identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AC87CA4D43FFCA43B4CB523D2CF9D1.text	03AC87CA4D43FFCA43B4CB523D2CF9D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell 1919	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Subgenus  Deranchylaeus Bridwell, 1919</p>
            <p> Hylaeus subgenus  Deranchylaeus Bridwell, 1919: 136–137 . Type species:  Prosopis curvicarinata Cameron, 1905 by original designation.— Sandhouse 1943: 544; Snelling 1985: 6–8; Michener 1997: 19; Michener 2000: 193, 195; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 26. </p>
            <p>Characters</p>
            <p>(1) Small to middle-sized species (TL 4.0– 6.5 mm), with integument frequently coarsely punctate.</p>
            <p>(2) Supraclypeal area usually bounded laterally by two fine outwardly curved carinae.</p>
            <p>(3) Pronotum broadened, mostly laterally expanded, often carinate in front and with lateral edges pointed.</p>
            <p>(4) S7 of the male with four apical lobi, the distal ones without setae, the proximal ones often with a row of setae, lamellae or teeth; S8 has mainly a blunt apical process. The basic pattern of the typical curvicarinata-group is shown in Figs 5–7: distal lobi of S7 are formed as small flags, the proximal ones each with a largely marginal row of coarse setae.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D43FFCA43B4CB523D2CF9D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D4BFFDD43B4C99839F4F8CA.text	03AC87CA4D4BFFDD43B4C99839F4F8CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell 1919	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> 6. Identification keys to species of the subgenus H. (  Deranchylaeus ) </p>
            <p>Key features for quick use of the key have been inserted with an arrow and in italics.</p>
            <p>Males</p>
            <p>1 Large robust species, 5.0– 6.5 mm TL; metasoma compact, broad at base, outline oval; integument strongly and densely punctate; face with white spots........................................................................ 2</p>
            <p>– Small dainty species, 3.0–5.0 mm TL; metasoma usually elongated and narrow, spindle-shaped in outline; if TL longer, metasoma finely shagreen and/or face all black........................................................... 5</p>
            <p>► Larger species</p>
            <p>2 Face with normal outline, lower part slightly concave; mask yellow or white; clypeus convex; T1 strongly and densely punctate, almost without space between punctures; punctation only on margin of tergite fine; sterna flat.............. 3</p>
            <p> – Face broad and flat, outline converging in a straight line below (Fig. 70); mask ivory white; clypeus with shallow longitudinal impression; T1 densely punctate, intervals narrow (about 0.5 to 1 puncture diameter), surface finely netted, silky shining (Fig. 71); sterna 3 and 4 with paired cusps.—Scapi asymmetrically oval, barely expanded, matt.........  dregei (Strand)</p>
            <p> 3 Scapi apically flattened, the expansion smooth and shiny; integument of T1 smooth, shiny (Figs 91, 92).................................................................................................  krebsianus (Strand)</p>
            <p>– Scapi not flattened, spindle-shaped, slightly shiny......................................................... 4</p>
            <p> 4 Integument of T1 shagreen, matt (Fig. 86); pronotum slightly expanded forward, black.............  haygoodi Bridwell</p>
            <p> – Integument of T1 finely striate, shiny (Fig. 132); pronotum narrow, with white lines.—Smaller specimens may run to (7).................................................................................  rugipunctus (Alfken)</p>
            <p>► Small species</p>
            <p>5 T1 with strong, dense punctation. Integument often smooth and shiny; when shagreen, then punctation very dense, interpuncture distances up to a maximum of one puncture diameter............................................... 6</p>
            <p>– T1 impunctate or with fine or medium, but scattered punctation on shagreen surface; intervals exceeding one puncture diameter......................................................................................... 12</p>
            <p>► T1 strongly punctate</p>
            <p> 6 T1 and T2 extremely coarse and densely punctate; surface smooth and very shiny (Fig. 47); margins with narrow white, felty bands; scapi small, slender (Fig. 46)....................................................  alfkeni (Friese)</p>
            <p>– T1 strongly and densely punctate, but punctures much smaller; T2 something more finely punctate, surface smooth or finely shagreen, margins usually without distinct bands; scapi slender, cylindrical or conical............................ 7</p>
            <p> 7 T1 strongly and contiguously punctate, with virtually no interspaces; punctation of terga margins finer (Fig. 132); punctation of T1 and mesonotum similar; face wide, with light yellow mask, supraclypeal area often black (Fig. 131).........................................................................................  rugipunctus (Alfken)</p>
            <p>– T1 scattered punctate, interspaces of at least half a puncture diameter; punctation of T1 smaller than on mesonotum; face often prolonged, mask yellow or white, mostly with bright supraclypeal area................................... 8</p>
            <p>8 T1 with intervals smooth and shiny; punctation strong and very dense (Figs 67, 82).—Face round; scapi black, labrum and mandibles dark.................................................................................... 9</p>
            <p>– T1 with intervals shagreen and silky shining; punctation mostly dense, but finer (Figs 52, 96, 98).................. 10</p>
            <p> 9 Frons with projecting white hairs (Fig. 81); mask white; side spots wider above, more or less blunt; posterior margin of mesonotum with white tomentose fringe; T1 apically with white lateral fringes......................  gessianus sp. n.</p>
            <p> – Frons without projecting white hairs (Fig. 66); mask light yellow; side spots narrow above, often acute; posterior margin of mesonotum without tomentose fringe; T1 apically without distinct lateral fringes...........  curvicarinatus (Cameron)</p>
            <p> 10 Scapi apically expanded and flattened; labrum, mandibles and scapi black; mask yellowish-white; supraclypeal area narrow, clypeus long (Fig. 97); propodeum rounded; punctation of T1 very fine and very dense, intervals narrow................................................................................................  lightfooti Bridwell</p>
            <p>– Scapi conical, small, often each with a wide white stripe, labrum and mandibles pale; supraclypeal area and clypeus of normal proportions (Figs 52, 96); propodeum with sharp lateral edges; punctation of T1 coarser and scattered, with distinct shagreen intervals.................................................................................... 11</p>
            <p> 11 Mask yellowish white; scapi with broad white stripe; labrum and mandibles white; mesonotum coarse punctate; slightly smaller species, 4.5 mm TL...........................................................  leucolippus (Friese)</p>
            <p> – Mask yellow; scapi black; anterior margin of clypeus, labrum and mandibles light brown; mesonotum finer punctate; larger species, 5.5 mm TL.....................................................................  bernhardi sp. n.</p>
            <p>► T1 finely punctate</p>
            <p> 12 Thorax coarsely punctate, with shallowly impressed pits particularly on pleurae; pronotum lateral edges pointed; terminal area of propodeum with sharp margins around (see Fig. 3); mask yellow......................  xanthostoma (Alfken)</p>
            <p>– Thorax normally punctate; pronotum edged or rounded; terminal area of propodeum with or without sharp lateral margins ................................................................................................ 13</p>
            <p> 13 Legs entirely pale from trochanters, basal antennal segments light yellow (Fig. 144)...................  venustus sp. n.</p>
            <p>– Legs and antennae partially or completely black......................................................... 14</p>
            <p>14 Scapi expanded, apically wider than following antennal segments........................................... 15</p>
            <p>– Scapi slender, apically not wider than following antennal segments.......................................... 24</p>
            <p>► Scapi expanded</p>
            <p> 15 Scapi spherically expanded, shiny (Fig. 120); head with deviating form: frons retreating, supraclypeal area very narrow and protruding; face without mask, as in whole animal entirely black, at most with small short pale lines at the orbits............................................................................................  perater Cockerell</p>
            <p>– Scapi conically expanded, silky shining, with fine punctation; mask present................................... 16</p>
            <p>16 Mask complete; upper border of mask cross-truncated below antennal bases; supraclypeal area narrow, its baseline only about half as wide as distance from compound eye; clypeus long (CL:CW 1.7–1.8)............................. 17</p>
            <p>– Mask reduced, not forming a line above; supraclypeal area and often clypeus black above; baseline of supraclypeal area slightly wider than half distance from compound eye; clypeus mostly shorter (CL:CW 1.6–1.7).................... 18</p>
            <p> 17 Mask lemon yellow, upper edge forming a flat bow (Fig. 128).............................  robertianus (Cameron)</p>
            <p> – Mask white, upper margin almost horizontally running in jagged line (Fig. 110).....................  oromialis sp. n.</p>
            <p> 18 Side spots fill paraocular area, above expanded inwardly, encompassing antennal bases (Fig. 78).—Scapi matt apically; propodeum central furrow deeply notched; T1 very shallow and scattered punctate (Fig. 79)........  gabonicus (Vachal)</p>
            <p>– Side spots either filling paraocular area or narrow, but above not expanded inwardly, usually pointed to orbits........ 19</p>
            <p>19 Mask reduced to bright parts of clypeus and mostly narrow side spots; legs entirely black.—S7 see Figs 16, 17 (left)... 20</p>
            <p>– Mask usually with side spots filling paraocular area, supraclypeal area may be black; legs with white............... 21</p>
            <p> 20 Larger species, about 5.5 mm TL, with characteristic mask (Fig. 140); gonoforcipes rounded at end (Fig. 16, right)........................................................................................  tinctulus Cockerell</p>
            <p> – Smaller species, about 5.0 mm TL, mask with white clypeal centre-spot and narrow paraocular stripes at lower areas (Fig. 54); gonoforcipes expanded, long and narrow at end (Fig. 17, right)............................  camerunensis sp. n.</p>
            <p> 21 Scapi small, apically only slightly expanded; supraclypeal area black or yellowish white like mask; T1 finely punctate (Figs 104, 105)......................................................................  melanosoma (Cockerell)</p>
            <p>– Scapi larger, stronger expanded; supraclypeal area black, mask white or yellow; punctation on T1 hardly visible...... 22</p>
            <p> 22 Scapi bubble-like expanded, shiny (Fig. 116); distal lobi of S7 prolonged (Fig. 21), sometimes visible in anal slit................................................................................................  paulyi sp. n.</p>
            <p>– Scapi conically expanded, matt; distal lobi of S7 short or prolonged, not visible in anal slit....................... 23</p>
            <p> 23 Mask yellow; proximal lobi of S7 short, with tooth (Fig. 18).....................................  chimani sp. n.</p>
            <p> – Mask white or pale yellow; proximal lobi of S7 prolonged, without tooth (Fig. 22)....................  eardleyi sp. n.</p>
            <p>► Scapi not expanded</p>
            <p>24 Labrum and mandibles dark; scapi black, supraclypeal area often black....................................... 25</p>
            <p> – Labrum, mandibles and supraclypeal area bright; scapi apically usually pale, supraclypeal area never black (Fig. 124).................................................................................  promontorii Meade-Waldo</p>
            <p> 25 T1 with fine and scattered punctation, intervals 2–3 puncture diameters; end margin of T2 hardly depressed; pronotum black, blade-like anteriorly...............................................................  tenuis (Alfken)</p>
            <p> – T1 a little more strongly and densely punctate, intervals 0.5–1 puncture diameters; end margin of T2 depressed; pronotum with a yellow stripe, frontally not lamellate.—Gonoforcipes with stylus-like extensions (Fig. 27, right), sometimes protruding from anal slit.....................................................................  capicola (Alfken)</p>
            <p>Females</p>
            <p>1 Clypeus convex or flat in front, without impression........................................................ 2</p>
            <p>– Clypeus strongly incurved ventrolateralally, with subapical impression usually smooth (Fig. 44, 45)................ 22</p>
            <p>2 T1 with distinct, often dense punctation, integument usually smooth and shiny.................................. 3</p>
            <p>– T1 impunctate or with fine, scattered punctation on shagreen surface......................................... 11</p>
            <p>► T1 strongly punctate</p>
            <p>3 T2 with only slightly finer punctation than T1; integument smooth and shining.................................. 4</p>
            <p>– T2 either with clearly finer punctation than T1 or integument not smooth...................................... 6</p>
            <p> 4 Punctures on T1 and T2 strikingly large (Fig. 49); paraocular area with small white spots at orbits near foveae................................................................................................  alfkeni (Friese)</p>
            <p>– Punctures on T1 and T2 significantly smaller (Figs 69, 85, 135); paraocular area with long, narrow white stripes at orbits 5</p>
            <p> 5 Pronotum and clypeus black; smaller species, about 5 mm TL; punctation on T1 throughout about equal in size, towards middle margin hardly finer (Fig. 85); posterior margins of pronotum, mesonotum and T1 and T2 with white felt stripes........................................................................................  gessianus sp. n.</p>
            <p> – Pronotum with white stripe, clypeus black, occasionally with white apical spot; larger species, about 6 mm TL; punctation on T1 strong partially decreasing, towards middle of posterior margin moderate (Fig. 135); T1 with large white lateral fringes, T2 with interrupted white terminal band.........................................  rugipunctus (Alfken)</p>
            <p>6 Propodeum rounded; medial area at end margin without sharp edge; face black or with stripes...................... 7</p>
            <p> – Propodeum with sharp lateral edges; medial area clearly marked; paraocular areas with small white spots above orbits.—Pronotum black.........................................................  curvicarinatus (Cameron)</p>
            <p>7 Face bulging medially, all black; T1 and T2 finely and very densely punctate, surface shagreen and matt; body entirely black ................................................................................................. 8</p>
            <p>– Face in middle normal or flat, with pale stripes; T1 and T2 with more coarse, scattered punctation, surfaces shiny; body black or with white marks............................................................................ 9</p>
            <p> 8 Larger species, 7–8 mm TL; pronotum striped white in front.....................................  pamelae sp. n.</p>
            <p> – Smaller species, 5–6 mm TL; pronotum black...............................................  perater Cockerell</p>
            <p> 9 Pronotum black; propodeum with surface of terminal area punctate, shining (Fig. 33).—Paraocular area with white stripes at orbits, clypeus often with spot (Fig. 94)..................................................  krebsianus (Strand)</p>
            <p>– Pronotum with white or yellow stripe; propodeum with surface of terminal areas finely shagreen, matt (Fig. 34), at most lateral areas with punctation........................................................................... 10</p>
            <p> 10 Pronotum with white line(s); face with three yellow stripes: on paraocular area adjacent to orbits and in middle of clypeus (Fig. 64); mesonotum sparsely punctate, shining...........................................  claviger (Cockerell)</p>
            <p> – Pronotum with yellowish line; face with two sometimes abridged stripes on lower facial area at orbits; clypeus black (Fig. 108); mesonotum densely punctate, matt......................................................  nottoni sp. n.</p>
            <p>► T1 finely punctate</p>
            <p> 11 Lower part of face yellowish-red, at least parts of clypeus, but usually also mandibles, labrum, malae and lower orbits (Fig. 148).—T1 and T2 normally very finely shagreen, its minute punctures hardly recognizable (Fig. 149)  xanthostoma (Alfken)</p>
            <p>– Face with white or light yellow marks or completely black................................................. 12</p>
            <p> 12 Face with three lemon-yellow lines along orbits and on clypeus, with yellow stripe on pronotum and spots on calli and tegulae; punctures of mesonotum large and dense, but shallow (Fig. 35)............................  capicola (Alfken)</p>
            <p>– Face with only small bright spots, short or narrow stripes or all black; punctures of mesonotum deeper.............. 13</p>
            <p>13 Propodeum terminal area circumscribed by a carina, especially with distinct oblique edge between lateral and terminal areae (Fig. 3).......................................................................................... 14</p>
            <p>– Propodeum terminal area sharply edged only ventrolaterally, lateral areae behind without edge.................... 15</p>
            <p> 14 Anterior margin of pronotum sharp; face with trapezoidal outline, orbits with small comma-shaped spots; clypeus with larger shallow punctures (Fig. 36).........................................................  tenuis (Alfken)</p>
            <p> – Anterior margin of pronotum edged or rounded, not sharp; face with round outline, side spots very small; clypeus with small, sharply bound punctures (Fig. 37)...........................................  promontorii Meade-Waldo</p>
            <p>15 Clypeus vaguely punctate; with shallow punctation, which especially apically seem to open below and fade into sculpture (Figs 38, 39)..................................................................................... 16</p>
            <p>– Clypeus clearer punctate, with defined punctation, around clearly separated from sculpture....................... 17</p>
            <p> 16 Mesopleurae below scrobal groove with angulate front margin; pronotum at sides edged, not beveled down; face black.....................................................................................  camerunensis sp. n.</p>
            <p> – Mesopleurae with front margins edged only; pronotum sloping down laterally; face with narrow white paraocular stripes.........................................................................................  paulyi sp. n.</p>
            <p>17 Clypeus shagreen and shallowly punctate; face usually black, rarely with small yellowish white spots or dashed lines.. 18</p>
            <p>– Clypeus with fine but clearly demarcated punctation; face often with paraocular stripes.......................... 19</p>
            <p> 18 Clypeus in front slightly expanded and bent up (Fig. 40); supraclypeal area narrowed above, frons punctate adjacent to frontal line; terminal area of propodeum laterally with sharp edges, which merge with lower edges of lateral areas.............................................................................................  tinctulus Cockerell</p>
            <p> – Clypeus in front expanded but not bent up (Fig. 41); supraclypeal area wider above, frons adjacent to frontal line striated; terminal area of propodeum ventrolaterally with a short sharp edge, not merging into lower edges of lateral areas.....................................................................................  melanosoma (Cockerell)</p>
            <p>19 Lateral extensions of pronotum horizontally, rectangular projecting.......................................... 20</p>
            <p> – Lateral extensions of pronotum sloping, sides inclined down....................................  oromialis sp. n.</p>
            <p> 20 Clypeus convex, densely and strong punctate; paraocular stripes narrow, but can be expanded inwards; clypeus sometimes with spot at front edge................................................................  gabonicus (Vachal)</p>
            <p>– Clypeus flat, punctation finely dispersed in predominant shagreen; paraocular stripes reduced to small patches........ 21</p>
            <p> 21 Pronotum sides nearly right angled (Fig. 42); clypeus apically without smooth margin; median furrow of supraclypeal area only in upper part of edged bulge distinct.....................................................  eardleyi sp. n.</p>
            <p> – Pronotum sides obtuse angled (Fig. 43); clypeus apically with narrow smooth margin; median furrow of supraclypeal area reaching into front region of bulge...................................................  robertianus (Cameron)</p>
            <p>► Clypeus with impression</p>
            <p>22 Impression of clypeus expanded upwards, not definitely limited above; larger species; face markings different; pronotum with white lines or black............................................................................ 23</p>
            <p>– Impression of clypeus transversely oval, limited above; smaller species; paraocular area with mostly short white stripes at orbits; pronotum black............................................................................. 25</p>
            <p> 23 Impression of clypeus shagreen and punctate, lacklustre, without tubercle in middle; large completely black species.........................................................................................  amharicus sp. n.</p>
            <p>– Impression of clypeus finely shagreen, impunctate, shining, with tubercle in middle; smaller species with at least tegulae and paraocular spots pale........................................................................... 24</p>
            <p> 24 Paraocular area with long white stripes at orbits; pronotum with interrupted white line; outline of head round; T1 finely punctate, intervals shagreen, silky shining (Fig. 73).............................................  dregei (Strand)</p>
            <p> – Paraocular area with short white comma-shaped spots at orbits above; pronotum black; head outline trapezoidal; T1 stronger punctate, intervals smooth and shining (Fig. 91)..............................................  izikosalis sp. n.</p>
            <p> 25 T2 with distinct punctation by end margin, integument smooth and shiny; paraocular spots prolonged, almost to middle of clypeus (Fig. 102)...................................................................  lineaticeps (Friese)</p>
            <p>– T2 on posterior third impunctate or punctures disappear more or less in shagreen sculpture; paraocular spots usually short comma-shaped only (Figs 88, 100).................................................................... 26</p>
            <p> 26 Larger, more robust species of 6–7 mm TL; punctation of T1 coarse and contiguous, integument matt (Fig. 89); clypeus not subtuberculate above impression (Figs 44, 88)..............................................  haygoodi Bridwell</p>
            <p> – Smaller species below 6 mm TL; punctation of T1 strong but not coarse (Fig. 101), integument silky shining; clypeus medially subtuberculate above impression (Figs 45, 100).........................................  lightfooti Bridwell</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D4BFFDD43B4C99839F4F8CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D53FFD443B4CB673835FDD8.text	03AC87CA4D53FFD443B4CB673835FDD8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) alfkeni (Friese 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) alfkeni (Friese, 1913)</p>
            <p>Figures 8, 46–49</p>
            <p> Prosopis alfkeni Friese, 1913a: 35 : 583 –584. 2 ♂, Rhodesia [Zimbabwe]: Bulawayo. Syntypes ♂ MNHU Berlin. Lectotypus and paralectotypus designated here, with label " Bulawayo Rhodesia 28 IX 1912 G. Arnold". One female with the same data, det. Alfken, is not mentioned in the original publication, thus excluded from the type series.— Friese 1913b: 574; Alfken 1914: 194–195; Friese 1916: 417, 422–424. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus alfkeni (Friese) : Cockerell 1942: 2, 13; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 26 –27. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) alfkeni (Friese) : Bridwell 1919: 139; Snelling 1985: 8. Rasmussen &amp; Ascher 2008: 23. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a small dainty species with conspicuously coarse, dense punctation; very coarse to subcoarse on the mesosoma and metasoma. The only species in this subgenus that has this unique feature. It also has white patches or bands of tomentum on the posterior edge of the pronotum, the scutellum, the sides of the propodeum and the first two terga.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.0–4.9 (4.50) mm, WL 3.0–3.6 (3.16) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.01, UFW:LFW 1.68; outline prolonged trapezoid. Scapi black, small, cylindrical, not wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.87. Mask white, complete; clypeus CL:CW 1.51, silk glossy, punctation rugose. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact, narrowing towards posterior end; pilosity sparse, short. Tegulae each with a bright spot. Pronotum black, slightly expanded forward, narrow, with sharp anterior edge, dorsolateral angles acute. Mesonotum and scutellum shiny, punctation very coarse, subcontiguous. Legs black with bright patches on bases of tibiae, on foretibiae in front and on tarsi; wings hyaline, venation brown. Propodeum angular; medial area with large net meshes, shiny; terminal area circumscribed by sharp carina.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-like, black. T1 and T2 with very coarse, contiguous punctation; following terga finely shagreen, with shallow and scattered indistinct punctation; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, depressions of following terga white ciliated. Terminalia (Fig. 8) resembles to curvicarinatus - group.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.8–5.8 (5.26) mm, WL 3.1–4.0 (3.57) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.99, UFW:LFW 1.50; outline prolonged trapezoidal; clypeus CL:CW 1.31. Face with small white comma-shaped patches below foveae.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact; pilosity white, short, amplified on underside, white tomentose at seams. Tegulae each with a bright spot. Pronotum slightly expanded forward, narrow, with sharp anterior margin, dorsolateral angles acute. Mesonotum and scutellum shiny, punctation very coarse, subcontiguous. Legs black or brown, bright patches on foretibiae in front, white also on distitarsi, sometimes on base of tibiae; wings hyaline, venation brown. Propodeal terminal area with sharp carina around.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-like, black. T1 and T2 with very coarse, contiguous punctation; following terga finely shagreen, punctation shallow and scattered, indistinct. Lateral fringes and terminal bands on depressions white; fringe of last sternum bright.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Zimbabwe (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010).</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 17 ♂, 30 ♀ coll. AMG, MNHU, OLBL, SAMC, SANC.</p>
            <p>NAMIBIA. Near Helmeringshausen, 34 km on C13, 26.05S 16.38E.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Free State: Sandveld Nature Reserve, 27.40S 25.45E.— Gauteng: Soutpan, 25.24S 28.06E.— Limpopo: 75 km NW Thabazimbi, 24.24.24S 27.05.40E, 868 m. — North West: Mafikeng, Zeerust env.— Mpumalanga: O.T.K. Reserve nr Loskopdam, 25.27S 29.24E.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Bulawayo; Mushandike Sanctuary Masvingo; S, Gwanda 20 km W; Samva 25 km NE, Nyagui r. (Bindura).</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Acacia bequaertii ,  Combretum sp. ,  Protea sp. (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D53FFD443B4CB673835FDD8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D5DFFD543B4CD8A3FC8FAB2.text	03AC87CA4D5DFFD543B4CD8A3FC8FAB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) amharicus Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) amharicus sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 50–51</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a large species that is outstandingly rugged. It is completely black and is found in the mountains in Ethiopia at high altitude. The male is not known.</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Female. TL 6.4–8.1 (7.32) mm, WL 5.0–6.3 (5.59) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.94, UFW:LFW 1.42, outline transversely trapezoidal. Vertex raised, genae thickened. Scapi black, flagella short, completely black. Face entirely black; foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.48, shagreen, matt, with moderate, sparse punctation; front edge strongly domed, above it is impressed, impression continues upwardly into a shallow longitudinal furrow in middle of clypeus, only front shiny and without punctures, above it as remaining surface. Supraclypeal area normal. Frons with strong, sparse punctation, dorsal region including vertex strong and contiguous punctate. Genae thickened, occiput and malae normal. Labrum midst with longitudinal groove delimited by high narrow lateral edges; mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma long, compact. Pilosity long, white, erect at bottom and sides of metanotum and propodeum; with toment band at end margin of pronotum. Pronotum, calli and tegulae completely black. Pronotum slightly expanded forward, anterior margin edged in middle, sides rounded and sloped. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, matt, punctation strong, close, denser in front; mesopleurae similar to mesonotum, but more shagreen, punctation shallow, matt. Legs black; wings brownish, venation black. Propodeum rounded, matt; medial area irregularly, finely, longitudinally wrinkled, slightly shining, demarcated by a furrow; terminal area only edged below, surface radially wrinkled, punctate, central furrow below smooth, above barely separated, matt, shagreen.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped; black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, punctation fine, close; T2 with punctation little finer, following terga more shagreen, punctation indistinct. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, T2 and T3 with white broadly interrupted end bands. Fringe of last sternum yellowish.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Ethiopia.</p>
            <p>Type material: 6 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♀ ETHIOPIA. Oromia: Muketuri, 09.33N 38.52E, 07.10.2010, Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: ETHIOPIA. Amhara: 14 km N Debre-Birhan, Bakelo, 09.41N 39.32E, 2840 m, 08.10.2010, 3 ♀, Pauly lg.; Simien Mountains, near Sankaber, 13.13'34N 38.01'47E, 3191 m, 17.10.2011, 1 ♀, Zewdu lg.—Bale: Goba, 07.01N 39.59E, 21.10.2010, 1 ♀, Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels, HBRC Addis Ababa, SANC Pretoria, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The name is an adjective and refers to the Amhara Region, a regional state of Ethiopia, where the new species was found.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Tagetes minuta ,  Ferula communis (Pauly, label record). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D5DFFD543B4CD8A3FC8FAB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D5CFFD643B4CA633E88FC38.text	03AC87CA4D5CFFD643B4CA633E88FC38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) bernhardi Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) bernhardi sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 32, 52–53</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>The structure of male terminalia of this species is unique (Fig. 32). This species has not been assigned to a group because of insufficient evidence. The female is unknown.</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 5.36 mm, WL 3.59 mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.99, UFW:LFW 1.67, outline prolonged trapezoid. Scapi black, short conical, about as wide as flagella; SL:SW 1.77. Flagella relatively short, slightly serrated, yellow, dark above. Mask yellow, complete. Foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.43, matt, scattered punctate. Frons and vertex with strong, dense punctation, pilosity short, sparse, frontal line extends from middle ocellus to yellow patches on supraclypeal area. Labrum yellow, mandibles brown.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact; pilosity sparse, short, white; with white tomentose band at posterior margin of pronotum and calli. Tegulae and wing scales with yellow spots. Pronotum black, narrowly expanded forward; anterior edge sharp, dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, silky shining, punctation strong, close; metanotum coarsely reticular wrinkled; mesopleurae somewhat more coarsely punctate than mesonotum. Legs black, bright are tibiae basally and apically, foretibiae in front and basitarsi; tarsi otherwise brown; wings hyaline, venation brown. Propodeum edged, medial area marginate by a short transverse carina; terminal area sharply edged around.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender, spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, punctation moderate, close to dense, T2 significantly finer punctate, punctation fine, close, indistinct in shagreen, depression only transversely striate; T1 without lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 32): genital capsule short, compact, gonoforcipes apically expanded inside downwards; S7 proximal lobi with a single long bristle on each lobus near distal lobi.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Kenya.</p>
            <p>Type material:</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ KENYA. Nanyuki 75 km NNW, campus of Mpala Research Centre, 10.06.1999, Stone lg.—In coll. SANC Pretoria.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>I name this new species in honour of Bernhard Klausnitzer (Dresden) on the occasion of his 75th birthday in 2014. The meritorious German entomologist supported my work in many ways.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Acacia gerrardii (Stone, label record). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D5CFFD643B4CA633E88FC38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D5FFFD043B4C81C3DE6FAB5.text	03AC87CA4D5FFFD043B4C81C3DE6FAB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) camerunensis Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) camerunensis sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 17, 38, 54–57</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a species in the tinctulus-group. Its distinctive features are in the male terminalia (Fig. 17). The female association with the male is uncertain.</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.3–5.4 (4.94) mm, WL 3.3–3.9 (3.63) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.95, UFW:LFW 2.42, outline transversely elliptical. Face strongly converging downward, bulging medially, frons sloping backwards. Scapi black, conical, apically expanded, wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.32; flagella long, black, yellow below. Mask white, supraclypeal area black, reduced white patches on face sides and clypeus. Foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.74, shagreen, matt, scattered fine punctate. Supraclypeal area long narrow, partially channel-like. Frons shagreen, matt below, with moderate sparse punctation above, vertex with strong subcontiguous punctation, area near antennae bases somewhat shiny. Genae, occiput and malae normal. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma dorsoventrally weakly depressed. Pilosity sparse, white, more clear on posterior margin of pronotum, metanotum and terminal area of propodeum. Pronotum, calli and tegulae entirely black. Pronotum narrow medially, sides clearly expanded forward; with sharp leading edge medially, side and posterolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleurae shagreen, matt, punctation moderate, close. Legs black, bright spots only on foretibiae in front; wings hyaline, venation black. Propodeum edged, matt; medial area transversely depressed, basally with longitudinal ridges, distally delimited by a carina; terminal area only with lateral margins sharp, continuing to lower edges of lateral areas.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped; black. T1 finely shagreen, very fine, shallow stippling very indistinct or absent (less than minute and scattered punctate). T1 without lateral fringes and marginal bands. Terminalia (Fig. 17): genital capsule with gonoforcipes expanded apically and strongly narrowed; S8 anterior margin deeply emarginate; S7 proximal lobi with 3–4 strong teeth.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.92 mm, WL 4.28 mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.94, UFW:LFW 1.46, outline nearly circular, vertex raised. Scapi black; flagella short, yellow, black above. Face entirely black. Foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.11, matt, punctation shallow, increasingly disappearing in shagreen (Fig. 38). Supraclypeal area above and frons next to frontline longitudinally striated. Frons shagreen, matt, punctation shallow, strong and dense, on vertex above subcontiguous. Genae and occiput normal, malae narrow. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma long, dorsoventrally depressed. Pilosity sparse, indistinct. Tegulae each with a tiny pale spot. Pronotum black, expanded forward, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum, scutellum and metanotum shagreen, matt, punctation fine to moderate, close. Mesopleurae shallower punctate than mesonotum, mesepisternum in front slightly bent up. Legs entirely black; wings darkened, venation black. Propodeum egded, matt; medial area short, transversely depressed, basally with a shiny row of meshes, apically delimited by a carina; terminal area matt, with sharp lateral margins continuing to lower edges of lateral areas.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact, narrow, slender spindle-shaped; black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, not punctate. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes. Fringe of last sternum yellowish.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Cameroon, Gabon.</p>
            <p>Type material: 9 ♂, 1 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ GABON. Dienga, savane 35 km E, 30.01.1986, Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: CAMEROON. West, Wum, 06.24N 10.03E, 20.07.1987, 1 ♂, Pauly lg.</p>
            <p>GABON. Dienga, savane 35 km E, 30.01.1986, 6 ♂; Nzéla, 29.01.1986, 1 ♂; Estu., Tchimbéla, 07.02.1987, 1 ♀, all Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels, SANC Pretoria, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The new species was first found in Cameroon and Gabon. The name is used as an adjective.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Harungana madagascariensis (Pauly, label record). </p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p>There is only one female available with a different collecting locality and date, whose features correspond with the males described here.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D5FFFD043B4C81C3DE6FAB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D59FFD243B4CA6138A9FEDD.text	03AC87CA4D59FFD243B4CA6138A9FEDD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) capicola (Alfken 1914)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) capicola (Alfken, 1914)</p>
            <p>Figures 27, 35, 58–61</p>
            <p> Prosopis capicola Alfken, 1914: 186–187 . 1 ♀, S-Afrika [South Africa]: Capland, Algoa Bay. Typus ♀ MNHU Berlin.  Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) capicola (Alfken) : Bridwell 1919: 141; Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus capicola (Alfken) : Cockerell 1942: 2–3, 10–11; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 28. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> Male is characterized by a unique feature in the subgenus, namely the gonoforcipes with stylus-shaped extensions. The female has three yellow lines on the face. The sculpture, in both sexes, is similar to  H. rugipunctus , but the tergal punctation is somewhat finer. The male is described here for the first time. </p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.3–5.1 (4.77) mm, WL 3.0–3.7 (3.43) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.95, UFW:LFW 1.94; outline transversely trapezoid. Scapi black, short, not expanded, SL:SW 2.0; flagella long, yellow, dark above. Mask light yellow, supraclypeal area mostly black, sometimes narrowly yellow below. Clypeus matt, CI 1.47, with scattered punctation, anterior margin black. Frons and vertex densely and shallowly punctate.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Bright: pronotum with yellow line split medially, calli and tegulae yellow spotted. Pronotum narrowly expanded forward; anterior margin with sharp edge medially, dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum with strong dense to close punctation, punctures irregular, shallow. Legs black, with bright patches on base of tibiae, on foretibiae in front and on basitarsi. Propodeum edged, horizontal part short; medial area with coarse, shiny net meshes, delimited by a carina; terminal area sharply edged below, mid furrow shallow.</p>
            <p> Metasoma stocky spindle-shaped; black. T1 shagreen, matt, punctation moderately dense, T2 with fine dense punctation, following terga with indistinct punctation disappearing in sculpture; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 27): genital capsule characterized by gonoforcipes with stylus-shaped appendage, S8 compact, S7 without comb teeth, similar  H. rugipunctus . </p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.3–6.1 (5.72) mm, WL 3.9–4.9 (4.21) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.93, UFW:LFW 1.70; outline rounded trapezoidal. Face with long light yellow stripes along orbits, from lower eye rim to near foveae, also on clypeus a medial longitudinal line. Clypeus matt, punctures large but shallow, CL:CW 1.31; foveae faciales long.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum with a narrow yellow band, calli and tegulae spotted. Pronotum narrowly expanded forward, edgy sharp in middle, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum slightly shining, punctation strong and dense, punctures shallow (Fig. 35). Legs black, bright patches only on front surface of foretibiae; wings darkened, venation brown. Horizontal part of propodeum short, medial area with coarse wrinkles, apically delimited by a carina, terminal area with sharp edge only below, surface area rugose.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact oval; black. T1 shagreen, punctation fine and close; following terga with indistinct punctures in shagreen; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, depressions of following terga with broadly interrupted white hair bands.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 12 ♂, 18 ♀ coll. MNHU, OLBL, SAMC, SANC, TMSA.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Alexandria Nature Reserve 10 km SE; Algoa Bay; Grahamstown; Pine Tree Lodge; Van Stadens Pass.— KwaZulu-Natal: Maputaland, Emanguzi SW and 20 km S, Mobela.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D59FFD243B4CA6138A9FEDD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D5BFFD343B4CB533840FDA0.text	03AC87CA4D5BFFD343B4CB533840FDA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) chimani Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) chimani sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 18, 62–63</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This species is only known from the male. It is very similar to  H. eardleyi sp. n. , but the proximal lobi of S7 are dentate and the distal lobi are short, the gonoforceps extensions are shorter than in  H. eardleyi . </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.4–5.8 (4.94) mm, WL 2.9–3.8 (3.25) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.93, UFW:LFW 2.06, outline rounded trapezoid. Scapi black, conical expanded distally, wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.73; flagella long, yellow below (except end brown below), dark above. Mask white to yellowish white, side spots expanded to top of scapi bases, pointed above, supraclypeal area black. Foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.76, matt, with moderate sparse punctation, anterior margin narrow black. Supraclypeal area narrow. Frons and vertex with strong dense punctation, pilosity longer and denser than usual, even scapi with dense white hairs. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma depressed, entirely black. Pilosity sparse, white. Pronotum narrow expanded forward; anterior margin edged, dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, matt, punctation moderate, close. Mesopleurae shagreen, matt, punctation moderate, sparse. Legs black, bright are foretibiae in front, basitarsi; remaining tarsi brown. Wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum rounded, matt. Medial area with two rows of meshes with longitudinal ribs, distally delimited by a carina; terminal area only laterally marginate.</p>
            <p>Metasoma narrow, slender spindle-shaped; black. Terga shagreen, silky shining, punctation fine, sparse to scattered. T1 without lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 18): genital capsule with gonoforcipes extension shorter than its basal part; S8 with medial frontal projection in line with lateral extensions, proximal lobi of S7 with tooth.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Type material: 7 ♂</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ ZIMBABWE. Chimanimani, Melsetter, 1100–1400 m, 18.04.1985, J. Gusenleitner lg.—In coll. SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: ZIMBABWE, Chimanimani National Park, 14.12.1998, 3 ♂, Bečvař lg., 3 ♂, Halada lg.—In coll. Biozentrum Linz, SANC Pretoria, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The name is a noun with reference to the Chimanimani National Park, Zimbabwe.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D5BFFD343B4CB533840FDA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D5AFFEC43B4CA793D76FD48.text	03AC87CA4D5AFFEC43B4CA793D76FD48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) claviger (Cockerell 1936)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) claviger (Cockerell, 1936)</p>
            <p>Figures 34, 64–65</p>
            <p> Prosopis clavigera Cockerell, 1936p: 634 . ♀, South Africa: Cape Province, Nelspoort. Typus ♀ NHM London, no. 17.a.32.— Cockerell 1942: 2. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) clavigerus (Cockerell) : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus clavigerus (Cockerell) : Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 28. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is one of the larger species, having a total length about 6 mm. The face has a yellow stripe on both sides and on the clypeus. The shape is compact with striking white hair, and the integument is shiny. The species appears isolated with this combination of features. The male is unknown.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.8–6.0 (5.90) mm, WL 3.7–4.0 (3.86) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.95, UFW:LFW 1.70; outline rounded trapezoidal, front hourglass-shaped arched; head, in particular underside, face and scapi areas with spreading white hairs. Face with three yellow stripes of medium width at orbits and in middle of clypeus; foveae faciales long, prolonged up to vertex. Clypeus punctation moderate, close, shagreen, silky glossy, CL:CW 1.31. Supraclypeal area flatly inserted into domed face. Frons and vertex smooth and shiny, punctation moderate, dense. Genae broadened, black as labrum and mandibles.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact; mesosoma, legs and T3 to T6 extensively, sparcely covered with white hairs. Coloration: pronotum with narrowly interrupted white strip medially, tegulae each with a bright spot. Pronotum expanded forward, anterior edge and dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum and scutellum finely shagreen, shiny, punctation moderate, sparse. Legs black, only foretibiae in front bright striped. Propodeum rounded, finely sculptured, its areas delimited only by fine grooves, medial area with irregular fine wrinkles, which fade backwards (Fig. 34).</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact oval, black. T1 and T2 transversely lineolate, shiny, punctation close fine to moderate, becoming closer together and indistict towards posterior end of terga; T1 and T2 with bushy white lateral fringes, following terga with cilia on their surface.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 4 ♀ coll. NHML, SAMC.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Northern Cape: Vanrhynsdorp 40 km NE, Farm Kalkgat, Succulent Karoo, 31.07.04S 18.55.1842E, 140 m. — Western Cape: Namaqualand, Knersvlakte; Nelspoort; Remhoogte, plein, 30.24038S 18.16555E.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D5AFFEC43B4CA793D76FD48	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D64FFEE43B4CFA93967FD3D.text	03AC87CA4D64FFEE43B4CFA93967FD3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) curvicarinatus (Cameron 1905)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) curvicarinatus (Cameron, 1905)</p>
            <p>Figures 9, 66–69</p>
            <p> Prosopis curvicarinata Cameron, 1905: 234–235 . ♂, South Africa: Cape Colony, Pearston. 3 ♂ syntypes NHM London, no. 17.a.24 as lectotypus designated here.— Cameron 1906: 324–325; Friese 1909: 110, 112, 115; Friese 1911: 128, 132–133. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus curvicarinatus (Cameron) : Cockerell 1932e: 172; Cockerell 1936e: 1–2, 7–9; Cockerell 1942: 2, 4, 9, 13. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) curvicarinatus (Cameron) : Bridwell 1919: 136, 138, 141; Snelling 1985: 6, 8. </p>
            <p> Prosopis flaviscutum Alfken, 1914: 193–194 . 2 ♀ 7 ♂. S-Afrika [South Africa]: Kapland,  Willowmore. 3 ♂ 1 ♀ syntypes MNHU Berlin, ♂ with labels "Willowmore 20.2.04 H. Brauns ","TYPUS", head lacking, terminalia prepared by HHD, as lectotypus designated here; paralectotypes 2 ♂ 1 ♀ same locality.— Syn. n.— Friese 1916: 426. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) flaviscutum (Alfken) : Bridwell 1919: 143; Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus flaviscutum (Alfken) : Cockerell 1932e: 171; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 29. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus graaffi Cockerell, 1936e: 2–3 . ♂, South Africa: Kapland, Graaff-Reinet. Typus ♂ AMNH New York ac.34187; genitalized by Snelling, sternum 7 lacking.— Syn. n. Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 30. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) graaffi Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus vau Cockerell, 1936e: 9 . ♂, South Africa: Mossel Bay. Typus ♂ NHM London, no. 17.a.1401. Synonymized by Cockerell 1942: 2, 4. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) vau Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a small species with strong punctation. The anterior margin of the pronotum is sharply lamellate. The male has a yellow-white mask that is complete, the scapi are slender and undifferentiated. The female has small commashaped spots at the orbits.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.0–5.0 (4.47) mm, WL 3.0–3.5 (3.12) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.99, UFW:LFW 1.82; outline rounded trapezoid; scapi black, conical, not expanded, as wide as flagella, SL:SW 1.9; flagella long, yellow, above dark; mask ivory to pale yellow, complete. Clypeus CL:CW 1.47, slightly shining, with few punctures, front edge black. Supraclypeal area with only upper part black; frons and vertex with strong subcontiguous punctation. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma black, only tegulae with white spots. Pronotum black, narrowly expanded forward, midst with sharp anterior edge, dorsolateral angles obtuse, posterior margin with white felt fringe. Mesonotum and scutellum shining, punctation strong to coarse, subcontiguous to dense, legs black, only foretibiae in front bright striped. Propodeum angular, shining, medial area delimited by a fine carina, terminal area only below sharply edged.</p>
            <p>Metasoma black. T1 smooth and shiny, punctation strong subcontiguous to dense, punctures finer than on mesonotum, T2 with small punctures, punctation of following terga disappeares increasingly in transverse rugose sculpture, white lateral fringes only at T1, indistinct. Terminalia (Fig. 9): genital capsule compact, gonoforcipes apically bluntly rounded, shape characteristic for this species; proximal lobi of S7 with 3 or 4 comb bristles.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.2–5.4 (5.03) mm, WL 3.2–3.8 (3.60) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.00, UFW:LFW 1.61; shape rounded trapezoid. Face with white comma-shaped patches at orbits below foveae; foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.31, punctation moderately sparse to close, shallow; frons and vertex with punctures arranged in wrinkled stripes.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Tegulae with bright spots. Pronotum as in male. Mesonotum and scutellum with coarse, subcontiguous punctation, slightly shining. Legs black, only foretibiae in front with pale stripe. Propodeum rounded, otherwise as in male; medial area limited by carina, terminal area sharply edged only below, medial furrow of propodeum shallow.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-shaped, black. Sculpture of terga similar to male; T1 with narrow lateral fringes, white terminal bands on depressions of T2.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 65 ♂, 59 ♀ coll. AMG, MNHU, NHML, OLBL, SAMC, SANC, TMSA, USNM.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Algoa Bay; W of Bavianskloof, 33.33S 24.00E; Belmont Valley, Grahamstown; Bo Kouga, Uniondale Distr.; Boskey Dell, Grahamstown; Clifton, Grahamstown; February Farm, 40.2 km W Kirkwood, 33.33S 25.03E [♂ stylopized]; Fort Beaufort, "Umdala"; Graaff-Reinet; Grahamstown; Grahamstown, Boskey Dell; Hilton, Grahamstown; Jansenville 25 km N, 32.49S 24.44E, 600 m; Jeffreys Bay; Papiesfontein, Gamtoos Mth.; Pearston; Willowmore.— Free State: 3 km NW of Bethulie, 30.28.02S 25.57.35E, 1383 m.— Northern Cape, Hester Malan Nature Reserve, Springbok 16 km E.— Western Cape: Barrydale; Calitzdorp 3 km SE, 33.33S 21.42E; Elsenburg; Kango Mtn Resort, 33.31S 22.21E; Karoo National Park, Beaufort West, 32.20S 22.30E; Klaarstroom, Prince Albert; Ladismith; Laingsburg 60 km S, 33.29S 20.57E; Matjiesfontein; Mossel Bay; Oudtshoorn, Zebra; Uniondale S, Alfreds Pass, 33.49S 23.11E, 300 m; Vogelfontein P. Albert Div.</p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> The species appears to be relatively common, but its identity was also often misunderstood. In the collection and database of AMG this species is referred to as "  Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) sp. B" (Gess &amp; Gess 2014). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D64FFEE43B4CFA93967FD3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D66FFE843B4CFA93C8FFED0.text	03AC87CA4D66FFE843B4CFA93C8FFED0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) dregei (Strand 1912)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) dregei (Strand, 1912)</p>
            <p>Figures 23, 70–73</p>
            <p> Prosopis dregei Strand, 1912: 27 . 1 ♂, South Africa: Kapland. Typus ♂ MNHU Berlin.— Strand 1927: 113. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus dregei (Strand) : Cockerell 1942: 2, 8. Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 29. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) dregei (Strand) : Bridwell 1919: 137–138, 142; Snelling 1985: 8, 26. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) microstictus Cockerell 1942: 2 , 4, 8–9, 14. 3 ♀, South Africa: Cape Province,  Mossel Bay . Typus ♀ NHM London, no. 17.a.1406.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus microstictus Cockerell : Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 32. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>Both sexes have widely rounded faces, due to the expanded sides of their faces and thickened genae, and prolonged vertex in male. The female has a smooth clypeal impression. The propodeum is rounded and punctate in both sexes. The male metasoma has a pair of small tubercles on the S3 which is a unique character in this subgenus.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 5.4–6.5 (5.91) mm, WL 3.6–4.6 (4.12) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.94, UFW:LFW 1.43; outline transversely trapezoid. Scapi black, spindle-shaped expanded, SL:SW 2.4, densely punctate, matt; flagella yellow, dark on upper side. Mask ivory white, complete, apical half of supraclypeal area black; foveae faciales short but distinct. Clypeus CL:CW 1.60, anterior edge black. Supraclypeal area only half as wide as its distance from respective eye margin. Vertex elevated. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact. Pilosity sparse, short, white; integument with two short white stripes on pronotum, a spot on each tegula. Pronotum narrowly expanded forward, anterior edge rounded, dorsolateral angles obtuse. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, slightly shining, punctation strong, close to dense. Legs black, with bright patches at tibial bases and stripes on foretibiae in front; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum rounded, coarsely sculptured with dense strong punctation, without carinae, medial area with small net wrinkles, medial furrow of terminal area deep.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact, black. T1 with strong close to dense punctation, T2 finer punctate, following terga only shagreen, S3 with two small transverse tubercles; T1 with white lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 23): genital capsule with short oval outline, nearly circular; S8 prolonged in both sides, S7 with numerous partially flattened bristles.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 6.0–7.6 (6.81) mm, WL 4.0–5.2 (4.64) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.89, UFW:LFW 1.42, outline nearly circular. Face with two moderately broad white stripes on orbits between fovea and clypeal pit; foveae faciales long, expanded to vertex. Clypeus impression large, expanded from clypeus front edge upward without distinct upper limitation, divided medially by a shallow tubercle, CL:CW 1.24.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum with broad white stripe, tegulae each with a bright spot. Pronotum expanded forward, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleurae punctation moderate close to subcontiguous, partly strong, punctures irregularly distributed. Legs black, only foretibiae II with white spots; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum rounded, similar to male.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-shaped, black. T1 with strong dense punctation, apically with smooth stripe, T2 with moderately to strong close to dense punctation, end half with finer or nearly without punctures, following terga only shagreen; T1 with white side fringes.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 15 ♂, 52 ♀ coll. AMG, MNHU, NHML, OLBL, SAMC, SANC.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Alexandria Nature Reserve 10 km SE; Algoa Bay; Bathurst; Cold Springs SW of Grahamstown, 33.20S 26.29E; Grahamstown, Hilton; Grahamstown, Howlson's Poort; Jeffreys Bay; Kasouga; Kenton-on-Sea; Sterangs Bay, Humansdorp; Strowan, Grahamstown.— Western Cape: Brandfontein Reserve, 34.46S 09.52E; Klaarstroom, Prince Albert; Knysna Oyster; Knysna, 34.01S 23.02E; Mossel Bay; Plettenberg Bay 40 km E, 34.01S 23.53E, 180 m. — KwaZulu-Natal: Durban.</p>
            <p>Remark</p>
            <p> In the collection and database of AMG this species is referred to as "  Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) sp. D" (Gess &amp; Gess 2014). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D66FFE843B4CFA93C8FFED0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D61FFEA43B4CE823883FDC7.text	03AC87CA4D61FFEA43B4CE823883FDC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) eardleyi Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) eardleyi sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 22, 42, 74–77</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This species has a close relationship to  H. melanosoma ,  H. chimani sp. n. and  H. paulyi sp. n. , in which the males have expanded matt scapi. The females match the general characteristics of the tinctulus-group but they are hard to determine with certainty without accompanying males. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.2–5.1 (4.63) mm, WL 2.8–3.4 (3.11) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98, UHW:LHW 1.95, outline rounded trapezoid. Scapi black, expanded, slightly wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.70; flagella long, yellow below, dark above. Mask ivory white, sometimes light yellow, side patches expanded to upper edge of scapi bases, pointed above, supraclypeal area black. Foveae faciales short, indistinct. Clypeus CL:CW 1.69, matt, punctation moderate, sparse, anterior margin narrow black. Supraclypeal area formed channel-like, lateral edges curved upwards. Frons and vertex silky shining, punctation strong, close, white pilosity sparse, short, erect. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma depressed; pilosity sparse, short, white, longer only at sides of metanotum; margins of pronotum and calli with white toment. Coloration black, only tegulae with white spot. Pronotum narrow expanded forward; anterior margin sharp, dorsolateral angles blunt-edged. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, slightly shining, punctation moderate, dense; mesopleurae shagreen, matt, punctation fine, sparse, finer than on mesonotum. Legs black, anterior surface of foretibiae, base of hind tibiae and whole tarsi bright; wings darkened, venation dark brown. Propodeum edged; medial area consisting of three rows of meshes, middle largest, with sharp terminal edge, shiny; terminal area with sharp lateral ridges continuing into lower edges of lateral areas; propodeal furrow widened upwards, interrupting with cutout end margin of medial area.</p>
            <p>Metasoma narrow, slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silk shiny, punctation minute, scattered, with narrow smooth end margin; T2 and following terga with low punctation; white lateral fringes lack. Terminalia (Fig. 22): genital capsule with penis valves midst divergent, these conspicuously shorter than gonoforcipes; S8 with apical lobus widened, anterior margin emarginate; S7 with distal lobi formed as short lamellae, proximal lobi with few short bristles, teeth absent.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.2–5.3 (5.26) mm, WL 3.3–3.5 (3.40) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.96, UHW:LHW 1.52, outline transverse elliptic. Scapi black, flagella short, yellow, dark above. Face with tiny white comma spots near orbits below foveae. Foveae faciales long, reaching upper eye border, somewhat bent to ocelli. Clypeus CL:CW 1.28, shagreen, matt, punctation fine, sparse. Frons and vertex very densely punctate, punctation strong, subcontiguous. Genae thickened, in outline protruding below. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma long depressed, pilosity short and sparse, with toment band at posterior margins of pronotum, calli and scutellum. Tegulae with white spots. Pronotum black; little expanded forward, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles edged (Fig. 42). Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, slightly shining, punctation moderate to strong, dense to close; mesopleurae with finer and denser punctation than mesonotum, matt. Legs black, light are only tibiae I in front; wings darkened, venation black. Propodeum edged, matt; medial area steep, with irregular longitudinal ridges, with transverse carina in front of a small vertical finely shagreen area; terminal area laterally sharp edged, carinae continuing into lower edges of lateral areas; vertical area wrinkled radially below, without punctures.</p>
            <p>Metasoma narrow, slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, punctation minute, sparse to scattered, following terga without punctures; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, following terga with white ciliary bands on depressions; fringe of last sternum white.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Type material: 46 ♂, 14 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ SOUTH AFRICA. Gauteng: Hartebeeshook, Radio Astronomy Observatory, 25.54S 27.42E, 11.01.1996, Stiller lg.—In coll. SANC Pretoria.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: SOUTH AFRICA. Gauteng: Hartebeeshook, Radio Astronomy Observatory, 25.54S 27.42E, 02.04.1996, 1♂, Stiller lg.— KwaZulu-Natal: Greytown 20 km N, 28.58S 30.34E, 1140 m, 18.01.2010, 1♀, Halada lg.; Ryfontein Farm 15 km SE Tzaneen, 23.54S 29.45E, 24.08.1994, 1♂, Mansell lg.; Maputaland: Emanguzi SW, 29.01.2003, 4♂, Snižek lg.; Tembe Elephant Park env. (Jozini), 22.01.2003, 1♀, Křivan lg.; 2♀, Snižek lg.</p>
            <p>MOZAMBIQUE. CW: Chimoio 40km SW, 19.26S 33.11E, 650 m, 16.12.2005, 1♂, 1♀, Kadlecová lg.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Chimanimani National Park, 14.12.1998, 1♂, Bečvař lg., 2♂, 6♀, Halada lg.</p>
            <p>ETHIOPIA. W Hararge, Mechara, 08.36N 40.19E, 30.10.– 13.11.2010, 1♀, Negessa lg.; 17.– 21.01.2011, 35♂, 2♀, Negessa &amp; Pauly lg.— Paratypes in coll. SANC Pretoria, Biozentrum Linz, HBRC Addis Ababa, RBINS Brussels, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The species is dedicated Connal Eardley, the meritorious exponent of apidologic research in southern Africa and initiator of this study.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Vernonia auriculifera ,  Desmodium uncinatum (Ethiopia, Pauly, label record). </p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> The females are hard to distinguish from  H. robertianus , while the males are well defined by their terminalia. For a reliable determination, the male must be present. In Ethiopian specimens, the mask is often yellow. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D61FFEA43B4CE823883FDC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D63FFE443B4CDFB3E77FBA8.text	03AC87CA4D63FFE443B4CDFB3E77FBA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) gabonicus (Vachal 1900)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) gabonicus (Vachal, 1900)</p>
            <p>Figures 29, 78–81</p>
            <p> Prosopis gabonica Vachal, 1900: 536 . 5 ♀, W-Afrika [DR Congo]: Mouny, Batah, N'Doro. Typus ♀ MNHN Paris. Lectotypus ♀ "N’Doro", 3 paralectotypes ♀ "Bata" designated here. Snelling labeled already this female as lectotype, but this was not published.— Vachal 1903: 400 (♂); Friese 1909: 110, 112; Friese 1911: 128, 133. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) gabonicus (Vachal) : Bridwell 1919: 143 (♂); Snelling 1985: 8 [as  gabonica ]. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus gabonicus (Vachal) : Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 29. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) bequaertianus Bridwell, 1919: 140–141 , 5 ♀ 7 ♂; Nigeria: at Oloke Meji, Ibadan. Typus ♂ USNM Washington, no. 50737, photos USNM Bee Collection website.— Cockerell 1936e: 2, 6, 8; Cockerell 1942: 2; Snelling 1985: 8; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 27.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus ogilviei Cockerell, 1932: 172–173 . ♂ ♀, Belgian Congo [DR Congo]: Tshibinda; Angola: near Cassai River/Dilolo. Typus ♂ NHM London, no. 17.a.30; head missing, terminalia prepared by HHD, synonymy confirmed.—Synonymized by Cockerell 1936e: 2. Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 33. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a slim, black species with strongly punctate mesosoma and a finely shagreen metasoma. The male is well marked by the reduced mask, in which the white side marks partly surround the antenna bases.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 3.9–5.2 (4.82) mm, WL 2.8–3.8 (3.37) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.95, UFW:LFW 1.87, outline circular trapezoid. Scapi black, cone-shaped, expanded upward, wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.7; flagella long, yellow, above darkened. Mask white, silky shining; upper part of clypeus and supraclypeal area black, side marks bent up partly around antenna bases; CL:CW 1.66; foveae faciales indistinct. Frons and vertex with dense, coarse punctation. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma depressed, black, sometimes tegulae each with a small bright spot. Pronotum only laterally expanded forward, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum closely, moderate to strong punctation. Legs black, only foretibiae in front and basitarsi with white spots; wings darkened, venation dark. Propodeum coarsely wrinkled, medial area longitudinally wrinkled, apically with transverse carina; terminal area with long and deep median furrow.</p>
            <p> Metasoma elongated, narrow spindle-shaped, black. Terga very fine shagreen, matt glossy, punctation minute and scattered. Terminalia (Fig. 29) might be related to  H. perater ; genital capsule short, outline oval, S8 with apical lobi elongate, anterior margin emarginate laterally, S7 with combe of basal lobi with only a few setae. </p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.6–6.5 (5.52) mm, WL 3.2–4.5 (3.92) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.97, UFW:LFW 1.44; shape trapezoid rounded. Face with bright paraorbital marks as variable narrow lines, which are sometimes interrupted and indistinct; paratypes from Batah with wide strips which fill lower areas between orbits and clypeus. Clypeus CL:CW 1.15, shagreen, silky shining, shallowly punctate, punctation moderate, close, but variable. Frons and vertex with strong punctures, arranged in wrinkle-strips.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma depressed, tegulae with small pale spots. Pronotum angular expanded forward, anterior edge as fine ridge, dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum silky shining, punctation moderate, close. Legs black, only foretibiae in front with yellow stripe; wings darkened, venation dark. Propodeum rough and coarse wrinkled, medial area with large grid meshes, distally limited by a sharp transverse carina, terminal area with deep median furrow.</p>
            <p>Metasoma black. T1 finely striate, matt, punctation indistinct, minute, scattered; depressions of terga with narrow white ciliar fringes; fringe of last sternum dark.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Nigeria, South Africa, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 95 ♂, 132 ♀ coll. MNHN, NHML, OLBL, RBINS, SANC, SDEI, USNM.</p>
            <p>ANGOLA. Cassai River, Dilolo¸ Luimbale 19 km SW, ca. 1700 m.</p>
            <p>BURUNDI. Ruvubu National Park, Ruvubu River, 02.59.20S 30.28.12E, 1401 m.</p>
            <p>CAMEROON. Adamaoua: Beka nr Ngaoundere, 07.17N 13.19E; de Banyo à Tibati, 06.37N 12.07E; Louga W Ngaoundere, 07.05N 13.12E; Massif du Mbam, Jakiri, 06.01N 10.33E; Mayo-Darlé, 06.28N 11.33E; Tékel, 06.47N 13.10E. Cameroun W, Jakiri, 06.01N 10.33E; Wum, 06.24N 10.03E.</p>
            <p>CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC. Bangui 40 km N, 04.41N 18.36E, 380 m; Bangui 50 km SW, 04.04N 18.14E, 380 m; Bangui 70 km NNE, 04.57N 18.46E, 430–445 m; Bangui 90 km NNE, 05.03N 18.47E, 380 m. Bouar 60 km SE, 05.42N 16.00E, 800 m. Kaga Bandoro 40 km N, 06.41N 19.07E. Sibut 45 km N, 06.06N 19.08E, 530 m; Sibut 80 km W, 05.41N 18.17E; Sibut 95 km W, 05.12N 18.25E. Boda SW, 80 km W, 04.29N 16.47E, 490 m; Mbaiki 10 km NNE, 03.56N 18.00E, 445 m; Mbaiki 20 km NNE, 03.04N 18.03E, 390 m; Mbaiki 50 km W, 04.10N 17.42E, 500 m; Nola 40 km S, 03.23N 16.10E, 600 m.</p>
            <p>DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Mouny; Batah; N'Doro; Tshibinda.</p>
            <p>REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Kouilou, Kakamoeka, 04.07S 12.04E.</p>
            <p>GABON. Bissobinam, 00.42N 09.39E; Dienga, savane 35 km E; Makokou; Sindara; Yombi.</p>
            <p>NIGERIA. Gashaga Gumfi National Park, 25 km SW Serti env., 07.20N 11.13E, 400 m; Oloke Meji, Ibadan.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Gauteng: Johannesburg, Sandton.— Mpumalanga: Skukuza, 24.59.32S 31.3504E.— Western Cape: Bredasdorp 25 km S, coast.</p>
            <p>TOGO. Reg. d’Plateau W Huimé, Kpimé Ca, 070020N 003849E.</p>
            <p>ZAMBIA, Kasama 35 km S, 10.30S 31.12E, 1250 m; W of Solwezi, 12.10S 25.33E, 1300 m.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Claremont Estate, nr Juliasdale, 18.47S 32.41E.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Aeschynomene cristata ,  Allophylus africanus ,  Borreria verticillata ,  Capsicum annuum ,  Dichostemma glaucescens ,  Duranta repens ,  Eclipta prostrata ,  Elephantopus mollis ,  Harungana madagascariensis ,  Ipomoea sp. ,  Leea guineensis ,  Mimosa pudica ,  Otomeria guineensis ,  Passiflora edulis (extrafloral nectaries),  Psychotria sp. ,  Stachytarpheta angustifolia ,  Triumfetta eriophlebia ,  Urena lobata ,  Zornia durumuensis (Pauly, label record). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D63FFE443B4CDFB3E77FBA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D6DFFE743B4CB5A3C8FFF40.text	03AC87CA4D6DFFE743B4CB5A3C8FFF40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) gessianus Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) gessianus sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 10, 82–85</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This species resembles  H. curvicarinatus , but it can be easily recognized by the conspicuous white pubescence on the face and the mesosoma. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.0–5.0 (4.41) mm, WL 4.5–5.7 (4.86) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.96, UFW:LFW 2.18, outline rounded trapezoid. Scapi black, conical, not expanded, as wide as flagella, SL:SW 2.01; flagella long, yellow, dark above. Mask ivory white to light yellow, complete, side marks expanded beyond scapi bases. Foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.39, silky shining, scattered shallow punctate, anterior margin brown. Frons with conspicuous white dense hairs, especially in area of scapi bases; sculpture smooth and shiny, punctation strong and dense. Genae, occiput and malae normal. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Shape regular, pilosity white, erect, remarkably close, especially below, adjacent to metanotum and at posterior margins of pronotum and mesonotum. Tegulae and wing scale with white spots. Pronotum black, laterally narrow expanded forward; anterior margin sharp lamellar, dorsolateral angles pointed. Mesonotum and scutellum smooth, shiny, punctation coarse, dense to subcontiguous; mesopleurae as mesonotum. Legs black, bright are tibiae basally and apically, foretibiae also frontally, basitarsi, their ends like rest of tarsi brown; wings hyaline, venation pale brown. Propodeum edged, glossy; medial area with a shiny irregular row of meshes, delimited by a carina; terminal area with sharp margins around, surface with rough wrinkled network.</p>
            <p> Metasoma compact spindle-shaped; black. T1 smooth and shiny, punctation strong to coarse, dense, T2 almost punctate as T1, following terga finer sculpted. T1 with white lateral fringes, ciliar bands on depressions. Terminalia (Fig. 10) similar to  H. curvicarinatus : gonoforcipes of genital capsule slightly longer, in front also bluntly truncated, but less compact; S8 apical lobus with few short, fine bristles, S7 proximal lobi with 5–6 thin comb teeth. </p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.5–5.7 (4.86) mm, WL 3.2–4.3 (3.51) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.94, UFW:LFW 1.63, outline trapezoid rounded. Scapi black; flagella short, black, yellow below. Face with two long white stripes on orbits, from fovea above to lower edges of compound eyes, sometimes with additional small spots on clypeus. Foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.27, finely shagreen, shiny, punctation moderate, close. Lateral edges of supraclypeal area hardly bent up. Frons with white hairs, particularly dense in area of scapi bases, generally less dense and long than in male. Genae, occiput and malae normal. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma depressed; with erect white pilosity ventrally, tomentose band at posterior margin of pronotum and mesonotum, long erect hairs on metanotum sides. Bright spots on tegulae and wing scales. Pronotum black, narrow expanded forward, anterior margin sharp-edged, in middle shallowly notched, dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleurae smooth and shiny, with strong and dense punctation. Legs black, only foretibiae in front with pale patch; wings hyaline, venation dark brown. Propodeum rounded, medial area and propodeal furrow smooth, otherwise matt; medial area short, with irregular meshes, only midst bordered by a carina; terminal area shagreen and punctate.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-shaped; black. T1 smooth and shining, punctation strong to coarse, dense, T2 almost as punctate, following terga finer sculptured. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, white marginal bands on following depressions. Fringe of last sternum pale.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Namibia, South Africa.</p>
            <p>Type material: 108 ♂, 60 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape: Money Worth nr Kenton-on-sea, 04.10.1958, Jacot-Guillarmod lg.—In coll. Albany Museum Grahamstown.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: NAMIBIA. Gobabeb 5 km N, 19.11.1978, 1 ♂, Wharton lg.; Namib, Naukluft Park Ganab., 23.06S 15.33E, 16.03.1983, 1 ♀, Eardley lg.; Uguchab River nr Aurusberg, 27.32S 16.11E, 22.04.1988, 17 ♂, 5 ♀, Eardley lg. [det.Snelling 2007: "indescr. sp. "]; Farm Namtib, 60 km NE Aus, 01.10.1997, 04.10.1997, 1 ♂, Kuhlmann lg. Following records all FW &amp; SK Gess lg.: Helmeringhausen 32 km S, 20.06S 16.36E, 15.03.1997, 1 ♂; 34 km on C13 from Helmeringhausen, 26.05S 16.38E, 09.03.1999, 5 ♂; Swakop river bed on road to Goanicontes, 22.41S 14.35E, 11.04.1998, 7 ♂, 1 ♀; Swakopmund 33 km on road to Usakos, 22.34S 14.49E, 15.03.2000, 3 ♂; Swakopmund 117 km on road to Usakos, 22.02S 15.17E, 16.03.2000, 1 ♀; Hakos, Weissenfels farms, 23.18S 16.23E, 21.03.2000, 4 ♂.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: S of Mountain Zebra National Park, 31.10.33S 25.32.55W, 03.03.2010, 1 ♂, Eardley lg.; Bushmans Riv, Letjiesbosch Gouph, 01.– 30.11.1935, 1 ♀, SAMC coll. [SAM-HYM B011719].— KwaZulu-Natal: Ladysmith, 20.01.2003, 1 ♂, Snižek lg.— Northern Cape: Garies 40 km SW, wadi Groen, 16.10.1999, 29 ♂, Halada lg.; Nieuwoudtville Farm Glen Lyon, garden, 31.23.60S 19.08.26E, 700 m, 23.08.2003, 1 ♂, Kuhlmann lg.; Nieuwoudtville Flower Reserve, Car Park East, 31.22.18S 19.08.58E, 730 m, 16.10.2006, 1 ♂, Kuhlmann lg.; Nieuwoudtville Wild Flower Reserve, dolerite hills, 31.22.10S 19.08.50E, 770 m, 19.09.2007, 3 ♂, Timmermann lg.; Richtersveld National Park, 28.18S 16.58E, 12.09.2001, 14.09.2001, 1 ♀, Eardley lg.; Richtersveld National Park, Orange River Bank, 28.03S 16.03E, 07.09.2007, 1 ♀, Eardley lg.; Vanrhynsdorp, Garden, 31.3631S 18.4402E, 03.08.2003, 1 ♀, Timmermann lg.; Hester Malan Nature Reserve 10 mls. E Springbok, 07.– 08.01.1972, 21 ♂, 3 ♀, Southern Africa Expedition of British Museum lg.— Western Cape: Beaufort West, Dist., 01.– 28.02.1958, 7 ♀, SAMC coll. [SAM-HYM B011704], Oukloof, 01.– 31.01.1949, 7 ♀, Zinn &amp; Hesse lg. [SAM-HYM B011700]; Merweville Distr., 01.01.1947, 31.01.1948, 22 ♀, Zinn lg. [SAM-HYM B011702]; Dikbome, Merweville Koup, 01.– 31.01.1953, 5 ♂, 2 ♀, Zinn lg. [SAM-HYM B011706]; Karoo, Murraysburg, 02.01.1978, 1 ♂, Empey lg.; Karoo, Reitbron, 02.01.1965, 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Empey lg.; Klein-Karoo, Grot riv. Langberg, 24.11.2002, 1 ♂, Halada lg.; Klaarstroom, Prince Albert, 01.– 31.10.1952, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, SAMC Exped. lg. [SAM-HYM B010177]; Matjesfontein, 01.12.– 18.12.1928, 2 ♀, Turner lg.; Port Nolloth 22–23 km ESE, 29.19S 17.06E, 150 m, 15.09.1984, 1 ♂, Bellamy lg.; Remhoogte, 30.24038S 18.16555E, 02.– 23.12.2001, 1 ♂, 25.08.– 15.09.2004, 1 ♀, Mayer lg.— Paratypes in coll. Albany Museum Grahamstown, SANC Pretoria, Biozentrum Linz, Iziko Museum Cape Town, NHM London, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The new species is dedicated to the couple Sarah K. Gess and Friedrich W. Gess, who have great merits to the exploration of South African fauna and flora and their ecological relationships.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Aizoaceae :  Galenia africana (white),  Galenia papulosa (deep pink),  Psilocaulon salicornioides (white);  Apiaceae :  Deverra denudata (yellow),  Foeniculum vulgare (yellow);  Euphorbiaceae :  Euphorbia glanduligera (green);  Scrophulariaceae :  Selago corymbosa (w hite),  Selago dinteri (white);  Zygophyllaceae :  Zygophyllum simplex (yellow); all data by SK &amp; FW Gess (CD database by Gess &amp; Gess 2014). </p>
            <p>Remark</p>
            <p> In the collection and database of AMG this species is referred to as "  Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) sp. A" (Gess &amp; Gess 2014). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D6DFFE743B4CB5A3C8FFF40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D6EFFE043B4CE723C8FFEDD.text	03AC87CA4D6EFFE043B4CE723C8FFEDD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) haygoodi Bridwell 1919	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) haygoodi Bridwell, 1919</p>
            <p>Figures 24, 44, 86–89</p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) haygoodi Bridwell, 1919: 137 , 143–144, 1♀. South Africa: Cape Town. Typus ♀ USNM Washington, no. 50736: photos USNM Bee Collection website.— Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus haygoodi Bridwell, 1919 : Cockerell 1942: 2. Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 30. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) haygoodi Bridwell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This is a large, relatively robust species with coarse punctation and matt integument. The propodeum is rounded. The male scapi are expanded and the mask is reduced. The female has comma-shaped facial spots and the clypeus has a smooth impression on the front edge. It can be distinguished from  H. lightfooti by its size, sculpture and the male terminalia. The male is described here for the first time. </p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 5.2–5.8 (5.50) mm, WL 3.5–4.1 (3.95) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.93, UFW:LFW 1.75; outline short trapezoid. Scapi black, prolonged, expanded medially, wider here than flagella, SL:SW 1.2. Mask white, supraclypeal area often quite black, paraorbital marks reduced, reaching clypeus base, bow-shaped adjacent to orbits. Clypeus CL:CW 1.56, slightly shining, scattered punctate, anterior margin black. Frons and vertex with white pilosity.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact; tegulae mostly black, sometimes with small pale spot. Pronotum black, expanded forward, anterior edge angular, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum matt, punctation coarse and sparse to dense. Legs black, pale marks at foretibiae in front; wings brownish, venation black. Propodeum rounded, matt, medial area with rough wrinkled meshes, delimited by a carina, terminal area roughly punctate.</p>
            <p> Metasoma solid, black. T1 with punctation coarse, dense, apically coarse and subcontiguous, T2 finer and more densely punctate, following terga only shagreen, slightly shining; T1 with narrow white side fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 24): genital capsule short, outline oval, distal lobi of S7 narrower than in  H. lightfooti , their comb setae flattened. </p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.5–7.0 (6.23) mm, WL 3.8–4.6 (4.27) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.94, UFW:LFW 1.48; shape nearly circular. Face with small white comma spots on orbits at height of scapi bases; foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.20, shagreen, matt, punctation strong close, anterior margin with wide smooth impression (Fig. 44), upper margin without tubercles. Frons and vertex with coarse and contiguous punctation.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact; tegulae with small bright spot. Pronotum black, expanded forward, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum and scutellum matt, punctation coarse and dense. Legs entirely black; wings darkened, venation dark. Propodeum rounded, matt, roughly punctate, medial area with rough meshes, demarcated by a fine furrow.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact oval, coloration black. T1 with punctation coarse and subcontiguous, especially distally; T2 with finer and more dense punctation, following terga shallowly wrinkled. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, white narrowly disrupted hair bands on depressions of T2 and T3.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 14 ♂, 54 ♀ coll. AMG, NHML, OLBL, SANC, USNM.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Cold Springs SW of Grahamstown, 33.20S 26.29E; Grahamstown; Grahamstown, Belmont Valley; Grahamstown, Hilton; Grahamstown, Howlson’s Poort; Somerset East.— Free State: Tussen-die-Riviere Res. nr. Bethulie, 30.30S 26.12E.— KwaZulu-Natal: Greytown 20 km N, 28.58S 30.34E, 1140 m.— Western Cape: Cape Town.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Foeniculum vulgare (FW Gess, label record). </p>
            <p>Remark</p>
            <p> In the collection and database of AMG this species is referred to as "  Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) sp. C" (Gess &amp; Gess 2014). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D6EFFE043B4CE723C8FFEDD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D68FFE243B4CFA93E2CFE68.text	03AC87CA4D68FFE243B4CFA93E2CFE68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) izikosalis Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) izikosalis sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 90–91</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a large, robust species with a smooth clypeal impression. It differs from the species above by its clypeal impression that is not definitely limited above. The male is unknown.</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Female. TL 6.0–7.5 (6.26) mm, WL 3.8–4.2 (4.10) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.96, UFW:LFW 1.29, outline long trapezoid, vertex expanded. Scapi black; flagella short, black, yellow below. Face with white comma-shaped spots near orbits at level of scapi bases. Foveae faciales prolonged. Clypeus CL:CW 1.40, front third with broad smooth and glossy impression, this not limited above, but midst with a small tubercle; sculpture longitudinally striated, punctation moderate, sparse, slightly shiny. Frons striated below, upward increasingly punctate as wrinkle stripes, punctation strong, dense. Vertex expanded, rounded. Genae and occiput normal, malae prolonged. Labrum convex arched, smooth and shiny, with middle impression; mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma prolonged, depressed, black. Pilosity sparse, with white short, erect hairs. Bright spots on tegulae. Pronotum black, bulge expanded forward, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleurae finely shagreen, shining, punctation strong, close. Legs entirely black, distal tarsal segments brown; wings opaque, venation brown. Propodeum horizontal part short and steep, rounded; medial area not delimited by a carina, basally with weak rugose ridges, phased out distally into a coarse shagreen; terminal area not edged, rounded, punctation strong, subcontiguous, shiny.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-shaped, black. T1 smooth and shining, punctation strong, dense, depression without punctures; following terga punctate progressively finer; T1 with white lateral fringes, broadly interrupted white ciliary bands on depressions. Fringe of last sternum pale.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Type material: 6 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♀ SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape: Klaarstroom, Prince Albert, 01.– 31.10.1952, SAMC Expedition lg. [code SAM-HYM B010177].—In coll. Iziko Museum Cape Town.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: 5 ♀, same collecting data [code SAM-HYM B010177 4♀; B014791 1♀].—In coll. Iziko Musuem Cape Town, SANC Pretoria, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The name is an adjective, dedicated the Iziko Museum Cape Town; this term refers to the language of the indigenous ethnic group of the Xhosa.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D68FFE243B4CFA93E2CFE68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D6BFFFC43B4CD1A3F66FF40.text	03AC87CA4D6BFFFC43B4CD1A3F66FF40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) krebsianus (Strand 1912)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) krebsianus (Strand, 1912)</p>
            <p>Figures 30, 33, 92–95</p>
            <p> Prosopis krebsiana Strand, 1912: 33 . 1 ♀, South Africa: Kapland. Typus ♀ MNHU Berlin. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) krebsianus (Strand) : Bridwell 1919: 144; Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus krebsianus (Strand) : Cockerell 1932e: 171; Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 31. </p>
            <p> Prosopis immarginata Alfken, 1914: 187 . 1 ♀, S-Afrika [South Africa]:  Capland , Algoa Bay. Typus ♀ MNHU Berlin.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) immarginatus (Alfken) : Bridwell 1919: 137–138, ♂ new: 144; Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus immarginatus (Alfken) : Cockerell 1932e: 171; Cockerell 1936e: 3; Cockerell 1942: 2, 4, 13–14. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus abjunctus Cockerell, 1936e: 1–2 , 9. ♂. South Africa: Cape Province, Cape Town. Typus ♂ AMNH New York ac. 34242.— Cockerell 1942: 2, 15; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 26.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) abjunctus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is one of the larger species with strong punctation. The propodeum is rounded and the terminal area is punctate. The male mask is abbreviated above, particularly the side spots. Supraclypeal area is almost entirely black; the scapi are expanded above and clavate; the gonoforcipes are obliquely truncated. The female has long, white stripes adjacent to the orbits.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.9–6.0 (5.49) mm, WL 3.5–4.2 (3.80) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.97, UFW:LFW 1.71; outline trapezoid, face strongly converging downwards. Scapi black, elongate, apically with bulb-like extension that is smooth and shiny, SL:SW 1.8; mask white, paraocular marks only expanded up to upper clypeus margin, from there tapering to orbits. Supraclypeal area only below with narrow white mark. Clypeus CL:CW 1.63, slightly shining, disperse punctate.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact, white pilosity sparse, short, spreading. Pronotum, calli and tegulae entirely black. Pronotum narrow expanded forward, anterior margin rounded, lateral edges rounded. Mesonotum and scutellum shiny, shagreen, punctation strong, dense. Legs black, foretibiae bright in front, basitarsi bright; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum rounded, without carinae; medial area with reticular wrinkles, terminal area with moderate, dense to subcontiguous punctation.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact, black. T1 and T2 with strong dense punctation, following terga with finer punctation; T1 with white lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 30): genital capsule with gonoforcipes obliquely truncate, apically acute, penis valves midst open; S8 with base prolongate, tip short, S7 proximal lobi with ca. 10 long flattened comb bristles.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.4–6.8 (6.09) mm, WL 4.0–4.5 (4.23) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98, UFW:LFW 1.57. Face with long white stripes at orbits, clypeus sometimes with white spot. Clypeus CL:CW 1.35.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pilosity as in male, margins of pronotum and calli white tomentose; coloration entirely black, bright spots only on tegulae. Pronotum narrow, midst edged, laterally rounded, lateral edges blunt. Mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleurae with strong, dense punctation. Legs entirely black, spurs and bristles of tibiae and tarsi are bright. Propodeum (Fig. 33) rounded and punctate like in male.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact, black. T1 with strong, subcontiguous punctation, T2 apically punctation very finely dispersed, following terga shagreen, punctation in sculpture hardly recognizable; T1 with white lateral fringes.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 18 ♂, 26 ♀ coll. MNHU, NHML, OLBL, SAMC, SANC, TMSA.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Algoa Bay.— Northern Cape: Groenriviersmond, coast; Helderberg College; Kongo Mtn Resort, 33.31S 22.21E; Nieuwoudtville 10 km N, Farm Grasberg, dolerite hill, 31.18.01S 19.0542E, 800 m; Ouberg Pass, Fynbos, 27 km SE Vanrhynsdorp, 31.48.07S 18.55.00E, 380 m. — Western Cape: Barrydale; Bredasdorp 25 km S, coast; Cape Town; Du Toits Kloof, summit; Fishhook; George; Greyton, Riviersonderend; Klein Karoo SE Groot riv.; Stanford, 34.28610S 19.27256E; Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek; Strandfontein, 31.4511S 18.1337E, 42 m; Tradouw Pass, Swellendam Distr.; Villiersdorp, 33.58S 19.16E; Waboomskraal, 33.52S 22.22E; Witkrans Farm nr Gansbaai, 34.33253S 19.27376E; Ysterfontein; Zachariashoek, 33.8238S 19.0445E, 300 m.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Leucospermum sp. ,  Zygophyllum sp. (Gibson, label record);  Phylica pubescens (Giliomee, label record);  Schinus terebinthifolius (Toubert, label record). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D6BFFFC43B4CD1A3F66FF40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D75FFFD43B4CB523D89FDAA.text	03AC87CA4D75FFFD43B4CB523D89FDAA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) leucolippus (Friese 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) leucolippus (Friese, 1913)</p>
            <p>Figures 11, 96–97</p>
            <p> Prosopis leucolippa Friese, 1913a: 574 . 1 ♂, Deutsch Südwest-Afrika [Namibia]: Grotfontein. Typus ♂ MNHU Berlin; genital capsule prepared by HHD, Sterna 7 and 8 lacking.— Friese 1913b: 574; Alfken 1914: 191–192; Friese 1916: 417, 425–426. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) leucolippus (Friese) : Bridwell 1919: 145; Snelling 1985: 8; Rasmussen &amp; Ascher 2008: 65. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus leucolippus (Friese) : Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 31. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a small dainty species with a complete mask, bright mouth parts, yellow flagella and a strong punctation on T1. The terminal area of the propodeum is circumscribed by a sharp edge. The female is unknown. The species belongs to the curvicarinatus-group.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.4–4.8 (4.58) mm, WL 3.0–3.2 (3.15) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.06, UFW:LFW 1.64, outline expanded trapezoid. Scapi black, in front with a triangular white spot, short, not expanded, as wide as flagella, SL:SW 1.8; flagella long, yellow, little darker above; mask complete, ivory white. Clypeus CL:CW 1.48, silky shining, punctation moderate, close, anterior margin light brown; frons and vertex shiny, punctation strong, subcontiguous; wings expanded. Labrum and mandibles white.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pilosity inconspicuous, pronotum posterior margin with white felt band; pronotum laterally with two lines, calli and tegulae white. Pronotum slightly expanded forward, anterior margin lamellar sharp, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum silky shining, punctation strong, dense. Legs black, tibiae brightly colored basally and apically, foretibiae in front; tarsi brown; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum edged; medial area with coarse reticulate structure, shiny, distally delimited by a carina; terminal area surrounded by sharp margins.</p>
            <p>Metasoma. Slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, shiny, punctation strong, close, T2 similar, following terga shagreen without punctation; T1 with sparse, white lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 11): copulatory apparatus with short, blunt gonoforcipes, outline oval.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Namibia, South Africa, Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 3 ♂ coll. MNHU, OLBL.</p>
            <p>NAMIBIA. Grootfontein.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. KwaZulu-Natal: Maputaland, Emanguzi SW.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Bulawayo.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D75FFFD43B4CB523D89FDAA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D74FFFF43B4CD693DAEFE4B.text	03AC87CA4D74FFFF43B4CD693DAEFE4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) lightfooti Bridwell. Scale 1919	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) lightfooti Bridwell, 1919</p>
            <p>Figures 25, 45, 98–101</p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) lightfooti Bridwell, 1919: 137–138 , 145. 1 ♀ 1 ♂, South Africa: Cape Town. Syntypes USNM Washington, ♂ no. 50738, photos USNM Bee Collection website; male lacks head and metasoma, terminalia dissected but in poor condition, hard to recognize. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus lightfooti Bridwell : 1919: Cockerell 1932e: 171; Cockerell 1936e: 6; Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 31. </p>
            <p> Prosopis lightfooti (Bridwell) : Cockerell 1936p: 633. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) lightfooti Bridwell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus absonulus Cockerell, 1936e: 2 , 9. ♂. South Africa: Cape Province, George. Typus ♂ AMNH New York, ac.34242.— Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 26.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) absonulus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus reditus Cockerell 1936e: 6 . ♀. South Africa: Natal, National Park; Cape Province, Lady Grey. Typus ♀ AMNH New York, ac. 34187.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1942: 2, 14–15; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 34. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) reditus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This species has striking white pilosity, the propodeum is rounded with weak sculpture and is slightly shining. The male has a black supraclypeal area and the scapi are expanded apically. The female has a glossy impression on the anterior clypeal margin.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.4–5.5 (4.98) mm, WL 2.9–3.6 (3.27) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.00, UFW:LFW 1.67, outline trapezoid. Scapi black, matt, apically expanded, wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.7; flagella relatively short, yellow below, dark above; mask ivory white to yellow, slightly shining, supraclypeal area black. Clypeus CL:CW 1.75, scattered punctate, anterior margin black; frons and vertex with strong subcontiguous punctation.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pilosity pronounced, white, spreading, particularly below, but also on dorsal surfaces. Tegulae with bright spots. Pronotum black, narrow expanded forward, front edge sharp medially, sides and dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum and scutellum silky shining, punctation moderately close. Legs black, bases of tibiae, foretibiae in front and basitarsi bright, tarsi otherwise brown; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum rounded, matt, also basally sloped; medial area not delimited by a carina, separated only by a different sculpture, with fine longitudinal ridges; terminal area punctate.</p>
            <p>Metasoma spindle-shaped, black. T1 with moderate dense punctation, margin without punctures, T2 more dense and fine punctate; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 25): genital capsule with prolonged and sharpened gonoforcipes, penis valves narrow, S8 characteristic: apical lobi with lace, base expanded, S7 apical lobi broadened, basal lobi with 4 comb bristles.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.8–6.0 (5.39) mm, WL 3.5–4.1 (3.78) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.96, UFW:LFW 1.47, outline trapezoid. Face with short ivory white lines at orbits on level of scapi bases; foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.32, shagreen, slightly shining, punctation moderate, sparse to close, punctures sharp; with apical impression (Fig. 45); frons and vertex stout, with moderate, subcontiguous punctation.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pilosity less conspicuous than in male; tegulae with white spots. Pronotum black, narrow expanded forward, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, matt, punctation moderate, close to dense. Legs entirely black. Propodeum rounded, as in male finely sculptured, matt.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact, black. T1 silky shining, punctation moderate, dense to subcontiguous, T2 significantly finer punctate, punctation on following terga microscopic; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, following terga with white widely interrupted marginal bands on depressions.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 23 ♂ 36 ♀ coll. AMG, OLBL, SAMC, SANC, SDEI, USNM.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: East London NE, Kei Mouth; Grahamstown; Grahamstown, Bathurst; Grahamstown, Faraway Farm, 33.19S 26.31E; Grahamstown, G. Bainest; Grahamstown, Hilton; Grahamstown, Strowan; Kubusi State Forest, roadside 9.5 km WNW Stutterheim, 32.33S 27.20E, ca. 1000 m; Lady Grey; Mkhambathi Nature Reserve, 31.2641S 29.9578E.— Free State: Amattam Farm nr. Clarens., 28.32S 28.28E; Golden Gate National Park.— Gauteng: Pretoria, Faerie Glen Koppies, 25.46S 28.17E.— KwaZulu-Natal: Garden Castle, 29.74500S 29.21105E; Greytown 20 km N, 28.58S 30.34E, 1140 m; Giants Castle; Royal Natal National Park.— Mpumalanga: Bergvliet Forest Res. Sabie, 25.05S 30.54E; Lydenbrug 30 km NE, NR Ohrig; Nelspruit 20 km NW; Waterval Boven.— North West: Rustenburg Nature Reserve, 25.40S 27.12E.— Western Cape: Bains Kloof Pass (southern end); Cape Town; Cape Town, above Tokai Forest, Constantiaberge above Donkerboskloof, 460 m; George.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Harare.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D74FFFF43B4CD693DAEFE4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D76FFF843B4CA5A38F9FD75.text	03AC87CA4D76FFF843B4CA5A38F9FD75.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) lineaticeps (Friese 1913)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) lineaticeps (Friese, 1913)</p>
            <p>Figures 102–103</p>
            <p> Prosopis lineaticeps Friese, 1913a: 582–583 . 1♀, South Africa: Capland. Typus ♀ MNHU Berlin.— Friese 1913b: 573; Alfken 1914: 190–191; Cockerell 1932e: 171–172; Cockerell 1942: 2, 8–9. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) lineaticeps (Friese) : Bridwell 1919: 145–146; Snelling 1985: 8; Rasmussen &amp; Ascher 2008: 65. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus lineaticeps (Friese) : Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 31. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus subreditus Cockerell, 1942: 3–4 , 14–15. ♀, South Africa: Cape Province, Sommerset East. Typus ♀ NHM London, no. 17.a.1407; metasoma lacking.— Syn. n.— Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 36. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) subreditus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>The female has a distinct, mostly oval impression on the front of the clypeus (as in the dregei-group). It is characterized by prolonged paraorbital stripes and strong, dense punctation on the T1. The male is unknown.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.6–6.6 (5.97) mm, WL 3.7–4.4 (4.10) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.93, UFW:LFW 1.58, outline rounded trapezoid. Face with long white stripes at orbits between tentorial pits and foveae; foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.36, with broad impression on front edge, punctation moderate, close. Supraclypeal area comparably flat, above wide, gently connect to frons; frons and vertex with strong, dense to subcontiguous punctation.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pilosity sparse, short, white. Tegulae with pale spot. Pronotum black, fairly long angular expanded forward, anterior edge and its dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleuren matt, punctation moderate and dense. Legs entirely black; wings dimmed, venation dark. Propodeum rounded, without carinae, terminal area only laterally below sharp; medial area with wrinkled net, terminal area finely punctate.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-shaped, black. T1 with coarse, close punctation, intervals shiny, T2 something finer punctate, following terga with fine transverse rugose sculpture with merging punctures; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, following terga with white narrow interrupted marginal band on depressions.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 8 ♀ coll. AMG, MNHU, NHML, OLBL, SANC.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Algoa Bay; Somerset East.— Free State: Tussen-die-Riviere Res. nr. Bethulie, 30.30S 26.12E.— Western Cape: Ashton, Robertson; Greyton, Riviersonderend; Ladismith.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D76FFF843B4CA5A38F9FD75	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D71FFF943B4CC213F25F853.text	03AC87CA4D71FFF943B4CC213F25F853.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) melanosoma (Cockerell 1920)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) melanosoma (Cockerell, 1920)</p>
            <p>Figures 20, 41, 104–107</p>
            <p> Prosopis melanosoma Cockerell, 1920: 305–306 . ♀ ♂,   South Africa: Durban, Knysna (Cape  Colony ).  Typus ♀   NHM  London , no. 17.a.33, paratypus ♂  . </p>
            <p> Hylaeus melanosoma (Cockerell) : Cockerell 1932e: 172; Cockerell 1936e: 4–6, 7–8, 10–11; Cockerell 1942: 2, 4–5, 8, 11, 13; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 32. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) melanosoma (Cockerell) : Snelling 1985: 8 (as melanosomus). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> The terminalia of the male are characteristic in that the apical lobi of S7 are stretched distally, as in  H. paulyi sp. n. and  H. eardleyi sp. n. The female is similar to  H. perater , but with the metasoma significantly more finely sculptured. </p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 5.0–5.6 (5.29) mm, WL 3.4–3.5 (3.53) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.93, UFW:LFW 1.86, outline short trapezoid. Scapi black, short conical, slightly wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.5; flagella long, yellow, dark above. Mask yellowish white, complete, side marks exceed scapi bases, tapering to orbits; foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.63, silky shining, dispersed punctuate. Frons and vertex densely punctate. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma prolonged, depressed. Pronotum, calli and tegulae black. Pronotum little expanded forward; anterior margin edged, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum silky shining, punctation moderate, close. Legs black, with bright marks on foretibiae in front, basitarsi and tarsi, otherwise legs dark; wings hyalin, venation brown. Propodeum edged, medial area with a row of meshes, distal limited by a transverse ridge, terminal area roughly punctate, medial furrow deep.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, punctation fine, sparse, T2 and following terga with punctation either minute, scattered or altogether absent; side fringes missing. Terminalia (Fig. 20): gonoforcipes expanded and pointed, S8 distally blunt, S7 with apical lobi expanded and stretched, basal lobi shortened, with numerous bristles.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.5–6.0 (5.75) mm, WL 4.8–5.3 (5.06) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.95, UFW:LFW 1.33, outline rounded. Flagella yellow brown below. Face black or with small white spots near orbits above scapi bases, formed partly as interrupted lines; foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.04, slightly shining, at anterior margin slightly expanded, but not bent up (Fig. 41).</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum, calli and tegulae black. Pronotum expanded forward, edged, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum matt, punctation moderate, dense to subcontiguous; mesopleurae shallow punctate, punctation strong, dense to close. Legs entirely black. Propodeum angle-rounded, terminal area at sides with sharp ridge, extending into lower edges of lateral areas; medial area distally with transverse median ridge.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 finely shagreen, punctation sparsely and fine to scattered minute, silky shining; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Burundi, Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 4 ♂, 4 ♀ coll. NHML, OLBL, SANC.</p>
            <p>BURUNDI. Ruvubu National Park, Ruvubu River, 02.59.20S 30.28.12E, 1401 m.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. KwaZulu-Natal: Durban.— Western Cape: Knysna.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Chimanimani National Park.</p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> Apical lobi of S7 stretched distally, forming either a group with  H. paulyi sp. n. and  H. eardleyi sp. n. , or, considering the shape of S8, belonging to the tinctulus-group. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D71FFF943B4CC213F25F853	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D73FFFA43B4CFA93FD0F8D7.text	03AC87CA4D73FFFA43B4CFA93FD0F8D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) nottoni Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) nottoni sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 108–109</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This is one of the larger species with strong to moderate punctation and matt integument. It is similar to  H. rugipunctus , but with the T2 distinctly more finely punctate than T1. The broad parts of tergal depressions have fine punctation only. The male is not known. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.6–6.6 (6.22) mm, WL 4.0–4.6 (4.39) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.94, UFW:LFW 1.64, outline transversely rounded. Face with two, sometimes abridged, yellowish stripes on lower areas near orbits; foveae long, shiny. Clypeus black, CL:CW 1.19, shagreen, with distinct punctation, matt; upper part of supraclypeal area nearly circular, flat, with less elevated carinae. Frons and vertex with moderate to strong, dense punctation.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum with yellowish band, bright spots on tegulae. Pronotum expanded forward, anterior margin edged, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum matt, with moderate, dense punctation. Legs black; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum rounded, sloping from base; medial area roughly wrinkled, not marginate, delimited only by change in structure; lateral areas distinctly punctate; terminal area finely wrinkled, with sharp lateral edges only below.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact, coloration black. T1 finely shagreen, shining; punctation moderate, dense, partially running, towards the margin becoming finer up to minute; T2 distinctly finer punctate than T1, slightly shining; T1 with white lateral fringes, depressions of following terga with narrow felt band. Fringe of last sternum bright.</p>
            <p>Type material: 9 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♀ SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Katberg, 11.– 18.02.1933, R.E. Turner lg. (series no.7).—In coll. NHM London.</p>
            <p> Paratypes: SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Katberg 4000 ft. (ca. 1200 m), 14.– 26.11.1932, 1♀, R.E. Turner lg. (series no.7), Brit. Mus. 1932-577, paratypus of  H. simulans Cockerell, 1942 . Grahamstown, 11.11.1958, 1♀, C. Jacot-Guillarmod, coll. AMG; 15.10.1953, 1♀, 03.12.1952, 1♀, E. McC.Callan lg., coll. AMG; 15.11.1964, 1♀, 04.12.1964, 1♀, D.J. Brothers lg. coll. AMG. Grahamstown, Botanical Gardens, 33.19S 26.31E, 23.12.1981, 1♀, P.G. Hawkes &amp; P.M.C. Croeser lg., coll SAMC [SAM-HYM B014792]. Port Brown, 06.08.1918, 1♀, Miss Warton lg.—In coll. AMG, NHML, SANC, SDEI. </p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>This new species is dedicated Mr David G. Notton, Senior Curator of The Natural History Museum London.</p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> When Cockerell (1942: 14) described  Hylaeus simulans as a new species from R.E. Turner’s "Series 7", he designated Mossel Bay (Cape Province, South Africa) as the type locality, but mentioning also an additional location, Katberg (Cape Province). The type series of  H. simulans Ckll. is preserved in the London collection and consists of the holotype, type specimen no. 17.a.1404, and four paratypes which all originate from Mossel Bay, and there is one female paratypus from Katberg. </p>
            <p> Recently D. Notton located in the NHML collection another female from Katberg, collected by R.E. Turner and obviously belonging to that Series 7, but without a name label. The two available females from Katberg, one of them a paratypus of  H. simulans , are obviously specimens of an undescribed species. They differ from the  H. simulans type series primarily by their round face and the fine punctation of T2. Although the tergite punctation varies among specimens of  H. simulans [now  H. rugipunctus (Alfken) ], the difference to the new species is substantial. Moreover it is striking that  H. simulans was captured in March and April at sea level, while the new species was found in November at an altitude of 4000 feet (ca. 1200 m). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D73FFFA43B4CFA93FD0F8D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D72FFF543B4CC8539F5FC80.text	03AC87CA4D72FFF543B4CC8539F5FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) oromialis Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) oromialis sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 19, 110–113</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This species is of the tinctulus-group. The male is well characterized by the transversely truncate mask and the short genital capsule. In general it is similar to  H camerunensis sp. n. The female is difficult to determine as are most of the females in this species group. </p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.4–5.0 (4.62) mm, WL 3.6–4.0 (3.74) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.96, UFW:LFW 1.90; outline transversely elliptical. Face strongly converging below, in middle bulged, frons retreating. Scapi black, conical expanded, at end wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.83; flagella long, black, yellow below. Mask ivory white, complete, white patches transversely truncated above at height of scapi bases, rounded at orbits. Foveae faciales clearly, short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.80, shagreen, matt, punctation fine, scattered. Supraclypeal area formed channel-like above. Frons shiny, scapus field without punctation, laterally with wrinkle-streaked punctation, below and on vertex with strong, subcontiguous punctation. Pilosity with scattered erect white hairs, head underside dense and long haired. Genae, occiput and malae normal. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma depressed; pilosity pronounced, white, especially ventrally and laterally, including propodeum, white toment stripes on posterior margin of pronotum. Pronotum, calli and tegulae entirely black. Pronotum slightly expanded forward; anterior margin in middle sharp, sides sloping outwards. Mesonotum, scutellum and mesopleurae shagreen, matt, punctation strong, close. Legs black, bright are foretibiae in front, mid and hind basitarsi; wings hyaline, venation black. Propodeum edged, matt; medial area transversely impressed, with longitudinal ridges, distally delimited by an irregular carina; terminal area with sharp lateral margins, continued to lower edges of lateral areas, surface coarsely punctate, its median sulcus deep, widened upwards to edge of medial area.</p>
            <p>Metasoma stocky spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, punctation fine, sparse; T2 with minute, sparse punctation, punctures shallow; following terga shagreen, punctation very indistinct or absent. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 19): genital capsule short and compact, gonoforcipes and penis valves approximately same length; S8 anterior margin deeply emarginate; S7 proximal lobi with 3 comb teeth.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.2–5.5 (5.32) mm, WL 4.0–4.2 (4.10) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0,97, UFW:LFW 1,12, outline almost circular, vertex somewhat raised. Scapi black; flagella short, below yellow, top black. Face black except two tiny spots below foveae. Foveae faciales prolonged up to vertex. Clypeus CL:CW 1,40, shagreen, matt, punctation fine, sparse, punctures small, but clearly circumscribed. Supraclypeal area above and frons next to frontline contiguously punctate. Frons shagreen, matt, punctation shallow moderate, subcontiguous to dense, vertex above contiguous. Genae and occiput normal, malae narrow. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma long, depressed; pilosity clear, especially ventrally and laterally, projecting long white hairs, also on metanotum and propodeum. Pronotum at posterior margin white tomentose. Pronotum, calli and tegulae black. Pronotum laterally expanded forward, anterior margin in middle with sharp edge, sides sloping outward. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, matt, punctation moderate, close; mesopleurae shallower punctate than mesonotum; mesepisternum rounded in front. Legs entirely black; wings hyaline, venation black. Propodeum rounded, matt; medial area transversely impressed, basally a shiny row of meshes, apically delimited by coarse irregular carina; terminal area matt, side margins sharply below, surface finely sculptured and punctate, median sulcus deep, expanded upward to a triangular shagreen field.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact, spindle-shaped; black. T1 finely shagreen, shiny, punctation fine, sparse; following terga increasingly rough shagreen and finer punctate. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, T2 and T3 with broadly interrupted end bands. Fringe of last sternum yellowish.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Ethiopia.</p>
            <p>Type material: 3 ♂, 5 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ ETHIOPIA. Oromia: Holeta, 09.04N 38.30E, 2450 m, 01.01.2011, Zewdu &amp; Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: ETHIOPIA. Oromia: Muketuri, 09.33N 38.52E, 07.10.2010, 1 ♂, 3 ♀; Holeta, 09.04N 38.30E, 2450 m, 01.01.2011, 1 ♂, 2 ♀, all Zewdu &amp; Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels, HBRC Addis Ababa, SANC Pretoria, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The name is an adjective and refers to the Oromia Region, a regional state of Ethiopia, where the new species was collected.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of Amarante sp.,  Brassica sp. ,  Ruta chalepensis ,  Echium plantagineum (Zewdu &amp; Pauly, label record). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D72FFF543B4CC8539F5FC80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D7CFFF643B4CCB23EDCFC19.text	03AC87CA4D7CFFF643B4CCB23EDCFC19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) pamelae Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) pamelae sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 114–115</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a large dark species, with a rounded head and pronounced matt sculpture. Its propodeum is sloping, rounded and with dense punctation. The male is unknown.</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Female. TL 7.68 mm, WL 4.96 mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.91, UFW:LFW 1.58, outline transversely elliptical. Scapi black; flagella short, yellow below, dark above. Face entirely black. Foveae faciales long, expanded to vertex. Clypeus CL:CW 1.07, flat, anterior margin somewhat bent, shagreen and matt, punctation strong, close. Supraclypeal area wide. Frons and vertex with coarse, subcontiguous to contiguous punctation, pilosity inconspicuous; genae thickened, malae expanded. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact, pilosity white, short, sparse, denser and longer ventrally and adjacent to metanotum. Pronotum in front with bright stripe, calli and tegulae black. Pronotum narrow expanded forward; anterior margin and dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, matt, with strong to coarse, close punctation; mesopleurae similar, mesonotum somewhat finer sculptured. Legs entirely black, wings darkened, venation black. Propodeum rounded, distally strongly sloping, with fine sculpture, punctation strong, subcontiguous; medial area limited only by wrinkled sculpture, without carina; terminal area laterally sharply edged.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-shaped; black. T1 finely striate, silky shining, punctation moderate, dense to close, towards the end finer and denser; T2 with fine, dense punctation, following terga without significant puncturing, matt; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes; broadly interrupted white cilia bands on depressions of following terga. Fringe of last sternum pale.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa.</p>
            <p>Type material: 1 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♀ SOUTH AFRICA. KwaZulu-Natal: Kamberg, Forest, 29.37611S 2961654E, 2100 m, 13.01.2006, ARC leg.—In coll. SANC Pretoria.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>I dedicate this new species Mrs Pamela Eardley.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D7CFFF643B4CCB23EDCFC19	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D7FFFF043B4CCCA3F11FC80.text	03AC87CA4D7FFFF043B4CCCA3F11FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) paulyi Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) paulyi sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 21, 39, 116–119</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>The species is slender and petite, the face is in outline transversely round. According to the male terminalia, it belongs to the melanosoma-group, i.e., the distal lobi of the S7 are stretched, flattened and apically truncate, the proximal lobi bear numerous fine pale bristles. The scapi of the male are expanded.</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.1–5.0 (4.59) mm, WL 3.2–3.6 (3.43) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.91, UFW:LFW 2.15; outline transverse trapezoid. Scapi black, conical, apically expanded with smooth bulb, wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.70; flagella long, yellow below, dark above. Mask white, supraclypeal area black. Foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.62, silky shining, shallow and sparsely punctate. Supraclypeal area with sharply bent side ridges. Frons below with large shallow punctures, punctation above moderate, subcontiguous, with white erect pilosity. Genae, occiput and malae normal. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma with normal shape; pilosity short, white, toment band at edges of pronotum, calli, mesonotum, metanotum and propodeum. Pronotum, calli and tegulae entirely black. Pronotum narrow expanded forward; anterior margin in middle sharp, laterally sloping forward-outside. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, silky shining, punctation fine to moderate, close. Mesopleurae shagreen, matt, punctation indistinct. Legs black, bright are tibiae base, foretibiae in front, basitarsi above, rest of tarsi dark; wings browned, venation brown. Propodeum edged, glossy; medial area transversely depressed, with longitudinal ridges basally, distally delimited by a carina; terminal area only laterally sharply marginate, extending to lower edge of lateral areas.</p>
            <p> Metasoma slim, slender spindle-shaped; black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, punctation indistinct, minute and scattered. T1 with narrow white side fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 21) similar to  H. melanosoma , genital capsule with gonoforcipes rounded apically, S7 with distal lobi as expanded lamellae. </p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.7–5.2 (5.01) mm, WL 3.7–4.2 (3.93) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.93, UFW:LFW 1.51, outline transversely elliptical; vertex raised. Scapi black; flagella short, yellow below, dark above. Face with very narrow, interrupted white lines at orbits below foveae. Foveae faciales long up to vertex. Clypeus CL:CW 1.17, shagreen, matt, with large but shallow punctures, downwards indistinct limited (Fig. 39). Supraclypeal area wide with flat side edges. Frons and vertex streaky shallow punctate, contiguous. Genae and occiput normal, malae narrow. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma normal; pilosity denser than usual, particularly on underside, posterior edges of pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum and on lateral surfaces of propodeum. Tegulae with white spot. Pronotum black, slightly expanded forward, only middle with sharp edge, sides sloping to forward-outside. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, silky shining, punctation fine to moderate, close. Mesopleurae shagreen, matt, punctation indistinct. Legs entirely black; wings darkened, venation black. Propodeum edged, matt; medial area narrow, with a series of shiny meshes, distally delimited by a carina, behind it a vertical shagreen, matt area above broad central furrow; terminal area laterally with sharp ridges extending to the lateral areas, its surface punctate, matt.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender, spindle-shaped; black. T1 finely shagreen, silky shining, punctation minute, scattered, indistinct. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, depression of following terga with ciliar band. Fringe of last sternum pale.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Cameroon.</p>
            <p>Type material: 18 ♂, 17 ♀</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ CAMEROON. Adamaoua: Beka nr Ngaoundere, 07.17N 13.19E, 24.07.1987, Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: CAMEROON. Adamaoua: Louga W Ngaoundere, 07.05N 13.12E, 24.07.1987, 1 ♂; Tékel, 06.47N 13.10E, 24.07.1987, 16 ♂, 17 ♀, all Pauly lg.—In coll. RBINS Brussels, SANC Pretoria, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p>The new species is dedicated to Mr Alain Pauly, Brussels, for his valuable contributions to the exploration of the African bees.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Harungana madagascariensis (Pauly, label record). </p>
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03AC87CA4D79FFF243B4CCB23EDDFE30.text	03AC87CA4D79FFF243B4CCB23EDDFE30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) perater Cockerell 1936	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) perater Cockerell, 1936</p>
            <p>Figures 31, 120–123</p>
            <p> Hylaeus perater Cockerell, 1936e: 4–5 . 3 ♀ 1 ♂, Belgian Congo [DR Congo): Tshibinda. Typus ♀ AMNH New York, ac. 34187. Paratypes in NHM London: 1 ♀ from  Tshibinda , 1 ♂ 1 ♀ S. Rhodesia [Zimbabwe]: Vumba, Umtali.— Cockerell 1942: 2, 4, 13–14. Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 33. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) perater Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus tinctulus extensicornis Cockerell, 1936e : Amer. Mus. Novit. no. 847: 10. ♀, Belgian Congo [DR Congo]: Burunga 29.18E 1.30S. Typus ♀ AMNH New York, ac. 34187.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus extensicornis Cockerell : Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 29. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) extensicornis Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> The male of  H. perater Cockerell can hardly be mistaken for the bulging, completely black face and the globular, thickened scapi. The differences between the females of this group are slight. </p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 5.4–5.7 (5.48) mm, WL 4.0–4.1 (4.06) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.91, UFW:LFW 1.99, outline transversely oval, strongly arched with vertex sloping, face strongly converging downwards. Scapi black, globosely expanded, shiny, much wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.7; flagella long, black, underside slightly lighter. Face entirely black, no mask. Clypeus CL:CW 1.59, black, silky shining, midst longitudinally flat depressed. Supraclypeal area very narrow; frons coriaceous sculptured, laterally towards orbits densely punctate, punctation strong, subcontiguous. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Shape stretched, pronotum, calli and tegulae black. Pronotum evenly slim expanded forward, margin following curvature of mesonotum, pronotal front edge midst sharp, otherwise edged. Mesonotum and scutellum matt, punctation moderate, close. Legs black, only foretibiae in front pale; wings darkened, venation dark. Propodeum rounded, matt, little sculpted, punctation roughly; medial area flat depressed, with weak wrinkles; terminal area edged, only sharp in lower part.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, punctation fine, sparse, following terga without apparent punctation; lateral fringes of T1 indistinct. Terminalia Fig. 31; S 8 with slender apical process.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 6.30 mm, WL 4.79 mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.92, UFW:LFW 1.50, outline transversely trapezoid. Flagella short, black. Face black. Clypeus CL:CW 1.19, front edge arched, but without smooth impression, middle area flattened.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum, calli and tegulae black. Pronotum as in male. Mesonotum and scutellum matt, punctation moderate, close. Legs entirely black; wings blackened, venation dark. Propodeum rounded, shaped as in male.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black; terga silky shining, T1 shagreen, punctation fine, close, T2 with minute, sparse punctation, following only shagreen; with narrow white lateral fringes at T1 and T2.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Zimbabwe (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Ethiopia, Kenya.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 6 ♂, 3 ♀ coll. AMNH, NHML, RBINS, SANC, SDEI</p>
            <p>DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Tshibinda; Burunga.</p>
            <p>ETHIOPIA. Bale, Goba, 07.01N 39.59E.</p>
            <p>KENYA. Central Province, Kikuyu.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Chimanimani, Melsetter, 1400 m; Claremont Estate, nr Juliasdale, 18.47S 32.41E; Vumba, Umtali.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Guizotia scabra ,  Tagetes minuta (Ethiopia, Zewdu &amp; Pauly, label record). </p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> According to the male terminalia, this species is probably closely related to  H. robertianus ,  H. krebsianus and  H. gabonicus (robertianus-group). The punctation on T1 can vary, in the material studied it is a little closer in males of Zimbabwe, and more fine in males from Kenya. </p>
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03AC87CA4D7BFFF343B4CEE23F94F96E.text	03AC87CA4D7BFFF343B4CEE23F94F96E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) promontorii Meade-Waldo. Scale 1923	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) promontorii Meade-Waldo, 1923</p>
            <p>Figures 12, 37, 124–127</p>
            <p> Prosopis longula Friese 1913a: 583 . 1 ♂, Rhodesia [Zimbabwe]: Bulawayo. Typus ♂ MNHU Berlin.— Friese 1913b: 574; Alfken 1914: 192; Friese 1916: 425; Cockerell 1920: 306; Rasmussen &amp; Ascher 2008: 66. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) longulus (Friese) : Bridwell 1919: 138, 146–147; Snelling 1985: 8 (as  longula ). </p>
            <p> Hylaeus promontorii Meade-Waldo, 1923 : nomen novum for  Prosopis longula Friese, 1913 not  Prosopis longula Pérez, 1903 .— Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 34. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) promontorii Meade-Waldo : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus rhodognathus Cockerell, 1936e: 4 , 7–8. ♂, Belgian Congo [DR Congo]: S of Bukavu. Typus ♂ AMNH New York, ac. 34242.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 34. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) rhodognathus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p> This is one of the smallest  Deranchylaeus species (together with  H. xanthostoma and  H. venustus ). The fine sculpture and shield-like shape of the propodeum are diagnostic. The mask of the male and the mouth parts are pale yellow. It belongs to the curvicarinatus-group. </p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 3.4–4.8 (4.17) mm, WL 2.4–3.3 (2.86) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98, UFW:LFW 1.69, shape prolonged trapezoid. Scapi short cylindrical, apically with a light spot, SL:SW 1.7; flagella long, mostly pale yellow. Mask light yellow, complete, side patches reaching up to antenna bases, lower (or upper) half of supraclypeal area yellow. Clypeus CL:CW 1.49, slightly shining. Frons and vertex with moderate, close punctation, punctures shallow. Labrum and mandibles white.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum with two yellow lines, calli and tegulae pale. Pronotum narrow; anterior margin lamellate, sharp toward corners, posterolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum with moderate, close punctation. Legs black, except basis and top of tibiae, tarsi; wings hyalin, venation brown. Propodeum edged, terminal area sharp around, shield-like sublime, angles between terminal area and lateral area pointed, medial area with few longitudinal wrinkles.</p>
            <p>Metasoma narrow spindle-shaped, black. Sculpture fine shagreen, silky shining, punctation of T1 minute, scattered, still recognizable. Terminalia (Fig. 12): genital capsule regularly oval in outline, S8 apically blunt, S7 basal lobi with 5 setae, of curvicarinatus type.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.5–5.0 (4.81) mm, WL 2.8–3.8 (3.39) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98, UFW:LFW 1.49, outline nearly circular. Face with short bright lines near foveae. Clypeus CL:CW 1.43, sculpture Fig. 37.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Coloration entirely black. Pronotum little expanded forward, edged in front, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum slightly shining; mesopleurae only shallowly punctate, matt; propodeal terminal area with surrounding margin, ridge between lateral and terminal area not always very clear, otherwise as in male.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 with narrow white bands on depressions broadly interrupted; sculpture otherwise as in male.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa, Zimbabwe (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria, Kenya, Mozambique.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 149 ♂, 3 ♀ coll. AMG, MNHU, AMNH, OLBL, SANC, TMSA.</p>
            <p>DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. S of Bukavu.</p>
            <p>KENYA. Malindi 15 km S, 03.18S 40.00E; Sagala env.; Voi env., Tsavo.</p>
            <p>MOZAMBIQUE. Manicata, Chimoio 70 km SE.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Addo 20 km NE, 33.24S 25.56E, 400 m. — KwaZulu-Natal: Maputaland, eManguzi SW; Tembe Elephant Park, env. Jozini.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Bulawayo; Masvingo 80 km E, Nyika.</p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p>The male is rather abundant, however only a few females are hitherto known.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D7BFFF343B4CEE23F94F96E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D7AFF8E43B4C8173C80FC80.text	03AC87CA4D7AFF8E43B4C8173C80FC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) robertianus (Cameron 1906)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) robertianus (Cameron, 1906)</p>
            <p>Figures 28, 43, 128–131</p>
            <p> Prosopis robertiana Cameron, 1906: 324–325 . ♂, South Africa: Cape Colony, Pearston. Typus ♂ NHM London, no. 17.a.17.— Friese 1909: 110, 114–115, 128, 134; Strand 1912: 27, 30. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus robertianus (Cameron) : Cockerell 1936e: 9; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 34–35. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) robertiana (Cameron) : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Prosopis atriceps Friese, 1911: 127–130 . 3 ♀ 1 ♂, South Africa: N. Transvaal, Shilouvane. Syntypes MNHU Berlin, ♂ labeled "Shilouvane N. Transvaal 10. (Junod)" designated as lectotypus here; ♀ with same data designated as paralectotypus.— Syn. n.— Strand 1912: 27; Friese 1913a: 583; Friese 1913b: 574; Alfken 1914: 187–188; Friese 1916: 422; Friese 1941: 98. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus atriceps (Friese) : Cockerell 1936e: 1, 5–6, 9–10; Cockerell 1942: 2. Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 27. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) atriceps (Friese) : Bridwell 1919: 140; Snelling 1985: 8; Rasmussen &amp; Ascher 2008: 27. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus cf. atriceps (Friese) : Struck 1994: 13. </p>
            <p> Prosopis atriceps var. major Strand 1912: 27 , 33. 1 ♀, Tanzania:  Nyassa-See , Langenburg. Typus ♀ MNHU Berlin.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus atriceps major (Strand) : Cockerell 1942: 2. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) major (Strand) : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus major (Strand) : Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 32. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus tenuis var. dominae Cockerell 1936e: 2 , 6, 8–9. 3 ♂, South Africa: Cape Province, Lady Grey. Typus ♂ NHM London, no. 17.a.34.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus tenuis dominae Cockerell : Cockerell 1942: 3. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) dominae Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus dominae Cockerell : Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 29. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus punctiferus Cockerell, 1936e: 5–6 . ♀, South Africa: Natal, Durban. Typus ♀ AMNH New York, ac. 34187.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 34. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus punctifrons Cockerell, 1936 in Snelling 1985: 8; obviously  H. punctiferus is incorrectly spelled as "punctfrons" with no nomenclatural relevance, defined as nomen nudum by Eardley &amp; Urban (2910: 34). </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) punctiferus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus sanctus Cockerell, 1936e: 2 , 7–8. ♂, S. Rhodesia [Zimbabwe]: Christmas Pass, Umtali. Typus ♂ AMNH New York, ac. 34187.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 35. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) sanctus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus sublucens Cockerell, 1936e: 5 , 8. ♀, South Africa: Transvaal, Louis Trichardt. Typus ♀ AMNH New York, ac. 34187.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1942: 3; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 36. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) sublucens Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus varians Cockerell, 1936e: 8 , 10–11. 4♂, S-Rhodesia [Zimbabwe]: Christmas Pass, Umtali. Typus ♂ AMNH New York, ac. 34242.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1942: 3–4. </p>
            <p> Prosopis totana Warncke, 1972: 748 , nomen novum for  Hylaeus varians Cockerell, 1936 not  Prosopis varians Spinola, 1806 .— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus multifarius Eardley &amp; Urban, 2010: 33 , nomen novum for  Hylaeus varians Cockerell, 1936 not  Prosopis varians Spinola, 1806 .— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) varians Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a dainty species with fine sculpture. The male mask is transversely truncate above forming a shallow bow at the level of the scapi bases. The clypeus is remarkably long and the supraclypeal area is narrow. The scapi are expanded, apically they are wider than the flagella. The female has small comma-shaped spots adjacent to the orbits.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.0–5.1 (4.50) mm, WL 3.2–3.5 (3.34) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.95, UFW:LFW 1.96, outline trapezoid. Scapi black, basally conical, apically bulbous this wider than flagella, vault shiny, SL:SW 1.8; flagella long, segments 2–11 yellow below, brown above; mask complete, pale yellow, upper edge a single arch, side patches tapering to orbits; foveae faciales short. Clypeus long, CL:CW 1.72, surface matt. Supraclypeal area narrow, below half as wide as distance to adjacent orbits; frons and vertex with strong punctation in rugose stripes. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma depressed, pilosity white, erect, conspicuous on under side of head, mesosoma and femora I; tegulae with white spot. Pronotum black, edged, expanded forward; anterior margin angular, dorsolateral angles obtuse. Mesonotum and scutellum with moderately close punctation. Legs black, bright patches on tibia bases, on foretibiae in front, and on basitarsi. Propodeum moderately sculptured, only medial area with longitudinal ridges, medial area circumscribed by sharp carina, terminal area with sharp lateral edges, without carinae on lateral areas.</p>
            <p> Metasoma long, slender spindle-shaped, black. Terga finely shagreen, silky shining, punctation minute, sparse. T1 with narrow white lateral fringes, following terga with fine cilia stocking. Terminalia (Fig. 28): genital capsule with oval outline, gonoforcipes short, rounded, S8 expanded, with front edge emarginate, S7 apical lobi short, compact, basal lobi with 4 fine comb bristles, close to  H. gabonicus . </p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.0–5.9 (5.51) mm, WL 3.5–4.3 (3.72) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98, UFW:LFW 1.46, outline trapezoid rounded. Face with yellowish white comma patches near orbits at level of antennal sockets. Clypeus CL:CW 1.15, with fine, sparse punctation, punctures clearly delimited.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma prolonged, depressed. Pilosity as in male, white tomentum also around antennal bases. Tegulae with bright spots. Pronotum black, expanded forward, front edge margin raised, their dorsolateral angles blunt (Fig. 43). Mesonotum and scutellum with moderate, dense punctation; mesopleurae with somewhat scattered punctation. Legs black, only foretibiae in front with pale stripes. Propodeum edged, sculpted moderately; medial area with longitudinal ridges, apically delimited by transverse carina; terminal area laterally sharp, towards lateral areas only with blunt edges, medial furrow deep.</p>
            <p>Metasoma narrow spindle-shaped, black. Sculpture fine, as in male, silky shining. T1 with white lateral fringes, T2 to T5 with narrow white terminal bands.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Burundi, Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 45 ♂, 84 ♀ coll. AMNH, MNHU, NHML, OLBL, RBINS, TMSA.</p>
            <p>BURUNDI. Ruvubu National Park, Ruvubu River, 02.59.20S 30.28.12E, 1401 m.</p>
            <p>KENYA. Taita Hills, Wundanyi; Voi env., Tsavo.</p>
            <p>MALAWI. Liongwe 80 km E; Liongwe 85 km SE, Dedza.</p>
            <p>MOZAMBIQUE. Guro 15 km S, 17.33S 33.16E, 800 m; Inhambane pr., Massinga 25 km N.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape: Grahamstown; Grahamstown, Belmont Valley; Grahamstown, Hilton; Groendal Uitenhage; Howlson’s Poort, 33.22S 26.29E; Lady Grey; Nature Reserve 10 km SE Alexandria; Pearston; Pine Tree Lodge; Willowmore.— Free State: Amattam Farm nr. Clarens., 28.32S 28.28E.— Gauteng: Mondeor Hills; Pretoria City; Pretoria, Faerie Glen Koppies, 25.46S 28.17E; Roodeplaat, 25.36S 28.21E.— KwaZulu-Natal: Eshowe env.; Greytown 20 km N, 28.58S 30.34E, 1140 m; Pongola 25 km S, 27.34S 31.35E, 510 m; Weenen, 2840 ft. — Limpopo: Altona Farm Tzaneen, 23.45S 30.04E; Louis Trichardt; O.T.K. Reserve nr Loskopdam, 25.27S 29.24E; Ryfontein Farm 15 km SE Tzaneen, 23.54S 29.45E; Shilouvane.— Mpumalanga: Lydenbrug 20 km SW.— Western Cape: Klein Karoo, Ladismith; Oudtshoorn; Touws River.</p>
            <p>TANZANIA. Nyassa-See, Langenburg.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Chimanimani National Park; Christmas Pass, Umtali; Mavhuradonha 15 km SE; Muzarabani; Plumtree; Samva 25 km NE, Nyagui r. (Bindura); Springquelle.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Foeniculum vulgare (FW Gess, label record);  Allophylus africanus ,  Vernonia sp. (Pauly, label record). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D7AFF8E43B4C8173C80FC80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D07FF8843B4CCB238EAFCE5.text	03AC87CA4D07FF8843B4CCB238EAFCE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) rugipunctus (Alfken 1914)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) rugipunctus (Alfken, 1914)</p>
            <p>Figures 26, 132–135</p>
            <p> Prosopis rugipuncta Alfken, 1914: 192–193 . 1 ♀ 4 ♂, South Africa:  Capland , Willowmore. Syntypes MNHU Berlin, ♂ labeled "Capland Willowmore 20.2.1904 Dr. Brauns" designated here as lectotypus; ♀ ♂ with same data designated as paralectotypes here. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus rugipunctus (Alfken) : Cockerell 1942: 2 (as  rugipuncta ); Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 35. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) rugipunctus (Alfken) : Bridwell 1919: 147; Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) simulans Cockerell, 1942: 2 , 14. 7 ♀, South Africa: Cape Province, Mossel Bay; Katberg 4000 ft. Typus ♀ NHM London, no. 17.a.1404.— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus simulans Cockerell, 1942: 2 , 14; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 36. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) simulans Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is one of the larger species; the total length is 5 mm (males) or 6 mm (females). The punctation is strikingly strong. The head is short, the male mask is pale yellow, the supraclypeal area is black and the female has long paraocular stripes. The legs are black.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.4–5.8 (5.25) mm, WL 3.3–4.2 (3.76) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.94, UFW:LFW 1.79; shape short trapezoid. Scapi black, slender, conoid, SL:SW 1.6; flagella long, yellow, brown above; mask light yellow, complete, except supraclypeus black. Clypeus with straight sides, CL:CW 1.53; frons and vertex with dense, coarse punctation. Labrum black, mandibles with brown tips.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum with two stripes, calli black, tegulae each with a bright spot. Pronotum narrow expanded forward, anterior margin in the middle sharp-edged, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum with coarse, dense punctation. Legs black, except pale stripes at foretibiae in front and bright tarsi; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum coarsely grid wrinkled; medial area with larger meshes, apically with transverse ridge.</p>
            <p> Metasoma compact spindle-shaped, black. T1 with coarse, contiguous punctation, depression laterally with finer punctation, T2 similar T1, with almost impuncate depression, T3–T5 with shallow punctation; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 26): outline of genital capsule oval, gonoforcipes flat apically, S8 short compact, S7 without long comb teeth, comparable to  H. capicola . </p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.5–7.0 (6.16) mm, WL 4.0–5.0 (4.40) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.93, UFW:LFW 1.65, outline short trapezoid. Face with narrow yellowish white paraocular stripes, sometimes with bright spot on clypeus. Clypeus CL:CW 1.27, shallow punctate; frons and vertex with rows of coarse punctures.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pilosity sparse, only longer at sides of metanotum; coloration: white stripe on pronotum, tegulae each with a bright spot. Pronotum narrow expanded forward, anterior margin edged, at most in a small central region sharp, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum matt, punctation coarse, dense. Legs black; wings darkened, venation brown. Propodeum somewhat finer sculptured than in male, with ridge between lateral and terminal areas; surface of lateral and terminal areas with distinct punctation.</p>
            <p>Metasoma black; sculpture smooth and shining. Punctation of T1 strong, partially running towards the middle margin finer, depression subcontiguous finely punctate; following terga with moderate, close punctation. T1 with white lateral fringes, T2 with interrupted white terminal band.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Namibia, Uganda.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 31 ♂, 10 ♀ coll. AMG, MNHU, NHML, OLBL, SAMC, SANC, TMSA.</p>
            <p>NAMIBIA. Helmeringshausen 32 km SW, 26.05S 16.36E; Helmeringshausen 34 km on C13, 26.05S 16.38E; Hakos, Weissenfels farms, 23.18S 16.23E; Swakop river bed on road to Goanicontes, 22.41S 14.35E; Swakopmund, 33 km on road to Usakos, 22.34S 14.49E.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Kango Mtn Resort, 33.31S 27.45E; Lady Grey; Mossel Bay; Willowmore.— Free State: North West, Bothaville 20 km W, Vaal riv.; Amattam Farm nr. Clarens, 28.32S 28.28E.— Gauteng: Roodeplaat, 25.36S 28.21E.— Limpopo: Mokolo Nature Reserve, Ellisras District, 23.58S 27.45E.—Northwest: Mafeking.— Western Cape: Barrydale; Klein Karoo, Ladismith; Mossel Bay; Tradouw Pass, Swellendam Distr.; Uniondale S, Alfreds Pass, 33.49S 23.11E, 300 m; Willow River, Ueltenhage.</p>
            <p>UGANDA (not otherwise specified).</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Deverra denudata ,  Zygophyllum simplex ,  Galenia papulosa ,  Psilocaulon salicornioides , white flowers of  Galenia sp. and  Selago sp. (FW &amp; SK Gess label record). </p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> The features listed refer in particular to the type material from southern areas of South Africa. Some females from more northern provinces (Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo) differ by an irregular, wrinkled punctation of T1. A similar  form from Zimbabwe has additionally the pronotum with broad sharp lamellate anterior margin. However, the present material is not sufficient to evaluate these deviations taxonomically. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D07FF8843B4CCB238EAFCE5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D01FF8A43B4CC913971FD3D.text	03AC87CA4D01FF8A43B4CC913971FD3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) tenuis (Alfken 1914)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) tenuis (Alfken, 1914)</p>
            <p>Figures 13, 36, 136–139</p>
            <p> Prosopis simplex Bingham, 1912: 381–382 . 1 ♀. South Africa: Cape Colony, East London, Queen’s Park. Typus ♀ OUMNH.—Secondary synonym with  Nesoprosopis simplex Perkins, 1899 . </p>
            <p> Hylaeus simplex (Bingham) : Cockerell 1932e: 172; Cockerell 1942: 2. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) simplex (Bingham) : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Prosopis tenuis Alfken, 1914: 188–189 . 1 ♀ 3 ♂, South Africa: Port Elizabeth. Syntypes MNHU Berlin, ♂ labeled "Port Elizabeth Südafrica Dr. Brauns 18.10.95" (det. Alfken) designated here as lectotypus; ♀ ♂ with same data designated as paralectotypes.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1932e: 172; Cockerell 1936e: 8–9. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus tenuis (Alfken) : Cockerell 1942: 3; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 36. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) tenuis (Alfken) : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) curvicarinatus (Cameron, 1905) : syn. Bridwell 1919: 141, erroneously. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus simplior Meade-Waldo, 1923: 26 , nomen novum for  Prosopis simplex Bingham, 1912 not  Nesoprosopis simplex Perkins, 1899 .— Syn. n. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) simplior Meade-Waldo : Cockerell 1942: 2; Snelling 1985: 8; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 36. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus perdensus Cockerell, 1936e : Amer. Mus. Novit. no. 847: 5. ♀, Southern Rhodesia [Zimbabwe]: Matopo Hills. Typus ♀ AMNH New York, ac. 34187.— Syn. n.— Cockerell 1942: 2; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 33. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) perdensus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Prosopis postica Warncke, 1972: 748 , nomen novum for  Prosopis simplex Bingham, 1912 not  Nesoprosopis simplex Perkins, 1899 .— Syn. n. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a small dainty species. The male mask is ivory white, the supraclypeal area is often quite black and the scapi are slim. The female has small comma-shaped facial spots. The terminal area of the propodeum is circumscribed by sharp margins and the pronotum, in front, is blade-like sharp. T1 is shagreen and very finely punctate.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.0–5.2 (4.43) mm, WL 3.0–3.6 (3.20) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98, UFW:LFW 1.68, outline trapezoid. Scapi black, short conical, not expanded, width similar to flagella, SL:SW 2.0; flagella long, yellow, dark above, appearing some saw tooth-like. Mask ivory white, complete or with black supraclypeal area. Clypeus CL:CW 1.49, silk shiny, punctate. Frons and vertex with moderate, dense punctation. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma compact, depressed. Pilosity sparse, short, white. Tegulae with bright spots. Pronotum black, narrow, anterior margin expanded forward, sharp lamellate, its angular dorsolateral, posterior margin white tomentose. Mesonotum and scutellum with moderate, dense punctation. Legs black, bright stained are base of tibiae, foretibiae in front and basitarsi. Medial area of propodeum with large radial ridges and carinate end margin; terminal area surrounded with sharp margins.</p>
            <p>Metasoma prolonged, slender spindel shaped, black. T1 finely shagreen, satin matt, punctation fine, sparse, following terga less distinctly punctate; T1 without lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 13): genital capsule short, hardly longer than broad, strongly arched, gonoforcipes bent inward and pointed, S8 appendages basally expanded, apical short, S7 belonging to curvicarinatus type.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.4–5.2 (4.83) mm, WL 3.2–3.8 (3.46) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.98, UFW:LFW 1.63, rounded trapezoid. Face with small comma-shaped spots on orbits at level of scapi bases; foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.22, shagreen, matt, punctation large but very shallow and thus indistinct in sculpture (Fig. 36).</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Tegulae with white spots. Pronotum black, its front with sharp edges, dorsolateral angles edged. Mesonotum and scutellum with moderate, close punctation. Legs entirely black, bright patches only on foretibiae in front. Propodeum edged, medial area coarsely meshed; terminal area sharp marginate around.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. Terga shagreen, silky shining, punctation minute to fine, sparse, apical progressively shallower and less distinct; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>South Africa (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Kenya, Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 42 ♂, 25 ♀ coll. AMNH, MNHU, OLBL, SAMC, SANC.</p>
            <p>KENYA. Voi env., Tsavo.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Alexandria Nature Reserve 10 km SE; Jeffreys Bay; Papiesfontein, Gamtoos Mth.; Pine Tree Lodge; Port Elizabeth.— Gauteng: Pretoria City; Pretoria, Faerie Glen Koppies, 25.46S 28.17E.— KwaZulu-Natal: Maputaland, eManguzi SW.— Limpopo: Happy Rest, 22.55.57S 29.44.06E.— Mpumalanga: Lydenburg 30 km NE, nr Ohrig.—Northwest: Rustenburg Nature Reserve, 25.40S 27.12E.— Western Cape: Bredasdorp 25 km S, coast; Mossel Bay.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Chimanimani National Park; Matopo Hills; Mutare, Christmas Pass, 18.52S 32.40E.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D01FF8A43B4CC913971FD3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D03FF8443B4CDE93F5CFF40.text	03AC87CA4D03FF8443B4CDE93F5CFF40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) tinctulus Cockerell 1932	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) tinctulus Cockerell, 1932</p>
            <p>Figures 16, 40, 140–143</p>
            <p> Hylaeus tinctulus Cockerell, 1932e: 172 . ♂ ♀, Belgian Congo [DR Congo]: Tshibinda. Typus ♂ NHM London, no. 17.a.39.— Cockerell 1936e: 10; Cockerell 1942: 3; Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 36. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) tinctulus Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is an almost completely black species, with characteristic reduced mask in the male (Fig. 140). The male scapi are expanded.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 4.9–5.4 (5.19) mm, WL 3.7–4.1 (3.86) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.96, UFW:LFW 1.72, outline rounded trapezoid. Face in region of antenna bases strongly depressed. Scapi black, conical expanded and apically shiny, apically wider than flagella, SL:SW 1.8; flagella long black. Mask yellowish to ivory white, reduced: supraclypeal area black, clypeus patched only in lower half, side spots narrowed inwards. Clypeus CL:CW 1.63, shagreen on face sides, matt, punctation moderate, sparse. Supraclypeal area narrow; frons and vertex with strong, subcontiguous punctation. Labrum and mandibles black.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma entirely black. Pronotum expanded forward, anterior margin with edge, dorsolateral angles blunt. Mesonotum and scutellum slightly shining, shagreen, punctation strong, close. Legs black, only foretibiae in front yellow stained; wings darkened, venation dark brown. Propodeum rounded; medial area in middle transversely impressed, lateral and distal with irregular transverse edge; terminal area without edges to lateral areas, surface moderately dense punctate, median propodeal furrow deep.</p>
            <p>Metasoma narrow slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, submetallic, punctation fine, sparse, punctation of following terga somewhat finer and increasingly indistinct shagreen; T1 without lateral fringes and terminal band. Terminalia (Fig. 16): gonoforcipes of genital capsule expanded and narrowed, S8 compact, apical lobi widened, laterally emarginate, S7 with apical lobi forming a short lamella, basal lobi with a few (2–3) short teeth.</p>
            <p>Female. TL 5.4–5.7 (5.51) mm, WL 4.1–4.8 (4.41) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.99, UFW:LFW 1.39, outline nearly circulate. Face black, sometimes with a tiny white spot below foveae. Flagella yellow below; foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.23, anterior margin slightly expanded forward and bent but without smooth impression, shagreen, punctation moderate, sparse, significantly finer than on adjacent face sides (Fig. 40). Supraclypeal area narrow dorsally, sides next to frontal line punctate.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pronotum, calli and tegulae black. Pronotum expanded forward, rounded in front, dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, silky shining, punctation strong, close; mesopleurae with moderate, close punctation. Legs entirely black, tarsi remarkably long; wings dimmed, venation dark brown. Propodeum rounded, terminal area edged only laterally down.</p>
            <p>Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silky shining, fine and sparse punctate, punctation of following terga somewhat finer and increasingly indistinct in shagreen; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Democratic Republic of the Congo (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Burundi.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 3 ♂, 2 ♀ coll. NHML, SANC.</p>
            <p>BURUNDI. Kibira National Park, Nyamugari, 02.5515S 29.3047E.</p>
            <p>DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO. Tshibinda.</p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p> According to the male terminalia, this species forms a group with  H. chimani ,  H. oromialis and  H. camerunensis spp. n., which are closely related to the melanosoma-group. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D03FF8443B4CDE93F5CFF40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D0DFF8543B4CB4E3F78FDE7.text	03AC87CA4D0DFF8543B4CB4E3F78FDE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) venustus Dathe 2014	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) venustus sp. n.</p>
            <p>Figures 14, 144–145</p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is a small dainty species in the curvicarinatus-group. Its striking feature is the rich, bright yellow coloration on the head and legs that is unique to the subgenus. The female is unknown.</p>
            <p>Description</p>
            <p>Male. TL 3.7–4.1 (3.90) mm, WL 2.4–2.8 (2.63) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.05, UFW:LFW 1.61; outline long trapezoid. Scapi yellow, short conical, as wide as flagella, SL:SW 1.34; flagella long, thicker distally, completely yellow. Mask yellow, complete, supraclypeal area dyed completely yellow to upper tip. Foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.40, shagreen, matt, shallow and scattered indistinct punctate, front edge narrow horn-brown. Supraclypeal area relatively wide. Frons and vertex with moderate, dense punctation, shiny, pilosity apparent, erect, at bottom and rear edges of head. Genae and occiput normal, malae expanded. Labrum and mandibles yellow.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma of normal shape. Pilosity short, white, mostly appressed toment band at posterior margin of pronotum, mesonotum and scutellum, spreading tufts at sides of metanotum and propodeum. Calli, tegulae and wing scales yellow. Pronotum mostly black, sometimes in front of angles with a yellow spot; narrowly expanded forward, anterior margin and dorsolateral angles rounded. Mesonotum roughly shagreen, silky shining, punctation moderate, close; on scutellum somewhat coarser and more scattered (punctation strong, sparse). Mesopleurae like mesonotum dominated by shagreen. Legs yellow, coxae and base of femora light brown; wings hyaline, venation light brown. Propodeum edged, glossy; medial area at base with large shiny meshes, delimited by carina; terminal area sharply edged around.</p>
            <p>Metasoma. Outline narrow, slender spindle-shaped; black, partially lightened brown. T1 shagreen, silky shining, punctation fine, close to dense, following terga finer punctate, punctures increasingly disappearing in sculpture. T1 with white lateral fringes, T2 with white, broadly interrupted terminal band on depression. Terminalia (Fig. 14) as in curvicarinatus-group; genital capsule short, compact, gonoforcipes apically rounded truncate; S8 appendages moderately long, S7 proximal lobi with two comb teeth.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Kenya.</p>
            <p>Type material: 6 ♂</p>
            <p>Holotypus: ♂ KENYA. Voi env. (Tsavo), 23.03.– 04.04.1997, Halada lg.—In coll. Biozentrum Linz.</p>
            <p>Paratypes: 5 ♂, same collecting data.—In coll. Biozentrum Linz, SANC Pretoria, SDEI Müncheberg.</p>
            <p>Derivatio nominis</p>
            <p> The Latin adjective  venustus means petite, pretty or neat. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D0DFF8543B4CB4E3F78FDE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
03AC87CA4D0CFF8743B4CD8A3F28F890.text	03AC87CA4D0CFF8743B4CD8A3F28F890.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) xanthostoma (Alfken 1914)	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) xanthostoma (Alfken, 1914)</p>
            <p>Figures 15, 146–149</p>
            <p> Prosopis xanthostoma Alfken, 1914: 196–197 . 7 ♀ 1 ♂,  Belgisch Kongo [DR Congo]:  Bukama ,  Mufunga ; Stanleyville (♂). Syntypes MNHU Berlin, ♀ labeled "Musée du Congo, Bukama, 10 VII 1911 Dr. Bequaert " designated here as lectotypus, a second ♀ as paralectotypus. Snelling labeled the single ♂ "Stanleyville 20-X-10" as lectotypus (not published) which is expressively excluded here; this specimen is a Nothylaeus,  Hylaeus (Nothylaeus) ameliae Ckll.</p>
            <p> Prosopis xanthostoma Alfken : Friese 1916: 417, 426–428; Cockerell 1942: 3, 15; Medler 1980: 480. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) xanthostoma (Alfken) : Bridwell 1919: 138–139, 147; Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus xanthostoma (Alfken) : Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 37. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus kasindensis Cockerell, 1936e: 2 , 4, 8. 2 ♂, Belgian Congo [DR Congo]: Kasindi to Beni 29”30’E 0°30’N. Typus ♂ AMNH New York, ac. 34187, genital parts dissected, sternum 8 missing.— Syn. n.— Eardley &amp; Urban 2010: 31. </p>
            <p> Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) kasindensis Cockerell : Snelling 1985: 8. </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>This is one of the smallest species of the subgenus. The female is unique in the subgenus due to its orange lower face. The terminal area of the propodeum has a circular sharp edged carina. The punctation is seemingly variable.</p>
            <p>Characteristic features</p>
            <p>Male. TL 3.6–4.7 (4.23) mm, WL 2.3–3.0 (2.84) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 0.99, UFW:LFW 1.73, outline rounded trapezoid. Scapi short conical, as wide as flagella, SL:SW 1.5, black with yellow triangular spot above; flagella long, yellow, above dark; mask yellow, complete, side patches exceed scapi bases towards orbits, mouth parts included; foveae faciales short. Clypeus CL:CW 1.55, silky shining, punctation moderately shallow scattered; frons and vertex with punctures arranged in wrinkle stripes. Labrum and mandibles yellow.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma. Pilosity sparse. Bright colored: pronotum sides with small yellow stripes, calli and tegulae spotted. Pronotum narrow expanded forward, anterior margin sharp to corners, posterolateral angles acute. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, shiny, punctation strong, close; mesopleurae with coarse, close punctation, punctures shallow, each with a short bristle in center. Legs black, white are: tibiae basally and apically, foretibiae in front, tarsi; wings hyaline, venation light brown. Propodeum edged, shiny, medial area with irregular longitudinal ridges, delimited at end by carina, terminal area sharp surrounding edge.</p>
            <p> Metasoma slender spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silk shiny, punctation minute, scattered, on following terga with punctation hardly recognizable; T1 with sparse lateral fringes. Terminalia (Fig. 15) similar  H. promontorii (Fig. 12). </p>
            <p>Female. TL 4.2–5.3 (4.75) mm, WL 2.9–3.7 (3.29) mm.</p>
            <p>Head. Proportions HL:HW 1.00, UFW:LFW 1.47, outline prolonged trapezoid. Face black, lower parts—clypeus, wings, labrum and mandibles—in varying extent yellow orange, orange coloration may involve also scapi; face sometimes even with white comma spots at orbits; foveae faciales long. Clypeus CL:CW 1.05, punctation as well as face sides strong but shallow. Frons and vertex with moderate, dense punctation.</p>
            <p>Mesosoma only with spot on tegulae, otherwise black. Pronotum slightly expanded forward, anterior margin sharp-edged, dorsolateral angles acute. Mesonotum and scutellum shagreen, slightly shining, punctation strong, close; mesopleurae irregularly shallow punctate, with moderate to strong, close punctation. Legs black, foretibiae in front yellow striped; wings hyaline, venation brown. Propodeum edged, structure, in principle, as in male; terminal area sharply edged around.</p>
            <p>Metasoma compact spindle-shaped, black. T1 shagreen, silk shiny, punctation minute, scattered, following terga without obvious punctures; T1 with narrow white lateral fringes.</p>
            <p>Distribution</p>
            <p>Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa (Eardley &amp; Urban 2010); Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Senegal, Tanzania, Zimbabwe.</p>
            <p>Specimens examined: 69 ♂, 139 ♀ coll. AMNH, MNHU, NHML, OLBL, RBINS, SAMC, SANC.</p>
            <p>BENIN. SE, Save 15 km SE.</p>
            <p>BOTSWANA. N, Maun, Island Sateri¸ L. Ngami, Sehithwa 19 km NE.</p>
            <p>BURKINA FASO. Bobo-Dioulasso; Dingasso nr. Bobo.</p>
            <p>BURUNDI. Ruvubu National Park, Ruvubu River, 02.59.20S 30.28.12E, 1401 m.</p>
            <p>CAMEROON. Adamaoua: Beka nr Ngaoundere, 07.17N 13.19E; de Banyo à Tibati, 06.37N 12.07E; Louga W Ngaoundere, 07.05N 13.12E; Massif du Mbam, Jakiri, 06.01N 10.33E; Mayo-Darlé, 06.28N 11.33E; Tékel, 06.47N 13.10E. Cameroun W, Wum, 06.24N 10.03E.</p>
            <p>CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC. Bambari 20 km NW; Bangui 85 km NW, 04.46N 18.04E, 380 m; Bangui 90 km NNE, 05.03N 18.47E, 380 m; Bouar ca. 60 km W, 05.45N 15.13E, 660 m; Kaga Bandoro 40 km N, 06.41N 19.07E; Sibut 45 km N, 06.06N 19.08E, 530 m; Sibut 80 km W, 05.41N 18.17E; Sibut 95 km W, 05.12N 18.25E.</p>
            <p>DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: Bukama, Mufunga; Kasindi to Beni 29.30E 00.30N.</p>
            <p>ETHIOPIA. Awash National Park, 08.55N 40.02E; Bale, Sof'Omar, 06.13'06N 39.46'18E; Mechara W Hararge, 08.36N 40.19E.</p>
            <p>KENYA. Laikipia, Mpala Res. Centre, 001748N 0365382E; Malindi 15 km S, 03.18S 40.00E; Mwingi E, W of Nguni; Voi env., Tsavo.</p>
            <p>MALAWI. Liongwe 80 km E.</p>
            <p>MOZAMBIQUE. Save 15 km SE, 21.13S 34.40E, 65 m; Guro 15 km S, 17.33S 33.16E, 800 m.</p>
            <p>NAMIBIA. Between Omaruru and Wilhelmstal, 21.31S 16.03E; Kaoko Otavi.</p>
            <p>NIGERIA. Gashaga Gumfi National Park, 25 km SW Serti env., 07.20N 11.13E, 400 m.</p>
            <p>SOUTH AFRICA. Eastern Cape: Fort Beaufort; Grahamstown, Howlson’s Poort; Jansenville 25 km N, 32.49S 24.44E, 600 m. — KwaZulu-Natal: Maputaland, eManguzi SW.— Limpopo: Malta Forest nr The Downs, 24.10S 30.14E; Ryfontein Farm 15 km SE Tzaneen, 23.54S 29.45E.— Mpumalanga: Skukuza, 24.59.32S 31.3504E.</p>
            <p>SENEGAL, Thiès; Tiougoune.</p>
            <p>TANZANIA. Mikomazi Game Reserve, Ibaya Camp, 03.5791S 37.4809E.</p>
            <p>ZIMBABWE. Centr., Ngezi Recreational Park Kwekwe; Chimanimani National Park; East, Chipinge 40 km S, Mt. Selinda; Rezende Mine, Penhalonga, 18.53S 32.43E.</p>
            <p>Flower visit</p>
            <p> On flowers of  Acacia nilotica ,  Acacia tortilis (Baldock, label record);  Aloe berhana ,  Borreria verticillata ,  Harungana madagascariensis ,  Pterolobium stellatum ,  Vernonia auriculifera ,  Ziziphus mauritiana (Pauly, label record). </p>
            <p>Remarks</p>
            <p>The male is described here for the first time. According to the male terminalia, the species belongs to the curvicarinatus-group. We found some variation. Other than described above, there are males with black supraclypeal area and 4 bristles only on basal lobi of S7 and gonoforcipes narrower.</p>
            <p> The species is widespread in Africa and seems to vary greatly between populations, especially in surface sculpture and colour. The mesonotum and the mesopleurae can be punctate strong to coarse with different density. The color variations of the females range from limited yellow-orange staining of clypeus and mandibles to a predominantly bright face; as well as variations in the coloration of the legs from totally black to nearly fully yellow. Stable combinations of these features which would justify a taxonomic separation could not be found. Rather, it appears to be a geographical gradient, hence the western animals from Senegal, Burkina Faso, Benin and Cameroon, show a coarser and stronger mesosoma punctation, while eastern specimens from Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique and further south from Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana, Namibia and South Africa have finer surface structure.  H. xanthostoma is one of the most common and the one with the broadest known distribution out of all the  Deranchylaeus species treated here, </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87CA4D0CFF8743B4CD8A3F28F890	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dathe, Holger H.	Dathe, Holger H. (2014): Studies on the systematics and taxonomy of the genus Hylaeus F. (8) Revision of the Afrotropic subgenus Hylaeus (Deranchylaeus) Bridwell (Hymenoptera: Anthophila, Colletidae). Zootaxa 3874 (1): 1-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3874.1.1
