loew) and  C. vockerothi Boucher. </p>
            <p> In this subgenus, the antennae are widely separated (but less so than in  Dizygomyza ), the lunule is large, semi-circular, and often bulging, the ocellar triangle extends far anteriorly towards the lunule, and the frons and distal regions of the legs are often yellow, at least in part. Larvae mine in  Cyperaceae , the anterior spiracles form long knob-like projections and the hind spiracles are displaced ventrally; puparia have a ventral curve posteriorly (Nowakowski 1973; Spencer and Steyakal 1986b; Zlobin 2000). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F22AF766E7EEF425E146905282D990B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
357B372B237386382D8B2BE85688B6B3.text	357B372B237386382D8B2BE85688B6B3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Icteromyza) longipennis (Loew 1869)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Icteromyza) longipennis (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 103, 535-538</p>
            <p> Agromyza longipennis Loew, 1869: 48. Melander 1913: 255; Malloch 1913: 296, 1934: 478. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Icteromyza) longipennis . Hendel 1931: 56 [as possible synonym of lineella Zetterstedt]. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Icteromyza) longipennis . Frick 1952a: 393, 1959: 386. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Icteromyza) longipennis . Spencer 1969: 140, 1990: 346; Sehgal 1971: 324; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 89; Boucher 2012: 139; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2019: 10. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 103). Wing length 1.6-2.6 mm (♂), 2.5-2.9 mm (rarely 1.9-2.2 mm) (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.0-1.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.6-7.7. Lunule semi-circular, slightly higher than wide. Fronto-orbital plate not defined. Ocellar triangle ill-defined, apparently ending at or before lunule.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta slightly reduced to absent, but usually 1/2-2/3 length); two ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae slightly longer than fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentral setae, slightly decreasing in length anteriorly, but sometimes two anterior setae both short. Acrostichal seta absent. Apparently six irregular rows of acrostichal setulae ending in front of level of posterior dorsocentral.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body subshiny with frons slightly velvety. Setae dark brown with paler shine. Antenna dirty orange to brownish, with pedicel browner and distal margin yellow, and male first flagellomere browner on basal 1/2 of inner surface and along dorsal margin; female first flagellomere dark brown to brown with orange tint that may predominate along base; frons light yellow, becoming whitish anteriorly on fronto-orbital plate; ocellar spot larger than tubercle, dark brown; posterolateral corner of frons dark brown to base of inner vertical seta or slightly beyond; dark brown posteriorly to base of posterior or anterior ors, with pigment often fading to absent in front of posterior ors; lunule light yellow; occiput, gena, parafacial and face yellowish white; mouthparts, including palpus yellow; clypeus brown with centre paler brown to yellow; back of head dark brown. Thorax dark brown with moderate greyish pruinosity. Calypter margin and hairs light yellow. Wing veins brown with base yellow. Halter yellow. Legs dark brown with tibiae and tarsi paler brown; distal 1/2 of coxae variably yellowish, at least apically on mid coxa; distal 35-50% of femora light yellow, but this sometimes reduced to 25% on mid and hind legs; tibiae narrowly yellow basally. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 535-538) Epandrium with process above anus well-developed. Surstylus fused to epandrium, with four to seven tubercle-like setae. Cercus large, prominent. Lobe of subepandrial sclerite dark, tapering apically. Hypandrium tapering to a point. Basiphallus with right lateral process emerging medially. Hypophallus narrow, rod-like. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus very narrow, elongate, cylindrical, constricted medially and with abruptly narrower, darker base; narrowed basal section of variable length, ranging from 1/4-1/3 length of segment. Distiphallus divided into one pair of very narrow tubules that become paler apically and are slightly flared at opening; broadly arched backwards, sometimes reaching midpoint of mesophallus. Ejaculatory apodeme with moderately large blade that becomes paler marginally; sperm pump with basal pigment. See Boucher (2012) for discussion of variation of northern and western specimens.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Cyperaceae -  Carex pseudocyperus L.  Juncaceae -  Juncus xiphioides E. Mey. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, NT, NS, ON, QC, SK. USA: AK, AR, CA, CT, FL, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MS, MT, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OK, OR, PA, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WA, WI, WV, WY.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC. "Loew coll.", Type No. 13436 (1♀, MCZ). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">Lethbridge</a>
                 , 5.vi.1929, J.H. Pepper, CNC480922 (1♂ CNC), McMurray, 6.viii.1963, G.E. Ball, CNC480978 (1♀, CNC), BC: Terrace, 10 mi N, 16.vii.1960, B. Heming, CNC481008 (1♀, CNC), MB: Aweme, 24.viii.1916, N. Criddle, CNC480933 (1♂ CNC), 27.viii.1917, CNC480905, CNC480934, CNC480982 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), 28.viii.1917, CNC480981 (1♀, CNC), 4.ix.1923, H.A. Robertson, CNC480935 (1♂ CNC), Treesbank, 18.x.1927, N. Criddle, CNC480979 (1♀, CNC), NB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">St. Andrews</a>
                 , 8.vii.1957, G.E. Shewell, CNC480977 (1♀, CNC), NT: Yellowknife,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">Kam Lake</a>
                 , 20.vi.1966, G.E. Shewell, CNC480908 (1♂ CNC), ON: Algonquin Provincial Park,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">
Whitefish 
Lake Group Campground</a>
                 , 45°33'47.01"N, 78°26'13"W, 414 m, 28.vi-2.vii.2008, J.andA. Skevington, Malaise trap, CNC339240 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, Stony Swamp, Beaver Trail, 45°18'0"N, 75°49'16"W, 13.vi.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC441040, CNC441081, CNC441097 (2♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">Sudbury Dist.</a>
                 , Killarney Provincial Park, Lake of the Woods Trail, 46°6'36"N, 81°11'48"W, 2.ix.2014, O. Lonsdale, CNC380796 (1♀, CNC),  Bell’s Cor., 21.ix.1951, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480880, CNC480912, CNC480971 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), Bells Corners, 28.vi.1971, H.J. Teskey, CNC480915 (1♂ CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">Constance Bay Rd.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">Harwood Plains</a>
                 , 19.vii.1967, G.E. Shewell, CNC480972, CNC480973 (2♀, CNC), Grand Bend, 15.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC480970 (1♀, CNC), Marmora, 12.viii.1952, J.F. McAlpine, CNC481014 (1♀, CNC), on weeds by water, 7.viii.1952, CNC481015 (1♀, CNC), Mattawa, 16.vi.1987, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480911 (1♂ CNC), Metcalfe, 30.vii.1983, B.E. Cooper, CNC480907 (1♂ CNC), Midland, 20.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480909 (1♂ CNC), 20.viii.1955, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480969 (1♀, CNC), Miners B., 26.v.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC480920, CNC480960-480962 (1♂ 3♀, CNC), Newtonville, 26.ix.1983, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481011 (1♀, CNC), Normandale, 42°42'N, 80°19'W, 2.vi.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480963, CNC480964 (2♀, CNC), Ottawa, Black Rapids, 28.vii.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481013 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 12.vi.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480872 (1♂ CNC), 14.v.1957, CNC480879, CNC480954 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 19.vi.1957, CNC480951 (1♀, CNC), 23.v.1957, CNC480953 (1♀, CNC), 26.v.1958, CNC480878, CNC480952 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 12.vii.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480950 (1♀, CNC), 2.vi.1958, CNC480946 (1♀, CNC), 3.vi.1958, CNC480873-480877, CNC480947-480949 (5♂ 3♀, CNC), 19.vii.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC480871 (1♂ CNC), Point Pelee, 9.ix.1954, W.R. Mason, CNC480966, CNC480967, CNC480968 (3♀, CNC), W.R.M. Mason, CNC480924, CNC480925 (2♂ CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">Port Severn</a>
                 , 3mi N, Black spruce bog, 18.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480910, CNC480917, CNC480965 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), Pr. Edward Co., Outlet Beach, 14.viii.1968, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480914 (1♂ CNC), Pt. Pelee Nat. Pk., 1.ix.1983, S. Marshall, C. Logan and S. Grigsby, dry Malaise, CNC480916 (1♂ CNC), Rockport, 12.v.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481012 (1♀, CNC), Rondeau Park, 7.ix.1954, W.R.M. Mason, CNC480926, CNC480927, CNC480928 (3♂ CNC), Simcoe, 13.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC480929 (1♂ CNC), 24.vi.1939, CNC480958 (1♀, CNC), 29.v.1939, CNC480930 (1♂ CNC), 30.v.1939, CNC480931, CNC480932 (2♂ CNC), 6.vi.1939, CNC480959 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">St. Williams</a>
                 , 42°40'N, 80°25'W, 23.v.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480919 (1♂ CNC), Thornhill, 30.v.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480881-480884, CNC480904, CNC480918, CNC480955-480957 (6♂ 3♀, CNC), QC: Gatineau Park, Lac Philippe, 45°36'N, 76°0'W, 23.v.2011, O. Lonsdale, CNC481032 (1♀, CNC), Beech Grove, 15.v.1961, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480975 (1♀, CNC), Beechgrove, 45°39'N, 76°8'W, 5.vii.1984, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480906, CNC481010 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Cap Rouge, 4.vii.1953, R. Lambert, CNC480974 (1♀, CNC), Wakefield, 9.vii.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC480921, CNC480976 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), SK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.13333/lat 45.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.65">Hudson Bay</a>
                 , 15.ix.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481009 (1♀, CNC), Waskesiu Lake, 12.vii.1939, A.R. Brooks, CNC480923 (1♂ CNC), Yorkton, 15.ix.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480980 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. IL: 5mi S Bath, 21.v.1953, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480890 (1♂ CNC), Champagne Co., 26.iv.1926, J. Savage, CNC480983 (1♀, CNC),  Champagne , 3.x.1956, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480985-480987 (3♀, CNC),  Champaigne , 2.x.1956, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480887 (1♂ CNC), nr.  Forest City ,  Mason St. Forest , 21.v.1953, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480984, CNC480888 (1♂ 1♀ CNC), KS:  Lawrence , Nat. Hist. Res., 28.iv.1956, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480886 (1♂ CNC), LA:  Alexandria , 11 mi SW,  Palmetto swamp, 26.iii.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480899-480903, CNC480988-480990 (5♂ 3♀, CNC), MN:  Crookston , river valley, 21.v.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481016 (1♀, CNC), NC:  Highlands , 1158 m, 23.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481006 (1♀, CNC), 27.viii.1957, CNC481007 (1♀, CNC), 10.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480940 (1♂ CNC), 16.vi.1957, CNC481001 (1♀, CNC), 5.v.1957, CNC480885, CNC480938, CNC480939, CNC481002-481005 (3♂ 4♀, CNC), 6.v.1957, CNC480891 (1♂ CNC), 1158 m, leaf mine in submerged  Carex in stream, 8.vii.1957, CNC480889-481000 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), PA:  Union Co. ,  Lewisburg , 26.viii.1981, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480936, CNC480937 (2♂ CNC), TN:  East Ridge , 9.iv.1952, G.S. Walley, CNC480945 (1♂ CNC), 9.v.1952, CNC480997, CNC480998 (2♀, CNC), TX: Big Bend N.P.,  Oak Springs , 1371 m, 1.v.1959, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480894 (1♂ CNC), Big Bend N.P.,  Oak Spring , 1.v.1959, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480895 (1♂ CNC),  Brazos Co. ,  College Station , 26.iii.1966, D.M. Wood, CNC480892, CNC480893, CNC480991 (2♂ 1♀, CNC),  Kerrville , cedar, 1.iv.1959, J.F. McAlpine, CNC480913, CNC480941-480944, CNC480992, CNC480993 (5♂ 2♀, CNC), VA:  Giles Co. ,  Mountain Lake , 1158 m, 26.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480995 (1♀, CNC),  Giles Co. ,  Stony Creek , 609 m, 26.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480994 (1♀, CNC),  Patrick Co. ,  Fairy Stone St. Pk. , 304 m, 30.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480896-480898, CNC480996 (3♂ 1♀, CNC)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/357B372B237386382D8B2BE85688B6B3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
15E84A7B1BB12D76859F3723DB8A90DC.text	15E84A7B1BB12D76859F3723DB8A90DC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Icteromyza) vockerothi Boucher 2012	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Icteromyza) vockerothi Boucher</p>
            <p>Figs 539, 540</p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Icteromyza) vockerothi Boucher, 2012: 145. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2 mm (♂), ~2.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.9-5.0. Frons slightly projecting anteriorly. Fronto-orbital plate ill-defined; ocellar triangle ill-defined, appearing to nearly reach lunule. Arista densely pubescent, narrow along length. First flagellomere small, circular. Lunule semi-circular, slightly higher than wide.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three thin ori (as long as ors or ~ 3/4 length, with anterior setae often shortest); two stout ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae slightly longer than fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly; second dorsocentral apparently shifted anteriorly. Four scattered rows of acrostichal setulae reaching level of third dorsocentral.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Body subshiny with frons micropubescent, almost velvety. Frons brown with faint orange tint, becoming darker posteriorly to vertex and laterally along fronto-orbital plate past ors, paler along fronto-orbital plate anteriorly; dark brown spot encompassing ocellar tubercle; lunule contrastingly light yellow; back of head, clypeus and palpus dark brown; lunule and face light yellow; dorsum of gena, parafacial and narrow region around base of scape orange with brown tint. Thorax dark brown. Calypter margin yellow, hairs light brown. Wing veins dark brown, becoming yellowish orange to base. Halter yellow. Legs dark brown with apices of femora light yellow for length equalling width of femur; bases of tibiae narrowly light yellow. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 539, 540) (from Boucher 2012: figs 83-86). Hypophallus appearing rod-like, apically split. Paraphallus simple, rod-like, small. Mesophallus subequal in length to distiphallus, narrow with slight basal swelling. Distiphallus split into one pair of narrow tubules that are divergent and curved upwards. Ejaculatory apodeme small with narrow blade.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Arlington, vi.1938, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Paratype: Canada. ON: Mer Bleue, 19.vii.1963, in marsh, J.R. Vockeroth (1♀, CNC).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/15E84A7B1BB12D76859F3723DB8A90DC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
3494D2D13AAE6E7AC8CBEF663C2D16C6.text	3494D2D13AAE6E7AC8CBEF663C2D16C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) Hendel	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) Hendel</p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (  Poëmyza ) Hendel, 1931: 35. Type species  Agromyza pygmaea Meigen 1830, by original designation. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza ). Frick 1952a: 391, 1959: 379. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) . Nowakowski, 1962: 102, 1967: 645, 1973: 73; Spencer 1969: 127; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 93. </p>
            <p> The lunule of  Poemyza is characterised as being relatively high and narrow, often being much higher than wide. This is exaggerated in many species where the fronto-orbital plate is produced over the  lunule’s wider base. Some species, such as  C. inconspicua (Malloch), however, have a shorter lunule similar to that of species in the  subgenus Butomomyza , but the texture of the lunule in  Poemyza species is pitted and bare (not flat and velvety) and the acrostichal seta is usually absent (not present). The buccal cavity between the arms of the clypeus is also densely covered with minute spicules, at least in Nearctic species, but this has not yet been confirmed for the global fauna. A similar lunule is seen in  Xenophytomyza , which has a pointed first flagellomere similar to some  Poemyza , but  Xenophytomyza differs in lacking lateral scutellar setae. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3494D2D13AAE6E7AC8CBEF663C2D16C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D0BF3A9A4B5EFF637DE5D13A1F06B316.text	D0BF3A9A4B5EFF637DE5D13A1F06B316.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) incisa (Meigen 1830)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) incisa (Meigen)</p>
            <p>Figs 102, 541-544</p>
            <p> Agromyza incisa Meigen, 1830: 182. </p>
            <p> Agromyza carbonella Zetterstedt, 1860: 6455. Hendel 1920 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza graminis Kaltenbach, 1874: 738. Hendel 1920 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza atra Meigen. Misidentification. Brischke 1881: 53. </p>
            <p> Agromyza luctuosa Meigen. Misidentification. Strobl 1893: 134; Melander 1913: 254. </p>
            <p> Agromyza angulata Loew. Misidentification. Malloch 1913: 304. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza incisa . Hendel, 1920: 135. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (  Poëmyza )  Dizygomyza incisa . Hendel, 1931: 38. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Phytobia incisa . Frick, 1952a: 392, 1959: 381. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) incisa . Nowakowski, 1962: 112, 1967: 651, 1973: 116; Spencer 1969: 128; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 95; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 12; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771; Papp and  Černý 2016: 221; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 44. </p>
            <p> Phytobia incisa . Kania, 1962: 66. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 102). Wing length 2.3-3.0 mm (♂), 2.6-3.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.7-2.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.8-10.7. First flagellomere ovate, slightly longer than high. Arista pubescent. Lunule as high as wide, with dorsum strongly tapering, narrow; minutely pitted. Fronto-orbital plate 1/4 width of frons along most of length, but widening anteriorly to cover base of lunule laterally, sometimes reaching 1/3 width of frons. Cheek evident anteriorly on gena.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors; slightly decreasing in length anteriorly, sometimes with additional ori on one side. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. One strong row of ocellar setulae. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus. Four dorsocentral setae decreasing in length anteriorly, with fourth dorsocentral ~ 1/3 length of first dorsocentral; third dorsocentral sometimes also 1/3 length of first dorsocentral, sometimes duplicated (i.e., five dorsocentral setae). Approximately six rows of scattered acrostichal setulae. Acrostichal seta uncommonly present.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head dark brown with gena paler brown (excluding ventral margin) and inner margin of ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate sometimes narrowly yellow; centre of frons outside ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate with dense blackish pits that are also present sparsely on gena centrally; buccal cavity inside clypeus with minute dark brown spicules. Remainder of body mostly dark brown with apex of fore femur light yellow for length not exceeding width of femur apex; apex of mid and hind femora with much narrower brownish to yellowish region; base of fore tibia sometimes narrowly light yellow to yellowish, and fore tibia and tarsus often paler brown, especially on tarsus and apex of tibia; wing veins light brown, becoming yellow to base; halter light yellow; calypter entirely white.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 541-544) Epandrium with shallow supra-anal process. Surstylus directed inwards, fused to epandrium, with scattered short stout setae. Ventral process of subepandrial sclerite short, with broad stout base and narrow apical portion with outer wrinkles. Basiphallus fused to anteroventral margin of phallophorus, developed on left surface of shaft and narrowly along dorsomedial surface where it extends to become a narrow right dorsolateral bar; left distal margin continuing as narrow process flanking paraphallus. Hypophallus flat, broad, M-shaped, with thick basomedial ridge. Paraphallus only present on left side, elongate and directed laterally with margin irregular and base fused to mesophallus. Mesophallus tubular with base slightly swollen and distal section dorsoventrally compressed to narrow point of fusion with distiphallus; apically with bulging bilobed base that partially overlaps stem. Distiphallus tubules question mark-shaped, fused to mesophallus, as long as mesophallus, with narrow sclerotised band along inner-basal surface and band along outer surface that meets small, sclerotised apical cup.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Agropyron ,  Agrostis ,  Alopecurus ,  Ammophila ,  Anthoxanthum ,  Avena ,  Briza ,  Bromus ,  Calamagrostis ,  Cinna ,  Coix ,  Dactylis ,  Deschampsia ,  Digitaria ,  Echinochloa ,  Elymus ,  Elytrigia ,  Festuca ;  Hierochloe ,  Holcus ,  Hordelymus ,  Hordeum ,  Leymus ,  Lolium ,  Melica ,  Milium ,  Molinia ,  Panicum ,  Pascopyrum ,  Phalaris ,  Phleum ,  Phragmites ,  Poa ,  Secale ,  Setaria ,  Trisetum ,  Triticum ,  Zea ,  Zizania (Frick 1959; Spencer 1969; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018; Ellis 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, NT, ON, QC, SK, YT. USA: AK, "widespread in the northern 1/2 of the united states" (Frick 1959), NC, WY. Europe, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Russia, China, Japan, Pakistan (Papp and  Černý 2016). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [incisa]: Germany [not given] (1♂, NMW). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza graminis ]: Germany [not given]. [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Agromyza carbonella ]: Sweden. Skane [= Scania]: Kungsmarken between Fagelsang [Fogelsang] and Lund; Ostergotland: Bockestad [= Bokestad]. [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> Canada. AB: Banff, Johnston Canyon, 1432 m, 18.vii.1962, K.C. Hermann, CNC481039 (1♂, CNC), BC: Bowser, 5.vi.1955, R. Coyles, CNC481143 (1♀, CNC), Miracle Beach nr. Oyster River, 11.vi.1955, J.R. McGillis, CNC481145 (1♀, CNC), Oliver, 20.vi.1953, J.R. McGillis, CNC481144 (1♀, CNC), Osoyoos, 2 km S, 12.v.1989, A. Borkent, CD1034, CNC481126 (1♀, CNC), Salmon Arm, 6 km E, 28.vii.1989, A. Borkent, CD1061, CNC481125 (1♀, CNC), Summit Lake, Mi 392 Alaska Hwy., 1280 m, 21.vii.1959, R.E. Leech, CNC481147, CNC481149, CNC481150 (3♀, CNC), 31.vii.1959, CNC481148 (1♀, CNC), 1524 m, 6.vii.1959, CNC481146 (1♀, CNC), 1371 m, 2-4.vii.1959, CNC481153 (1♂, CNC), 1280 m, 31.vii.1959, CNC481086, CNC481154 (2♂, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 23.v.1977, Hanley and Cooper, Code-5113Q, CNC481082 (1♂, CNC), NL: St.  John’s , Agric. Exp. Sta., 29.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC481142 (1♀, CNC), NT: Salmita Mines, 64°5'N, 111°15'W, 4.vii.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481122 (1♀, CNC), Yellowknife, 5.vi.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481121 (1♀, CNC), NS: CBHNt. Pk., French L., slope fen, 24-30.vi.1984, H.J. Teskey, PG633770, CNC481083 (1♂, CNC), Cranberry I., Lockeport, 9.viii.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481124 (1♀, CNC), ON: Belwood, 23.vi.1968, D.H. Pengelly (1♀, DEBU), Ancaster, 26.vi.1955, O. Peck, CNC481114 (1♀, CNC), Atikokan, 4mi E on Hwy. 11, 5.vii.1978, H.J. Teskey, CNC481111 (1♀, CNC), Chatham, 25.vii.1928, Baird, 18333A, CNC481113 (1♀, CNC), Marmora, 2.vii.1952, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481157 (1♂, CNC), Mer Bleue, 23.viii.2014, O. Lonsdale, CNC380695 (1♀, CNC), Milton, 7161 Appleby Line, 23°28'19"N, 79°54'40"W, 23-25.vii.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC461884 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 695 Malibu Tr., 45°22'16.29"N, 75°42'57"W, 19.vii.2019, O. Lonsdale, leaf mine  Triticeae em. 21.vii.2019, CNC1482941 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 20 mi NW, 17.v.1963, H. Rutz, CNC481081 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, C. E. Farm, Arboretum, 29.vii.1962, W.G. Dore, ex leaf mine in  Zizania aquatica L. CNC481056-481110, CNC481078, CNC481042 (3♂ 4♀, CNC), Ottawa, Can. Exp. Farm, W.G. Dore, leaf mine in  Zizania aquatica var. angustifolia em. 14.vii-18.viii.1962, CNC481043-481055, CNC481057-481075, CNC481077 (13♂ 20♀, CNC), Ottawa, 11.ix.1947, G.E. Shewell, CNC481106 (1♀, CNC), 14.v.1946, A.R. Brooks, CNC481076 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, marshy river shore, 2.ix.1984, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481137 (1♀, CNC), 26.viii.1984, CNC481155 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, damp, second growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 20.vi.2003, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481102 (1♀, CNC), 9.viii.1993, CNC481103 (1♀, CNC), 4.vii.2003, CNC481104 (1♀, CNC), 5.vii.1989, CNC481139 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 5.vi.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC481041 (1♂, CNC), 6.v.1987, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481105 (1♀, CNC), iv-vii.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481138 (1♀, CNC), Picton, 10.vii.1970, J.F. McAlpine, CNC481140 (1♀, CNC), Port Severn, 3mi N, Black spruce bog, 18.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481141 (1♀, CNC), Simcoe, 26.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC481087 (1♂, CNC), 29.vi.1939, CNC481112 (1♀, CNC), Simcoe, 22.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC481079 (1♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, McDonald Is., 12.vii.1976, W. Reid, Code 4174-N, CNC481101 (1♀, CNC), 22.viii.1976, Code 4492-V, CNC481100 (1♀, CNC), 5.viii.1976, A. Carter, Code 4334-T, CNC481099 (1♀, CNC), Thornhill, 30.v.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481080 (1♂, CNC), Wilno, ex  Pineus -infested white pine, 16.v.1960, J.F. McAlpine, CNC481156 (1♂, CNC), QC: Abbotsford, 2.vii.1936, G.E. Shewell, CNC481118 (1♀, CNC), 20.viii.1936, CNC481117 (1♀, CNC), Breckenridge, 14.vii.1959, C.H. Mann, CNC481133, CNC481134 (2♀, CNC), Farnham, 7.vii.1937, G.E. Shewell, CNC481084, CNC481119 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Hemmingford, 8.vii.1925, Hammond, leaf miner in Timothy, CNC481085, CNC481115 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 9.vii.1925, CNC481116 (1♀, CNC), Kingsmere, 26.v.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481136 (1♀, CNC), Old Chelsea, 16.v.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481135 (1♀, CNC), SK: 18 km S Maple Creek, by small clear stream, 49°44'31.93"N, 109°28'40.77"W, 10.vii.2005, J. R. Vockeroth, yellow pan trap, CNC287490 (1♂, CNC), Saskatoon, 9.v.1949, A.R. Brooks, CNC481123 (1♀, CNC), YT: North Fork Crossing, mi. 43, Peel Plt. Rd., 1066 m, 3.vii.1962, P.J. Skitsko, CNC481040 (1♂, CNC), Whitehorse, 24.viii.1959, R. Madge, CNC481120 (1♀, CNC). Germany. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Mecklenburg, Rostock 270, 10.viii.1932, H. Buhr,  Zea mays CNC481098 (1♂, CNC). Norway. Heia, S. Grong NT, 8.vii.1972,  Phalaris erundinacea em. 23.vii.1962,em. 23.vii.1972, CNC481093, CNC481092 (2♀, CNC). Spain. Granada, 700 m, 10.vii.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481094 (1♀, CNC), Veleta, Sierra Nevada, N. slope, 2800-3000 m, 20.vii.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481095 (1♀, CNC), 2300-2550 m, 22.vii.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481097 (1♀, CNC), 2200 m, 30.vii.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481096 (1♀, CNC). USA. AK: Anchorage, 27.vi.1959, R.S. Bigelow, CNC481130 (1♀, CNC), 29.vi.1959, CNC481129 (1♀, CNC), Big Delta, 18.vi.1951, W.R.M. Mason, CNC481088 (1♂, CNC), Umiat, 11.vii.1959, J.E.H. Martin, CNC481089 (1♂, CNC), 12.vii.1959, CNC481091 (1♂, CNC), 13.vii.1959, CNC481131, CNC481132 (2♀, CNC), 23.vii.1959, R. Madge, CNC481090 (1♂, CNC), CO: Boulder, 1828 m, 4.vi.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC481152 (1♀, CNC), DC: "Dist Columbia", 11.vi.1926, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), DE: New Castle Co., Port Penn, Port Penn Nature Trail, 7.ix.2006, sweeping, K. Styler (1♀, UDCC), IA: Howard Co., Hayden Prairie State Preserve, 15.vii.2015, em. 30.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex?  Phalaris , #CSE1910, CNC564724 (1♀, CNC), IN: LaFayette, 12.vii.1915, CNC481127 (1♀, CNC), MA: Franklin Co., Northfield, 263 Capt. Beers Plain Rd., 11.vii.2012, em. by 27.vii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Phalaris arundinacea , CNC358500 (1♀, CNC), 276 Old Wendell Rd., 2.viii.2014, em. 11.viii.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Phleum pratense , #CSE1302, CNC384827-384829 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), Plymouth Co., West Bridgewater, 41.991852, -71.033550, 7.viii.2013, em. 17.viii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Cinna arundinacea , #CSE816, CNC392642 (1♀, CNC), Bridgewater, 16.viii.2013, em. 18-29.viii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Cinna arundinacea , #CSE826, CNC384722-384724 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), Worcester Co., Phillipston, along Burnshirt River (42.52149046, -72.09219652), 4.vii.2017, em. 15.vii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Calamagrostis canadensis , #CSE3955, CNC939733 (1♂, CNC), MD: Montg. Co., Clarksburg, Little Bennett Reg. Park, 21.ix.1990, W.E. Steiner, M.J. and R. Molineaux (1♂, USNM), Prince Georges Co., Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 14.vii.1978, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co., Bethseda, 9.iv.1968, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Bethseda, 27.viii.1981, G.C. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Mg. Co., 4mi SW of Ashton, 25.iv.1987, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (2♀, USNM), 8.vi.1981, Malaise trap (1♀, USNM), Mg. Co., Camp Springs, 15.ix.1979, Malaise trap, G. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Montgomery Co., Forest Glen, 25.vi.1967, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Cab. John Br, 14.vi.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), NC: Macon Co., Highlands, Lake Ravenel, 15.vi.1986, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Cecil Co., Fair Hill, 771 Hill Top Rd, 22.vii.2003, Malaise trap, M. Spellman (1♀, UDCC), Highlands, Whitesides Cove, 853 m, 11.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481151 (1♀, CNC), NY: Columbia Co., Ghent, Wolfe wild meadow, 17.vii.2015, C. Vispo,  Phalaris arundinacea , em. 3.viii.2015, #CSE2172, CNC654350 (1♂, CNC), Payne Co., Mehan, 36.014339°N, - 96.996744°W, 2.vi.2017, em. 21.vi.2017, M.W. Palmer, ex  Elymus canadensis , #CSE3935, CNC939907 (1♀, CNC), TN: East Ridge, 9.v.1952, G.S. Walley, CNC481128 (1♀, CNC), WV: Hardy Co., Lost R. St. Pk., 11.vii.1974, G.C. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Morgan Co., near Great Cacapon, 3.vii.1983, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), WY: Battle L. Road, Sierra Madre Range, 2590 m, seepage area, 18.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481038 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Tentatively identified material.</p>
            <p>  USA. MA: Nantucket Co.,  Nantucket , Squam Swamp, 27.vii.2017, em. by 22.viii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Juncus tenuis , #CSE4157, CNC939650 (1♀, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Cerodontha incisa is a distinct species externally, being relatively large and dark with an entirely white calypter, but the male genitalia reveal a close relationship with  C. pygmaea and  C. superciliosa , both of which are also quite easily diagnosed externally (see key). All three species have an M-shaped hypophallus with a medial carina, the left paraphallus is present and well-developed (the right paraphallus is also present but smaller in  C. superciliosa ), a mesophallus that is bulging basally and compressed distally before it extends into an apical chamber that bulges to extend over the stem. Furthermore, the tubules of the distiphallus are clear with sclerotisation limited to a small apical cup and one pair of lateral bands, the inner of which only extends to the medial curve. The left distal margin of the basiphallus is also extended past the mesophallus, but this is slightly reduced in  C. pygmaea , and bifid in  C. superciliosa . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0BF3A9A4B5EFF637DE5D13A1F06B316	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
1A8682ECB985D803242560552A3F999A.text	1A8682ECB985D803242560552A3F999A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) kennethi Zlobin 1997	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) kennethi Zlobin</p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) kennethi Zlobin, 1997: 89. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (  Poemyza ) kennethsi. Lapsus. Zlobin 1997: 89 [figure caption]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.7 mm (♂), 1.7-2.1 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-1.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.8-8.7.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy and colour as described for C. (P.) muscina, except as follows: anterior ori reduced to absent; dorsocentral setae strongly decreasing in length anteriorly with fourth dorsocentral barely evident; fronto-orbital plate always at least partially brown anterior to anterior ors; cheek sometimes dark brown; apex of fore coxa yellow; basal 1/5-1/4 of femora brown with pigment on fore femur more reduced; tibiae and tarsi light brown with fore leg palest, and apical segments on mid and hind tarsi darker with apical segment sometimes brown. Paratypes with only extreme base of femora brown and notopleuron with distinct, large irregular light yellow spot.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: Not examined. Illustrated in Zlobin (1997: figs 7-9).</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: MD*, NC*, PA, TX, VA*, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. ON: Renfrew Co., 15 km S Palmer Rapids, 27.vii.1986, R. Danielsson (1♂, ZIL). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>USA. TX: Kerrville, 21.iv.1959, J.F. McAlpine, CNC48115, CNC481160 (2♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MD: P.G. Co., Camp Springs, 15.vii.1979, Malaise trap, G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), NC: Highlands, 16.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC481161 (1♀, CNC), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 2.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), WV: Hardy Co.,  Lost River St. Park , 10.vii.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> This species is highly similar in appearance to the relatively abundant  Cerodontha muscina , but can be differentiated by having the fore femur yellow for at least the distal 3/4 of its length, not the distal 1/2 or less. Newly examined material greatly expands the known distribution of this species in the northeastern United States. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A8682ECB985D803242560552A3F999A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
315BB2B184EE33A3D20624ADF1F74C85.text	315BB2B184EE33A3D20624ADF1F74C85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) muscina (Meigen 1830)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) muscina (Meigen)</p>
            <p>Figs 101, 545-549</p>
            <p> Agromyza muscina Meigen, 1830: 177. </p>
            <p> Agromyza marginata Loew, 1869: 49. Frick 1957 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza vittata Meigen. Misidentification. Strobl 1880: 37. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (  Poëmyza )  Dizygomyza muscina . Hendel, 1931: 44. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Phytobia muscina . Frick,1952a: 392, 1957: 202, 1959: 382. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Agromyza marginata . Shewell, 1953: 468. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) muscina . Nowakowski, 1967: 649, 1973: 104 [lectotype designation]; Spencer 1969: 132; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 93; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 12; Scheffer et al. 2007: 771; Papp and  Černý 2016: 235;  Černý et al. 2020: 204. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha muscina . Boucher, 2001: 614. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 101). Wing length 1.7-2.5 mm (♂), 1.4-2.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-1.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.4-7.3. First flagellomere short, ovate. Arista pubescent. Lunule appearing as high or higher than wide when fronto-orbital plates cover base laterally; surface minutely pitted. Fronto-orbital plate ~ 1/4 frons width, smooth, well-sclerotised, contrasting soft, often buckled medial section of frons.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes additional ori present on one side); two ors; slightly decreasing in length anteriorly overall, even if one seta sometimes slightly longer or shorter; sometimes with only anterior ori shorter. One sparse, irregular row of orbital setulae. Four dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly with fourth dorsocentral more abruptly shortened, being ~ 1/3-1/2 length of first dorsocentral. Approximately six irregular rows of acrostichal setulae. Acrostichal seta absent. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Antenna brown with first flagellomere dark brown and pedicel yellowish, but sometimes entirely dark brown; fronto-orbital plate light yellow to yellow, with variable light brown to brown pigment that is darker anteriorly; fronto-orbital plate sometimes appearing entirely yellow, but minute brownish spots always present at base of setae and setulae medially and anteriorly; frons with minute dark brown markings between fronto-orbital plates that are denser and darker anteriorly; ocellar spot dark brown, slightly larger than tubercle, enclosed within larger, smooth yellow triangle; back of head, posterolateral corner of frons to base of inner vertical, clypeus and mentum dark brown; gena yellow to brown with cheek light brown, ventral margin dark brown, and minute, sparsely arranged medial pits below cheek dark brown; parafacial dirty yellow; lunule, face and palpus brown to dark brown; buccal cavity within clypeus covered with dense dark brown spicules. Remainder of body dark brown, subshiny, with postpronotum and notopleuron slightly paler; distal 1/3-1/2 of femora yellow, fore femur always more extensively yellow with yellow region uncommonly extending below midpoint; tibiae and tarsi slightly paler with fore leg palest; some specimens from the north uncommonly darker with fore femur only yellow on distal 1/3 and mid and hind femora yellow for length slightly exceeding width of femur apex; abdomen sometimes yellowish laterally on tergites 1-3. Wing veins brown to light brown, whitish to yellow at base. Halter light yellow. Calypter margin light brown to whitish (uncommonly darker), and hairs brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 545-549) Epandrium with or without supra-anal process; shorter dorsally, fused to surstylus. Surstylus directed inwards with scattered stout, short setae. Ventral process of subepandrial sclerite with broad, stout base and highly reduced, rounded distal section. Phallophorus fused ventrally to basiphallus. Basiphallus sclerotised along left surface of shaft, and partially along venter; produced anterodorsally as short, flat process. Hypophallus divided into one pair of broad, flat, distally narrowed plates. Mesophallus and distiphallus with very distinct torsion to right and slight asymmetry. Mesophallus with slightly widened, uneven base; length of stem ~ 2  × width; apical chamber globular. Distiphallus tubules relatively short, strongly twisted to right, dark and with narrow, slightly differentiated cups. Sperm pump with faint basal sclerotised patch; ejaculatory apodeme with short base expanding into narrow base of blade, which is distally expanded with margin dark. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Agropyron ,  Bromus ,  Dactylis ,  Echinochloa ,  Elytrigia ,  Ehrharta ,  Festuca ,  Hierochloe ,  Holcus ,  Hordeum ,  Lolium ,  Milium ,  Poa (Ellis 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, BC, MB, NB*, NL, NS, NT, NU, ON, QC, SK*, YT. USA: AK, CA, CT*, DC, DE*, GA, ID, IL, IN, MA, MD, MI, MN, NC, NH*, NY, OR, PA, TN, VA*, WA, WV*. Europe, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, South Korea (  Černý et al. 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype [muscina]: Germany. [not given] (1♀, NMW). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza marginata ]: USA. "Loew coll.,  Agromyza marginata m." (1♂, MCZ; type no. 13,438). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  363♂ 299♀ (CNC, UDCC, USNM). New provincial/state records: Canada. NB: Chamcook, 16.viii.1957, G.E. Shewell, CNC481036 (1♀, CNC), Kouchibouguac N.P., 21.v.1977, B.E. Cooper, Code-5107K, CNC481033 (1♂, CNC),  St. Andrews , 8.viii.1957, G.E. Shewell, CNC481035 (1♀, CNC), SK: Saskatoon, 9.ix.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481034 (1♀, CNC). USA. CT: Redding, 8.vi.1928, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), DE: Rehoboth, 18.vii.1976, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (3♀, USNM), New Castle Co.,  Newark ,  White Clay Creek , 11.vi.2001, sweeping, C.R. Bartlett (1♀, UDCC), NH:  Mt. Madison , Dolly Copp Cmpgrd., 8-9.vii.1986, J.M. and S.H. Cumming, CNC481037 (1♀, CNC), VA:  Arlington , vi.1938, J.R. Malloch (2♀, USNM),  Falls Church ,  Holmes Run , 17.vii.1960, light trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), 1.vii.1961 (1♀, USNM), 27.vii.1968 (1♂, USNM),  Grayson Co. , 15 km S Galax at  Chestnut Creek , 28.vi.1986, W.E. Steiner (1♂, USNM),  Giles Co. ,  Mountain Lake , 7.ix.1976, G.C. Steyskal (2♂, USNM), WV:  Great Cacapon to  Largent , 2-3.vii.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM),  Morgan Co. , near Great Cacapon, 3.vii.1983, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Cerodontha muscina is a relatively abundant species in North America with a characteristic twisted distiphallus. External structure and colouration are also relatively distinct, although it can be easily confused for the slightly paler and much less common  C. kennethi . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/315BB2B184EE33A3D20624ADF1F74C85	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4B4CC527E948C8DBF2AB46E81B210B5B.text	4B4CC527E948C8DBF2AB46E81B210B5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) pygmaea (Meigen 1830)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) pygmaea (Meigen)</p>
            <p>Figs 550-554</p>
            <p> Agromyza pygmaea Meigen, 1830: 183. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza pygmaea . Hendel, 1920: 135. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Poemyza) pygmella Hendel, 1931: 48. Spencer 1969 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Poemyza) verrucosa Hendel, 1931: 51. Nowakowski 1973 [synonymy?]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Poemyza) pygmaea . Hendel, 1931-1936: 46. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Poemyza) pygmaea . Hennig, 1953: 138. </p>
            <p> Phytobia pygmaea . Kubska, 1961: 34. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) pygmaea . Nowakowski, 1962: 112, 1967: 651, 1973: 127; Spencer 1969: 133; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 279; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 12; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Poemyza) verrucosa . Rohdendorf, 1970: 251. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 2.1-2.5 mm (♂), 2.4-3.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.9-2.2 (2.4-3.2 in European specimens). Eye height divided by gena height: 6.0-8.3. Arista short pubescent. First flagellomere ovate, length equal to or slightly greater than height. Ring around eye narrow but strong. Lunule narrow, up to 1/2 length of frons, minutely pitted. Frons slightly wider compared to other  Poemyza , resulting in fronto-orbital plate being less than 1/4 width of frons. Anterior region of fronto-orbital plate slightly expanded, covering lateral base of lunule; inner margin clearly delimited, but not as strongly sclerotised or raised, as in other  Poemyza . </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors; relatively stout. Ocellar and postocellar setae slightly shorter and thinner than fronto-orbitals. Orbital setulae in single row. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus. Four dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly with fourth seta 1/3-2/5 length first seta. Acrostichal setulae in six scattered to irregular rows. Acrostichal seta relatively strong to slightly developed, not much larger than surrounding setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head dark brown, with back of head, ventral margin of gena, face, clypeus and palpus darker; ocellar spot darker, relatively small; centre of frons with dense, deep minute pits; gena often slightly paler; space between clypeus with minute dark brown spicules. Body dark brown, subshiny, with moderate greyish brown pruinosity; postpronotum and notopleuron slightly paler; apex of fore femur and base of fore tibia light yellow for length equal to width of femur apex; apex of mid and hind femora faintly and narrowly yellowish, or entirely dark brown. Wing veins brown, only yellow at very base. Halter light yellow. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown.</p>
            <p>Variation: Delmarva specimens with highly reduced pruinosity on body, appearing shinier; acrostichal setae absent. English specimens with apex of mid femur nearly as pale as fore femur.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 550-554) Epandrium with supra-anal process; anteroventral margin weakly sclerotised; fused to surstylus. Surstylus small, directed inwards, with short thin setae. Ventral process of subepandrial sclerite with broad, stout base and short apical section with irregular outer margin. Basiphallus ventrally fused to phallophorus; sclerotised along ventral and left lateral surfaces with anterodorsal process extending along right distal surface. Hypophallus broad and flat, becoming thinner and paler apically; M-shaped with slight basomedial carina and other lesser striations. Left paraphallus present, directed laterally, meeting base of mesophallus. Mesophallus stem swollen subbasally in ventral view, much more so in lateral view, and dorsoventally compressed to narrow distal point of fusion with apical chamber; apical chamber with broad, bilobed base that broadly overlaps stem. Distiphallus tubules elongate, question mark-shaped, clear, with narrow sclerotised band on inner surface on basal 1/2, and complete narrow outer band reaching small apical cup. Ejaculatory apodeme with small, narrow blade.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Agropyron ,  Agrostis ,  Ammophila ,  Apera ,  Arrhenatherum ,  Avena ,  Avenula ,  Brachypodium ,  Bromus ,  Calamagrostis ,  Dactylis ,  Deschampsia ,  Drymochloa ,  Elymus ,  Festuca ,  Glyceria ,  Holcus ,  Hordeum ,  Lolium ,  Melica ,  Milium ,  Molinia ,  Phalaris ,  Phleum ,  Phragmites ,  Poa ,  Secale ,  Setaria ,  Triticum (Ellis 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: BC*, NL, ON, QC. USA: AK, DE*, MD*, NY, TN*, WV*. Europe. Russia.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [pygmaea]: Germany [not given]. [Lost].</p>
            <p>Holotype [verrucosa]: Finland. Birkkala (1♂ UZMH). [Not examined].</p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Dizygomyza pygmella ]: Russia. Far East: Kamtschatka. Ozernaja, coll. Wuorentaus (2♂ 2♀ UZMH). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> Austria.  Oberösterreich : Linz, 16.vii.1962, Hering, mine an  Dactylis glomerata Nr. 6804, CNC481163 (1♀, CNC). Canada. BC: Terrace, 50 mi SW, around and on wet cliff face, 9.vii.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481213 (1♀, CNC), NL: St.  John’s , Agric. Exp. Sta., 12.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, Malaise trap, CNC481218, CNC481219 (2♀, CNC), 9.viii.1967, CNC481216, CNC481217 (2♀, CNC), St.  John’s , Agric. Exp. Sta., on  Ranunculus , 18.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC481214, CNC481215 (2♀, CNC), Stevenville, 19.vi.1979, B.V. Peterson, CNC481220 (1♀, CNC), ON: Dundas, 27.v.1955, O. Peck, CNC481209 (1♀, CNC), Normandale, 29.v.1956, J.R. Lonsway, CNC481185 (1♂, CNC), Point Pelee, 7.vii.1980, D.L. Krailo, CNC481210 (1♀, CNC), Pt. Pelee, 7.vii.1980, S. Beierl, CNC481211 (1♀, CNC), Simcoe, 2.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC481167 (1♂, CNC), QC: Fort Chimo, on  Solidago , 2.vii.1954, J.G. McAlpine, CNC481208 (1♀, CNC). USA. AK: Anchorage, 15.vi.1953, R.S. Bigelow, CNC481189, CNC481190 (2♀, CNC), 18.vii.1953, CNC481171 (1♂, CNC), 26.vi.1951, CNC481168 (1♂, CNC), 27.vi.1951, CNC481186, CNC481188 (2♀, CNC), 27.vi.1953, CNC481169 (1♂, CNC), 29.vi.1951, CNC481187 (1♀, CNC), 29.vi.1953, CNC481170 (1♂, CNC), Chowiet Island (Aleutian), 56°2'5.82"N, 156°44'25.14"W, prairie meadow, 10.vii.2009, Goulet and Boudreault, sweeping, CNC340749 (1♂, CNC), Cold Bay, on tundra, 21.viii.1952, W.R. Mason, 163°W, CNC481173 (1♂, CNC), King Salmon, Naknek, 11.vii.1952, W.R. Mason, CNC481198 (1♀, CNC), 6.vii.1952, CNC481184, CNC481199 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 4.vii.1952, CNC481200 (1♀, CNC), 3.viii.1952, CNC481182, CNC481183 (2♂, CNC), 13.vii.1952, J.B. Hartley, CNC481205 (1♀, CNC), 13.viii.1952, CNC481207 (1♀, CNC), 3.vii.1952, CNC481201-481203 (3♀, CNC), 4.vii.1952, CNC481204 (1♀, CNC), 4.viii.1952, CNC481181 (1♂, CNC), 5.viii.1952, CNC481180 (1♂, CNC), 8.viii.1952, CNC481206 (1♀, CNC), Naknek, on tundra, 2.viii.1952, W.R. Mason, CNC481179 (1♂, CNC), 21.vii.1952, CNC481174 (1♂, CNC), CNC481172-481196 (1♂ 4♀, CNC), 8.viii.1952, CNC481178 (1♂, CNC), 9.viii.1952, CNC481176 (1♂, CNC), 3.vii.1952, J.B. Hartley, CNC481175, CNC481177, CNC481197 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), Unalakleet, 18.vii.1961, R. Madge, CNC481191 (1♀, CNC), 24.vii.1961, CNC481192 (1♀, CNC), DE: Rehoboth, 18.vii.1976, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), MD: Colesville, 28.v.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), 4.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), 14.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), TN: Gr. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park, Indian Gap, 1554 m, 24.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481212 (1♀, CNC), WV: Morgan Co., near Great Cacapon, 3.vii.1983, G.F. and G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM). England. Chippenham Fen., Cambs., 5.vii.1958, [K.A. Spencer],  Brachypodium Syl. em. 19.vii.1958, CNC481166 (1♀, CNC), Hering, mine an Brachypod. silvaticum em. 27.vii.1958, 6315, CNC481162 (1♂, CNC), Marlow, Buck., 11.vii.1954, [K.A. Spencer],  Gramineae [em.] 26.vii.1954, CNC481164 (2♂ / ♀, CNC), Scratch Wood, Mddx., [K.A. Spencer], em. 20.vii.1956, CNC481165 (1♀, CNC). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B4CC527E948C8DBF2AB46E81B210B5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D657E093BFEC0E5F06F1119EA81BC9CD.text	D657E093BFEC0E5F06F1119EA81BC9CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) pygminoides Spencer 1981	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) pygminoides Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 555-558</p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) pygminoides Spencer, 1981: 183. Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 279. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 1.8-2.2 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.5-1.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 7.1-8.9. Arista short pubescent. First flagellomere small, ovate, slightly longer than high. Fronto-orbital plate  ¼ frons width. Lunule minutely pitted, appearing as high as wide or slightly higher if lateral base concealed by fronto-orbital plate. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Orbital setulae in one row. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentral setae, strongly decreasing in length anteriorly, with fourth seta almost setula-like and sometimes apparently absent. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head mostly brown to dark brown; if head paler, first flagellomere, anterior region of frons, face, back of head, ventral margin of gena, clypeus and palpus always darker, fronto-orbital plate, ocellar triangle, gena and pedicel light brown, and ocellar tubercle brown; if darker than surrounding frons, pigment on ocellar tubercle ill-defined and often faded (not dark and sharply delimited); soft central region of frons heavily pitted with dark brown to orange spots, always dark brown anteriorly, brownish yellow to dark brown posteriorly; pedicel sometimes yellowish apically. Body dark brown with postpronotum and notopleuron slightly paler and apices of femora light yellow for length equal to width of femur apex; wing veins light brown to yellowish, light yellow to base; halter light yellow; calypter white.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 555-558) Epandrium with small supra-anal process; fused to surstylus. Anterior portion of surstylus small, rounded, directed inwards but with longer anteroventral section; with small setae. Ventral process of subepandrial sclerites with arm as long as stout base, smooth, and with shallow outer subapical point. Basiphallus fused to venter of phallophorus; sclerotised along ventral surface of shaft, with broad, bifid apical section flanking base of mesophallus; left distal margin extended as long process. Hypophallus weakly sclerotised along surface of membranous fold and with right lateral carina; ventrally continuous with basiphallus. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus fused to distiphallus, stem ~ 6  × longer than wide; apical chamber small, bilobate, slightly overlapping stem. Distiphallus tubule lightly sclerotised, gradually widening to broad apical cup with inner marginal row of bumps; with broad, shallow medial curve that ends very close to base. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CA, CO, MD*, VA*, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. CA: Inyo Co., 2mi N of Cartago, 15.vii.1953, E.I. Schlinger (1♂, UCD). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. CO:  Boulder , Flagstaff Cn., 1767 m, on side of stream, 10.vi.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC481158 (1♂, CNC), MD: Seaside, 23.vi.1931, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), VA: Chain Bridge, 23.iv.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM), WV: Bluefield, 17.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (2♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p>The distiphallus of the eastern material examined here (Maryland male illustrated) deviates slightly from that of the holotype, being more sinuate with the apex angled ventrally, not with a relatively elongate, straight middle section and a distally pointing apex. The male from Colorado identified by Spencer illustrates an intermediate shape, suggesting that there is a continuum of morphology, although this variation should be re-examined following the collection of more material.</p>
            <p> What is most noticeable in the re-evaluation of this species is that the previous key character used for identification in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) does not work for specimens aside from the holotype. The length of ultimate section of vein M4 was described as being ~ 2  × length of the penultimate section in the holotype, but it is actually 1.73 in the holotype and 1.5-1.6 in the remaining specimens. While smaller than the ratio seen in the similar  Cerodontha (Poemyza) attenuata Spencer, it is closer to that seen in  C. (P.) inconspicua (California, Colorado, North Carolina, Utah), which mostly differs in being more matt on the thorax and having the dark, triangular spot around the ocelli very dark and clearly defined. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D657E093BFEC0E5F06F1119EA81BC9CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
CB8706B104E91302C80E446B0BB4CD02.text	CB8706B104E91302C80E446B0BB4CD02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) superciliosa (Zetterstedt 1860)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) superciliosa (Zetterstedt)</p>
            <p>Figs 559-563</p>
            <p> Agromyza superciliosa Zetterstedt, 1860: 6455. Frick 1959: 381 [as synonym of  Agromyza lateralis Macquart, followed by Spencer (1969)]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza coquilletti Malloch, 1913: 295. Shewell 1953: 466. Nowakowski 1973 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza ) lateralis (Macquart). Misidentification. Frick 1959: 381. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (  Poëmyza )  Dizygomyza lateralis . Hendel 1931: 20. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (  Poëmyza )  Agromyza coquilletti . Frick 1952: 392. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) superciliosa . Nowakowski 1967: 650 [lectotype design.], 1973: 112; Sehgal 1971: 323; Spencer 1971: 319, 1981: 183; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 93; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 12; Papp and  Černý 2016: 254. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.3-2.8 mm (♂), 2.5-3.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.9-1.2. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.3-5.0. Lunule higher than wide, smooth with broad, shallow pits, relatively well-sclerotised and sharply bent medially to follow curve of frons; with comparatively smooth, level interface with soft portion of frons.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors; length equal or decreasing anteriorly, or only with posterior seta long; often relatively short and straight, at least for ori, with length not exceeding width of soft portion of frons. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Frons light yellow to brownish with minute brown spots at base of fronto-orbitals and setulae; soft central region of frons with rows of dark pits that predominate towards lunule; back of head, first flagellomere, ocellar spot (larger than tubercle), clypeus, ventral margin of gena and palpus dark brown; postocellars on yellowish region; face mottled yellow, light brown and brown; pedicel, scape and ring around eye excluding venter of cheek brown; lunule brownish around base of antennae; lateral region of fronto-orbital plate narrowly brownish to orange with margin along eye sometimes brown, fading inwards to base of fronto-orbitals; central pitted region of gena light brown. Body dark brown with moderate greyish brown pruinosity; postpronotum light yellow with large anteromedial dark brown spot; notopleuron light yellow with small, lateral brown stripe; apex of fore femur light yellow for distance slightly more or less than width of femur apex; base of fore tibia light yellow; dorsal transverse carina on epandrium paler brown or yellowish. Halter light yellow. Calypter white.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 559-563) Epandrium very flattened dorsally, further emphasizing large, unusual supra-anal process, which is thick, flat, shelf-like and nearly as wide as epandrium. Surstylus rounded, small, and with additional broad, flat inwardly (and slightly ventrally) directed lobe; cluster of tubercle-like setae on surstylus proper and inner lobe. Basiphallus ventrally fused to phallophorus; sclerotised along left lateral surface, dividing into one pair of bands on distal 1/2, one of which extends to left distal margin and again bifurcates, and one of which wraps around dorsum to right distal margin. Hypophallus with one pair of long plate-like sclerites that fade distally and are irregularly fused via ridges medially. Paraphalli directed laterally at base, then sharply angled towards venter at midpoint; right sclerite reduced. Mesophallus stem swollen at base (bulge exaggerated in lateral view) and distal 2/3 dorsoventrally compressed; with basal process in front of duct insertion and with small shallow bump ventromedially; apical chamber swollen, bilobed, mostly produced below stem. Distiphallus tubules S-shaped with basal curve smaller and not straightened at origin (apex more strongly curved in figure provided in Nowakowski 1973); basal 1/2 well-sclerotised, distal 1/2 mostly clear with small apical cup and single lateral band sclerotised. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed with darker base and slightly darker margin; sperm pump with venter sclerotised.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Poaceae -  Agropyron ,  Ammophila ,  Apera ,  Avena ,  Dactylis ,  Echinochloa ,  Elymus ,  Hordeum ,  Phleum ,  Poa ,  Secale ,  Triticum ,  Zea . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, BC*, MB, NB, NS*, NT, ON, QC, SK, YT. USA: "many of the States in the northern 1/2 of the United States"; published state occurrences include AK, CA, CO, IN, KS, MA, ND, NH, NV, OH, PA, VT. Europe, Russia, China, Japan (Papp and  Černý 2016). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype [superciliosa]: Sweden. Stockholm, Nr. 363/65 (1♂ NRS, coll. Bohemann).</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza coquilletti ]: USA. CO: Fort Collins,  Webster’s No. 6610, C.N. Ainslie (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p> [  Agromyza coquilletti ]. IN: Lafayette, P. Luginbill, issued 2.vi.1912, "PARATYPE No. 15569" (1♂, USNM), NV: Lincoln, G.I. Reeves, Webster No. 2952, "PARATYPE No. 15569" (1♀, USNM) [Not mentioned in original description]. </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Banff Natl. Park,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Eisenhower Junction</a>
                 , 1432 m, 6.vi.1955, J.R. McGillis, CNC481240 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Banff</a>
                 , 1357 m, along roadside, 26.v.1960, B.S. Heming, CNC481295 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Black Foot Coulee</a>
                 , 9.viii.1940, A.R. Brooks, CNC481278, CNC481288 (2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Black Foot Hills</a>
                 , 9.viii.1940, A.R. Brooks, CNC481226-481233, CNC481279-481287 (8♂ 9♀, CNC), Elkwater L., swept from range grass, 2.vii.1956, O. Peck, CNC481292 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Lethbridge</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Oldman River</a>
                 , 22.vi.1956, O. Peck, CNC481296 (1♀, CNC), BC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Atlin</a>
                 , 24.vi.1955, B.A. Gibbard, CNC481251 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Oliver</a>
                 , 18.viii.1953, J.R. McGillis, CNC481250 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Osoyoos</a>
                 , 49°1'40.68"N, 119°27'8.10"W, alfalfa, 26.v.2005,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Goulet</a>
                 and  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Boudreault</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Site</a>
                 8, CNC481269 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Summit Lake</a>
                 , mi392  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">
Alaska 
Hwy</a>
                 , 1371 m, 8.vii.1959, R.E. Leech, CNC481297 (1♀, CNC), MB: 1 km NW of Winnipegosis,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Hwy</a>
                 20, 51°39'3.96"N, 99°56'42.96"W, prairie habitat, 16.vi.2007,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Goulet</a>
                 and  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Boudreault</a>
                 , sweeping, CNC481270 (1♀, CNC), 5mi N Minnedosa, 8.vii.1958, R.L. Hurley, CNC481293, CNC481294 (2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Aweme</a>
                 , 18.vii.1916, N. Criddle, CNC481225 (1♂, CNC), 4.vii.1917, CNC481289, CNC481290 (2♀, CNC), 3.vii.1922, H.A. Robertson, CNC481291 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Shilo</a>
                 , 5mi SW, 13.vii.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481234 (1♂, CNC), floodplain comminuty nr. tamarack bog, open grassy marsh, 2.viii.1958, CNC481235, CNC481274, CNC481276, CNC481277, CNC481275 (1♂ 4♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Treesbank</a>
                 , 23.vii.1915, N. Criddle, CNC481236 (1♂, CNC), 6.viii.1915, N. Criddle,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Teste Aldrich</a>
                 , CNC481237-481239, CNC481271, CNC481272 (3♂ 2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Whitewater</a>
                 L., 4mi N Whitewater, swept from  Hordeum jubatum , 14.viii.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481273 (1♀, CNC), NB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Richibucto</a>
                 , on tidal flat, 12.vii.1977, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481267 (1♂, CNC), NT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Yellowknife</a>
                 , 64°5'0"S, 111°15'0"W, 5.vi.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC_  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Diptera</a>
                 59172, CNC481252 (2♂, CNC), NS: S. Harbor, 11.vii.1984, H.J. Teskey, PG961944, CNC481268 (1♂, CNC), ON: Atikokan, 4mi E of Hwy. 11, 5.vii.1978, H.J. Teskey, CNC481257 (1♂, CNC), Grand Bend, 19.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC481259 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">One Sided Lake</a>
                 , 29.vi.1960, Kelton and Whitney, CNC481310 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 24.v.1946, A. Brooks, CNC481311 (1♀, CNC), Penetang, 1.viii.1955, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481258 (1♂, CNC), Simcoe, 15.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC481260-481263 (4♂, CNC), Stratford, 5.vii.1916, CNC481256 (1♂, CNC), Waubamick, vi.1915, H.S. Parish (1♂, USNM), QC: Breckenridge, 28.vi.1959, C.H. Mann, CNC481266 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">Ile de Montreal</a>
                 , 5.viii.1906, Beaulieu, CNC481264, CNC481313 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Mi. 139 Rte. 58,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -140.98352/lat 67.42404)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-140.98352&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=67.42404">La Verendrye Prov.</a>
                 Pk., 28.vi.1965, D.M. Wood, CNC481312 (1♀, CNC), Rupert House, 29.vii.1949, E.J. LeRoux, CNC481265 (1♂, CNC), SK: 11 km S Empress, AB, riverine cottonwood, maple, 12-19.viii.1986, J. Acorn, Malaise trap, CNC481298, CNC481299 (2♀, CNC), Buchanan, 6.viii.1925, K.M. King, CNC481303 (1♀, CNC), Great Deer, 8.ix.1950, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC481300 (1♀, CNC), Indian Head, 6.ix.1920, S. Stewart, CNC481242 (1♂, CNC), Pheasant City, 13.vii.1937, A.R. Brooks, CNC481241 (1♂, CNC), Saskatoon, 16.viii.1939, A.R. Brooks, CNC481243, CNC481302 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 6.viii.1939, CNC481301 (1♀, CNC), Saskatoon, 22.vii.1933, K.M. King, 16447-1129B, CNC481305 (1♀, CNC), 22.viii.1927, 16446-126BG, CNC481248 (1♂, CNC), 25.viii.1923, 16410-3N9B, CNC481244, CNC481245 (2♂, CNC), 26.vi.1930, 16424-330B, D360, CNC481246 (1♂, CNC), 27.vii.1923, 16410-4N10B, CNC481304 (1♀, CNC), 4.vii.1930, 16448-1227AN, CNC481306 (1♀, CNC), 6.viii.1931, 164464-832B, CNC481247 (1♂, CNC), 6.viii.1935, 164464-832B, CNC481249 (1♂, CNC), YT: Kusawa Lake Road, 60°42'12.66"N, 136°4'18.72"W, 699 m, 6.vii.2006, Goulet and Boudreault, sweeping, CNC481221-481224 (4♂, CNC), Rampart House, 67°25'26.56"N, 140°59'0.68"W, 2.vi.1951, C.C. Loan, CNC_Diptera59173 (1♀, CNC), Whitehorse, 23.viii.1959, R. Madge, CNC481253 (1♂, CNC)  .   Denmark.  Gudhjem , Bornholm, F. Budman, mine an  Ammophila arenaria coll. Hypon., M. Hering, 3329, CNC481315 (1♂, CNC),  Maribo , Bota [?],  Sönderup , 3.viii.1932, mine an  Psamma arenaria coll. Hypon., M. Hering, CNC481314 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. AK:  Fairbanks , 13.vi.1952, J.B. Hartley, CNC481307 (1♀, CNC), CO: Boulder Co.,  Corona Pass , 3230 m, 6.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC481309 (1♀, CNC),  Mt. Evans , 3566 m, timberline, 22.vii.1961, W.R.M. Mason, CNC481254 (1♂, CNC),  Niwot Ridge , nr.  Ward , 3505 m, on tundra, 4.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC481308 (1♀, CNC), C.N. Ainslie, reared from  Agromyza in  Agrobyron Webster No. 13784, Wimbeldon NBJ16915, CNC481255 (1♂, CNC), Crook, 15.vi.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), NH: Mt. Wash., Alpine Garden, 2.vii.1956, 5900', A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> While  Cerodontha (Poemyza) superciliosa has not been confirmed in the Delmarva states, Frick (1959) noted that he had seen specimens from "many of the States in the northern 1/2 of the United States", and it is thus included here. Characteristic of this species are light yellow shoulders and a light yellow, smooth (shallowly and gently textured) and medially angulate lunule that meets a similarly yellow frons that is darker, pitted, and softer anteriorly. The large, wide, and flat supra-anal process of the male is also highly characteristic. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB8706B104E91302C80E446B0BB4CD02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
474527D67CB44BA0D95B1BE68593EEA5.text	474527D67CB44BA0D95B1BE68593EEA5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Poemyza) ungula Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) ungula sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 564-566</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.1 mm (♂), 2.3-2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.1-1.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.0-4.1. First flagellomere slightly longer than high, dorsal margin with very shallow angle between apex and middle. Arista short pubescent. Lunule angled posteriorly near base, visible portion (lateral base concealed by fronto-orbital plate) not much higher than wide, small, separated from ocellar triangle by its own height. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial prominent, appearing thick when viewed laterally, continuing under eye as strong cheek; fronto-orbital plate, parafacial and anterior region of frons slightly bulging outwards so that anterior surface of head not appearing flat when viewed from above; fronto-orbital plate well-sclerotised, appearing continuous with ocellar triangle. Gena comparatively broad and rounded, not as projecting posteriorly.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three ori on one side); two ors; slightly decreasing in length anteriorly. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. One row of strong orbital setulae. One pair of prominent setae apically on each palpus. Four dorsocentral setae, strongly decreasing in length anteriorly, with fourth seta barely larger than surrounding setulae. Four rows of acrostichal setulae. Acrostical seta absent; one female with duplicated dorsocentral in one acrostichal row.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown with paler brown shine. Head dark brown; slightly darker or paler centrally on frons, which is covered with blackish pits; lunule and gena slightly paler; ocellar spot, back of head, clypeus, face, and venter of gena darker; ocellar triangle yellowish around dark ocellar spot; buccal cavity within arms of clypeus with dense orange to brown spicules. Remainder of body dark brown with notopleuron slightly paler and fore femur yellow for length less than apical width of femur; mid femur sometimes with slight yellowish tint apically. Wing veins light brown, becoming yellower towards base and often whitish posteriorly. Halter light yellow. Calypter margin and hairs light brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 564-566) Epandrium without supra-anal process. Surstylus small, rounded, directed inwards, with small setae. Ventral process of subepandrial sclerites with arm length equal to base width; smooth, with very small subapical point on outer surface. Basiphallus fused to ventroapical margin of phallophorus; sclerotised along left lateral and ventral surfaces, with nearly separate dorsal to right dorsolateral plate on distal 2/3. Hypophallus with one pair of flat, apically narrowing and desclerotised plates. Only left paraphallus evident as clear lobe. Mesophallus stem slightly wider at base, width ~  ¼ length; apical chamber small with simple rounded base, wider than long. Distiphallus tubule slightly longer than base + mesophallus, relatively straight with slight basal curve, lightly sclerotised, narrow with apex widened into darker, textured cup. Ejaculatory apodeme as long as basiphallus+ phallophorus. </p>
            <p>Variation: Delaware female with first flagellomere darker and as long as high; paler brown or yellowish pigment absent from head, which is entirely dark brown; fourth dorsocentral more closely set to third dorsocentral.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown, but the label of one paratype mentions  “wheat” , which may represent a rearing record. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DE, MI.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific name is Latin for "finger ring", referring to the pronounced ring around the eye.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MI: Mio, 29.v.1937, H. Milliron (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: USA. DE: Middleton, 17.v.1960, wheat (1♀, UDCC), MI: Mio, 29.v.1937, H. Milliron (2♀, USNM), E. Lansing, 29.v.1937, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Lapeer Co., 30-31.v.1937, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The new species  Cerodontha (Poemyza) ungula is unique among the Nearctic  Poemyza is its dark colouration, although the calypter is light brown; there are only four rows of acrostichal setulae, there is a slight point on the first flagellomere, and the fronto-orbital plate, parafacial and cheek are strong and projecting. The latter character is especially distinct but also seen in  C. chillcottiella Spencer (Colorado), although in this western species the first flagellomere is more conspicuously pointed and the notopleuron and the centre of the frons are yellow. The genitalia are similar to those of  C. pygminoides , although the surstylus of the new species is small and simple, the phallus is slightly stouter and shorter, the lateral and dorsal plates of the basiphallus slightly vary in shape and the left lateral margin is not produced, the apical chamber of the mesophallus is more rounded, the distiphallus is less broadly arched medially and with a more pronounced basal curve, and the apical cup on the tubule is larger and darker. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/474527D67CB44BA0D95B1BE68593EEA5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
FDE104C54E5038F56469495562530213.text	FDE104C54E5038F56469495562530213.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Xenophytomyza) Frey	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Xenophytomyza) Frey</p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Xenophytomyza) Frey, 1946: 51. Type species:  Haplomyza atronitens Hendel 1920, by original designation. Frick 1959: 396; Nowakowski 1967: 655; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 91; Boucher 2003: 2. </p>
            <p> Xenophytomyza . Hering 1955: 170. </p>
            <p> Xenophytomyza is primarily north temperate in distribution, with seven exclusively Palaearctic species (mostly Russian), one Holarctic and Jamaican species, and one eastern Nearctic species. The three species with known hosts have all been reared from  Poaceae (Boucher 2003). </p>
            <p> The single Delmarva species is distinct among other local  Agromyzidae in having three dorsocentrals that strongly decrease in length anteriorly, and there is a mix of characters seen in other  Cerodontha subgenera: the lateral scutellar seta is absent (also seen in  Cerodontha s. s.), the first flagellomere has a strong anterodorsal angle (but not produced to a point as seen in  Cerodontha s. s.), the lunule is narrow and slightly higher than wide (similar to some  Poemyza ) and the body is darkly pigmented. Support for the subgenus is weak and its relationships to other subgenera require investigation (Boucher 2003). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FDE104C54E5038F56469495562530213	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
E0B7F15AD8D280D7085873A867A1AB23.text	E0B7F15AD8D280D7085873A867A1AB23.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha (Xenophytomyza) illinoensis (Malloch)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha (Xenophytomyza) illinoensis (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 104, 567-573</p>
            <p> Agromyza illinoensis Malloch, 1934: 483. Frick 1952a: 374. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Xenophytomyza) illinoensis . Frick 1952c: 151; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 92; Boucher 2003: 6. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Xenophytomyza) illinoensis . Frick 1959: 397. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha (Poemyza) simcoensis Spencer, 1969: 135. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (Fig. 104). Wing length 2.0-2.2 mm (♂), 2.2-2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.5-2.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 9.0-10.0. First flagellomere slightly longer than high, anterodorsal margin forming strong angle. Arista pubescent. Frons slightly narrowing anteriorly, very soft, not smoothly meeting lunule. Fronto-orbital plate 1/4 width of frons, slightly visible laterally; ocellar triangle large, approximately equilateral with sides rounded; parafacial very narrow, continuing as narrow  “cheek” ; gena angled upwards. Gena and frons with minute scattered pits that are much denser and darker on frons; pits not present on fronto-orbital plate, reduced on ocellar triangle, becoming absent medially on tubercle. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two to three ori; two ors; decreasing in length anteriorly with anterior seta as small as 2/3 length of posterior ors. Orbital setulae relatively long, scattered, in one or two rows on either side of fronto-orbitals. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to ors; ocellar setae slightly displaced laterally to level of outer ocelli. Four dorsocentral setae strongly decreasing in length anteriorly, with fourth seta often indistinguishable from surrounding setulae (not visible in material examined), and third at most 1/3 length of first seta. Acrostichal seta absent. Approximately eight scattered rows of acrostichal setulae reaching level of posterior dorsocentral. Lateral scutellar seta absent.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Body dark brown; fronto-orbital plate and region around margin of ocellar triangle paler; antenna paler with first flagellomere darkest of segments; apex of fore femur yellow for length less than width of femur. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Halter yellow. Wing veins brown, only yellow at very base.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 567-573) Epandrium without process above anus; fused to surstylus with suture absent. Surstylus broad, short, slightly produced past margin of epandrium, directed inwards, margin setose. Subepandrial sclerite with ventral lobe narrow, dark, apically tapering and with slight outer-distal point. Basiphallus apically split. Hypophallus flat, long, faded and narrowed apically. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus fused to distiphallus, forming long, clear, narrow tubule that is longer than remainder of phallus; slightly swollen basally and appearing partially split apically. Ejaculatory apodeme with small, rounded, mostly clear blade, and dark, narrow stem with minute clear subbasal process; sperm pump clear.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown, likely  Poaceae (Boucher 2003). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: IL, MS*, TN, VA, VT*, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Syntypes [illinoensis]: USA. IL: White Heath, 22.v.1915 (3♀), 8.v.1915 (1♀ 1♂), 9.v.1915 (2♂), 16.v.1915 (2♀), 30.v.1915 (2♀). [Types in INHS, USNM]. [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Cerodontha simcoensis ]: Canada. ON: Simcoe, 9.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC481017 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p> Paratypes [  Cerodontha simcoensis ]: Canada. ON: Simcoe, 9.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC481018-481020 (2♂ 1♀, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.82111/lat 45.3)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.82111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.3">Ottawa</a>
                 , Stony Swamp, Beaver Trail, 45°18'0"N, 75°49'16"W, 13.vi.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC441042, CNC441054, CNC441059, CNC441073, CNC441084 (5♂, CNC), Ottawa, 17.vi.1954, C.D. Miller, CNC481023 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. MS: Winston Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.84806/lat 33.2525)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.84806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2525">Noxubee</a>
                 NWR, Loakfoma Crk., at  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.84806/lat 33.2525)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.84806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2525">Dummy Line Rd.</a>
                 , 33°15'9"N, 88°50'53.01"W, 17-21.v.2013, J.M. Cumming, Malaise trap, CNC481024 (1♀, CNC), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.84806/lat 33.2525)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.84806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2525">East Ridge</a>
                 , 4.v.1952, O. Peck, CNC481021 (1♂, CNC), 6.v.1952, CNC481022 (1♀, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.84806/lat 33.2525)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.84806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2525">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Dead Run, 19.vi.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), VT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.84806/lat 33.2525)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.84806&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.2525">Rutland Co.</a>
                 , nr. Benson, hwy 22A, 1mi N hwy 144, 22.vi.1997, sweeping, C.R. Bartlett (1♀, UDCC), WV: Grafton, 25.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), Summers Co., Pipestem, 18.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E0B7F15AD8D280D7085873A867A1AB23	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
62286BAD60367120567AFF04F3E413BF.text	62286BAD60367120567AFF04F3E413BF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cerodontha Rondani 1861	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Cerodontha Rondani</p>
            <p> Odontocera Macquart, 1835: 614. Type species:  Chlorops denticornis Panzer 1806: 104, by original designation. Preoccupied by Audinet-Serville (1833,  Cerambycidae ). </p>
            <p> Cerodontha Rondani, 1861: 10. Type species:  Chlorops denticornis Panzer 1806: 104, by original designation. Nowakowski 1973: 7; Spencer 1969: 109; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 87. </p>
            <p> Odonthocera . Misspelling. Rondani 1861: 10. </p>
            <p> Ceratomyza Schiner, 1862: 434 [unnecessary replacement name for  Odontocera ]. Type species:  Chlorops denticornis Panzer 1806: 104, by automatic designation. Hendel 1931 [synonymy?]. </p>
            <p> Cerodonta . Misspelling. Hendel 1920: 114, 1932: 265; Hering 1926: 223. </p>
            <p> Cerodontha is a speciose and morphologically diverse genus divided into seven subgenera:  Butomomyza ,  Cerodontha s. s.,  Dizygomyza ,  Icteromyza ,  Phytagromyza ,  Poemyza and  Xenophytomyza . All of these occur in the Nearctic, although  Phytagromyza is not yet known from the Delmarva states. Approximately 260 species are known, all of which are leaf miners in the monocot families  Cyperaceae ,  Iridaceae ,  Juncaceae and  Poaceae (Boucher 2010). </p>
            <p> Cerodontha species have a lunule that is higher than wide, or at least it usually appears to be higher than wide because the broader base of some species is often concealed by the overlapping inner-anterior margin of the fronto-orbital plate. The male genitalia are also characteristic, as the mesophallus is well-developed, stalk-like and fused to a similarly well-developed, long distiphallus with one pair of apical tubules that are secondarily fused in very few species. Furthermore, the venter of the subepandrial sclerite is produced into one pair of long, well-sclerotised processes. This process has often been referred to in the literature as the "  Langfortsatz ", which simply means a long process and is here referred to descriptively as the ventral process of the subepandrial sclerite. It has also been referred to as the "upper surstylar lobe" by Zlobin (1995, 2007d) based on similarities to a structure in a Palaearctic  Metopomyza ; this is an understandable interpretation, and still potentially valid because there is certainly confluence between this structure and the fused surstylus/epandrium, and not just the subepandrial sclerite; the point of confluence, however, actually appears to be along the infolded surface of the posteroventral margin of the epandrium, not the surstylus itself. The homology of this structure is still in need of verification, as no intermediate forms appear to exist, and parallel fusion of the epandrium and/or surstylus and the subepandrial sclerite occurres throughout the family, including in the genera  Agromyza ,  Aulagromyza ,  Japanagromyza ,  Metopomyza ,  Nemorimyza , and  Ophiomyia . For the purpose of this study, the position of this sclerite and its confluence with the remainder of the subepandrial sclerite proper appears to make homology with this latter structure the most efficient explanation. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/62286BAD60367120567AFF04F3E413BF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
44B1E4A47649D1547F5A98023134C454.text	44B1E4A47649D1547F5A98023134C454.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euhexomyza Lonsdale 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Euhexomyza Lonsdale</p>
            <p> Euhexomyza Lonsdale, 2014: 497. Type species  Melanagromyza simplicoides Hendel 1920, by original designation. </p>
            <p> Euhexomyza was described by Lonsdale (2014) for a lineage of mostly north-temperate  Salicaceae -feeding species where the larva forms an ovate gall in the cortex of a twig. These species were previously treated as part of  Hexomyza Enderlein, but Lonsdale (2014) found the genus to be a polyphyletic dumping ground for a miscellany of gall-forming species, with the morphologically disparate type species belonging to  Ophiomyia . He subsequently included the name  Hexomyza as a junior synonym of  Ophiomyia . </p>
            <p> Species are brown and non-metallic (Fig. 44), they have a rounded clypeus and lack a prescutellar acrostichal. The fronto-orbital plate and parafacial are pronounced, forming a strong ring around the eye, the postsutural intra-alars are subequal (anterior seta never strong), and only the mid tibia sometimes has a lateromedial seta. The male genitalia (at least of the north temperate  Salicaceae -feeders) are typified by a distiphallus that has the base broad and rounded and the apex tapered, and the phallophorus has a unique ventral  “pouch” emerging from the distal margin (Fig. 250; Lonsdale 2014: fig. 62). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/44B1E4A47649D1547F5A98023134C454	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
F291924A1DBF34E6E37D430739AB73A5.text	F291924A1DBF34E6E37D430739AB73A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Euhexomyza winnemanae (Malloch 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Euhexomyza winnemanae (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 47, 48</p>
            <p> Agromyza winnemanae Malloch, 1913a: 314. Shewell 1953: 465. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza winnemanae . Frick, 1952a: 380, 1959: 367. </p>
            <p> Hexomyza winnemanae . Spencer &amp; Steyskal, 1986b: 250. </p>
            <p> Euhexomyza winnemanae . Lonsdale, 2014: 503. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 47, 48). Wing length 1.9 mm (♂♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2. Eye height divided by gena height: 8.6. Ocellar triangle large, glossy outside of tubercle and sharply pointed anteriorly. First flagellomere broadly rounded. Clypeus broadly rounded anteriorly. Distance between crossveins as long as dm-m. Costa not extending much past R4+5. Lunule broad, very shallow. Base of antennae broadly separated. Face flat. Fronto-orbital plate narrow.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One strongly incurved ori; three ors; setae decreasing in width and length anteriorly. Ocellar and postocellar setae well-developed. Orbital setulae reclinate. Two well-developed dorsocentrals. Acrostichal setulae in eight rows. Posteromedial tibial setae absent.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Calypter and wing entirely white with veins brownish (costa darker). Halter brown. Body entirely brown to dark brown with gena and centre of frons paler.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: Unknown.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - likely  Salix (  Salicaceae ). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: MD. Gall attributed to this species observed in AB (Spencer, 1969).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [winnemanae]: USA. MD: Plummers Island, 27.vi.1909, W.L. McAtee (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Euhexomyza albicula ]: Canada. ON: Ottawa, 7.iv.1948, ex. gall on  Salix sp., G.E. Shewell (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p> Paratype [  Euhexomyza albicula ]: Canada. ON: Dryden, 12-13.vi.1960, Kelton and Whitney (1♀, CNC). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Euhexomyza albicula (Spencer) stat. reinst., comb. nov. (Figs 45, 46, 250) was included as a junior synonym of  H. winnemanae by Spencer and Steyskal (1986b), but following examination of the types of both species, both are recognised here as distinct, and the former is resurrected from synonymy. Aside from having white wings and a similar body size, the two species are strikingly dissimilar.  Euhexomyza albicula differs as follows: eye height divided by gena height 2.0-2.1; eye relatively small and broadly surrounded by fronto-orbital plate, parafacial and occiput when seen laterally; fronto-orbital plate broad and bulging (more so medially); two ors, two ori (not much longer than ocellar seta); ocellar triangle broad, rounded apically and subshiny; first flagellomere smaller, ovate and with longer hairs; lunule semi-circular and bulging; clypeus broader medially; ocellar and postocellar setae not much longer than ocellar tubercle; scutellum with second small pair of distolateral scutellar setae well-developed and with additional seta on left side in female; veins white, excluding costa, subcosta and base of Rs; calypter margin and hairs brown; body subshiny and light brown to brown (not dark brown). </p>
            <p> One additional pair of lateral scutellar setae is also present in the northeastern North American species  Euhexomyza salicis (Malloch), which has the costa extending to vein M1+2 (not R4+5). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F291924A1DBF34E6E37D430739AB73A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
BE40F1DB1D220C9E8A79CC91764D5F15.text	BE40F1DB1D220C9E8A79CC91764D5F15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Haplopeodes minutus (Frost)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Haplopeodes minutus (Frost)</p>
            <p>Figs 120, 574-581</p>
            <p> Phytomyza minuta Frost, 1924: 86. Frick 1952a: 427. </p>
            <p> Haplomyza minuta . Frick, 1953: 73 (lectotype designation); 1959: 413. </p>
            <p> Haplopeodes minutus . Steyskal, 1980: 148; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 140; Martinez and Etienne 2002: 32. </p>
            <p> Haplomyza togata . Misidentification. Stegmaier, 1967: 197; Spencer 1969: 201, 1981: 338. </p>
            <p> Haplomyza minuta . Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 112. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 120, 581). Wing length 1.3-1.4 mm (♂), 1.5-1.6 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.6-3.3. First flagellomere sometimes with shallow anterodorsal angle. Frons soft medially. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial somewhat visible laterally. Clypeus narrow along length. Lunule semi-circular.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori (slender with length ~ 1/2 width of frons); one ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae as long as ocellar tubercle. Orbital setulae few, minute, erect to proclinate, in a single row. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae in two sparse rows on anterior 1/2 of scutum.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light yellow with ocellar tubercle, back of head (often excluding margins) and clypeus brown; vertical setae on yellow. Notum dark with pale grey pruinosity, with notopleuron (excluding dark sublateral spot) and postpronotum (excluding small anteromedial spot) light yellow, and scutellum broadly light yellow along midline. Metanotum brown. Pleuron yellow with dark spot on anterior margins of anepisternum and anepimeron, meron dark medially and posteriorly, and ventral 4/5 of katepisternum brown, not including base of seta; dark portions obscured by grey pruinosity. Halter white. Calypter white. Legs light yellow with base of mid and hind coxae brown, and tarsi brownish; fore coxa sometimes brown basally. Abdomen brown on tergites 1(2)-4 with lateral margin yellow and posterior margin of latter three tergites yellow; tergites 5 and 6 yellow with one pair of confluent anterior spots (very small on tergite 6). Female as described for male except as follows: abdomen brown with oviscape dark and posterior margin of tergites 2-5 yellow (medially emarginate on tergite 5), and tergite 6 yellow with one pair of confluent anterior spots.</p>
            <p>Variation: BC male as above except outer vertical seta sometimes near dark spot emerging from back of head; first flagellomere with anterior margin brown infuscated, pigment extending to outer 1/2; fore femur sometimes with dorsal streak. One female (CA) with distal 1/2 of first flagellomere brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 574-580) Epandrium broad and shallow, with width 3  × length; posterodistal margin with one tubercle-like seta. Surstylus small and rounded with three apical tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium thin with bare, ovate inner lobe; lightly sclerotised membrane uniting both sides along length. Postgonite with ventral extension and tapered apex. Ejaculatory apodeme finger-like, only slightly widened at base, and sperm pump only slightly sclerotised to one side. Phallus short, clear and highly reduced; boundary between basiphallus and distiphallus indistinct; ejaculatory duct only gradually widened at apex, where it emerges from surrounding basiphallus/distiphallus. Phallophorus narrowest at midpoint. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Amaranthaceae -  Amaranthus spp.,  Chenopodium spp. (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: BC*, SK. USA: CA, FL, KS, ND, NM, TX, UT*, VA*, WA. Cuba. Guadeloupe(?).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype: USA. ND: Fargo, 13.vi.1918 (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. BC:  Kinbasket Lake , Cooper Beauchesne and Assoc. Ltd., 21.vi.2010, BC Hydro drawdown study (12MTRT01) CNC391566 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CA:  Bakersfield , 9.viii.1948, ex.  Amaranthus sp., W.H. Lange (1♀, USNM), Imp. Co., Meloland, 27.iv.1977,  Chenopodium , K.A. Spencer (1♀, USNM),  Orange Co. , Irving, 24.iv.1977,  Chenopodium murale , K.A. Spencer (1♀, USNM),  Riverside Co. , Corona, 19.x.1958, P. Rude (1♀, USNM), KS: Manhattan, 26.viii.1949, C. Stegmaier, No. 146 50-228, ex.  Amaranthus retroflexus (1♂, USNM), ND: Bismarck, 14.vi.1918 (1♂, USNM), NM: Las Cruces, J.M. Aldrich, 16.vi.1917 (1♂, USNM), 14.vi.1917 (1♀, USNM), Las Lunas, 17.vii.1963, I.G. Watts, prairie sandroad (1♂, USNM), TX: Marfa, 13.vi.1917, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Crystal City, reared from pigweed, J.A. Harding, 16.iv.1962 (1♂, USNM), 21.vi.1962 (1♀, USNM), 15.viii.1962 (1♀ 1?, USNM), 14.v.1962 (2♀, USNM), UT: Corinne, on celery, 9/7/49, G.F. Knowlton (1♀, USNM), Farmington, on celery, 31.viii.1949, G.F. Knowlton (1♀, USNM), VA: Northhampton Co., Kiptopeke, 2-5.x.1987, on flowers of  Solidago sepmervirens , W.E. Steiner, J.M. Swearingen, J.M. Hill and J.J. Marshall (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Otherwise known from British Columbia, Saskatchewan and the western and southern United States, the Virginia male of  Haplopeodes minutus listed here represents a significant range extension, both for the species and for the genus. The Virginia specimen largely agrees with the western material except the inner lobe of the hypandrium is of a slightly different shape. </p>
            <p> This species can be easily confused for  Liriomyza togata (Lonsdale 2011: figs 225-228) in the west, which is found on  Baccharis douglasii and  Artemisia douglasiana (Spencer 1990). Like  Haplopeodes species, this  Liriomyza is sometimes also missing the posterior cross-vein, has a single ors and similar colouration, but the male genitalia are entirely dissimilar. As such, males should be dissected for confident identification. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BE40F1DB1D220C9E8A79CC91764D5F15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5E55C504FDB2B741AF4C2CC8AA54D16F.text	5E55C504FDB2B741AF4C2CC8AA54D16F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Haplopeodes Steyskal 1980	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Haplopeodes Steyskal</p>
            <p> Haplopeodes Steyskal, 1980: 141. Type species:  Phytomyza minuta Frost 1924: 86, by original designation. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 138. </p>
            <p> Haplomyza . Lapsus. Spencer 1987: 878. </p>
            <p> When  Antineura togata Melander, the type species for  Haplomyza , was moved to  Liriomyza , the remaining species placed in  Haplomyza were left orphaned. The name  Haplopeodes was provided by Steyskal (1980) to encompass these orphaned taxa, which were found to represent a natural group. The genus occurs throughout the New World on  Amaranthaceae ,  Chenopodiaceae ,  Portulacaceae and  Solanaceae , producing short, irregular, and somewhat straight mines (Steyskal 1980; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). One species occurs in Africa (Spencer 1961), but this was likely misplaced to genus. Steyskal (1980) last revised the genus, and Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) last treated the fauna of the United States. A single new species was described from California in Eiseman et al. (2021). </p>
            <p> Morphologically,  Haplopeodes species are very similar to  Liriomyza , but they exhibit a strong reduction or simplification of both external and genitalic features, likely due in no small part to their minute body size. There is no stridulating mechanism, only one ors, dm-m is lost, the phallus is simplified and largely membranous, and the ejaculatory apodeme is narrow with little pigment on the sperm pump. Similar to many  Liriomyza , the posterodistal margin of the epandrium has a single tubercle-like seta and the surstylus is small with few apical tubercles, but the ejaculatory duct is not pigmented and does not appear to be much swollen apically. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E55C504FDB2B741AF4C2CC8AA54D16F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
E2ADA554D82B22AFB7061A452E4939E3.text	E2ADA554D82B22AFB7061A452E4939E3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japagromyza viridula (Coquillett)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Japagromyza viridula (Coquillett)</p>
            <p>Figs 49-51, 251-256</p>
            <p> Agromyza viridula Coquillett, 1902: 189. Frick 1952a: 374, 1959: 359. </p>
            <p> Japanagromyza viridula . Spencer, 1966a: 3, 1969: 63; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 55; Scheffer et al. 2007: 770; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 16. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 49-51). Wing length 2.7-3.2 mm (♂), 3.1-3.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 8.0-8.3. Ocellar triangle faintly outlined. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar tubercle subshiny. Lunule height 1/2 width, silvery pruinose; lunule and face broad and well-sclerotised with face flat. Clypeus broadly rounded. Notum and head with light dusting of pruinosity. Arista virtually bare.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: All setae well-developed and setulae short and sparse. Two ori; two ors (widely separated). Two postsutural dorsocentrals. Ten rows of acrostichal setulae; acrostichal setula present. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Fore tibia with one lateral seta; mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae black (setulae on ocellar tubercle sometimes golden-brown). Body predominantly dark brown; thorax (less so on pleuron) and abdomen with metallic green reflection, and epandrium faintly to distinctly reddish brown. Wing veins brown. Calypter and halter white.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 251-256) Surstylus fused to epandrium; suture obliterated; very narrow, apex rounded, nearly as high as epandrium; inner surface with patches of numerous tubercle-like setae distally and basally; twisted, inner face visible posteriorly. Hypandrium large, elongate with very long, stout, apical process; inner lobe bare, narrow and transverse. Postgonite broad, ovate, flat, and bare. Phallophorus small, fused to basiphallus. Basiphallus a single plate dorsal to right lateral. Hypophallus slightly shorter than basiphallus, dark, linear. Distiphallus very long, pale, and relatively straight, composed of longer flagellum on left side and shorter flagellum on right side, connected by thin membrane; often longer than illustrated. Mesophallus indistinct. Ejaculatory apodeme narrow, blade reduced with very shallow basolateral process; sperm pump unsclerotised with minutely spinulose ventral surface.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Fagaceae -  Quercus spp.,  Castanea mollissima (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NB*, NS, ON, QC*. USA: DC, GA, IN, KS, MA, ME, NC, OK, PA, SC, TN, VA. Puerto Rico.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. DC:  “June” , "Collection Coquillett" (1♂, USNM; Type No. 6660). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p> USA. DC:  “DC” (1♀, USNM), MA: Beverly, 29.vi.1876, Burgess (1♀, USNM). Puerto Rico. "Porto Rico", Aguadilla, i.1899, A. Busck (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> 142♂ 97♀ 1?, CNC, USNM. Canada. NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 8.vi.1977, J.R. Vockeroth, Code - 5222V, Code - 52336, CNC358580, CNC358581, CNC358582 (3♀, CNC), 9.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, Code - 6023Q, CNC358583 (1♀, CNC), QC: Rigaud, 11.vi.1981, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358579 (1♂, CNC) . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Superficially,  Japanagromyza viridula can be mistaken for species of  Melanagromyza because of its metallic green colouration, but it can be easily separated by the single pair of stout prescutellar acrostichal setae. </p>
            <p> There was an error produced in the  Japanagromyza key in Spencer and Stegmaier (1973) that was perpetuated in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) and Wiegmann (1991), leaving the only Delmarva species unidentifiable.  Japanagromyza viridula was differentiated from U.S. congeners with prescutellar acrostichal setae (  J. inaequalis (Malloch),  J. aequalis Spencer and  J. polygonivora Wiegmann (=  J. polygoni Spencer) by having the "mesonotum predominantly black". Upon examination of the types of all of these species deposited in the USNM, however, there appears to be little, if any difference in the colour of the notum. Instead,  J. viridula can be diagnosed by the arista, which is virtually bare (hairs not as long or longer than width of central filament) by examination of the male genitalia, or sometimes by the setulae on the ocellar tubercle, which are black or golden-brown (always black in the remaining species, which are only found in and south of Florida). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2ADA554D82B22AFB7061A452E4939E3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
B6DF5064FD322CF68F32BB4A0F6954A9.text	B6DF5064FD322CF68F32BB4A0F6954A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japanagromyza Sasakawa 1958	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Japanagromyza Sasakawa</p>
            <p> Japanagromyza Sasakawa, 1958: 138. Type species:  Agromyza duchesneae Sasakawa, 1954, by original designation. Spencer 1969: 62; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 53; Lonsdale 2013: 445. </p>
            <p> Geratomyza Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 140. Spencer 1984 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Japanagromyza is species-poor in North America north of Florida, but the species  J. viridula (Coquillett) is relatively abundant from the east coast to Alberta, Kansas and Arizona, and the unusual  J. rutiliceps (Melander) is known from Montana to California. The genus, which was redefined in Lonsdale (2013), has one pair of acrostichal setae and/or a lateromedial seta on the mid tibia.  Agromyza also has developed acrostichal setae, but it differs in having a stridulatory file. Those  Japanagromyza without acrostichals are superficially similar to  Melanagromyza , but species in the latter genus have a longer ocellar triangle, more pronounced fronto-orbital plates, and often dorsally setose eyes. </p>
            <p> The majority of species occurring in the New World can be characterised as follows: colour black (or with iridescence); only two pairs of widely spaced dorsocentrals; knob of halter white (base of knob and stem sometimes variably brown, and occasionally entirely dark, as in  J. brooksi Spencer from Ontario); fore tibia with lateromedial seta (absent in  J. brooksi and a number of non-Nearctic species); surstylus often long and narrow; male cercus very large and often bearing large tubercle-like setae (similar structures are found in some  Agromyza ); hypandrium with long, narrow, ventrally curving apodeme apically; phallus long, narrow and clear (morphology much more varied globally), and with ejaculatory apodeme sometimes very thin or atrophied. The unusual  J. rutiliceps (Melander) from the western United States differs in most of these features, and its placement is uncertain. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B6DF5064FD322CF68F32BB4A0F6954A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
1F39C719918A7815B955831C4829C5FB.text	1F39C719918A7815B955831C4829C5FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza blechi Spencer 1973	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza blechi Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 582-587</p>
            <p> Liriomyza blechi Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier,1973: 98. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 285; Lonsdale 2017: 35; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 47; Monteiro et al. 2019: 170; Eiseman et al. 2021: 24. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.0-2.1 mm (♂), 1.9-2.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.3-1.4. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.3-7.0. Eye with small, scattered hairs.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta small); two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows; posteromedial setulae inclinate. Third dorsocentral from back reduced to absent. Mid tibia with two small posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head yellow with ocellar tubercle, back of head above foramen and posterior margin of frons lateral to vertical setae brown; clypeus sometimes brown. Scutum very shiny and yellow with dark medial stripe on anterior 2/3, one pair of lateral presutural spots and one pair of postsutural bifid stripes; markings usually fused medially, and (south of Canada) sometimes forming large spot nearly reaching lateral and posterior margins. Scutellum yellow, sometimes with lateral corner brown. Metanotum yellow with mediotergite dark brown and venter of katatergite and anatergite brown. Pleuron and legs yellow with faint triangular spot on katepisternum; southern specimens sometimes with spot more distinct and meron with small spot. Calypter margin and hairs dark. Abdomen mostly yellow, sometimes with faint dorsal stripe narrowing to tergite 5 or 6.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 582-587) Epandrium large with sides broadly rounded; posterodistal corner with wide, elongate bar on inner surface. Surstylus subtriangular with apex elongate and dark. Hypophallus broad, faintly sclerotised, lateral margin thicker and folded, with small, weak medial plate with small apical hairs; basomedial region elaborated into one pair of thick folds that meet medially. Basiphallus with dorsal plate fused to phallophorus. Mesophallus indistinct, possibly evident as basal stem of distiphallus and sclerotised ventromedial folds, the latter of which may also be modified paraphalli. Distiphallus perpendicular to basiphallus; length ~ 2  × width; consisting of two broad, fused lobes that slightly widen apically; inner surface minutely spinulose on distal 1/2. Ejaculatory apodeme very large, broadly rounded and pale with sperm pump heavily sclerotised with flat lateral extensions. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Acanthaceae -  Blechum ,  Dicliptera ,  Ruellia .  Boraginaceae -  Heliotropium .  Loganiaceae -  Spigelia .  Gentianaceae -  Chelonanthus .  Phrymaceae -  Mimulus .  Plantaginaceae -  Plantago .  Poaceae -  Digitaria [?],  Panicum ,  Paspalum .  Verbenaceae -  Phyla . See host species list and comments in Eiseman et al. (2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, NL, ON, QC. USA: DE, FL, GA, IA, ID, IL, MA, MD, MI, MS, NC, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, SD, TX, VA, WV; leaf mine only in KS, WI (Eiseman et al. 2021). Bermuda. Bolivia. Brazil. Dominica. Dominican Republic. Guadeloupe. Martinique.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. FL: Dade Co., Miami, 11.vii.1963, ex. leaf mine on  Blechum pyramidatum (HT ♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale (2017).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1F39C719918A7815B955831C4829C5FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
B6E24EA47616ACA720424FED8A7B79E7.text	B6E24EA47616ACA720424FED8A7B79E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza brassicae (Riley)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza brassicae (Riley)</p>
            <p>Figs 588-594</p>
            <p> Phytomyza diminuta . Nomen dubium. Walker, 1858: 233. Frick 1952a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Oscinis brassicae Riley 1884: 322. </p>
            <p> Agromyza pascuum Meigen, 1830. Misidentification. Melander 1913: 258; Frick 1952a: 402. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza cruciferarum Hering, 1927: 461. Frick 1952a: 402 [tentative synonymy, not maintained here]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza brassicae . Frick, 1952a: 402, 1957: 68, 1959: 402, Spencer 1963: 356, 1969: 170; Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 127; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Lonsdale 2011: 33, 2017: 37; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 48. </p>
            <p> Agromyza diminuta Walker. Misidentification, in part. Coquillett 1898: 78. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza mitis Curran, 1931: 97. Frick 1952a: 427, 1959: 402. Spencer 1967 [synonymy not explicit]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza hawaiiensis Frick, 1952b: 513. Spencer 1963 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza bulnesiae Spencer, 1963: 360. Spencer and Stegmaier 1973 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza ornephila Garg, 1971: 241. Sasakawa 1977 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.2-1.6 mm (♂), 1.7-1.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.5-3.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.9-5.0. Scutum shiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two or rarely three ori; two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Lateral margin of frons sometimes with narrow brown margin, varying in strength from indistinct (common) to reaching base of fronto-orbitals; posterolateral corner of frons brown to base of inner or outer vertical seta, sometimes light brown between bases of setae; remainder of head light yellow with back of head and ocellar triangle brown. Scutum dark brown with complete lateral yellow stripe. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Katatergite yellow with posteroventral margin brown; anatergite light brown with dorsum yellow; mediotergite dark brown. Anepisternum usually with most of ventral margin brown, although sometimes also with posterior margin broadly pigmented or only with small anteroventral spot; anepimeron mottled; meron brown with dorsal 1/3 yellow; katepisternum with large brown triangular spot (not enclosing seta). Calypter margin and hairs grey. Legs yellow with tibiae, tarsi and base of fore coxa brown (fore and mid legs paler, particularly towards apex); sometimes base of femora (often only dorsally) and scraper on hind femur brown; uncommonly with brown streaking on fore femur, but if present, then lateral margin of frons narrowly brown, dark line present between base of vertical setae and hind coxa brown. Abdomen brown with lateral and sometimes posterior margin of tergites 2-4 yellow; tergite 2 sometimes with yellowish mottling and tergites 2-4 sometimes with narrow medial dividing yellow line, and tergite 4 often nearly divided medially into two pairs of spots; tergite 5 and sometimes 6 yellow with large brown medial spot; epandrium with yellow dorsal mottling.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 588-594) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus small and lobate with short apical spine and smaller ventromedial spine, widely spaced. Basiphallus with left lateral and dorsoapical surfaces sclerotised. Hypophallus small, narrow, curved anteriorly and with few apical hairs. Paraphallus narrow or slightly expanded distally. Distiphallus and mesophallus fused, narrow, cylindrical, dark, with small, pale apical chamber; gradual constriction at point of fusion between distiphallus and mesophallus. Ejaculatory apodeme dark and broad, with corners pronounced, width equal to length and stalk narrow.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Host genus use by  L. brassicae is discussed in Lonsdale (2011), with the addition of  Streptanthus in Eiseman and Lonsdale (2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Widespread in Nearctic, Oriental and Australasian Regions. Africa. Arabian Peninsula. Europe. Canary Islands. Japan.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [brassicae]: USA. MO: St. Louis, 30.iv.1876 (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza bulnesiae ]: Venezuela. Caracas, Botanical Gardens, caught on  Bulnesia arborea Engl. (  Zygophyllaceae ), 5.xii.1958, K.A. Spencer (1♂, NHMUK). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Liriomyza cruciferarum ]: Canary Islands. La Palma: Santa Cruz (2?, ZMHU) [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza hawaiiensis ]: USA. HI: Oahu, Honolulu, 1.i.1947, E.C. Zimmerman, ex. leaf of  Cleone (1♀, BPBM). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Phytomyza mitis ]: Canada. MB: Aweme, 20.vii.1929, R.H. Handford, Type No. 3407 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MD: 4mi SW of Ashton, 29.v.1986, Malaise trap, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), Prince Georges Co., Beltsville, 18.ix.1969, R.E. Holmes (1♀, USNM), NC:  Durham Co. , Durham, Pelham Road, 21.vi.2017, em. 8.vii.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex  Cleome hassleriana , #CSE3909, CNC939820 (1♀, CNC), NY:  Essex Co. ,  Upper Jay , by  Ausable River ,  East Branch , 2.vi.2012, em. by 23.vi.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Cardamine diphylla (1♀, CNC), VA: Shenandoah Co., Bayse, 21.vii.1974, G.A. Foster (1♀, USNM), WV: Bluefield, 17.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Liriomyza brassicae is difficult to differentiate from  L. sativae externally and has been reared from many of the same plant species. Colour characters can be used to distinguish most individuals, but since there is some overlap in these features, only the male genitalia can be considered authoritative for identification. The dark, cylindrical, and medially constricted distiphallus is most diagnostic for this species. </p>
            <p> While this polyphagous leaf-miner is nearly cosmopolitan,  Liriomyza brassicae is not often considered a serious threat to agriculture due to its generally small population sizes (Spencer, 1973a). Several Californian morphotypes that are potentially separate host races or species are not treated here; see Lonsdale (2011) for details. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B6E24EA47616ACA720424FED8A7B79E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
6BB56E7BBD37AC99B7527E79DF2A4D3E.text	6BB56E7BBD37AC99B7527E79DF2A4D3E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza deceptiva (Malloch 1918)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza deceptiva (Malloch)</p>
            <p> Agromyza deceptiva Malloch, 1918a: 78. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza deceptiva . Frick 1952a: 402, 1959: 403; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 286. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.0-2.2 mm (♀). Male unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.6. First flagellomere small with anterodorsal margin angulate. Ocellar triangle and parafacial shiny, parafacial broad and projecting, cheek pronounced. Ocellar tubercle slightly shifted forward, leaving gap between posterior margin and postocellars.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Setae relatively thin. Three ori (relatively close to anterior margin of frons); one ors; five fronto-orbitals in holotype. Approximately six scattered rows of acrostichal setuae. Four dorsocentral setae, anterior two pairs very reduced, but larger than surrounding setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Frons orange, becoming darker to posterior margin; tubercle surrounded by large brown spot; face brownish to venter; clypeus, lower margin of gena and back of head brown; remainder of head yellow with "orbits glossy black" in holotype. Scutum and laterotergites dark brown and shiny with postpronotum, notopleuron and small supra-alar spot yellow. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Calypter margin and hairs dark. Pleuron brown. Legs yellow with tibiae, tarsi, and dorsal margin of coxae brown. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IL, VA. Frick (1952a) notes the presence of this species in VT, but later (Frick 1959) notes that only two females from IL and VA are known.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. IL: Alto Pass, 8.v.1917, J.R. Malloch (1♀, INHS). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. VA:  Chain Bridge , 23.iv.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Liriomyza deceptiva differs from most  Liriomyza in having a darker pleuron and head, gracile setae, a clustering of three ori on the anterior margin of the frons and an unusual shape of the head. This unusual combination of characters led Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) to speculate that the species instead belongs to  Amauromyza , which should be confirmed by dissection when males are located. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6BB56E7BBD37AC99B7527E79DF2A4D3E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
43A9AE04B3CF1708C7C80EB9D32DC549.text	43A9AE04B3CF1708C7C80EB9D32DC549.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza eupatoriella Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza eupatoriella Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 595-598</p>
            <p> Liriomyza eupatoriella Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 288. Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 49. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.6-1.7 mm (♂), 1.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 4.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-4.3.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head yellow with clypeus brownish, ocellar tubercle and back of head brown, vertical setae on yellow. Scutum shiny and dark brown with postpronotum, notopleuron, and posterolateral (to inner postalar) and posterior margins yellow. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Metanotum yellow with mediotergite brown. Pleuron yellow with small anteroventral spot on anepisternum, and most of anepimeron and meron brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs yellow with tibiae and tarsi light brown, hind leg darkest. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 595-598) Epandrium with single posterodistal spine. Surstylus small and lobate/subtriangular with two long subapical spines. Hypandrium thin with inner lobe not discernable in original holotype dissection. Postgonite cleft on inner face apically and with small inner subapical lobe. Basiphallus evenly sclerotised on left side and with apical projection. Hypophallus small, narrow, and curved. Mesophallus short with small floating ventrobasal sclerite and dorsobasal extension. Distiphallus slightly longer than mesophallus, narrow and cup-shaped.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Ageratina ,  Vernonia (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IA, KS, MA, MD, MN [leaf mine], VA, WI.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. WI: Dane Co., Madison, 12.ix.1976, mining  Eupatorium rugosum , em. 28.ix.1976, S.  Tavormina (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p> USA. WI: Dane Co., Madison, 13.ix.1976, S.  Tavormina , adult on  Eupatorium rugosum (2♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. IA: Winneshiek Co., 43°25'55.97"N, 92°0'34.78"W, 16.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Ageratina altissima , em. 22-23.vii.2015, #CSE1797, CNC654352, CNC654353 (2♂, CNC), KS:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Riley Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Konza Prairie Biological Station</a>
                 , 3.vii.2015, em. 21-26.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Vernonia baldwinii , #CSE1768, CNC564709, CNC564710 (2♂, CNC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Franklin Co.</a>
                 , Northfield, 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 6.vi.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Ageratina altissima , em. 22-28.vi.2016, #CSE2613, CNC654063-654069 (5♂ 2♀, CNC), 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 6.vi.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Ageratina altissima , em. 30.vi-7.vii.2016, #CSE2677, CNC654081- 654087 (3♂ 4♀, CNC), MD: Somerset Co., Snow Hill, 16.vii.1968, swamp margin, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 3.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The pale, narrow phallus of  Liriomyza eupatoriella closely resembles that of the much more common and widespread species  L. trifolii and  L. sativae , but the yellow posterior margin on the scutum and the rounded surstylus with two closely spaced subapical spines are distinctive. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/43A9AE04B3CF1708C7C80EB9D32DC549	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
C6EE27A071FCB5841D00A218ADD542B6.text	C6EE27A071FCB5841D00A218ADD542B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza eupatorii (Kaltenbach 1874)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza eupatorii (Kaltenbach)</p>
            <p>Figs 599-602</p>
            <p> Agromyza eupatorii Kaltenbach, 1874: 320. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza eupatorii . Hendel, 1920: 143, 1931: 217; Frick 1959: 404; Spencer 1969: 174, 1976: 245 [as synonym of  Liriomyza orbitella , designation of  Liriomyza orbitella lectotype], 1981: 230; Sehgal 1971: 333; Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 129; Lonsdale 2011: 46, 2017: 47; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 49; Papp and Cerny 2017: 209 [as synonym of  L. pusilla (Meigen)]; Eiseman et al. 2021: 25 [stat. reinst.]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza orbitella Hendel, 1931-1936: 236. Spencer 1976 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.7-2.2 mm (♂), 1.9-2.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.0-2.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.0-4.4.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three on one side); two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four irregular rows.</p>
            <p> Colouration: As described for  L. sativae except as follows: lateral margin of frons brown (not enclosing fronto-orbitals) if first flagellomere brownish on distal margin; only base of hind femur sometimes brown dorsally, or in western North America, femora brown basally and with light dorsoapical mottling (rarely with more extensive pigmentation), but less commonly with only basal markings or entirely yellow; yellow posterolateral spots on scutum sometimes large and distinct; anepisternum dark along anteroventral and ventral margins, sometimes with spot reaching base of anepisternal seta. </p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 599-602) Epandrium and surstylus as for  L. sativae . Basiphallus sclerotised along dorsoapical, left lateral and part of right lateral surfaces. Paraphallus narrow. Hypophallus small, narrow, and strongly curved. Mesophallus 1/2 width of distiphallus; mesophallus and distiphallus with complete ventral suture. Distiphallus broadly bell-shaped with sides slightly converging apically and basal margin thick and truncated. Ejaculatory apodeme with stalk narrow and blade broad with dark distal margin. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Apocynaceae -  Asclepias .  Asteraceae -  Aster ,  Baccharis ,  Eupatorium ,  Lapsana ,  Mikania ,  Solidago ,  Symphyotrichum ,  Xanthium ; possibly  Callistephus .  Lamiaceae -  Galeopsis (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Lonsdale 2011, 2017; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Putative host genera for which only leaf mines are known:  Ambrosia ,  Erigeron ,  Euthamia ,  Senecio , and  Zinnia (Eiseman et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, NB, NS, ON, QC, SK. USA: CA, DE, GA, IL, MA, MI, MS, MT, NC, NY, OK, PA, SC, TN, VA, WA, WV. Europe.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Syntypes [eupatorii]: Austria. [not given]. [Type data unknown]</p>
            <p> Lectotype [  Liriomyza orbitella ]: Finland. Esbo (1♂, NMW). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  England. Chippenham Fen., Cambs., Em., "Eup. Cann.", K.A. Spencer (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), Cornwall,  Huckett , 11.vi.1976, on  Eupatorium (1♂, USNM)  .   USA. GA: Robun Co., Addie Branch, E. Fork Chattooga River, 2400', 1.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott (1♀, USNM), MA: 4mi SW of Ashton, 3.vi.1984, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Walden Pond, Concord, 26.vii.1961, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM),  Hampshire Co. ,  South Hadley , nr. Lithia Springs Reservoir, 11.v.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Symphyotrichum cordifolium , em. 27.v.2016, #CSE2505, CNC654242- 654244 (3♂, CNC), MD:  Somerset Co. , Snowhill, 19.v.1968, swamp margin, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM),  Plummers Isl. , 8.v.1915, J.C. Crawford (1♀, USNM),  Montgomery Co. , Clarksburg, 20-22.v.1988, W.E. Steiner and J.M. Swearingen (1♂, USNM), Colesville, 14.vi.1976, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Bethseda, G. Steyskal, 4.v.1969 (3♂ 1♀, USNM), 26.v.1968 (1♀, USNM), 27.v.1972 (1♂, USNM), 26.v.1974 (1♂, USNM),  “7-12” (1♀, USNM), MS: Leland, experimental forest, 11.v.1979, K.A. Spencer (1♀, USNM), NC: Smokies, Forneys Ridge, 26.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), OK:  Payne Co. , Mehan, 23.iii.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Symphyotrichum praealtus , em. 14.iv.2016, #CSE2650, CNC653986 (1♂, CNC), PA: Spring Br., 11.vi.1945, DDT Expt. (1♀, USNM), TN:  East Ridge , 6.v.1952, O. Peck (1♀, USNM), VA: Alexandria, 29.vi.1952, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Warsaw, 26.vii.1952, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Falls Church, Holmes Run, 21.vi.1961, light trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 5.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  Giles Co. ,  Mountain lake , 7.ix.1977, G.C. Steyskal (4♂, USNM),  Great Falls , 4.v.1963, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C6EE27A071FCB5841D00A218ADD542B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
A9B178719CC7BAC956A5BB7C3BAA61AA.text	A9B178719CC7BAC956A5BB7C3BAA61AA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza fricki Spencer 1965	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza fricki Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 603-607</p>
            <p> Liriomyza fricki Spencer, 1965: 35. Spencer 1969: 175; Sehgal 1971: 333; Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 136; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Lonsdale 2011: 49, 2017: 51; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 50. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.3-2.0 mm (♂), 1.4-1.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.7-3.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.0-4.2, sometimes up to 5.1 in Canadian specimens. Scutum lightly dusted with pruinosity.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta small to absent); two ors. Acrostichal setulae in two rows (sometimes three anteriorly).</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head yellow with posterolateral margin of frons lateral to (and not touching) vertical setae yellow to brown; back of head brown dorsally; ocellar tubercle brown; clypeus brown to light brown with centre yellow. Scutum with complete lateral yellow stripe broadly overlapping margin of scutellum. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Katatergite yellow; anatergite sometimes brownish ventrally; mediotergite dark brown. Pleuron yellow with large spot on katepisternum and meron, and with small (sometimes very faint to indistinct) anteroventral spot on anepisternum and anepimeron; anepimeron sometimes brown mottled. Calypter margin brownish. Legs yellow with fore tibia and tarsi brownish, mid and hind tarsi brown, and mid and hind tibiae brown at base, apex and on dorsal surface; material from western United States with tibiae yellow with dorsum faintly brown (paler to entirely yellow on anterior legs) and tarsi only brownish on distal three segments; femora of Canadian specimens sometimes with pale dorsal streaking or with brown dorsobasal spot. Abdomen yellow with dorsum, epandrium and surstylus brown. Variation in Canadian material discussed in Lonsdale (2017).</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 603-607) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus darkly pigmented with one large and one small subapical spine. Inner surface of epandrium with one pair of dark bars with apical spine. Basiphallus broadly sclerotised along left lateral and dorsal surfaces. Swollen apical section of ejaculatory duct short, wide, and narrowed apically. Hypophallus relatively short with long apical hairs. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus narrow, cylindrical, and fused to distiphallus; mesophallus and distiphallus with ventral suture. Distiphallus large, weakly pigmented, bowl-shaped with minute internal reticulations and spinules, angled dorsally, slightly bilobed, elongate, and with one pair of short, wide membranous tubules. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed and dark with base of duct lightly sclerotised, stem narrow and blade large and thickened along margin; sclerite on sperm pump broad, dark, with thick margin.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Fabaceae -  Caragana pubescens (uncertain record; Spencer, 1969),  Lathyrus ,  Medicago ,  Melilotus ,  Oxytropis ,  Pisum ,  Trifolium ,  Vicia . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, NB, NS, NT, ON, PE, QC, SK, YT. USA: CA, MA, MD, MI, MN, NY, WA, WI, WY.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. WA: Benton Co., Prosser (1♂, Location unknown).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MA: Hampshire Co.,  Pelham , Quarry St., 6.vii.2013, em. 17.vii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Trifolium repens , #CSE709, CNC384758 (1♂, CNC). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A9B178719CC7BAC956A5BB7C3BAA61AA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
E71812BBCBE4AB0952694E3D079D97C5.text	E71812BBCBE4AB0952694E3D079D97C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza galiivora (Spencer)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza galiivora (Spencer)</p>
            <p>Figs 608-611</p>
            <p> Praspedomyza galiivora Spencer, 1969: 199. </p>
            <p> Galiomyza galiivora . Spencer 1981: 291; Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 137; Papp and  Černý 2017: 28;  Černý et al. 2020: 208. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza galiivora . Spencer &amp; Martinez, 1987: 261 (attrib. to Tschinhaus); Spencer 1987: 877, 1990: 235; Lonsdale 2017: 55; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 50. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.5-1.9 mm (♂), 1.8-1.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.7-5.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.2-9.3. Scutum shiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (rarely one); two ors; sometimes appearing as three ori and one ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body brown with first flagellomere yellow; halter white; scutellum, postpronotum and notopleuron slightly paler. Calypter margin and hairs dark.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 608-611) Epandrium relatively long and tapered ventrally, with one posteromedial and one apical tubercle. Surstylus small, subtriangular, and with two spines. Basiphallus largely membranous with dorsum lightly sclerotised. Hypophallus broad, flat, and lightly sclerotised. Distiphallus composed of narrow stem fused to similarly narrow mesophallus, with broad interfolding cup-like apex with smaller, bilobed (each lobe sclerotised medially), mostly membranous distal section. Ejaculatory apodeme with dark, gradually tapering stalk and smooth, pale blade; sclerite of sperm pump with dark rounded lateral extensions continuous with sclerotised base of duct and base of ejaculatory apodeme.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Rubiaceae -  Diodia ,  Galium (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, BC, ON, QC (puparium and reared braconid parasitoid). USA: AK, MA, MD, MN, OH, WV. Europe, Russia (  Černý et al. 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. AB: White Mud Cr., nr. Edmonton, 23.vi.1966, ex.  Galium boreale , Type No. 10421 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale (2017).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E71812BBCBE4AB0952694E3D079D97C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
AC6DD3279C3B539229B0E5A1708A9BBE.text	AC6DD3279C3B539229B0E5A1708A9BBE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza helianthi Spencer 1981	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza helianthi Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 640-644</p>
            <p> Liriomyza helianthi Spencer, 1981: 240. Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 289; Lonsdale 2011: 56, 2017: 58; Eiseman et al. 2019: 313. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza virginica Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 297. Lonsdale 2011 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.3-1.5 mm (♂), 1.5-1.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.1-3.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.0-5.3. Scutum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors (rarely three). Acrostichal setulae in four rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light yellow with ocellar tubercle, back of head, clypeus, and posterolateral region of frons to inner vertical seta (paler between verticals) dark brown. Scutum dark with complete lateral yellow stripe. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Katatergite yellow and anatergite brown with posterodorsal corner yellow; mediotergite dark brown. Anepimeron mostly brown, anepisternum with variable brown striping on ventral 1/2, meron brown with dorsal margin yellow and katepisternum brown on ventral 3/4 (yellow around base of seta). Calypter margin grey. Tibiae, tarsi, and bases of coxae brown, with tarsi and sometimes tibiae becoming paler basally; femora sometimes with very small, weak basal spot. Abdomen brown, tergites narrowly yellow posteriorly and broadly yellow laterally.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 640-644) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus with single subapical spine. Basiphallus sclerotised along left lateral and most of dorsal surfaces. Paraphallus large and well-defined, becoming broader distally and sometimes strongly clavate; sometimes not strongly widened apically and base of distiphallus slightly thicker. Hypophallus well-developed. Mesophallus short and slightly wider and darker than distiphallus base; completely fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus with complete ventral suture widening apically; gradually widening in ventral view, with broad apical chamber enclosing paired fringed structures; distiphallus straight to slightly sinuate in profile and with relative dimensions and amount of pigment slightly variable between specimens. Ejaculatory apodeme large, dark, and well-developed; stem narrow at base and blade broad; sperm pump with sclerotised bar broad, thick and wide at ends.</p>
            <p> Variation: Some material darker than  “typical” specimens described above. Sometimes with yellow lateral stripe on scutum entirely brown to mottled postsuturally; sometimes lateral margin of frons brown (sometimes also including base of ors), femora striated or darker apically (at least on fore femur), and pleuron darker, sometimes with only dorsal margin of anepisternum, katepisternum and katatergite yellow; abdomen sometimes entirely brown. Additional variation among Canadian specimens discussed in Lonsdale (2017). </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Artemisia biennis ,  Chrysogonum ,  Helianthus annuus L.,  Xanthium strumarium L.,  Ambrosia psilostachya DC,  “Nasturtium” (Spencer and Steyskal 1986; Lonsdale 2011, 2017; Eiseman et al. 2019). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada. AB, BC, MB, NB, NS, ON, QC, SK. USA. CA, CO, MD, NC, NM, OR, VA, WA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza helianthi ]: USA. CA: Stanislaus Co., Patterson, 27.ix.1948, swept on  Helianthus annuus , Lot 162-1, K.E. Frick (1♂, CASC). </p>
            <p>Holotype [virginica]: USA. VA: Patrick Co., Vesta, 2800ft, 30.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MD: Montgomery Co.,  Bethseda , 7.vii.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), NM: Cimarron, 26.v.1969, W.W. Wirth, river margin (1♂ [head missing], USNM), OR:  Lake Co. , 3.vii. 1971, 10 mi NE Christmas Valley, G. Steyskal (1♂ [head missing], USNM), WA: Kamiac Butte, 25.vii.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC6DD3279C3B539229B0E5A1708A9BBE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0CE5697A88C2F38F76B5876919F1D9D9.text	0CE5697A88C2F38F76B5876919F1D9D9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza Mik 1894	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza Mik</p>
            <p> Agrophila Lioy, 1864. Type species  Agromyza strigata Meigen, 1830 (as  Agromyza exilis Meigen 1830), by subsequent designation (Coquillett 1910). Preoccupied by Boisduval 1840 [  Noctuidae ]. Frick 1952a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza Mik, 1894: 289. Type species:  Liriomyza urophorina Mik, 1894, by monotypy. Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 107; Zlobin 1996: 277, 1999: 129; Lonsdale 2011: 18 [California], 2017: 17 [Canada]. </p>
            <p> Antineura Melander, 1913: 249. Type species:  Antineura togata Melander, 1913: 249, by original designation. Preoccupied by Osten Sacken (1881) [  Platystomatidae ]. </p>
            <p> Haplomyza Hendel, 1914: 73. Type species:  Antineura togata Melander, 1913: 250, by automatic designation. Replacement name for  Antineura . Steyskal, 1980 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Praspedomyza Hendel, 1931: 77. Type species:  Dizygomyza approximata Hendel, 1920: 135, by original designation. Nowakowski 1962 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Craspedomyza . Misspelling. Enderlein, 1936: 181. </p>
            <p> Triticomyza Blanchard, 1938: 358. Type species: cruciata Blanchard, 1938, by original designation. Frick 1952a: 397 [as syn.  Cerodontha ]; Spencer 1963: 331 [as synonym of  Cerodontha ], 1982: 25 [as syn.  Liriomyza ]. </p>
            <p> Galiomyza Spencer, 1981: 288. Type species:  Agromyza morio Brischke, 1881, by original designation. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 136; Papp and  Černý 2017: 28. Lonsdale 2017 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza is a widespread and diverse genus encountered with relative frequency. Most species can be readily diagnosed by a dark brown notum with yellow shoulders and a sharply defined yellow medial stripe on the scutellum, and sometimes a stridulatory file anterolaterally in the male abdominal membrane (Fig. 107). Much emphasis was previously placed on the presence of this stridulatory organ in the definition of  Liriomyza (von Tschirnhaus 1971), but its presence is inconsistent across the genus, difficult to observe when present, and its real phylogenetic importance is yet to be fully appreciated. Definition of the genus is unfortunately somewhat nuanced at the moment. As discussed in Lonsdale (2011, 2017) and Zlobin (1996), species of many other genera superficially resemble  Liriomyza , or are indistinguishable from  Liriomyza species externally, and a number of  Liriomyza depart from the  “typical” colour form described above. These species are either predominantly dark on the thorax and sometimes the head, such as those species previously treated as  Galiomyza , or they have reduced chaetotaxy and venation and/or pale grey pruinosity on the thorax, resembling  Haplopeodes , or they are predominantly yellow, as in some  Phytoliriomyza . The genus is presently defined solely by a male genitalic character that is consistently present: an ejaculatory duct that is both swollen and pigmented apically. A single genitalic character is clearly not ideal in the definition of a genus, and it is hoped that ongoing phylogenetic work can provide additional characters by clarifying  Liriomyza 's position with respect to related groups, ideally characters that are visible externally in both sexes. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza contains many of the most pestiferous species of  Agromyzidae , the Nearctic species of which were discussed by Lonsdale (2011), who provided a list of host genera. Of these pests, only  L. brassicae (Riley),  L. sativae Blanchard and  L. trifolii (Burgess) occur in the eastern United States. </p>
            <p> In addition to the species redescribed below, Spencer and Steyskal (1986) listed  Liriomyza endiviae Hering as occurring in Maryland and Washington State. The Maryland record is represented only by observations of empty leaf mines in  Lactuca , and since species identity cannot be verified and may have been in error,  L. endiviae is here not considered to occur in the eastern United States. All other Nearctic specimens previously identified as  L. endiviae were examined by Lonsdale (2017) and have been determined to belong to another species, most likely  L. taraxaci . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0CE5697A88C2F38F76B5876919F1D9D9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5D37D7CD3C0ADC8A4DFB561FA1DF84ED.text	5D37D7CD3C0ADC8A4DFB561FA1DF84ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza philadelphivora Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza philadelphivora Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 612-615</p>
            <p> Liriomyza philadelphivora Spencer, 1969: 182. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 291; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Lonsdale 2017: 73; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-2.0 mm (♂), 2.0-2.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.0-2.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.6-4.8. Notum shiny to subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (three on left side in holotype); two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Head yellow, with back of head (excluding margin) brown, and small medial spot on ocellar tubercle brown with stripes extending to inner margin of ocelli. Scutum dark brown with lateral margins yellow and posterior margin yellow, including large subquadrate region anterior to scutellum; posterolateral margin of brown spot with one pair of rounded extensions on each side, suggesting underlying vittate pattern similar to that seen in  L. blechi . Scutellum and metanotum yellow with mediotergite brown. Pleuron yellow with ventral 1/2 of katepisternum and meron dark brown. Calypter margin dark. Legs yellow with brownish tint on mid and hind tibiae (darker on hind leg). Abdomen yellow with epandrium and ill-defined dorsomedial stripe brown. </p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 612-615) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus with three dorsal setae and no spine; produced ventrally into long, pointed, outwardly curved process. Basiphallus sclerotised on dorsal and left lateral surfaces, with left distal margin produced past distiphallus as strong lobe. Hypophallus linear, narrow and pointed. Mesophallus narrow, dark, slightly longer than high or wide, with sides of ventral suture produced as irregular carina. Distiphallus cup-like, pale (darker laterally), widest medially and slightly compressed dorsoventrally.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Hydrangeaceae -  Philadelphus spp. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: DC, NY.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. ON: Ottawa, em. 4.vii.1962 ex.  Philadelphus (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Ottawa , Central Experimental Farm, adult on  Philadelphus sp., 8.vi.2017, O. Lonsdale, CNC799487 (1♀, CNC). Also see Lonsdale (2017)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D37D7CD3C0ADC8A4DFB561FA1DF84ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
DC232E009808FDF910C5339EC8165A01.text	DC232E009808FDF910C5339EC8165A01.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza sativae Blanchard 1938	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza sativae Blanchard</p>
            <p>Figs 22, 109, 110, 621-625</p>
            <p> Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, 1938: 354. Frick 1959: 405; Spencer 1973a: 219, 1984: 23; Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 292; Rauf et al. 2000: 257; Scheffer and Lewis 2005: 181; Lonsdale 2011: 93, 2017: 81; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 54. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza subpusilla Frost, 1943: 255 [preoccupied by Malloch, 1914]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza verbenicola Hering, 1951: 43. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza pullata Frick, 1952b: 509. Spencer 1973a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza canomarginis Frick, 1952b: 511. Spencer 1973a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza minutiseta Frick, 1952b: 512. Spencer 1973a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza propepusilla Frost, 1954: 73 [replacement name for  Liriomyza subpusilla ]. Frick 1957: 62. Steyskal 1973 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza munda Frick, 1957: 61. Spencer 1973a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza pictella (Thompson). Misidentification, in part. Frick 1957: 66. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza guytona Freeman, 1958: 344. Steyskal (1964) [as synonym of  Liriomyza munda ]. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 109, 110). Wing length 1.3-1.6 mm (♂), 1.4-1.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.6-4.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.4-5.8. Scutum shiny to subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta sometimes reduced to absent), sometimes three; two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four irregular rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Posterolateral corner of frons brown, usually fading to yellow at base of outer or inner vertical seta; few western specimens with narrow brown margin along fronto-orbital plate tapering to anterior ori; back of head above foramen, ocellar tubercle and clypeus brown; venter of gena with narrow brownish stripe that sometimes fades posteriorly; anterior margin of first flagellomere rarely appearing lightly infuscated. Scutum with complete lateral yellow stripe, sometimes with brown mottling posteriorly. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner dark brown. Katatergite sometimes with posterior margin to posterior 1/2 brown; anatergite brown; mediotergite dark brown. Pleuron yellow with ventral 2/3 of katepisternum, meron, small spot(s) on anepimeron and anteroventral corner of anepisternum brown; anepisternum sometimes predominantly brown along ventral margin; specimens from western North America sometimes darker with only dorsal 1/4 of anepisternum (as well as deep posterodorsal emargination), meron and katepisternum yellow; if only dorsal margin of anepisternum narrowly yellow (rare), lateral margin of frons infuscated, femora more extensively mottled dorsally or only yellow apically and distoventrally, lateral margin of scutum sometimes brownish postsuturally, metanotum darker and abdominal tergites entirely brown. Calypter margin grey. Legs yellow with tibiae, tarsi and bases of coxae light brown; bases or dorsal bases of hind and (less commonly) mid femora sometimes brown (if so, base of fore femur occasionally also brown); fore femur, and much less commonly mid and hind femora sometimes with outer-dorsal striations. Abdomen brown with lateral and sometimes posterior margins yellow (sometimes widely on tergite 5); epandrium dark with dorsum and perianal region usually yellowish.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 621-625) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus lobate with one apical spine. Phallophorus well-developed with high dorsum. Basiphallus sclerotised along most of left-lateral and dorsomedial surfaces, leaving distal section of duct exposed. Hypophallus linear, narrow, with several apical hairs. Paraphallus small, linear. Mesophallus separate from distiphallus, small, narrow, subcylindrical with slight ventral carina along suture. Distiphallus simple, cup-like, narrowed basally; with apical, basal, and ventral surfaces more well-sclerotised, forming weak C-shape in profile. Ejaculatory apodeme pale and with base of blade and stem relatively dark and narrow, sometimes broader apically with corners more pointed.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Host genera of the polyphagous  L. sativae are discussed in Lonsdale (2011);  Rafinesquia (  Asteraceae ) and  Astragalus (  Fabaceae ) added by Eiseman and Lonsdale (2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON (likely to be widespread in southern Canada and in greenhouses, although the cold climate will likely prevent it from ever becoming a serious pest on outdoor crops). USA: TX to CA, CO and SC, and further north in greenhouses (OH, MD, PA). Neotropics. Introduced globally throughout growing regions.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza sativae ]: Argentina. "las larvas producen galerias en las hojas de la alfalfa en General Pico, Pampa; halladas por mi excelente colabodaro Juan Williason, xi.1937", ex.  Medicago sativa (1♀, Museu de la Plata, Buenos Aries, Argentina). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza canomarginis ]: USA. HI: Oahu, Kaimuki, 12.iv.1921, O.H. Swezey, ex.  Indigofera sp. (1♀, BPBM). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza guytona ]: USA. AL: Auburn, 20.iv.1957, ex. beans, C.C. Freeman (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza minutiseta ]: USA. HI: Oahu, Honolulu, 7.ix.1951, W.C. Mitchell, ex. tomato (1♀, BPBM). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza munda ]: USA. AL: San Joaquin Co. Tracy, 22.ix.1949, L.L. Lewallen, ex. leaf of tomato (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza subpusilla ]: USA. KS: Manhattan, 14.x.1933, C.W. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza pullata ]: USA. HI: Kanoa, Molokai, 3.iii.1929, O.H. Swezey, ex.  Datura sp. (1♀, BPBM). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza verbenicola ]: USA. NM: Las Cruces, ex.  Verbena sp. (1♀, ZMHU). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Additional aterial examined.</p>
            <p> Costa Rica. San Rafael de Oro de Aqua, 3.ii.1982, ex. beans, 1.iii.1982, K.A. Spencer (1♂ 1♀, USNM). USA. CA: San Diego Co., Coyote Canyon, 9.iii.2017, em. 2.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Lupinus arizonicus , #CSE3351, CNC940107 (1♂, CNC), Tubb Canyon, 11.iii.2017, em. 28.iii-6.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Rafinesquia neomexicana , #CSE3311, CNC940098, CNC940099 (2♂, CNC), CO: Pitkin Co., Redstone, Avalanche Creek, near Rte. 133, 12.vii.2015, em. 25.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Astragalus cicer , #CSE1832, CNC564629 (1♂, CNC), FL: Floral Acres, Inc., "on  Chrysantemum leaves", 2.ii.1965, intercepted at San Juan, P.R., J. Lojo (1♂, USNM), Ruskin, 15.i.1945, English pea (2♂ 2♀, USNM), GA: Tifton, reared from Lupine leaf, G.R. Manglitz, 6.iv.1955 (1♀, USNM), 27.iv.1955 (2♀, USNM), 28.iv.1955 (1♂ 3♀, USNM), 2.v.1955 (3♂ 2♀, USNM), HI: Maui, Omaopio, 4.iii.1966, ex. tomato, N. Miyahira (2♂, USNM), LA: Chase, tomato leaf mine (1♀, USNM), MD: Montgomery Co., Colesville, 4.ix.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), OH: Medina Co., reared from greenhouse tomato leaves, 23.vii.1963, R.B. Neiswander (4♂ 5♀, USNM), VA: Giles Co., Mountain Lake Biol Stn., 37°22'31"N, 80°31'18"W, Mal. over pond inflow, 23-30.v.2005, S.A. Marshall (1♂, DEBU), WY: Red Gulch Road, Hwy. 14 nr. Shell, pans in barren area nr. cottonwds., cow dung, J.E. Swann (1♂, DEBU). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC232E009808FDF910C5339EC8165A01	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
9E06667CED4D3CC15CFF7DF0CFD7DD98.text	9E06667CED4D3CC15CFF7DF0CFD7DD98.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza temperata Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza temperata Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 626-631</p>
            <p> Liriomyza temperata Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 294. Lonsdale 2017: 94. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>[from Lonsdale (2017)]. Wing length 2.4 mm (♂), 2.1-2.7 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein CuA1 divided by penultimate section: 2.1-2.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.8-6.9 [head missing in holotype]. Scutum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Calypter margin brown. Head yellow with ocellar triangle and back of head dark brown; lateral corner of frons dark brown, becoming paler to base of outer vertical seta; clypeus dark brown with centre sometimes paler. Scutum with complete yellow stripe laterally. Lateral corner of scutellum with small brown spot. Katatergite brown posteriorly; anatergite brown with dorsum yellow; mediotergite dark brown. Anepisternum with brown stripe across ventral 1/2; anepimeron yellow with brown streaking (paler posteriorly); meron brown with dorsum yellow; ventral 2/3 of katepisternum brown. Legs yellow with bases of coxae brown, tibiae, and tarsi brown (anterior legs paler); hind femur sometimes brown dorsobasally, and if so, fore and mid femora sometimes also similarly brown. Abdomen dark brown with lateral margin of tergites yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 630, 631) Surstylus broad with two long posterobasal spines (not apical to subapical). Phallophorus with long, narrow dorsal process that is sharply bent ventrally. Basiphallus with left lateral and dorsoapical surfaces sclerotised. Hypophallus short with long subapical hairs. Paraphallus pale and narrow with venter darker. Mesophallus short, thick-walled dorsally, narrowed basally and distally; mesophallus and distiphallus with complete ventral suture. Distiphallus cup-shaped, slightly compressed dorsoventrally towards darkened base; with few spines along distal margin of shallow medial and apical chambers. Ejaculatory apodeme with narrow stem and clear marginal band; sclerite of sperm pump highly reduced.</p>
            <p>Variation: (Figs 626-629) Non-type males differ as follows: wing length 1.9-2.2 mm; eye height divided by gena height 6.7-8.0; two ori and ors; femora entirely yellow; stripe on anepisternum sometimes narrower; extension on the left distal margin of the basiphallus shorter and narrower; paraphallus slightly thicker; mesophallus ~ 1/3 shorter; distiphallus higher, stouter, with more conspicuously delimited short medial chamber and with base broader (apparently shorter with more rounded base in illustration in original publication, but this may be an artifact); ejaculatory apodeme more weakly sclerotised marginally on blade and not more heavily sclerotised on lateral margin of blade furthest from duct; sclerite of sperm pump weaker and not produced laterally.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: NC, TN, VA.</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale (2017).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E06667CED4D3CC15CFF7DF0CFD7DD98	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
95C57FF102AA1CA7C30CAE752D7EFDD6.text	95C57FF102AA1CA7C30CAE752D7EFDD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza trifoliearum Spencer 1973	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza trifoliearum Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 632-635</p>
            <p> Liriomyza pictella . Misidentification. Frick 1959: 408. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza trifoliearum Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 107. Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 296; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Lonsdale 2011: 104, 2017: 96; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 56. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-2.3 mm (♂), 1.8-2.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.5-4.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.8-3.2. Scutum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three on one side); two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four or five irregular rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head mostly yellow; ocellar triangle, back of head, clypeus and posterolateral margin of frons to base of inner vertical seta dark brown; fronto-orbital plate brown to base of posterior or anterior ors (fading anteriorly), or with light mottling at base of setae; face light brown to yellow; posteroventral margin of gena with narrow brownish stripe; first flagellomere sometimes with distal margin infuscated. Scutum with complete lateral yellow stripe that is sometimes brown posteriorly. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Metanotum brown, usually with katatergite partially yellow dorsally. Pleuron brown with dorsal 1/4 or less of anepisternum, mottling on anepimeron, dorsal margin of meron and dorsal or dorsomedial margin of katepisternum yellow; katepisternal seta usually enclosed by brown but sometimes on yellow border. Calypter margin and hairs dark. Coxae (sometimes excluding apex to distal 2/3 of fore coxa), tibiae and tarsi brown; base of femora brown (sometimes only dorsally in eastern material or with mid femur entirely yellow), remainder of segment variably patterned, but usually paler on fore or mid femora, and infrequently entirely brown with only apex and anteroventral surface yellow. Abdomen brown, sometimes with posterior margin of tergites 2-5 yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 632-635) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus slightly narrowing distally and with two subapical spines with outer spine slightly smaller. Apical membrane of basiphallus produced into one pair of pointed paraphalli. Hypophallus absent or present as small offset sclerotised plate. Mesophallus slightly longer than wide, most heavily sclerotised laterally and dorsally; mesophallus and distiphallus with complete ventral suture. Distiphallus short, entirely divided medially with halves narrow, weakly sclerotised apically and with several inner-marginal points. Ejaculatory apodeme narrow and poorly developed with venter of sperm pump broadly sclerotised.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Cleomaceae -  Cleome .  Fabaceae -  Coronilla ,  Lupinus ,  Medicago ,  Phaseolus ,  Pisum ,  Securigera ,  Trifolium .  Lamiaceae -  Trichostema .  Malvaceae -  Eremalche .  Solanaceae -  Solanum . (Lonsdale 2011, 2017; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018) </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, NB, NS, ON, PE, QC, SK. USA: AZ, CA, DE, FL, MA, MD, NM, NY, OH, OR, PA, UT, VA, WA, WI, WV.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. FL: Gainesville, 24.iv.1964, ex.  Trifolium repens , D.H. Habeck (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. CA: Lake Co.,  McLaughlin Natural Reserve , 18.iv.2016, E. LoPresti,  Trichostema laxum , em. 1-4.v.2016, #CSE2437, CNC654495, CNC654496 (2♂, CNC), FL: Gainesville, R.N. Wilson (1♂, USNM), MD:  Montgomery Co. , Colesville, 4.vi.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Colesville, 4.ix.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), OR:  Mt. Hood , Hoods Rapids, 29.vii.1921, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  Lake Co. , 9mi SE Fort Rock, 3.vii.1971, G. Steyskal (2♂, USNM), UT:  Timpanogos Mt. , 25.vi.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  
Salt 
Lake Laboratory , 22.viii.1913, L.P. Rockwood (1♂ 2♀, USNM),  Salt Lake , C.N. Ainslie, 15.vii.1912, reared from  Agromyza mines (3♂ 3♀, USNM),  Salt Lake , C.N. Ainslie, reared from alfalfa leaf mines, "May 11" (1♂, USNM),  Salt Lake , C.N. Ainslie, 2.ix.1912, reared from alfalfa mine (1♀, USNM), Salt Lake, T.H. Parks (1♂ 2♀, USNM), WA: Eusum, 28.vi.1917, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/95C57FF102AA1CA7C30CAE752D7EFDD6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4D1400B63540FAE7866891C30D3507B8.text	4D1400B63540FAE7866891C30D3507B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)</p>
            <p>Figs 111, 112, 636-639</p>
            <p> Oscinis trifolii Burgess, 1880: 201. </p>
            <p> Agromyza trifolii . Coquillett, 1898: 78; Malloch 1913: 278 [as synonym of  Agromyza pusilla Meigen]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza trifolii . De Meijere, 1925: 282; Hendel 1931: 213; Frick 1952a: 405, 1959: 410; Spencer 1965: 37 [neotype designation], 1973a: 226, 1984: 25; Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 296; Scheffer and Lewis 2006: 991; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Lonsdale 2011: 106, 2017: 97; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 56; Monteiro et al. 2019: 173; Eiseman et al. 2021: 32. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza phaseolunata Frost, 1943: 256. Frick 1952a: 404, 1959: 408. Spencer and Steyskal 1986 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza alliovora Frick, 1955: 88. Frick 1959: 401. Spencer 1973a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 111, 112). Wing length 1.2-1.7 mm (♂), 1.5-1.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.7-3.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-3.0. Scutum with light greyish pruinosity, rarely subshiny. First flagellomere rounded or with slight anterodorsal angle.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Acrostichal setulae in two to four scattered rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head yellow with back of head above foramen, ocellar tubercle, clypeus, and posterolateral margin of frons (not reaching base of outer vertical seta) brown. Scutum with complete lateral yellow stripe. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Metanotum brown with sclerites lateral to scutellum paler, sometimes with katatergite entirely yellow. Pleuron yellow with large ventral spots on katepisternum (not including seta base) and meron, and anepisternum and anepimeron with small anteroventral spots. Calypter margin and hairs brownish. Legs yellow with base of fore coxa sometimes brown, fore femur sometimes with dorsal mottling, base of mid and hind femora sometimes partially brown dorsally, and tibiae and tarsi brown (paler on fore legs). Abdomen brown with lateral margin broadly yellow and posterior margin of tergites (1)2-4 yellow; tergites 2-4 sometimes with yellow posteromedial emargination (sometimes forming complete line on tergite 4) and tergite 6 with anteromedial spot; epandrium brown, often with dorsum light brown to yellow; tergite 2 sometimes yellow along midline in females; if male abdomen entirely brown (some South American material), only two rows of acrostichal setulae present and most of anepisternum brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 636-639) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus subtriangular, apex slightly truncated and with small inner-distal spine. Basiphallus sclerotised along left lateral margin and partially along dorsal margin; largely recessed distally where swollen section of ejaculatory duct dominates. Paraphallus narrow, weakly sclerotised. Hypophallus small, narrow. Mesophallus narrow, pale, slightly longer than wide and weakly fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus small, cup-shaped with subapical constriction; apex with characteristic minute triangular-shaped sclerotisations. Ejaculatory apodeme small with base curved and apex relatively narrow and clear; sperm pump with transverse sclerotisation.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Widespread throughout the Americas, Europe, and Asia.</p>
            <p>Known hosts.</p>
            <p> Host genera are listed in Lonsdale (2011);  Abronia (  Nyctaginaceae ) and  Mecardonia (  Plantaginaceae ) were added by Eiseman and Lonsdale (2018) and Eiseman et al. (2021), respectively. </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Neotype [trifolii]: USA. IN: Lafayette, from Alfalfa, 3.ix.1913, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza phaseolunata ]: USA. NJ: Bridgeton, 24.viii.1942, B.B. Pepper (1♂, Lost). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Liriomyza alliovora ]: USA. IA: Ames, 8.vi.1932, H.M. Harris, ex. leaf of onion (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Bermuda. Devonshire, Par., Devonshire  Marsh , 20.ix.1987, D.J. Hilburn, N.E. Woodley (1♂, USNM), Pembroke Par., Admirality House Park, 15.xi.1987, D.J. Hilburn, N.E. Woodley (1♂, USNM)  .   USA. CA: Imperial Co., Algodones Dunes, along Rte. 78, 7.iii.2017, em. 19.iii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Abronia villosa , #CSE3250, CNC940076 (1♂, CNC), DE: Gumboro, 2.viii.1952, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Rehoboth, 2.viii.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), FL:  Lake Co. , Alexander Springs, 26.iii.2013, em. 12-20.iv.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Hydrocotyle verticillata , #CSE275, CNC358471 (1♂, CNC), MD: Laurel,  Chrysanthemum , 31.i.1962 (10♂ 18♀, USNM),  Montgomery Co. , Colesville, 28.v.1977 (1♀, USNM), Colesville, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth, 26.vi.1977 (2♀, USNM), 30.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), 4.ix.1977 (1♂, USNM), MI: Mio, 29.v.1937, H. Milliron (1♀, USNM), NC:  Scotland Co. , Laurinburg,  St. Andrews University , 2.vi.2015, em. 20.vi.2015, T.S. Feldman, ex  Trifolium repens , #CSE1633, CNC564626 (1♂, CNC), NV:  Clark Co. , Charleston Peak, Kyle Canyon, ca 2200 m, 14.vii.1966, P.H. Arnaud, Jr. (1♀, CASC), NY:  Orange Co. , Florida, L.L. Pechuman, reared October, leaf miner on celery (1♂, USNM), OH: Wooster, 10.v.1972, ex. celery leaves, J.P. Sleesman (3♂ 3??, USNM), VA:  Northampton Co. , Kiptopeke, 4-6.x.1986, W.E. Steiner et al., Malaise trap, dunes between cliff and beach (3♀, USNM). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D1400B63540FAE7866891C30D3507B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
CB8268F8B2F85EDCC9F560C8A512D0F4.text	CB8268F8B2F85EDCC9F560C8A512D0F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liriomyza violivora (Spencer)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Liriomyza violivora (Spencer)</p>
            <p>Figs 116, 117, 645-652</p>
            <p> Galiomyza violivora Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 298; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza violivora . Lonsdale, 2017: 101; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 59. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 116, 117, 652). Wing length 1.7-2.2 mm (♂), 1.8-2.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.9-2.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.5-3.4. Face and centre of frons soft. Fronto-orbital plate visible laterally and slightly projecting anteriorly. Clypeus broad anteriorly. Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two to three ori; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae as long as ors. Orbital setulae dark, pronounced and reclinate. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly with anterior two subequal. Acrostichal setulae in four scattered rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light brown to dirty yellow, with clypeus, palpus, back of head, face, and lower margin of gena (very dark and shiny) brown; lunule darker ventrally, broad and shallow; frons yellow with fronto-orbital plate dark brown; first flagellomere brownish to brown with dorsum darker and base yellowish (paler on inner surface); entire antenna dark brown in USA specimens. Scutum with complete yellow lateral stripe. Scutellum and metanotum dark brown. Pleuron brown with sutures yellowish (widest on anepimeron). Calypter margin and hairs dark. Legs brown with femora apices light brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 645-651) Epandrium with single spine (sometimes two on one side). Surstylus without spine, completely fused to epandrium. Basiphallus sclerotised on dorsal and left lateral surfaces, and with narrow sclerotised extension on right lateral surface; left and right apical margins produced into narrow extensions. Hypophallus membranous. Mesophallus cylindrical, approximately as long as, but narrower than swollen section of ejaculatory duct. Paraphallus narrow basally but broadly expanded apically and with inner margin arched inwards and narrowly fused to ventral suture on mesophallus. Distiphallus 1/2 length of mesophallus, darker than mesophallus, and entirely bifid with halves cup-shaped, tapering to base and with several minute spinules on inner surface. Ejaculatory apodeme with narrow blade expanding from short stem; sperm pump with hemispherical sclerotisation.</p>
            <p>Variation: Dorsal margin of anepisternum yellow in Canadian specimens. USA specimens with fore coxa yellow and scutellum sometimes mostly to entirely dark brown.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Violaceae -  Viola . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB. USA: MD, MS, NC, NY, OH, PA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MS: Washington Co., Leland, emerged 4.vi.1979, G. McMinn (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. OH: Delaware Co., Sunbury,  Monkey Hollow Rd. , 17.ix.2014, em. 8.x.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Viola pubescens , #CSE1395, CNC384890 (1♀, CNC), em. 23.iii.2015, #CSE1482, CNC654470 (1♂, CNC). Also s ee Lonsdale (2017)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB8268F8B2F85EDCC9F560C8A512D0F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
35CBDD07B457D73209D170D6BA234BA9.text	35CBDD07B457D73209D170D6BA234BA9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza angelicae (Frost)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza angelicae (Frost)</p>
            <p>Figs 257-260</p>
            <p> Agromyza angelicae Frost, 1934: 40. Frick 1952: 377, 1959: 362; Steyskal 1981: 38; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 24. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.8-3.2 mm (♂), 3.2-3.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.1-5.6. Clypeus broadly rounded. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate subshiny, ill-defined, extending slightly past posterior ori. Fronto-orbital plate slightly visible laterally (more pronounced in male). Gena rounded, highest behind midpoint of eye.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Four ori with anterior seta strongly reduced to absent, and posterior seta sometimes appearing as third ors; two ors. Orbital setulae erect, in two, sometimes three irregular rows, sometimes with several reclinate, but becoming proportionately more proclinate anteriorly; widely spaced from eye margin. Eye pilose dorsomedially. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Gena, parafacial, distal margin of pedicel and inner-distal margin of fronto-orbital plate paler. Notum with faint greenish metallic shine (faded anteriorly). Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen metallic green.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 257-260) Epandrium shallow dorsally, with small posterodistal spine. Surstylus ~ 3/5 length distal region of epandrium, with broad distal margin shallowly angled; with several dense, irregular rows of tubercle-like setae on inner surface. Metepiphallus with several small spines on thickened venter and broad spinulose ridge on thickened lateral section. Proepiphallus short and U-shaped. Basiphallus U-shaped with dorsum broad, separated from mesophallus by several times its own height. Distiphallus relatively small with base not exceeding that of mesophallus; ventrolateral tubules small, inconspicuous; swollen basal section longer than flatter plate-like distoventral region, which has sides gradually narrowed.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Angelica atropurpurea , possibly other  Angelica spp. (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DE*, MD*, NY, OH.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. NY: Ithaca, [reared as a stem borer on  Angelica atropurpurea ], A.S. Mills (1♂, USNM). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p>. USA. NY: Same data as holotype, 26.iii.1926 (1♀, USNM), 27.iii.1926 (1♂, USNM), 29.iii.1926 (1♀, USNM), 16.iv.1926 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 17.iv.1926 (2♂, USNM), 21.iv.1926 (1♀, USNM), [no date] (2♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. DE:  Wilmington , 9.vi.1974 (2♂, UDCC), MD: Cabin John, 20.vi.1931, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co., Bethseda, 28.iv.1968, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, 3.vi.1984, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), OH: 3 mi. E Streetboro, 20.iii.1970, Biol Note No. 17-1, D. Witwer (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), Biol Note No. 17-6 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), Biol Note No. 17-11 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), Biol Note No. 17-12 (1♀ [with puparium], USNM), Biol Note No. 17-13 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza angelicae is only known from the eastern United States. Previous records from the western United States and Europe have been determined to belong to other  Melanagromyza (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p> Similar described species with a wide space between the basiphallus and meso/distiphallus include  Melanagromyza hicksi Steyskal, collected in Ontario and New York and reared fom  Althaea rosea ; this species is very robust-bodied, has four or five ori, a gena 1/5-1/4 eye height, a mesophallus that projects further basally past the base of the distiphallus, and a distiphallus that is more strongly tapered apically (Steyskal 1981: fig. 1).  Melanagromyza lomatii Steyskal is known from Oregon and was reared from  Lomatium nudicaule , and is of a similar size with a similarly high gena; this species has four or five ori, the facial carina is slightly pronounced and wide, the notum and abdomen have a faint bluish shine, the calypter margin and hairs are brown, and the distiphallus is relatively short and stout, and while strongly tapered in lateral view, it is broad and truncated in ventral view (Steyskal 1981: fig. 4).  Melanagromyza panacis Steyskal is known from Indiana and Ohio, and has been reared from  Panax quinquefoilus ; it is slightly smaller (2.5-2.8 mm), the phallus is proportionally shorter, and the distiphallus is slightly larger and stouter with slightly less space between its base and the slightly stouter basiphallus. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/35CBDD07B457D73209D170D6BA234BA9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0D86DB64A207FAC8C47CB30556D18A77.text	0D86DB64A207FAC8C47CB30556D18A77.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza brunkei Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza brunkei sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 261-263</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  M. eoflacensis , except as follows: three ori; wing length 2.6-3.0 mm (♂); fronto-orbital plate ending at anterior ors or posterior ori; eye height divided by gena height 3.8-4.8; head very dark brown, without slightly paler brown regions excluding very narrow inner margin of fronto-orbital plate; notum more evenly greenish and with matching, but brighter abdomen; VA male with additional medial dorsocentral on left side as long as anterior dorsocentral; mid tibia with one long and one shorter seta posteromedially; dorsomedial bulge on distiphallus less prominent, and seen laterally, gradually tapering to apex, not abruptly narrowed; seen ventrally, distiphallus with stouter, more prominent narrow plates flanking distomedial tube (Figs 262, 263). </p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific name is a patronym for the collector of the holotype.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IN, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Giles Co., Ripplemead, Rte 460 bridge, 37°19'43"N, 80°40'48"W, 11-25.v.2008, A. Brunke, debu00304024 (1♂, DEBU).</p>
            <p>Paratype: USA. IN: Vincennes, v-6, swept from wint. wheat (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza brunkei is difficult to differentiate from  M. eoflacensis , but there are subtle external differences and the genitalia are clearly different when viewed side-by-side, with the profile of the distiphallus being especially diagnostic (see key). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D86DB64A207FAC8C47CB30556D18A77	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D70EF9192F909A0AB18D5A4A344761D4.text	D70EF9192F909A0AB18D5A4A344761D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza buccalis Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Melanagromyza buccalis Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 52, 53, 264-268</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza buccalis Spencer, 1969: 67. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 243; Shi and Gaimari 2015: 10; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 17. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (Figs 52, 53). Wing length 1.9-2.4 mm (♂), 2.2-2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.9-5.6. Gena relatively broad and curved anteriorly with highest point anterior to midpoint of eye. Clypeus slightly truncated to rounded anteromedially. Face with narrow, shallow ridge. Fronto-orbital plate sometimes slightly to moderately swollen medially, narrowed anteriorly and with setae slightly inset (similar to species in  M. virens group). Ocellar triangle short, nearly equilateral and with anterior point open. </p>
            <p> Chaetotaxy: Two to four ori, but if only two ori, then ori sometimes widely spaced as in  M. virens group; two ors. Orbital setulae short, in two to three irregular rows, erect to reclinate with inner row partially inclinate. Eye pilose dorsomedially. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae. </p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate sometimes light brown. Scutum brown with sometimes indistinct greenish shine. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen metallic green, or less commonly, coppery-green.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 264-268) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Metepiphallus with several clustered spine-like ventral projections and numerous narrow lateral ridges. Proepiphallus V-shaped. Basiphallus U-shaped. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by slightly less than length of basiphallus; base of distiphallus and mesophallus level; distiphallus narrow, long, with sides parallel, with short, thick dorsomedial lobe, and one pair of internal spinulose patches; distolateral plate forming conspicuous, dark oblique band. Ejaculatory apodeme subovate with stem reduced and margin clear.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown, but Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) speculated  Asteraceae , and Shi and Gaimari (2015) reported one instance of rearing from an unknown legume in California; some adults collected around a variety of families including  Apiaceae ,  Salicaceae ,  Rutaceae ,  Hydrangeaceae ,  Rosaceae and  Asteraceae (Shi and Gaimari 2015; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018), and  Baccharis (  Asteraceae ) from Maryland. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: MB*, NB*, ON, QC. USA: AZ, CA, CO, DE*, GA*, IA*, IL*, IN*, MA, MD, MO, NC*, NH*, NJ*, NM*, NY, PA*, TN*, VA, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. QC: Lake Bernard, 7.viii.1938, G.E. Shewell, CNC258290 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p> Paratypes: Canada. NS: Truro, 8.vii.1913, CNC Type No. 10360, CNC358296 (1♂, CNC), ON: Mer Bleue, 3.vi.1938, A.R. Brooks, CNC358295 (1♂, CNC), Osgoode, 18.vi.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358292, CNC358322 (1♂,1♀, CNC), Ottawa, 2mi E, Cyrville Road, 31.v.1965, B.V. Peterson, CNC358321 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, CEF, on larch, 3.viii.1962, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358302 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 20.vi.1954, D. Cobb, CNC358298, CNC358303, CNC358305, CNC358309, CNC358312 (5♂, CNC), 25.viii.1908, J.M. Fletcher, CNC358299 (1♂, CNC), 7.x.1947, G.E. Shewell, CNC358307 (1♂, CNC), 9.vi.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358300, CNC358311 (2♂, CNC), Simcoe, 15.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC358301 (1♂, CNC), 19.vi.1939, CNC358319 (1♀, CNC), 20.vi.1939, CNC358310 (1♂, CNC), 22.vi.1939, CNC358308 (1♂, CNC), 23.vi.1939, CNC358320 (1♀, CNC), 4.vi.1939, CNC358306 (1♂, CNC), Spencerville, 14.viii.1939, Hammond, en copulae, CNC358316 (2♂♀, CNC), QC: Wakefield, 20.vi.1946, G.S. Walley, CNC358291 (1♂, CNC), Abbotsford, 22.vi.1937, G. Shewell, CNC358293 (1♂, CNC), Hull, 25.ix.1923, C.H. Curran, CNC358294 (1♂, CNC), Knowlton, 1.viii.1929, L.J. Milne, en copulae, CNC358314 (2♂♀, CNC),  L’Assumption , 7.viii.1936, Shewell, CNC358304, CNC358313, CNC358315, CNC358318 (2♂ 4♂♀, CNC), Lac Bernard, 7.viii.1938, G.E. Shewell, CNC358317 (1♀, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. MB: Aweme, 20.viii.1917, N. Criddle, CNC358381 (1♀, CNC), 27.viii.1917, CNC358382 (1♀, CNC), NB: Pokeshaw, 47°47'N, 65°14'W, 27-30.vi.2011, S.E. Brooks, Malaise trap, CNC423058 (1♂, CNC), Saint-Jacques NB Botanical Garden, 47°26'20"N, 68°23'39"W, 27.vii.2013, O. Lonsdale, CNC358505 (1♀, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 20.vi.1954, D. Cobb, CNC358325 (1♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, Grenadier I. Centre, 14.viii.1975, R.J. McMillan, Malaise trap, Code 2-263D, CNC358379 (1♀, CNC), 21.viii.1975, Code 2-278S, CNC358380 (1♀, CNC), Thornhill, 30.v.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358326 (1♂, CNC), QC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -68.394165/lat 47.43889)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-68.394165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.43889">St. Ann-Perade</a>
                 , 6.viii.1930, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Montreal, 8.viii.1950, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  .   USA. AZ: Chiricahua Mts., S.W.R.S., 5400', 30.iv.1979, K.N. Barber (2♂, DEBU), CA: Victorville, 16.v.1955, W.R.M. Mason, CNC358467 (1♂, CNC),  “UpStaAnaRiv” , Cienaga, 28.v.1948, J.L. Sperry (1♀, USNM), Vacaville, 19.iv.1949, A.T. McClay (1♀, USNM), Davis, 14.vi.1953, E.I. Schlinger (1♂, USNM), Toulumne Co., Summit Sonora Pass, 9.viii.1948, sweeping  Salix eastwoodiae Ckll., Lot No. 108-1, K.E. Frick (3♂, USNM), Summit Sonora Pass, 10.viii.1948, Lot No. 116-1, K.E. Frick (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">San Diego Co.</a>
                 , Warmer Spr., 30.viii.1955, E.I. Schlinger (1♂, USNM), Berkeley, 9.vii.1917, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), 8.vii.1917 (2♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Hemet Lake</a>
                 , 13.vi.1961, 500', J.G. Chillcott, CNC358533 (1♂, CNC), CO: Boulder, Valmont Butte, 1615 m, 1.vi.1961, J.R. Stainer, CNC358378 (1♀, CNC), Idaho Springs, 5mi SW, 2621 m, 27.v.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358324 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Mt. Vernon Cn.</a>
                 nr. Golden, 2194 m, 31.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC358468 (1♂, CNC), DC: Washington, "C 1 Aug 1956 ", P.H. Arnaud Jr. (1♂, USNM), Washington,  “viii.5” , J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Washington, 17.viii.1915, A.L. Melander (1♂ 1♀, USNM), Chain Bridge, 8.v.1928, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), DE: Dover, 24.vi.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Newark, 31.v.1974 (1♀, UDCC), Newark, 25.viii.1974, D. Buntin (1♀, UDCC), GA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Pine Mt.</a>
                 , 1mi North, 12.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358347 (1♀, CNC), Rabun Bald, 9.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358355-358357 (3♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Rabun Co.</a>
                 , 13.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358354 (1♀, CNC), Warwoman Crk., 4.vi.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358358 (1♀, CNC), IA: Ames, 19.vi.1947, A.R. Brooks, CNC358461 (1♀, CNC), 28.vi.1947, CNC358458 (1♂, CNC), IL: Champaign, 1.vi.1953, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358460 (1♀, CNC), 22.ix.1956, CNC358459 (1♂, CNC), IN: LaFayette, vi-10, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), vii-10 (1♂, USNM), x-14 (1♀, USNM), MA: New Bedford, 30.viii.1896, Mass, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Horse Neck Beach, 8.viii.1896, Hough, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Dennisport, C. Cod, 1.viii.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358535 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Franklin Co.</a>
                 , Northfield, 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 20.viii.2016, mating on  Erigeron annuus , #CSE2916, CNC654071, CNC654072 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , 20.vii.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Talbot Co.</a>
                 , McDaniel (Wades Point), 19-21.ix.1986, Malaise trap in salt marsh with flowering  Baccharis , W.E. Steiner (2♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Dead Run, 14.v.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Colesville, W.W. Wirth, 27.vii.1976 (1♀, USNM), 28.vii.1976 (2♀, USNM), Bethseda, C.W. Sabrosky, 24.vii.1961 (1♀, USNM), Bethseda, G.C. Steyskal, 10.vii.1970 (1♂, USNM), 16.vii.1979 (1♂, USNM), 24.viii.1975 (4♂ 1♀, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, G.F. and J.F. Hevel, 1.ix.1981, Malaise trap (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 24.vii.1982 (3♀, USNM), 15.viii.1982 (2♀, USNM), 19.v.1985 (1♀, USNM), 29.v.1986 (2♀, USNM), 31.v.1986 (1♀, USNM), 5.vi.1986 (1♀, USNM), P.G. Co, Camp Springs, Malaise trap, G.F. Hevel, 28.viii.1979 (1♀, USNM), 6.ix.1979 (1♀, USNM), 14.ix.1979 (1♀, USNM), 15.ix.1979 (2♀, USNM), NC: Highlands, 3800', 21.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358534 (1♂, CNC), Cashiers, 12.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358351-358353 (3♀, CNC),  Clingman’s Dome, 5.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358350 (1♀, CNC), Highlands, Horse Cove, 30.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358349 (1♀, CNC), Highlands,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Little Bear Pen Mt.</a>
                 , 5.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358348 (1♀, CNC), Highlands, 14.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358331 (1♂, CNC), 16.viii.1957, CNC358359, CNC358360 (2♀, CNC), 1158 m, 17.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358344 (1♀, CNC), 18.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358339 (1♂, CNC), 1158 m, 21.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358328 (1♂, CNC), 21.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358327, CNC358329, CNC358330 (3♂, CNC), 1158 m, 21.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358343 (1♀, CNC), W.R. Richards, CNC358361-358366 (6♀, CNC), 22.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358367-358370 (4♀, CNC), 1158 m, 23.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358338 (1♂, CNC), W.R. Richards, CNC358371 (1♀, CNC), 27.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358372, CNC358373 (2♀, CNC), 29.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC358332 (1♂, CNC), 1158 m, 3.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358345, CNC358346 (2♀, CNC), 5.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358333-358337, CNC358340-358342 (5♂ 3♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Macon Co.</a>
                 , Wayah Gap, 1249 m, 29.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358374 (1♀, CNC), NH: Gorham, 15.vii.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358462 (1♀, CNC), Fabyan, 30.vi.1936, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), NJ:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Hemlock Falls</a>
                 , Aug, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), NM:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Grant Co.</a>
                 , ca. 20 mi n. Silver City, 32°57'N, 108°10'W, 7100', meadow, creek, 11.viii.2007, J.D. King, CNC358528 (1♂, CNC), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Trudeau</a>
                 , 15.vii.1977, S.W.T. Batra (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Long Island</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Cold Spring Harbor</a>
                 , July, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Susquehanna Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Rushboro</a>
                 , 12.v.1964, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358465 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Chester Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Toughkenamon</a>
                 , Stroud Res. Ctr., 39°51'37", 75°46'58", 14.ix.2007, E. Lake (2♂, UDCC), nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Toughkenamon</a>
                 , Stroud Res. Ctr., N 39 51 37.2, W75 46 58.2 (1♀, UDCC), 14.ix.2007, C.R. Bartlett (1♀, UDCC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Oxford</a>
                 , 3.ix.2000, Malaise trap, R.L. Snyder (1♀, UDCC), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Knoxville</a>
                 , 20.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358375 (1♀, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Augusta Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Reed's
Gap
</a>
                 , 792 m, 7.iv.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358466 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Blacksburg</a>
                 , 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358376 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Christiansburg</a>
                 , ex flowers  Umbelliferae , 21.vi.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358377 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Montomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Longshop</a>
                 , 548 m, 29.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358323 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Arlington</a>
                 4-mile  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Run</a>
                 , 18.v.1977, W.N. Mathis (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Veitch</a>
                 , 9.v.1912, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Great Falls</a>
                 ,  “vi-1” , G.E. Quinter (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Falls Church</a>
                 , Holmes Run, W.W. Wirth, 27.vii.1960 (1♂, USNM), 6.vi.1961, light trap (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Alexandria</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Four Mile Run</a>
                 , 6.ix.1976, W.N. Mathis (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Page Co.</a>
                 , 7mi W of Lunay, 8.vii.1978, G.F. Hevel (2♀, USNM), WV:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Greenbrier Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Charmco</a>
                 , 6.ix.1983, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), WV:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -108.166664/lat 32.95)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-108.166664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.95">Thermopolis</a>
                 , 30.viii.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza buccalis is a relatively abundant species most easily recognised by its angled gena, which is highest anterior to the midpoint of the eye. The distiphallus (dark distal outer casing and one pair of dark dorsolateral projections) is also diagnostic. Some specimens, even within collecting events, differ from others in being relatively dark or with a swollen fronto-orbital plate that may be accompanied by widely spaced ori, similar to the state observed in the  M. virens group. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D70EF9192F909A0AB18D5A4A344761D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4268CDBC85367ACB2AFC06DE55203765.text	4268CDBC85367ACB2AFC06DE55203765.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza burgessi (Malloch 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza burgessi (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 269-271</p>
            <p> Agromyza burgessi Malloch, 1913a: 323. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza burgessi . Frick 1952: 378 [as synonym  M. lappae (Loew)], 1953: 69, 1959: 363; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 244; Shi and Gaimari 2015: 14. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza malefica Spencer, 1981: 46. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.7-3.1 mm (♂), 2.9-3.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.2-3.0. Gena strongly angled, highest posteriorly. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial projecting and conspicuous, obscuring base of antenna (seen laterally) and continuing under eye as cheek; fronto-orbital plate well-developed, setae slightly inset. Clypeus strongly bowed laterally with anterior margin shallowly rounded to slightly truncated medially. Ocellar triangle subshiny and ill-defined.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Four or five ori; two ors. Ocellar setulae short and slightly proclinate, with setulae on posterior 1/3 sometimes reclinate. Orbital setulae short, in three rows, reclinate. Eye bare. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in ten irregular rows. Three very strong anepisternal setae. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour, sometimes with faint blue or greenish shine evident on notum. Parafacial, antenna and gena sometimes paler. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Abdomen with light coppery, greenish, or bluish shine (only coppery observed in this study).</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 269-271) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Surstylus rounded with short setae along inner-distal margin and shorter tubercle-like setae in two to three irregular rows on inner surface. Metepiphallus very dark with serrated ventral ridges and two stout coalescing lateral ridges. Proepiphallus thick and globular. Basiphallus forming complete ring. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by ~ 1.5  × length of basiphallus; distiphallus and mesophallus with bases level; distiphallus with long spinulose internal structures and thin distal projection subequal in length to basal section of distiphallus, which is relatively flat and abruptly ending at midpoint (seen ventrally), with only narrow distoventral plate continuing apically. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed, typical of  Melanagromyza , with blade relatively narrow. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: CA, CO, IL, IN, KS, MA, MD*, MI, ND, NY.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Melanagromyza burgessi ]: USA. MA: Beverly, 2.vi.1876, Burgess (1♀, USNM; type No. 15685). </p>
            <p> Paratypes [  Melanagromyza burgessi ]: USA. ND: Tower City, 5.vi.1906, G.I. Reeves, Webster No. 3122 (2♀, USNM), CO:  “Colo” ,  “1563” (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Holotype [maelifica]: USA. CA: San Diego Co., La Mesa, 23.iii.1962, P.A. Rude (1♂, CAS). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. IN:  Lafayette ,  “v-20” , swept from wint. wheat (1♀, USNM), Evansville, 7.v.1914, swept from wint. wheat, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), KS: Manhattan, 4.v.1932, D.A. Wilbur (1♀, USNM), Manhattan, C.W. Sabrosky, 20.iv.1934 (3♂, USNM), 25.iv.1934 (1♀, USNM), MD: Montgomery Co., 4mi SW of Ashton, 27.v.1984, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM),  Bethseda , 3.vi.1972, G.C. Steyskal (1♀, USNM), MI: St. Joseph, 30.v.1938, C.W. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4268CDBC85367ACB2AFC06DE55203765	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7319F6ACBAA2532DF7D4B5EE125C748C.text	7319F6ACBAA2532DF7D4B5EE125C748C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza dianthereae (Malloch)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza dianthereae (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 272-276</p>
            <p> Limnoagromyza dianthereae Malloch, 1920: 147. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza dianthereae . Frick 1952a: 378, 1959: 364; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 22. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 3.4-3.9 mm (♂), 4.4-5.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.8-3.4. Male first flagellomere slightly enlarged, rounded, with longer hairs past base. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial visible laterally, broadly rounded, and continuing under eye as very narrow cheek; fronto-orbital plate well-developed, setae slightly inset. Ocellar triangle long and narrow with anterior point open. Gena relatively short, slightly angled upwards anteriorly. Clypeus broadly rounded with anterior margin slightly thickened. Scutum with faint, thin longitudinal pruinose stripes medially.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three or four ori; two ors (one in CNC female paratype). Orbital setulae in three irregular rows, reclinate to erect, sometimes proclinate anteriorly. Ocellar setulae erect. Eye bare. Three dorsocentrals, with anterior seta close to second and ~ 3/5 length. Acrostichal setulae in ten irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Head nearly black and with greenish tint. Notum with greenish shine; anterolateral margin lighter brown with postpronotum particularly pale and with yellowish spots. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen brown with green shine, sometimes becoming more blue posteriorly or with colour most pronounced medially and on posterior 1/2 of tergites.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 272-276) Epandrium without small posterodistal spine. Surstylus shallow and subtriangular, with long marginal setae and several shorter, stouter setae. Hypandrium broad and stout with lobe thick. Metepiphallus smooth; lateral portion nearly divided into separate sclerite and with two crossing ridges. Proepiphallus minute. Basiphallus U-shaped with ends tapered and dorsum very broad and ill-defined with thick transverse medial ridge. Distiphallus large, bulbous, close to phallophorus, tapered apically; with long, thin dorsomedial process; ventrolateral tubules strongly arched, level with mesophallus; internal surface shallowly textured and outer surface minutely tuberculate dorsally.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Acanthaceae -  Justicia americana (formerly treated as  Dianthera ). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DC*, IL, IN, MD, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. IL: Muncie, 15.viii.1917, Frison and Malloch (1♀, INHS). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p> USA. IN: Lafayette, 19.viii.1916, J.M. Aldrich, swept from  Dianthera wildcat Cv. (1♂, USNM), swept from  Dianthrea americana (1♂, USNM), Lafayette, on  Dianthera americana , 2.vi.1915, J.M. Aldrich, CNC356825, CNC358427 (1♂ 1♀, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. DC:  Rock Creek
Park
 , 18.vii.1933, J.M. Aldrich (1♂ 2♀, USNM),  Rock Creek Park, 14.viii.1931, on  Dianthera americana (1♂, USNM), IN: Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich, swept from  Dianthera americana , 11.v.1915 (1♂, USNM), 11.vi.1915 (3♂, USNM), 18.vi.1915 (2♂ 2♀, USNM), 21.viii.1916 (1♂, USNM), Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich, 18.viii.1916 (1♂, USNM), 10.vi.1915 (4♂ 5♀, USNM) 11.vi.1915 (1♂, USNM), vi-iv.1915 (1♀, USNM), 21.viii.1916 (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, on  Dianthera 26.vi.1915 (2♂, USNM), 29.vi.1916 (1♂, USNM),  “vii-14” (1♂, USNM), Lafayette, A.L. Melander,  “vi-2” (3♂ 1♀, USNM), MD:  Plummers Isl. , 6.vii.1963, G. Steyskal (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  Plummers Isl. , K.V. Kromberin, 3.viii.1962 (1♂, USNM), 11.vii.1962 (4♂ 1♀, USNM), 9.vi.1963 (7♂ 2♀ 1?, USNM), 5.viii.1962 (1♂, USNM), 7.viii.1962 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 1.ix.1962 (3♂ 6♀, 2?, USNM), 31.vii.1962 (2♂, USNM), VA: Fairfax Co., Potomac River at Scott Run, 7.vi.1955, C.W. Sabrosky (2♀, USNM)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7319F6ACBAA2532DF7D4B5EE125C748C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
335905908D997ACB56216DE8681945F7.text	335905908D997ACB56216DE8681945F7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza eoflacensis Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza eoflacensis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 277-280</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.6-2.7 mm (♂). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.3. Clypeus broadly rounded. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate subshiny to slightly matt with triangle reaching level of mid ori or nearly reaching lunule (tapering anteriorly), and fronto-orbital plate slightly visible laterally. Gena rounded, highest behind midpoint of eye.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori (sometimes four on one side); two ors. Orbital setulae in two irregular rows, erect to reclinate. Eye pilose dorsomedially, hairs relatively dense. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta (shorter than width of tibia).</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Gena, parafacial, distal margin of pedicel and inner-distal margin of fronto-orbital plate paler. Notum faintly greenish (faded anteriorly), and femora sometimes also slightly reflective. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen with bluish (MD-Bethseda), greenish (IN, PA) or coppery shine (MD-Plummers Isl.).</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 277-280) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Metepiphallus with ventral surface dark and with short serrated ridge; lateral margin strongly ridged and nearly separate. Proepiphallus narrow and V-shaped with medial desclerotisation. Hypandrium stout, subtriangular and with small apical process. Basiphallus short and U-shaped; space between basiphallus and distiphallus separated by slightly less than height of basiphallus (slightly more in Lewiston, PA male, illustrated here). Base of mesophallus slightly exceeding that of distiphallus. Distiphallus with spinulose pad along inner-dorsal margin; with thicker basal section ending in bulge before much narrowed apical 1/2; base of distiphallus in IN male straighter and slightly narrower. Ejaculatory apodeme similar to that of  M. subvirens , with distal margin darker in holotype. </p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name indicates similarity to  M. osoflacensis Spencer, while indicating is relative eastern distribution (eos - Gr. for east). </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IN, MD, PA, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MD: Montgomery Co., Bethseda, 3.vi.1972, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratype: USA. IN: LaFayette, 10.v.1915, swept from grass, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), MD: Plummers Isl., 20.iv.1921, H.S. Barber (1♂, USNM), PA: Lewiston, 7.vi.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. VA:  Blacksburg , 2100', 1.vi.1962, J.G. Chillcott (1♂ [only wing and genitalia remaining], CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza eoflacensis can be partially diagnosed by a single posteromedial seta on the mid tibia (not two), but similar species (  M. angelicae ,  M. osoflacensis ,  M. panacis , M. subvirens,  M. brunkei ) may be easily misidentified as this taxon, particularly if one or both of the mid tibiae are damaged. As such, the genitalia should always be examined for verification. The phallus of  M. eoflacensis is distinct in having a space between the basiphallus and distiphallus that is nearly equal to the height of the basiphallus, the mesophallus only slightly projects past the base of the distiphallus, and seen laterally, the distiphallus has a thick dorsobasal section ending in a pronounced bulge before it abruptly narrows (similar to the state seen in  M. angelicae ). </p>
            <p> The terminalia of  Melanagromyza angelicae (Figs 257-260) differ in having a much longer distance between the basiphallus and the base of the distiphallus.  Melanagromyza subvirens (Figs 301-304) differs in having a ring-like basiphallus and a flared membranous carina anterodorsally, and the wing is slightly larger. The phalli of  M. osoflacensis and  M. panacis (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 35, 36) are more similar, but the former species has very little space between the basiphallus (with posteromedial notch) and the more gradually tapered distiphallus, the fronto-orbital plate is slightly more pronounced and the ocellar triangle is shinier; the latter species has a slightly longer distance between the basiphallus and the base of the distiphallus and it is stouter-bodied but with a similar wing length (2.5-2.8 mm) and the posterior two ori are more closely spaced. The abdomen in these species is also always shiny green, with that of  M. subvirens sometimes also bluish. Also see comments for  M. brunkei . </p>
            <p> The genitalic illustration of this species was erroneously provided for  Melanagromyza osoflacensis Spencer in Shi and Gaimari (2015), provided by the present author, at a period when he was not aware of the identity of this new species. </p>
            <p>The Virginia male is only tentatively included as most of the body is missing (only one wing is left on the pin) and the genitalia are preserved on a mini-prep slide on an angle that does not allow for fully confident identification, but it appears to agree with the above description.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/335905908D997ACB56216DE8681945F7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
40077A0BC928EA32F72F62AE1B269200.text	40077A0BC928EA32F72F62AE1B269200.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza glyptos Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza glyptos sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 54, 55, 281-284</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 54, 55). Wing length 3.6-3.9 mm (♂), 3.1-3.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.4-4.9. Gena angled dorsally on anterior 1/2, highest near midpoint. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial broadly visible laterally, continuing under eye as distinct cheek; fronto-orbital plate well-developed, setae slightly inset. Clypeus narrowed and slightly truncated medially, sides bowed outwards. Sides of ocellar triangle shallowly concave. Parafacial and ocellar triangle subshiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three or four ori, sometimes with slightly larger gap between anterior two setae; two ors. Orbital setulae dense, in several irregular rows, reclinate to erect. Ocellar setulae erect. Eye broadly pilose dorsomedially. Third dorsocentral (variable from slightly longer than setulae to 2/3 length of second dc) sometimes present directly in front of second dorsocentral in male. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Scutum shiny with faint greenish reflection. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen (excluding tergite 1) sometimes coppery, with light blue shine usually evident posteriorly.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 281-284) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Hypandrium with apex strongly produced as apodeme. Metepiphallus with serrated ridges, one pair of longer ventral spines, and several overlapping lateral ridges. Proepiphallus V-shaped, narrowly divided medially and with apex upcurved. Basiphallus U-shaped with sides diverging and tips irregular in outline. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by less than height of basiphallus; high, with spinulose internal structures, apex abruptly truncated, sides subparallel, and with short, thin bifid ventroapical plate; lateral surface of distiphallus with raised plate bearing minute scales and ridges; mesophallus projecting basally from distiphallus and far exceeding basal margin of distiphallus.</p>
            <p>Variation: Male from Plummers Island differs as follows: two ori; frons with several longitudinal wrinkles on each side of ocellar triangle; wing length 3.5 mm; length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section 0.5; eye height divided by gena height: 4.8; abdomen with light blue shine; lateral margin of basiphallus less sculptured; lateral plate on dorsal lobe of distiphallus less pronounced, without medial scales. Several specimens from Turkey Run with wing length 3.0-3.2 mm (♂), 3.4 mm (♀), abdomen and notum distinctly green with apex of abdomen bluish, and phallus slightly smaller and paler.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD, SC, VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza Gr. glyptos for carved, referring to sculptured outer lateral surface of distiphallus. </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. NC: Buncombe Co., 4 km SW Black Mtn., 21-27.1986, W.E. Steiner, Malaise trap, mixed deciduous and hemlock forest nr. small stream (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: USA. MD: Montgomery Co., Plummers Island, 38°58'N, 77°10'W, Malaise trap, lower trap, 24.iv-7.v.2006, D.R. Smith and J.W. Brown (1♂ 1♀, USNM; 1♀, CNC), Plummers Isl., 11.vii.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM). VA: Shenandoah, Lewis Falls, 4.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Fairfax Co., Turkey Run Park, nr. mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 29.iii-25.iv.2005 (1♂ 5♀, USNM; 1♂, CNC), 26.iv-2.v.2007 (12♂ 9♀, USNM), river, 14-17.v.2006 (2♀, USNM), Turkey Run Park, nr. headquarters bldg. 38°57.7'N, 77°08.9'N, Malaise trap, 29.iii-17.iv.2007, D.R. Smith (2♂ 1♀, USNM; 1♂, CNC), Great Falls Park, swamp trail, 38°59.4'N, 77°15.2'W, Malaise trap, 24.iv-2.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM; 1♀, CNC), Shenandoah, N Park Pinnacles, 19.vii.1952, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza glyptos and  M. diantherae are superficially similar, being large and stout-bodied with a blue metallic shine and more than five fronto-orbital setae. The two species are otherwise quite different in both outward and genitalic morphology, and can be easily diagnosed using the characters listed in the key. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/40077A0BC928EA32F72F62AE1B269200	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0641CA29DCCC7AC597DC929CE1B3D2C4.text	0641CA29DCCC7AC597DC929CE1B3D2C4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza Hendel 1920	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza Hendel</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza Hendel, 1920: 114. Type species:  Agromyza aeneoventris Fallén , 1823, by original designation. Frick 1952a: 375; Spencer 1969: 64; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 18; Lonsdale 2014: 495; Shi and Gaimari 2015: 10. </p>
            <p> Limnoagromyza Malloch, 1920: 147. Type species:  Limnoagromyza diantherae Malloch, 1920, by original designation. Frick 1952a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Many  Melanagromyza have a noticeably metallic green, blue, or coppery sheen on the abdomen (not including the black oviscape), which is also often present on the notum, but this feature should not be used as diagnostic in and of itself as a metallic sheen is also found in a handful of other  Agromyzinae . This sheen is usually very faint in these other taxa, but some  Japanagromyza species, including the relatively abundant eastern species  J. viridula , are strikingly green. Conversely, those  Melanagromyza with little or no metallic colouration can be easily mistaken for some  Euhexomyza and  Ophiomyia , although dorsally setulose (not bare) eyes, a wider fronto-orbital plate and a broadly rounded clypeus will reveal their generic affiliation. </p>
            <p> Externally, the Delmarva  Melanagromyza are best diagnosed by an absence of characters found in other local  Agromyzinae : there are no prescutellar acrostichals (present in  Agromyza and  Japanagromyza ) or a stridulatory file on syntergite 1+2 (  Agromyza ); the clypeus is usually broadly rounded (apically truncated in all  Ophiomyia ), but if the anterior margin is straight, the lateral corners are rounded; the eye is usually setulose dorsally (always bare or very sparsely short-setulose in  Ophiomyia ); the gena is never strongly produced anteriorly, there is never a vibrissal fasciculus, and the facial keel is never prominent if present (many  Ophiomyia ). </p>
            <p>The male genitalia are most characteristic of the genus: the basiphallus is short, symmetrical and U-shaped or ring-like; the epandrium sometimes has a small posterodistal spine behind the surstylus (not always visible in lateral view); the ventrobasal surface of the distiphallus has one pair of thin tubules flanking the mesophallus (unconfirmed in some non-Nearctic species).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0641CA29DCCC7AC597DC929CE1B3D2C4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
EABF9AE24814D32E909B9E963041BA30.text	EABF9AE24814D32E909B9E963041BA30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza matricarioides Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza matricarioides Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 285-288</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza matricarioides Spencer, 1969: 72. Plakidas 1982: 3. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.3 mm (♂). Female unknown (see variation). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.7. Gena highest behind midpoint of eye. Clypeus rounded, relatively thin and with arms slightly converging apically. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle subshiny. Fronto-orbital plate well-developed, relatively narrow, broadest behind midpoint of eye but not bulging, with swelling very shallow and indistinct; setae inset. Ocellar triangle narrow with anterior point open. Parafacial projecting dorsally.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two broadly separated ori; two ors. Orbital setulae in two irregular rows, becoming sparser posteriorly, erect to slightly proclinate. Ocellar setulae erect. Eye pilose in small spot dorsomedially. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Inner margin of fronto-orbital plate (more so anteriorly) and anterior corner of ocellar triangle sometimes light brown. Notum with faint greenish shine posteriorly (blue-green in holotype). Abdomen with green shine (bluer in holotype). Gena, notopleuron, postpronotum, and parafacial sometimes paler. Wing veins pale. Calypter margin and hairs white.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 285-288) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Surstylus narrow and downturned with discrete group of elongate, apical tubercle-like setae (not as figured in Spencer 1969). Hypandrium broad, short, and thick with long apical process. Metepiphallus with shallow spine and serrated ridge ventrally, and with narrow plate with several coalescing ridges laterally. Proepiphallus V-shaped and upcurved. Basiphallus U-shaped, arms relatively thick. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by less than height of basiphallus; bases of distiphallus and mesophallus level; distiphallus with dorsomedial swelling, internal surface smooth or with remnants of spinulose internal structure (holotype), and with thick distoventral plate and dorsal processes comprising slightly narrowed apex.</p>
            <p> Variation: Of the two non-type specimens mentioned in the original description, only the female could be located. This specimen differs as follows: wing length 2.6 mm; eye height divided by gena height 5.1; eye with smaller patch of setulae dorsally adjoining eye; fronto-orbital plate more abruptly bulging at midpoint to ~  ¼ width of frons, setulae in up to three irregular rows; abdomen with green shine. Possibly not conspecific, although most other possible local species to which it may belong in the  M. virens group have the head longer towards the dorsum, and none except this species are known from  Anthemis . </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae subfamily  Asteroideae -  Matricaria matricariodes ,  Anthemis sp.,  A. cotula ,  Rudbeckia laciniata [?]. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: MD, PA[?].</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. ON: Ottawa, em. 4.vii.1955, ex. "stem mine in pineapple weed" [  Matricaria matricarioides ], leg. G. Lewis, reared J.F. McAlpine, CNC358428 (1♂, CNC; Type No. 10366). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Ottawa , 25.vii.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, em. 26.vii.1962 from cultivated  Anthemis (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. MD: Ft. Detrich, 29.vi.1976, SWT Batra, AC- 1 ex.  Anthemis cotula L. (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The Maryland male presents the second record of  Melanagromyza matricarioides in the United States following Plakidas (1982), who reared specimens from  Rudbeckia laciniata in western Pennsylvania. Multiple adults from one or more Pennsylvania localities were recorded from 26 August to 3 October. The specimens were originally identified by G. Steyskal, and it is unknown why they were excluded from Spencer and Steyskal (1986b); only one specimen could be relocated, and examination has found this male to be  Melanagromyza virginiensis (see below). </p>
            <p> This species belongs to the  Melanagromyza virens group, revealed by the widely spaced ori, and by the surstylus, which is incredibly similar to that of  M. virens itself, although the long palisade-like setae are arranged in a much more discrete apical cluster. The distiphallus is slightly more compressed dorsoventrally (not teardrop-shaped) and has one pair of characteristic shallow carinae along the dorsolateral margin. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EABF9AE24814D32E909B9E963041BA30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
987A3DD155BCEE79E2AE16DF80BAEE70.text	987A3DD155BCEE79E2AE16DF80BAEE70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza minimoides Spencer 1966	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza minimoides Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 289-292</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza minimoides Spencer, 1966b: 13. Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 45; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 32; Scheffer et al. 2007: 770; Shi and Gaimari 2015: 51; Monteiro et al. 2019: 157; Eiseman et al. 2021: 10. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza radicicola Steyskal, 1981: 40. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 246. Syn. Spencer (1990). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.9-2.1 mm (♂), 2.1-2.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.0-6.3. Gena angulate, highest near midpoint of eye. Clypeus broadly rounded. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle mostly ill-defined; ocellar triangle rounded anteriorly, extending to region between ors, subshiny. Fronto-orbital plate slightly visible to not visible when head viewed laterally; well-developed but relatively narrow compared to most congeners, slightly subshiny, setae slightly inset.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Orbital setulae in two irregular rows, erect to reclinate. Eye bare or with few minute, sparsely arranged hairs. Ocellar and postocellar setae well-developed, but thin. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Gena slightly pale. Notum greenish, sometimes becoming bluish anteriorly. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Abdomen metallic green, sometimes coppery.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 289-292) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Surstylus small and rounded with tubercle-like setae clustered along inner and inner-marginal surfaces. Apex of hypandrium extremely elongate and tapered, subtriangular with base shallow and broadly arched; inner lobe attached to remainder of hypandrium by lightly sclerotised bridge. Metepiphallus broad and box-like with serrated ridges ventrally and irregular ridges laterally. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by ~ 1.5  × height of basiphallus; mesophallus produced slightly past base of distiphallus; distiphallus small and ovate in ventral view with thin spinulose internal pads; distoventral plate vestigial, continuing as elongate, irregular duct that often has small, faint subapical sclerotised spot. Ejaculatory apodeme typical of  Melanagromyza , blade relatively narrow and slightly pointed apically. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Borrichia frutescens ,  Helenium flexuosum ,  Helianthus annuus ,  Heliopsis helianthoides ,  Melanthera nivea ,  Rudbeckia laciniata ,  Symphyotrichum simmondsii ,  Verbesina encelioides ,  V. virginica .  Cucurbitaceae -  Cucurbita foetidissima .  Urticaceae -  Urtica dioica ,  U. gracilis subsp. holosericea (Eiseman et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: AR, CA, FL, IA, MD, MO*, MT*, NM*, OH, TX. Argentina. Bolivia. Brazil. Dominican Republic. Guadeloupe. Mexico. Venezuela. Uruguay.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Melanagromyza minimoides ]. USA. FL: Hialeah, 10-14.ii.1964, ex. seeds of  Verbesina sp., leg. 2.ii.1964, C.E. Stegmaier (1♂, USNM [on card with female paratype]). </p>
            <p> Paratype [  Melanagromyza minimoides ]. USA. FL: Same data as holotype (1♀, USNM), Miami Dodge Is., 2.iii.1966, ex seeds  Borrichia frutescens , em. 4.iii.1966, K.A. Spencer, CNC358429 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Melanagromyza radicicola ]. USA. MD: Bethseda, xii.1979, G.C. Steyskal, "emerged indoors from nettle st." (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                 Mexico. Durango: 20.ix.1936, C.S. Rude (1♂, USNM) .   USA. FL: Hialeah, 15.xi.1964, C. Stegamier, ex.  Verbesina (1♂ 1♀, USNM), Key Largo, beach on NE, 13.xii.1985, A.L. Norrbom, reared ex. flower of  Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC (14♂ 14♀ [seven with puparia], USNM), Key Largo,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Pennekamp State Park</a>
                 , 13.xii.1985, A.L. Norrbom, reared ex. flower head of  Borrichia frutescens (L.) (1♂, USNM), Big Pine Key, 13.xii.1985, ex. flower head of  Borrichia frutescens (L.) (1♂ 2♀, USNM), Dade Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Naranja</a>
                 , 12.xii.1985, A.L. Norrbom, reared ex flower head of  Bidens alba v. radiata (1♂, USNM), IA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Winneshiek Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Decorah</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Will Baker Park</a>
                 , 43°18'9.12"N, 91°48'42.15"W, 10-13.viii.2017, J. van der Linden,  Rudbeckia laciniata , em. by 16.viii.2017, #CSE4945, CNC1643663-1643667 (2♂ 3♀, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Bethseda, G. Steyskal, 31.viii.1970 (1♀, USNM), 30.viii.1970 (1♂, USNM), reared ex. flower heads of  Heliopsis helianthoides , 21.viii.1970 (2♂ 7♀ 8puparia, USNM), 24.viii.1970 (4♂ 3♀, USNM), 26.viii.1970 (1♂, USNM), 27.viii.1970 (3♂ 1♀, USNM), 28.viii.1970 (2♀, USNM), 30.viii.1970 (1♂ 3♀, USNM), 31.viii.1970 (1♀, USNM), 2.ix.1970 (3♀, USNM), 9.ix.1970 (1♂ 3♀, USNM), 26.ix.1970 (2♀, USNM) reared ex. flower heads of  Rudbeckia lacinata , 13.viii.1970 (1♀, USNM), 24.viii.1970 (1♀, USNM), 28.ix.1970 (1♂, USNM), 1.ix.1970 (3♂, USNM), 2.ix.1970 (1♀, USNM), 6.ix.1970 (2♂, USNM), 8.ix.1970 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 9.ix.1970 (2♂ 1♀, USNM), 10.ix.1970 (3♂ 1♀, USNM), 11.ix.1970 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 14.ix.1970 (1♂ 3♀, USNM), 16.ix.1970 (2♂ 1♀, USNM), 17.ix.1970 (2♂ 7♀, USNM), 20.ix.1970 (1♀, USNM), viii-ix.1971 (1♀ 7puparia, USNM), 13.viii.1974 (puparia, USNM), 23.viii.1974 (1♀, USNM), 31.viii.1971 (2♀, USNM), 2.ix.1971 (6♀, USNM), 4.ix.1971 (1♀, USNM), 3.ix.1972 (1♀, USNM), 11.ix.1972 (1♀ [with puparium], USNM), 1.ix.1974 (7♀ [with puparia], USNM), 12.ix.1974 (12♀, USNM), MO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">St. Louis</a>
                 , 6.28, reared ex  Helianthus pitcheriana , Webster Grve, No. 33125,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (5♂ 9♀ [gel capsule], USNM), MT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">St. Louis Webster Grvs</a>
                 , No. 22195,  “7.30” , reared from  Heliopsis ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Satterthwaite Collector</a>
                 (2♂ 3♀, USNM), NM:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Roosevelt Co.</a>
                 ,  Portales , 4000ft, Malaise trap, 23-26.viii.1993,  O’Hara and Jorgensen, debu00128110 (1♂, DEBU), TX:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.811714/lat 43.302532)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.811714&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.302532">Hidalgo Co.</a>
                 , Weslaco, ii.1975, C.E. Rogers, larva in  Helianthus annuus (3♂ 2♀, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/987A3DD155BCEE79E2AE16DF80BAEE70	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
61E996E0FFC0CF988D3C07AE19BD7129.text	61E996E0FFC0CF988D3C07AE19BD7129.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza rutella Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza rutella sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 293-296</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.5-2.7 mm (♂), 2.4-2.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-5.9. Clypeus broadly rounded. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate subshiny. First flagellomere narrow, not broadly rounded below. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial projecting with portion visible laterally 1/2 height of first flagellomere; fronto-orbital plate well-developed, setae inset. Ocellar triangle subshiny to matt, sometimes appearing to end at posterior ori, but if anterior margin ill-defined, then appearing to continue to lunule. Gena rounded, highest behind midpoint of eye.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori (four on one side of IN male); two ors. Orbital setulae short, in up to four irregular rows, erect to reclinate. Eye pilose dorsomedially. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight to ten irregular rows. Mid tibia with one or (more commonly) two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Notum greenish (faded anteriorly); femora sometimes also slightly reflective. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen with greenish shine, sometimes becoming slightly coppery/reddish.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 293-296) Posterodorsal margin of epandrium slightly produced; posteroventral spine well-developed. Surstylus 1/2 height of epandrium, with up to three rows of tubercle-like setae along inner distal margin. Basiphallus short, U-shaped, and extending slightly past base of distiphallus. Base of mesophallus extending past that of distiphallus; distiphallus with paired ventrolateral tubules shallowly raised from base of distiphallus, or prominent, separate and strongly looped (as illustrated); with dorsoapical margin strongly flared laterally; venter with strong divided carina. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed with base dark, becoming paler distally on stem; blade large, spade/diamond-shaped, weakly sclerotised but with defined medial rib and strong marginal band (less so laterally) well-defined.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IN, VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>L. rutrum for spade, shovel, referring to the shape of the large ejaculatory apodeme.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Fairfax Co., Great Falls Park, quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 24.iv-2.v.2007 (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: USA. IN: La Fayette, 11.v.1916, J.M. Aldrich (1♂ 2♀, USNM), VA: Same collection as holotype (1♂ 2♀, USNM; 2♀, CNC), 3-10.v.2007 (3♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza rutella is dark (i.e., without a slightly paler gena, shoulders, etc.) with a white calypter and three ori on both sides of the frons. The gena is also often relatively high, the blade of the ejaculatory apodeme is nearly diamond-shaped, the distiphallus is stout and strongly flared apically, the ventrolateral tubules of the phallus are distinct and sometimes broadly looped, and the distiphallus has a single internal rectangular pad with numerous transverse rows of small spines. </p>
            <p> There is a resemblance to  Melanagromyza urticae Eiseman and Lonsdale (Eiseman et al. 2021: figs 16-19, 111-116), especially with regards to the male genitalia, but this other Iowa species has two ori, three ors, the surstylus is not produced slightly posteriorly, the mesophallus is inserted almost basally on the distiphallus (the ventrolateral tubules are more pronounced in  M. rutella ), the dorsal chamber of the distiphallus is stouter and almost parallel-sided in ventral view (not constricted medially) and higher in lateral view, and the tubule emerging from the dorsal chamber apically is longer. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61E996E0FFC0CF988D3C07AE19BD7129	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
44D6C6E1B33D3BC83EA441B22A278A37.text	44D6C6E1B33D3BC83EA441B22A278A37.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza splendida Frick 1953	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza splendida Frick</p>
            <p>Figs 297-300</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza splendida Frick, 1953b: 207. Spencer 1981: 59; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 25; Shi and Gaimari 2015: 72. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-2.6 mm (♂), 1.9-2.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.5-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.9-6.9. Deepest portion of gena 1/3-1/2 distance from anterior margin. Fronto-orbital plate not projecting, sometimes slightly visible in lateral view; strongly swollen in males, 25-28% frons width, narrowing anteriorly; narrower in females, 16-23% frons width; setae inset along inner margin of plate. Clypeus broadly rounded. Ocellar triangle slightly longer than wide.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori with anterior seta strongly displaced anteriorly; two ors. Eye extensively pilose, hairs sparse excluding dense dorsal patch. Orbital setulae erect to reclinate, slightly proclinate anteriorly (mostly inner row), in up to three or four irregular rows; setulae longer in male. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Fronto-orbital plate sometimes whitish along anteromedial margin. Notal colour ranging from brilliant green to dull green with coppery tint. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen metallic green, sometimes bronze (Austin, TX).</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 297-300) Epandrium with posterodistal spine. Surstylus &lt;1/2 height of epandrium, distal margin slightly rounded and angled, with several irregular rows of tubercle-like setae along inner-distal surface. Hypandrium subtriangular, long with thin, tapered distal process. Proepiphallus dark and V-shaped. Metepiphallus broad and dark with several sublateral tubercles and lateral ridges. Basiphallus U-shaped. Space between distiphallus and phallophorus less than height of basiphallus. Distiphallus relatively globular with distinct transverse fold laterally on distal 1/3 that curves towards venter; base exceeding that of mesophallus; inner surface only with clusters of shallow bumps (no spines); with short narrow tubule emerging apically below short plate; seen ventrally, width of distiphallus varying from relatively slender (as in illustration) to stouter around middle.</p>
            <p> Variation: One AZ male (dissected) with fronto-orbital plate swollen to 1/3 width of frons (ie. similar to  M. virens ). Dissected Newark (DE) male, possibly a separate species, differs as follows: dark distoventral process on distiphallus highly reduced, distiphallus slightly more quadrate in outline (seen ventrally), and surstylus not downturned apically, but with long tubercule-like setae typical of  M. matricariodes and  M. virens ; clypeus distinctly truncated apically and orbit slightly less swollen medially. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Ambrosia ,  Bidens ,  Centaurea *,  Cineraria *,  Coreopsis *,  Erechtites ,  Flaveria ,  Gaillardia ,  Galinsoga *,  Gnaphalium ,  Helianthus ,  Hymenoxis *,  Lactuca ,  Parthenium ,  Tagetes ,  Zinnia .  Cucurbitaceae -  Cucurbita .  Apiaceae -  Apium ,  Daucus . NC record of feeding on potato requires verification. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: AZ, CA, DE*, FL, HI, IL, IN*, MD*, MI[?], MO*, NC*, NY[?], SC[?], TX*. Argentina*. Bahamas. Chile. Jamaica. Mexico.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. HI: Kamuela, 5.xii.1950, ex. celery (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratype: USA. HI: same data as holotype (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> Argentina. Salta: Rt. 34, 4 km S Metan, i.1983,  Galinsoga parviflora , tunneling inside stems (1♂ 1♀, USNM), Jujuy: Rt. 9, 1 km S Maimara, 31.xii.1982,  Hymenoxis robusta , tunneling inside stem (1♀, USNM). Bahamas. Bimini Isl., 22-31.i.1968, light trap, G.M. Stokes (2♂, USNM). Chile. Valdivia: Santiago, 4.v.1978, 78.3999, reared ex. sunflower stalk (1♂, USNM). USA. AZ: Yuma, 20.v.1968, D.M. Tuttle (2♂ 2♀, USNM), CA: Ortega Hiwy., near summit, 11.vi.1944, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), San Simeon, 31.viii.1945, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Orange Co., Fullerton, 13.ii.1969, R.D. Goeden and D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on  Ambrosia psilostachya Decandolle (2♂, USNM), Santa Barbara Co., Santa Barbara, 22.iv.1969, R.D. Goeden and D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on  Ambrosia psilostachya (2♂ [with puparia], USNM), San Bernardino Co., Highland, 2.v.1969, R.D. Goeden and D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on  Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook. (1♀ [with puparium], USNM), Cucamonga, 20.v.1969, R.D. Goeden and D.W. Ricker, insectary reared on  Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook. (1♀ [with puparium], USNM), Salinas, 1.xi.1930, Bred from [illegible]ule (1♂, USNM), L.A. Co., Westwood Hills, 3.xi.1938, ex  Cineraria stems acc. 94 (1♂, USNM), DE:  Lum’s Pond, 17.vii.1974, D. Buntin (2♂, USNM), Newark, D. Buntin, 19.viii.1974 (2♂, USNM), 10.vii.1975 (1♂, USNM), 9.vi.1975 (1♂, USNM), FL: Dade Co., Naranja, 12.xii.1985, A.L. Norrbom (1♂, USNM), Highlands Co., Archibold Biological Sta., 24.iii.1969, S.W. Frost, CNC358443 (1♂, CNC), Highland Co., Archibold Biol. Sta., 24.iv.1967, B.V. Peterson, CNC358464 (1♂, CNC), HI: Honolulu, 6.v.1929, ex Cornflower (  Centaurea ), J.F. Illingworth (2♂, USNM), 7.v.1929 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 8.v.1929 (1♀, USNM), IL: Champaign, tomato leaves, 12.ix.1957, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358451 (1♂, CNC), Alhambra, 24.vi.1937, reared from sunflower, destroying stem, Satterthwaite (4♂ 10♀, USNM), IN: Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich,  “vii-21” (1♂, USNM),  “x-14” (1♂, USNM), 4.ix.1916 (1♂, USNM),  “vii-26” (1♂, USNM),  “6-27” (1♂, USNM),  “v-23” (1♂, USNM),  “v-27” (2♂, USNM), [no date] (1♂, USNM), MD: College Park, 2.viii.1931, C.T. Greene (1♂, USNM), NC: Chadboura, 27.v.1910, feeding on potato, E.G. Smyth (1♂, USNM), MO: Webster Groves, 17.v.1932,  Helianthus tuberosa, Satterthwaite (1♀, USNM), [locality not provided, likely Webster Groves], 32165b,  Helianthus tuberosa (1♂, USNM), TX: Galveston, vi.1900, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Mexico, in carrot, Laredo, Tx., 31255, 18.i.1943, Lot No. 43-1075 (1♂, USNM), 31457, 13.ii.1943, Lot No. 43-1590 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), Mexico, in carrot root, El Paso, 33818, Lot No. 42-6728 (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p>The short, squat distiphallus is highly characteristic of this species, especially the bulging laterodistal region that appears as a transverse fold. Male dissection is recommended for confident identification.</p>
            <p> While  Melanagromyza splendida has previously been recorded as far north as New York and Michigan in the United States, almost all of the northern males identified by previous authors dissected here have been  M. virginiensis . The remaining specimens for which previous Michigan, New York, and South Carolina records of  M. splendida were based (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b) have not been found, and it is suspected that these might also be misidentifications of  M. virginiensis . </p>
            <p> Several Texas records, which may represent interceptions from Mexico, note carrot as host. When considering the economic significance of carrots, the widespread occurrence of the fly, and the absence of previous rearing records, it is possible that the labels are in error or  Daucus is not a preferred host. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/44D6C6E1B33D3BC83EA441B22A278A37	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
29E8BDA7245D26401221C531449C84FF.text	29E8BDA7245D26401221C531449C84FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza subvirens (Malloch 1915)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza subvirens (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 301-304</p>
            <p> Agromyza subvirens Malloch, 1915a: 105. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza subvirens . Frick, 1959: 366; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 26. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.8-3.2 mm (♂), 3.4-3.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.5-0.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.0-5.5. Gena highest at ~ anterior 1/3, angled upwards anteriorly, with distinct cheek. Fronto-orbital plate well-developed, slightly visible laterally, setae slightly inset. Clypeus broadly rounded. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle slightly less matt than surrounding frons. Ocellar triangle reaching second ori from rear.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Five to six fronto-orbitals with posterior one or two reclinate (ors). Ocellar setulae short, reclinate, in two irregular rows. Eye sparsely pilose dorsomedially, sometimes slightly denser in male. Anterior genal seta sometimes vibrissa-like. Two dorsocentral setae; MD male with third dorsocentral on left side. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour; female darker, blackish. Scutellum with faint greenish shine in male, female sometimes with bluish tint. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen with green or bluish green shine, and females sometimes with strong blue shine only. Slightly reddish, at least on antenna and gena, and sometimes more widespread.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 301-304) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Surstylus ~ 1/2 length of epandrium venter (epandrium dorsum shallower); inner surface with several irregular rows of tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium subtriangular with slightly produced apex. Metepiphallus with serrated ventral and lateral ridges. Proepiphallus V-shaped. Basiphallus forming complete ring with ventrodistal margin ill-defined. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by height of basiphallus; mesophallus slightly exceeding base of distiphallus; distiphallus relatively flat, with internal spinulose pads, strongly upturned and apically widened dorsoapical membranous process; ventrolateral tubules short. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed with short stem and narrow rib slightly exceeding apex of broad, pale, ovate blade.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: IA, IL, MD*, NC*, PA, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. IL: St. Joseph, 17.v.1914, C.A. Hart and J.R. Malloch (1 ♀, INHS). [Not examined].</p>
            <p>Paratype: USA. IL: St. Joseph, 17.v.1914, Salt Fork (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. IL: Oregon, 21.vi.1917, en copulae; CNC358452 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), MD: Laurel, 1.vi.1965, Malaise trap, CNC358454, CNC358455, CNC358456 (3♀, CNC), nr.  Plummers Isl. , 2.v.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), Montgomery Co., Bethseda, 26.v.1968, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), NC:  Wilson’s Gap, 944 m, 25.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC358453 (1♂, CNC)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/29E8BDA7245D26401221C531449C84FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
E103CFA6EEF31A94A55438BF4F6FE270.text	E103CFA6EEF31A94A55438BF4F6FE270.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza vernoniae Steyskal	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza vernoniae Steyskal</p>
            <p>Figs 305-308</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza vernoniae Steyskal, 1981: 41. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 23. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 3.1-3.5 mm (♂), 2.8-3.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.6-5.5. Clypeus broadly rounded. Male eye with short, scattered setulae covering dorsomedial region of eye (setulose region relatively narrow compared to M.  Melanagromyza vernoniana ) that may sometimes be relatively dense; female eye virtually bare. Fronto-orbital plate slightly widened at middle, only slightly more than one quarter width of frons at widest point; subshiny; bulging anteriorly and slightly visible laterally, sometimes continuing as ring below eye. Ocellar triangle relatively narrow and parallel-sided, reaching level of posterior ori. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori with anterior seta strongly displaced anteriorly (one IN male with additional seta between standard ori that is weak on left side and well-developed on right); two ors with anterior seta slightly inclinate. Orbital setulae with up to three irregular, scattered rows, generally erect, slightly reclinate anteriorly and proclinate posteriorly and along outer row; relatively long and bushy, considerably longer than ommatrichia (more so in males). Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Katepisternum with one to several short setae clustered dorsomedially. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour; pedicel and scape sometimes slightly paler brown. Notum with slight bluish shine that may be slightly greenish, especially on posterior third of scutum and on scutellum. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen with strong metallic green shine. MN male with abdomen blue. IN specimens with notum greenish (not blue) and abdomen greenish coppery in males and green to blue in females.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 305-308) Surstylus (entirely fused to epandrium) with relatively long, flat distal margin ~ 2/3 length of distal section of epandrium (dorsum of epandrium shallower) that is slightly produced at anterior corner; inner surface with two (posteriorly) to four (anteriorly) rows of short, thickened setae, of which a few at slightly produced corner of surstylus are elongate, although state not as exaggerated as seen in M. virens. Hypandrium extremely long and produced apically and with longitudinal basal ridge; inner lobe irregular in outline and weakly sclerotised. Metepiphallus with small spines medially and with coalescing ridges laterally. Proepiphallus V-shaped. Basiphallus U-shaped with corners at right angles and arms parallel. Mesophallus and distiphallus level at base. Distiphallus with basal section ~ 2/3 length of segment, relatively narrow, not bulging dorsally, with well-developed internal spinulose pads; ventrolateral tubules relatively long, narrow, recessed.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Vernonia noveboracensis . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DC, IN*, MN*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Melanagromyza vernoniae ]: USA. DC: 18.x.1969, D. Anderson,  Vernonia noveboracensis , emg. indoors after refrigeration 19.xii.1969 (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Paratypes [  Melanagromyza vernoniae ]: USA. DC: Washington, E Bank CandO Canal nr. Ariz. Ave., reared from larva in stem  Vernonia noveboracensis , D.M. Anderson, 23.i.1970 (1♂, USNM), 28.iii.1970 (2♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. DC: Washington, E Bank CandO Canal nr. Ariz. Ave., 14.x.1969, D.M. Anderson,  Reared from larvae in stem  Vernonia noveboracensis , 23.ii.1970 (3♀, USNM), Washington, E Bank CandO Canal nr. Ariz. Ave., 28.iii.1970, D.M. Anderson, Reared from larvae in stem  Vernonia noveboracensis (1♀, USNM), IN: LaFayette, J.M. Aldrich, v-23 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), v-27 (6♂ 3♀, USNM), v-28 (1♂, USNM), iv-27 (3♂, USNM), vi-10 (1♂, USNM), vi-22 (1♀, USNM), vi-23 (1♂, USNM), vii-8 (1♀, USNM), 6-27 (1♂, USNM), MN: New Ulm, 30.v.1916, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E103CFA6EEF31A94A55438BF4F6FE270	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
964711EA55D70448D2AC6C1B47151F3D.text	964711EA55D70448D2AC6C1B47151F3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza vernoniana Steyskal	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza vernoniana Steyskal</p>
            <p>Figs 309-317</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza vernoniana Steyskal, 1981: 41. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 23. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza verbesinae Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 248. Syn. nov. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.3-2.8 mm. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.1-5.0. Clypeus broadly rounded. Pilosity on male eye dense and relatively broad dorsally, covering most of dorsal third of eye. Fronto-orbital plate slightly widened at middle, not exceeding 1/5 width of frons; subshiny; reaching level of posterior ori.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori with anterior pair of setae widely separated from second pair; two ors. Orbital setulae in up to three irregular rows, reclinate to slightly lateroclinate with inner row partially proclinate; as long as eye setulae, and slightly darker and much less densely arranged compared to eye setulae. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour; pedicel and portions of frons sometimes slightly paler. Notum with faint greenish to bluish shine; indistinct in poorly preserved specimens. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen with strong metallic green shine, sometimes bronze.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 309-313) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Surstylus one 1/2 length of epandrium or slightly less; slightly produced, elongate; inner surface with several irregular rows of tubercle-like setae, posterodistal corner with several of these longer, posteriorly directed (not as pronounced as state seen in  M. virens and  M. matricariodes ). Metepiphallus with serrated ventral ridges and ventrally coalescing lateral ridges. Proepiphallus very dark and V-shaped. Phallophorus short. Basiphallus U-shaped with minute irregularities in lateral margin. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by slightly more than height of basiphallus; base of mesophallus produced slightly past base of distiphallus; distiphallus with broad, short base and elongate distal section that is slightly upcurved when seen laterally and elongate oval when seen ventrally; distiphallus sometimes with one pair of short subtriangular plates emerging anterodorsally from swollen basal section. </p>
            <p>Variation: See comments section.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Helianthus annuus *,  H. tuberosus *,  Helenium autumnale *,  Verbesina alternifolia ,  Vernonia noveboracensis . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON*. USA: DC, IL*, IN*, MD, MO*, OH, OK*, TN, TX, VA*, VT*, WI*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Melanagromyza vernoniana ]: USA. MD: Cropley, 20.x.1968, D.M. Anderson, emg. Ex. stem  Vernonia noveboracensis (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Paratype [  Melanagromyza vernoniana ]: USA. DC: Washington, E bank CandO Canal nr. Ariz. Ave., 28.iv.1970, D.M. Anderson, reared from larva in stem  Vernonia noveboracensis (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Melanagromyza verbesinae ]: USA. OH: Jennings Woods, 6.0mi NE Ravenna, 21.iii.1970, ex. stem  Verbesina alternifolia (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p> [  Melanagromyza verbesinae ]: USA. TN: East Ridge, 6.v.1952, G.S. Walley, CNC358449 (1♂, CNC), TX: Kerrville, swept ex meadow, 18.iv.1959, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358448 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON: Wellington Co., nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.17111/lat 43.555)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.17111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.555">Arkell</a>
                 , 43°33'18"N, 80°10'16"W, trail beside river, 24.vi.2010, O. Lonsdale, CNC358506 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. IL:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Urbana</a>
                 , in Nat. Res. Mus., 5.v.1957, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358450 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Hinsdale</a>
                 , 25.x.1929, H[elianthus]  Helianthus tuberosus ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Grve</a>
                 , Satterthwaite, No. 29308818 (1♂, USNM), No. 29308817 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Hinsdale</a>
                 , [illegible], 25.x.1929, Webster Grvs, No. 29310a, [illegible], 8.i.1930,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Chicago</a>
                 , 6.vi.1903, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), IN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Lafayette</a>
                 , 27.x.1915, reared from sunflower pith, Cage No. C 1490,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♂, USNM), MD: Montgomery Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Bethseda</a>
                 , 23.v.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), MO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Black Jack</a>
                 , 28.x.1930,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Grove</a>
                 ,  Helianthus tuberosa,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 , [illegible], No. 40319g, 13.iv.1931 (1♀, USNM), No. 30419a, 20.iv.1931 (1♂, USNM), Web Groves Sta., dead at cold room window, 14.iv.1933 (3♂ 4♀ [gel capsule], USNM), 20.iv.1933 (2♀ [with 2  Braconidae in gel capsule], USNM), 21.iv.1933 (1♀ [with  Braconidae in gel capsule], USNM), OK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Murray Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Sulphur</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Chickasaw Rec. Area</a>
                 , 4.vi.1979, S.andJ.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Peck</a>
                 , prairie vegetation (1♂, DEBU), MO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Cross Keys</a>
                 , 1.xii.1932, dead 3.ii.1933, Webster Grv, No. 32S11, R.B. Swain (1[unemerged from puparium], USNM), Webster Grvs, No. 32052C,  Helianthus annuus , laboratory garden, [date illegible], dead 11.v.1932,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Groves</a>
                 ,  Helianthus annuus , 23.iii.1930, No. 30012, issued 1.iv.1930, R.C. Lange (1♂, USNM), 16.iii.1931, No. 31025C, issued 14.iv.1931 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Groves</a>
                 , sunflower, iss. [?]. iii.1933, No. 33034R,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♂, USNM), iss. 4.iv.1933, 26.iii.1933 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), 26.iii.1933, No. 33039f, iss. 3.iv.1933 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), iss. 5.iv.1933, No. No. 33039f, 26.iii.1933 (1♂, USNM), iss. 30.iii.1933, No. 330392, 26.iii.1933 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Groves</a>
                 , 26.vii.1929, reared from sunflower, issued 3.viii.1929, dead 3.viii.1929, No. 29162,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Groves</a>
                 , sunflower, issued 12.viii.1929, dead 8.13, No. 29161, 26.vii.1929,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Groves</a>
                 , 9.vi.1929, sunflower,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♀, USNM), 21.viii.1928 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Maplewood</a>
                 , 24.vii.1930, issued 22.viii.1930, Webster Grvs, No. 30246b,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Satterthwaite</a>
                 (1♂, USNM), issued 25.viii.1930, No. 30246a (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">East St. Louis</a>
                 , [?], 9.ix.1929, sunflower, Webster Grvs, No. 2925290, issued ix.1930, J.B. Sahan (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Cross Keys</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Artichoke</a>
                 , Webster Grvs, R.B. Swain, 1.xii.1932, iss. 14.iii.1933, No. 32497p (1♂, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 4.iii.1933, No. 32497t (1♂, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 1.iv.1933, No. 32497aa (1♂, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 29.iii.1933, No. 32497d (3♂ 1♀, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 1.iv.1933, No. 32497ab (1♂, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 5.iv.1933, No. 324970 (1♀, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss.? 3.iv.1933, No. 32497h (1♀, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 2.20, No. 33003 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Florrisant</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Artichoke</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Webster Grvs</a>
                 , 2.xii.1932, iss. 12.iv.1933, No. 32495 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Black Jack</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Artichoke</a>
                 , Webster Grvs, R.B. Swain, 18.x.1932, iss. [illegible], No. 32476 (1♂, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 31.iii.1933, No. 32497f (1♂, USNM), 1.xii.1932, iss. 13.iv.1933, No. 32446 (1♀, 6♂ 2♀ [gel capsule], USNM), VA: Batesville, M.L. Bobb, 6.vi.1940 (1♂, VPIC), 26.iv.1939 (1♂, VPIC), 18.v.1940 (1♀, VPIC), 30.iv.1940 (1♂, VPIC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Great Falls
Park
</a>
                 , quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, 3-10.v.2007, D.R. Smith, CNC358447 (1♂, CNC), Charlottesv., 30.xi.1930, Webster Grvs, No. 30480s,  Helianthus tuberosa, [illegible], 14.iv.1931, Dr. Phillips (1♀, USNM), 20.xi.1930, No. 30480h (1♀, USNM), VT: Plainfield, 24.vi.1980, B.V. Peterson, CNC358504 (1♂, CNC), WI: Grant Co., Thomas Wet. Prairie, 30.ix.1997, A.H. Williams,  Helenium autumnale , [host plant] stripped of leaves and inflorescences, put into sterile containers over sterile soil and netted with hosiery, outdoors until 2.iii.1998 when caged in lab, em. 4-15.iv.1998, CNC934525-934529 (3♂ 2♀, WIRC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> While never directly compared in the literature, male terminalia and external morphology reveal strong similarities between  Melanagromyza vernoniana and  M. verbesinae , especially the phallus, which includes a distiphallus that is long and curved with the basal section abruptly swollen and globose with suspended ventrolateral tubules. </p>
            <p> The examined  Melanagromyza verbesinae paratypes have a faint greenish tint on the notum and a relatively broad, truncated surstylus, and were apparently used for the underlying original concept of the species. The wing length is also 2.4-2.8 mm, not 2.1 mm as noted in original description. Hosts are unknown for paratypes. Examination of the genitalia has also revealed that the basal section of the distiphallus is produced into one pair of weakly sclerotised, subtriangular dorsal plates. These genitalic features are also seen in the non-type material reared from  “artichoke” (Figs 314-317) and some specimens reared from  Helianthus annuus . The  M. vernoniana types (ex  Vernonia ) and the  M. verbesinae holotype (ex  Verbesina ) have a faint bluish tint on the notum, a slightly shallower epandrium, a narrower, rounded surstylus, and no dorsal plates arising from the basal globose section of the distiphallus; wing length is 2.3-2.8 mm. </p>
            <p> Aside from these type specimens, additional material has been examined exhibiting overlap in genitalic morphology between the two extremes outlined above. Some males have well-developed to reduced dorsal plates on the distiphallus and a narrower surstylus; specimens without these dorsal plates on the distiphallus sometimes have a stouter truncated surstylus, such as those reared from  Helianthus tuberosus and one male from H. annuus. Colouration is also not as distinct as previously considered. The green or blue shine is faint and difficult to discern, and while some specimens are clearly greener or bluer compared to others, intermediate colouration is sometimes evident. The difference in colouration, however, is much less than that seen in other  Melanagromyza species (although usually this is manifest on the abdomen, not the notum) and may be insignificant. The continuum of states seen in the genitalia, the similarities in colour and body length (which are not as disparate as previously considered), and the strong similarities in other external morphological features support the synonymy of these two species; this is compounded by the especially strong similarities between the  M. verbesinae holotype and the type material of  M. vernoniana . Rearing records of both extreme genitalic types from  Helianthus further support synonymy. </p>
            <p> Some of the newly recorded specimens examined here were reared from  “artichoke” at Webster Groves. This may refer to  Cynara scolymus , the "globe artichoke", but it is more likely that it refers to  Helianthus tuberosus , otherwise known as "Jerusalem artichoke", also studied at Webster Groves. The  Helenium -reared specimens were first reported as  Melanagromyza sp. in Williams (1999). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/964711EA55D70448D2AC6C1B47151F3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0FC7703F2B357CE72C912735AE9B4FE9.text	0FC7703F2B357CE72C912735AE9B4FE9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza virens (Loew 1869)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza virens (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 4, 56, 57, 62, 63, 318-324</p>
            <p> Agromyza virens Loew, 1869: 46. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza virens . Frick, 1952a: 380, 1957: 200 [lectotype designation], 1959: 367; Spencer 1969: 76; Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 51; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 25; Scheffer et al. 2007: 770; Shi and Gaimari 2015: 85. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza heterothecae Spencer, 1966b: 10. Syn Spencer (1969). </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 4, 56, 57, 62, 63, 324). Wing length 1.8-2.3 mm (♂), 2.4-2.6 mm (♀); female lectotype and paralectotype 2.9 mm and 3.2 mm, respectively. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.6-6.5. Gena usually deepest at 1/3 distance from anterior margin, or slightly behind. Clypeus broadly rounded. Ocellar triangle narrow, reaching level of posterior ori, sides concave. Fronto-orbital plate widest medially, broadest behind middle; slightly visible laterally, sometimes more so anteriorly; very broad, each plate usually at least 1/3 width of frons, sometimes nearly touching medially and sometimes slightly narrower in female; less commonly as narrow as 1/4 width of frons. Fronto-orbital plate and most of ocellar triangle subshiny. Frons and eye bulging anterodorsally.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two widely spaced ori; two ors. Orbital setulae relatively dense, long and bushy, especially in males where setulae usually exceed length of setulae on eye; in up to three or four rows; mostly lateroclinate, reclinate to erect, inner rows partially proclinate; brownish yellow. Eye narrowly pilose dorsomedially in male, nearly bare in female; relatively sparse on both. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Notum with light greenish shine, sometimes bluish. Calypter margin and hairs white. Abdomen (excluding tergite 1) strongly coppery or metallic green, but sometimes hints of both colours present; sometimes bluish in male or with stronger metallic blue shine in female.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 318-323) Epandrium with regularly developed to slightly elongate posterodistal spine. Surstylus narrow, produced and angled posteroventrally, with two or three irregular rows of tubercle-like setae that sometimes extend along entire length of surstylus or extend nearly to base in one to two rows; apical setae very elongate and either clustered apically or (more frequently) extended in irregular row to midpoint of surstylus. Basiphallus slightly separated from phallophorus, U-shaped with dorsal section straight; overlapping or nearly overlapping distiphallus. Mesophallus inserted before midpoint of distiphallus; base exceeding that of distiphallus. Distiphallus teardrop-shaped with ventrodistal surface dark, plate-like and with margins slightly to strongly sinuate (especially pronounced in illustrated male from Chicago); internal spinulose structure well-developed; ventrolateral tubules small, recessed.</p>
            <p>Variation: (Figs 62, 63) Lectotype female, DC male and Falls Church, VA male with fronto-orbital plate only 1/4 width of frons, and consequently with fewer rows of setulae; males with orbital setulae as long as setulae on eye. Female lectotype with seta on hind tibia on outer surface at basal 1/3 and abdomen with unusually pronounced blue metallic shine.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Eupatorium capillifolium ,  Heterotheca subaxillaris . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: BC, ON, NB*, QC. USA: DC, DE*, FL, IL, ID, MA, MD, NC*, NJ, NY*, PA, SC, TN*, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Lectotype [virens]: USA. PA:  “Penn” , "Loew coll", "virens m." (1♀, MCZ; type No. 15703). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Melanagromyza heterothecae ]: USA. FL: Hialeah, 18.vii.1962, ex. stem of  Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. And Rusby, C.E. Stegmaier (1♂, originally deposited in USNM). [Missing] </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                 Canada: NB: Sainte-Anne-de-Kent, 46°34'N, 64°47'W, 28-29.vii.2013, O. Lonsdale, CNC358532 (1♂, CNC) .   USA. DC: Washington, 17.viii.1913, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Washington, E bank CandO canal nr. Ariz. Ave., 23.i.1970, D.M. Anderson, reared from larva in stem  Vernonia noveboracensis , 25.ii.1970 (1♂, USNM), Washington, 20.i.1969, D.M. Anderson, ex. stem of  Eupatorium rugosum [illegible], emerged indoors 5.iii.1969 (1♀, USNM), Washington, E Bank CandO Canal nr. Ariz. Ave., reared from larva in stem  Vernonia noveboracensis , D.M. Anderson, 23.i.1970 (1♂, USNM), 28.iii.1970 (2♂ 1♀, USNM), 14.x.1969, reared 23.ii.1970 (3♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Cropley</a>
                 , 20.x.1968, D.M. Anderson, ex. stem  Vernonia noveboracensis , emerged indoors 16.ii.1969 (1♂, USNM), DE:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Gumboro</a>
                 , 2.viii.1952, C. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Rehoboth</a>
                 ,  “4/8/41” , A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), FL: Highlands Co., Archbold Bio. Sta., 13-19.iv.1970, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Cape Sable</a>
                 , 31.iii.1953, W.R.M. Mason (1♀, CNC), IL: Chicago, A.L. Melander, CNC358432 (1♂, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Glen Echo</a>
                 , 30.vii.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , 20.vii.1913, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Carteret Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Atlantic Beach</a>
                 , 3-4.ix.1986, G.F. and J.F. Steyskal (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Mongomery Co.</a>
                 , 4mi SW of Ashton,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Malaise</a>
                 trap, 26.v.1981, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Long Island</a>
                 , Cold Spring Harbor, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Ithaca</a>
                 , 31.v.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Cld. Sp. Harb., L.I., A.L. Melander, CNC358430 (1♂, CNC), PA: Spring Br., 9.v.1945, DDT  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Expt</a>
                 (1♂, USNM), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Cocke Co.</a>
                 , Twin Creeks Uplands Res. Lab, Great Smokey Mtn. N.P., 35°41.2'N, 83°30'W, 1900', 27.v.1999, S.D. Gaimari (1♂, USNM), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 3.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.5/lat 35.68667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.68667">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 , Dead Run, 5.v.1915, R.C. Shannon, CNC358431 (1♀, CNC), Falls Church, 11.iv.1923, W,. Middleton (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Nearctic  Melanagromyza with a medially swollen fronto-orbital plate were treated as either  M. virens or  M. splendida in most of the previous literature. Spencer later described  M. virginiensis in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b), and although he did not note the presence of this character in the description or key, a distinctly widened fronto-orbital plate is indeed present. A fronto-orbital plate  ¼ the width of the frons is also found in  M. vernoniae ,  M. vernoniana ,  M. walleyi Spencer, and several undescribed Nearctic species. </p>
            <p> In addition to the swollen fronto-orbital plates,  Melanagromyza virens was defined by the possession of a distinct surstylus that was narrow, bent and with several long, stout apical setae, a character that led Spencer (1969) to include  M. heterothecae as a junior synonym. Unfortunately the type specimens of  M. heterothecae cannot be located, but the illustrations of the phallus in the original description (Spencer 1966 b) agree with the structure of dissected  M. virens from Florida to Canada, and the synonymy is here maintained. While the surstylus is partially diagnostic of the species, a similar (or identical) surstylus is found in other species, including  M. matricarioides , which was incorrectly illustrated in Spencer (1969), and  M. walleyi Spencer from Tennessee. The phallus of this latter species (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 44, 45) is narrower, widest past the middle and abruptly constricted subapically, and the internal spinulose structure is smaller. </p>
            <p> The Albertan  Melanagromyza bidenticola Sehgal (Sehgal 1971: figs 26-31) is also similar to  M. virens , largely agreeing in external morphology and phallic structure. This species, however, is larger (2.8-3.0 mm ♂, 3.1-3.3 mm ♀), the ocellar triangle is longer, the eye is 4.9-5.9  × higher than the gena, the scutum is slightly more metallic and the overall pigment on the body is darker. With regards to the male genitalia, the surstylus is wider and not downturned, although the posterodistal setae are slightly thicker, the basiphallus is slightly thicker and the mesophallus is slightly longer (although this difference may be negligible). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0FC7703F2B357CE72C912735AE9B4FE9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
A80A2A13FFC7C11A92170305AC1A777E.text	A80A2A13FFC7C11A92170305AC1A777E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Melanagromyza virginiensis Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Melanagromyza virginiensis Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 58, 59, 325-328</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza virginiensis Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 248. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (Figs 58, 59). Wing length 3.1-3.2 mm (♂), 2.8-3.3 (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.7-5.9. Clypeus broadly rounded. Ocellar triangle slightly longer than wide. Fronto-orbital plate  ¼ width of frons, widest near middle. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle subshiny. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two widely separated ori; two ors. Eye extensively pilose, with hairs sparse excluding dense dorsal patch. Orbital setulae erect to slightly proclinate, and mostly lateroclinate. Two dorsocentral setae. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows. Mid tibia with two posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter, dark brown in base colour. Notum with light bluish tint anteriorly (often absent) and more intense greenish shine posteriorly. Calypter margin and hairs white. Female anepisternum with greenish tint. Abdomen (excluding tergite 1) metallic green.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 325-328) Epandrium with small posterodistal spine. Surstylus 1/2-length of epandrium and with several rows of tubercle-like setae on inner surface. Hypandrium subtriangular with short apical process. Metepiphallus smooth ventrally and with short ridge on separate lateral sclerite. Proepiphallus narrow and weakly sclerotised. Basiphallus U-shaped and relatively long. Distiphallus separated from phallophorus by height of basiphallus; base of distiphallus extending slightly past base of closely held mesophallus; large, stout, and well-developed with especially long, broad, high distal section. Ejaculatory apodeme large and well-developed.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Rudbeckia laciniata *. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>KS*, MA*, MD*, NH*, NY*, PA*, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Montgomeny Co., Blacksburg, 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358457 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. KS: Lawrence, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), MA: Boston, May, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), MD: Glen Echo, 28.v.1919, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Plummers Isl., at light, 28.iv.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), Chain Bridge, 12.ix.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), Montgomery Co.,  Bethseda , 3.vi.1972 (5♂, USNM), 28.v.1986 (1♀, USNM), 3.vi.1986 (2♀, USNM), 6.ix.1981 (1♂, USNM),  Howard Co. ,  Fulton , 21.v.1989, M.J. and R. Molineaux, J.E. Creeden (1♂, USNM), NC: Carteret, Co.,  Atlantic Beach , 3-4.ix.1984, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), NH:  Franconia Ntch , 8.vii.1931, A.L. Melander (2♀, USNM), NY:  Ithaca , 31.v.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂ 2♀, USNM), New York  City ,  “vCortlndPk” , 15.v.1926, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), PA:  Pittsburg ,  McCandless Township ,  Allegheny Co. , J. Plakidas, 20.ix.1978, "fly larva feed on gall tissue" (1♂, USNM), VA:  Glencarlyn , 12.vi.1920, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM),  Glencarlyn , 21.viii.1929, emg.,  “8-9.29” ,  Rudbeckia gall, J.C. Bridwell (1♂, USNM), nr.  Plummers Isl. , 19.x.1914, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM),  Montgomery Co. ,  Bethseda , 3.vi.1972, G. Steyskal (2♀, USNM),  Talbot Co. ,  McDaniel (Wades Point), 19-21.ix.1986, Malaise trap, salt marsh with flowering  Baccharis , W.E. Steiner (1♀, USNM),  Northampton Co. ,  Kiptopeke , 4-6.x.1986, W.E. Steiner et al. (1♂ 1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza virginiensis has widely separated ori, as in all other species of the  M. virens group, and the fronto-orbital plate is only  ¼ the width of the frons. The phallus is most diagnostic, with the distiphallus being especially long and stout-bodied with the distolateral margins nearly parallel and the ventrolateral tubules pronounced. </p>
            <p> While the host species is not mentioned on any of the specimen labels, the male collected by Plakidas was reared from  Rudbeckia laciniata (Plakidas 1982). It is interesting that this  Melanagromyza atypically induces a gall, as apparent from both  Plakidas’ specimen and the reared specimen from Virginia. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A80A2A13FFC7C11A92170305AC1A777E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
2338B588F0545D84F691C3EC61020653.text	2338B588F0545D84F691C3EC61020653.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Metopomyza Enderlein 1936	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Metopomyza Enderlein</p>
            <p> Metopomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 180. Type species:  Agromyza flavonota Haliday 1833, by monotypy. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 161; Zlobin 1995: 143, 2002b: 247. </p>
            <p> Metopomyza , defined and treated in reviews by Zlobin (1995, 2002b), is a small Holarctic genus hypothesized to be an ancient offshoot of  Phytoliriomyza that specialises on monocots (Spencer 1976 a, 1990). The dense arrangement of tubercle-like setae on the epandrium and the morphology of the hypandrial complex would certainly seem to support this notion, but similarities to the Palaearctic  Selachops are also numerous and require further examination.  Metopomyza superficially resembles  Liriomyza in having a yellow scutellum (uncommonly entirely dark) and a dark shiny scutum, but the head is darkly pigmented, at least laterally along the fronto-orbital plate, and the fronto-orbital plate is relatively pronounced and well-sclerotised, reaching (or nearly reaching) the lateral corner of the ocellar triangle to form the outline of an  “M” along the posterior margin of the frons. Internally, the epandrium has two comb-like bands of tubercle-like setae. The posterior larval spiracles have minute spherical bulbs on long stalks (Zlobin 1995). </p>
            <p> Six species of  Metopomyza are known from the Nearctic. Only  M. interfrontalis (Melander) is known from the Delmarva states. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2338B588F0545D84F691C3EC61020653	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
6EC35EFFB5A67EF73454B231064425B1.text	6EC35EFFB5A67EF73454B231064425B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Metopomyza interfrontalis (Melander 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Metopomyza interfrontalis (Melander)</p>
            <p>Figs 118, 119, 653-659</p>
            <p> Agromyza interfrontalis Melander, 1913: 263. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza xanthaspida Hendel, 1920: 144. Spencer 1981 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza (Haplomyza) xanthaspida . Hendel, 1931: 263. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza interfrontalis . Frick, 1952: 403. </p>
            <p> Metopomyza interfrontalis . Frick, 1959: 412. Spencer 1969: 198, 1981: 333; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 161; Zlobin 1995: 152. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (Figs 118, 119, 653). Wing length 1.4-1.8 mm (♂), 1.8-2.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 2.0-3.5. Costa ending at vein M (ending at R4+5 in some  Metopomyza ). Eye height divided by gena height: 3.1-4.0. First flagellomere slightly longer than high with anterodistal margin pointed, with point reduced to pronounced. Ocellar triangle rounded, barely larger than tubercle. Cheek weakly developed. Thorax with light pruinosity, but usually more matt; venter of pleuron shiny. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two to three ori; two ors; decreasing in size anteriorly. Orbital setulae well-developed, densely clustered anteriorly. Postocellar and ocellar setae slender, as long as ors. Three dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly, sometimes with much smaller fourth sutural to presutural dorsocentral. Acrostichal setulae in four irregular rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head brown with face (shiny medially) slightly darker, clypeus dark brown, and postgena and gena light brown with lower margin of gena dark and shiny; frons soft and yellowish brown to light brown with fronto-orbital plate (narrowing anteriorly), posterior margin and ocellar triangle dark brown. Scutum dark brown with wide yellow stripe on scutellum, and with notopleuron, postpronotum and supra-alar region slightly paler. Calypter hairs light brown, margin narrowly light brown. Legs dark brown with apices of femora yellow with spots on mid and hind femora sometimes reduced. Abdomen brown, tergites 1-5 uncommonly yellow laterally.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 654-659) Epandrium slightly produced and narrowed ventrally; with numerous tubercle-like setae on inner-medial ridge and along inner-distal margin, forming two dense, irregular comb-like rows; posterior margin ventral to cerci with several tubercle-like setae placed irregularly. Cercus very narrow and slender, with few short setae. Surstylus positioned and directed anteriorly, apex broadly rounded, free from epandrium; with several stout apical setae and one tubercle-like seta. Subepandrial sclerite broad and plate-like with dorsal region thicker and with one pair of short, ill-defined lateral arms, venter shallowly bilobed medially. Hypandrial lobe well-developed, with one seta; with pronounced anterobasal extension. Postgonite rounded apically, bare, with several sockets anteriorly, posteriorly split. Phallophorus slightly elongate and narrow. Basiphallus flat, dorsally confluent with phallophorus, apically split. Hypophallus broad, flat; lateral margins sclerotised and with inner-medial process. Paraphalli forming broad membranous leaf-like plates. Mesophallus cylindrical, constricted medially, length 2  × width. Distiphallus bifid with weak connection between halves and apex flared; sclerotised medially; slightly longer than basiphallus. Ejaculatory apodeme with abbreviated base, narrow stem that continues onto pale blade as sublateral rib; blade marginally striated; sperm pump clear. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - possibly  Cyperaceae or  Poaceae (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, NL, NT, NU, ON, QC, YT*. USA: AK, CA, CO*, CT*, ID*, IL, KS, MA*, MI, MO*, NH*, NY*, OR, TX, VA, WA. Europe. Russia.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [interfrontalis]: USA: DC: Washington (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Liriomyza xanthaspida ]: Germany:  “Germ.” (1♂ 1♀, NMW). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Bilby</a>
                 , 11.vi.1924, O. Bryant (1♀, USNM), BC: Ketchum L., 58°22'N, 131°45'W, 23.viii.1960, W.W. Moss, CNC391602 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Kinbasket Lake</a>
                 , 13.vi.2008, Cooper Beauchesne and Assoc. Ltd., CNC391604 (1♂, CNC), Toad R. Lodge, Mi422, Alaska Hwy, 1371 m, 20.vii.1959, E.E. MacDougall, CNC481025 (1♀, CNC), MB: Aweme, 19.vi.1917, N. Criddle, CNC391576 (1♂, CNC), 24.viii.1917, CNC391580 (1♀, CNC), Churchill, 58°46'N, 94°10'W, 17.viii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data f-C, CNC_ Diptera 59194 (1 ex, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Farnworth Lake</a>
                 , near Churchill, 58°41'N, 94°3'W, 26.vi.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data F-B, CNC_ Diptera 97098 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Fort Churchill</a>
                 , 58°46'N, 94°10'W, 10.vi.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data T-B 12, CNC_ Diptera 59199 (1 ex, CNC), 11.vi.1952, Ecological data F-B 12, CNC_ Diptera 97094 (1 ex, CNC), 11.vii.1952, Ecological data F-D 21, F-E 21, CNC_ Diptera 59201, CNC_ Diptera 97097, CNC_ Diptera 59202 (1♂ 2 ex, CNC), 17.vi.1952, Ecological data F-B 12, T-D 18, CNC_ Diptera 97088, CNC_ Diptera 97090, CNC_ Diptera 97095, CNC_ Diptera 59195-59197 (7 ex, CNC), 23.vi.1952, Ecological data T-G 11, CNC_ Diptera 97091 (1 ex, CNC), 24.vi.1952, Ecological data T-C 18, CNC_ Diptera 59200, CNC_ Diptera 97092 (2 ex, CNC), 28.vi.1952, Ecological data F-B 12, F-B 12, CNC_ Diptera 97087, CNC_ Diptera 97089, CNC_ Diptera 59193 (3 ex, CNC), 5.viii.1952, Ecological data F-B 12, CNC_ Diptera 97095 (1 ex, CNC), 15.vii.1949, L.A. Miller, CNC_ Diptera 97093 (1 ex, CNC), Mile 505,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Hudson Bay</a>
                 Ry., J.G. Chillcott, 13.v.1952, Biological data F-D, CNC391575 (1♂, CNC), NL: Labrador, Cartwright, 26.vi.1955, E.E. Sterns, CNC391569 (1♂, CNC),  Jack’s Pond, 75', 19.vi.1961, C.P. Alexander (1♂, USNM), Terra Nova N.P., 6.vii.1961, C.P. Alexander (1♂, USNM), Gander, 17.vi.1961, C.P. Alexander (1♂, USNM), Lomond, 12.vi.1961, C.P. Alexander (1♀, USNM), NT: Salmita Mines, 64°5'N, 111°15'W, 8.vii.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391598 (1♂, CNC), Yellowknife, 8.vi.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391599, CNC391600 (2♂, CNC), NS:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Smith's
Cave
</a>
                 , 6.viii.1925, A. Gibson, CNC391581 (1♀, CNC), NU: N.W.T.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Muskox Lake</a>
                 , 64°45'N, 108°10'W, 5.vi.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391596, CNC391597 (2♂, CNC), 5.vi.1953, CNC391585 (1♀, CNC), ON: Britannia, 1.vi.1948, G.E. Shewell, CNC391582 (1♀, CNC), Mer Bleue, 23.v.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC440465(1♀, CNC), Normandale, 42°42'N, 80°19'W, 2.vi.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391574 (1♂, CNC), 24.v.1956, CNC391573(1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 17.vi.1955, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391571(1♂, CNC), 6.vi.1958, CNC391572(1♂, CNC), 20.vii.1954, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391586 (1♀, CNC), 20.vii.1959, CNC391570 (1♂, CNC), Perth Road, 28.vii.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391603 (1♂, CNC), QC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Fort Chimo</a>
                 , 2.vii.1954, W.R. Richards, CNC391583 (1♀, CNC), Mi 139, Rte 58,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">La Verendrye Prov.</a>
                 Pk., 28.vi.1965, D.M. Wood, CNC391567 (1♂, CNC),  Mistassini ,  Mistassini Post, 50°25'N, 73°53'W, 7.vii.1956, J.R. McGillis, CNC391584 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">Port Chimo</a>
                 , 2.vii.1954, W.R. Richards, CNC391568 (1♂, CNC), YT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -130.41667/lat 62.5)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-130.41667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=62.5">North Fork Pass</a>
                 , Ogilvie Mts., 18.vi.1962, R.E. Leech, CNC391590 (1♀, CNC), Otter Lake, 62°30'N, 130°25'W, 17.vii.1960, J.E.H. Martin, CNC391587 (1♀, CNC)  .   Sweden. T. Ipm.,  Maunu , starr  på torvmosse [=sedge peat moss], nr 64, CNC391605, CNC391606 (1♂ 1♀, CNC)  .   USA. AK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Unalakleet</a>
                 , 19.vii.1961, B.S. Heming, CNC391589 (1♀, CNC), 22.vi.1961, R. Madge, CNC391577, CNC391595 (2♂, CNC), 24.vi.1961, CNC391578, CNC391579, CNC391601 (3♂, CNC), Umiat, 8.vii.1959, R. Madge, CNC391591 (1♀, CNC), CO: Nederland, 3mi N, 2.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391588 (1♀, CNC), CT: Putnam Park, 18.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂ 1♀, USNM), ID: Chateolet, viii.1915, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), IL: Savanna, 9.vii.1917, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), Champaign Co., 12.vii.1925, M.W. Shackleford, CNC391592 (1♀, CNC), 19.vii.1925, CNC391593 (1♀, CNC), 26.vii.1925, CNC391594 (1♀, CNC), KS:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Manhattan</a>
                 , 9.vi.1934, C.W. Sabrosky, MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Bedford</a>
                 , 20.vii.1961, swamp, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Concord</a>
                 , 27.vii.1961, marshy pond, W.W. Wirth (1♂ 2♀, USNM), MI:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">St. Joseph</a>
                 , 30.v.1938, C.W. Sabrosky (2♀, USNM), MO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Columbia</a>
                 , 7.viii.1968, Malaise, F.D. Parker (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Boone Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Columbia</a>
                 , 16-31.vii.1968, Malaise trap, F.D. Parker (1♂, USNM), NH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Stinson Lake</a>
                 , 23.vii.1961, W.W. Wirth (1?, USNM), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Allegany State park</a>
                 , 28.v-3.vi.1963, stream margin, W.W. Wirth (1♂ 2♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Chautauqua Co.</a>
                 , S. Dayton, 1.vi.1963, marsh area, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), OR:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Lane Co.</a>
                 , 8mi S Florence, 29.vi.1971, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), TX: Sonora Exp. Sta., 23.iii.1955, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Dead Run</a>
                 , 10.vi.1922, W.L. McAtee (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Chain Bridge</a>
                 , 10.ix.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.46667/lat 37.275)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.275">Pandapas Pond</a>
                 , 37°16'30N, 80°28'00W, 14.v.2001, O. Lonsdale (1♀, USNM), WA: Mt. Consititution, Orcas Id., 7.vii.1905, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6EC35EFFB5A67EF73454B231064425B1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
17E42C648F9954669B530D5931CDD55E.text	17E42C648F9954669B530D5931CDD55E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nemorimyza Frey 1946	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Nemorimyza Frey</p>
            <p> Nemorimyza Frey, 1946: 46 [as subgenus of  Dizygomyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza posticata Meigen, 1830, by monotypy. Frick 1959: 377 [as subgenus of  Phytobia ]; Nowakowski 1962: 97 [as genus]. Spencer 1986b: 87; Zlobin 1996: 273. </p>
            <p> Annimyzella Spencer, 1981: 144 [as subgenus of  Amauromyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza maculosa Malloch, 1913. Zlobin 1996 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Nemorimyza is a robust-bodied genus of  Phytomyzinae that closely resembles  Phytobia in its size and semi-circular, pale, silvery lunule (pale or dark in  Phytobia ), strong setae with the prescutellar acrostichals present, reclinate orbital setulae, and in having the costa extend to M1 (R4+5 in some  Phytobia ) and the apex of the wing between the ends of veins R4+5 and M1. Differences from other genera are few, however, making this a difficult taxon to diagnose. Zlobin (1996) was the most recent to thoroughly redefine the genus, and noted that the epandrium has a characteristic morphology, and the surstylus is free from the epandrium, angled posteroventrally and articulates with the subepandrial sclerite. Most species also have brown markings on the halter (Chen and Wang 2008) and some have a small mediolateral seta on the fore tibia. </p>
            <p> Within the genus, hosts are only known for two widespread species that also happen to occur in the Delmarva states. Both  Nemorimyza maculosa and  N. posticata are leaf-miners of  Asteraceae . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/17E42C648F9954669B530D5931CDD55E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
32FBED575288125042A82D91AED6D93D.text	32FBED575288125042A82D91AED6D93D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nemorimyza maculosa (Malloch 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Nemorimyza maculosa (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 660-666</p>
            <p> Agromyza setosa Loew, 1869. Misidentification. Coquillett 1898: 78. </p>
            <p> Agromyza maculosa Malloch, 1913: 302. Frost 1924: 45; Malloch 1934: 476. </p>
            <p> Agromyza guaranitica Brèthes , 1920: 283. Spencer 1963 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza maculosa . Blanchard, 1938: 358. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Amauromyza) maculosa . Frick, 1952a: 393, 1957: 393, 1959: 378; Spencer 1963: 336. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza maculosa . Spencer, 1967: 8. </p>
            <p> Amauromyza (Annimyzella) maculosa . Spencer, 1981: 144; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 80. </p>
            <p> Nemorimyza maculosa . Zlobin, 1996: 275; Martinez and Etienne 2002: 41; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 32; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 62; Monteiro et al. 2019: 175. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2-2.3 mm (♂), 2.2-3.1 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.4-8.4. First flagellomere rounded, slightly higher than long, hairs slightly longer and denser along distal margin. Gena narrow, strongly angled upwards; cheek very narrow. Fronto-orbital plate slightly to moderately distinct, extending slightly medially to base of fronto-orbitals, widest at level of posterior ors. Lunule semi-circular. Apex of wing between R4+5 and M1.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori; two ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae finer and slightly shorter than fronto-orbitals. Ocellar setulae reclinate, in one row. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly. Acrostichal seta short but well-developed. Six rows of acrostichal setulae. Fore tibia without lateromedial seta. Mid tibia with two strong lateromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body mostly dark brown to blackish; lunule brownish orange to yellowish with silvery pruinosity; antenna and frons between fronto-orbital plates sometimes slightly paler; gena sometimes paler or reddish, ventral margin with dark brown strip; postpronotum and notopleuron sometimes with small, limited orangish mottling; halter yellow; calypter entirely white. Notum subshiny.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 660-666) External genialia, subepandrial sclerite, and hypandrium as described for  N. posticata . Postgonite with anterior 1/2 relatively short and stout with apex cleft and single seta shifted anteriorly; posterior 1/2 pale and split. Phallus strongly twisted to right past phallophorus. Halves of basiphallus narrow, flat and curved ventrally around mesophallus at apex; left 1/2 with broad mediobasal plate-like extension reaching venter of shaft. Hypophallus broad and plate-like with lateral margin more thickly sclerotised and anterior surface with one pair of semi-circular fins medially. Paraphallus relatively dark, U-shaped, and wrapping around sides of mesophallus; paler and united ventromedially. Distiphallus with broad, dark, basal section that is confluent with mesophallus and ventromedially strengthened with longitudinal bands; apically with one pair of pale, diverging tubules that are ca. as long as basal section and appear to be haired, although surface is continuous. Mesophallus subovate, nearly as large as basal section of distiphallus, enclosing swollen apical section of ejaculatory duct; with large ventral fossa. Ejaculatory apodeme with wide asymmetrical base, stem narrow with apex grading into narrow, paler blade; sperm pump sclerotised along venter. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Acanthospermum ,  Ageratum ,  Arctium ,  Artemisia ,  Aster ,  Baccharis ,  Bellis ,  Bidens ,  Calendula ,  Chromolaena ,  Chrysanthemum ,  Conyza ,  Cynara ,  Dahlia ,  Dendranthema ,  Emilia ,  Erechtites ,  Erigeron ,  Eupatorium ,  Gaillardia ,  Gamochaeta ,  Grindelia ,  Helenium ,  Helianthus ,  Lactuca ,  Melanthera ,  Mikania ,  Packera ,  Senecio ,  Solidago ,  Sonchus ,  Synedrella ,  Tagetes ,  Taraxacum ,  Zinnia (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Diaz et al. 2015; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: ON (Spencer, 1981). USA: widespread in United States, including Hawaii, but not Alaska. Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Guadeloupe, Grand Cayman, Guyana, Martinique, Mexico (Valenzuela-Escoboza et al. 2017), Peru, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Saint-Martin, Trinidad, Uruguay, Venezuela (Martinez and Etienne 2002). Introduced to Madeira and Canary Islands (  Černý et al. 2018). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [maculosa]: USA. NY: Jamaica, x.1986, bred from chrysanthemum leaves, Cat. No. 15641 (1♀, USNM). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Syntype [  Agromyza guaranitica ]: Brazil. Rio Grande do Sul, larvae mining leaves of cultivated  Chrysanthemum [type information not given]. [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON: Ottawa, 16.vii.1976, P. Dang, leaf mine in  Aster , CNC480518 (6 puparia [gel capsule], CNC),  St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park , McDonald Is., 20.viii.1976, W. Reid, Code 4472-B, CNC480517 (1♂, CNC)  .   Chile. Elqui:  Port Tres Cruces , Coquimbo, 30.x.1957, L.E. Pena, CNC480520 (1♀, CNC), Hda. Illapel, Coquimbo, 600-1000 m, 24-25.x.1954, L. Pena, CNC480196 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. FL: Miami-Dade Co., Redlands, 25°31'N, 80°30'W, 7.i.2012, R. Diaz and J. McClurg, ex leaves of  Mikania micrantha CNC480525-480530 (2♂, 4♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Palm Beach Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Boynton Beach</a>
                 , 2.i.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Emilia em. 4.i.2016, #CSE2227, CNC654342-654345 (2♂ 1♀ 1puparium, CNC), HI:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Oahu</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Honolulu</a>
                 , 0-121 m, J.R. Vockeroth, ex blotch mine in  Bidens pilosa leaf, em. 26.ix.1966, CNC480522, CNC480521 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Worcester Co.</a>
                 , Sturbridge, 42°2'28.84"N, 72°5'32.47"W, 5.vii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Erechtites hieraciifolia , em. 23-24.vii.2016, #CSE2797, CNC654276- 654289 (7♂ 6♀ 1puparium, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 , Nantucket, Little Sesachacha Pond, 2.ix.2012, J.A. Blyth, ex  Erechtites hieracifolia em. 3.x.2012, #CSE109, CNC480523, CNC480524 (2♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 , Nantucket, N.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Liberty St.</a>
                 , 41°17'N, 70°6'W, 7.viii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Erigeron canadensis , em. 23.viii.2012, #CSE43, CNC480555, CNC480556 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Scotland Co.</a>
                 , Laurinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 2.vi.2015, em. 15-16.vi.2015, T.S. Feldman, ex  Erechtites hieraciifolia , #CSE1622, CNC653950-653953 (3♀ 1 puparium, CNC), OH:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Hocking Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">South Bloomingville</a>
                 , Deep Woods Farm, 6.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Erigeron canadensis , em. 24.viii.2016, #CSE2935, CNC654477 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Hocking Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">South Bloomingville</a>
                 , Deep Woods Farm, 6.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Erechtites hieraciifolia em. 26-29.viii.2016, #CSE2953, CNC638902 (1♀, CNC), SC: Hilton Head Is., 12.vii.1965, H.F. Howden, CNC480519 (1♀, CNC), OK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Payne Co.</a>
                 , Mehan, 36°0'51.62"N, 96°59'48.28"W, 30.v.2016, em. 23.vi.2016, M.W. Palmer,  Grindelia squarrosa , #CSE2615, CNC634780, CNC634781 (2♀, CNC)  . 
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/32FBED575288125042A82D91AED6D93D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
6517A1B02813D03A3EBF090A828B8461.text	6517A1B02813D03A3EBF090A828B8461.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen 1830)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen)</p>
            <p>Figs 121-123, 667-674</p>
            <p> Agromyza posticata Meigen, 1930: 172. Malloch 1913: 308; Frost 1924: 50. </p>
            <p> Agromyza virgauriae Kaltenbach, 1869: 195. Hendel 1920 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza virgaureae . Emendation. Kaltenbach 1874: 331. </p>
            <p> Agromyza terminalis Coquillett, 1895: 318. Malloch 1913 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza taeniola Coquillett, 1904: 191. Malloch 1913 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza argenteolunulata Strobl, 1909: 294. Hendel 1920 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza parvicornis (Loew). Misidentification, in part. Melander 1913: 254. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Dendromyza) posticata . Hendel, 1931: 30. </p>
            <p> Dizygomyza (Nemorimyza) posticata . Frey, 1946: 42. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Phytobia) posticata . Frick, 1957: 390. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Nemorimyza) posticata . Frick, 1959: 377. </p>
            <p> Nemorimyza posticata . Nowakowski, 1962: 97; Spencer 1969: 161, 1976: 308, 1981: 162; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 87; Zlobin 1996: 275; Martinez and Etienne 2002: 40; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005: 32; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Mlynarek and Heard 2018: 885; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 62. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p> (Figs 121-123). Wing length 2.8-3.2 mm (♂), 2.9-3.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 10.9-17.2. First flagellomere small, rounded, distal region with slightly longer, denser hairs that medially form an ill-defined to discrete denser subovate patch (similar to some  Agromyza ). Fronto-orbital plate evenly narrow, reaching level of inner base of fronto-orbitals. Gena very narrow, strongly angled upwards; cheek very narrow. Lunule semi-circular. Apex of wing between R4+5 and M1. Body subshiny, less so on fronto-orbital plate. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta thinner, 2/3-3/5 length); two ors. Orbital setulae reclinate, in one row. Three strong dorsocentral setae postsuturally, decreasing in length anteriorly; enlarged setula sometimes close in front of anterior dorsocentral. Acrostichal seta strong. Acrostichal setulae in six rows. Fore tibia with weak lateromedial seta. Mid tibia with two strong lateromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body mostly dark brown; lunule dirty yellow with silvery pruinosity; antenna and sometimes legs slightly paler brown; scutum slightly paler laterally; apex of fore femur and sometimes base of fore tibia usually narrowly yellow, and if so, mid and hind legs sometimes similarly pigmented; male abdomen dirty white dorsally past tergite 3 with tergite 4 browner and with ill-defined brown anteromedial spot, but sometimes tergite 4 mostly dark with only posterior margin whitish, or tergite 3 with whitish pigment posterolaterally. Wing veins yellow with costa and marginal section of veins brownish.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 667-674) Epandrium broad, shallow, free from surstylus. Surstylus apically rounded, appearing small and lobate externally, but continuing along inner surface of epandrium as elongate plate; mostly short setose with minute pale tubercles along inner margin. Cercus narrow, tapering apically. Subepandrial sclerite broad, dark, somewhat H-shaped with longer dorsal arms and ventromedial bar with ventral margin shallowly lobate and minutely textured; with one pair of very large, stout and striated ventral sublateral setae. Hypandrium subtriangular with irregular apex, inner lobe well-developed and setose, extending along outer margins of postgonite. Postgonite bare; well-developed with apex cleft and posterior region paler and ill-defined with arm nearly separate. Phallus strongly twisted to right past phallophorus. Halves of basiphallus strongly curved inwards at apex, which is lobate, weakly joined to remainder of sclerite, and with distal margin thick and dark; left sclerite subquadrate, wider than long, wrapped around venter of shaft; base of right 1/2 wider and with inner margin thicker and darker. Hypophallus broad, plate-like and with inner-medial emargination. Paraphallus forming irregular dorsal and lateral complex around base of meso/distiphallus. Mesophallus somewhat pear-shaped, fusing to ventromedial surface of distiphallus, with one pair of ventromedial fossae (basal fossa larger). Distiphallus with broad basal section that is slightly compressed dorsoventrally (more so towards base), and with large dorsomedial plate emerging before darker, shallower shelf supporting numerous minute spicules; apically with U-shaped arch directed distally that supports fringe of hairs that continue dorsally along a flat, elongate dorsoapical process to form a ring. Ejaculatory apodeme with wide asymmetrical base and short, ill-defined stem grading into small, pale blade; sperm pump with irregular, somewhat patchy sclerotisation on venter.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Aster ,  Baccharis ,  Buphthalmum ,  Doellingeria ,  Elephantopus ,  Erechtites (?),  Eurybia (leaf mines),  Euthamia ,  Helianthus ,  Oclemena ,  Polymnia ,  Solidago ,  Symphyotrichum ,  Teucrium ,  Verbesina ,  Vernonia .  Lamiaceae -  Teucrium . (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018; Ellis 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB*, ON, QC. USA: Likely present throughout (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Europe. Costa Rica, Venezuela (Martinez and Etienne 2002). Japan. Republic of Korea*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [posticata]: Germany. Stolberg near Aachen (1♂, MNHN). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Type [  Agromyza virgaureae ]: [Type data unknown]. [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Agromyza terminalis ]: USA. FL: Welaka, 9.v.1894, C.W. Johnson (1♂, USNM), PA: Delaware County, 23.vii.1893, C.W. Johnson (1♂, USNM). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Syntype [  Agromyza taeniola ]: USA.CA: Mountains near Claremont, C.F. Baker Type No. 8040 (1♂, USNM). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza argenteolunulata ]: Austria. Admont (1♀, location unknown). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Kananaskis, For. Exp. Sta. Seebe, 18.vii.1968, H.J. Teskey, CNC480551 (1♀, CNC), MB: Western Manitoba, Riding Mountain National Park,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.72/lat 45.316998)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.72&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.316998">Moon Lake</a>
                 hiking trail, 50°53'N, 100°3'W, 662 m, 13.vii.2008, J. Cossey, N. Jeffery, J. Straka, CNC480531 (1♂, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 11.viii.1978, D.B. Lyons, Code-7432V, CNC480548 (1♀, CNC), 24.viii.1978, S.J. Miller, Code-7485W, CNC480549 (1♂, CNC), NS:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.72/lat 45.316998)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.72&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.316998">Highland Rd.</a>
                 , 15-20 mi N Hunter, 8.vii.1984, H.J. Teskey, CNC480552 (1♂, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 45°19'1.20"N, 75°43'12"W, 90 m, 13.vi.2016, J.E.  O’Hara , Malaise trap, CNC629594 (1♂, CNC), Griffith, 10.vii.1991, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480545 (1♂, CNC), Mer Bleu [e], 5mi E, 6.viii.1966, D.D. Munroe, Malaise trap, CNC480550 (1♀, CNC), Metcalfe, 29.vi.1994, B.E. Cooper, CNC480546 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, Montfort Hosp. wood, 2.viii.1993, J.R. Vockeroth, aerial sweep, CNC480539 (1♂, CNC), 28.viii.1993, CNC480543 (1♀, CNC), 7.viii.1993, CNC480537 (1♀, CNC), 9.viii.1993, CNC480544 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, damp second growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 19.ix.2000, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480538 (1♀, CNC), 2.vii.2003, CNC480541, CNC480542 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 29.vi.1994, CNC480540 (1♀, CNC), QC: Gatineau Co., Masham Twp., 10-20.vii.1974, D.M. Wood, CNC480547 (1♂, CNC)  .   Republic of Korea. Gangwon-do: Chuncheon Nam-myeoh, Balsan,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 127.583336/lat 37.733334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=127.583336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=37.733334">Hongchron River</a>
                 ., 37°44'N, 127°35'E, 14.vi.2006, P. Tripotin, Malaise trap, large sandbar CNC475540, CNC475546 (2♂, CNC)  .   USA. FL: Highlands Co., Sebring,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Highlands Hammock State Park</a>
                 , 29.iii.2013, em. 30.iv.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Elephantopus elatus , #CSE395, CNC422917-422919 (2♀ 1 puparium, CNC), IA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Winneshiek Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Cresco</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Cold Water Creek Rd.</a>
                 , 43°25'55.97"N, 92°00'34.78"W, 16.vii.2015, em. 5.viii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago gigantea , #CSE1962, CNC564703 (1♀, CNC), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Berkshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Lenox</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Mahanna Cobble</a>
                 , 12.vii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Euthamia graminifolia , em. 2.viii.2016, #CSE2836, CNC654234 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Franklin Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Northfield</a>
                 , 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 11.x.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Solidago ?, em. 27.iii.2014, #CSE1032, CNC384732 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Franklin Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Northfield</a>
                 , 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 30.ix.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Euthamia graminifolia , em. 26.iii.2014, #CSE1027, CNC384779, CNC384780 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Franklin Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Northfield</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Crag Mountain</a>
                 , 16.x.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Oclemena acuminata , em. 29.iii.2014, #CSE1039, CNC384754-384757 (3♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Hampshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Northampton Bikeway</a>
                 west of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">King St.</a>
                 , 13.ix.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Symphyotrichum cordifolium , em. 29.iii.2014, #CSE1041, CNC384734 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Hampshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Northampton</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Mineral Hills</a>
                 , 28.ix.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Symphyotrichum puniceum , em. 27.iii.2014, #CSE1031, CNC384792 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Nantucket</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Dead Horse Valley</a>
                 , 6.viii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago latissimifolia , em. 26.viii.2012, #CSE45, CNC480533 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Nantucket</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Ice Pond Lot</a>
                 , 5.viii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, leaf mine in  Baccharis hamilifolia , em. 26.viii.2012, #CSE46, CNC480534 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Nantucket</a>
                 , UMass field station, 11.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Solidago altissima , em. 2.vii.2013, #CSE641, CNC384796 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Squam Swamp</a>
                 , 12.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago latissimifolia , em. 3.vii.2013, #CSE646, CNC392660 (1♂, CNC), ME:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Hancock Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Penobscot</a>
                 , Battle Is., 18.vi.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago sempervirens CNC480536 (1♂, CNC), MO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Williamsville</a>
                 , 14.vii.1969, Malaise trap, CNC480553, CNC480554 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Franklin Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Gray Summit</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Shaw Nature Reserve</a>
                 , 1.vii.2015, em. 27.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Helianthus ?hirsutus, #CSE1869, CNC564677 (1♂, CNC), NC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Scotland Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Laurinburg</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">St. Andrews University</a>
                 , 15.v.2015, em. 7.vi.2015, T.S. Feldman, ex  Solidago , #CSE1592, CNC564670 (1♂, CNC), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Essex Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Upper Jay</a>
                 , nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Bartlett Rd.</a>
                 , 3.vi.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago CNC480535 (1♂, CNC), OH: Delaware Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Sunbury</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Monkey Hollow Rd.</a>
                 , 2.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Teucrium canadense em. 24.viii.2016, #CSE2934, CNC638881 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Adams Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">West Union</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Eulett Center</a>
                 (4274 Waggoner Riffle Road), 30.vii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Vernonia , em. 19.viii.2016, #CSE2917, CNC654484, CNC654485 (2♀, CNC), SC: Hilton Head Is., 12.vii.1965, H.F. Howden, CNC480532 (1♀, CNC), OK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Payne Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Mehan</a>
                 , 13.x.2015, M.W. Palmer,  Elephantopus carolinianus em. 11.iv.2016, #CSE2363, CNC653989 (1♂, CNC), 24.viii.2015, M.W. Palmer,  Elephantopus carolinianus em. 14.ix.2015, #CSE2056, CNC654005 (1♂, CNC), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Davidson Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Oak Hill</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Radnor Lake</a>
                 , 22.viii.2017, em. 19-23.ix.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Polymnia canadensis , #CSE4291, CNC939947-939956 (4♂ 6♀, CNC), TX:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -92.00966/lat 43.432217)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-92.00966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.432217">Edwards Co.</a>
                 , 1.3 miles NW of Campwood, 16.iii.2017, em. 30.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Verbesina virginica , #CSE3600, CNC941261 (1♀, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Nemorimyza posticata was found by Mlynarek and Heard (2018) to be a "complex of differentiated lineages " that had "substantial and complex genetic structure". Within this putative species, which as a whole exhibited a wide range of host and habitat preference, there was evidence for mostly host-associated, but also habitat-associated differentiation within and between genetic groups. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6517A1B02813D03A3EBF090A828B8461	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0E0E0E67088393BBF15C7E0385CCC414.text	0E0E0E67088393BBF15C7E0385CCC414.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia abutilivora Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Ophiomyia abutilivora Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 71, 72, 329-331</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia abutilivora Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 250; Eiseman et al. 2021: 16. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 71, 72). Wing length 2.0-2.3 mm (♂♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.0-5.7. Facial carina present with narrow medial bulb. Gena slightly angled forward, highest near midpoint of eye. Clypeus slightly tapering apically. Fronto-orbital plate very narrow, ocellar triangle nearly extending to posterior ori. Notum shiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Orbital setulae reclinate. Male vibrissal fasciculus absent. Two ori; two ors. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown with gena paler. Wing veins yellow to brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 329-331) Inner posterodistal margin of epandrium with rows of minute tubercles. Distal margin of surstylus broad and truncated with rows of pointed tubercle-like setae on inner surface. Metepiphallus with subapical spine. Basiphallus with slender dorsoventral arms, partially fused to phallophorus. Hypophallus membranous, carinate. Distiphallus small and spade-shaped (broad basally and strongly tapered apically); apex with long, tapered flagellum that has base surrounded by light sclerotisations; mesophallus narrow, barely wider than duct. Ejaculatory apodeme stout, well-developed, with blade relatively narrow.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Malvaceae -  Abutilon theophrasti ,  A. permolle . Adults taken from  Sida cordifolia (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b) and possibly  Alcea . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DE*, FL, IA, MD*, MN, MS; stem mines only in IL and WI (Eiseman et al. 2021).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MN: Dakota Co., Rosemount, Agricultural Research Station, 13.ix.1978, R.N. Andersen and R. Ralston (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p> . USA. FL: Broward Co., Ft. Lauderdale, 14.iii.1980, H.E. Walker, Fl.  Abutilon permolle , MN: Rosemount, 13.ix.1987, ex.  Abutilion theophrasti (1♂ 3♀, USNM), MS: Stoneville, 22.x.1979, K.E. Frick, 79-25, ex. stem gall  Abutilion theophrasti (4♂ 1♀, USNM), Merigold, 22.x.1979, K.E. Frick, 79-25, ex. stem gall  Abutilion theophrasti (1♂ 2♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. DE:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Newark</a>
                 , 6.ix.1960, hollyhock, P. Burbutis (2♂, USNM), Newark,  “8/10/1953” (1♂, USNM), IA: Winneshiek Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Decorah</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -91.801834/lat 43.3014)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-91.801834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.3014">Trout Run Trail</a>
                 , 43°18'5.04"N, 91°48'6.60"W, 10-13.viii.2017, J. van der Linden,  Abutilion theophrasti , em. by 26.vii.2017, #CSE4940, CNC1643668, CNC1643669 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), MD: Montgomery Co., 4mi SW of Ashton, 6.ix.1981, Malaise trap, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The distiphallus of  Ophiomyia abutilivora is highly reduced and lobate, with the apex continuing distally as a long membranous flagellum. A similar phallus is found in the larger  O. tiliae , but the clypeus of this species is nearly rounded, the distiphallus appears pear-shaped when viewed ventrally, the apical flagellum points ventrally and there is one pair of membranous "wings" ventral to the distiphallus. Other putative Nearctic relatives (based on the genitalic figures in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b and Spencer 1969) are more western in distribution, including the Californian species  O. bernardensis Spencer,  O. shastensis Spencer, O. jacintensis Spencer, and O. yolensis Spencer, and possibly O. monticola Seghal from northern Canada and Alaska. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E0E0E67088393BBF15C7E0385CCC414	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5B849112813E44809A6E99A6F556C1F6.text	5B849112813E44809A6E99A6F556C1F6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia Braschnikov 1897	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Ophiomyia Braschnikov</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia Braschnikov, 1897: 40 [as subgenus of  Agromyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza maura Meigen, 1838 [misidentified as curvipalpis Zetterstedt], by monotypy. Hendel 1920: 114 [as genus]; Frick 1952a: 375; Spencer 1964: 775, 1969: 81; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 37;  Černý 1994: 455; Lonsdale 2014: 486. </p>
            <p> Tylomyza Hendel, 1931: 181 [as subgenus of  Ophiomyia ]. Type species:  Madiza pinguis Fallén , 1820, by original designation. Enderlein 1936a: 179 [as genus]. Syn. Spencer (1964 a). </p>
            <p> Stiropomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 179. Type species:  Phytomyza aeneonitens Strobl, 1893, by monotypy. Syn. Frick (1952a) [not explicit]. </p>
            <p> Siphonomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 179. Type species:  Agromyza proboscidea Strobl, 1900, by monotypy. Syn. Frick (1952a) [not explicit]. </p>
            <p> Aulomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 179. Type species:  Melanagromyza longilingua Hendel, 1920, by monotypy. Frick 1952a: 375 [as synonym of  Melanagromyza ]. Syn Spencer (1966 a) [as synonym of  Ophiomyia ]. </p>
            <p> Siridomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 179. Type species:  Ophiomyia madizina Hendel, 1920 [=  A. nasuta Melander], by monotypy. Syn. Frick (1952a) [as synonym of  Tylomyza , not explicit]. </p>
            <p> Solenomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 179. Type species:  Melanagromyza rostrata Hendel, 1920, by monotypy. Frick 1952a: 375 [as synonym of  Melanagromyza ]. Syn Spencer (1966 a) [as synonym of  Ophiomyia ]. </p>
            <p> Stirops Enderlein, 1936a: 179 [nomen nudum - no type species designated]. </p>
            <p> Stirops Enderlein, 1936b: 42 [attributed to Enderlein 1936a]. Type species:  Ophiomyia submaura Hering, 1926, by original designation [Enderlein 1936b: 42]. Syn. Frick (1952a) [not explicit]. </p>
            <p> Triopisopa Enderlein, 1936a: 179 [nomen nudum - no type species designated]. </p>
            <p> Triopisopa Enderlein, 1936b: 42. Type species:  Agromyza simplex Loew, 1869, by original designation. Frick 1952a: 375 [as synonym of  Melanagromyza ]. Syn. Spencer (1966 a) [as synonym of  Ophiomyia ]. </p>
            <p> Hexomyza Enderlein, 1936a: 179 [nomen nudum - no type designation]. </p>
            <p> Hexomyza Enderlein, 1936b: 42 [attributed to Enderlein (1936a)]. Type species:  Melanagromyza sarothamni Hendel, 1923, by original designation. Hendel 1936: 570 [as synonym of  Melanagromyza - followed by Frick (1952a)]; Spencer 1966 a: 38, 1969: 79; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 34. Syn. Lonsdale (2014). </p>
            <p> Carinagromyza Sasakawa, 1954: 23. Type species:  Carinagromyza heringi Sasakawa, 1954 [=  Ophiomyia sasakawai Spencer and Martinez 1987], by original designation. Spencer and Martinez 1987 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Penetagromyza Spencer, 1959: 253. Type species:  Penetagromyza aloes Spencer, 1959, by original designation. Spencer 1990: 390, 1991: 57. Syn. Lonsdale (2014). </p>
            <p> Kleinschmidtimyia Spencer, 1986: Spencer, 1986: 249. Type species:  Melanagromyza pisi Kleinschmidt, 1961, by original designation. Spencer 1990: 391. Syn. Lonsdale (2014). </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia is a diverse, widespread genus sometimes mistaken for other  Agromyzinae such as  Melanagromyza and  Euhexomyza , but many species exhibit unusual diagnostic external features and varied male genitalic morphology. All examined Nearctic species and virtually all global species, can be diagnosed by an apically truncated clypeus, as discussed in Lonsdale (2014). While the clypeus may sometimes be bulging or broadly rounded, the anterolateral margins are angulate, not rounded. The clypeus is usually also very thin and elongate, with the arms frequently bowed outwards, being particularly pronounced in those species with an anteriorly produced gena. Although several  Melanagromyza such as  M. buccalis and the new species  M. glyptos approach the derived state seen in  Ophiomyia , their relationship with the rest of  Melanagromyza is revealed by dorsally pilose eyes, ventrolateral tubules on the distiphallus and a symmetrical basiphallus. </p>
            <p> Other useful diagnostic characters of  Ophiomyia are as follows: if present, there is only a single posteromedial seta on the mid tibia (usually two in other  Agromyzinae ); the calypter is usually brown marginally (white in most other  Agromyzinae ); there is usually a medial vertical carina separating the antennal bases and the centre of this carina usually also has a medial swelling that is spindle-shaped to subspherical. The gena is also often produced anteriorly, at least slightly, and can be strongly produced with an apical fasciculus. This fasciculus is an aggregation of multiplicated vibrissae that are variably fused to produce a  “horn” . In many species, the inner lobe of the hypandrium is differentiated into two distinct sclerites (but see  O. simplex ): a setulose, arched sclerite (also found in  Melanagromyza and  Euhexomyza ) and a flat subovate sclerite. The proepiphallus is also expanded laterally to form one pair of upcurved, strongly pigmented lobes (plate-like in  O. simplex ), the metepiphallus usually has one pair of ventromedial spines (not multiple spines, as is characteristic of most  Melanagromyza ), and the sclerites of the basiphallus are usually fused basally with the left sclerite atrophied. Lastly, the distiphallus is usually somewhat asymmetric, being slightly twisted sinistrally, and there are no paired ventrolateral tubules (characteristic of  Melanagromyza ). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B849112813E44809A6E99A6F556C1F6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5ADC716576347465B02DCA1644E6E349.text	5ADC716576347465B02DCA1644E6E349.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia capitolia Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia capitolia sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 332-336</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.7 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.2. Eye slightly angled diagonally. Facial carina stout, slightly more narrow than stout bulb. Gena shallowly produced, projecting at 60° angle with margins straight. Clypeus narrow and truncated. Buccal cavity narrowed anteriorly with anterior margin straight. Distance between crossveins more than length of dm-m. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate (narrow) subshiny and ill-defined.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male with vibrissal fasciculus ~ 1/2 length of gena. Two ori; two ors. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 332-336) Metepiphallus small, pale and with one pair of ventromedial spines. Epiphallic lobes clear with dark floating sclerite. Halves of basiphallus broadly fused at base with remainder of left sclerite absent; right sclerite relatively short and truncated with long distoventral process reaching venter. Mesophallus continuing distally as thick ridge that bifurcates apically; distiphallus pale and globular with inner surface minutely spinulose. Ejaculatory apodeme with long dark stalk and several annulations on striated blade; sperm pump with weak sclerotisation.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DC.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific name refers to the fact that the type was collected in the United States capitol.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC: Washington, 17.viii.1913, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia capitolia is one of the smaller Delmarva  Ophiomyia with a male wing length of 1.7 mm. This species also has a distinct genal process, a long fasciculus and a relatively distinct wrinkle under the eye within the cheek. Only examination of the male genitalia can provide reliable identification of this species (see key). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5ADC716576347465B02DCA1644E6E349	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
66F2D91A2CF7A724C96880EF9D349B3F.text	66F2D91A2CF7A724C96880EF9D349B3F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia coniceps (Malloch 1915)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia coniceps (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 75-77, 82, 337-341</p>
            <p> Agromyza coniceps Malloch, 1915a: 107. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia coniceps . Frick 1952a: 382; Spencer 1969: 85, 1981: 75; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 46; Shi, Chunyan and Gao 2015: 59; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 19. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 75-77, 82). Wing length 1.7-1.9 mm (♂), 2.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.9-1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.8. Facial carina distinct with large medial bulb; carina as broad as bulb dorsally with sides diverging. Eye angled diagonally. Gena strongly produced anteriorly, forming an ~ 45° angle. Parafacial also strongly produced, visible laterally, and blending into gena. Fronto-orbital plate narrow. Clypeus strongly produced and narrowed anteriorly, with apex slightly expanded; sides bowed laterally, widest near base. Sides of ocellar triangle slightly concave; triangle subshiny but sometimes glossier. Crossveins separated by length of dm-m or less.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus short and upcurved, not longer than genal process. Two ori (not three, as stated in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b); two ors. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown. Fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle reddish in DE male. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Abdomen sometimes with faint coppery/golden shine. Wing veins brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 337-341) Surstylus broad, rounded, short, slightly produced ventrally, inner-distal surface with two to three rows of tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium pointed apically, sides slightly bowed, basal arms sinuate. Postgonite typical, narrow with dorsal 1/2 weakly attached and dorsally directed. Phallophorus dark and constricted at base, narrow, venter longer, swollen and produced. Basiphallus with arms united at base, left arm short, weak, and ill-defined, right arm long, reaching level of mesophallus. Mesophallus cylindrical, clear, inserted ventromedially into distiphallus. Distiphallus, large, mostly empty with medial shelf-like process that is slightly angled apically; somewhat ovate in ventral view with basal 1/2 narrower and slightly longer; inner surface minutely textured basally, with longer spinules medially, apically with shallow tubercles and striations to left side and longer rounded spinules to right side; mostly open dorsally; left ventrodistal margin produced as characteristic lobe that may be modestly to strongly developed.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Antennaria plantaginifolia and possibly other  Antennaria ;  Sonchus asper (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: BC, MB, ON, QC, SK. USA: CA, DE*, IN, LA, MA, OK, UT, VA*; possibly also AL, CT, IA, WI (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. UT: Salt Lake, 14.viii.1914, ex.  Sonchus asper , P.H. Timberlake (1♀, USNM; type No. 193904). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. MB:  Aweme , 2.vi.1916, N. Criddle, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM)  .   USA. DE:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Newark</a>
                 , 1.vii.1974 (1♂, USNM), IN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Evansville</a>
                 , 7.v.1914, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), LA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Lake Charles</a>
                 , 9.vi.1917, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), MA: Hampshire Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Granby</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Mt. Norwottuck</a>
                 , 27.iii.2012, em. 11.iv-24.iv.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Antennaria plantaginifolia (5♂ 3♀, CNC), OK:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Payne Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -96.99674/lat 36.01434)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-96.99674&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.01434">Mehan</a>
                 , 36.014339°N, 96.996744°W, 10.xii.2015, em. 15.i.2016, M.W. Palmer, ex  Antennaria plantaginifolia , #CSE2214, CNC653970-653972 (2♂ 1♀, CNC), 12.xii.2015, em. by 12.i.2016, M.W. Palmer, ex  Antennaria plantaginifolia , #CSE2216, CNC653988 (1♂, CNC), 14.i.2016, em. by 10-16.ii.2016, M.W. Palmer, ex  Antennaria plantaginifolia , #CSE2237, CNC654000-654002 (3♂, CNC), 27.ii.2017, em. 18.iii- 15.vi.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Antennaria plantaginifolia , #CSE3229, CNC939913-939917 (3♂ 2♀, CNC), VA: Luray, 24.vi.1933, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Page Co., 7mi W of Lunay, 8.vii.1978, G.F. Hevel (1♂, USNM), Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 3.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia coniceps will key to  O. apta Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b: figs 224-226) because the number of ori in that work is incorrectly recorded as three, not two. This can no longer be directly verified from the holotype, however, since the head is missing, but the original illustration and description in Malloch (1915) clearly indicates two ori.  Ophiomyia coniceps has the most pronounced genal process of any Delmarva species, a strongly projecting parafacial and most important for diagnostic purposes, a very short and sometimes wide vibrissal fasciculus that is usually sharply pointed. The male genitalia are similar to those of other  Ophiomyia with a fasciculus, but the outline of the distiphallus, the longer inner-medial spinules, and especially its small left ventrodistal lobe are unique. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/66F2D91A2CF7A724C96880EF9D349B3F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
18FACF14FB57D9EAFD56CFDEF230CB2A.text	18FACF14FB57D9EAFD56CFDEF230CB2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia cuprea Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia cuprea sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 342-345</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 9.3. Facial carina relatively long below, nearly as wide as bulb and with diverging margins above. Clypeus narrow. Gena slightly projecting, forming almost a 60° angle. Ocellar triangle subshiny around ocelli. Fronto-orbital plate thin and subshiny. Buccal cavity narrowed anteriorly with anterior margin straight. Distance between crossveins more than length of dm-m.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male with vibrissal fasciculus ~ 2/3 length of gena and strongly upcurved. Two ori on right side, three on left; two ors. Setae on mid tibia not visible, possibly absent. Five to six rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Abdomen with weak coppery shine. Veins light brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 342-345) Surstylus ~ 1/2 length of epandrium, rounded marginally and with tubercle-like setae on inner surface. Metepiphallus pale with one pair of ventromedial spines. Epiphallic lobe clear with dark sclerite. Halves of basiphallus broadly fused at base with remainder of left sclerite absent; right sclerite apically broad and truncated. Distiphallus dark and well-sclerotised with distinct basal and distal sections - basal section high, tapered to base, minutely spinulose internally and with internal dorsomedial hook; distal section shallower, with left margin receding and minutely tuberculedridged, and right 1/2 longer, internally spinulose and ill-defined apically.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific epithet is derived from the Latin for coppery, referring to the colour of the abdomen, which has a weak metallic lustre.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MD: nr. Plummers Isl., 5.v.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The head (particularly the gena) and genitalia of  Ophiomyia cuprea are similar to those of the Californian  O. delecta Spencer (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 271, 272), but  O. delecta differs in having eight rows of acrostichal setulae (not five to six), a black (not coppery) abdomen and a facial bulb that is much narrower than the pedicel (Spencer 1981). Furthermore, based on  Spencer’s illustration, the distiphallus of that species is more broadly rounded basally and atrophied apically. Spencer (1981) also describes the similar  O. definita Spencer (later provided the new name  O. subdefinita Spencer; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 268, 269) in his Californian revision, but the fasciculus is straight (not curved), the abdomen is also black and the distiphallus is much paler; the number of rows of acrostichal setulae are not mentioned, but it is indicated that there are also eight. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/18FACF14FB57D9EAFD56CFDEF230CB2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
03ECD4CC091FD9415D8484CCED857134.text	03ECD4CC091FD9415D8484CCED857134.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia galiodes Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia galiodes sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 346, 347</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2 mm (♂), 1.9-2.2 (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.2-9.8. Facial carina (wide dorsally) and bulb distinct. Parafacial, seen laterally, broadly rounded and projecting past anterior margin of gena. Gena slightly produced anteriorly, forming an angle of ca. 70° and with dorsal and ventral margins straight, not curved. Clypeus broadest posteriorly; apex very narrow, produced. Buccal cavity narrowed anteriorly with margin straight. Ocellar triangle concave subapically. Frons slightly furrowed medially. Crossveins separated by more than length of dm-m.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Vibrissal fasciculus well-developed, slightly upcurved. Two ori; two ors. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown, but relatively pale compared to congeners. Fronto-orbital plate and outer margin of ocellar triangle beige. Wing veins white. Calypter margin light brown with hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 346, 347) Surstylus slightly &lt;1/2 length of epandrium, with several marginal tubercle-like setae. Metepiphallus pale and largely desclerotised with one pair of small ventromedial spines. Proepiphallus pigmented medially, darker ventrally. Halves of basiphallus broadly fused at base with remainder of left sclerite absent; right sclerite relatively short and ill-defined; strongly bent ventrally (possibly an artifact of preservation). Distiphallus short, strongly spinulose internally and with base extending past that of mesophallus; membrane distal to phallus relatively broad, flat, and lightly sclerotised.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Rubiaceae -  Galium . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific name indicates the similarity of this species to its possible sister taxon,  Ophiomyia galii , which also feeds on  Galium . </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. MD: Beltsville, 16.iv.1975, S.W.T. Batra, ex.  Galium sp. (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Paratypes: USA. MD: Same collection as holotype (1♀, USNM; 1♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The phallus of  Ophiomyia galiodes (only illustrated in lateral view due to inflexibility of the structure) is similar to that of  O. laticolis (Figs 368, 369), but the distiphallus is narrower, larger and closer to the apex of the basiphallus. Furthermore, the eye is larger, rounder and bulging anteriorly, and the shoulders, fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle are pale, although these colour characters may be an artifact of preservation. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia galiodes is also similar to the European  O. galii Hering, which is the only other  Ophiomyia known from  Galium (Spencer, 1990). Their chaetotaxy, wing length and wing vein proportions are nearly the same, and they both have a ventrally curved hypandrium and similar distiphallus. The gena of  O. galii is produced at a 45° angle (not 70°) (Spencer 1972), the basiphallus is longer and less spinulose, and the mesophallus is longer, narrower and extends past the base of the distiphallus (Papp and  Černý 2015: fig. 152). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ECD4CC091FD9415D8484CCED857134	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
8466AF3DE06D1FAC17CE2C4EF16CD521.text	8466AF3DE06D1FAC17CE2C4EF16CD521.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia heleios Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia heleios sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 348-350</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.5 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 7.5. Facial carina long and narrow with small subspherical bulb at midpoint. Gena not strongly produced, forming slightly &lt;90° angle. Clypeus narrow with posterior arms curved outwards. Ocellar triangle shiny black, longer than wide and tapering anteriorly.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Orbital setulae reclinate. Male vibrissal fasciculus long, narrow, and slightly upcurved. Two ori; two ors. Mid tibia with one small posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown, with gena paler, ocellar triangle black, notum (excluding postpronotum and notopleuron) with faint green reflection, and femora paler on basal 3/5 with mid and hind femora yellowish ventrally on basal 2/5. Calypter white with hairs dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 348-350) Surstylus narrow with few inner-marginal tubercle-like setae. Distal margin of hypandrium long and tapered. Metepiphallus very small and with one pair of spines. Halves of basiphallus very ill-defined apically, slightly fused at base and with left side shorter. Base of distiphallus strongly exceeding base of mesophallus, with short dorsal margin (curled inwards and with several very short inner spines) that is atrophied on left side; distoventral margin of distiphallus well-sclerotised medially, produced as apically converging ridges. Ejaculatory apodeme atrophied to base on one side, clear along margins and with well-developed medial rib.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>Gr. "of a marsh, dwelling in a marsh", referring to the collection locality of the type.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Fairfax Co., Great Falls Park, swamp trail, 38°59.4'N, 77°15.2'W, Malaise trap, trap #2, 8.ix-11.v.2006, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia heleios can be differentiated from Nearctic congeners by a white calypter margin (although the hairs are still typically dark), a greenish notum, a short gena, a slightly atypical ejaculatory apodeme and an unusually atrophied distiphallus that has a thick distoventral sclerotisation medially. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8466AF3DE06D1FAC17CE2C4EF16CD521	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D22DF518D8ABE4AE90450D9A84EF825F.text	D22DF518D8ABE4AE90450D9A84EF825F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia kalia Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia kalia sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 351-355</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.1 mm (♂), 2.0-2.3 (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7-1.0. Head largely collapsed in holotype. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.0-6.6. Frons entirely pruinose and ocellar triangle indistinct; gena rounded, not produced anteriorly and relatively narrow along entire length. Face with weak carina, barely dividing antennae. Clypeus with sides parallel.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Orbital setulae reclinate. Male vibrissal fasciculus absent. Two ori (sometimes three on one side); two ors. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae. Six rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown, with gena slightly paler. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: Surstylus 1/2 length of epandrium, broadly rounded and with tubercle-like setae along inner-distal margin. Metepiphallus very small with serrated ridges and spines. Proepiphallus with dark patches in lateral extensions. Basiphallus curved in cross-section, ventrally curved and receding dorsomedially. Mesophallus broad, basal to distiphallus (not inserted ventromedially to distiphallus). Distiphallus straight, cup-like with internal folds. Ejaculatory apodeme large with blade pale and ovate, with pronounced medial rib.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific epithet is Greek for bird nest, referring to the nest from where the holotype was collected.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Long Bridge, 22.v.1913, ex. birds nests Pun grackle, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes: USA. VA: Fairfax Co., Turkey Run Park, nr. mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 18-30.v.2007 (1♂ 2♀, USNM; 2♀, CNC), 14-17.v.2006 (8♀, USNM; 2♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The straight, highly simplified distiphallus of this species is characteristic, as is the basally inserted mesophallus, the large, pale ejaculatory apodeme, and narrow gena. Also see comments for  Ophiomyia abutilivora . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D22DF518D8ABE4AE90450D9A84EF825F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
F4071D4B76B9B5AB43362EC66A84FCC8.text	F4071D4B76B9B5AB43362EC66A84FCC8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia kwansonis Sasakawa 1961	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia kwansonis Sasakawa</p>
            <p>Figs 356-359</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia kwansonis Sasakawa, 1961: 355. Shiao and Wu 1999: 344; Matsumoto and Sasakawa 2006: 20; Williams and Steck 2011: 7, 2014: 421; Shi, Chunyan and Gao 2015: 61. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.0-2.5 mm (♂♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.8-1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.0-6.0. Facial carina distinct; bulb narrow, slightly wider than carina, with medial longitudinal furrow and dorsal 1/2 shiny. Clypeus strongly narrowed anteriorly. Anterior portion of buccal cavity narrowed, not much wider than clypeus. Gena slightly produced anteriorly, forming an ~ 80° angle. Notum subshiny. Ocellar triangle with sides convex, nearly meeting past midpoint and attaining anterior margin of frons. Fronto-orbital plate narrow and shiny, slightly widening around base of fronto-orbitals.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus thick, slightly upcurved and not longer than gena. Two ori; two ors. Mid tibia with small posteromedial seta past midpoint.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown to black, with nearly indistinct metallic sheen on abdomen, and with fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle paler. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs grey.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 356-359) Surstylus narrow with several scattered rows of tubercle-like setae at apex and inner-distal surface. Metepiphallus with single pair of posteromedial spines. Basiphallus sclerotised basally on dorsobasal and left lateral surfaces, and with long right-lateral process that is widened at apex and attaining level of base of distiphallus. Distiphallus with blunt subconical base that extends posteriorly past narrow mesophallus and is internally spinulose on ventral and left ventrolateral surfaces; widest near midpoint, distally with spinulose right lateral chamber and thin distomedial chamber with sclerotised ventral surface and irregular internal folds. Ejaculatory apodeme relatively narrow with distal margin of blade reduced, pale and irregular.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asphodelaceae -  Hemerocallis fulva . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: AL, AR, CA, CT, DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, KA, KY, LA, MA, MD, MI, MO, MS, NC, NH, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV. Japan, Taiwan. Slovenia.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Japan. Honshu: Kyoto, Shimogamo, on  Hemerocallis fulva kwanso , 21.v.1956, Sasakawa (1♂, Osaka Museum of Natural History). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MD: Anne Arundel Co.,  Davidsonville , 7.vii.2011, on  Hemerocallis sp., G.L. Williams (1♂ 11♀ [in alcohol], CNC; 1♂ 1♀, CSCA)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Originally described from Japan as a leaf miner in the ornamental daylily  Hemerocallis fulva kwanso , this fly is a recent invasive in North America (Williams and Steck 2011, 2014), and will soon likely occur in most regions where daylily is grown. Life history and immature stages are discussed in Sasakawa (1961) and Williams and Steck (2011). The only other agromyzid known to occur on  Hemerocallis is  Liriomyza hemerocallis Iwasaki, also from Japan, but this species feeds on seeds, not within leaves (Iwasaki 1993). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F4071D4B76B9B5AB43362EC66A84FCC8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
51E7A219A3E9A935C2C67E657D5EEE36.text	51E7A219A3E9A935C2C67E657D5EEE36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia labiatarum Hering 1937	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia labiatarum Hering</p>
            <p>Figs 78-80, 360-366</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia labiatarum Hering, 1937: 509. Spencer 1969: 87, 1976: 67; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 51;  Černý 2018: 122. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 78-80). Wing length 2.1-2.4 mm (♂), 2.4-2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7-1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 8.0-8.4 (4.0 in one dissected VA male from Turkey Run). Facial carina and medial bulb distinct; carina as wide as bulb dorsally or slightly narrower, with sides usually parallel and never strongly diverging; bulb usually strongly to shallowly furrowed or heart-shaped. Clypeus narrowed and produced anteriorly. Anterior margin of buccal cavity narrowed and straight or rounded. Eye slightly angled diagonally. Gena slightly produced, forming an angle slightly &lt;90°. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate subshiny. Notum shiny.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus distinct, nearly as long as gena, but only forming a discrete point in male with three ori on both sides. Two ori (sometimes three on one side, rarely on both sides); two ors. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown. Abdomen sometimes with faint coppery/golden shine. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 360-366) Metepiphallus with one pair of ventromedial spines. Ventral subapical membrane around phallus pronounced and keel-like (less developed in male with three ori on both sides). Basiphallus with sclerotised dorsobasal plate and right lateral band. Base of mesophallus and distiphallus level. Distiphallus with small transverse sclerite at base of mesophallus; distiphallus subovate (slightly flattened apically) with inner basal margin spinulose and inner distal margin with shallow bumps; apex ill-defined.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Lamiaceae -  Calamintha ,  Clinopodium ,  Galeopsis ,  Lamium ,  Leonurus ,  Nepeta ,  Prunella ,  Salvia ,  Satureja ,  Scutellaria ,  Stachys (Spencer 1976; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Benavent-Corai et al. 2005).  Asteraceae -  Solidago canadensis *. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB, NB*, ON, QC. USA: DE*, IN, MD*, PA*, VA*. Europe, Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Turkey (  Černý , 2018). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype: Germany. Meckelenburg (1♂, ZMHU). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Wabamun, caught on  Solidago , 1-3.vii.1966, K.A. Spencer, CNC358537 (1♂, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 13.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, IDEMA illustration, " L. Yuzyk July 1981 ", code-6042J, CNC358542-358544 (2♂, 1♀, CNC), 23.v.1977, Hanley and Cooper, code-5113Q, CNC358545 (1♀, CNC), 9.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, code-6023Q, CNC358546 (1♂, CNC), ON: Midland, swampy woods, balsam poplar, 2.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC358551 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 22.vii.1954, W.R.M. Mason, CNC358550, CNC358552 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park , Thwartway Is., 15.vii.1976, A. Carter, code 4118-J, CNC358547 (1♂, CNC), 21.vii.1976, W. Reid, code 4174-N, CNC358549 (1♀, CNC), 24.vii.1976, W. Reid, code 4198-L, CNC358548 (1♀, CNC), QC: Beech Grove, 23.vi.1951, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358539, CNC358540 (2♂, CNC), Harrington Lk., Gatineau Pk., 7.vi.1954, E.E. Sterns, CNC358541 (1♂, CNC)  .   France. [Lower Normandy]: Verson b.  Caen , 4880, 9.viii.1942, Dr. H. Buhr. Nr., mine an  Stachys recta CNC358538 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. DE: Newark, spring 1974, R.W. Rust (1♂, USNM), IN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Lafayette</a>
                 , 6.vii.1915, reared from catnip, issued 13.vii.1915,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Satterthwalt</a>
                 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Lafayette</a>
                 , swept from grass,  “v-17” , J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Lafayette</a>
                 ,  “iv-6” , swept from wint. wheat (1♂, USNM), MD: Kent Is.,  “35-13-4” ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Seek</a>
                 and  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Nixon</a>
                 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">College Park</a>
                 , 28.v.1939, C.T. Greene (1♂, USM), Beltsville, B.H. Braun, i.1972 (1♂, USNM), i.1972, ex.  Solidago stems (2♂, USNM), i.1972, reared ex.  Eurosta solidaginis gall (1♂ 2♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Beltsville</a>
                 , 12.iv.1972, em. Indoors, B.H. Braun, ex. stem  Solidago canadensis (1♂ 1♀, USNM), Montgomery Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Clarksburg</a>
                 , Little Bennett Reg. Park, 21.ix.1990, W.E. Steiner, M.J. and R. Molineaux (1♂, USNM), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Kimblesville</a>
                 , spring 1974, R.W. Rust (1♂, USNM), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr. mouth of  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Turkey Run</a>
                 , 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 18-30.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia labiatarum , a polyphagous  Lamiaceae feeder also found on  Solidago with a relatively northern distribution, is somewhat variable with regards to head morphology (although the facial bulb is always shiny dorsally), but the male phallus can be readily diagnosed. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/51E7A219A3E9A935C2C67E657D5EEE36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
11B58D08A049C4DE00EC22BAE5A50635.text	11B58D08A049C4DE00EC22BAE5A50635.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia laticolis Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia laticolis sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 367-371</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2-2.3 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 9.0 (non type). Eye angled diagonally. Facial carina thin along length with narrow medial bulb. Gena shallowly produced, forming a 45° angle. Clypeus produced and abruptly narrowed apically with apex truncated. Buccal cavity narrowed anteriorly with anterior margin nearly straight. Distance between crossveins more than length of dm-m. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate (narrow) subshiny. Head damaged.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male with vibrissal fasciculus ~ 1/2 length of gena. Two ori (slightly thinner); two ors. Mid tibia with one weak posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Gena relatively high, flat and pale in holotype. Body, including halter dark brown with frons darker. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 367-371) Epandrium broad, rounded, narrower in lateral view and slightly shorter to dorsum. Surstylus fused to epandrium, 1/2 length of distal region of epandrium; apex narrower, rounded; inner surface with two scattered rows of tubercle-like setae. Metepiphallus small and pale with one pair of ventromedial spines. Halves of basiphallus broadly fused at base; left sclerite short, weakly sclerotised and ill-defined, and right sclerite longer, truncated and with slight dextral curve. Distiphallus strongly spinulose on inner surface but with few other internal elaborations; slightly flattened and subquadrate in ventral view.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD, VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific name compounds the Latin for wide (latus) and penis (colis).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MD: Montgomery Co., Bethseda, 28.iv.1968, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM),.</p>
            <p>Paratype: USA. VA: Fairfax Co., Turkey Run Park, 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, river trap, 17-24.v.2006, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The new species  Ophiomyia laticolis is highly similar to  O. ambrosia Spencer from California (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 232-234), but the genitalia appear to be slightly smaller, the base of the mesophallus is nearly level with the base of the distiphallus, and the sides are severely flared, almost forming one pair of lateral points. Externally, the gena of  O. ambrosia is slightly flatter and paler, but this may be an artifact of preservation; the eye is 5.6  × higher than the gena, and wing length is similar (2.2 mm). </p>
            <p> The genitalia of this species also closely resemble those of  Ophiomyia duodecima Spencer (Quebec; Spencer, 1969: figs 134-136), in that the distiphallus is subquadrate in ventral view. The distiphallus of this Canadian species, however, is 2  × as large, the mesophallus is small and gracile, the left sclerite of the basiphallus is larger and not basally fused to the right sclerite (a possible artifact of illustration) and the gena is much higher (1/4 eye height). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/11B58D08A049C4DE00EC22BAE5A50635	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
C94581F4CDEAD81BE4CED860085A660E.text	C94581F4CDEAD81BE4CED860085A660E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia maura (Meigen 1838)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia maura (Meigen)</p>
            <p>Figs 372-376</p>
            <p> Agromyza maura Meigen, 1838: 7. </p>
            <p> Agromyza curvipalpis Zetterstedt. Misidentification, in part. Frost 1924: 41. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia bicornis Kaltenbach, 1869: 195; Hendel 1920: 130 [as synonym of  Ophiomyia curvipalpis ], 1931: 188 (as synonym  Ophiomyia maura ). </p>
            <p> Agromyza affinis Malloch, 1913: 317; Hendel 1920: 130 [as synonym of  Agromyza curvipalpis ], 1931: 188 (as synonym of  Agromyza maura ). </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia maura . Hendel 1920: 130 [as synonym of  Ophiomyia curvipalpis ], 1931: 188 [also includes  O. pulicaria Braschnikow,  A. curvipalpis and  Agromyza texana Frost as synonyms]; Frick 1952: 382, 1959: 370; Sasakawa 1961: 358; Spencer 1969: 89; Papp and  Černý 2015: 323; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 86; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 21. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia curvipalpis . Hendel 1920: 130. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia asteris Kuroda, 1954: 82. Sasakawa 1961 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-2.0 mm (♂) 2.0-2.1 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7-1.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 6.2-7.8. Eye slightly oblique, but still relatively round. Arista short pubescent. Ocellar triangle nearly reaching level of posterior ori. Ocellar plate narrow. Facial carina well-developed, medially with smooth, subshiny, ovate bulb; carina above bulb as wide as bulb, with shallow medial groove continuing onto lunule; lunule height subequal to width of carina dorsally. Genal process nearly as long as high, forming an approximate 60° angle. Clypeus with arms bowed inwards anteriorly, meeting at small subquadrate anteromedial extension that is shallowly concave anteriorly and with one pair of minute anterolateral points. Crossveins separated by length of dm-m or slightly less.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus thick and upcurved, ~ 2/3 length of gena. Two ori (sometimes one additional ori present on one side); two ors. Two dorsocentral setae, anterior seta ~ 4/5 length of posterior. Acrostichal setulae in six scattered rows. Mid tibia with one or no posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae black. Body dark brown, including halter. Calypter, including margin, light brown; hairs dark brown; ocellar triangle and ocellar plate paler brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 372-376) Metepiphallus pale and narrow with one pair of ventromedial spines. Epiphallic lobes clear with dark sclerite. Epandrium shallow, venter slightly curved anteriorly, fused to surstylus. Surstylus small, short, subtriangular, with tubercle-like setae in three rows that narrow to one anteriorly. Hypandrium subtriangular with pointed apex and bowed basal arms. Phallophorus with narrower, darker base, short dorsum, and higher, longer venter; seen ventrally, venter with one pair of dark ridges. Basiphallus with weak, short left lateral arm connected basally to longer, better-defined right lateral arm that does not reach level of mesophallus. Mesophallus narrow, cylindrical, inserted ventromedially into larger distiphallus; base of mesophallus approximately level with base of distiphallus. Base of distiphallus (overlapping mesophallus) with broad, laterally bulging anterior section that abruptly narrows to a small rounded point apically; basal section with minute divots towards apex and several small internal spinules in right anterolateral section; basal section with broad opening dorsally bearing characteristic large flared membranous fold that encompasses broad, curved, strongly produced plate; distal section of distiphallus with distinct sclerotised medial tubule that is flanked ventrally by one pair of weakly differentiated and minutely textured hemispheres. Ejaculatory apodeme with short, narrow stem emerging from wide asymmetrical base that continues onto pale, irregularly sclerotised blade that is atrophied to one side; sperm pump with dark transverse bar ventrally.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Aster ,  Callistephus ,  Doellingeria (?),  Erigeron ,  Eurybia ,  Euthamia ,  Oclemena ,  Solidago ,  Symphyotrichum (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018; Ellis 2021). Possibly  Eupatorium (Spencer 1990). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NB*, QC*. USA: CT, DE*, MA, MD*, ME, NY, VA*, VT; possibly also CO, MN, OH (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Europe. Northeastern China. Turkey. Japan. Canary Islands. Oman. Yemen</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [affinis]: USA. MD: Glen Echo, 3.vi.1898, R.P. Currie (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Ophiomyia asteris ]: Japan. Honshu:  Kantō , Yokohama, 24.v.1938, leaf miner in  Aster indicus L., M. Kuroda (1♀, BLTJ). </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Ophiomyia bicornis ]: Germany. [not given]. (Type data unknown) </p>
            <p>Syntypes [maura]: Germany. [not given]. (Types lost).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Estonia.  Tallinn , 18.vii.1995, M. v.Tschirnhaus, ex  Solidago (1♂, CNC)  .   Canada. NB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.81467/lat 45.50011)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.81467&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.50011">Kouchibouguac National Park</a>
                 , 46°48'49.90"N, 64°55'40.02"W, 22.v.1977,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.81467/lat 45.50011)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.81467&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.50011">Hanley</a>
                 and Cooper, Code - 5111O, CNC758931 (1♀, CNC), 23.v.1977, Code - 5113Q, CNC758930 (1♂, CNC), QC: Old Chelsea, 45°30'0.40"N, 75°48'52.80"W, 30.v.1952, J.F. McAlpine, CNC758932 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CT: Litchfield Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Canaan</a>
                 , 21.vii.2015, em. 29.vii.2015, C. Vispo, ex  Solidago canadensis , #CSE2168, CNC564684 (1♀, CNC), DE:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Newark</a>
                 , 1.vii.1974 (1♂, USNM), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Berkshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Lenox</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Parsons Marsh</a>
                 , 20.vi.2017, em. 24.vi.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago patula , #CSE3853, CNC939713 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Franklin Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Montague</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Montague Plains Wildlife Management Area</a>
                 , 8.vi.2017, em. 21.vi.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago arguta , #CSE3843, CNC939720 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Northfield</a>
                 , 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 10.x.2016, em. 19.iv.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Eurybia divaricata , #CSE3524, CNC939673 (1♂, CNC), 2.vii.2017, em. 15.vii.2017, ex  Euthamia graminifolia , #CSE3956, CNC939661 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Hampshire Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Pelham</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Butter Hill</a>
                 , 21.vi.2013, em. 24.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago caesia , #CSE591 (2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">South Hadley</a>
                 , near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Lithia Springs Reservoir</a>
                 , 11.v.2016, em. 2.vi.2016, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago arguta , #CSE2536 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Middlesex Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Shirley</a>
                 , 42.556117, -71.613381, 3.viii.2017, em. 9.viii.2017, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago gigantea , #CSE4095, CNC939727, CNC9397278 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Nantucket Co.</a>
                 , Nantucket, Gardner Farm, 13.vi.2013, em. 24.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago latissimifolia , #CSE600 (1♀, CNC), Nantucket, Squam Swamp, 12.vi.2013, em. 26-30.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Solidago latissimifolia , #CSE609, CNC384817, CNC384818 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), ME:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Knox Co.</a>
                 , Camden,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Bald Mountain</a>
                 , 5.x.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Oclemena acuminata em. 20.iii.2014, #CSE1011, CNC384784 (1♂, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Christiansburg, 2.vi.1962, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, CNC), VT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.61338/lat 42.556118)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.61338&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.556118">Chittenden Co.</a>
                 , South Burlington, Winooski Gorge, 29.vi.2014, ex.  Solidago flexicaulis , em. 10.vii.2014, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE1167, CNC384885 (1♂, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> While relatively indistinct externally, the male genitalia of  Ophiomyia maura are more diagnostic: the epiphallic lobes are clear with a dark basal sclerite; the distiphallus is relatively large and well-sclerotised with a dark anterodorsal tubule, it has a transverse dorsomedial  “shelf” that is only slightly curved, and there are two minutely tuberculate distoventral hemispheres; the phallophorus has two sclerotised ridges that are obvious when viewed ventrally. It is quite similar in North America to  O. carolinensis Spencer,  O. parda Eiseman and Lonsdale and  O. quinta Spencer, all of which now have small indicators on the distiphallus that reveal identity:  O. carolinensis has a small basal protuberance on the distiphallus (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 260, 261) and a darker, broader, more distinct anterodorsal process emerging from the distiphallus, and  O. parda and  O. quinta have an inner-medial plate projecting dorsally that is long and more strongly curved (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: figs 254, 255). Also see discussion in Eiseman and Lonsdale (2018). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C94581F4CDEAD81BE4CED860085A660E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0A224572BC10440F59827011D61034CD.text	0A224572BC10440F59827011D61034CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia nasuta (Melander)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Ophiomyia nasuta (Melander)</p>
            <p>Figs 64-66, 377-382</p>
            <p> Agromyza curvipalpis Zetterstedt. Misidentification, in part. Melader 1913: 251. </p>
            <p> Agromyza maura var. nasuta Melander, 1913: 260. </p>
            <p> Agromyza youngi Malloch, 1914: 312. Frick 1952a: 384 [as synonym of  Madiza pinguis Fallén ]. Frick (1959) [as synonym of nasuta Melander]. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia madizina Hendel, 1920: 130. Spencer 1964 a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Tylomyza madizina . Hendel 1931: 185. Frick 1952a: 385, 1959: 372 </p>
            <p> Siridomyza madizina . Enderlein 1936a: 179. </p>
            <p> Tylomyza nasuta . Frick, 1952a: 384 [as synonym of  Madiza pinguis Fallén ], 1957: 201 [lectotype designation], 1959: 372. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia nasuta . Spencer, 1964: 789, 1969: 91, 1976: 71, 1990: 261; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 42; Scheffer et al. 2007: 770;  Černý 2018: 122; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 23. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 64-66, 377). Wing length 2.0-2.2 mm (♂), 2.1-2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.8-1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.4-7.4. Face short, with carina broad and diverging above large, semispherical bulb. Gena stout and produced anteriorly; highest subapically. Clypeus slightly narrowed anteriorly (more pronounced in female). Anterior margin of buccal cavity broad. Anterior angle of ocellar triangle long and tapered, nearly reaching anterior margin of frons. Frons minutely pitted with ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate shiny. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial slightly projecting and continuing under eye as distinct cheek. Body shiny. Distance between crossveins approximately as long as dm-m.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Orbital setulae proclinate and relatively long and dense. Male vibrissal fasciculus absent. Two ori; one or two ors present in female, absent in male. Three dorsocentral setae, slightly decreasing in length anteriorly. Mid tibia with one small posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown to black. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Wing veins light brown to brown, sometimes whitish.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 378-382) Surstylus 1/2-length of epandrium at base, narrowing apically with apex broadly rounded; height approximately equal to length at base; with irregular clusters of tubercle-like setae apically and anteriorly on inner surface. Metepiphallus small with three pairs of medial and basal spines. Phallophorus slightly elongate with constricted base. Halves of basiphallus broadly fused at base with short, ill-defined left lateral sclerite and slightly longer right lateral sclerite. Distiphallus with base extending past base of mesophallus; minutely tuberculate dorsally and apically, inner surface minutely spinulose laterally near base, with small dorsomedial hook and distal section divided into two hemispheres. Ejaculatory apodeme with well-developed stalk, blade with striations and base with thin membranous tubule.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Taraxacum officinale . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Across northern North America from YT to QC, south to northern CA, CO, NM and NC (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). Europe, Japan, Turkey, Kazakhstan (  Černý 2018). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype [nasuta]: USA. WA: Kamiac Butte, 1.vi.1912 (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p> Paralectotypes [nasuta]: USA. ID: Troy, 14.vi.1908 (1♂, USNM), WA: Pullman (4♂, USNM). Austria.  “Styria” (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza youngi ]: USA. NY: Albany, 28.iv.1913, D.B. Young (1♂, NYSM). [Not examined]. </p>
            <p>Syntypes [madizina]: "Austr., Germ." (23♂♀, NMW, USNM). [USNM ♂ and ♀ examined].</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. BC: nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.72/lat 45.316998)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.72&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.316998">Golden Rest Area</a>
                 , rt. 1, 20.vi.2001, C.R. Bartlett (1♀, UDCC), ON: Ottawa, 45°19'1.20"N, 75°43'12"W, 90 m, 7.vi.2016, J.E.  O’Hara , Malaise trap, CNC629668, CNC629688 (2♀, CNC), SK: Duck Lake, 15.iv.1924, K.M. King, CNC358553 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. CT: Redding, 10.v.1930, A.L. Melander (2♀, USNM), DE:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Pike Creek</a>
                 , 25.vi.1975, D. Buntin (1♀, UDCC), Bridgeville, 8.viii.195, H.E. Milliron, on peppers (1♀, UDCC), New Castle Co., Newark, Thorn Lane beside RR tracks, 18.vii.1993, field sweep, D.S. Chang (1♀, UDCC), UD Newark Farm, 39°40'14.81"N, 75°44'54.89"W, 18.ix.2007, sweep net, M. Frye (1♀, UDCC), Newark, UD Farm, 5.x.1997, W.P. Brown, sweep net (1♀, UDCC), Newark, UofD Gardens, 3.viii.2007, T. Cooper (1♀, UDCC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Sussex Co.</a>
                 , Millville, Route 26, 5.x.1997, M.J. Harrison (1♀, UDCC), ID: Lafayette, 30.iv.1915, swept from grass, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), IL: Chicago, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Franklin Co.</a>
                 , Northfield, 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 5.v.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Taraxacum officinale , 20-21.v.2016, #CSE2476, CNC654194 (1♂, CNC), MD: Temple Hills, 17.vii.1978, G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Lavale, 9.v.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , 4mi SW of Ashton, G.F. and J.F. Hevel, 18.iv.1987 (1♀, USNM), 25.iv.1987 (1♀, USNM), 15.viii.1982 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), 17.vii.1978 (1♂, USNM), 18.iv.1987 (1♂, USNM), Colesville, 31.vii.1975, W.W. Wirth (2♂, USNM), Colesville, 31.viii.1973, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂ 2♀, USNM), P.G. Co., Temple Hills, 17.vii.1978, G.F. Hevel (2♂, USNM), Camp Springs, 8.vii.1979, G.F. Hevel (2♀, USNM), Oxon Hill, G.F. and S. Hevel, 22.vii.1978 (1♀, USNM), 24.vii.1978 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Frederick Co.</a>
                 , 1mi N, 4.7mi W of Point of Rocks, 11.vii.1982, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), MI:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Chippewa Co.</a>
                 , 3.vi.1937, R.andK. Dreisbach (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Ingham Co., E</a>
                 Lansing, 22.vii.1963, F.E. Giles (1♀, USNM), E. Lansing, C. Sabrosky, 3.vi.1937 (1♀, USNM), 29.v.1937 (1♀, USNM), NM: Cloudcroft, 26.v.1964, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358586 (1♂, CNC), NY: Ithaca, A.L. Melander, 28.v.1937 (1♀, USNM), 31.v.1913 (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">White Plains</a>
                 , 1.v.1909, Bueno, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Geneva, 28.v.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂ 5♀, USNM), Chazy, 8.viii.1930, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), OH: Oxford,  Mallot’s Lawn, 12.x.1978, B.A. Steinly (1♀, USNM), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Chester Co.</a>
                 , Toughkenamon, 39°51'37, 75°46'58, 14.ix.2007, E.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Lake Stroud Res. Ctr.</a>
                 (1♀, UDCC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Bucks Co.</a>
                 , Pineville, 24.v.1969, J.W. Adams (1♀, USNM), TN: Gt. Smokies N.P., Chimneys, 20.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Sevier Co.</a>
                 , Rte. 441, 3mi NW NC/TN border,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Great Smokey Mt.</a>
                 N.P., 35°38.3'N, 83°27.8'W, 4500', S.D. Gaimari, 27.v.1999 (1♀, USNM), VA: Pulaski, 7.v.1979, G. Steyskal (4♂ 1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Mill Cr., Rt. 785 NE  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Blacksburg</a>
                 , 30.iv.1978, C.M. and O.S. Flint (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.46333/lat 35.638332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.46333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.638332">Giles Co.</a>
                 , 10 km NW Blacksburg, Bald Knob, 18.v.1997, S.A. Marshall (1♂, DEBU), Butt Mtn., 8 km NW Blacksburg, 21.v.2005, S.A. Marshall (1♂, DEBU)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia nasuta is a widespread and relatively commonly encountered species that can be diagnosed quite readily using external characters: the facial carina is short with the bulb large and semispherical, the gena apically produced and truncated, there is no male fasciculus, there are three dorsocentral setae, the ocellar setulae are dense and proclinate, and there is sexual dimorphism in number of ors. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A224572BC10440F59827011D61034CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
FDA94F835EACF658DE0431BFAAE337F3.text	FDA94F835EACF658DE0431BFAAE337F3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia sexta Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia sexta Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 383-387</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia sexta Spencer, 1969: 98. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 257. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.1-2.4 mm (♂), 2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.8-0.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.5-4.2. Facial carina stout with sides diverging above, thin below; bulb well-developed, sometimes with shallow medial furrow. Gena shallowly produced, forming 70°-80° angle. Clypeus produced and strongly narrowed apically. Buccal cavity narrowed anteriorly with anterior margin small and straight. Distance between crossveins as long as dm-m or less. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate shiny. Excluding VA specimen, fronto-orbital plate and parafacial strongly projecting.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male with vibrissal fasciculus ~ 1/2 length of gena. Three ori; two ors; sometimes only one ors or with two ori on one side only. Mid tibia with one weak distomedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown, but sometimes portions of ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate paler. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 383-387) Metepiphallus small with one pair of ventromedial spines and several free basal sclerites. Epiphallic lobes with pale basal pigmentation. Halves of basiphallus fused at base, with left sclerite shorter, pale, and ill-defined, and right sclerite well-developed. Distiphallus extremely wide, bilobed and ridged, resembling a brain in ventral view; base high, and distal ridged portion strongly flattened with pale dorsomedial process. Ejaculatory apodeme with stalk short, blade pale and subovate with strong medial rib.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, MB, QC, NT. USA: CO, IL*, MS*, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. AB: Cypress Hills, 25.vi.1966, K. Spencer (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>Canada: MB: 2mi W Stockton, spruce-sand community, 20.v.1958, J.F. McAlpine (1♂, CNC), NT: Hay River, 15.vii.1959, P.R. Erlich (1♂, CNC), QC: Harrington Lake, Gatineau Park, 31.v.1954, E.E. Sterns (1♂, CNC), Kingsmere, 12.v.1958, J.G. Chillcott (1♀, CNC). USA. CO: Flagstaff Co., Boulder, 5800[ft], 10.vi.1961, C.H. Mann (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. CO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.85/lat 33.266666)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.266666">Boulder</a>
                 , Flagstaff Cn., 1767 m, 10.vi.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC358559 (1♂, CNC), IL: nr. Forest City, forest, 21.v.1953, J.F. McAlpine, CNC358560-358562 (3♂, CNC), MS: Winston Co., Noxubee Nat. Wildlife R., Tripletts, 33°16'N, 88°51'W, pasture road, 19.v.2013, J.M. Cumming, CNC358563 (1♂, CNC), VA: Veitch, 9.vi.1912, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Compared to other  Ophiomyia with a fasciculus,  O. sexta has a relatively short genal process, three ori and quite closely spaced crossveins. Internally, the incredibly large distiphallus is characteristic, being brain-shaped in ventral view and dorsoventrally compressed. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FDA94F835EACF658DE0431BFAAE337F3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0C4B99C2F47899523EB0D12F32C58780.text	0C4B99C2F47899523EB0D12F32C58780.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia simplex (Loew 1869)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia simplex (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 69, 70, 388-393</p>
            <p> Agromyza simplex Loew, 1869: 46. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza simplex . Hendel 1920: 128; Frick 1952a: 379, 1959: 366. </p>
            <p> Triopisopa simplex . Enderlein 1936a: 179. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia simplex . Spencer 1966 a: 55, 1969: 98; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 39; Zlobin 2005b: 177. </p>
            <p> Hexomyza simplex . von Tschirnhaus 2000: 113; Papp and  Černý 2015: 180. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 69, 70). Wing length 2.1-2.4 mm (♂), 2.3-2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.0-1.2. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.5-5.4. Facial carina thin and shallow with bulb absent. Gena strongly recessed anteriorly, highest behind midpoint of eye. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial strongly projecting and continuing under eye as distinct cheek; parafacial shiny. Ocellar triangle shiny. Clypeus narrow with sides parallel to slightly bowed. Buccal cavity broad. Distance between crossveins narrow. Costa extending just past R4+5.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus absent. Two or three ori; two ors. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown and shiny. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 388-393) Epandrium with shallow ventromedial point. Surstylus small and lobate/subtriangular, folded inwards just below midpoint of anterior margin of epandrium, and with scattered, marginal tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium relatively broad with sides parallel at base and arms meeting posteriorly; with stout apical process; additional circular sclerite absent. Metepiphallus short with one pair of basal spines and one pair of basolateral arms. Halves of basiphallus separate and broadly twisted dextrally. Mesophallus broad, inserted slightly off base of distiphallus towards its venter. Distiphallus cup-shaped with ventromedial suture continuing onto mesophallus; with one pair of ventral processes with inner margin shallowly spinulose. Ejaculatory apodeme asymmetrical and relatively thin distally, with dark, well-developed stem and medial rib.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asparagaceae -  Asparagus officinalis . Adults have been collected on potato and beans. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: BC*, ON, QC. USA: Widespread. Europe.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. "Middle States" (1♂, destroyed).</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Germany. Berlin, from C. Schirmer (1♂ ♀, USNM),  Crossen a.O., 22.v.1932, Hering, Mine an  Asparagus officinalis No. 3871, CNC358570 (1♂, CNC)  .   Canada. BC:  Armstrong , collected from asparagus, 18.v.1976, 76-535, CNC358571 (1♂, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 25.v.1941, G. Matthewman, CNC358565-358569 (2♂ 3♀, CNC), Simcoe, 2.vi.1989, G.E. Shewell, CNC358564, CNC358572-358574 (2♂, 2♀, CNC), Vineland, 20.vi.1937, G.E. Shewell, CNC358577 (1♀, CNC), QC: Abbotsford, 2.ix.1936, G.E. Shewell, CNC358576 (1♀, CNC), 24.vii.1936, CNC358575 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. CA: Lakeside, 4.iv.1944,  Asparagus (1♂ 1♀, USNM), DC:  “DC” (1♂, USNM), DE: Rising Sun, 12.v.1953, on asparagus, D. MacCreary (1♂, UDCC), Georgetown, 17.v.1955 (1♂ 2♀, UDCC), Stanton, 7.viii.1951 (1♂ 1♀, UDCC), GA: Tifton, 24.ix.1896, A.L. Melander (1? [head and abdomen missing], USNM), IA:  Pleasant Valley , 29.vii.1931, H.M. Harris (1♀, USNM), IL: Chicago, A.L.Melander (1♂, USNM), MD: Cabin John, 10.v.1897 (2♂, USNM), Chillum, 6.iii.1914, collected on  Asparagus (1♂, USNM), Colesville, 20.viii.1975, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), College Park,  “6-29” , C.T. Greene (2♂, USNM), College Park, 10.viii.1914, collected on potato, W.H. White (1♂, USNM), College Park,  “6-29” , C.T. Greene (1♀, USNM), MI: E Lansing, 1.vi.1929, on asparagus, R.W. Pettit (2♂ 1♀, USNM), Grand Rapids, 13.iv.1931, C.W. Sabrosky (1♂ 1♀, USNM), NY: Ithaca, A.L. Melander (2♂ 2♀, USNM), No. 2, Williamsville, Swp. 1, beans, 25.vii.1964 (1♂, UDCC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia simplex is one of the few  Ophiomyia with an anteriorly recessed gena, a strongly shiny and pronounced fronto-orbital plate and parafacial, a costa that extends only slightly past R4+5, a basiphallus composed of one pair of twisted bands and a bell-shaped distiphallus. </p>
            <p> This species was transferred to  Hexomyza by von Tschirnhaus (2000), which was rejected by Zlobin (2005), but again considered  Hexomyza by Papp and Czerny (2015). The boundaries and definition of  Hexomyza was considered by Lonsdale (2014), who found the genus to be polyphyletic and the type species embedded within  Ophiomyia ; as a result,  Hexomyza was subsequently included as a junior synonym of  Ophiomyia , and the new genus  Euhexomyza Lonsdale was erected for the remaining related orphaned species.  Ophiomyia simplex appears to share none of the defining characters of  Euhexomyza , except for the high lunule, pronounced orbital plate and parafacial and smaller posteriormost intra-alar, which commonly occur throughout the genus group, including  Ophiomyia . There are no convincing adult or larval characters that would ally this stem miner with the gall-forming species previously considered  Hexomyza , especially among the highly dissimilar male genitalia. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0C4B99C2F47899523EB0D12F32C58780	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
3E162A24CF914A0D01E09FA4C9B486D8.text	3E162A24CF914A0D01E09FA4C9B486D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia texana (Malloch)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia texana (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 394-398</p>
            <p> Agromyza texana Malloch, 1913: 319. Hendel 1931: 194 (as synonym of proboscoidea Strobl). </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia texana . Frick 1952a: 383; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 259. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia shiloensis Spencer, 1969: 98. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia arguta Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 169. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia modesta Spencer, 1981: 94. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-1.9 mm (♂♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 11.0. Facial carina slender, distinct, with slender, smooth, matt facial bulb; carina not expanding immediately above bulb. Eye angled diagonally. Genal process with a broad, relatively short base approximating 60°, but apex much narrower, extending as a fine point. Clypeus strongly extended anteriorly as narrow process. Ocellar triangle with lateral margins straight to slightly concave, ending between ori and ors, but with sides produced as shallow grooves appearing sometimes to extend to lunule. Anterior margin of buccal cavity narrowed and straight. Notum shiny; bare between dorsocentrals. Crossveins separated by slightly more than length of dm-m.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus thick and upcurved, pointed, at least 2/3 length of gena. Two ori; two ors. Region between dorsocentrals smooth or with only a few anteromedial setulae. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown. Gena and inner margin of fronto-orbital plate sometimes light brown. Wing veins dirty white to brown. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 394-398) Surstylus narrow with few apical tubercle-like setae. Proepiphallus with lateral lobes clear with base lightly pigmented. Left sclerite of basiphallus very short, pale, and ill-defined apically, separate from right sclerite; right sclerite elongate, exceeding base of mesophallus. Base of mesophallus extending far past base of distiphallus excluding distinctive long basal tail-like process; distiphallus internally spinulose with paired ventral sclerotised ridges, subovate in ventral view and chevron-shaped in lateral view; with small dorsomedial spine. Ejaculatory apodeme with very large, pale blade past small flattened stem.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Brassicaceae -  Rorippa ,  Descurainia . DE specimen collected on "spider bush", likely as an adult. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: MB. USA: CA, DE*, TX. Bahamas. Reported by Frick (1959) as widespread from MI to WA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [texana]: USA. TX: Brownsville, "bred from roripa ", 27.i.1909, McMillan and Marsh (1♂, USNM; type No. 15582).</p>
            <p>Holotype [arguta]: Bahamas. Eleuthera Is.: Hatchet Bay, nr. Alicetown, 2.iv.1953, E.B. Hayden and L. Giovannoli (1♂, AMNH). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Ophiomyia modesta ]: USA. CA: Ventura Co., Point Mugu State park, 2.iv.1977, K.A. Spencer (1♂, CAS). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Ophiomyia shiloensis ]: Canada. MB: 5mi SW of Shilo, 22.vii.1958, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p> Paratypes [  Ophiomyia shiloensis ]: Canada. MB: Churchill, 3.ix.1945, R. Richards (1♂, CNC), Treesbank, 17.viii.1958, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. DE:  Newark , 12.ix.1960, spider bush, D.F. Bray (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Although  Ophiomyia texana can be partially recognised by the long upcurved fasciculus, a relatively small, slender, smooth, matt facial bulb and a scutum that is largely without medial setulae between the dorsocentral setae, examination of the male phallus is essential for confident identification. The distiphallus is chevron-shaped in profile, the inner surface is sparsely but evenly spinulose, and the base has a tail-like process. </p>
            <p>The Delaware record presented here significantly expands the northeastern range of this widespread but uncommon taxon.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E162A24CF914A0D01E09FA4C9B486D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7922FD3EFC40BE156628B2CA96D3B82A.text	7922FD3EFC40BE156628B2CA96D3B82A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia tiliae (Couden)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia tiliae (Couden)</p>
            <p>Figs 399-404</p>
            <p> Agromyza tiliae Couden, 1908: 35. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza tiliae . Frick 1952a: 380, 1957: 200 [lectotype designation]. </p>
            <p> Melanagromyza fastosa Spencer, 1969: 67. Syn. nov. </p>
            <p> Hexomyza tiliae . Spencer 1973: 299. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia fastosa . Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 255. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia tiliae . Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 260. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.9-2.7 mm (♂), 2.7-3.3 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.6-0.8. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.5-4.3. Fronto-orbital plate varying from slightly visible laterally to relatively pronounced; parafacial sometimes produced, continuing under eye as broad cheek. Gena relatively high and shallowly rounded, only slightly angled anteriorly to produce shallow ventromedial angle. Facial carina indistinct to absent, but antennal bases always slightly separated; bulb slender, not strongly pronounced, usually appearing as slight swelling below antennal bases. Clypeus stout and parallel-sided. Ocellar triangle and fronto-orbital plate shiny. Crossveins narrowly separated.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus absent. Two to three ori (orbital setula between ori variably strengthened); two ors. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown with gena paler. Wing veins light brown. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Abdomen sometimes with very faint, almost indistinct metallic lustre - in NY male, tint greenish with tergites 1-3 bluish.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 399-404) Externally as described for  O. abutilivora , excluding texturing on epandrium. Phallophorus strongly compressed laterally. Basiphallus ring-shaped and with adjoining dorsobasal membrane lightly sclerotised. Distiphallus subspherical with anterior and ventral margins thick; ventrally bordered by light transverse sclerite (upcurved and pointed at sides; highly faded in tiliae holotype, likely resulting from method of preservation as other specimens reared from  Tilia with this sclerite moderately to well-developed), long thin membranous flagellum (pointed ventrally) and large carinate, membranous hypophallus. </p>
            <p> Variation: VPIC male with clypeus appearing broadly rounded (actually bulbous medially), but anterior corners still present. Cheek only evident anteriorly. Two ori, closely spaced anteriorly. Anteroventral membrane on phallus reduced, with  “wings” of distiphallus barely evident. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Malvaceae -  Tilia americana ,  Tilia sp. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, ON*, QC. USA: CO, IL, IN, MA (Eiseman and Charney 2010), MO, NY*, PA, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Lectotype [tiliae]: USA. MO: Jennings, 4.iv.1907, T.F. Hickey, ex.  Tilia americana (1♀, USNM; type No. 10,028). </p>
            <p>Paralectotypes examined</p>
            <p>[tiliae]: USA. MO: Jennings, Mrs. Hickey, coll., 2.iv.1907, iss. 10.iv.1907 (1♀, USNM), 2.iv.1907, iss. 4.iv.1907 (3♀, USNM), 2.iv.1907, iss. 6.iv.1907 (1♀, USNM), 22.iii.1907, iss. 10.iv.1907 (1♀, USNM), 22.iii.1907, iss. 7.iv.1907 (1♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Holotype [fastosa]: Canada. QC: Hull, 24.v.1923, C.H. Curran (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON:  Brantford , 24.i.1978,  “775-2306-01” , "  Tilia R’rd” (1♂ 2♀, CNC), Col. 17.viii.1977, Host  Tilia americana , feeding gall at base of petiole (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CO:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">State Bridge</a>
                 nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Bond</a>
                 , 7000', 24-25.vi.1961, B.H. Poole (1♂, CNC), NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Ithaca</a>
                 , 22.v.1950, J.C. Martin, CNC358463 (1♂, CNC), VA: Fairfax Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Great Falls Park</a>
                 , quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, 24.iv-2.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM), Turkey Run Park, nr. mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 26.iv-2.v.2007 (1♂, USNM), 5.v-6.vi.2006 (1♂, USNM), Blacksburg, 5.v.1947, W.B. McIntosh (1♂, VPIC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia tiliae is much darker than similar species such as  O. abutilivora and often has a much higher gena. An ovate distiphallus with a ventrally directed apical flagellum and bordered by a wide transverse sclerite are most diagnostic. </p>
            <p> Ophiomyia fastosa syn. nov. is here included as a junior synonym of  O. tiliae , which overlaps in wing length, gena height, colour and chaetotaxy. Morphology of the surstylus/epandrium are also similar, as is morphology of the phallus, with variations seen in previously published illustrations of the distiphallus being strongly exaggerated or not evident upon re-examination. </p>
            <p> Male genitalic illustration of  Ophiomyia parvella Spencer (Spencer and Stegmaier 1973; Sasakawa 1994) almost exactly matches the genitalia of  O. tiliae , and may also be conspecific. While the host of  O. parvella is unknown, the host of  O. tiliae (  Tilia americana , American basswood is found in Florida (USDA 2008), where  O. parvella was described from.  Ophiomyia shastensis Spencer has highly similar genitalia, but apparently differs from  O. tiliae in having a metallic abdomen; the metallic tint is evident in some specimens examined here, including those in the northeast, suggesting that the boundaries of this species require future re-examination. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7922FD3EFC40BE156628B2CA96D3B82A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
62E929AF977149D3451EBE4AA1C1554C.text	62E929AF977149D3451EBE4AA1C1554C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia ultima (Lonsdale 2021) Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia ultima (Spencer) comb. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 73, 74, 405-410</p>
            <p> Melanagromyza ultima Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 247. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 73, 74). Wing length 2.5 mm (♂). Female unknown. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 0.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.6-5.9. Facial carina virtually absent and without medial bulb. Ocellar triangle short, reaching between ori and ors, slightly subshiny with corners matt. Fronto-orbital plate subshiny, narrow with indistinct margins expanding to encompass base of setae. Gena receding, highest near or behind middle. Clypeus relatively stout with sides parallel.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus absent. Two ori; two ors. Mid tibia without posteromedial setae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown with gena slightly paler. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 405-410) Surstylus fused to, and longer than epandrium, with several irregular rows of shorter, stout setae along inner surface. Single sclerite of basiphallus narrow, short, fused to dorsomedial margin, curved dextrally. Mesophallus stout, nearly as wide as distiphallus with apex narrower; attached to distiphallus within its slightly recessed base. Distiphallus cup-like, subrectangular in outline (ventral view), with inner surface minutely textured transversely medially with ventral longitudinal sclerotisations extending past apex and enclosing medial tubule; base with shallow lobate dorsolateral extensions. Blade of ejaculatory apodeme elongate oval with dark central rib and marginal striations.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON*, QC*. USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Giles Co., Stony Cross, 2000', 26.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON: Wellington Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.32333/lat 45.465)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.32333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.465">Smith Property Trail</a>
                 nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.32333/lat 45.465)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.32333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.465">Arkell</a>
                 , 43°33'N, 80°11'W, 23.vi.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC441149 (1♂, CNC), QC: Mt Rigaud, 45°27'54"N, 74°19'24"W, 8.vi.2018, B.J. Sinclair, CNC1706881 (1♂, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Like other  Ophiomyia , this species has a truncated clypeus, a very sparsely setose eye, and no posteromedial tibial setae, and unlike  Melanagromyza , the basiphallus is asymmetrical and the ventrolateral tubules of the distiphallus are absent, although the base of the distiphallus is swollen on either side of the mesophallus to form superficially similar lobes. The surstylus and the shape and arrangement of the basiphallus, mesophallus and distiphallus are distinctive. This species is newly recorded for Canada. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/62E929AF977149D3451EBE4AA1C1554C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4FCFC497FFDC11DAE8C08FB912B481F4.text	4FCFC497FFDC11DAE8C08FB912B481F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ophiomyia virginiensis Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Ophiomyia virginiensis Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 411, 412</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia virginiensis Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 260. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2 mm (♂), 2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 8.2. Facial carina distinct with large medial bulb (strongly furrowed medially, shiny on dorsal 1/2), not narrowed above bulb. Eye angled diagonally. Gena strongly produced anteriorly, forming an ~ 60° angle (slightly larger angle in specimens from Turkey Run). Clypeus strongly produced and narrowed anteriorly. Crossveins separated by less than length of dm-m.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Male vibrissal fasciculus thick and upcurved, ~ 2/3 length of gena. Two ori; two ors. Mid tibia with one posteromedial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body, including halter dark brown. Wing veins brown. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Abdomen with coppery/golden shine.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 411, 412) Metepiphallus pale and narrow with one pair of ventrobasal spines. Epiphallic lobes evenly dark. Halves of basiphallus fused at base with remainder of left sclerite highly reduced and ill-defined; right sclerite narrow and elongate, exceeding base of distiphallus. Mesophallus base not exceeding that of distiphallus. Distiphallus divided into a large, rounded subtriangular basal lobe, and a slightly narrower distal section that is nearly parallel-sided and compressed dorsoventrally, with a more densely spinulose basal chamber, several sclerotised ventromedial ridges and an internal tubule. Ejaculatory apodeme large, broad, relatively evenly pigmented and without medial rib.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. Virginia: Hawksbill, Shenandoah N.P., 3600-4050', 7.vi.1962, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. VA: Fairfax Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr. mouth of Turkey Run, 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 23.viii-18.ix.2007, D.R. Smith (1♂ 3♀, USNM) 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Ophiomyia virginiensis can be characterised by a strongly pronounced furrow on the facial bulb, the ultimate and penultimate sections of M4 are equal in length, the basiphallus is mostly composed of a single narrow band, and the distiphallus is large with discrete sections, including a high, internally smooth subtriangular basal section. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4FCFC497FFDC11DAE8C08FB912B481F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
20EC9BF41DF50DBCD05B833F27FFE35E.text	20EC9BF41DF50DBCD05B833F27FFE35E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytobia amelanchieris (Greene)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytobia amelanchieris (Greene)</p>
            <p>Figs 675-677</p>
            <p> Agromyza amelanchieris Greene, 1917: 316. </p>
            <p> Phytobia amelanchieris . Frick, 1952a: 390, 1959: 375; Spencer 1969: 102; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 78. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 675-677). Wing length 3.0-4.4 mm (♂), 3.1-4.8 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-1.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-2.7.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. setosa except as follows: fronto-orbitals usually slender, four to six ori, one ors (difference in orientation pronounced); uncommonly with three ori on one or both sides, but if so, wing length always smaller and orange tint reduced to absent on frons and gena; orbital setulae erect; ocellar and postocellar setae longer than fronto-orbitals; acrostichal seta as long or longer than anterior dorsocentral; mid tibia with only two posteromedial setae; sides of buccal cavity converging anteriorly; length of epistoma usually equal to width of space between arms of clypeus; antenna always mostly orange with distal region of first flagellomere brown; cheek and parafacial thicker, more pronounced; frons grey, usually with only anteromedial region narrowly to more broadly orangish; epandrium brown to light brown with orange tint; base of distiphallus slightly wider than and distinctly darker than tubules (seen laterally). Paratype dissected by Spencer with long, cruciate, posterolateral  “interfrontal” setae. </p>
            <p> Variation: Some ON specimens with palpus dirty orange to orange, similar to  P. betulivora , but orange colour dull, and pale region on frons restricted to anterior 1/3 or less. Female from WA with very long fronto-orbitals (6 ori) and large epistoma; with small fifth dorsocentral; pruinosity brownish, not grey; parafacial and fronto-orbital plate strongly swollen; eye height divided by gena 1.4. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Rosaceae -  Amelanchier canadensis . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB*, BC, MB, NB*, NS*, ON, QC, SK. USA: CA*, KS*, MA, MI, NC, TN, VA, WA, WV.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. WV: French Creek, Quaintance No. 9444, F.E. Brooks (1♀, USNM; type No. 21063).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>USA. MI: Gladwin Co., 18.v.1946, R.R. Dreisbach (1♀,USNM), WV: French Creek, F.E. Brooks, Quaintance No. 9444 (3♂ 2♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Waterton</a>
                 , 8.vi.1962, K.C. Hermann, CNC391688 (1♀, CNC), BC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Fife</a>
                 , 5mi E, 8.vi.1959, R.E. Leech, CNC391646 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Lethbridge</a>
                 , vi.1967, N.L.H. Krauss (1♀, USNM), MB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Ninette</a>
                 , bur oak community, 7.v.1958, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391614, CNC391632, CNC391633, CNC391615 (2♂ 2♀, CNC), at margin of beaver pond, 9.v.1958, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391631, CNC391609, CNC391611, CNC391616 (3♂, 1♀, CNC), NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 20.v.1977, W.P. Hanley,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Code</a>
                 - 5098B, CNC391682 (1♂, CNC), 22.v.1977,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Hanley</a>
                 and  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Cooper</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Code</a>
                 - 5111O, CNC391651 (1♀, CNC), 23.v.1977, B. Cooper,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Code</a>
                 - 5113Q, CNC391648 (1♀, CNC), W.P. Hanley,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Code</a>
                 - 5112P, CNC391649 (1♀, CNC), 25.v.1977, B. Cooper, Code - 5133K, CNC391650 (1♀, CNC), NS: CBHNt. Pk., Mackenzie Mtn., 400 m, birch and fir, 27.v.1984, B.E. Cooper, PG639848, CNC391680 (1♂, CNC), 28.v.1984, CNC391687 (1♀, CNC), 29.v.1984, CNC391681 (1♂, CNC), ON: Griffith, 7mi E, 1.vi.1985, B.E. Cooper, CNC391675 (1♂, CNC), 1.viii.1982, CNC391686 (1♀, CNC), Griffith, 15.v.1982, B.E. Cooper, CNC391647 (1♀, CNC), Lanark Co., N. Burgess Twp., 30.iv.1972, D.M. Wood, CNC391685 (2♂ / ♀, CNC), Mer Bleue Bog, Ottawa, 14.v.1965, CNC391676 (1♂, CNC), Metcalfe, 12.v.1982, B.E. Cooper, CNC391619 (1♂, CNC), 12.v.1983, CNC391663-391665, CNC391669, CNC391670, CNC391674 (5♂ 1♀, CNC), 14.v.1983, CNC391661, CNC391620, CNC391621, CNC391626, CNC391628, CNC391629 (6♂, CNC), 14.v.1994, CNC391652, CNC391653, CNC391655, CNC391656, CNC391671 (5♂, CNC), 17.v.1994, CNC391673 (1♂, CNC), 18.v.1983, CNC391624 (1♂, CNC), 25.v.1983, CNC391662 (1♂, CNC), 3.v.1983, CNC391666, CNC391668 (2♂, CNC), 3.v.1994, CNC391659, CNC391660 (2♂, CNC), 30.iv.1983, CNC391622, CNC391623, CNC391625, CNC391627 (4♂, CNC), 4.v.1994, CNC391658 (1♂, CNC), 6.v.1983, CNC391667 (1♂, CNC), 7.v.1994, CNC391654, CNC391657 (2♂, CNC), 9.v.1983, CNC391672 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 45°21'N, 75°45'W, city garden, 1-15.iv.2010, H. Goulet, Malaise trap, CNC391679 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 12.v.1965, B.V. Peterson, CNC391677 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, damp second growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 29.v.1997, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391678 (1♂, CNC), Rockport, 9.v.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC391612 (1♂, CNC), QC: Beechgrove, 15.v.1961, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391634, CNC391635 (2♀, CNC), 45°39'N, 76°8'W, 15.v.1961, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391683, CNC391610, CNC391636-CNC391645 (2♂, 10♀, CNC), Farnham, 5.vi.1963, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391608 (1♂, CNC), Gatineau Pk., Harrington Lk., 30.v.1954, J.E.H. Martin, CNC391607 (1♂, CNC), SK: Sask. Landing, 50°39'N, 107°56'W, 25.v.1955, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391618 (1♂, CNC), Saskatoon, 23.v.1940, A.R. Brooks, CNC391630 (1♀, CNC), 29.iv.1949, CNC391613 (1♂, CNC), 6.v.1949, CNC391617 (2♂ / ♀, CNC)  .   USA. CA:  Lake Tahoe , 20.vi.1963, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), KS: Lawrence, Nat. Hist. Res., 28.iv.1956, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391684, CNC391815, CNC391816 (3♂, CNC), WA: Deer Park, 5.v.1912, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Greene (1917) discussed the larvae of  Phytobia amelanchieris , which were collected "Nearly full-grown" from the roots and the base of the trunk of Canadian serviceberry from early June to early July. Differences between this species and  P. setosa are very slight and provided only tentatively here, and specimens with fewer, thicker fronto-orbitals can be difficult to diagnose; the boundaries of these two species should be re-evaluated following the collection of additional specimens. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/20EC9BF41DF50DBCD05B833F27FFE35E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E.text	D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytobia betulivora Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytobia betulivora Spencer</p>
            <p>Fig. 678</p>
            <p> Phytobia betulivora Spencer, 1969: 103. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 76. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.8-4.2 mm (♂), 3.8-4.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.0-1.4. Costa extending to vein M. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.2-3.1. Frons soft. Ocellar triangle indistinct. Parafacial wide, most pronounced dorsally, continuing as cheek on anterior 1/2 of gena. No space between antennal bases. Clypeus narrow, sides of buccal cavity slightly converging anteriorly and epistoma large and triangular (length not exceeding width). Space between cross-veins as long as, or slightly shorter than dm-m. Lunule sometimes sunken and obscured.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Four or six ori; one ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae as developed as, or longer than fronto-orbitals. Orbital setulae erect to slightly reclinate, mostly in one irregular row but with some also between bases of fronto-orbitals. Vibrissa not much larger than genal setae, which are long and well-developed. Four strong dorsocentrals (one presutural). Small to weak seta medial to presutural supra-alar. One pair of prescutellar acrostichal setae as long as anterior dorsocentral. One or two posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with grey pruinosity that is especially dark on thorax, except as follows: antenna (sometimes excluding infuscation around base of arista), parafacial (sometimes tinged with brown/grey in part), face (brownish below antennae or only centrally) and gena (lower margin brown) orange to yellow, sometimes tinged with brown/grey; frons bright orange to yellow, at least on anterior 1/3-2/3 of frons including part of fronto-orbital plate, but sometimes orange region more extensive, at most with dark brownish grey region restricted to ocellar tubercle, paler region behind tubercle, and posterolateral corner of frons including base of vertical setae and base of posterior fronto-orbital; palpus orange; frons usually slightly darker around base of fronto-orbitals; scutellum, notopleuron, postpronotum and legs (more so on tarsi) with orange tint; base of tibiae and apices of femora sometimes faintly to more strongly orange; halter yellow; epandrium centrally or more widely reddish. Calypter margin brown to dark brown, sometimes slightly orange, with hairs dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Fig. 678) As described for  P. setosa , except as follows: right distolateral process of basiphallus slightly broader, but more weakly sclerotised along its length; mesophallus slightly stouter (especially apically) and more curved; base of distiphallus more bulbous and projecting ventrally; base of ejaculatory apodeme wider. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Betulaceae -  Betula nigra ,  Alnus (Spencer 1969, 1990). Record of possible oviposition in Fraxinus (  Oleaceae ) (see below). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: ON, QC*. USA: DC, IL, KS, MA*, NY, PA*, WA*. Czech Republic, Hungary (Papp and  Černý 2016). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. DC: Chain Bridge, 15.iv.1913, ex. cambium of  Betula nigra , C.T. Greene (1♂ [with puparium], USNM). </p>
            <p>Paratype examined. Canada. ON: Wilno, 16.v.1960, J.F. McAlpine, CNC Type No. 10460, CNC391689 (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Mainfleet Bog , 8 km S Welland, 14-20.vi.1988, 021, pt. 2 - 1962 zone, A. Stirling (1♂, DEBU), Metcalfe, 4.vii.1985, B.E. Cooper, CNC391695 (1♂, CNC), Nr. Picton, 7.vii.1970, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391692 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, between Carling and Driveway, 12.vi.1962, L.K. Smith, ovipositing in sucker stem of ash in CNR ditch, CNC391691 (1♀, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, Grenadier I. Centre, 25.vi.1975, E. Signer, Malaise trap, Code - 231  ×- 107, CNC391690 (1♀, CNC), QC: Duncan Lake, nr. Rupert, 21.v.1971, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391696, CNC391693 (2♂, CNC)  .   USA. DC:  Chain Bridge , 10719, Hopk. U.S.,  Betula nigra , C.T. Greene, reared 12.v.1913 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), reared 22.iv.1913 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), reared 18.iv.1913 (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), IL: St. Joseph, 3.v.1914, Salt Fork, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), KS: Lawrence, Nat. Hist. Res., 28.iv.1956, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391694 (1♂, CNC), MA: Boston, May, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), NY: Oneonta, 30.v.1935, H.K. Townes (1♀, USNM), PA: Hawley, 30.v.1937, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), WA: Oroville, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Some Canadian specimens have the orange colour on the frons highly reduced, thereby resembling  Phytobia amelanchieris , but colour of the palpus, gena and parafacial will still differentiate the two. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D099AF1861645BA5476D13C173DA0B9E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
A3BA3BDE284F3DBA9B94E4B5EECEDBB3.text	A3BA3BDE284F3DBA9B94E4B5EECEDBB3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytobia calyptrata (Hendel)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytobia calyptrata (Hendel)</p>
            <p>Figs 679-682</p>
            <p> Agromyza nigrisquama Malloch, 1916: 53 [preoccupied by Malloch (1914)]. </p>
            <p> Agromyza calyptrata Hendel, 1923: 145 [new name]. Frick 1952a: 372. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Trilobomyza) calyptrata . Frick, 1953: 70, 1959: 393. </p>
            <p> Phytobia septentrionalis Spencer, 1969: 106. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytobia calyptrata . Spencer &amp; Steyskal, 1986b: 270. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 2.9-3.5 mm (♂♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.1-1.2. Costa extending to vein M. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.1-7.0. Frons well-sclerotised and evenly rounded with fronto-orbital plate ill-defined and projecting. Parafacial projecting, venter less pronounced, continuing as narrow cheek on anterior 1/2 of gena; narrow, slightly widened and projecting dorsally. Lunule semi-circular, shallow. Space between antennae ~ 1/3 width of scape. Clypeus narrow and broadly rounded, buccal cavity subquadrate, and length of epistoma 0.2  × width or less. Space between cross-veins longer than length of dm-m, sometimes nearly 1.5  × length of dm-m. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three ori on one side); two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Orbital setulae reclinate, in one irregular row. One presutural and three postsutural dorsocentrals; slightly decreasing in length anteriorly or with anterior two much shorter, closer in length to surrounding setulae. Small to weak seta medial to long presutural supra-alar. Acrostichal seta slightly thinner than, and nearly as long as fronto-orbitals. One posteromedial seta on mid tibia.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Body predominantly dark brown with slight orange-reddish tint that is stronger on antenna, legs and venter of pleuron; body with light greyish brown pruinosity that is greyer and denser dorsally on head and thorax (shinier on ocellar tubercle and in posterolateral corner of frons); dorsum of thorax slightly, and frons sometimes much darker; lunule whitish to beige; parafacial sometimes whitish to beige medially (type specimens  Phytobia septentrionalis ); legs brown with base of tibiae slightly yellowish; halter yellow; epandrium sometimes reddish. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. </p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 679-682) Hypandrial lobe medially setose and plate-like, nearly separate. Postgonite deeply cleft and upcurved anteriorly. Basiphallus long and narrow, bifid on distal 1/3. Paraphallus sometimes evident as one pair of weak bars. Hypophallus sometimes visible as weak ventral plate. Mesophallus cylindrical with base rounded, slightly longer than wide, entirely fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus tubular and weakly sclerotised, constricted subbasally, widening distally with apex more abruptly expanded; sometimes appearing apically bifid.</p>
            <p>Variation: NB female with lunule very shallow, nearly straight along dorsal margin, parafacial thicker and projecting, and dorsocentrals becoming only slightly shorter anteriorly.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - possibly  Salix (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NB*, ON, QC. USA: DC, IL, KS, MD, NY.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza nigrisquama ]: USA. Illinois (1♀, INHS). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Phytobia septentrionalis ]: Canada. QC: Kingsmere, 12.v.1958, CNC Type No. 10389, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Paratype examined</p>
            <p> [  Phytobia septentrionalis ]: Canada. ON: Simcoe, 20.v.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC Type No. 10389, CNC391706 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 24.v.1977, B. Cooper,  Code - 5132J, CNC391698 (1♀, CNC), ON:  St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park , McDonald Is., 7.viii.1979, W. Reed, Code 4353.M (1♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, McDonald Is., 21.vii.1976, W. Reid, Code 4166-F, CNC391699 (1♀, CNC), 7.viii.1976, W. Reid, Code 4353-M, CNC391697 (1♂, CNC), Stratford, 15.viii.1959, D.H. Pengelley (7♀, DEBU), Midland, 12.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391702 (1♂, CNC), 5.v.1959, CNC391700, CNC391701 (2♂, CNC), Ottawa, damp second growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 8.vii.2003, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391705 (1♀, CNC), QC: Duncan Lake, nr. Rupert, 21.v.1971, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391703 (1♂, CNC), 29.v.1971, CNC391704 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. MD:  Colesville , 24.vii.1974, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A3BA3BDE284F3DBA9B94E4B5EECEDBB3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0CDD3F5A3F47BF8F3C9AD49523C273AF.text	0CDD3F5A3F47BF8F3C9AD49523C273AF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytobia Lioy 1864	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytobia Lioy</p>
            <p> Phytobia Lioy, 1864: 1313. Type species:  Agromyza errans Meigen 1830: 178, by monotypy. Spencer 1969: 101; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 73; Zlobin 2007a: 57, 2007b: 47, 2008a: 67, 2008b: 61. </p>
            <p> Dendromyza Hendel, 1931: 22 [as subgenus of  Dizygomyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza carbonaria Zetterstedt 1848: 2739, by original designation. Kangas 1935: 1 [as genus]. Frick 1952a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liomyzina Enderlein, 1936a: 180 [nomen nudum - no type species designated]. Frick 1952a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liomycina Enderlein, 1936b: 42 [attributes to Enderlein 1936a]. Type species:  Domomyza lunulata Hendel 1920: 124, by original designation. Syn. nov. [all previous synonymies of the genus name described in the paper are misspelled "  Liomyzina ", that is, the nomen nudum given in Enderlein (1936a)] </p>
            <p> Shizukoa Sasakawa, 1963: 38. Type species:  Shizukoa seticopia Sasakawa 1963: 41, by original designation. Spencer 1965d [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytobia is a genus of relatively large and stout-bodied species found in shrubs and trees as larvae. The larvae feed on young xylem, incorrectly referred to as  “cambium” in much of the literature (Ylioja et al. 1998). These larvae are far less obvious to the collector compared to those in other genera feeding within leaves or even stems, and as such, biological data are incomplete for many species. This method of larval feeding is essential to the definition of the genus, as external adult morphology broadly overlaps with those of other genera, and has historically resulted in a broad fluxuation of it boundaries. Zlobin (2007a) suggested that  Phytobia likely consisted of at least three separate genera, and while structures of the distiphallus do appear to support a deep split between several main lineages, the relative uniformity of external adult morphology, commonalities of the remainder of the male genitalia, and the complex, unique larval habit suggest otherwise, although little can be stated with any certainty until more is learned about this understudied group. </p>
            <p> Phytobia can be easily confused for some  Agromyza , but the latter always has an apical bend on vein R1 in Nearctic species, and the lateral margin of the first and second tergite has a conspicuous file. The relatively common  Nemorimyza posticata is also superficially similar, but in this species the fore tibia has a lateromedial seta, and the lunule is semi-circular and silvery (not shallow and yellow to brown with a light pruinosity);  N. maculosa is also similar, but it has a dark spot on the halter. </p>
            <p> Zlobin (2007a, 2007b, 2008a, 2008b) noted that nearly 100 species have been described in this genus, but this likely far underrepresents its actual diversity. Sixteen species are known in the United States and Canada, including Spencer and  Steyskal’s (1986b) "Sp. n.  Salix " from New York. Five species occur in the Delmarva states. Contrasting other groups of  Agromyzidae , many species show a relative uniformity in genitalic morphology, leaving external characters such as colour, chaetotaxy and venation to predominate in keys and diagnoses. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0CDD3F5A3F47BF8F3C9AD49523C273AF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7B288C2B42068A482A91E44081E7D380.text	7B288C2B42068A482A91E44081E7D380.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytobia setosa (Loew 1869)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytobia setosa (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 3, 124, 125, 683-688, 689</p>
            <p> Agromyza setosa Loew, 1869: 45. Frick 1952a: 373. </p>
            <p> Agromyza aceris Greene, 1917: 313. Frick 1952a: 390. Frick 1959 [synonymy not explicit]. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Phytobia) setosa . Frick 1959: 376. </p>
            <p> Phytobia setosa . Spencer 1969: 107; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 77. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 3, 124, 125, 689). Wing length 3.4-4.6 mm (♂), 3.7-4.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-1.4. Costa extending to vein M. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.0-4.1. Frons soft if anterior margin orange. Space between antennae ~ 1/3-2/3 width of scape. Clypeus narrow, sides of buccal cavity parallel and length of epistoma 1/2 width. Space between cross-veins as long as dm-m.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two or three ori; two ors (anterior ors sometimes slightly inclinate). Orbital setulae reclinate, in a single irregular row. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed, subequal to fronto-orbitals. Small to weak seta medial to presutural supra-alar. Prescutellar acrostichal seta nearly as long as anterior dorsocentral. Two to three posteromedial setae on mid tibia.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body predominantly dark brown. Lunule orange. Frons slate-grey with posterolateral margin and anterior 1/3 or less sometimes orange; if frons between fronto-orbital plates partially orange, sides of face and gena orange to rusty with all or dorsal margin of gena grey and ventral margin brown. Antenna dark orange, distal margin of first flagellomere brownish (more so on outer face, particularly in individuals with entirely grey frons); uncommonly dark brown with base (more so on inner surface) conspicuously orange. Mid trochanter and coxa sometimes orange laterally. Halter yellow. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Abdomen with epandrium sometimes variably to entirely orange or reddish, brightest near base.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 683-688) Epandrium slightly produced ventrally. Surstylus separate from epandrium, small, heavily setose apically, directed inwards. Cercus narrow, setose. Hypandrium well-developed, with narrower, stout, rounded apex; inner lobe with several setae. Phallophorus small. Basiphallus narrowly sclerotised along dorsum, split apically with left process hook-like and right process abruptly paler on distal 1/2; halves flanking base of mesophallus. Hypophallus narrow, curved, longer than mesophallus. Mesophallus cylindrical with base rounded, slightly bent at midpoint, width ~ 1/3 length; dorsally fused to base of distiphallus. Distiphallus divided into one pair of long, slender tubules along most of length; evenly dark along length. Ejaculatory apodeme stout with rounded blade, short, apically widening stem and stout base; sperm pump with transverse sclerotised bar.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Sapindaceae -  Acer rubrum ,  A. saccharum *. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NB*, NS*, ON, QC, SK*. USA: AZ*, CT*, DC, IA, IN, MA, MD, MI, NY, PA*, VA, WI, WV. Mexico (Durango).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: [setosa]: USA. District of Columbia (1♂, MCZ; type No. 13442).</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Agromyza aceris ]: USA. VA: Falls Church, Chain Bridge,  Acer rubrum , reared 26.iv.1916, "12973 Hopk US", C.T. Greene (1♀ 1puparium, USNM; type No. 21062). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined</p>
            <p> [  Agromyza aceris ]: USA. VA: Falls Church, Chain Bridge,  Acer rubrum , reared 26.iv.1916, "12971-a Hopk US",  Acer , C.T. Greene (1♂ 1puparium, USNM), WV: French Creek, F.E. Brooks, Quaintance No. 9444 (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 10.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine, Code 6025S, CNC391749 (1 ex [abdomen missing], CNC), 11.vii.1977, Code - 6026T, CNC391753 (1♀, CNC), 12.vii.1977, Code - 6041I, CNC391754 (1♀, CNC), 13.vii.1977, Code - 6042J, CNC391755 (1♀, CNC), Code - 6039G, CNC391756 (1♀, CNC), 8.vii.1977, Code - 6021O, CNC391752 (1♀, CNC), 15.vi.1978, S.J. Miller, Code - 7066T, CNC391811 (1♀, CNC), 18.v.1977, B. Cooper, Code - 5065U, CNC391744 (1♂, CNC), 20.v.1977, Code - 5097A, CNC391750, CNC391812 (2♀, CNC), 19.v.1977, W.P. Hanley, Code - 5087Q, CNC391748 (1 ex [abdomen missing], CNC), Code - 5098B, CNC391745, CNC391751 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 6.vii.1977, NS: CBHNt. Pk., Mackenzie Mtn., 400 m, birch and fir, 1.vi.1984, B.E. Cooper, PG639848, CNC391765 (1♂, CNC), 27.v.1984, CNC391767 (1♂, CNC), 28.v.1984, CNC391769, CNC391814 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), 29.v.1984, CNC391768 (1♂, CNC), 30.v.1984, CNC391766 (1♂, CNC), 31.v.1984, CNC391770 (1♂, CNC), 7.vi.1984, CNC391813 (1♀, CNC), ON: Midland, 18.v.1976, J.T. Huber (1♂, DEBU), Guelph, 10.v.1982, A. John (1♂, DEBU), Essex Co., Windsor, ~ 1.5 km S Ojibway Prairie, 5-12.vi.2001, private prairie, Malaise, S. Paiero (1♂, USNM),  Bell’s Cor., 1.v.1951, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391732 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Greenbush</a>
                 , at lights, 6.v.1999, R. Hainault, CNC391807 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Lanark Co.</a>
                 , N. Burgess Twp., 15.v.1971, D.M. Wood, CNC391808-391810 (3♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Marmora</a>
                 , 25.iv.1952, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391734 (1♂, CNC), 28.iv.1952, CNC391757 (1♀, CNC), 29.iv.1952, CNC391733 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Metcalfe</a>
                 , 12.v.1983, B.E. Cooper, CNC391785 (1♂, CNC), 14.v.1994, CNC391788, CNC391789 (2♂, CNC), 17.v.1994, CNC391786, CNC391787 (2♂, CNC), 7.v.1994, CNC391791 (1♂, CNC), 8.v.1994, CNC391790 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Midland</a>
                 , 5.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391780 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Normandale</a>
                 , 42°42'N, 80°19'W, 22.v.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391730, CNC391731 (2♂, CNC), Ottawa, 9.v.1923, C.H. Curran, CNC391740 (1♂, CNC), Rockport, 9.v.1961, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391781 (1♂, CNC), QC: Abbotsford, 22.v.1936, G.E. Shewell, CNC391758 (1♀, CNC), Beechgrove, 45°39'N, 76°8'W, 10.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391727-391729 (3♂, CNC), 15.v.1961, CNC391723 (1♂, CNC), 16.v.1962, CNC391724-391726, CNC391760 (3♂, 1♀, CNC), Chelsea, 24.iv.1933, G.S. Walley, CNC391741 (2♂ / ♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Duncan Lake</a>
                 , nr. Rupert, 21.v.1971, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391793, CNC391794, CNC391762-391764, CNC391802, CNC391805, CNC391806 (3♂ 5♀, CNC), 29.v.1971, CNC391792, CNC391795-391801, CNC391803 (9♀, CNC), 5.vi.1971, CNC391804 (1♀, CNC), Gatineau Pk., Harrington Lk., 31.v.1954, E.E. Sterns, CNC391759 (1♀, CNC), Gatineau Pk., Lac Philippe, 23.v.2011, O. Lonsdale, CNC391779 (1♂, CNC), Hull, 22.v.1923, R. Ozburn, CNC391720 (1♂, CNC), 26.iv.1929, C.H. Curran, CNC391707 (1♂, CNC), Kingsmere, 12.v.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391721, CNC391722 (2♂, CNC), Lac Mondor, Ste. Flore, 21.v.1951, E.G. Munroe, CNC391746 (1♂, CNC), 5.v.1951, CNC391713, CNC391714 (2♂, CNC), 5.vi.1951, CNC391717 (1♂, CNC), 6.v.1951, CNC391708-391712, CNC391715, CNC391716, CNC391718 (8♂, CNC), Lac Philippe, 75°36'N, 76°0'W, 25.iv.1987, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391773, CNC391777 (2♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">Mt. St. Hilaire</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -107.933334/lat 50.65)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-107.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.65">North Ck.</a>
                 , 3-6.v.1982, B.M. Nelson, CNC391771, CNC391772, CNC391774-391776 (5♂, CNC), Old Chelsea, 17.v.1947, G.E. Shewell, CNC391735-391739 (5♂, CNC), 17.v.1990, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391778 (1♂, CNC), Tetreau val, 20.v.1923, C.H. Curran, CNC391719 (1♂, CNC), SK: Sask. Landing, 50°39'N, 107°56'W, 25.v.1955, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391761 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. AZ: Portal SW Res. Sta., 5-9.vi.1972, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), CT: Redding, 19.v.1934, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), IN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Lafayette</a>
                 , 1.iv.1918, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Petersham</a>
                 , 2.vi.1914, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Woods Hole</a>
                 , 20-30.vi.1923, A.H. Sturtevant (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">New Bedford</a>
                 , 25.iv, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Boston, A.L. Melander,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">May</a>
                 (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">June</a>
                 (1♀, USNM), MD: near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Plummers Isl.</a>
                 , 7.iv.1915, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), Montgomery Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Clarksburg</a>
                 , 20-22.v.1988, W.E. Steiner and J.M. Swearingen (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Bethseda</a>
                 , 5.v.1969, G. Steyskal (2♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Colesville</a>
                 , 21.iv.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Bethseda</a>
                 , 27.iv.1969, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Prince Georges Co.</a>
                 , 7.v.1977, J.F. Reinert (1♂, USNM), MI:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Otsego Co.</a>
                 , 26.iv.1941, R.R. Dreisbach (1♂, USNM), NY: Savage Rt. Pond, 3mi W Geneva,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Knutson</a>
                 , pupa coll. 21.iii.1966, emerged 2.iv (1♂ [with puparium], USNM), W Nyack, 31.v.1936, A.L. Melander (2♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Long Island</a>
                 , 17.ix.1988, R. Latham (1♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Long Island</a>
                 , Orient., R. Latham, 6.viii.1952 (1♀, USNM), 4.ix.1962 (1♀, USNM), PA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Sullivan Co.</a>
                 , Wyoming State For., 8 km NW Laporte, 6.v.1987, J.M. Cumming, CNC391782-391784 (3♂, CNC), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Great Falls
Park
</a>
                 , quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, D.R. Smith, 3-10.v.2007 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 10-17.v.2007 (1♀, USNM), 24.iv-2.v.2007 (1♀, USNM), WI:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.246666/lat 38.985)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.246666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.985">Sawyer Co.</a>
                 , 7.v.1964, J.B. Hanson, ex. sugar maple root (1♂ 1♀, USNM). Location unknown. "Mel. It. / v.18.10", CNC391742 (2♂ / ♀, CNC), 3-51Y / BRI-97 / 75-714, CNC391747 (1♂, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Feeding on relatively widespread and abundant hosts,  Acer rubrum and  A. saccharum ,  Phytobia setosa is encountered with relative frequency east of Manitoba and New Mexico and is often well-represented in collections. External and male genitalic morphology strongly resembles that of the sometimes similarly large  Phytobia amelanchieris , especially in those  P. setosa with the anterior ors slightly inclinate, but  P. amelanchieris often has more slender fronto-orbitals with the ori and ors always clearly differentiated, and the sides of the buccal cavity are slightly convergent anteriorly. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7B288C2B42068A482A91E44081E7D380	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D7B63FC38D9D07B2EF83C6EDF73D4179.text	D7B63FC38D9D07B2EF83C6EDF73D4179.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytobia waltoni (Malloch 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytobia waltoni (Malloch)</p>
            <p>Figs 690-692</p>
            <p> Agromyza waltoni Malloch, 1913a: 303. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Phytobia) waltoni . Frick, 1952a: 391, 1959: 377. </p>
            <p> Phytobia waltoni . Spencer, 1969: 109; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 272. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 690). Wing length 3.2-3.9 mm (♂), 3.6-4.0 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.1-1.5. Costa extending to vein M. Space between cross-veins ~ 1/2 length of dm-m, but sometimes nearly 2/3 length. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.2-3.6. Frons well-sclerotised; ocellar triangle indistinct. Space between antennae ~ 2/3-3/3 width of scape. Clypeus stout and broad, width equal to length, length at midpoint longer than epistoma. Epistoma shallow and broad. Frons shiny around base of fronto-orbitals (pruinose in other species).</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori; two ors (inset). Postocellar seta as long as ors; ocellar seta slightly longer. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, slightly decreasing in size anteriorly. One pair of strong prescutellar acrostichal setae, subequal to dorsocentrals. One usually indistinct posteromedial mid tibial seta.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head dark brown with lunule orange to brown. Thorax brown to dark brown with orange-reddish tint (paler on postpronotum and notopleuron, particularly on anterior margin, or with pale spot on either side of postpronotum) and brownish grey pruinosity; halter yellow. Calypter margin and hairs dark. Legs and abdomen brown to dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 691-692) Inner lobe of hypandrium broadly arched anteriorly with apex setulose. Postgonite narrow with apex broadly expanded dorsally and with one inner seta. Basiphallus relatively short with well-developed recurved subapical branch. Hypophallus with one pair of narrow, weakly pigmented and textured plate-like lobes with truncated, serrated apical margins. Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus narrow, ~ 1/2 length of distal section, broadly rounded basally, narrowed apically to point of fusion with bulbous base of distiphallus. Distiphallus split along most of length into two narrower tubules with flared apex; base surrounded by membranous fringe with paired leaf-like processes anteriorly. Ejaculatory apodeme short, blade reduced to stump; sperm pump with reduced ventral sclerotisation.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NB*, QC. USA: IA, NC, NH*, NY, SC, TN*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. NY: "Amer. Sept. Horv., 1907", Adirondack, Long Lake (1♀, USNM; type No. 15572).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. NB: Kouchibouguac N.P., 10.vii.1977, J.F. McAlpine,  Code - 6025S, CNC391826 (1♂, CNC), 11.vii.1977, Code - 6026T, CNC391822, CNC391823 (2♂, CNC), 12.vii.1977, Code - 6040H, Code - 6041I, CNC391829, CNC391830, CNC391825 (3♂, CNC), 13.vii.1977, Code - 6042J, CNC391832-391824, CNC391827 (4♂, CNC), 6.vii.1977, Code - 6039G, CNC391831 (1♂, CNC), 9.vii.1977, Code - 6023Q, Code - 6023a, Code - 6024R, CNC391819-391821, CNC391828 (3♂ 1♀, CNC), 12.vii.1977, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391836 (1♀, CNC), 12.vii.1978, S.J. Miller, Code - 7250V, CNC391835 (1♂, CNC), 22.vii.1978, Code - 7325S, CNC391834 (1♂, CNC), QC: Mt. Albert, 28.vii.1954, J.E.H. Martin, CNC391817, CNC391818 (2♀, CNC)  .   USA. NC:  Smokies , Andrews Bald, 9.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (16♂ 3♀, USNM), Great Smokies N.P., Clingmans Dome, A.L. Melander, 18.vii.1941 (5♂, USNM), 19.vii.1941 (1♂, USNM), Great Smokies N.P., "Newfnd Ridge", 11.vii.1941, A.L. Melander (9♂ 2♀, USNM), Smokies, Forney Ridge, 26.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), NH: Lost River, vii.1931, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Franconia Ntch, 8.vii.1931, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), TN: Smokies, Arch Rock, 28.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D7B63FC38D9D07B2EF83C6EDF73D4179	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
E9282E775F42F31C55FA86805E38E789.text	E9282E775F42F31C55FA86805E38E789.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytoliriomyza arctica (Lundbeck 1901)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytoliriomyza arctica (Lundbeck)</p>
            <p>Figs 126, 127, 693-698</p>
            <p> Agromyza arctica Lundbeck, 1900: 304. </p>
            <p> Phytobia (Icteromyza) arctica . Hendel, 1931: 57; Frick 1952a: 393. </p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza arctica . Shewell, 1953: 469; Frick 1957: 204 [lectotype designation], 1959: 414; Spencer 1969: 202; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 154;  Černý et al. 2020: 213. </p>
            <p> Odinia immaculata . Misidentification. Coquillett 1902: 185. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Figs 126, 127, 693). Wing length 1.6-1.9 mm (♂), 1.9-2.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.5-1.7. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.6-3.8. Eye minutely pilose. Vein r-m near basal 1/3 of cell dm. Frons soft medially and with broad groove surrounding well-sclerotised tubercle.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori; two ors. Orbital setulae proclinate. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, anterior two dorsocentrals smaller. Very few acrostichal setulae in two scattered rows anteriorly; intra-alar setulae similarly reduced.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Frons brownish, never light yellow, but sometimes fading to light yellow or yellow laterally; lateral margin with whitish pruinosity; ocellar tubercle dark brown; back of head brown; first flagellomere lightly to darkly infuscated on outer face on basal 2/3-3/4 or less with pigment fading anteroventrally, and dorsal margin often more darkly and more extensively infuscated, but sometimes mostly dark with venter yellow; remainder of head light yellow with clypeus dark brown, and face (sometimes lightly infuscated along midline) and parafacial paler. Notum dark, densely covered with grey pruinosity that may become more coppery posteriorly; notopleuron and postpronotum sometimes with pale mottling or faint yellow tint, but sometimes bright yellow with yellow stripe continuing along side of scutum to posterior margin. Metanotum brown with mediotergite darker and katatergite and anatergite sometimes yellowish to light yellow. Pleuron dark with lighter pruinosity, usually with dorsal margin of katepisternum (rarely including base of seta) and meron yellowish to yellow, and often at least with dorsum of anepisternum and anepimeron yellow; pigment variably faded, sometimes with most of anepisternum and anepimeron yellow, excluding limited ventral brown markings. Apical surface of halter light brown, but pigment sometimes faint to indistinct. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs varying from mostly brown to mostly yellow, but at least brown on base of coxae (most extensive on hind leg), femora with faint dorsal mottling (sometimes indistinct on mid and hind legs), and tibiae and tarsi brown; legs sometimes almost entirely brown to dark brown with distal 2/3 of fore femur yellow, and mid and hind femora yellow apically with additional extensive yellow(ish) mottling. Abdomen brown to dark brown with lateral margin of tergites often narrowly to widely yellow, but sometimes mostly yellow with only dorsomedial stripe and epandrium light brown to brown (ovipositor always dark brown).</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 694-698) Surstylus directed inwards, angled anteriorly, subtriangular with shallow posterobasal process, setulose. Subepandrial sclerite with one pair of anteriorly directed arms and with broader posteriorly directed process at midpoint; seta on narrow membrane between arm and process; arms meet above cerci as clear bilobate plate. Hypandrium narrow and elongate distally with wide inner membrane along length and one pair of basal setulae on each lobe. Postgonite lobate, apically bifid and with two setulae. Basiphallus long and narrow with one pair of basally joined sclerites. Mesophallus and paraphallus not evident. Hypophallus small, membranous. Distiphallus clear, extremely long and flagellate, with base stouter and slightly more sclerotised. Ejaculatory apodeme small with short, wide blade and narrow stalk; venter of sperm pump dark.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Greenland. North America. Europe. Iran, South Korea (  Černý et al. 2020). Taiwan. Sri Lanka. Brazil. Chile. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Crepis ,  Lapsana ,  Solidago ,  Sonchus (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b; Spencer 1990). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype: Denmark: Greenland (1♂, ZMUC). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Paralectotype: Canada. AB: Aweme, J.M. Aldrich, 11.x.1916 (2♀, USNM), 19.ix.1916 (2♀, USNM), Kushla, iv.1915, A.H. Sturtevant (1♀, USNM), Elkwater, 12.vi.1956, O. Peck, CNC479918, CNC479933 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Orion, 49°28'N, 110°50'W, 6.vi.1955, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391890 (1♀, CNC), Walsh, 2.viii.1927, [illegible], CNC391875 (1♂, CNC), BC: Kaslo,  “17-7” , R.P. Currie (1♀, USNM), Creston, 8.v.1958, H.andA. Howden, CNC479938 (1♀, CNC), Ketchum L., 58°22'N, 131°45'W, 1097 m, dry sedge grass and moss bogs, 26.viii.1960, R. Pilfrey, CNC479941-479944 (4♀, CNC), W.W. Moss, CNC479940 (1♀, CNC), Kinbasket Lake, 10.vii.2010, Cooper Beauchesne and Assoc. Ltd., Malaise trap, BC Hydro drawdown study (00MRFTa15), CNC479964 (1♂, CNC), 21.vi.2008, (6RS09-15), CNC479965 (1♀, CNC), 29-30.vii.2009, (87MLRT01), CNC479966 (1♀, CNC), 4.vii.2010, (83MCOT01), (84MCOT15), (84MTRTa01), CNC479963, CNC479967-479969 (1♂ 3♀, CNC), Laird R. Hot Sprgs, 1725, 24.viii.1962, P.J. Skitsko, CNC479939 (1♀, CNC), Mt. Revelstoke, 1645 m, 13.viii.1952, G.J. Spencer, CNC479919, CNC479920 (2♂, CNC), Oliver, 13.v.1953, J.R. McGillis, CNC479937 (1♀, CNC), Trinity Valley, 29.vi.1937, H.B. Leech, CNC391896 (1♀, CNC), Vernon, 9.vi.1937, H. Leech, CNC391897 (1♀, CNC), MB: Aweme, 18.vii.1916, Aldrich, CNC391877 (1♂, CNC), Churchill, 58°46'N, 94°10'W, 21.vii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data T-C 1, CNC_Diptera109368 (1♂, CNC), Farnworth Lake, near Churchill, 58°41'N, 94°3'W, 12.vi.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data F-DE, CNC_Diptera109363 (1♀, CNC), Fort Churchill, 58°46'N, 94°10'W, 10.vi.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data T-B 12, CNC_Diptera109364 (1♀, CNC), 20.vi.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data f-B 15, CNC_Diptera109365 (1♂, CNC), 21.vii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data F-E 21, CNC_Diptera109367 (1♂, CNC), 3.vi.1952, C.D. Bird, "f-B 12" CNC_Diptera109378-109380 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), 5.viii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data f-B 12, CNC_Diptera109366 (1♂, CNC), Mile 500, Hudson Bay Ry., 8.viii.1952, J.G. Chillcott, Ecological data F-H, along RR, CNC479932 (1♀, CNC), Treesbank, 27.viii.1915, N. Criddle, CNC391889 (1♀, CNC), NL: Lab. Hebron, taken on fungi, 9.viii.1954, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391853 (1♂, CNC), Labrador, Tessiujak, Nagvak Fjord, 15.viii.1954, J.F. McAlpine, CNC479922 (1♂, CNC), NT: Salmita Mines, 64°5'N, 111°15'W, 18.vi.1953, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391870 (1♀, CNC), NU: Bathurst Inl., N.W.T., Baychimo Harb., M.T.S. Gravity Survey Camp, 2.viii.1966, G.E. Shewell, CNC479936 (1♀, CNC), ON: Ancaster, 26.vi.1955, O. Peck, CNC391977 (1♂, CNC), Belleville, 3.vii.1950, J.C. Martin, CNC479930 (1♀, CNC), Marmora, marsh vegetation, 14.viii.1952, J.F. McAlpine, sweeping, CNC391976 (1♂, CNC), Normandale, 23.v.1956, J.R. Lonsway, CNC391978 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, C.E.F., buckwheat, 18.vii.1951, O. Peck, sweeping, CNC391975 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, Green Valley Motel, on  Solidago , 10.vii.1967, K.A. Spencer, CNC391840, CNC391841, CNC391844, CNC391845 (4♂, CNC), 9.vii.1967, CNC391842, CNC391843 (2♂, CNC), Ottawa, Science Serv. Bldg., on window, 3.vii.1956, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391972 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 12.vii.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391837 (1♀, CNC), 26.vii.1959, CNC391974 (1♂, CNC), 3.ix.1950, CNC479928 (1♀, CNC), 30.x.1956, CNC479929 (1♀, CNC), 31.x.1956, CNC391973 (1♂, CNC), damp second growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 4.vii.2003, CNC479927 (1♀, CNC), 9.viii.2000, CNC479972 (1♂, CNC), Strathroy, 12.vii.1916, Aldrich, CNC391893 (1♀, CNC), 5.vii.1916, Aldrich, CNC391876, CNC391892 (1♂,1♀, CNC), QC: Gatineau Pk., Harrington Lk., 30.v.1954, W.R. Coyles, CNC479931 (1♀, CNC), Great Whale River, 8.viii.1959, W.R.M. Mason, CNC391979 (1♂, CNC), Lac Brule, rugosa, 25.vii.1947, O. Peck, sweeping, CNC391895 (1♀, CNC), Wakefield, 9.vii.1946, A.R. Brooks, CNC391894 (1♀, CNC), SK: Indian Head, K. Ste[cut off], coll. 20.ix.19[??], CNC391888 (1♀, CNC), S of Moosomin Pipestone Creek, 50°2'N, 101°41'W, 570 m, prairie habitat, 2.vi.2007, Goulet, Boudreault and Fernendez, CNC315597 (1 ex, CNC), Saskatoon, 19.ix.1923, K.M. King, 16410, 5N11B, CNC391883 (1♀, CNC), 22.ix.1925, 16421, 30BS, CNC391881 (1♂, CNC), 25.v.1926, 16422, 63AN, CNC391880 (1♂, CNC), 26.v.1926, 16446, 63ASN, CNC391878 (1♂, CNC), 26.vii.1940, 16446G, 1330B, CNC391885, CNC391887 (2♀, CNC), 3.vi.1926, 16422, 64B, CNC391879 (1♂, CNC), 30.vi.1940, 16446G, 1327B, 2nd ser, CNC391886 (1♀, CNC), 9.v.1949, A.R. Brooks, CNC479917 (1♂, CNC), King, coll. 22.vii.19[??], 16446G, 1229B, CNC391884 (1♀, CNC), YT: Aklavik, 10.vi.1953, C.D. Bird, CNC391846 (1♂, CNC), Dawson, 14 mi E, 396 m, 3.viii.1962, P.J. Skitsko, CNC479935 (1♀, CNC), North Fork Crossing, Mi. 43 Peel Plt. Rd., 64°34'N, 138°15'W, 1067 m, 4.vii.1962, P.J. Skitsko, CNC_Diptera109369 (1♀, CNC), North Fork Pass, Ogilvie Mountains, 64°34'N, 138°15'W, 11.vi.1962, R.E. Leech, CNC_Diptera109370, CNC_Diptera109371 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), 12.vi.1962, CNC_Diptera109373-109376 (2♂ 2♀, CNC), 20.vi.1962, CNC_Diptera109372, CNC_Diptera109377 (1♂ 1♀, CNC), Otter Lake, 62°30'N, 130°25'W, 1219 m, 15.vii.1960, J.E.H. Martin, CNC391847 (1♂, CNC),  Takhini Hot Sprgs., 731 m, 16.viii.1962, R.E. Leech, CNC479934 (1♀, CNC). Greenland. Sondrestrom Air Base, 28.vii.1952, W.J. Brown, CNC479923 (1♂, CNC), 7.viii.1952, CNC479948 (1♀, CNC), 8.viii.1952, CNC479925, CNC479926, CNC479949-479951 (2♂ 3♀, CNC), 9.viii.1952, CNC479924, CNC479952-479955 (1♂ 4♀, CNC), Acc. No. 71429,  “type” , "6/9 1889",  “Ipiüitat” ,  Sündbeck (1♂ 1♀, USNM, type No. 26953). England: Devon, Dawlish Warren, Pinus sylvestrus, 25.viii.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, sweeping, CNC391941-391971 (26♂ 5♀, CNC). Spain. Granada: N slope Veleta Sierra Nevada, 2400 m, 25.vii.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391872-391874 (3♀, CNC). USA. AK: Summit L., Isabella Pass, 3.viii.1951, Mason and McGillis, m-194, CNC391861 (1♀, CNC), Unalakleet, 18.vi.1961, R. Madge, CNC479959, CNC479960 (2♀, CNC), 19.vi.1961, R. Madge, CNC391854, CNC479956-479958, CNC479961 (2♂ 3♀, CNC), CA: Eldorado Co., Fallen Leaf, 3mi W, 1981 m, dry grassy meadow, 13.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC479947 (1♀, CNC), Helendale, 18.v.1955, W.R. Richards, CNC479970 (1♂, CNC), Thousand Palms, 25.iii.1955, W.R.M. Mason, CNC479971 (1♂, CNC), CO: Hoosier Pass, 3657 m, 8.viii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391860 (1♀, CNC), Jackson Co., Rabbit Ears Pass, 7.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391852 (1♂, CNC), Mt. Evans, 4267 m, 25.vii.1961, B.H. Poole, CNC391839, CNC391855, CNC391856 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), J.G. Chillcott, CNC391838 (1♂, CNC), 1319 m, 8.viii.1973, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479946 (1♀, CNC), Nederland, 2590 m, marshy stream margin, 2.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391857 (1♀, CNC), Niwot Ridge, nr. Ward, 3444 m, 28.vi.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC391858, CNC391859 (2♀, CNC), 3505 m, on tundra, 4.vii.1961, C.H. Mann, CNC391851 (1♂, CNC), Mt. Evans, 14,000', 25.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott (1♀, USNM), GA: Rabun Bald, Rabun, alt. 4200', 16.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott (1♀, USNM), ID: Moscow, 3.vii.1912, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), Michigan City, 29.vi.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Lafayette, 10.vi.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), IL: Champaign, ex elm leaves, 25.v.1957, J.F. McAlpine, CNC479945 (1♀, CNC), KY: Lexington, 2.xi.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), MD: Montgomery Co., Bethseda, G. Steyskal, 7.vii.1970 (1♂, USNM), 20.vii.1967 (1♀, USNM), Forest Glen, 25.vi.1967, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), Colesville, 14.vi.1975, malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂ 2♀, USNM), MO: 2mi W St. Louis, 30.iv.1904 (1♀, USNM), NC: Gr. Smoky Mt. Nat. Pk.,  Clingman’s Dome, 1920-2024 m, 20.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391849, CNC391863-391868 (1♂ 6♀, CNC), Highlands, Whiteside Mt., 1493 m, 1.vii.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391869 (1♀, CNC), Macon Co., Wayah Bald, 1615 m, 14.vii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391862 (1♀, CNC), Pisgah Nat. Forest, Chestnut Bald, 1798 m, 2.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391850 (1♂, CNC), NY: L.I., Riverhead, Veg. Res. Farm, at light, 7-20.viii.1938, CNC391882 (1♂, CNC), OH: Ashtabula Co., Geneva S.P., Lake Erie, 41°51.5'N, 80°58.2'W, 16.vi.1976, P. Brooks (1♀, USNM), PA: Centre Co., Fillmore Gap, 17.v.1983, A.L. Norrbom (1♀, USNM), SD: Elk Point, C.N. Ainslie, 5.vii.1915 (1♂ 2♀, USNM), CNC391891 (1♀, CNC), TN: Gr. Smoky Mt. Nat. Pk., Indian Gap, 1584 m, 20.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391848 (1♂, CNC), VA: Northampton Co., Kiptopeke, 4-6.x.1986, W.E. Steiner et al., Malaise trap, dunes between cliff and beach (1♀, USNM), Shenandoah Co., Mt. Jackson, 25.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391871 (1♀, CNC), WA: Pullman, 25.vi.1916, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), WY: Sierra Madre Range, Battle L. Road, 2438 m, on side of stream, 18.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC479962, CNC479921 (2♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza arctica is a widespread species with diverse colouration belonging to a lineage characterised by proclinate orbital setulae, a minutely setulose eye, and usually an apically brown halter and at most one small tubercle-like seta on the posterodistal corner of the epandrium. This basal offshoot also includes the Delmarva species  P. pilosella . Many other species are highly similar in size and colouration, however, including  P. imperfecta (Malloch) (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 979-982), which also has a faded medial yellow stripe on the scutellum (usually entirely brown-grey in  P. arctica ), and dissections should be made in all uncertain cases. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E9282E775F42F31C55FA86805E38E789	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
D0ED27C7F0954409F3365722F70F537F.text	D0ED27C7F0954409F3365722F70F537F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytoliriomyza dorsata (Siebke 1864)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytoliriomyza dorsata (Siebke)</p>
            <p>Figs 699-704</p>
            <p> Agromyza dorsata Siebke, 1864: 169. </p>
            <p> Agromyza reverberata Malloch, 1924: 191. Spencer 1969 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza striata Hendel, 1931: 249. Spencer 1972 [synonymy?]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza reverberata . Frick, 1952a: 375, 1959: 409. </p>
            <p> Lemurimyza dorsata . Spencer, 1965b: 28, 1969: 194. </p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza dorsata . Spencer, 1976: 294; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 158;  Černý et al. 2020: 214. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.1-2.5 mm (♂), 1.9-2.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-1.5. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.9-5.0. Eye bare. First flagellomere slightly longer than high, rounded, long axis slightly angled ventrally. Vein r-m near midpoint of cell dm.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori; two ors. Orbital setulae erect, in a single row. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae in two long rows, relatively long, posterior pair slightly to distinctly convergent.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light yellow with first flagellomere dark brownish black, back of head brown above foramen excluding margin, ocellar tubercle yellow to light brown medially with brown margins or extensions to ocelli; face, gena, parafacial and postgena whitish. Thorax with greyish pruinosity distinct on pigmented regions. Scutum yellow with dark medial stripe on anterior 2/3, one pair of presutural spots, and two pairs of postsutural stripes, with outer supra-alar pair small, narrow, and more posterior, and inner intra-alar pair sometimes connected to presutural spot (only fused to postsutural intra-alar stripe in one Ontario female). Scutellum yellow with lateral corner sometimes narrowly brownish grey. Mediotergite dark brown; katatergite and anatergite yellow with venter sometimes narrowly brown. Pleuron yellow, anatergite sometimes with minute, faint anteroventral spot, meron mostly brown, and katepisternum with brown spot not reaching base of seta. Halter entirely white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs light yellow, sometimes with tarsi and tibiae faintly brownish. Abdomen yellow, sometimes with faint dorsomedial stripe and epandrium brownish.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 699-704) Inner surface of epandrium with comb of long, fused tubercle-like setae beside one longer spine; ventral margin with minute tubercle-like setae, widely spaced in straight to irregular row. Surstylus small and rounded with one to three tubercle-like setae posteriorly. Subepandrial sclerite consisting of V-shaped sclerite with one pair of medial setae and flat, pale, ventral bilobed process. Hypandrium thin with one seta and lobe sclerotised only along outer margin. Postgonite bare and broadly rounded apically. Basiphallus with narrow plate on left side (broad apically) and lightly sclerotised anterodorsal margin. Paraphallus absent. Hypophallus broad and membranous with one pair of small, converging sclerites medially and lateral margin very lightly sclerotised. Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus. Distiphallus comprised of one pair of stout, elongate tubules that are parallel basally; basal 1/2 composed of dark bulbous sclerite and weaker medial region that is nearly band-like; distal 1/2 cylindrical, pigmented. Ejaculatory apodeme pale and fan-shaped with narrow stalk, broad base, and clear sperm pump.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: BC*, MB*, NT*, ON, QC*, YT*. USA: CA, LA, MD, MI, PA, VA, WY*. Europe, Russia, Iran, Japan (  Černý et al. 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype [dorsata]: Norway. Opland: Jerkin (1♂, ZMUN). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Liriomyza striata ]: Romania. Mehadia.; Austria. "Ossiacher-See und Dobratsch, Karnten  … Donau-Auen bei Wien"; Russia. Leningrader Bezirk (7♂♀, NMW). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Holotype [reverberata]: USA. MD: Glen Echo, 14.v.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♀, [Lost]).</p>
            <p>Paratype [reverberata]: USA. MD: same collection as holotype (1♀, CNC). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. BC:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -112.26667/lat 59.566666)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-112.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.566666">Kinbasket Lake</a>
                 , 17-18.vii.2009,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -112.26667/lat 59.566666)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-112.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.566666">Cooper Beauchesne</a>
                 and Assoc. Ltd., Malaise trap, BC Hydro drawdown study (12MTRT15), CNC479993 (1♀, CNC), MB:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -112.26667/lat 59.566666)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-112.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.566666">Shilo</a>
                 , 5mi SW, tamarack, 2.viii.1958, J.G. Chillcott, CNC479997 (1♀, CNC), Western MB,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -112.26667/lat 59.566666)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-112.26667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.566666">Riding Mountain Nat. Park</a>
                 , Clear Spring spruce bog, 50°41'N, 99°48'W, 650 m, 10.vii.2008, J. Crossey, N. Jeffery, J. Straka, CNC391899, CNC391900 (2♂, CNC), NT: Norman Wells, 25.vi.1969, G.E. Shewell, CNC479991 (1♂, CNC), Wood Buffalo National Park, Benchmark weather station, 59°34'N, 112°16'W, 219 m, aspen stand, 27.vii.2012, N. Labine, CNC391901 (1♀, CNC), ON: Ottawa,  Dow’s Swamp, 5.vii.1947, CNC391902 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 17.vi.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC391903 (1♀, CNC), 18.vi.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC479999, CNC480000 (2♀, CNC), damp second growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 5.vii.2000, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479998 (1♀, CNC), QC: Cap Rouge, 4.vii.1953, R. Lambert, CNC479994 (1♀, CNC), Old Chelsea, 18.vii.1961, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479995 (1♀, CNC), 30.vi.1985, CNC479996 (1♀, CNC), YT: Dawson, 14 mi E, 396 m, 31.vii.1962, P.J. Skitsko, CNC479992 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. LA:  Alexandria , 11 mi SW, 26.iii.1960, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391904 (1♀, CNC), VA: Giles Co., Stony Creek, 609 m, 26.v.1963, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391905 (1♀, CNC), Shenandoah, vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), WY: Sierra Madre Range, Battle L. Road, 2438 m, on side of stream, 18.vii.1961, J.G. Chillcott, CNC479990 (1♂, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza dorsata is distinct among the known Delmarva species, but it is highly similar to  P. pacifica (Melander) (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: figs 1006, 1007), which occurs from Ontario to Saskatchewan in Canada, and Washington and Idaho in the United states, but is likely more widespread. Externally,  P. pacifica differs in having the scutal stripes confluent, or at least connected by a brownish orange infuscation (not with medial and postsutural supra-alar stripes discrete), the anepisternum has an anteroventral spot that is longer than high (not absent to minute), the tibiae and tarsi are brown, at least on the hind leg (not yellow to faintly brownish). With regard to the male genitalia, the ventral margin of the epandrium has one or two minute tubercle-like setae (not several widely spaced in a straight to irregular row), the surstylus has one spine (one to three in  P. dorsata ), and the distiphallus is diverging basally and with a dark basal section that is relatively long and narrow (not parallel with dark basal section shorter and rounded). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0ED27C7F0954409F3365722F70F537F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
C16BBDDCB35E76AA675C3EFA5E8EA639.text	C16BBDDCB35E76AA675C3EFA5E8EA639.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytoliriomyza Hendel 1931	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytoliriomyza Hendel</p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza Hendel, 1931: 203 [as subgenus of  Liriomyza ]. Type species:  Agromyza perpusilla Meigen 1830: 181, by monotypy. Frick 1952a: 410, 1959: 413; Spencer 1969: 201; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 151. </p>
            <p> Xyraeomyia Frick, 1952a: 412. Type species:  Xyraeomyia conjuctimontis Frick 1952a: 413, by original designation. Spencer 1965 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Pteridomyza Nowakowski, 1962: 97. Type species:  Agromyza hilarella Zetterstedt 1848: 2776, by original designation. von Tschirnhaus 1971 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Lemurimyza Spencer, 1965b: 26. Type species:  Liriomyza enormis Spencer 1963c: 114, by original designation. von Tschirnhaus 1971 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Nesomyza Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 190. Type species:  Nesomyza fusculoides Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 190, by original designation. Spencer 1973b [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Six species of  Phytoliriomyza are recognised in the Delmarva states. Many are small and pale with a grey pruinosity that is visible on the darker sclerites, or are larger with a black first flagellomere, but  P. melampyga is predominantly yellow and will be easily confused for some  Liriomyza . The genus is very heterogenous and likely not monophyletic, but much additional study is required before the component lineages can be confidently divided and treated as separate entities. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C16BBDDCB35E76AA675C3EFA5E8EA639	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
74EA50825379F991AEF8DACDBC4A877E.text	74EA50825379F991AEF8DACDBC4A877E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytoliriomyza melampyga (Loew 1869)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytoliriomyza melampyga (Loew)</p>
            <p>Figs 129, 705-710</p>
            <p> Agromyza melampyga Loew, 1869: 48. </p>
            <p> Agromyza impatientis Brischke, 1881: 245. Spencer 1969 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza impatientis . Hendel, 1931: 225. </p>
            <p> Liriomyza melampyga . Frick, 1952a: 404, 1957: 203 [lectotype designation]; Spencer 1969: 178; Shewell 1953: 467. </p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza melampyga . von Tschirnhaus, 1971: 562; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 157;  Černý 2018: 131; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87;  Černý et al. 2020: 200. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 129). Wing length 2.1-2.4 mm (♂), 2.0-2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.3. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.7-4.3. Eye bare. Vein r-m at midpoint of cell dm or beyond.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two to three ori; two ors. Orbital setulae reclinate and well-developed, in one row. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed, longer than ors. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae in four irregular rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light yellow with ocellar tubercle light brown to yellow and back of head brown above foramen excluding margins. Thorax mostly light yellow with light greyish pruinosity evident on pigmented sections; scutum with medial stripe on anterior 2/3 that is sometimes confluent with one pair of lateral presutural spots; postsuturally with one very narrow pair of floating supra-alar stripes posteriorly and one pair of wider intra-alar stripes that taper posteriorly and sometimes fuse to presutural spot; pattern sometimes enlarged with stripes extensively fused, encompassing all but lateral and posterior margins of scutum. Scutellum yellow, sometimes with lateral corner brownish. Metanotum yellow with mediotergite dark brown and anatergite and katatergite variably brown posteroventrally. Pleuron yellow with meron brown excluding dorsum, and katepisternum with large brown spot that does not reach base of seta. Halter entirely white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs yellow with tibiae dark yellow to brownish. Abdomen light yellow with at least sides of epandrium brown; sometimes with faint paired brownish spots on pregenital tergites.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 705-710) Epandrium with broad anterior emargination basal to fused surstylus; posteromedial margin with comb of long tubercle-like setae. Surstylus subquadrate, only slightly converging and with posteromedial margin with comb of long tubercle-like setae; outer surface bare, inner surface setose. Subepandrial sclerite bare and subrectangular with centre paler and corners produced; ventrally with one pair of dark narrow arms and shallow rounded medial process. Hypandrium bare, long, and thin with only margin of lobe sclerotised. Postgonite rounded and cleft apically. Basiphallus consisting of single dark elongate rod on left side, Mesophallus cylindrical, widest at base, which is 1/2 length. Distiphallus made up of one pair of stout, clear, elongate tubules that are laterally pigmented subbasally. Ejaculatory apodeme small and dark with base stout and blade highly reduced; sperm pump clear.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: AB*, NB*, NS*, ON, PE*, QC*, SK*. USA: DC, MA, MD, MI, NC*, NJ, NM*, NY, PA*, VA*, MN, WI. Europe, India, Kazakhstan, Russia, South Korea (  Černý et al. 2020). </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Balsaminaceae -  Impatiens . </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype [melampyga]: USA. DC [not given]: "Loew coll.; melampyga m." (1♀, MCZ). [Not examined]</p>
            <p> Syntype [impatientis]: Poland. Gdansk (as  “Oliva” ) [type information unknown]. [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. AB: Elk Island NP, Wood Bison Trail, 53°34'N, 112°50'W, 722 m, aspen forest, 2.vii.2012, BIOBus, CNC391917 (1♂, CNC), NB: Shediac, 8.vii.1967, N.L.H. Krauss (♂, USNM), NS: CBHNt. Pk.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">Beulach Ban Falls</a>
                 , along fast rocky stream, 11.vii.1983, J.R. Vockeroth, sweeping, PG812870, CNC479986 (1♂, CNC), ON: Cyrville Road, 2mi E Ottawa, 31.v.1965, B.V. Peterson, CNC479985 (1♀, CNC), Elizabethtown, 4452  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">Rowsome Rd.</a>
                 , 44°37'N, 76°16'W, 120 m, 2.vi.2010, James Sones, CNC391918 (1♂, CNC), 4.vi.2010, CNC391919 (1♀, CNC), Grand Bend, 14.vii.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC391929 (1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">Ottawa</a>
                 , Black Rapids, 28.vi.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479983 (1♂, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">Ottawa</a>
                 ,  Dow’s Swamp, 5.vii.1947, W.R.M. Mason, CNC391930, CNC391926 (1♂ 1♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">Ottawa</a>
                 , 20.vii.1963, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391908 (1♀, CNC), 28.vi.1953, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC391909-391914 (4♂ 2♀, CNC), 27.vii.1946, A.R. Brooks, CNC391931 (1♀, CNC), 8.viii.1946, G.E. Shewell, CNC391932, CNC479984 (2♀, CNC), Puslinch,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">Property of Bob Hanner</a>
                 , 43°27'N, 80°15'W, 335 m, hardwood forest, 18.ix.2008, T. Terzin, CNC391924 (1♂, CNC), 21.viii.2008, CNC391920 (1♀, CNC), 28.viii.2008, CNC391922 (1♀, CNC), 3.viii.2008, CNC391921, CNC391923, CNC391925 (1♂ 2♀, CNC),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park</a>
                 , Thwartway Is., 13.vii.1976, H.J. Teskey, Code - 4073Q, CNC391927 (1♂, CNC), PE: Charlottetown, vii.1967, N.L.H. Krauss (1♂, USNM), QC: Abbotsford, 18.v.1936, Shewell, CNC391928 (1♀, CNC), Beech Grove, 7.vi.1955, J.F. McAlpine, CNC479982 (1♀, CNC), Gatineau Hills, in park,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -106.28333/lat 53.983334)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-106.28333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=53.983334">King Mt.</a>
                 footpath, 30.vii.1959, L.K. Smith, CNC391906 (1♂, CNC), Old Chelsea, 11.viii.1959, C.H. Mann, CNC479980 (1♂, CNC), 25.vi.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC391907 (1♀, CNC), Rigaud, 11.vi.1981, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479981 (1♂, CNC), SK: Prince Albert NP, Narrow Penninsula Trail, 53°59'N, 106°17'W, 530 m, white spruce and poplar forest, 14.vii.2012, BIOBus, CNC391916 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. MA: Bedford, 20.vii.1961, swamp, W.W. Wirth (3♂ 2♀, USNM), Woods Hole,  “7-15-2” , A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), MD: Plummers Isl., 30.v.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), Glen Echo, 9.vii.1922, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM), Montgomery Co., Bethseda, G.C. Steyskal, 29.vii.1972 (1♂, USNM), 23.v.1970 (2♂, USNM), 17.v.1969 (1♂, USNM), 4.vii.1977 (1♂, USNM),  Dickerton , 14.vii.1974, G.A. Foster (2♂ 1♀, USNM),  Sometset Co. ,  Snow Hill , 16.vii.1968, swamp margin, W.W. Wirth (2♂ 1♀, USNM), MI:  Clinton Co. ,  Rose Lake , 24.v.1941, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), NC:  
Gr. Smoky 
Mt. Nat. Pk. ,  Clingman's
Dome
 , 1920-2024 m, 18.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479987 (1♂, CNC),  
Gr. Smoky 
Mt. Nat. Pk. ,  Indian Gap , 1584 m, 2.vii.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479988 (1♀, CNC),  Mt. Mitchell , 2072 m, 12.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC479989 (1♀, CNC), NM:  Cloudcroft , 9000', June, W. Knaus (1♂, USNM), NY: New York, 28.ix.1921, A.H. Sturtevant (1♂, USNM),  Long Island ,  Cow Neck , 24.v.1963, spring seep, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM),  Erie Co. , E Concord Bog, 1.vi.1963, maple swamp, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), PA:  Chester Co. ,  Oxford , 127  West Locust , 29.ix.1998, Malaise trap, RLS, 26-iix, 6-ix (1♂, USNM), VA:  Shenandoah ,  Big Meadows , 15.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (3♂, USNM),  Fairfax Co. , Dead Run, R.C. Shannon, 19.vi.1915 (1♂, USNM), 28.vii.1915 (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza melampyga is a distinct bright yellow species that is encountered with relative frequency around  Impatiens .  Liriomyza blechi is similar in external appearance, but the pregenital abdomen is brownish dorsally, not entirely yellow or with faint spots. Also similar is the Canadian  P. viciae (Spencer) (Spencer 1969: figs 346, 347), which has a darker phallus that is more stongly arched and with a single elongate black basal section (not two smaller, paler sections), and only a few single spines on the epandrium; externally, tergites 1 and 2 are mostly brown in the male and some females, ground colour is yellow, not yellow to whitish yellow, the orbital setulae are indistinct, and most diagnostically, there are two rows of acrostichal setulae (not four). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/74EA50825379F991AEF8DACDBC4A877E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5BCAC7BD51C69CF38AAF5549F55B4AEC.text	5BCAC7BD51C69CF38AAF5549F55B4AEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytoliriomyza pilosella Spencer 1973	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytoliriomyza pilosella Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 711-715</p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza pilosella Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 116. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 153. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.5 mm (♂), 1.3-1.6 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.8-2.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.8-10.5. Eye minutely setulose dorsally. Vein r-m near basal 1/3 of cell dm. Frons soft medially.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed, but not much longer than ocellar tubercle. Orbital setulae proclinate, in one row. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly with anterior two pairs considerably thinner and smaller, being &lt;1/2 length of first dorsocentral. Several acrostichal setulae in two rows anteriorly that are often reduced to absent. Hairs on first flagellomere slightly longer than, or as long as arista base.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Frons brownish with tubercle brown; face, gena and parafacial light yellow; male first flagellomere lightly infuscated posteriorly; female first flagellomere and pedicel light brown, sometimes yellowish ventrally or basally. Notum brown with grey pruinosity, anterolateral margin of scutum yellow, and anatergite below scutellum darker; postpronotum and notopleuron yellowish; yellowish postsutural supra-alar stripe sometimes visible. Pleuron yellow with most of katepisternum and meron brown, remainder with limited, narrow spots sometimes visible, including anteroventrally and sometimes anteriorly on anepisternum. Apical surface of halter light brown. Calypter margin and hairs faintly brownish. Legs yellow with base of fore coxa light brown, tibiae brownish distally and tarsi brownish with distal segments darker; dorsal brown mottling faint apically on mid and hind femora, more developed subapically and apically on fore femur, pigment pronounced in [dissected] Ontario male and Californian specimens. Abdomen light brown, paler laterally and apically, epandrium yellow, oviscape brown to yellow with partial brown markings.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 711-715) Epandrium rounded apically and with one tubercle-like seta on inner-distal margin. Surstylus narrow, curved, emerging from anterior margin of epandrium, with several apical setulae. Subepandrial sclerite H-shaped with lateral margins bowed. Hypandrium thin with lobe broad and bare. Postgonite narrowly rounded and cleft apically. Basiphallus sclerotised on dorsal margin. Paraphallus and hypophallus absent. Mesophallus not evident. Distiphallus composed of one pair of extremely elongate, narrow, clear tubules with base dark and slightly swollen. Ejaculatory apodeme stout, pale and fan-shaped with stem very short; sperm pump with lightly sclerotised band.</p>
            <p>Variation: Specimens from California with brownish palpus, specimens from Florida and Costa Rica with dark brown palpus. Florida specimen with narrow, distinct yellow postsutural intra-alar line and complete dorsocentral line; with enlarged setula in front of anterior dorsocentral; setulae on eye virtually absent.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Cotula (Spencer 1990). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON*. USA: CA*, FL, KY*, MD*, MS*, VA*. Costa Rica. Puerto Rico. Spain (Canary Islands).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Puerto Rico: El Yunque, 20-22.iii.1954, J. Maldonado and S. Medina (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>Costa Rica. San Jose: La Caja, 8 km W, 1930, Schmidt, CNC481318 (1♀, CNC). Puerto Rico. El Yunque, 20-22.iii.1954, J. Maldonado Capriles (1♀, USNM). USA. FL: Dade Co., Farm near Royal Palm Hammock, 4.xii.1961, Munroe, Holland and Chillcott, CNC481317 (1♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -80.2512/lat 43.4464)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-80.2512&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.4464">Puslinch</a>
                 , Property of Bob Hanner, 43°26'47.04"N, 80°15'4.32"W, hardwood forest, 3.viii.2008, T. Terzin, CNC481319 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CA: Marin Co., Alpine Lk.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.778336/lat 33.286667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.778336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.286667">Lily Pond</a>
                 , 457 m, 17-25.v.1971, Malaise trap, CNC481320, CNC481321 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), iv-v.1970, D.D. Munroe, CNC481323-481325 (3♀, CNC), v-vi.1970, CNC481322 (1♀, CNC), KY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.778336/lat 33.286667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.778336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.286667">Lexington</a>
                 , 2.xi.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♂, USNM), MD:  “ChespkBch” “viii-2” , J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), MS:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.778336/lat 33.286667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.778336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.286667">Noxubee National Wildlife Refuge</a>
                 , near  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -88.778336/lat 33.286667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-88.778336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=33.286667">Bluff Lake</a>
                 , River Road, 33°17'12"N, 88°46'42"W, 65 m, 18-19.v.2013, J.E.  O’Hara , Malaise trap, CNC758941 (1♀, CNC), VA: Falls Church, Holmes Run, 13.ix.1960, light trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza pilosella is a small, delicate species most readily diagnosed by longer hairs on the first flagellomere and a long, clear coiled tubular distiphallus. The new material listed here represents a significant Nearctic range extension for this species since it was only otherwise known as far north as the southern tip of Florida. </p>
            <p> Spencer (1990) recommended additional study of this species in comparison to  Phytoliriomyza scotica Spencer, which may be conspecific. Re-evaluation of the boundaries of this species is also recommended here, due to variation in palpus and antenna colour, but also chaetotaxy. The long-haired first flagellomere is also seen in  P. minutissima Spencer, but this differs in having a medially yellow scutellum. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5BCAC7BD51C69CF38AAF5549F55B4AEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
B2A39645514D6067E34795268262B005.text	B2A39645514D6067E34795268262B005.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytoliriomyza pulchella Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytoliriomyza pulchella Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 717-722</p>
            <p> Phytobia (Praspedomyza) clara (Melander). Misidentification, in part. Frick 1959: 394. </p>
            <p> Pteridomyza hilarella . Misidentification, in part. Spencer 1969: 200 (synonymy of  Pteridomyza clara ). </p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza clara (Melander). Misidentification, in part. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 159. </p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza pulchella Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 304. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.5-1.6 mm (♂), 1.8-1.9 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.2-2.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.9-2.7. Eye bare. Vein r-m near distal 1/3 of cell dm. Frons soft medially.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori with anterior seta reduced to (rarely) absent; two ors. Orbital setulae minute, erect to reclinate, sometimes indistinct, in one row. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed, not much longer than tubercle. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae in four sparse rows. Setae sometimes appearing slightly to very conspicuously thin.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark with orbital setulae, vibrissa and genal and subgenal setae yellow in male, yellow to brownish or brown in female. Head mostly light yellow, whitish below antenna; ocellar tubercle and posterolateral margin of frons (including base of vertical setae) brown with faint stripe sometimes extending to base of posterior fronto-orbital; back of head brown above foramen; female first flagellomere with orange to brownish tint that fades at base. Notum dark brown, covered with short, relatively dense greyish pruinosity; lateral margin of scutum with yellow stripe that is narrower postsuturally, and with brown spot on notopleuron (minute) and postpronotum. Metanotum brown with most of katatergite yellow anteriorly. Pleuron light yellow with most of katepisternum (not reaching base of seta) and meron brown. Halter entirely white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs light yellow with tarsi darker apically. Abdominal tergites brown with lateral margin yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 717-722) Epandrium with irregular row of long tubercle-like setae along posterior margin. Surstylus small and rounded with comb of long tubercle-like setae on inner surface of posterior margin; longer, pointed tubercles on shallow inner-basal process. Subepandrial sclerite U-shaped with one pair of medial setae, irregular lateral sclerotisations and one pair of thin ventral lobes. Hypandrium thin and narrowly arched, with several setae on long inner lobe. Basiphallus dark, not much longer than wide, positioned distally, separate from phallophorus. Mesophallus not evident. Hypophallus long and dark with membranous apex. Distiphallus a single pale tubule along most of length with base dark and heavily sclerotised ventrally; apex bifid, with tubules narrower and strongly divergent. Ejaculatory apodeme large and well-sclerotised stem short and base wide to one side; sperm pump clear.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Unknown - possibly the bracken fern  Pteridium aquilinum (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b), upon which its putative sister species  Phytoliriomyza clara is found. Adults have been swept from ferns in Ontario. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NB*, NL*, NS*, ON, PE*, QC. USA: FL*, MD*, MI*, NH*, NY, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. NY: Long Island, Farmingdale, 2.vi.1935, Blanton and Borders (HT ♂, CUIC). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. NB: Kouchibouguac N.P. Forest, 46°50'N, 64°55'W, edge, 30.vii-8.viii.2013, O. Lonsdale, CNC316814 (1♀, CNC), NL:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -64.916664/lat 46.833332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-64.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.833332">
St. 
John's</a>
                 , Agric. Exp. Sta., 30.vii.1967, J.F. McAlpine, CNC391939 (1♂, CNC), NS: CBHNt. Pk.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -64.916664/lat 46.833332)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-64.916664&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.833332">Mackenzie Mt.</a>
                 , 13.vii.1984, PG640848, CNC479976-479979 (1♂, 3♀, CNC), ON: Griffith, 7mi east, 9.vii.1991, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC479975 (1♂, CNC), Simcoe, 14.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC391934-391936 (3♀, CNC), Bruce Co., Sauble Falls, ferns in clearing, 28.vii.1977, W. Maddison (2♂ 1♀, ROM), Simcoe, 14.vi.1939, G.E. Shewell, CNC391934-391936 (3♀, CNC), PE: Charlottetown, vii.1967, N.L.H. Krauss (2♀, USNM), QC: Cap Rouge, 7.vii.1953, R. Lambert, CNC391933 (1♂, CNC), Gatineau Pk., 13 km N of Eardley, 24.vi.1988, H.C. Walther, CNC479973, CNC479974 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), Lac Brule, 7.viii.1951, O. Peck, CNC391938 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. FL:  Mount Pleasant , 1.v.1952, O. Peck, CNC391937 (1♀, CNC), Orange Park, 25.iii.1952, O. Peck, CNC391940 (1♂, CNC), MD: Colesville, 4.vi.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), MI: Hunt Ck., Exp. Sta., nr. Lewiston, 20.vii.1942, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Cadillac, 15.vi.1941, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Hart, 19.vi.1939, C.W. Sabrosky (1?, USNM), Traverse City, 17.vi.1943, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), NH: White Mts., Stinson lake, 23.vii.1961, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), VA: Shenandoah, 14.vi.1982, H. Goulet, big meadows (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The similar species  Phytoliriomyza pulchella (North America),  P. clara (USA) and  P. hilarella (Europe) are rediagnosed below. Differences are still comparatively slight, and definitions should be reapproached when more numerous specimens from a broader geographic range are available. </p>
            <p> The geographical distribution of  Phytoliriomyza clara is uncertain, but at present there is no evidence that it occurs in the Delmarva states. Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) restate  Frick’s distribution of California, Washington, Michigan, Tennessee, Maine, and Ontario, and then add Maryland, New Mexico, and Arizona. Of the material examined by Frick, only the type series of  Agromyza citreiformis Malloch (=  P. clara ) from California can be found, as well as non-type material from Ontario, Michigan, and Maryland, which are here re-identified as  P. pulchella . The Ontario and Quebec specimens from the CNC examined by Spencer (1969) as  Pteridomyza hilarella are also here determined to be  P. pulchella . Oregon* is here added to the distribution of  P. clara - otherwise only confidently known from California and Washington. Data are as follows: USA. OR: Curry Co., Cape Blanco, 29.vi.1972, G. Steyskal (4♂, USNM). Locating the remaining specimens examined by Frick will be important in clarifying whether or not this species occurs further to the east. Females from New Brunswick (Kouchibouguac, 1♀, CNC), Nova Scotia (Cape Breton, Glasgow Lake, 2♀, CNC) and British Columbia (Pacific Rim N.P., 1♀, CNC) have a brown first flagellomere and appear to fit the new description of  P. clara provided here, but are only tentatively identified as they are mostly in poor condition and lack the additional diagnostic male genitalic features.  Melander’s holotype of  P. clara at the USNM is largely destroyed, currently represented by only a crumpled wing embedded in glue, part of a leg, and  Spencer’s genitalic dissection. </p>
            <p> All Canadian specimens of  Phytoliriomyza hilarella reported by Spencer (1969) are here determined to be  P. pulchella , restricting  P. hilarella to Europe.  Phytoliriomyza hilarella can be diagnosed as follows: setae dark brown with only orbital setulae sometimes brown; scutum sometimes without yellow lateral regions, being entirely brown; acrostichal setulae sometimes in two to three scattered rows; brownish stripe extending from posterior margin of frons along fronto-orbital plate to anterior ors, but sometimes to anterior or posterior ors along inner margin of fronto-orbital plate; distiphallus strongly sinuate with short apical curve (Spencer 1976: fig. 532). </p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza clara differs from  P. pulchella as follows: male wing length 1.8-2.0 mm; setae not thinner; always one ori (never two); oral setae dark brown (never yellow to brown); first flagellomere pale; hypophallus slightly longer, darker and apically split; phallus slightly longer, more curved and with light pigment on apical cup (Fig. 716). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B2A39645514D6067E34795268262B005	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
19826757F1ECC197B39D825B7212730B.text	19826757F1ECC197B39D825B7212730B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytoliriomyza robiniae (Valley)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytoliriomyza robiniae (Valley)</p>
            <p>Figs 723-726</p>
            <p> Liriomyza robiniae Valley, 1982: 781. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 108. </p>
            <p> Phytoliriomyza robiniae . Spencer 1990: 401; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88 (likely misidentification; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018). </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 1.6-1.8 mm (♂), 1.8-2.1 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.4-1.6. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.2-2.6. Eye bare. Arista short, as long as scape to first flagellomere. Fronto-orbital plate and parafacial produced, continuing as  “cheek” under eye. Veins R4+5 and M1 very closely spaced. Vein r-m at midpoint of cell dm. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three ori (sometimes only two on one side); two ors. Orbital setulae absent. Postocellar and ocellar setae well-developed. Three postsutural dorsocentrals shorter than scutellar setae, strongly decreasing in length anteriorly, with third dc barely larger than surrounding setulae. Acrostichal setulae in four irregular rows that narrow to two posteriorly.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head yellow with ocellar tubercle and spot between vertical setae brown (wider in male); clypeus dark brown (sometimes yellow medially); back of head dark brown with venter yellow; examined female with frons brownish with sides white pruinose and first flagellomere brownish posterodorsally; sometimes with spot at base of posterior one to three fronto-orbitals. Scutum dark brown with grey pruinosity, with postpronotum (excluding large spot), notopleuron, supra-alar region, and posterolateral spot yellow. Scutellum brown with ill-defined yellow medial stripe that widens apically. Metanotum dark brown with katatergite at least partially yellow anteriorly. Pleuron brown with dorsal margin of meron and dorsal margin of katepisternum (including base of seta) yellow; anepisternum and anepimeron mostly yellow in examined female, but almost entirely brown in holotype. Halter entirely white. Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Male legs yellow with dorsal mottling on femora, tibiae brown dorsomedially (indistinct on fore leg and pronounced on hind leg), and tarsi brown with basal three segments on fore leg and basal two on mid leg yellow; female with tibiae and tarsi brown. Male abdomen brown with lateral and posterior margins of tergites 1-6 yellow, and anterolateral region of tergite 1 yellow; female abdomen brown to midpoint of tergite 6 (remainder of segment yellow), yellow beyond with oviscape dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 723-726) Epandrium and surstylus simple, without spines or outstanding setae. Surstylus articulating with epandrium. Cercus small and weakly sclerotised, minutely setose. Subepandrial sclerite made of one pair of short, dark, widely separated lateral bars. Phallophorus cylindrical, relatively long, fused to atrophied and membranous phallus, which has one pair of narrow, weakly sclerotised basal bands, one pair of leaf-like extensions, and one short flagellate apical extension. Ejaculatory apodeme highly reduced, pale, and finger-like; sperm pump membranous.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Fabaceae -  Robinia pseudoacacia . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD*, PA. Records from NY, VA and WV are likely misidentifications (Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018).</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. PA: Dauphin Co., Harrisburg, 2301 N. Cameron Street, 22.iv.1981, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., [adult] taken on  Robinia pseudoacacia (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MD: Pr. Georges Co.,  Oxon Hill , 19.iv.1972, at black light, G.F. Hevel, "  Phytoliriomyza sp. 1 ♀ " (1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> This species was originally treated as  Liriomyza by Valley (1982) on the basis of stridulatory spicules on the abdominal membrane, but Spencer (1990) later moved the species to  Phytoliriomyza , being unable to locate the file or femoral scraper (their absence is verified here upon examination of the holotype, and while a number of spicules appear to be present, they are largely scattered along the anterior abdominal membrane, sometimes in short, ill-defined rows). Spencer also noted that the phallus does not appear to be consistent with those of  Liriomyza species, but this structure is atrophied to the point that it may have retained little phylogenetically relevant information. Other features of this unusual species are the presence of only three short dorsocentrals, a grey pruinose notum with a faded medial stripe on the scutellum and lateral yellow stripes on the scutum, a medially atrophied subepandrial sclerite and a bare surstylus with only several simple setae. </p>
            <p> When Spencer placed this unusual species in  Phytoliriomyza , he only did so tentatively, suggesting the possibility of erecting a new monotypic genus for the species. Support for this concept came later in the molecular phylogeny of Scheffer et al. (2007), where  P. robiniae was recovered far from the  Phytoliriomyza genus group, closer to  Amauromyza ,  Phytobia , and  Phytomyza , although basal support for many of these branches was weak. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/19826757F1ECC197B39D825B7212730B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
99E8F75B60BDE6F6685CA04CB2DF55F8.text	99E8F75B60BDE6F6685CA04CB2DF55F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza aesculi Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza aesculi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale</p>
            <p>Figs 727-731</p>
            <p> Phytomyza aesculi Eiseman &amp; Lonsdale, 2018: 66. Eiseman et al. 2021: 32 (females tentatively identified). </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(from Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018 and Eiseman et al. 2021). Wing length 1.9 mm (♂), 2.3-2.5 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.3-3.1. First flagellomere small, rounded. Arista pubescent. Cheek present, ~ 2/5 height of gena. Posterior ocelli slightly displaced. Vein dm-cu absent. Body pruinose.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior ori thin, setula-like to 2/5 length posterior ori, sometimes absent on one side); one ors. Ocellar and postvertical setae subequal to anterior ors. Four dorsocentral setae decreasing in length anteriorly with anterior two much shorter. Acrostichal setulae in three or four irregular to scattered rows that are clearly separated from dorsocentral rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae dark brown. Head mostly light yellow; very narrow brown margin around eye that is thickest ventromedially; antenna, back of head, clypeus, palpus and ventral line on gena dark brown; ocellar spot slightly larger than tubercle, dark brown to black, ovate, wider than long; posterolateral corner of frons dark brown to base of outer vertical seta, brown to light brown to base of inner vertical, sometimes with narrow dark line between base of setae; face with irregular brown colour with yellowish patches. Notum with light brown pruinosity that is denser and greyer on notum. Thorax dark brown with white lateral stripe narrowing posteriorly from postpronotum to supra-alar region (except for large dark spot on postpronotum), scutum with small whitish spot anterolateral to corner of scutellum, posterodorsal region of anatergite whitish, katatergite white with posteroventral region dark brown, meron dorsally white and anepimeron white with anterior 1/2 mostly brown. Wing veins whitish, paler to base. Calypter white. Haltere white. Legs dark brown with light yellow spot on femora apices as long as wide, base and apex of tibiae light yellow, and tarsi light yellow with brown tint and with apical tarsomere light brown; male and one female with mid tibia yellower and fore tibia mostly yellow. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 727 - 7 31) Surstylus fused to epandrium, small, internally setose. Epandrium with narrow flat plate along posterior margin. Hypandrium well-developed, rounded. Postgonite stout, strongly curved medially, with one medial seta. Phallophorus well-developed. Basiphallus composed of two narrow plates; right plate extending onto dorsum basally; left plate shorter with basal arm wrapping around shaft. Hypophallus divided into two narrow lateral sclerotised bars with lobate extension on anterior margin near base. Paraphallus dark but strongly reduced to one pair of small pointed anteroventral extensions arising from mesophallus. Mesophallus small, cylindrical, laterally bulging distally and tapered basally where it is as wide as duct, fused to distiphallus. Distiphallus divided into one pair of long, narrow tubules, as long as remainder of phallus combined, that are strongly divergent at base (initially perpendicular to long axis of phallus), and converging and slightly curved along most of length. Ejaculatory apodeme well-developed with especially broad blade and base; sperm pump with transverse sclerotised bar that is broadly thickened at lateral margins.</p>
            <p>Variation: Virginia females differ as follows: face darker, venter of lunule and region around antennal bases blackish, and apices of mid and hind femora dark.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Sapindaceae -  Aesculus glabra ; VA females from  A. flava , and leaf mines seen on A. pavia and  A. sylvatica . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: OH, VA[tentatively identified female]. Leaf mines from Canada (ON) and AL, AR, GA, IA, KS, MN, MO, NC, PA, SC, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. OH: Delaware Co., Sunbury, Monkey Hollow Rd., 6-11.v.2015, em. 9-12.iii.2016, J. A. Blyth, ex  Aesculus glabra , #CSE2239, CNC654467 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Paratypes: USA. OH: same collection as holotype, CNC654468-654469 (2♀, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. VA:  Radford , Wildwood Park, 3.v.2017, em. 8-11.iv.2018, N.V. Kent, ex  Aesculus flava , #CSE4400, CNC1135662-1135664 (3♀, CNC)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/99E8F75B60BDE6F6685CA04CB2DF55F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
5C60D808C830C09B2693416EEFE60EBC.text	5C60D808C830C09B2693416EEFE60EBC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza aldrichi Spencer 1986	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza aldrichi Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 732-734</p>
            <p> Phytomyza aldrichi Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 309; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 67. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.0-2.3 mm (♂), 2.5 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.1. Cheek short, but deep medially</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (posterior ori sometimes appearing as ors); one ors. Two irregular rows of acrostichal setulae, ending medially or near posterior dorsocentral. Very few intra-alar setulae anteriorly. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly. Smaller medial presutural supra-alar present.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Ocellar tubercle, back of head and palpus brown; clypeus brownish yellow to brown; posterior margin of frons dark brown lateral to base of outer vertical seta, and with faded spot behind base of inner vertical seta that may reach base of one or both verticals; first flagellomere and scape black; remainder of head light yellow (paler below antenna); base of fronto-orbitals sometimes with minute brown spot. Scutum dark brown with greyish pruinosity, with postpronotum, notopleuron and sometimes narrow to wide supra-alar region yellow, with small to large brownish medial spot on postpronotum. Scutellum brown with greyish pruinosity, excluding ill-defined yellow medial stripe that is constricted at midpoint; ON male with stripe nearly absent, most evident apically. Metanotum dark brown with katatergite at least partially yellow. Pleuron variable in colouration, darkest specimens being entirely dark brown with greyish pruinosity with dorsal margin of anepisternum narrowly yellow; paler specimens (ME male palest) with dorsum of katepisternum yellow (including base of seta in posterior mottled region), anepimeron mottled yellow, anepisternum yellowish brown with dorsal  ¼ yellow, and posteromedial margin and large anteroventral spot darker brown. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs variable in colouration, darkest specimens brown with knees broadly yellow; paler specimens with only base of coxae brown, tibiae paler, and sometimes femora with pale mottling. Abdomen dark brown. </p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 732-734) Hypandrium stout and broadly rounded, with inner lobes narrow, curved, joined medially and with two anterior setae. Postgonite dark, apically hooked, with one seta. Right 1/2 of basiphallus joined to dorsomedial margin of phallophorus; left side with ventrobasal process around shaft; rounded apically, nearly parallel-sided along length. Hypophallus membranous with one pair of flat, clavate laterobasal sclerites with outer margins subparallel. Mesophallus short, with narrow basal stem meeting duct; flanked by one pair of broad, rounded, flat paraphalli. Distiphallus with one pair of very narrow, dark, diverging tubules, subequal to length of mesophallus. Ejaculatory apodeme with stem short, with lateral subbasal swelling and blade broad with margins pointed.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Ranunculaceae -  Ranunculus . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NS*, ON*, QC*. USA: ID, MD*, ME, OH.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. ID: Moscow, J.M. Aldrich (1♂ [head missing], USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. NS:  Truro , 26.ix.1913, CNC480058 (1♂, CNC), ON: Marmora, 8.v.1952, J.C. Mitchell, CNC480059 (1♂, CNC), QC: Old Chelsea, 11.vi.1959, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480057 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. MD: Montgomery Co., Colesville, 26.vi.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), ME: Washington Co., Perry, Birch Point, 15.vi.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Ranunculus repens em. 29.vi.2014, #CSE1141, CNC384880 (1♂, CNC), OH:  Hocking Co. ,  South Bloomingville , Deep Woods Farm, 6.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman,  Ranunculus recurvatus , em. 20.viii.2016, #CSE2927, CNC654479 (1♂, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p>Yellow shoulders and a medially yellow scutellum are diagnostic of this species, as is the short, dark, branched distiphallus and the broad, flat paraphallus.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C60D808C830C09B2693416EEFE60EBC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
3C2CDCAEB1133FE9333B5B855F716619.text	3C2CDCAEB1133FE9333B5B855F716619.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza aquilegiana Frost 1930	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza aquilegiana Frost</p>
            <p>Figs 735-740</p>
            <p> Phytomyza aquilegiae Hardy. Misidentification, in part. Melander 1913: 271. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza bipunctata Loew. Misidentification, in part. Melander 1913: 271. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza plumiseta Frost. Misidentification, in part (specimens on  Aquilegia ). Frost 1930: 459. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza aquilegiana Frost, 1930: 459. Frick 1959: 424; Spencer 1969: 227; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 192; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 68. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 2.2-2.8 mm (♂), 2.5-2.8 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.3-4.5. Hairs on first flagellomere slightly longer and bushier, but not comparable to other species such as  P. lactuca . Cheek narrow. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior ori slightly to strongly reduced in length); two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four scattered rows that may become more regular anteriorly; sometimes appearing as five rows. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head yellow with antenna black, and back of head and clypeus dark brown; palpus brownish to dark brown; posterolateral corner of frons to base of inner vertical seta dark brown, with spot sometimes faintly continuing narrowly along margin of eye to posterior ors; ocellar triangle dark brown, anterior corner rounded, slightly larger than tubercle, especially posterolaterally where corners bulge outwards to almost touch dark spot at base of vertical setae; face faintly brownish. Thorax dark brown with light dusting of brownish grey pruinosity (less so on pleuron); sometimes indistinct yellowish mottling on postpronotum and notopleuron along suture. Halter white. Calypter white with hairs brown. Legs dark brown with apex of femora yellow, tibiae yellowish to base and apex, and tarsi yellow with distal segments becoming darker. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 735-740) Hypandrium well-developed, thickest at apex, inner lobe with projecting medial spinulose membrane and several empty sockets. Postgonite broad and pointed apically with one seta and two sockets. Halves of basiphallus narrow, separate; left sclerite abruptly S-shaped at base, right sclerite with wide basal extension. Hypophallus with one pair of short, narrow converging sclerites. Paraphalli converging, small, with rounded irregular base and narrow apical process. Mesophallus tubular, lightly sclerotised, apically widened to join distiphallus; with small dorsobasal band across surface. Distiphallus divided into two dark, slightly twisted arms that are shorter than mesophallus. Ejaculatory apodeme as long as wide, with stem and base short and narrow, blade becoming clear to distal margin.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Ranunculaceae -  Aquilegia ,  Ranunculus (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, BC, MB, ON, YT. USA: MA, MD, NC, NY, PA, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. PA: Arendteville, 3.v.1928, S.W. Frost, blotch mine  A. vulgaris (1♂, USNM, type No. 50023). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p> USA. PA: Arendteville, S.W. Frost, blotch mine  A. canadensis (1♂, USNM), Arendtville, S.W. Frost, meadow rue (2♀, USNM), Arendteville, S.W. Frost, blotch mine,  Aq. vulgaris , 8.v.1928 (1♀, USNM), 2.v.1928 (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. MB:  Aweme , 1.v.1930, R.M. White, Columbine leaf miner CNC480062, CNC480060 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), ON: Ottawa, damp second growth  Acer -  Betula wood, 13.viii.1991, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480065 (1♂, CNC), 2.viii.1993, CNC480064 (1♂, CNC), 6.viii.1992, CNC480066 (1♂, CNC), 7.viii.2000, CNC480067 (1♂, CNC), St. Lawrence Is. Nat. Park, McDonald Is., 7.vii.1976, A. Carter, Code 4352-L, CNC480061 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CA: SL Obispo, I.J. Condit, 13.i.1912, bred from  Aquilegia (5♂ 2♀, USNM), 13.i.1912 (6♂ 2♀, USNM), Los Angeles Co., Westwood Hills, 19.x.1940, ex.  Columbina , R.M. Bohart (2♀, USNM), MA:  Hampshire Co. , Pelham, 88  Arnold Rd. , 31.v.2012, em. 25.v.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex blotch mine on  Aquilegia vulgaris (2♂ [with puparia] 1♀, CNC), MD:  Montgomery Co. , Colesville, W.W. Wirth, 21.v.1977 (1♂, USNM), 4.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), 1.v.1977 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), Malaise trap, Bethseda, 22.vii.1972, G.C. Steyskal (1♂, USNM), ME: bred, Bar Harbor, 8.viii.1938, A.E. Brower (1♂ 3♀, USNM), NC:  Durham Co. , Durham, Pelham Rd., 21.v.2015, T.S. Feldman,  Aquilegia , em. 6.vi.2015, #CSE1623, CNC564653-564656;CNC564657 (1♂ 4♀, CNC), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, A.L. Melander, 15.vi.1941 (1♂, USNM), 1.vii.1939 (1♀, USNM). Location unknown. miner  Aquilegia CNC480063 (6♂ / ♀ [same pin], CNC)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C2CDCAEB1133FE9333B5B855F716619	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
541F1339DDFC2B8D2F23EEDB2E3CE9E2.text	541F1339DDFC2B8D2F23EEDB2E3CE9E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza aquilegivora Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza aquilegivora Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 741-744</p>
            <p> Phytomyza aquilegivora Spencer, 1969: 229. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 198; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 68. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza aquilegiae Hardy. Misidentification. Cory 1916: 419. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.5-1.7 mm (♂), 1.7-2.0 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.4-3.8. Female first flagellomere large, rounded, 1/2 height of eye; male first flagellomere slightly larger than that of sibling species, as high or higher than long. Fronto-orbital plate well-sclerotised, shiny and clearly delimited, slightly widened, more evident posteriorly; soft medial portion of frons wider than long behind relatively broad, deep lunule.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Setae short and gracile, particularly on notum. One ori, sometimes with smaller anterior seta; one longer medial ors. Orbital setulae very few in number, slightly longer than average. Postocellar and ocellar setae nearly as long as, and slightly thinner than ori. Acrostichal setulae in two sparse rows or absent. Four dorsocentral setae, decreasing in length anteriorly.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head dirty yellow with tubercle, back of head, posterior region of postgena, clypeus, palpus, ventral margin of gena, fronto-orbital plate and ring around eye including parafacial and cheek dark brown; lunule usually brownish to brown, anteromedial region of frons sometimes browner; antenna dark brown with first flagellomere nearly black; face brown; gena usually brownish or distinctly brown. Thorax dark brown, subshiny. Halter white. Calypter margin brownish, hairs brown. Legs brown with apex of femora yellow for a distance sometimes greater than width of femur apex. Abdomen brown. Female slightly darker.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 741-744) Hypandrium broadly arched; inner lobe short and broad with three setae. Postgonite long, upcurved and cleft apically, with one seta. Halves of basiphallus relatively short, as long as enlarged hypophallus; crossing near base, strongly diverging apically to base of hypophallus. Mesophallus indistinct. Distiphallus narrow, tubular, lightly pigmented, apex swollen, angled dorsally, as long as basiphallus. Ejaculatory apodeme small, not much longer than wide, with much of sperm pump and base of duct pigmented.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Ranunculaceae -  Aquilegia . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, ON. USA: CA, CT, DC, DE*, IL, MA, MD*, NC, NY.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. ON: Pelee, em. 25.ix.1967, ex. leaf mine on  Aquilegia canadensis , leg. 15.vii.1967, K.A. Spencer (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON: Ancaster, 26.vi.1955, O. Peck, CNC480072 (1♀, CNC), Ottawa, Central Experimental Farm, 31.v.2013, O. Lonsdale, leaf mine  Aquilegia CNC454640-CNC454659 (10♂ 10♀, CNC),  Constance Bay , 31.v.2013, O. Lonsdale, leaf miner on  Aquilegia sp., CNC799378 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CT: Newhaven, 2.ix.1984, C398 (1♂, USNM), 29.ix.1894 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), DC: Washington, 14.v.1915, from columbine, R.L. Woglum (3♂ 8♀, USNM), DE: Newark, 15.vi.1979, R.M. Hendrickson, Jr., reared ex.  Aquilegia sp. (6♂ 4♀, USNM), IN: Lafayette, 28.ix.1916, Satterthwait coll., reared from leaf miner, Cage No. C 862b (1♂, USNM), MA: Hampshire Co., Pelham, 88  Arnold Rd. , 25.v.2012, em. 4.vii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex linear mine  Aquilegia vulgaris (1♂, CNC), MD:  Montgomery Co. , Bethseda, v.1972, ex. cwt  Aquilegia (9♂ 6♀ [with puparia and chalcidoid], USNM), "May 26", "Cory 1914, bred from columbine", "exp. No. [illegible] (1♂, USNM), NY: Ithaca, reared from columbine, S.W. Frost, Lot A-25, sub 5 (1?, USNM). Location Unknown. mine in  Aquilegia CNC480071 (7♂ / ♀, CNC), ILLR (1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Spencer (1969) suspected that  Frick’s (1959) eastern specimens of the Holarctic species  Phytomyza minuscula Goureau were actually  P. aquilegivora , thereby reducing  P. minuscula 's North American range to the western United States until Eiseman and Lonsdale (2018) recorded it from Vermont. The material examined by Frick (originally USNM, but noted as still being "on loan" from 4.i.1956) cannot be located to verify their identity.  Phytomyza minuscula differs from this species in having a medially brownish (not yellow) frons and an apically curved (not straight) distiphallus. The USNM specimen collected by Cory in 1914 appears to refer to the species discussed by Cory (1916) as P.  Phytomyza aquilegiae , which is here therefore considered a misidentification, at least in part; the state is not listed on the label, but derived from the publication. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/541F1339DDFC2B8D2F23EEDB2E3CE9E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4F4C2DA395C5030AC8FE3C3CCD50CA80.text	4F4C2DA395C5030AC8FE3C3CCD50CA80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza avicursa Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza avicursa sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 745-747</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.4 mm. Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.0. First flagellomere slightly enlarged and subrectangular, thick. Border of fronto-orbital plate not evident. Cheek distinct, deepest part of ring around eye, but anterior region of fronto-orbital plate also clearly visible laterally.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori on one side and one on the other; two ors. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in height anteriorly with anterior seta nearly 1/2 length of posterior seta. Acrostichal setulae in two irregular rows to level of second dorsocentral that sometimes appear as three rows. Very few scattered intra-alar setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light yellow with back of head, ocellar spot, posterolateral corner of frons (enclosing base of vertical setae), antenna, palpus and clypeus dark brown; ocellar spot small but relatively broad, subquadrate. Thorax dark brown with greyish pruinosity. Wing veins light brown to brown. Halter white. Calypter margin white with hairs light brown. Legs dark brown with apices of femora light yellow for length less than apical width of femora, more faded on mid and hind legs. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 745-747) Hypandrial lobe narrow and transverse, following inner margin of postgonite. Postgonite large, strongly hooked anteriorly, broadly flattened behind apex and with one outer seta. Phallophorus fused to T-shaped basiphallus. Hypophallus membranous and with two overlapping transverse lobes. Paraphalli made up of two flattened, widely spaced plates that are perpendicular to basiphallus. Mesophallus not evident. Distiphallus shorter than paraphallus, cylindrical, slightly compressed dorsoventrally, with base widened in ventral view and narrower in profile; apex clear, membranous, enclosing inner-ventral sclerotisation.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific name compounds the Latin for bird (avis) and run (cursus), referring to the type locality.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Fairfax Co., Turkey Run Park, 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, river, 14-17.v.2006, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> While unremarkable externally, the elongate, T-shaped, and unusual flat basiphallus and short distiphallus of  Phytomyza avicursa are highly unique and easily characterise this new species, which is currently known only from the holotype male. Also see comments for  P. winkleri . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F4C2DA395C5030AC8FE3C3CCD50CA80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4BEA88BBA4B6E14FEC678A45EC4AF73A.text	4BEA88BBA4B6E14FEC678A45EC4AF73A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza bicolor Coquillett 1902	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza bicolor Coquillett</p>
            <p>Figs 138, 748-750</p>
            <p> Phytomyza bicolor Coquillett, 1902: 191. Frick 1959: 426; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 203. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 138). Wing length 3.2-3.5 mm (♂), 3.4-3.8 (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-2.8. Eye relatively small and round; parafacial and fronto-orbital plate produced dorsally, visible laterally. Labellum relatively long and pointed. With faint brown pruinosity that is denser dorsally on head and thorax.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two to four ori; two ors (anterior seta inset). Ocellar and postocellar setae exceeding length of ors. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in height anteriorly. Up to six scattered rows of acrostichal setulae, strongly reduced in number posterior to second dorsocentral.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light brown to yellowish with palpus brown, ocellar tubercle, posterior margin of frons, lateral margin of frons (stripe barely touching base of fronto-orbitals, disappearing anteriorly), clypeus, venter of gena, face, first flagellomere, lunule (at least widely above antennal bases) and back of head dark brown; gena and frons sometimes browner. Thorax dark brown with postpronotum and notopleuron sometimes reddish. Calypter white with hairs dark brown. Halter white. Legs dark brown. Female abdomen yellow with oviscape dark brown and anterior margin of tergite 6 (and sometimes 4 and 5) brownish; male abdomen as described for female except tergite six, sternite 8 and epandrium brownish; sometimes abdomen brown past tergite 3 or anterior 1/2 of tergite 3 brown and tergites 1 and 2 brownish, but posterior margins of tergites 2-5 always yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 748-750) Inner lobe of hypandrium with separate, elongate medial process. Postgonite well-developed. Basiphallus halves narrow, flat, dorsal, left sclerite longer and fused to phallophorus. Hypophallus membranous. Paraphalli dark, narrow, converging to base of distiphallus; wider and paler basally. Mesophallus short, pigmented, slightly wider than duct, widening to distiphallus. Distiphallus made up of one pair of dark, very narrow tubules that diverge basally and are nearly parallel on distal 1/2. Ejaculatory apodeme very small with distal 1/2 of blade pale to clear; sperm pump with small, sclerotised patch.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - adult ON female photographed on  Caltha palustris (  Ranunculaceae ). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada. ON*. USA. CT*, IN, NY, TN*, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. NY: Niagra Falls, 23.vi (1♀, USNM, type No. 6663).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON:  Spring Creek , 10.vi.2007 [1♀, photo voucher by S.A. Marshall]  .   USA. CT:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Stanford</a>
                 , 18.v.1919, A.H. Sturtevant (2♂ 1♀, USNM), NY: Ithaca, 3.vi.1917, S.H. Emerson (1♂, USNM), Ithaca, 11.vi.1935, H.K. Townes (1♀, USNM), Remus Pt.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Chautauqua Lake</a>
                 , 31.v.1963, swampy woods, W.W. Wirth (2♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Allegany State Park</a>
                 , 28.v-3.v.1963, stream margin, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), TN: Sevier Co., Rte. 441, 3mi NW NC/TN border, Great Smokey Mtn. N.P., 35°38.3'N, 83°27.8'W, 4500', 27.v.1999, S.D. Gaimari (1♀, USNM), VA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Shenandoah</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Big Meadows</a>
                 , 15.vi.1941, A.L. Melander (3♂, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Fairfax Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , nr.  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Mouth of Turkey Run</a>
                 , 38°57.9'N, 7°09.4'W, Malaise trap, 18-30.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.1566668/lat 38.965)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.1566668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.965">Smyth Co.</a>
                 , Mt. Rodgers, 1432-1615 m, 1.v.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480074 (1♀, CNC)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The pale abdominal tergites of  Phytomyza bicolor are highly diagnostic, making this species easy to identify externally. The photo voucher included here (Fig. 138) is the first record of this species in Canada. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4BEA88BBA4B6E14FEC678A45EC4AF73A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7CB902B52BE6925AC8C69B7D2F66A3DD.text	7CB902B52BE6925AC8C69B7D2F66A3DD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza catenula Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza catenula sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 751-753</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.9 mm (♂). Female unknown. Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.7. First flagellomere ovate, slightly longer than high. Inner margin of fronto-orbital plate not evident, but slightly more sclerotised and raised at and lateral to base of fronto-orbitals. Cheek present.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori (anterior seta 2/3 length); two ors. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in height anteriorly, with anterior three pairs slightly thinner than posterior pair and more equal in length. Acrostichal setulae in four scattered rows. Intra-alar region with moderate presutural setulae and only two postsutural setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head brown with antenna, first flagellomere, posterior margin of frons, posterior 1/2 of fronto-orbital plate from second ors, back of head, clypeus, palpus and ventral margin of gena dark brown; anterior 1/2 of frons slightly darker; ocellar tubercle very dark, broadly triangular with rounded corners, not touching back of head, leaving postocellars on paler ground. Notum dark brown with moderate brownish silver pruinosity; notopleuron slightly paler. Wing veins brown. Halter white. Calypter margin yellow and hairs light brown. Legs dark brown with apices of femora yellowish.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 751-753) Hypandrium short and thick with broad haired membrane attached to small setose inner lobe. Postgonite emarginate on inner-distal margin and with one seta. Sclerites of basiphallus long and narrow with bases overlapping and interlocking. Sclerite of hypophallus small, pale, flat, separate, in line with basiphallus. Mesophallus and paraphallus not evident. Distiphallus narrow and flat, apically emarginate, dorsally angled and with dark V-shaped sclerotisation; sides with narrow flared lateral wing. Ejaculatory apodeme short, narrow and dark.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - likely  Caprifoliaceae . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: VA.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific epithet is Latin for "little chain", referring to this  species’ size and type locality. </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Chain Bridge, 14.v.1924, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Based on the structure of the male terminalia,  Phytomyza catenula can be placed within a lineage of morphologically similar  Caprifoliaceae -feeding  Phytomyza that was revised by Griffiths in 1974 (as  Chromatomyia ), with additional species described by Eiseman and Lonsdale (2018) and Eiseman et al. (2021). Within this group, the new species is similar in external and genitalic morphology to three western species that have the apex of the basiphallus exceeding the base of the distiphallus ("supporting sclerite complex" of Griffiths 1974):  P. caprifoliae Spencer (AB),  P. fricki (Griffiths) (CA, ID, WA, WY) and  P. linnaeae (Griffiths) (AB, YT, OR).  Phytomyza caprifoliae differs in having the distiphallus evenly thick along its length when viewed in profile, and in ventral view, the distiphallus is smooth laterally, more angulate posterolaterally and distally, and it has a narrower stem on a discrete Y-shaped sclerotisation; furthermore, the hypophallus sclerite is larger, longer, darker and better defined (Griffiths 1974: figs 26, 27). The latter two species are highly similar, and like the new species, have basal and subapical lobes on the distiphallus laterally, but both also have a better defined hypophallus, the distiphallus is slightly angled distally (not basally), the outline and medial pattern of sclerotisation on the distiphallus differs (Griffiths 1974: figs 29-32), and  P. fricki is slightly smaller. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7CB902B52BE6925AC8C69B7D2F66A3DD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
EEF75D662D9F3F148B36AC53F8CAA9EC.text	EEF75D662D9F3F148B36AC53F8CAA9EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza chelonei Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza chelonei Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 24, 25, 754-756</p>
            <p> Phytomyza chelonei Spencer, 1969: 234. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 312. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 3.1-3.5 mm (♂), 3.6 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.4-3.6. Fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting. Parafacial narrow; cheek distinct, at least as high as ventral region of gena.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in height anteriorly. Four to five sparse, scattered rows of acrostichal setulae that nearly reach posterior margin of scutum.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Head mostly pale yellow; antenna light brown to brown with first flagellomere dark brown; ocellar triangle not distinct, but brown to dark brown spot slightly larger than tubercle, bulging anterolaterally to sometimes form a rounded square; posterolateral margin of frons brown, spot reaching base of inner vertical seta and extending slightly anteriorly, but not reaching base of fronto-orbitals; clypeus dark yellow to dark brown; palpus light to dark brown; back of head dark brown. Thorax dark brown with dense grey pruinosity that is strongest dorsally; remainder of body with faint pruinosity evident on pigmented regions; similar whitish pruinosity along lateral margin of frons (as seen in some  Phytoliriomyza ). Halter white. Calypter entirely whitish yellow. Legs brown with bases of tibiae narrowly yellow and apices of femora yellow for length nearly equal to width of femur apex. Abdomen brown, sometimes with posterior margin of tergites yellow (holotype with most of first and second tergites yellow with wide brownish medial spot). </p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 754-756) Inner lobe of hypandrium with one seta and broadly membranous, with membrane spreading around inner margin of hypandrium. Postgonite long, broad and mostly flat with large outer lobe and folded inner layer. Basiphallus Y-shaped with short apical split and longer dorsomedial plate that is irregular to right side and better sclerotised along left. Paraphallus narrow, dark, and sinuate with small pigmented spot below base. Mesophallus shorter than paraphallus, clear, and laterally compressed, being only broader at rounded base (base tapered when viewed laterally). Distiphallus as high as mesophallus, appearing bifid ventrally but fused along length, and with narrow transverse pigmented band basally;  “halves” of distiphallus straight, as in HT, or V-shaped, as figured. Ejaculatory apodeme short, barely widened apically, and with stout base; sperm pump without ventral sclerotisation. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Plantaginaceae -  Chelone glabra . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada. QC. USA: IN, NC, TN.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. QC: Old Chelsea, em. 18.vii.1965, ex. fruit of  Chelone glabra , J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC, type No. 10435). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. QC:  Old Chelsea , 18.vii.1965, J.R. Vockeroth, ex fruit  Chelone glabra , CNC480075 (1 puparium [gel capsule], CNC)  .   USA. NC:  Mt. Mitchell , 6800', 12.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, USNM),  Mt. Mitchell , 2072 m, 12.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480076 (1♂, CNC), Highlands, 1158 m, 21.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480078 (1♀, CNC), TN: Great Smoky Mountains N.P., Indian Gap to  Clingman’s Dome, 5200-6600', 6.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott (1♂, USNM), Gr. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park, Indian Gap to  Clingman’s Dome, 1584-2011 m, 6.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480077 (1♂, CNC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The male terminalia of  Phytomyza chelonei are similar to those of  P. osmorhizae , in that the distiphallus is clear and membranous with a pigmented subapical band, but the terminalia are otherwise different, including the presence of a sclerotised hypophallus in the latter.  Phytomyza osmorhizae is also smaller (wing length 2.1-2.4 mm) and darker with fewer than four fronto-orbitals. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EEF75D662D9F3F148B36AC53F8CAA9EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
1B86658E64BB441BAA3DE49D40B1E3B8.text	1B86658E64BB441BAA3DE49D40B1E3B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza clematiphaga Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza clematiphaga Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 760-762</p>
            <p> Phytomyza clematiphaga Spencer, 1969: 236. Sehgal 1971 b: 361; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 176; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 69. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.0-2.4 mm (♂), 2.4-2.5 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.3-3.6. First flagellomere relatively large, broad and longer than high, with shape subcircular to more subrectangular; length at most 1/3 more than height; hairs on most of segment elongate and sometimes bushy (more so towards anterior margin), with length usually not exceeding width of base of arista. Cheek distinct.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori; two ors. Postocellar and ocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentrals decreasing in size anteriorly. Two rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae brown with pale shine (not dark brown to black). Head mostly light yellow; ocellar tubercle brown medially with spot extending to ocelli; fronto-orbital plate to posterolateral corner of frons around vertical setae whitish, faintly white pruinose; back of head with dark brown spot above foramen (not reaching margin); first flagellomere black; palpus brownish to brown or yellow, sometimes only darker apically. Notum light yellow with wide medial stripe between dorsocentral rows on anterior 2/3, one pair of floating intra-alar stripes near centre, and sometimes one pair of narrow, sometimes curved, postsutural supra-alar stripes; grey pruinosity evident on darker regions. Metanotum light yellow with mediotergite and venter of anatergite dark brown with greyish pruinosity. Pleuron mostly light yellow with faint grey pruinosity evident on pigmented regions; anepisternum with nearly indistinct, narrow, irregular anteroventral stripe; katepisternum with dark ventral spot that does not reach base of seta; meron mostly brown. Halter white. Calypter white. Legs yellow with distal segments of tarsi becoming more brown or brownish apically. Abdomen yellow (excluding oviscape), with dorsum brownish anterior to terminalia in male; posterior margin of tergites yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 760-762) Hypandrium with two setae and haired membrane projecting from inner lobe. Postgonite cleft apically and with several outer subapical sockets and one seta. Epiphallus with broad, flat lateral arm. Halves of basiphallus broad and interlocking at base, with strong ventrobasal arm on left 1/2. Sclerotized halves of hypophallus broadly arched and well-sclerotised with apices broad and narrow, nearly meeting medially; basal 1/2 curved, stouter and darker, distal 1/2 paler, similarly curved and directed downwards at apex. Mesophallus rounded at base, longer than wide, dark and subcylindrical, fused to distiphallus; mesophallus + distiphallus as long as basiphallus. Distiphallus dark, entirely split into one pair of narrow tubules that are slightly flared apically. Ejaculatory apodeme with base and margin closest to duct dark with remainder pale to clear; sperm pump dark ventrally.</p>
            <p>Variation: MD males differs as follows: notal stripes fused into one large irregular spot; side of scutellum brownish; tibiae and tarsi brownish; eye height divided by gena height: 2.6; wing length 1.9 mm.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Ranunculaceae -  Clematis sp.,  C. columbiana ,  C. verticillaris . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB. USA: CO, MD*, MT.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. AB: Edmonton, em. 7.viii from leaf mine on  Clematis sp., leg. 26.vii.1966, B. Hocking (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>USA. MO: 15 mi NE Polson, 26.vii.1967, Note No. 6702, S. Whitney (2♀, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. CO: Fremont Co.,  Bear Creek ,  Forest Rd 101, off of 49 Rd, 7.vii.2015, C.S. Eiseman,  Clematis , em. 19-22.vii.2015, #CSE1728, CNC654335, CNC654336 (1♂, 1♀, CNC), MD: Colesville, W.W. Wirth, 14.vi.1977 (1♀, USNM), 18.vi.1977 (1♂, USNM), 28.v.1977 (3♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza clematiphaga is here recorded for the first time in eastern North America in Maryland, with males and females that are slightly darker than their western counterparts. The species  P. compta is also brightly coloured, but it has a much larger wing (2.8-3.8 mm); the first flagellomere is more densely long-haired; the calypter hairs, tibiae and tarsi are darker; the notum is darker, although the scutum sometimes maintains a similar, but more extensive vittate pattern; and the hypophallus and distiphallus differ. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B86658E64BB441BAA3DE49D40B1E3B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7ED1BB540B95398A9E18103FA92382C7.text	7ED1BB540B95398A9E18103FA92382C7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza compta (Spencer 1986)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza compta (Spencer)</p>
            <p>Figs 132, 763-765</p>
            <p> Chromatomyia compta Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 324. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza compta . Winkler et al., 2009: 290. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 132). Wing length 2.9-3.3 mm (♂), 3.0-3.8 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.7-3.3. Hairs on first flagellomere long, bushy; segment rounded, longer than high, narrowing or wider apically, sometimes appearing subrectangular. Cheek distinct.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori with anterior seta shorter and much thinner (not more than 3/5 length posterior ori), sometimes absent on one side; two ors. Two rows of acrostichal setulae. Four subequal dorsocentral setae. Smaller medial presutural supra-alar present.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Overall colour yellow, more faintly greyish on pleuron; greyish pruinosity evident on pigmented regions, densest dorsally on thorax. Lunule, fronto-orbital plate and posterolateral corner of frons light yellow; ocellar tubercle brown medially with extensions to ocelli; frons posterior to postocellar yellow; back of head brown above foramen; first flagellomere black; palpus brown with base variably yellow. Scutum dark brown with postpronotum, notopleuron, anterior margin beside postpronotum to dorsocentral row, lateral and posterolateral margins to corner of scutellum yellow; sometimes with regions anterior to scutellum between dorsocentrals yellowish; if posteromedial region more clearly yellow, then pattern partially vittate, with posterolateral supra-alar stripe partially differentiated and with nearly indistinct yellow line along dorsocentral row, thereby appearing as a more widely infuscated  P. clematiphaga . Scutellum yellow with brownish lateral and anteromedial spots. Pleuron yellow with faded brownish anteroventral stripe on anepisternum sometimes evident, meron brown ventrally, katepisternum with large spot not reaching base of seta, and anepimeron sometimes with brownish mottling. Mediotergite dark brown, anatergite brown, katatergite yellow with posteroventral corner brown. Halter white. Calypter white with hairs brown. Tibiae brown to brownish yellow and tarsi brown. Male abdomen yellow; female abdomen brownish dorsally or with reduced pigment medially on tergites 1 and 2 and anteriorly on tergites 3-5; oviscape brown laterally, posteriorly, and sometimes dorsally, but always yellowish or with yellow mottling. </p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 763-765) Hypandrium short, stout and broadly rounded with narrower, projecting apex; inner lobe with two setae and haired membranous extension. Postgonite broad and relatively flat with one outer seta. Halves of basiphallus narrow, interlocking at base, with dorsal subapical extension nearly reaching paraphallus, and with small, pale ventroapical extension. Hypophallus U-shaped with arms subparallel; basally with tubular membranous chamber with one pair of ill-defined sclerotised strips flanking it where it differentiates into a free, upcurved flagellum. Paraphalli dark, ~ 3  × longer than wide, connected by membrane along venter, covering base of distiphallus; angled dorsally. Ejaculatory duct sclerotised subapically, meeting small, ill-defined, and enclosed mesophallus. Distiphallus entirely split into one pair of diverging tubules ca. as long as hypophallus that are angled towards base of phallus; tubules sclerotised on distal 1/2, but with slightly longer sclerotised ventral extension basally; single rod-like sclerite floating between arms of distiphallus. Ejaculatory apodeme large, clear to blade margin and with venter of sperm pump dark. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - possibly  Clematis (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON*. USA: ME*, NC, NY*, TN, VA, WA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. NC: Swain Co., Great Smoky Mts. N.P.,  Clingman’s Dome, 6300-6642ft, 20.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p> USA. NC: Gr. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park,  Clingman’s Dome, 6.viii.1957, C.J. Durden, CNC480088 (1♀, CNC), Gr. Sm. Mt. Nat. Park, Tenn.,  Clingman’s Dome, 2011 m, 22.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480085 (1♂, CNC), 2026 m, 21.v.1965, CNC480089 (1♀, CNC), Gr. Smoky Mt. Nat. Park,  Clingman’s Dome, 1920-2024 m, 28.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480092 (1♀, CNC), 20.v.1957, CNC480091 (1♀, CNC), 28.v.1957, CNC480084 (1♂, CNC), Mt. Mitchell, 2072 m, 12.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480083 (1♂, CNC), Mt. Richland-Balsam, Blue Ridge Pkwy, 1828-1950 m, 30.v.1965, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480087 (1♀, CNC), TN: Gr. Smoky Mt. Nat. Pk., Indian Gap, 1584 m, 28.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480090 (1♀, CNC), VA: Hawksbill, Shenandoah N.P., 1097-1234 m, 7.vi.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480080-480082 (2♂1♀, CNC), Smyth Co., Mt. Rogers, 1615-1737 m, 1.vi.1962, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480086 (1♂, CNC). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Thornhill , 30.v.1964, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480079 (1♀, CNC)  .   USA. ME:  Belfast , 16-20.ix.1946, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), NY: Slide Mt., 25.viii.1935, 4200', H.K. Townes (1♂ 4♀, USNM), WA: Mt. Rainier, VanTrump Crk., 2.ix.1917, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza compta is a large species with a characteristically pale body (also see comments for  P. clematiphaga ). The first flagellomere is also fringed with relatively long hairs and the phallus is unusual: the paraphalli form a single rounded bar, and the two dark arms of the distiphallus are separate from each other and bent posterodorsally. The latter character likely caused this species to be initially classified in the genus  Chromatomyia , but it does not appear to be related to any of the other lineages of this synonymized genus. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7ED1BB540B95398A9E18103FA92382C7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
94D8C4E68DAADCB90844C1A4A7320A6F.text	94D8C4E68DAADCB90844C1A4A7320A6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza crassiseta Zetterstedt 1860	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza crassiseta Zetterstedt</p>
            <p>Figs 134, 766-770</p>
            <p> Phytomyza crassiseta Zetterstedt, 1860: 6469. Melander 1913: 271; Hendel 1935: 387; Frick 1959: 427; Block 1969: 357; Spencer 1976: 408, 1990: 224; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 185; Glesener and Tilman 1978: 662;  Černý 2018: 132; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 71; Papp and  Černý 2020: 335;  Černý et al. 2020: 216. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza veronicae Brischke, 1881: 271 [preoccupied by Kaltenbach]. Hendel 1935 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 134). Wing length 2.1 mm (European ♂), 2.3 mm (WA ♂), 1.6-2.3 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.9-4.0. Arista laterally flattened, tapered on apical 1/2. First flagellomere slightly longer than high, broadly rounded apically, profile sometimes slightly subrectangular; hairs slightly longer than average, relatively dense. Fronto-orbital plate projecting anteriorly, and parafacial narrow but sometimes also prominent when viewed laterally. Ocellar triangle slightly larger than tubercle, sometimes subcircular. Cheek pronounced.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori in female, two in male; two ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae fine and sometimes longer than fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Two sparse rows of acrostichal setulae anteriorly. Intra-alar setulae strongly reduced to one or a few setulae anteriorly.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Body with faint greyish pruinosity evident on pigmented regions, which is denser on thorax, especially on dorsum. Head light yellow with frons sometimes slightly darker; clypeus, palpus and first flagellomere dark brown; scape, pedicel, ocellar triangle, back of head, posteroventral margin of gena and posterolateral corner of frons lateral to base of inner vertical seta brown; fronto-orbital plate with faint, fine whitish pruinosity that appears grey on an angle (as in some  Phytoliriomyza ); fronto-orbital plate with minute to large spots around bases of fronto-orbitals that are sometimes connected to faint brownish grey line along eye margin that uncommonly extends from dark posterolateral corner of frons. Thorax dark brown with grey pruinosity. Halter white. Calypter entirely yellowish white. Legs mostly dark brown, with apex of femora yellow for length greater than width of femur apex, and fore coxa variably yellow, but always with at least apex yellow and base dark. Abdomen brown; side of tergites yellow in female. </p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 766-770) Epandrium rounded, fused to small, setose surstylus. Cercus small, outer-dorsal margin ill-defined. Hypandrium broadly rounded with wide apical apodeme; inner lobe discrete, with two setae, connected via weak lateral sclerotisation and oblique distal band. Postgonite well-developed with strong apical arch. Basiphallus with two ill-defined, dextrally twisted bands that are each weakly defined and dorsally fused, forming a broad transverse apical plate. Hypophallus membranous, small, concave. Paraphalli lateral, asymmetrical, right sclerite largely desclerotised except at base, and left sclerite large, weakly sclerotised and clavate with basal stem abruptly narrowed; with one pair of darker inner accessory sclerites that flank mesophallus and are connected to distiphallus ventrally by membrane. Mesophallus (interpreted as thicker basal section of distiphallus connected to narrower ejaculatory duct) not readily differentiated from distiphallus, tubular, clear. Distiphallus tubular, mostly clear, slightly flared at opening, with band-like medial sclerotisation with ventral suture and narrow basomedial stem.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Plantaginaceae -  Hebe (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b),  Veronica (Benavent-Corai et al. 2005). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada. ON*, QC (leaf mine). USA: CA, ID, IN*, MA, MD, ME (leaf mines), NC, NJ*, NY, PA, VA, WA, WV. Argentina, Chile, Europe, Japan, Turkey, Russia (Papp and  Černý 2020). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype [  Phytomyza crassiseta ]: Sweden. Skane: Kingsmarken, Lake Ringsjon (HT ♀, ZIL). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Phytomyza veronicae ]: Poland. Gdansk [as  “Danzig” ] (type data unknown). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p> Canada. ON: Wellington Co., Smith Property Trail nr. Arkell, 43°33'N, 80°11'W, 23.vi.2015, O. Lonsdale, CNC441143 (1♀, CNC), Halton, Norval, 5.vi.2008, on  Veronica spicata , D. Cheung (1♀, photo voucher - Fig. 134). Chile. Estero la Jaula Curico, 1600 m, Nothofagus, i.1964, L. Pena, CNC480097 (1♀, CNC), Piscicultura Aconcagua, 1600 m, 11.xi.1963, L. Pena, CNC480096 (1♀, CNC). England. Chippenham Fen, Cambs., 20.ix.1958, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480093 (1♂, CNC), [illegible] Head, S Devon, 7.ix.1954, [K.A. Spencer],  Veronica em. 29.ix.1954, CNC480094 (1♀, CNC). Germany. Saxony-Anhalt: Tilleda, Sud Kyffhausse, x.1962, I. Michel, mine an  Veronica "Z No. 1962 Hering: Z, CNC480095 (2♀, CNC). USA. ID: Collins, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), IN: Lafayette, J.M. Aldrich, 10.vi.1915 (1♀, USNM), 6.vii.1915 (1♀, USNM), Michigan City, 29.vi.1915, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), MA: Franklin Co., Sunderland, Falls Rd., 13.vii.2012, em. 23.vii.2012, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Veronica officinalis (1♀ [with puparium], CNC), Hampshire Co., Pelham, 88 Arnold St., 25.vi.2014, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Veronica chamaedrys em. 2-16.vii.2014, #CSE1148, CNC384850-384862 (13♀, CNC), MD: Glen Echo, 29.v.1919, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Montgomery Co., Colesville, 14.vi.1976, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (2♀, USNM), Bethseda, G.C. Steyskal, 3.vi.1972 (1♀, USNM), 16.vii.1967 (1♀, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, 25.iv.1987, G.F. and J.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Forest Glen, 25.vi.1967, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), P.G. Co., Camp Springs, G.F. Hevel, Malaise trap, 9.vii.1979 (1♀, USNM), 8.vii.1979 (2♀, USNM), 16.vii.1979 (1♀, USNM), Carroll Co., Eldersburg, 2.vi.1985, W.E. Steiner and J.E. Lowry (1♀, USNM), NC: Chatham Co., Haywood, 5.vi.1986, G.C. Steyskal (3♀, USNM), Macon Co., Highlands, Lake Ravenel, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth, 14.vi.1986 (1♀, USNM), 19.vi.1986 (1♀, USNM), Durham Co., Durham, Pelham Rd., 20.iv.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Veronica peregrine , em. 14-16.v.2016, #CSE2461, CNC634800-634803 (4♀, CNC), Scotland Co., Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 2.v.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Veronica arvensis , em. 17.v.2016, #CSE2468, CNC634782 (1♀, CNC), Durham Co., Durham, Duke University, 23.v.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Veronica persica , em. 29.v-3.vi.2016, #CSE2517, CNC654295-654302 (8♀, CNC), NJ: Morristown, 9.iv.1922, A.H. Sturtevant (1♀, USNM), NY: Bear Mt., 8.vi.1918, A.H. Sturtevant (1♀, USNM), PA: Dubois, 3.ix.1927, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), VA: Glencarlyn, 30.v.1925, J.R. Malloch (1♀, USNM), Arlington, 18.v.1982, F.C. and B.J. Thompson (1♀, USNM), Alexandria, 11.vi.1952, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Pulaski, 7.v.1979, G. Steyskal (2♀, USNM), Fairfax Co., Great Falls Park, quarry, 38°59.1'N, 77°14.8'W, Malaise trap, 10-17.v.2007, D.R. Smith (1♀, USNM), WA: Mt. Constitution, 22.vii.1909 (1♀, USNM), Chehalis, 25.viii.1911, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The laterally flattened arista and unusual genitalia of  Phytomyza crassiseta readily differentiate it from other Delmarva species, but diagnosis elsewhere is more difficult where similar characters occur in a number of related species that require further study to refine diagnostic characters. These include the Quebec species  P. pedicularicaulis Spencer (on  Pedicularis ,  Orobanchaceae ) (Spencer 1969: figs 477, 478) and the British Columbian species  P. superba Spencer (host unknown) (Spencer 1969: figs 515, 516). Other related species, including the Palearctic  Phytomyza affinis Fallén , the Albertan  P. banffensis Spencer, and a number of more southern Nearctic species (Spencer and Steyskal 1986), are superficially quite similar but have a filamentous arista. </p>
            <p> Collection records show males of  Phytomyza crassiseta to be very rarely encountered in the New World (an English male is illustrated here), where the species has likely been introduced, with females suspected to reproduce parthenogenetically (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). In Europe, males are also uncommon towards the north, but are found in numbers equal to those of females in the Mediterranean region (Glesener and Tilman 1978). The cytology of this species was examined by Block (1969), who noted that the only other known parthenogenetic species in the family was  P. plantaginis . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/94D8C4E68DAADCB90844C1A4A7320A6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
FBBAD1A36590567349002B003848FE4D.text	FBBAD1A36590567349002B003848FE4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza davisii (Walton 1912)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza davisii (Walton)</p>
            <p>Figs 771-777</p>
            <p> Agromyza davisii Walton, 1912: 463. Melander 1913: 253; Malloch 1913: 284. </p>
            <p> Napomyza davisii . Frick, 1952a: 420, 1959: 419. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza davisii . Spencer, 1969: 238, 1990: 43; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 175; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2019: 18. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 3.2 mm (♂), 3.4 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section 8.5-13.9. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.3-3.7. Cheek narrow but distinct. First flagellomere rounded, slightly longer than high, narrowing apically. Ocellar triangle barely larger than tubercle.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Anterior ori thinner, slightly less or more than 1/2 length of posterior ori; posterior ors slightly shorter and thinner than anterior ors. Four to five rows of scattered acrostichal setulae. Four dorsocentrals, barely decreasing in size anteriorly. Presutural supra-alar small.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light yellow with antenna, back of head, ocellar tubercle, posterolateral corner of frons, gena, occiput and palpus dark brown; face faintly to more distinctly brown; clypeus brown; brownish grey stripe extending along fronto-orbital plate from posterior margin of frons to level of posterior ors; fronto-orbital plate with faint, fine greyish white pruinosity. Thorax dark brown with thick grey pruinosity that is lighter on pleuron and slightly evident on remainder of body. Halter white. Calypter entirely yellowish white. Legs dark brown with apices of femora narrowly yellow. Abdomen dark brown with lateral margin of tergites fading to yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 771-777) Apex of surstylus, which is entirely fused to epandrium, well-defined, but posteriorly with thin, ill-defined carina extending along margin of epandrium to pointed, inwardly directed process ventral to apex of cercus; setae apically on surstylus and along ridge following thin process. Cercus narrow, curved, slightly compressed laterally. Hypandrium large with stout basal arms and two setae on strong, transverse inner lobe; with rounded apical apodeme. Postgonite large and well-sclerotised with three sockets on upcurved apex; one seta basal to shallow, dark inner lobe; basal section dark and divided longitudinally into two bands. Phallophorus large and well-developed with dorsoapical plate partially interlocking and fused with base of right sclerite of basiphallus; flanked by one pair of long, narrow, apically pointed rods. Halves of basiphallus separate, slightly wider on distal 2/5 with dark, shallow ventrobasal process; left sclerite shorter with ventrobasal process wrapped along side of shaft. Hypophallus U-shaped, strongly curved in lateral view; basal margin thick, straight, and with dorsal sub-basal fossa; subapically with short, clear tubule. Paraphallus dark, rod-like, with slight medial constriction; apex weakly fused to mesophallus. Mesophallus with subspherical, dark apical chamber on distal 2/5 that is ventrally composed of two rounded plates; basal section of mesophallus (not interpreted as ejaculatory duct due to positioning past basiphallus) narrower, subcylindrical, with base slightly narrower and only sclerotised ventrally. Distiphallus divided into one pair of long sinuate arms that are strongly arched medially and dorsally angled apically. Ejaculatory apodeme large with short, narrow stem and base, and with large, broad blade; sperm pump with transverse sclerite that produces dark lateral processes and is fused to base of ejaculatory apodeme; base of duct sclerotised, continuous with sclerite on sperm pump.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Ranunculaceae -  Ranunculus . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON, QC. USA: IN, MA, MI, MN, MO, NY, TX*, WI.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. IN: Lafayette, bred from leaf miners on  Ranunculus , 9.vi.1912, J.J. Davis (1♀, USNM; type No. 15563). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON:  Fenelon Falls , 27.v.1928, F.P. Ide, CNC480098 (1♂, CNC), Go Home Bay, 8mi W of Bala, 28.v.1959, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480099 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. IN:  Lafayette , bred from leaf miners on  Ranunculus abortivus , 9.vi.1912 (1? [body mostly destroyed], USNM), MO: reared from leaf-miner on  Ranunculus abortivus , 14.vi.1913 (1♂, USNM), Kirkwood (1♀ [with puparium], USNM), TX: Bexar Co., Ebony Hill, Res. Stn., ex. larva, R.O. and C.A. Kendall, 27.iv.1977 (1♂ 1♀ [with puparia], USNM), 28.iv.1977 (1♀ [with puparium], USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza davisii is the only known Delmarva  Phytomyza with vein dm-m present. The distiphallus, mesophallus and hypophallus are also distinct. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FBBAD1A36590567349002B003848FE4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
B0D37581A23775E91516D7C6FE44FA86.text	B0D37581A23775E91516D7C6FE44FA86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza ditmani Kulp 1968	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza ditmani Kulp</p>
            <p>Figs 778-780</p>
            <p> Phytomyza ditmani Kulp, 1968: 11. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 215; Griffiths and Piercey-Normore 1995: 23; Scheffer and Wiegmann 2000: 249; Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011: 1187; Scheffer et al. 2021: 62. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows: </p>
            <p>Wing length 1.7-2.0 mm (♂), 1.9-2.0 mm (♀).Wing sometimes with additional transverse veins in first and second radial cells apically. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.6-5.0.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Posterior ori shorter than ors, anterior ori minute. Four to six rows of scattered acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Lunule sometimes paler than frons. Face yellowish medially, brown to dark grey laterally. Gena sometimes distinctly whiter than frons. Posterolateral margin of frons dark, with spot encompassing base of vertical setae, sometimes with dark stripe extending along fronto-orbital plate to level of anterior ors. Gena and occiput sometimes dark along posterior and posteroventral margins of eye. Legs evenly brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 778-780) Surstylus relatively short, straight and broadly rounded. Epandrial process (bump above anus) short and rounded. Sclerite of hypophallus 1/2-length of mesophallus, apex broadly rounded, base narrow and upcurved (i.e., comma-shaped); broader apical section sometimes subquadrate. Length of mesophallus 4  × width at midpoint. Arms of distiphallus separate and approximately as long as mesophallus. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex decidua ,  I. montana ,  I. verticillata (Scheffer et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DC, MD, ME, MI, NC, PA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC: Washington, 30.x.1964, L.A. Kulp, Type No. 67775 (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0D37581A23775E91516D7C6FE44FA86	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
AE2917F967039CBFB52D616839D82C4A.text	AE2917F967039CBFB52D616839D82C4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza Fallen 1810	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 
Phytomyza 
Fallen</p>
            <p> Phytomyza Fallén , 1810: 10. Type species:  Phytomyza flaveola Fallén , 1810 [=  Musca ranunculi Schrank, 1803], by monotypy. Frick 1952a: 421, 1959: 420; Spencer 1969: 218; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 172; Winkler et al. 2009: 260; Papp and  Černý 2020: 175. </p>
            <p> Phytomyia . Misspelling. Haliday, 1833: 150. </p>
            <p> Napomyza Curtis, 1837: 282 [attributed to Haliday manuscript name]. Type species:  Phytomyza nigricornis Macquart 1835, by monotypy. </p>
            <p> Napomyza Westwood, 1840: 152 [as subgenus of  Phytomyza ]. Type species:  Phytomyza festiva Meigen, 1830 [=  Phytomyza elegans Meigen, 1830], by monotypy by first reviser action of Hendel (1920). Hendel 1920: 111 [attrib. to Haliday; as genus]; Frick 1952a: 419, 1959: 419; Spencer 1969: 210; Griffiths and Steyskal 1986: 170 [proposed supression  Napomyza Curtis]; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 167; Zlobin 1994: 289; ICZN 1988: 77 [suppression of  Napomyza Curtis]; Winkler et al. 2009: 271 [as subgenus]; Papp and  Černý 2020: 121. </p>
            <p> Chromatomyia Hardy, 1849: 390. Type species  Phytomyza periclymeni de Meijere, 1924 (misidentified as  Phytomyza obscurella Fallén , 1823 by Hardy and Coquillett), by subsequent designation (Coquillett 1910: 523) - see discussion in Griffiths (1974: 36). This name is not preoccupied by  Chromatomyia Walker, as  Walker’s name is not available. Braschnikov 1897: 40; Coquillett 1910: 523; Frick 1952a: 421 [as synonym of  Phytomyza ]; Griffiths 1974: 36; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 173; Spencer 1987: 255; Papp 1984: 315 [as synonym of  Phytomyza ]; Spencer and Martinez 1987: 255 [stat reinst.]; Winkler et al. 2009: 276 [as synonym of  Phytomyza ]; Papp and  Černý 2020: 19; von Tschirnhaus 2021: 105. </p>
            <p> Dineura Lioy, 1864: 1315. Type species:  Phytomyza festiva Meigen, 1830 [=  Phytomyza elegans Meigen 1830], by original designation. Preoccupied by Dahlbom (1835) and Selys (1859). </p>
            <p> Napomyia . Misspelling. Schiner, 1868: 227. </p>
            <p> Phythomyza . Misspelling. Rondani, 1874: 51. </p>
            <p> Lonicera . Error for  Phytomyza . Meijere 1924: 147 [in describing and naming  Phytomyza luteoscutellata Meijere on page 147, the genus group name of the host (  Lonicera ) was used for the fly genus; the correct combination is given on pages 126 and 147]. </p>
            <p> Ptochomyza Hering, 1942: 530. Type species:  Ptochomyza asparagi Hering 1942, by original designation. Winkler et al. 2009: 282 [as subgenus]; Lonsdale 2015: 637. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza is the most speciose genus of  Agromyzidae with ca. 800 species worldwide, and certainly the most diverse with respect to morphology and host use. The classification of the group was developed by Winker et al. (2009) when they synonymized  Chromatomyia , and included  Napomyza and the small genus  Ptochomyza as subgenera, finding that all of these rendered the larger  Phytomyza paraphyletic. Further discussion is provided in Lonsdale (2015) and Lonsdale and Eiseman (2021). </p>
            <p> Species of the  subgenus Napomyza occur globally, occurring mostly towards the west in North America, and while none are yet known from the Delmarva states, it is likely that they will eventually be found. Zlobin (1994) discussed the characters used by Spencer to diagnose  Napomyza , finding them to be plesiomorphic and not sufficient to maintain the genus as a separate entity. Zlobin instead provided tentative characters of the male genitalia, although similar characters are found in some  Phytomyza s. s. and should be used with caution (Winkler et al. 2009). Species of the  subgenus Ptochomyza are mostly restricted to the Palaearctic Region; a minority also occur in the Afrotropics, as discussed by Lonsdale (2015). </p>
            <p> In previous keys and diagnoses, the length of the fronto-orbital setae and the lengths of the costal sectors were used to differentiate those species of  Phytomyza with a dark frons. These characters appear to vary much more widely than previously appreciated among many of those species, however, making them unreliable for diagnosis and they are not used in the key provided below. Male dissections should be made whenever possible to verify identifications, as genitalic characters in this genus are among the most complex and distinct of any  Agromyzidae . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE2917F967039CBFB52D616839D82C4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
6107B86ECBE3A2E6CB0AF019EE3E2170.text	6107B86ECBE3A2E6CB0AF019EE3E2170.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza glabricola Kulp 1968	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza glabricola Kulp</p>
            <p>Figs 781-783</p>
            <p> Phytomyza weidhausii . Nomen nudum. Hamilton 1957: 94 [attributed to E. C. Crafts]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza ditmani Kulp, 1968: 14. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 214; Griffiths and Piercey-Normore 1995: 23; Scheffer and Wiegmann 2000: 249; Scheffer and Hawthorne 2007: 2627; Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011: 1188; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Scheffer et al. 2021: 62. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows: </p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2-2.4 mm (♂), 2.4-2.6 mm (♀). Eye height divided by gena height: 3.4-4.4.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Sometimes very small additional ori present in front of anterior ori, which is 1/2 length of posterior ori. Five scattered rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body darker brown; gena greyish to dirty white; dark posterolateral spot on frons surrounding vertical setae sometimes with extension along margin of eye to surround base of ors and (less frequently) base of posterior ori; eye with dark margin along gena and postgena. Legs dark with base of tibiae and apices of femora narrowly to indistinctly yellow; tarsi dirty white, becoming browner apically.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 781-783) Surstylus short and rounded. Epandrial process short and broad. Sclerite of hypophallus slightly longer than mesophallus, narrow and strongly arched; base fused to apex of basiphallus. Length of mesophallus ~ 2.5  × width, shorter than distiphallus and slightly constricted at midpoint. Arms of distiphallus connected at base. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex glabra ,  I. coriacea ; possibly  I. cassine (Scheffer et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: AL, CT, DC, FL, GE, MA, MD, MS, NC, NJ, NY, OH, SC.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC: Washington, 19.viii.1964, L.A. Kulp, Type No. 67427 (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. FL: Highlands Co.,  Venus-Archibold Biological Station , 30.iii.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Ilex glabra , em. 8-28.iv.2013, #CSE255, CNC384726, CNC384727 (1♂, 1♀, CNC). Also see Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011)  . </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6107B86ECBE3A2E6CB0AF019EE3E2170	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
BF59E51F8B638E0D3BC142C4EAF05D0C.text	BF59E51F8B638E0D3BC142C4EAF05D0C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza ilicicola Loew	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza ilicicola Loew</p>
            <p>Figs 784-786</p>
            <p> Phytomyza Ilicis Loew, 1863: 54 [preoccupied by Curtis 1846]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza ilicicola Loew, 1872: 291 [new name for  Phytomyza ilicis Loew]. Hendel 1920: 168 [as possible synonym of  Phytomyza ilicis Curtis], Frick 1952a: 426, 1957: 205 [lectotype designation], 1959: 429; Kulp 1968: 16; Spencer 1969: 246; Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 213; Scheffer and Wiegmann 2000: 249; Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011: 1189; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Scheffer et al. 2021: 62. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza obscurella var. ilicicola . Melander, 1913: 270. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza ilicis . Misidentification. Frost, 1924: 76. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length: 1.7-2.1 mm (♂), 1.9-2.1 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.5-6.5. Vein dm-m absent; veins R2+3 and R4+5 crowded relatively close to anterior margin of wing. Ocellar tubercle wider than long (often subrectangular), with space between posterior ocelli wider than 3  × width of ocellus; ocellar triangle indistinct, barely larger than tubercle. Fronto-orbital plate narrow with inner margin smooth and slightly convex. Cheek narrow, but distinct. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori, anterior 1/2 length of posterior; two ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae at least as long as fronto-orbitals, but thinner. Four to six scattered rows of acrostichal setulae. Four dorsocentral setae, one presutural, decreasing in length anteriorly.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body covered with greyish pruinosity that is denser on thorax, especially dorsally; pruinosity coppery postsuturally, bluish presuturally and on anterodorsal corner of anepisternum (colour differences often difficult to see in poorly preserved material). Head mostly grey with brown to yellowish tint; back of head, clypeus, palpus, ocellar triangle and scape dark brown; pedicel and first flagellomere dark brown to black; lunule sometimes paler than frons; frons with thin reflective pruinosity appearing white to dark grey depending on individual and angle of view; posterolateral corner of frons dark to base of inner vertical seta, often with narrow band extending to base of posterior ors; fronto-orbital plate sometimes with spot posterior to base of anterior ors and posterior ori, or with most of plate dark grey excluding anterior and anterolateral margins; face yellowish medially, whitish to dark grey or brownish laterally and on parafacial; gena usually very pale, strongly contrasting remainder of head, sometimes with yellowish tint, less commonly greyish. Thorax dark brown with pruinosity as mentioned above. Halter white. Calypter white with margin and hairs grey to brownish. Legs brown with yellowish tint, with femora darker and fore and mid tibiae and tarsi paler, at least medially; if predominantly pale, then apex of fore femur and faint supra-alar spot on scutum also pale. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 784-786) Surstylus short, rounded and relatively narrow; fused to epandrium but with suture evident along anterior margin. Epandrium broadly rounded and setose and with small dorsomedial protuberance ("epandrial process") above anus. Cercus small, setose, and narrow. Subepandrial sclerite divided medially, each side with dark dorsal arm that is contiguous ventrally with flatter, pointed ventral process. Hypophallus membranous and sac-like with one pair of floating lateral sclerites that are subrectangular, curved and ~ 4  × longer than wide with margin irregular. Mesophallus nearly 6  × longer than wide at midpoint and slightly longer than distiphallus. Paraphallus with dark basal section and very flat, pale, nearly indistinct distal plate approaching mediobasal surface of mesophallus. Arms of distiphallus separate, not strongly diverging at base and curved dorsally. Ejaculatory apodeme with base bulging, stem very short, and blade well-developed with marked gradation in pigment distally; sperm pump with transverse sclerite with ends thick, dark, and produced. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex aquifolium ,  I. opaca ; possibly  I. vomitoria (Scheffer et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: DC, DE, FL, GA, KY, MA, MD, NC, NY, OH, PA, SC; leaf mines only: CT, TN, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Lectotype: USA. DC: "Loew Coll.", [Osten-Sacken], Type No. 13431 (1♀, MCZ).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. USA. NC: Scotland Co., Laurinburg,  St. Andrews University , 25.ii-4.iii.2016, T.S. Feldman,  Ilex opaca , em. 18-25.iii.2016, #CSE2387, CNC653938-653941 (1♂ 3♀, CNC), VA: Falls Church, 5.v.1969, [illegible], mines  Ilex opaca em. 5-11.v.1969, CNC480100 (1♂ 1♀, CNC). Also see Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza ilicicola is collected with relative frequency compared to other holly-mining agromyzids in the Delmarva states, all of which belong to the  P. ilicis species group. This group was recently revised in North America by Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011), who included discussions on life history and host use. This followed molecular treatments of the group by Scheffer and Wiegmann (2000) and Scheffer and Hawthorne (2007), and the description of a related species feeding on  Gelsemium (  Gelsemiaceae ) in North Carolina,  P. omlandi Scheffer and Lonsdale (Scheffer and Lonsdale 2011). Scheffer et al. (2021) provided a thorough analysis of the host plant use and diversification in the group. Of the 12 Nearctic species in this group,  P. ilicis was introduced into the western Nearctic from Europe and eleven native species occur in the eastern United States. An additional undescribed species from Florida and North Carolina mentioned in Scheffer et al. (2021) on  Ilex amelanchier is not considered here. Nine of the eleven described native species occur in the Delmarva states:  P. ditmani ,  P. glabricola ,  P. ilicicola ,  P. leslieae ,  P. lineata ,  P. nemopanthi ,  P. opacae ,  P. verticillatae , and  P. wiggii . </p>
            <p> The species group is tentatively treated as monophyletic on the basis of  Ilex -feeding, widely separated posterior ocelli, and overall genitalic morphology. The eleven native Nearctic species are further allied on the basis of a subrectangular ocellar tubercle and a bump above the anus on the epandrium (Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF59E51F8B638E0D3BC142C4EAF05D0C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4556A5B4B53E86CF01584B56D1168352.text	4556A5B4B53E86CF01584B56D1168352.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza lactuca Frost 1924	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza lactuca Frost</p>
            <p>Figs 802-804</p>
            <p> Phytomyza lactuca Frost, 1924: 85. Frost 1928: 77; Spencer 1969: 249; Winkler et al. 2009: 284; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88. </p>
            <p> Chromatomyia lactuca . Griffiths, 1974: 37, 1977: 336; Spencer 1981: 442; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 191; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 2.2-2.6 mm (♂), 2.1-2.6 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.3-2.9. First flagellomere large with distal margin rounded; shape variable; larger in female, sometimes circular but usually slightly clavate with anterodorsal region swollen; smaller in male, sometimes with dorsal and ventral margins nearly parallel; hairs very conspicuously elongate, length at least 3  × width of base of arista, becoming longer anterodorsally. Fronto-orbital plate shallowly produced dorsally, smaller than narrow  “cheek” . </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori with anterior seta either absent or very thin and not more than 1/2 length posterior ori; two ors. Single row of orbital setulae straight to irregular. Ocellar and postocellar setae at least as long as fronto-orbitals. Eye with very sparse short hairs. Two strong rows of acrostichal setulae to midpoint of scutum. Intra-alar setulae relatively few, at least with one well-developed setula in front and behind suture. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Small additional medial presutural supra-alar present.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light yellow with ocellar tubercle and posterolateral margin of frons dark brown to region between vertical setae or to base or inner vertical; pedicel, first flagellomere, palpus and back of head dark brown; clypeus brown. Thorax dark brown with dense greyish pruinosity that is thicker dorsally and also faintly seen elsewhere on body. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs dark brown with base of tibiae narrowly yellow and apex of femora yellow for length equal to width of femur at spot. Abdomen brown with posterior margin of tergites 2-6 sometimes yellow.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 802-804) Hypandrium very short and stout; inner lobe with several anterior setae and broad membranous extension that is broadly fused to postgonite. Phallophorus small, shallow; lateral paired sclerites short, dark, slightly pointed apically. Postgonite broad, flat and with several outer setae; apex rounded with dorsal subapical point. Halves of basiphallus crossing at base; left sclerite with ventrobasal process wrapping around shaft, right sclerite with broad laterobasal lobe-like extension. Paraphallus absent. Hypophallus narrow and U-shaped with arms darker and parallel, and distal arch broadly and more weakly sclerotised. Mesophallus not evident. Distiphallus dark, tubular, narrow, and angled ventrally but slightly upcurved, nearly as long as hypophallus. Ejaculatory apodeme small, finger-like; sperm pump small.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Asteraceae -  Crepis ,  Lactuca ,  Sonchus ,  Taraxacum (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB, NL*, ON, PE*, SK*. USA: CA, MD, MI, NC, NY, PA, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. PA: Arendtville, reared ex.  Lactuca scarola var. integrata (1♂, USNM). [Lost] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. NL:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.71667/lat 45.366665)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.71667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.366665">Pistolet Bay</a>
                 , 10.viii.1982, G. Cuff, Lot 83-69, 64, CNC480102 (1♂, CNC), ON: Ottawa, 695 Malibu Tr., 45°22'N, 75°43'W, leaf mine  Sonchus oleraceus , 3.vii.2015, O. Lonsdale, em. 7.vii.2015, CNC454633-454635 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), Ottawa, 2.vii.2015, O. Lonsdale, leaf mine unknown host, em. 7.vii.2015, CNC454639 (1♂, CNC), Ottawa, 4.ix.1956, G.G. Lewis, serpentine leaf mine in  Lactuca canadensis , CNC480104-480106 (1♀, 1♂ 1♀ [same pin], 2 empty puparia [gel capsule], CNC), PE:  O’Leary , v.1975, L.S. Thompson, 75-332, CNC480101 (1♀, CNC), SK: Regina, 4.x.1973, M.G. Maw, hand collected, ex  Sonchus oleraceus 73-216- Sask, So-R-10, CNC480103 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. MD:  Bethseda , 28.vi.1980, G.C. Steyskal, ex.  Lactuca sp. (3♂ 2♀ [with puparia], USNM), MI: Battle Creek, 25.iv.1936, C.W. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), WV: Parkersburg, 21.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The enlarged first flagellomere and very elongate hairs on the first flagellomere are highly diagnostic of this species. As noted in Griffiths (1977), the male genitalia are similar to those in the  Phytomyza syngenesiae group, including the pestiferous  P. horticola , but the distiphallus of this species is proclinate, and the hypophallus and distiphallus are darker and stouter. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4556A5B4B53E86CF01584B56D1168352	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
6FC13DC7A36B13443DE811C229D43788.text	6FC13DC7A36B13443DE811C229D43788.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza leslieae Lonsdale & Scheffer	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza leslieae Lonsdale &amp; Scheffer</p>
            <p>Figs 787-789</p>
            <p> Phytomyza leslieae Lonsdale &amp; Scheffer, 2011: 1191. Scheffer et al. 2021: 62. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows: </p>
            <p>Wing length 1.4-2.1 mm (♂), 1.4-1.8 mm (♀). Eye height divided by gena height: 3.5-5.2.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Anterior ori 1/2 length of posterior ori.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Gena usually very pale, strongly contrasting remainder of head, sometimes with yellowish tint. Pedicel relatively pale, never as dark as first flagellomere. Face yellowish centrally, with side and parafacial whitish, never dark grey. Fronto-orbital plate sometimes with dark stripe extending from lateral margin to base of one or both ors. Legs more uniformly brown with tibiae and tarsi variably whitish, at least in part on fore and mid legs; apex of femora sometimes narrowly yellowish.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 787-789) Surstylus short, broader apically. Epandrial process rounded with slight ventral curve. Sclerite of hypophallus directed posteriorly (not ventrally), subrectangular in general outline, with length 2  × width, and with irregular margins; posterior margin sometimes strongly convex. Mesophallus bulging on distal 1/2 and with length ~ 3  × width at midpoint. Paraphallus broad. Arms of distiphallus separate and bases not strongly diverging. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex cassine ,  I. myrtifolia ; possibly also  I. opaca (Scheffer et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: AL, FL, MD, NC, SC.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. AL: Covington Co., Conecuh Natl. For., "Salt Pond" area, 10.i.1998, coll. S.J. Scheffer, 98-13, ex  Ilex myrtifolia (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6FC13DC7A36B13443DE811C229D43788	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
9AF5BA84E17DEA1F93F141BCE0785FB8.text	9AF5BA84E17DEA1F93F141BCE0785FB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza lineata Lonsdale & Scheffer	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Phytomyza lineata Lonsdale &amp; Scheffer</p>
            <p>Figs 790-792</p>
            <p> Phytomyza lineata Lonsdale &amp; Scheffer, 2011: 1194. Scheffer et al. 2021. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows: </p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8 mm (♂). Female unknown. Eye height divided by gena height: 4.0-4.8.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Anterior ori very small; posterior ors duplicated on left side in one male. Six to seven scattered rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Scutum sometimes with postpronotum slightly paler/reddish and with posterior margin of notopleuron yellowish. Face brown with lateral margin and parafacial dark grey. Posterolateral corner of frons dark with narrow yellowish line between base of vertical setae. Posterolateral margin of frons with narrow dark line. Legs brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 790-792) Surstylus short and tapering. Epandrial process narrow with distinct ventral curve. Sclerite of hypophallus narrow, length 5  × width. Length of mesophallus slightly&gt; 5  × width at midpoint. Paraphallus relatively narrow and weakly defined. Arms of distiphallus separate, slightly longer than mesophallus and subparallel on basal 1/2. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex verticillata . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD, MI, PA, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. VA: Nelson Co. not far from Crabtree Falls, 12.ix.1999, coll. S.J. Scheffer, ex  Ilex verticillata (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9AF5BA84E17DEA1F93F141BCE0785FB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
FAC6FD148ABFB7DE85DB98CE3A19AE95.text	FAC6FD148ABFB7DE85DB98CE3A19AE95.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza loewii Hendel 1923	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Phytomyza loewii Hendel</p>
            <p>Figs 805-807</p>
            <p> Phytomyza Clematidis Loew, 1863: 55 [preoccupied by Kaltenbach (1859)]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza nitida . Misidentification, in part. Melander 1913: 271. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza loewii Hendel, 1923: 1923 [replacement name for  Clematidis ]. Frick 1957: 205 [type data, lectotype designation]; Spencer 1969: 251; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 217; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 77. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza ranunculoides Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 320. Syn. nov. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.6-1.9 mm (♂), 2.0-2.1 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.7-5.0. Fronto-orbital plate and scutum very shiny, strongly contrasting remainder of frons; fronto-orbital plate relatively broad medially, 1/4 to ~ 1/3 width of frons. Ocellar triangle rounded, slightly larger than tubercle.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori (sometimes with additional minute ori anteriorly); one ors (sometimes two on one side). Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals, ocellar slightly thinner and shorter. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in size anteriorly. Four to six irregular rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body dark brown with halter and labellum yellow; usually with tarsi (distal two tarsomeres becoming darker apically), narrow apices of femora, and base and apex of fore tibia variably light brown to yellowish; sometimes mid and hind tarsi similarly yellowish, and/or most of fore tibia, distal 1/3 of mid tibia and apex of hind tibia also paler. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 805-807) Hypandrium very short and broad with haired membrane arising from inner lobe. Postgonite broadened medially and distally with apical margin scalloped; with one seta. Halves of basiphallus relatively long, flat and parallel with bases overlapping. Hypophallus with one pair of lateral rod-like sclerites sometimes partially connected apically by marginal sclerotisations along membrane. Paraphalli elongate, fused and dark with apex long, curved, pointed and often curved to right. Distiphallus short, Y-shaped, directed basally and with large membranous fringe.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Ranunculaceae -  Clematis ,  Ranunculus hispidus (corrected identity of MI host listed below, C.S. Eiseman, pers. comm.). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON, QC. USA: CA, DC, GA, ID, IN, LA, MA, MD*, MI, VA*, WA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Lectotype [  Phytomyza loewii ]: USA. DC:  “D.C.” ,  “85” , "Loew coll.",  Clematidis [illegible], Type No. 13429 (1♀, MCZ). </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Phytomyza ranunculoides ]: USA. MN: Minneapolis, Minnehaha Creek, em. 20.viii.1980, ex. leaf mine coll. 29.vi.1980, K.A. Spencer (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  Canada. ON:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.50133/lat 45.687817)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.50133&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.687817">Toronto</a>
                 ,  “2-5-96” , J.M. Aldrich (1♂ 1♀, USNM),  Bell’s Cor., wild  Clematis , 4.vi.1952, J.F. McAlpine, sweeping, CNC480109-480119 (2♂, 9♀, CNC), Renfrew Co., Jacks Lakes, 45°41'16.14"N, 77°30'4.77"W, 7.vii.2018, C.S. Eiseman,  Clematis virginiana , em. 22.vii.2018, #CSE4822, CNC1643631 (1♂, CNC), QC:  Perkin’s Mills, caught on Clem [atis]. vert[icillaris]., 18.vii.1967, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480107 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. DC: 26.viii.1904 (1♂, USNM), on young terminals of  Clematis (1♀, USNM), GA: Rabun Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.37747/lat 42.69735)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.37747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.69735">Pine Mountain</a>
                 , 426 m, 4.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480108 (1♂, CNC), ID: Moscow, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), IN: Lafayette, 16.v.1917, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), MA:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.37747/lat 42.69735)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.37747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.69735">Franklin Co.</a>
                 , Northfield, 276  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.37747/lat 42.69735)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.37747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.69735">Old Wendell Rd.</a>
                 , 29.vi-2.vii.2016,  Clematis virginiana em. 18.vii-2.viii.2016, C.S. Eiseman (23♂ 26♀),  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.37747/lat 42.69735)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.37747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.69735">Franklin Co.</a>
                 , Northfield, 42°38'45.47"N, 72°25'39.65"W, adult on  Clematis virginiana , 29.vi.2016, C.S. Eiseman, #CSE2646, CNC654108 (1♂, CNC), MD:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.37747/lat 42.69735)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.37747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.69735">Montgomery Co.</a>
                 , Clarksburg, Little Bennett Reg. Park, 21.ix.1990, W.E. Steiner, M.J. and R. Molineaux (5♂, USNM), MI:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -84.37747/lat 42.69735)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-84.37747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.69735">Ingham Co.</a>
                 , Meridian, Harris Nature Center, 42°41'50.45"N, 84°22'38.90"W, 28.vi.2018, C.S. Eiseman,  Anemone virgiana , em. 12.vii.2018, #CSE4745, CNC1643653 (1♀, CNC), VA: Fairfax Co., Dyke Marsh, 18.v.1977, W.N. Mathis (1♀, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza loewii , as discussed in Spencer and Steyskal (1986b), apparently differs from  P. ranunculoides in having paler tarsi, a longer costal ratio and a less shiny fronto-orbital plate, but this does not appear to be supported with the material available, including the types of both species. Furthermore, the series of specimens from  Bell’s Corners, Ontario, reveal a full range of colour types, suggesting that colour is not useful in differentiating the two species. The glossiness of the fronto-orbital plates is also quite uniform across all specimens, and while there is slight variation is venation, differences appear to be negligible. Regardless, the lengths of costal sectors appear to vary much within agromyzid species and do not appear to be useful is species diagnosis. Genitalic morphology, a much more accurate indicator of specific boundaries in the genus, also appears to be quite uniform for all available males. </p>
            <p> The lectotype of  Phytomyza loewii is unfortunately a female missing its head, and therefore of little practical use, but its wing length and colour otherwise fit well within the spectrum of variation listed above; the type appears to be slightly paler overall (particularly on the calypter), but this may be an artifact of preservation. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FAC6FD148ABFB7DE85DB98CE3A19AE95	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
27F2945295F3DA592D2FBE59DABEBCEC.text	27F2945295F3DA592D2FBE59DABEBCEC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza nemopanthi Griffths & Piercey-Normore	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Phytomyza nemopanthi Griffths &amp; Piercey-Normore</p>
            <p> Phytomyza nemopanthi Griffths &amp; Piercey-Normore, 1995: 24. Scheffer and Wiegmann 2000: 249; Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011: 1196; Scheffer et al. 2021: 62. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows (from Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011): </p>
            <p>Wing length 1.9 mm (♂), 2.2 mm (♀). Eye height divided by gena height: 3.1-3.6. Thorax slightly less pruinose and without bluish tint.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Anterior ori 1/2 length of posterior ori or absent. Acrostichal setulae in five to six scattered rows.</p>
            <p> Colouration: Unlike most (but not all)  P. ilicicola , gena never bright white and face and posterior margin of postgena never white, and legs more uniformly pale. Head with brownish to grey tint, without strong colour contrast on gena; face yellowish centrally, and side of face and parafacial dark grey or brownish; gena and occiput dark along posterior and posterolateral margins of eye. Posterolateral corner of frons dark, with spot encompassing base of vertical bristles and often with thin band extending to base of posterior ors; orbital plate variable in coloration, sometimes with light spot posterior to base of anterior ors and posterior ori, or with most of plate dark grey, excluding anterior and anterolateral margins. Legs brown with tibiae and tarsi paler; fore femur sometimes becoming gradually paler to apex. </p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011: figs 59, 60) Lateral sclerite of hypophallus usually shorter and less strongly arched, mesophallus thinner before midpoint, and arms of distiphallus more strongly diverging.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex ambigua ,  I. collina ,  I. montana ,  I. verticillata (Scheffer et al. 2021),  I. mucronata . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NL. USA: FL, NC, NY, WV, WI.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: Canada. NL: Avalon Peninsula, Cochrane Pond Road, 27.ix-10.x.1991, M. D. Piercey-Normore, in leaf of  Nemopanthus mucronata (L.) (1♂, CNC). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/27F2945295F3DA592D2FBE59DABEBCEC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
3521C9AF011985D1ED3E99331F677F1F.text	3521C9AF011985D1ED3E99331F677F1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza nervosa Loew 1869	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza nervosa Loew</p>
            <p>Figs 133, 808-810</p>
            <p> Phytomyza nervosa Loew, 1869: 52. Frick 1959: 432; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 181. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>(Fig. 133). Wing length 2.2-2.5 mm (♂), 2.7-2.8 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.1-2.2. Buccal cavity relatively broad with epistoma produced. Ring around eye prominent. Palpus short and broadly ovate.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori; two ors. Acrostichal setulae absent. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head dark yellow with posterolateral margin of frons lateral to base of inner vertical, large round spot around tubercle and back of head above foramen (excluding margin) brown; palpus, clypeus and first flagellomere black. Notum dark brown with grey pruinosity, and postpronotum, notopleuron and supra-alar spot yellow. Pleuron dark yellow with brown/grey mottling (paler posterodorsally on katepisternum and medially on anepisternum). Halter white. Calypter dusky with hairs brown to golden. Coxae and femora yellow with light dorsal mottling on fore femur (sometimes restricted to base) and with brownish dorsal spot near base of mid femur and near apices of mid and hind femora; tibiae brownish; tarsi brown. Abdomen brown with male sternite 8 and posterior margin of tergites 5 and 6 yellow.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 808-810) Hypandrium subtriangular with apex rounded, and with long, separate basomedial plate; inner lobe transverse, arched and with several anterior setae. Postgonite long and flat with apex broad and emarginate apically. Halves of basiphallus narrow, diverging apically. Hypophallus broad and U-shaped, above one pair of converging narrow bars that nearly meet to form a triangle. Paraphalli small, weakly sclerotised, converging apically, but not meeting. Mesophallus length 2  × width, narrowing apically, rounded basally; duct adjoining mesophallus pigmented. Distiphallus divided into one pair of very narrow, slender, ventrally pointing rods slightly shorter than mesophallus. Ejaculatory apodeme short and finger-like with swollen base. </p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DC, IA, IL*, IN, KS, MD*, MI, PA, TN*, VA*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. District of Columbia (1♀, MCZ; type No. 13432). [Not examined]</p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. IL:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.35833/lat 35.703335)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.703335">Chicago</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.35833/lat 35.703335)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.703335">Thatcher Road</a>
                 , 29.v.1949, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), MD: Cabin John Bridge, 28.iv.1912, Malloch (1♂, USNM), nr. Plummers Id., 25.iv.1915, R.C. Shannon (2♀, USNM), Montgomery Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.35833/lat 35.703335)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.703335">Plummers Island</a>
                 , 38°58'N, 77°10'W, Malaise trap, 24.iv-7.v.2006, D.R. Smith and J.W. Brown (1♀, USNM), 25.iv.1987 (1♂ 1♀, USNM), 4mi SW of Ashton, G.F. and J.F. Hevel, 29.iv.1984 (2♀, USNM), TN:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.35833/lat 35.703335)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.703335">Cocke Co.</a>
                 ,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.35833/lat 35.703335)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.703335">Ramsey's
Cascade
</a>
                 , 8.5mi E Gatlinburg,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.35833/lat 35.703335)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.35833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.703335">Great Smokey Mountain National Park</a>
                 , 35°42.2'N, 83°21.5'W, 1900', 28.v.1999, S.D. Gaimari (1♀, USNM), VA: Chain Bridge, 20.iv.1924, J.R. Malloch (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p>The broadly ovate palpus is characteristic of this species, as is the bright head, prominent parafacial, lack of acrostichal setulae and large body size.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3521C9AF011985D1ED3E99331F677F1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
B45F72A0B6995C8645BC0EC482D97076.text	B45F72A0B6995C8645BC0EC482D97076.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza opacae Kulp 1968	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza opacae Kulp</p>
            <p>Figs 793-795</p>
            <p> Phytomyza opacae Kulp, 1968: 21. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 215; Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011: 1198; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Scheffer et al. 2021. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows: </p>
            <p>Wing length 1.5-1.9 mm (♂), 1.8-2.0 mm (♀). Eye height divided by gena height: 4.2-5.2.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Fronto-orbital plate pale, usually with narrow dark line extending to base of posterior fronto-orbital, but rarely reaching base of posterior ori.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 793-795) Surstylus broadly rounded. Epandrial process broad with slight ventral curve. Sclerite of hypophallus semi-circular with anterior margin slightly concave. Paraphalli tapered along outer-distal margin and slightly bowed, not parallel. Mesophallus nearly 7  × longer than wide. Arms of distiphallus slightly shorter than mesophallus, separate and not strongly diverging. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex opaca ,  I. cassine ,  I. aquifolium ,  I. amelenchier (Scheffer et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: DC, DE, FL, MD, NC, NJ (leaf mines only), NY, SC.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MD: Prince George Co., College Park, 21.v.1964, em. 29.v.1964, C.W. McComb, Type No. 67776 (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B45F72A0B6995C8645BC0EC482D97076	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4169570D72323C6527C4E7F2FA7705C9.text	4169570D72323C6527C4E7F2FA7705C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza osmorhizae Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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        <div>
            <p> Phytomyza osmorhizae Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 757-759</p>
            <p> Phytomyza osmorhizae Spencer, 1969: 261. Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 220. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.1-2.4 mm (♂), 2.5-2.6 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.6-3.3. Relatively stout-bodied. Fronto-orbital plate subshiny. First flagellomere narrow, not much higher than pedicel. Cheek narrow.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One or two ori (anterior seta no more than 1/2 length); one or two ors (posterior seta less than 2/3 length). Orbital setulae sparse. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in height anteriorly. Four irregular rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head light brown with antenna, ocellar tubercle, back of head, posterior margin of frons and posterolateral corner of frons around vertical setae dark brown; fronto-orbital plate with irregular dark brown pigment medially and posteriorly. Remainder of body mostly dark brown with light brownish pruinosity; fore knee yellowish, halter white and notopleuron and postpronotum slightly paler. Calypter margin and hairs brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 757-759) Hypandrium short, broadly rounded, basal arm gracile, with thinner narrow apical process, haired inner membrane, and small setose inner lobe. Basiphallus long and narrow with bases overlapping and partially fused; base of left sclerite with ventral arm. Hypophallus membranous with narrow rod-like lateral sclerites that terminate in a small, apically sclerotised and serrated plate that is ill-defined basally. Paraphallus band-like, extending from apex of basiphallus to ventromedial surface of mesophallus; mostly clear with irregular pigmentation. Mesophallus indistinguishable from distiphallus, clear and bulbous with ventromedial sclerotised patch. Distiphallus membranous, split into two relatively thick tubules that widen on distal 1/2; subapically with ill-defined pigmented band. Ejaculatory apodeme small and narrow with blade only slightly expanded; sperm pump with faint sclerotised patch.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON. USA: VA, WI.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Apiaceae -  Osmorhiza claytonia ,  O. longistylis (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. VA: Rosslyn, em. ex.  Osmorhiza longistylis in lab, xii.1922-i.1923 from larva, leg. 17.xi.1922, M.T. VanHorn (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. VA:  Chain Bridge , 23.iv.1922, J.R. Malloch (2♂, USNM),  Rosslyn , 17.xi.1923, larvae and pupae, ex.  Osmorhiza longistylis , iss. in laboratory xii.1922 - i.1923 (1♂ 4♀, USNM), M.T. VanHorn (1♀, USNM), Plummers Isl., R.C. Shannon, 23.iv.1914 (1♂, USNM), 8.iv.1914 (1♀, USNM), Fairfax Co., Dead Run, R.C. Shannon, 26.iii.1925 (1♂, USNM), 18.iv.1916 (1♂, USNM), 24.iii.1925 (1♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza osmorhizae , like many other  Phytomyza , is a small dark species that is unremarkable externally, although it has light brownish (not grey) pruinosity on the notum and a relatively dark frons. The phallus is most diagnostic, however, and should be examined for accurate identification. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4169570D72323C6527C4E7F2FA7705C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
7F9812348374E80A5608B60ABE55A4A8.text	7F9812348374E80A5608B60ABE55A4A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza persicae Frick 1954	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza persicae Frick</p>
            <p>Figs 811-813</p>
            <p> Phytomyza obscurella var. nigritella Zetterstedt. Misidentification. Frost 1924: 81. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza persicae Frick, 1954: 369. Spencer 1969: 266; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 211; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 81. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> Wing length 1.7-2.0 mm (♂), 1.8-2.2 (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.5-5.9. First flagellomere rounded, narrow, slightly shorter than high, not much higher than pedicel. Posterior ocelli separated by at least 3  × their width. Ocellar triangle indistinct. Cheek narrow. </p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One or two ori (anterior seta usually 1/2-length or smaller if present, but uncommonly up to 3/4 length); two ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae at least as long as fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in height anteriorly; only posterior seta large, with second from rear not more than 3/5 length. Three or four scattered rows of acrostichal setulae ending at level of posterior dorsocentral.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Setae brown to dark brown with pale shine (not black). Head light brown to greyish with antenna (sometimes only first flagellomere), fronto-orbital plate, palpus, clypeus and ventral margin of gena dark brown; gena and postgena (at least below cheek) sometimes slightly yellowish; dark brown spot on ocellar tubercle sometimes not much darker than surrounding frons, but sometimes clearly darker and sometimes much enlarged with posterior margin extending to base of vertical setae; posterolateral corner of frons sometimes noticeably darker to base of outer or inner vertical. Thorax with faint greyish pruinosity that is denser dorsally and also less clearly present on remainder of body; pruinosity sometimes appearing coppery postsuturally. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs brown. Legs mostly dark brown, apices of femora sometimes narrowly to more widely yellowish, tibiae sometimes slightly paler, at least apically on fore leg, and tarsi yellowish with apical segments darker. Abdomen brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 811-813) Inner lobe of hypandrium narrow and closely surrounding postgonite. Halves of basiphallus overlapping at base, but otherwise flat, parallel. Sclerites of hypophallus band-like, mostly parallel with apices slightly incurved. Paraphallus small, dark, band-like, directed dorsally to fuse to ventromedial margin of mesophallus. Mesophallus dark, subcylindrical and with slight medial constriction. Distiphallus entirely split, forming one pair of narrow and very elongate, looped arms; very dark, but apex paler with small, clear apical cup. Ejaculatory apodeme with dark, narrow stalk and broad fan-shaped blade.</p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Rosaceae -  Prunus . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: ON, NS*. USA: CT, MA, NY, OH, VA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. OH: Erie Co., 15.viii.1952, peach leaves, A.C. Dowdy (1♂[only head, one leg and puparium remaining], USNM).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>Canada. ON: Fonthill, 18.viii.1950, W.L. Putnam, peach leaf miner, CNC480131 (1♀, CNC), Vineland Sta., 20.vi.1951, W.L. Putnam, peach, CNC480122 (1♂, CNC), 21.vi.1951, CNC480124, CNC480129 (1♂,1♀, CNC), 23.vi.1951, CNC480125-480128 (4♀, CNC), 25.vi.1951, CNC480130 (1♀, CNC), 26.vi.1951, CNC480120, CNC480121, CNC480123 (3♂, CNC). USA. OH: Berlin Heights, v.1952 (10♂ 1♀ 1?, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. NS: CBHNt. Pk., Mackenzie Mtn., 400 m, birch and fir, 29.v.1984, B.E. Cooper, PG639848, CNC480132 (1♂, CNC), 7.vi.1984, CNC480134 (1♂, CNC), CBHNt. Pk.,  North Mt. , 400 m, 9.vi.1984, B.E. Cooper, PG767865, CNC480133 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. CT:  New haven,  “1717” , W.E. Britton, larva coll., 6.viii.1917, in peach leaf, emerged 1.vii.1918 (1?, USNM), MA: Hampshire Co.,  Southampton , 37  Middle Rd. , 18.x.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Prunus persica em. 21.iii.2014, #CSE1015, CNC384791 (1♂, CNC), OH:  Erie Co. , 15.viii.1952, peach leaves, A.C. Dowdy (1♀, USNM), Wayne Co., 1944, Weaver, peach leaf miner,  “6-5” ,  “6-16” (1♂ 1♀, USNM), VA: Winchester, 29.vii.1915, bred from peach foliage, quaintance No. 1481, E.B. Blakeslee (2♂ 1♀, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The long, dark, looped arm of the distiphallus is an unmistakable characteristic of  Phytomyza persicae , and should be examined to confidently differentiate it from similar species such as the  Ilex leaf miners, which are nearly identical externally. In Europe, the very similar P. heringiana Hendel occurs on apple (  Malus domestica ) (Papp and  Černý 2020: fig. 128). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F9812348374E80A5608B60ABE55A4A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
3987A8306A4522BCC0DB28815863A035.text	3987A8306A4522BCC0DB28815863A035.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy 1851	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy</p>
            <p>Figs 814-818</p>
            <p> Phytomyza Robinaldi Goureau, 1851: 142 ["Priority should  … be accorded to R.-D. but a submission to the I.C.Z.N. will be required under Article 79(c) (1) of the 1985 code" (Spencer and Martinez 1987)]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851: 404. Frost 1924: 82; Hendel 1935: 455; Frick 1959: 434; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 190;  Černý 2018: 132; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 88; Eiseman et al. 2019: 316; Papp and  Černý 2020: 515;  Černý et al. 2020: 218. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza genualis Loew, 1869: 52. Frick 1957 [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza crassiseta (Zetterstedt). Misidentification, in part. Melander 1913: 271. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza nannodes Hendel, 1935: 59. Spencer 1963a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza biseriata Hering, 1936: 77. Spencer 1963a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza plantaginicaulis Hering, 1944: 118. Spencer 1963a [synonymy]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.6-1.8 mm (♂), 1.9-2.3 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 1.5-2.9. Parafacial relatively pronounced when seen laterally; fronto-orbital plate slightly evident laterally, more so anteriorly; cheek evident, nearly 1/2 height of gena, continuing as ring around eye. First flagellomere well-developed, slightly longer than high with dorsal and ventral margins usually subparallel and anterodorsal margin more produced.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori; two ors. Acrostichal setulae absent or several setulae present in two rows anteriorly. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Posterior notopleural seta and additional medial presutural supra-alar absent.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head mostly whitish yellow with frons between fronto-orbital plates yellower; small brown spot surrounding ocellar tubercle; first flagellomere black, pedicel and sometimes scape brownish towards base; posterolateral corner of frons brown to base of inner vertical seta, but not extending far laterally along margin of eye, leaving most of border around eye yellow; back of head dark brown, often with ventral margin yellowish and one pair of yellow spots dorsally lateral to tubercle; clypeus light brown to yellowish or brown; palpus dark yellow to light brown. Thorax dark brown with dense grey pruinosity, pruinosity more faintly present on rest of body, but only evident on pigmented regions. Halter white. Calypter entirely white. Legs brown with fore coxa (excluding base) and apex of femora yellow; sometimes base of tibiae narrowly yellow, usually on fore leg. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 814-818) Hypandrium short, rounded and stout with shallow apical process and narrow inner lobe with one pair of medial setae. Postgonite broad with curved ventral subapical process and one medial seta. Phallophorus flanked by one pair of narrow membranous plates that are only sclerotised at pointed apex. Basiphallus divided into several sclerites, including one pair of long diverging bars, several smaller, irregular, thinner interlocking dorsomedial plates, and several minute medial spinulae. Paraphallus C-shaped, distal 1/2 parallel to distiphallus. Long apical section of duct pigmented. Mesophallus indistinct. Distiphallus short, tubular, angled ventrally, length 2  × width. Ejaculatory apodeme very short with base produced to one side. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Plantaginaceae -  Plantago spp. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Canada: BC*, ON, QC. USA: Widespread, including HI (Sasakawa 1964). Algeria (  Černý 2018). Bermuda*. Europe, Cyprus, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Russia, Israel, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Canary Islands, Azores, Egypt, Tunisia, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Taiwan, Thailand (Papp and  Černý 2020;  Černý and Merz 2006). Iran (Hazini et al. 2013). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Phytomyza biseriata ]: Germany. Near Berlin (♂♀, ZMHU). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Phytomyza genualis ]: USA. DC: "Loew coll.,  Phytomyza genualis m." (1♀, MCZ; type No. 13430). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Phytomyza nannodes ]: "Aus dem Jakutsk-Gebiet, Ost-Sibirien, aus Dyn-nan-yn, N.-Alashan, China und aus Japan, Misaki, Kiu-Shiu" (type data unknown, NMW). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Phytomyza plantaginicaulis ]: France. "La Baule, Loire inf." (♂♀, ZMHU). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Syntypes [  Phytomyza plantaginis ]: France [not given] ([type information not given], UMO?). [Not examined] </p>
            <p> Holotype [  Robinaldi ]: France. [not given] ([type information not given], UMO?). [Not examined] </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p> Australia. NSW: Bowral, 30.i.1961, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480142, CNC480145 (2♀, CNC). Bermuda. St. Georges, 28.i.1936, A.L. Melander (11♀, USNM). Canada. BC: Aiken, 12.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480160 (1♀, CNC). England. Busk[?], Slough, "14/6 em. 27/6/39", ex.  Plantago lanceolata , det. and coll. O.W. Richards (1♂, USNM), Berry Head, Brixham, 1.ix.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480173 (1♀, CNC), Devon, Newton Abbot, 22.vi.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480172 (1♀, CNC), Dor., Lyme Regis, 14.vi.1958, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480143 (1♀, CNC), Hampstead, 20.vi.1971, [K.A. Spencer], mine  Plantago major em. 25.vi.1971, CNC480146 (1♂, CNC), S Devon, Hope, 17.ix.1954, [K.A. Spencer],  Plantago major em. 11.x.1954, CNC480144 (1♀, CNC), Torquay, 17.vi.1960, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480166, CNC480168, CNC480169 (1♂ 2♀, CNC), 25.vi.1960, CNC480170 (1♀, CNC), 30.vi.1960, CNC480167, CNC480171 (1♂ 1♀, CNC). Germany. Junsternheida, M. Hering, 30.vi.1922,  Plantago major (1♂ 3♀, USNM), Berlin, 24.vi.1932, Hering,  Plantago major (1?, USNM). New Zealand. Bay of Plenty: Coromandel, 26.xii.1974, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480140, CNC480141 (2♀, CNC), Rotoura, 13.xii.1974, [K.A. Spencer], mine  Plantago , em. 16-20.xii.1974, CNC480137-480139 (3♀, CNC), Southland: Bluff, 24.i.1975, [K.A. Spencer], mine  Plantago , em. 1.ii.1975, CNC480136 (1♀, CNC). Spain. Canary Islands: Tenerife, San Andreas, 14.ii.1963, [K.A. Spencer], CNC480135 (1♀, CNC), Extremadura: 23.1 km SW Talarrubias, Dense Patch of Flowers in Short Grassland, 38°52'N, 5°23'W, 430 m, 4.vi.2008, J. and R. Skevington, CNC311345, CNC311349 (2♂, CNC), Extremadura: 4 km NW Guadelupe, Along Creek in Oak Forest, 39°28'N, 5°22'W, 1027 m, 5.vi.2008, J. and R. Skevington, CNC287132, CNC287136, CNC287139, CNC287150, CNC287152, CNC287154 (3♂ 3♀, CNC), Extremadura: 5.7 km WSW Navalvillar de Ibor, Wet Meadow in Oak Forest, 39°35'N, 5°21'W, 1026 m, 5.vi.2008, J.andR. Skevington, CNC286150, CNC286195, CNC286202, CNC286247, CNC286254, CNC286289, CNC286299-286301, CNC286303 (5♂ 5♀, CNC). USA. AR: Hot Springs, 17.v.1979, K.A. Spencer (3♀, USNM), CA: Ukiah, 7.ix.1941, R.M. Bohart, ex. lawn grass (1♀, USNM), DC: Potomac Pk., 18.iv.1913, R.C. Shannon (1♀, USNM), DE: Newark, 22.vi.1955 (1♀, UDCC), IN: Lafayette, 26.vii.1916, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM), Michigan City, 29.vi.1915 (4♀, USNM), GA: Pine Mt., 1mi N, 12.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480149 (1♀, CNC), KS: Lawrence, 23.v.1934, M.W. Sanderson (2♀, USNM), MA: Concord, 27.vii.1961, marshy pond, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), MD: Cabin john, 20.vi.1916, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM), Cabin John Bridge,  “vi-6” , J.M. Aldrich (9♀, USNM), Beltsville, 3.vii.1926, W.L. McAtee (1♀, USNM), Glen Echo, J.M. Aldrich [no date] (14♀, USNM), 28.v.1919 (4♀, USNM), 29.v.1919 (25♀, USNM), Montgomery Co., Chevy Chase, "Woodend", 7.vi.1975, G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), P.G. Co., Temple Hills 17.vii.1978, G.F. Hevel (1♀, USNM), Baltimore Co., Soldiers Delight, 3 km N Deer Park, 29.x.1986, W.E. Steiner, J.M. Swearington and J.M. Hill (1♀, USNM), MI: Isle Royale, 3-7.viii.1936, C. Sabrosky (1♂, USNM), E Lansing, 29.v.1937, C. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), NC: Franklin, 609 m, 10.vi.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480152-480154 (3♀, CNC), 8.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480155-480159 (5♀, CNC), Highlands, 14.vii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480148 (1♀, CNC), Highlands, 1158 m, 17.viii.1957, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480147 (1♂, CNC), Toxaway, 30.viii.1957, W.R. Richards, CNC480150, CNC480151 (2♀, CNC), NY: Pocantico Hills, 22.vi.1935, C.W. Sabrosky (1♀, USNM), Oswego Co., Pulaski, Hinman Rd., 30.viii.1997, sweep net, old field, 30.viii.1997 (1♀, UDCC). UT: Salt Lake, on  Plantago lanceolata , P.H. Timberlake, [various dates]. vi.1914 (8♀, USNM), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 5.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Blacksburg, 640 m, 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480161, CNC480163, CNC480164 (3♀, CNC), 29.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480162 (1♀, CNC), Giles Co., Mountain Lake, 975 m, 28.v.1962, J.G. Chillcott, CNC480165 (1♀, CNC), WA: Kamiac Butte, 1.vi.1912, J.M. Aldrich (1♀, USNM). No locality data:  Phyt. plantaginis ♂ det. Hendel (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The missing hind notopleural seta, not previously noted for  Phytomyza plantaginis , is highly diagnostic, and only otherwise found in North America in the Californian species  P. minutissima Spencer. The latter is slightly smaller with only one ors, the head is anterodorsally projecting, and the phallus is small and membranous. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3987A8306A4522BCC0DB28815863A035	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
79AC9E304FFF23D3C0722E6E62C734C5.text	79AC9E304FFF23D3C0722E6E62C734C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza pulchelloides Henshaw & Howse 1989	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza pulchelloides Henshaw &amp; Howse</p>
            <p>Figs 822-824</p>
            <p> Phytomyza pulchelloides Henshaw &amp; Howse, 1989: 84 [new name for  P. pulchella ]. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza pulchella Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 320 [junior homonym of  P. pulchella Spencer 1977: 228]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 3.2-3.7 mm (♂), 3.4-4.1 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.4-5.1. First flagellomere well-developed, slightly longer than high, apically rounded and with dorsal and ventral margins parallel in part. Ocelli forming equilateral triangle, ocellar triangle indistinct. Epistoma present, not exceptionally large with width 1/4-1/2 length. Parafacial and fronto-orbital plate produced towards anterodorsal margin of eye. Cheek narrow, elongate, not continuing along eye posteriorly.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Three or four ori; one ors. Ocellar and postocellar setae longer than fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentrals, decreasing in length anteriorly. Four rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head dark brown with first flagellomere darker, centre of frons and gena (excluding ventral margin) paler, but dark ocellar spot usually extending outside tubercle, labellum contrastingly yellow. Thorax dark brown with small paler spot medially on notopleuron and at anterior and posterior corner of postpronotum. Wing veins yellow basally to brownish apically. Halter white. Calypter entirely yellow. Legs dark brown with apices of femora yellow for distance equal to width of femur apex; base and apex of tibiae gradually light brown to yellowish. Abdomen brown to dark brown with posterior (and sometimes posterolateral) margin of tergites and laterobasal margin of epandrium yellowish.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 822-824) Hypandrium subtriangular to evenly rounded apically; inner lobe narrow and strongly bent medially with one seta at elbow; adjoining membrane haired. Postgonite narrow when viewed laterally, strongly flattened medially. Phallophorus flanked by one pair of long bars that are darker and pointed apically. Halves of basiphallus narrow with apical 1/3 expanded, plate-like; crossing basally, left sclerite with ventrobasal arm. Hypophallus with one pair of apically converging bars that are elongate, apically pointed, and flanking dark, upcurved medial V-shaped sclerite. Paraphallus absent. Duct pigmented apically. Mesophallus dark and cylindrical with rounded base, length 3  × width, fused via narrow band to distiphallus. Distiphallus divided into one pair of narrow dark tubules that are slightly outcurved apically, but are strongly curved dorsally on basal 2/3. Ejaculatory apodeme with short stalk and very broad, rounded apical blade; sperm pump with strong transverse sclerite. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: NY*, VA.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Likely  Ranunculaceae (Spencer and Steyskal 1986b). </p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. VA: Smyth Co., Mt. Rogers, 4700-5800 ft, 1.vi.1962, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Paratypes examined.</p>
            <p>USA. VA: Same collection as holotype, CNC480185-480187 (3♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>
                  USA. NY:  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.16/lat 38.966667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.966667">Ithaca</a>
                 , 17.v.1936, H.K. Townes, A.L. Melander (1♀, USNM), Bear Mtn., 31.v.1937, A.L. Melander (1♂ 1♀, USNM), VA: Fairfax Co.,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -77.16/lat 38.966667)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-77.16&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=38.966667">Turkey Run Park</a>
                 , 0.3 km W mouth Turkey Run, 38°58'N, 77°09.6'W, Malaise trap, river, 14-17.v.2006, D.R. Smith (1♂, USNM)  . 
            </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/79AC9E304FFF23D3C0722E6E62C734C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
F36B5E25A7D4ADE02B4D85B23C5733A9.text	F36B5E25A7D4ADE02B4D85B23C5733A9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza sehgali Spencer 1969	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza sehgali Spencer</p>
            <p>Figs 819-821</p>
            <p> Phytomyza sehgali Spencer, 1969: 274. Sehgal 1971: 376. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 2.2 mm (♂), 2.2-2.4 mm (♀). Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.0-3.8. First flagellomere rounded, distal hairs slightly longer, especially dorsally. Cheek narrow.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Two ori, anterior seta slightly shorter to 2/3 length; two ors, posterior seta slightly shorter. Ocellar seta slightly longer than fronto-orbitals, postocellar more so. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in height anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae in six rows.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body with slight brownish pruinosity that is slightly thicker dorsally on thorax. Head light brown with antenna, clypeus, palpus, back of head, ocellar tubercle, posterior margin of frons and fronto-orbital plate dark brown; face and gena paler, yellowish. Remainder of body dark brown, with apices of femora (more so on fore leg) yellowish, and notopleuron and postpronotum sometimes with slightly paler tint. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs light brown. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 819-821) Hypandrium well-developed, rounded apically; inner lobe bent at midpoint and with two apical setae. Postgonite strongly narrow in profile, flattened medially, with one seta. Basiphallus relatively short, dark, and well-sclerotised along dorsum, weaker with irregular margin ventrally; left sclerite with ventrobasal arm. Hypophallus with well-defined and sclerotised lateral margin, sometimes fused to pair of medial plates that are somewhat H-shaped and joined ventromedially. Base of mesophallus flanked by converging rod-like paraphalli. Mesophallus constricted and angled upwards at midpoint, narrower basally, apically widening to distiphallus, with ventral suture. Distiphallus divided into one pair of narrow, shallowly sinuate tubules. Ejaculatory apodeme with short, ill-defined stem and narrow blade with clear margin; sperm pump clear with transverse sclerotised band.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p> Unknown - reared from  “thimbleweed” (possibly  Anemone sp.,  Ranunculaceae ) and  “thimbleberry” (possibly  Rubus parviflorus Nutt.,  Rosaceae ). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: AB. USA: MD*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: Canada. AB: Edmonton, Whitemud Ck., 23.vi.1966, K.A. Spencer (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  USA. MD:  Elkton , 86-23, DFB, em. 1.v.1987, x Thimbleweed (1♂, UDCC), x Thimbleberry (2♀, UDCC)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p>The Maryland material examined here greatly extends he known distribution of this species, which is known for the first time in the United States.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F36B5E25A7D4ADE02B4D85B23C5733A9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
0D70DD13D5305DFF4088D326B48C77F1.text	0D70DD13D5305DFF4088D326B48C77F1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza verticillatae Kulp 1968	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza verticillatae Kulp</p>
            <p>Figs 796-799</p>
            <p> Phytomyza verticillatae Kulp, 1968: 25. Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 123; Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 214; Griffiths and Piercey-Normore 1995: 23; Scheffer and Wiegmann 2000: 249; Lonsdale and Scheffer 2011: 1201; Scheffer et al. 2021: 62. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows: </p>
            <p>Wing length 1.5-1.9 mm (♂), 1.7-2.0 mm (♀). Eye height divided by gena height: 4.3-6.0.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Anterior ori minute. Four to five scattered rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Parafacial and side of face dark grey, centre of face yellowish. Posterolateral margin of frons dark to base of inner vertical seta; dark spot sometimes extending along eye margin to level of posterior ori and occasionally extending from margin to surround base of all fronto-orbitals. Legs slightly whitish with mid tibia sometimes paler.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 796-799) Surstylus short and tapered. Epandrial process relatively broad. Sclerite of hypophallus ill-defined, darkest near leading margin, but entire lateral and ventral surface of hypophallus lightly sclerotised to form an irregular cup. Paraphalli narrow, curved, diverging. Mesophallus ~ 11  × longer than wide at midpoint, apex broader, clearer, and U-shaped. Arms of distiphallus broadly separate, weakly diverging, and not much more than 1/2 length of mesophallus. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex verticillata ,  I. mucronata . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: AL, DC, FL, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, NY, PA, TN, TX, VA, WV.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. DC: Washington, 6.vii.1964, L.A. Kulp, Type No. 67428 (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>See Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011).</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D70DD13D5305DFF4088D326B48C77F1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
4B34F49783181278291C24E652EE47CD.text	4B34F49783181278291C24E652EE47CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza vockerothi Winkler 2009	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza vockerothi Winkler</p>
            <p>Figs 825-827</p>
            <p> Chromatomyia nigrella Spencer in Spencer and Steyskal 1986b: 328. </p>
            <p> Phytomyza vockerothi Winkler in Winkler et al. 2009: 289 [replacement name for  Chromatomyia nigrella Spencer - secondary homonym of  Chromatomyia nigrella Hendel]. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.7-2.0 mm (♂). Female unknown. Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.8-3.1. First flagellomere small and rounded, not much higher than scape; hairs along anterodorsal margin slightly longer. Gena strongly narrowing anteriorly; cheek narrow, weakly continuing along posterior margin of eye.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One or two ori; one or two ors (posterior ors no more than 4/5 length of anterior ors, but both ors subequal on one side of frons in holotype); two ori and two ors only seen together in holotype, where anterior ori 1/2-length on one side and absent on other. Ocellar and postocellar setae subequal to fronto-orbitals. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, decreasing in height anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae in four scattered rows anteriorly; Spencer and Steyskal (1986b) notes 2 rows, possibly in unexamined paratype. Intra-alar setulae reduced in number.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Body mostly dark brown; frons, sometimes including fronto-orbital plate, paler; palpus, ventral margin of gena, first flagellomere and ocellar tubercle darker; halter white; postpronotum and notopleuron with faint yellow tint or mottling; apices of femora yellow, fore tibia sometimes paler with base faintly yellow. Notum subshiny. Calypter hairs light brown, margin paler.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: (Figs 825-827) Hypandrium subtriangular in outline, inner lobe sometimes with setae. Postgonite well-developed with one seta. Phallophorus flanked by one pair of small bands. Halves of basiphallus relatively broad, flat, situated roof-like dorsally; left sclerite with ventrobasal process. Hypophallus small, directed apically, composed of one pair of small, pale, converging finger-like sclerites; holotype with sclerites more parallel and with small, faint medial sclerotised line. Paraphallus similar to sclerite of hypophallus but thicker, converging below distiphallus. Mesophallus not evident. Distiphallus ill-defined, linear with two lightly sclerotised to membranous strips. Ejaculatory apodeme small and dark with apex barely widened.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada: NS*. USA: MD*, NC, VA*, WV*.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. NC: Macon Co., Highlands, 3800ft, 8.v.1957, J.R. Vockeroth (1♂, CNC).</p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. NS:  Mount Uniacke , 5.viii.1958, J.R. Vockeroth, CNC480188 (1♂, CNC)  .   USA. MD:  Colesville , 4.vi.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♂, USNM), VA: Shenandoah, Big Meadows, 2.vii.1939, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Giles Co.,  Mtn. lake , 9.ix.1970, G. Steyskal (2♂, USNM), WV:  Parkersburg , 21.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (2♂, USNM),  Ritchie Co. , North Bend St. Pk., 23.vi.1970, G. Steyskal (2♂, USNM)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza vockerothi is relatively difficult to diagnose externally, being similar to many other small, dark congeners, but the phallus is unmistakable. There is one pair of narrow sclerites on the hypophallus and one pair of similarly narrow paraphalli converging in front of a very pale, linear distiphallus. It is here recorded in Canada for the first time. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4B34F49783181278291C24E652EE47CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
98FB854231611151C2C751A0618368FB.text	98FB854231611151C2C751A0618368FB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza wiggii Lonsdale & Scheffer	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza wiggii Lonsdale &amp; Scheffer</p>
            <p>Figs 800, 801</p>
            <p> Phytomyza wiggii Lonsdale &amp; Scheffer, 2011: 1204. Scheffer et al. 2021: 62. </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p> As described for  P. ilicicola except as follows: </p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8-2.5 mm (♂), 2.1-2.6 mm (♀). Eye height divided by gena height: 5.3-6.0.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: Anterior ori 1/2 length of posterior ori. Four to five scattered rows of acrostichal setulae.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Face yellowish centrally and dark grey laterally. Posterolateral corner of frons and fronto-orbital plate dark, excluding paler anterior and inner-anterior margins. Notum sometimes with faint to distinct yellowish spots on anterior and posterior margins of anepisternum. Legs brown with tibiae and tarsi paler or with yellowish to white mottling, particularly on fore and mid legs.</p>
            <p> Genitalia: (Figs 799-801) Surstylus broadly rounded, short. Epandrial process short, slightly downturned. Lateral sclerite of hypophallus narrow on basal 1/2, broader distal 1/2. Paraphallus small, lobate, and curved laterally. Mesophallus ~ 6  × longer than width at midpoint. Arms of distiphallus separate, narrow, and subparallel on basal 1/2. </p>
            <p>Hosts.</p>
            <p> Aquifoliaceae -  Ilex verticillata ,  I. mucronata ,  I. longipes (Scheffer et al. 2021). </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Canada. ON*. USA: GA, MA, MD, ME, NC, NY, PA.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p> Holotype: USA. PA: Dauphin Co., behind rest area on southbound I-81, 11.x1999, coll. S.J. Scheffer, ex  Ilex verticillata (1♂, USNM). </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Canada. ON: [Ottawa],  Constance Bay , Freeman and Lewis,  Ilex verticillata , see also leaf mines colln., em, 28.ii.1957, 56-205, CNC480189-480195 (2♂ 4♀ 5 puparia [gel capsule], CNC)  .   USA. MA: Berkshire Co.,  Savoy , 1.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Ilex verticillata , em. 14-24.vi.2013, #CSE561, CNC392711, CNC392712 (1♂ 1 ex, CNC),  Franklin Co. , Northfield,  Crag Mountain , 16.x.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Ilex mucronata , em. 11.iii.2014, #CSE998, CNC384759-384777 (10♂ 9♀, CNC),  Hampshire Co. , Cummington, 18.v.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex  Ilex verticillata , em. 1.vi.2013, #CSE549, CNC392689-392700 (6♂ 6♀, CNC),  Nantucket Co. , State Forest, 10.vi.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex.  Ilex verticillata , em. 16.vi.2013, #CSE565, CNC384810 (1♂, CNC). Also see Lonsdale and Scheffer (2011)  . </p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> Phytomyza wiggii is here recorded for the first time in Canada. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/98FB854231611151C2C751A0618368FB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
1C9DC15644DCBB91C48C50A2B1BECA1F.text	1C9DC15644DCBB91C48C50A2B1BECA1F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phytomyza winkleri Lonsdale 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Phytomyza winkleri sp. nov.</p>
            <p>Figs 828-832</p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Wing length 1.8 mm (♂). Female unknown. Vein dm-m absent. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.7. First flagellomere relatively large, 1/3 height of eye, slightly longer than high, hairs along distal margin slightly longer. Ocellar triangle not much larger than tubercle and rounded. Parafacial projecting, slightly narrower than cheek; fronto-orbital plate slightly projecting medially, becoming more pronounced anteriorly.</p>
            <p>Chaetotaxy: One ori; two ors; all subequal. Ocellar seta slightly longer than fronto-orbitals, postocellar more so. Few orbital setulae. Four dorsocentrals, one presutural, slightly decreasing in height anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae irregular and few, variably appearing in two to four rows around and slightly posterior to suture. Few intra-alar setulae around suture.</p>
            <p>Colouration: Head partially yellow, with antenna black, back of head, ocellar triangle (barely larger than tubercle) and ventral margin of gena dark brown; palpus and clypeus brown; posterolateral corner of frons dark brown to base of inner vertical seta, dark spot continuing anteriorly along fronto-orbital plate to disappear between bases of ors. Thorax dark brown with grey pruinosity that is denser dorsally; pruinosity also seen more thinly across remainder of body, especially along dark lateral regions of frons. Halter white. Calypter margin and hairs brownish. Legs mostly dark brown; coxae brownish, fore coxa dark towards base; apex of femora and bases of tibiae yellow. Abdomen dark brown.</p>
            <p>Genitalia: Epandrium shallow, long setose posteriorly, completely fused to small surstylus. Postgonite broad and flat with large distoventral lobe and fused to hypandrium. Dorsal margin of phallophorus fused to single apically split basiphallus. Paraphallus originating slightly beyond apices of basiphallus, converging and becoming more plate-like apically; broken medially. Mesophallus not evident. Distiphallus pale and cylindrical, narrower at base, dark apically and weakly pigmented dorsally. Ejaculatory apodeme with small pale blade and broad base.</p>
            <p>Host.</p>
            <p>Unknown.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>USA: MD.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>The specific epithet recognises the collector of the holotype, I. Winkler, who provided the specimen to the author after recognising it to be an undescribed species.</p>
            <p>Type material.</p>
            <p>Holotype: USA. MD: Montgomery Co., Pautuxent State Park, below Brighton dam, W. of Columbia, 39°11.39'N, 77°0.29'W, 8.v.2005 IS Winkler (1♂, USNM).</p>
            <p>Comments.</p>
            <p> The phallus of  Phytomyza winkleri superficially suggests a close association to species of the  subgenus Napomyza , but unlike many members of this subgenus, vein dm-m is absent, making it more similar in appearance to other  Phytomyza s. s. While its position within the genus is still unclear, a relationship to  P. avicursa is suggested in the structure of the hypandrial complex, mostly in the dorsal position of the split basiphallus and the long perpendicular paraphallus. Both are further characterised by a dark, grey pruinose notum, dark legs with yellowish knees, a black antenna with the first flagellomere relatively large and one ori (two present on one side in the  P. avicursa type). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C9DC15644DCBB91C48C50A2B1BECA1F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Lonsdale, Owen	Lonsdale, Owen (2021): Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states. ZooKeys 1051: 1-481, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603
