taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F787C4A833FFF0FF5ACC6DFEC810B8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body gray in general; thorax gray with three brownish-yellow stripes on prescutum, the median one divided by a broad gray vitta; antenna longer than body length; wing suffused with brownish-yellow, stigma light brown; abdomen brownish-yellow with brown lateral stripes, segments six and seven wholly black, hypopygium yellow, distinctly expanded; tergite nine with a pair of horn-shaped processes at posterior margin, ventral extension of tergite nine densely covered with small black teeth; inner gonostylus terminated into a long black beak; outer gonostylus Y-shaped. Material examined. Holotype male, China, Yunnan, Lushui, Pianma, Gaoligongshan National Natural Reserve, 26 ° 00 ' N, 98 ° 37 ' E, 19 Jun 2019, leg. Qiulei Men. Paratype. 1 male, same data as holotype. Description. Adult length (male, n = 2): body 14.5 – 14.7 mm (not including antenna), wing 16.6 – 16.8 mm, antenna 16.4 – 16.6 mm. Head. Gray with rostrum darker in coloration laterally. Nasus black densely covered with black setae. Vertex gray, unpatterned (Fig. 1). Head including vertex and rostrum densely covered with black setae. Antenna 12 - segmented, significantly longer than body; scape gray, pedicel and first two flagellomeres yellow, rest flagellomeres brown, each flagellomere subequal in length, cylindrical, with black verticils. Palpus dark gray. Thorax. Pronotum gray medially, darker in coloration laterally (Fig. 2). Prescutum gray with three brownish-yellow stripes, the median one divided by a broad gray vitta (Fig. 3). Scutum black with two gray triangular marks which are not connected to each other, scutellum and postnotum wholly gray (Fig. 3). Pleuron entirely gray (Fig. 2). Legs very slender, coxae and trochanters gray, femora gray basally and gradually changed into dark brown, tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Halter black. Wing brownish-yellow, cell sc darker than ground color, stigma light brown (Fig. 4). Rs distinctly longer than R 3, petiole of cell m 1 subequal in length to m-m, 1 / 3 the length of discal cell (Fig. 4). Abdomen. Segments one to five brownish-yellow with black lateral stripes, segments six and seven wholly black, tergite eight yellow, sternite eight mostly black (Fig. 5). Hypopygium yellow, distinctly enlarged (Figs 5 – 7). Tergite nine slightly protruding medially at posterior margin, terminating in a pair of horn-shaped processes at lateral corners, a pair of biforked lobes from ventral side of tergite nine, densely covered with black teeth apically (Figs 7 – 9). Outer gonostylus, narrowed, Yshaped, with a finger-shaped process medially with numerous small black teeth at apex (Fig. 10). Inner gonostylus broad basally, terminating in a long black beak, a small obtuse lobe and two finger-shaped processes arising from its mesal region of outer surface (Fig. 11). Sternite nine with a pair of small median processes which are densely covered with long setae (Fig. 12). Adminiculum broad basally, gradually narrowed to apex (Fig. 13). Semen pump with compressor apodeme V-shaped (Fig. 14). Posterior immovable apodeme consisting of a median arm which curved dorsally (Fig. 15). Anterior immovable apodeme flattened. Aedeagus narrow, elongated, tubular, more than 5.0 times the length of semen pump (Fig. 15). Distribution. China (Yunnan). Remarks. The new species is mostly similar to T. (S.) bhishma Alexander, 1964, a species from Assam, India, by similar structure of hypopygium and body color. It can be easily distinguished from T. (S.) bhishma by the outer gonostylus which is Y-shaped with a finger-shaped process (absent in T. (S.) bhishma). The latter species has its outer gonostylus not bearing finger-shaped process. There is also a noticeable difference in the shape of process on tergite nine which is narrow in the new species, but broad in T. (S.) bhishma. Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun “ pianma ” with Latin suffix “ ensis ”, referring to the type locality of the new species, Pianma.	en	Men, Qiulei (2020): Three new species of the subgenus Tipula (Sivatipula) from Yunnan and Tibet, China (Diptera: Tipulidae), with an updated key for Chinese species. Zoological Systematics 45 (1): 59-68, DOI: 10.11865/zs.202006, URL: http://zoobank.org/21f2cc71-4be0-4ef9-8762-0e0348285e1b
03F787C4A836FFF2FF5AC8B7FC8816CB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body brownish-yellow in general; thorax dark brown with three brownish-yellow stripes on prescutum, the median one divided by brown vitta; antenna longer than the body length; wing brownish-yellow with a light brown stigma; abdomen brownish-yellow with lateral stripes brown, segments six to eight entirely black, hypopygium black; tergite nine with a pair of horn-shaped processes on lateral corners and a broad median lobe; inner gonostylus with an obtuse lobe and a finger-shaped process on mesal region of outer surface. Material examined. Holotype male, China, Tibet, Linzhi, Chayu, Shangchayu, 28 ° 43 ' N, 96 ° 46 ' E, 8 Jun 2019, leg. Qiulei Men. Paratypes. 3 males, same data as holotype. Description. Adult length (male, n = 4): body 13.1 – 13.3 mm (not including antenna), wing 15.7 – 15.9 mm, antenna 15.0 – 15.2 mm. Head. Brownish-yellow with rostrum dark brown laterally (Fig. 16). Nasus brown with black setae apically. Vertex grayish-brown, lacking of marking (Fig. 16). Head including vertex and rostrum densely covered with black setae. Antenna 12 - segmented, significantly longer than body; scape, pedicel and first flagellomere brownish-yellow, rest flagellomeres yellowish-brown, each flagellomere subequal in length, cylindrical, with black verticils. Palpus dark brown. Thorax. Pronotum brown (Fig. 17). Prescutum brown with three brownish-yellow stripes, the median one divided by brown vitta (Fig. 18). Scutum dark brown with two black marks, scutellum brown, postnotum brown with a grayish median vitta (Fig. 18). Pleuron entirely brownish-yellow (Fig. 17). Legs very slender, coxae and trochanters brownish-yellow, femora brownish-yellow with a darker apex, tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Halter with stem yellow, knob black. Wing brownish-yellow, cell sc darker than ground color, stigma light brown (Fig. 19). Rs distinctly longer than R 3, petiole of cell m 1 subequal in length to m-m, 1 / 3 the length of discal cell (Fig. 19). Abdomen. Segments one to five brownish-yellow with black lateral stripes, segments six to eight wholly black. Hypopygium black (Fig. 20). Tergite nine with a pair of horn-shaped processes on lateral corners, median lobe broad, shallowly concaved medially, the flange between horn-shaped processes and median lobe deeply concaved (Figs 21 – 23). Outer gonostylus with apical margin and anterior margin forming a right angle, posterior margin terminagting in a small lobe (Fig. 24). Inner gonostylus broad basally, protruding into a beak, a small obtuse lobe and a finger-shaped processes from its mesal region of outer surface (Figs 25 – 26). Sternite nine possessing a horn-shaped process which is densely covered with long setae (Fig. 27). Semen pump with compressor apodeme V-shaped, with a pair of ridges on its arms (Fig. 28). Posterior immovable apodeme being one median arm which curved dorsally. Anterior immovable apodeme flattened, expanded in lateral view (Fig. 29). Aedeagus narrow, elongated, tubular, more than 10.0 times longer than the length of semen pump. Distribution. China (Tibet). Remarks. The new species is closely allied to T. (S.) filicornis Brunetti, 1918, another Indian species by similar structure of the hypopygium. It can be easily separated from T. (S.) filicornis by the outer gonostylus which forms a right angle on dorsal margin. T. (S.) filicornis has its outer gonostylus Y-shaped and lacking of such right angle. Etymology. The specific epithet is the name of its related species “ filicornis ” with a Latin prefix “ pseudo ”, emphasizing the morphological similarity of the new species and its related species.	en	Men, Qiulei (2020): Three new species of the subgenus Tipula (Sivatipula) from Yunnan and Tibet, China (Diptera: Tipulidae), with an updated key for Chinese species. Zoological Systematics 45 (1): 59-68, DOI: 10.11865/zs.202006, URL: http://zoobank.org/21f2cc71-4be0-4ef9-8762-0e0348285e1b
03F787C4A834FFFDFF5ACF27FE5F13CD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body brownish-yellow in general; thorax brownish-yellow with three light brown stripes on prescutum, the median one divided by a narrow yellow vitta; antenna longer than the body length; wing brownish-yellow with a light brown stigma; abdomen brownish-yellow with lateral stripes black, segments five to seven wholly black, hypopygium black, distinctly enlarged; tergite nine with a pair of horn-shaped processes at posterior margin; outer gonostylus huge, boomerangshaped. Material examined. Holotype male, China, Yunnan, Gongshan, Bingzhongluo, Gongdangshenshan, 28 ° 01 ' N, 98 ° 37 ' E, 12 Jun 2019, leg. Qiulei Men. Paratype. 1 male, China, Yunnan, Gongshan, Shuanglawa, 27 ° 46 ' N, 98 ° 37 ' E, 13 Jun 2019, leg. Qiulei Men; 1 male, same data to holotype. Description. Adult length (male, n = 3): body 16.1 – 16.3 mm (not including antenna); wing 15.0 – 15.2 mm; antenna 17.8 – 18.0 mm. Head. Brownish-yellow with rostrum brown in lateral sides. Nasus brownish-yellow densely covered with black setae (Fig. 30). Vertex lacking of marking (Fig. 30). Head including vertex and rostrum densely covered with black setae. Antenna 12 - segmented, significantly longer than body; scape and pedicel brownish-yellow, first flagellomeres brownish-yellow at base and brown apically, rest flagellomeres brown, each flagellomere subequal in length, cylindrical, with black verticils. Palpus brown. Thorax. Pronotum brownish-yellow (Fig. 31). Prescutum brownish-yellow with three light brown stripes, the median one divided by a narrow yellow vitta (Fig. 32). Scutum brownish-yellow with two brown triangular marks which are not connected to each other, scutellum and postnotum brownish-yellow (Fig. 32). Pleuron entirely brownish-yellow (Fig. 31). Legs very slender, coxae and trochanters brownish-yellow, femora brownish-yellow basally and gradually changed into light brown, dark brown at apex, tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Halter with stem yellow, knob darker. Wing brownish-yellow, cell sc not darker than ground color, stigma light brown (Fig. 33). Rs distinctly longer than R 3, petiole of cell m 1 distinctly shorter than m-m, 1 / 4 the length of discal cell (Fig. 33). Abdomen. Segments one to five brownish-yellow with black lateral stripes, segments six to eight wholly black (Fig. 34). Hypopygium black, distinctly enlarged (Fig. 35). Tergite nine with a pair of horn-shaped processes, between them with a small angle slightly protruded medially, with a pair of arms on ventral side which expand apically and equipped with many small black teeth (Figs 36 – 38, 41). Outer gonostylus huge, narrowed, curved, boomerang-shaped, more than two times longer than the length of inner gonostylus (Figs 36, 39). Inner gonostylus broad at base, gradually narrowed to apex, with a small angular lobe on the lateral margin, an elongated obtuse lobe generated from the base, a small lobe arising from its mesal region of inner surface (Figs 39 – 40). Sternite nine with a pair of short, finger-shaped processes densely covered with small setae (Fig. 38). Semen pump with compressor apodeme V-shaped, each arm broad (Fig. 42). Posterior immovable apodeme being single median arm which is curved dorsally (Fig. 43). Anterior immovable apodeme flattened (Fig. 43). Aedeagus relatively thick, more than 3.5 times longer than semen pump (Fig. 43). Distribution. China (Yunnan). Remarks. The new species is most similar to T. (S.) bhishma by similar structure of hypopygium. It can be easily distinguished from the latter by outer gonostylus which is broad basally and narrowed to apex. T. (S.) bhishma has its outer gonostylus broad at apex. The new species is also distinguished by the horn-shaped process on tergite nine, which is distinctly narrower than that of T. (S.) bhishma. Etymology. The new species is named in honor of famous crane flies researcher, Sigitas Podenas (Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania).	en	Men, Qiulei (2020): Three new species of the subgenus Tipula (Sivatipula) from Yunnan and Tibet, China (Diptera: Tipulidae), with an updated key for Chinese species. Zoological Systematics 45 (1): 59-68, DOI: 10.11865/zs.202006, URL: http://zoobank.org/21f2cc71-4be0-4ef9-8762-0e0348285e1b
