taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D69252B16BFFD8FF4CAEF5FBC4F8D2.taxon	materials_examined	Type: Hymenostegia ngouniensis, for type specimen details see below. Shrub or tree, usually small but may attain 35 m tall. Stipules in pairs, free but touching at the base, caducous. Bud scales absent. Leaves paripinnate, leaflets in (2 –) 5 – 7 pairs, subsessile, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, ovate to sub-rhombate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface glabrous or with sparse indumentum, crater-like glands present, visible at × 10 or higher magnification. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary raceme, axes puberulous, bracts caducous, bracteoles persistent, opposite, petaloid, conspicuous, adaxial surfaces touching along margins prior to anthesis. Petals 5, adaxial and lateral petals large, yellow and white, similar in size, abaxial petals smaller, white. Stamens 10. Ovary stipitate, the stipe fused along most of its length to the adaxial sidewall of the hypanthium, densely hairy along the margins, stigma peltate. Pod compressed, glabrous, trapeziform, broadest at about one-third distance from the apex, dehiscent. Seeds 1 – 2, discoid.	en	Wieringa, Jan J., Mackinder, Barbara A., Van Proosdij, André S. J. (2013): Gabonius gen. nov. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae), a distant cousin of Hymenostegia endemic to Gabon. Phytotaxa 142 (1): 15-24, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2
03D69252B16BFFD8FF4CAEF5FBC4F8D2.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — This new, so far monotypic genus is named after Gabon, a country where it is not only endemic to, but in which it also occurs over a large extent; the known distribution seems to fit that country very well, and a species distribution model of the species (see below) predicts it is more or less confined to this country as well. Although Gabon has a large number of endemics, c. 500 species are recorded as endemic and another 100 as near endemic (Sosef et al. 2006), only a few of these species have such a large distribution within the country. Gabonius has the male gender. Note: — The only slightly similar name that exists is Gabunia Stapf (1902: 136), but that name differs in several letters and is a synonym of Tabernaemontana Linné (1753: 210 – 211) (Apocynaceae) with no current use, so we do not foresee any possibilities for confusion between these two.	en	Wieringa, Jan J., Mackinder, Barbara A., Van Proosdij, André S. J. (2013): Gabonius gen. nov. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae), a distant cousin of Hymenostegia endemic to Gabon. Phytotaxa 142 (1): 15-24, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2
03D69252B16BFFDCFF4CAA67FCC9F945.taxon	description	Habitat and Ecology: — Primary and secondary evergreen forest: elevation sea level – 510 m. Populations seem to flower synchronously (van der Burgt 1), flowering recorded from November to July but most commonly in April.	en	Wieringa, Jan J., Mackinder, Barbara A., Van Proosdij, André S. J. (2013): Gabonius gen. nov. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae), a distant cousin of Hymenostegia endemic to Gabon. Phytotaxa 142 (1): 15-24, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2
03D69252B16BFFDCFF4CAA67FCC9F945.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Endemic to Gabon, occurring in the western part of the country from the border with Equatorial Guinea in the north to that with Congo (Brazzaville) in the south (fig. 2). Since we have chosen to name this genus after Gabon, we decided to test the likelihood that the taxon distribution is indeed limited to Gabon. To assess this we generated a Species Distribution Model (SDM). For generating SDM’s based on presence-only data as in this case, MaxEnt has been documented to outperform other methods (Elith et al. 2006). As the foreseen distribution is limited to Gabon and possibly to neighbouring countries, we used a 30 arc-sec resolution and applied the analysis to a study area ranging from 8 º N to 8 º S and from 6 to 24 º E, thus roughly encompassing the countries of Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Sao Tomé & Principe. The collecting localities of all herbarium vouchers examined in this study were used as input species data. Environmental layers used for model building and projection include 19 BIOCLIM variables (Hijmans et al. 2005). In addition, the range as well as standard deviation of altitude based on SRTM DEM 90 × 90 m data, obtained through (<srtm. csi. cgiar. org>, accessed 07 - 10 - 2011) within each grid cell was calculated and added as variables to act as a proxy for ruggedness of the landscape. Finally, soil parameters of the dominant soil type within each grid cell were extracted from the Harmonised World Soil Database (<http: // webarchive. iiasa. ac. at / Research / LUC / External-World-soil-database / HTML / index. html? sb = 1> accessed 16 - 08 - 2012). Environmental parameters were checked for multi-collinearity separately for climatic and altitude data as well as for soil data. To avoid overfitting and errors due to multi-collinearity, only uncorrelated parameters were used for model building (Pearson r <0.65 or Spearman Rho <0.65). This resulted in the selection of the following parameters: temperature annual range (BIO 7), mean temperature of coldest quarter (BIO 11), annual precipitation (BIO 12), precipitation seasonality (BIO 15), precipitation of warmest quarter (BIO 18), precipitation of coldest quarter (BIO 19), altitude range (DEM-range), available water capacity range (AWC _ CLASS, categorical variable), topsoil bulk density (T _ BULK _ DENSITY), topsoil calcium carbonate (T _ CACO 3), topsoil salinity (T _ ECE), topsoil sodicity (T _ ESP), topsoil gravel content (T _ GRAVEL), topsoil organic carbon (T _ OC), topsoil pH H 2 O (T _ PH _ H 2 O), topsoil sand fraction (T _ SAND), topsoil base saturation (T _ BS) and topsoil cation exchange capacity of the clay fraction (T _ CEC _ CLAY, categorical variable). Models were built using MaxEnt V. 3.3.3. k (Phillips et al. 2004) applying the default features. In addition a presence / absence distribution map was generated applying a 10 percentile trainings threshold, meaning that 10 % of the training locations are allowed to fall outside the predicted distribution, which is assumed to correct for errors in identification and estimation of locations. The final model was generated using 41 presence records; the result is shown in fig. 3. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of our model has a value of 0.990, which lies well above the critical threshold of 0.7. As the use of AUC has been highly criticised (Peterson et al. 2008), we also tested the model against a null model (Raes & Ter Steege 2007) resulting in a rank number of 100 (out of 100) clearly indicating that the model performs significantly better than random. Based on the predicted potential distribution, Gabonius is nearly endemic for the country of Gabon. The predicted presence on Sao Tomé, as displayed in fig. 3, is not realistic as Sao Tomé is a non-continental island located approx. 250 km off the coastline of Gabon which is impossible to reach for a species with explosive seed dispersal like Gabonius ngouniensis. Moreover, this island is of volcanic origin, with phosphorus-rich soils, which in general are not favourable for Detarieae as discussed above. The only place where Gabonius might occur outside of Gabon is just over the border in Equatorial Guinea; so far the species has not been found in that area. Conservation: — Gabonius ngouniensis is widespread in Gabon with an A 00 of 38137 km 2 (cell size 46 km) and an E 00 of 72300 km 2 and occurs within the borders of several National Parks. It is assessed here as Least Concern (LC) according to the criteria of IUCN (2001). Notes: — Small scars observed on the seedling axis suggest the abscission of a reduced first pair of opposite leaves. At the point of abscission, the epicotyl continues without any signs of transformation into a first stem, suggesting growth is not paused when the reduced first pair of leaves appears. As such this represents a transition between two commonly observed seedling morphologies in Detarieae (Léonard 1957). They are (i) seedlings that possess a clear epicotyl and an opposite first leaf pair indicating a pause in growth while this first pair fully develops, for example Talbotiella korupensis Mackinder & Wieringa (Mackinder et al. 2011: 411) and (ii) seedlings that immediately start producing a shoot with alternative leaves, for example Annea afzelii. This apparent presence of a reduced first leaf pair in Gabonius seedlings represents a (so far) unique morphology in Detarieae. Functionally we consider the seedlings to belong to type (ii) since growth continues beyond the first reduced leaves. We think it unlikely the reduced leaves are functional given they do not persist (see also Mackinder et al. 2013 c). Bark with Green bean-odour (Dibata 132). Freshly dried material has a “ nut-like ” smell (van der Burgt 1). Several collectors note the flowers are fragrant. The epithet was written as “ ngouniensis ” by Pellegrin in 1942, but in a later publication that is much more widely available (Pellegrin 1949: 90) he spelled it as “ ngounyensis ”. Since Aubréville (1968 a) in his flora treatment also used the later spelling, this spelling currently prevails in publications and databases. Since the epithet refers to a geographical name, its spelling should follow that of the original protologue and is not to be corrected. In the Flore du Gabon treatment, Aubréville (1968 a: 102) lists Le Testu 5890 (P) as the holotype. This is incorrect, since the protologue mentions two collections (Le Testu 5284 & Le Testu 5890) but does not indicate a holotype. Moreover, this cannot be seen as a lectotypification since a lectotype had already been selected by Léonard (1951: 441), who selected 5284.	en	Wieringa, Jan J., Mackinder, Barbara A., Van Proosdij, André S. J. (2013): Gabonius gen. nov. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae), a distant cousin of Hymenostegia endemic to Gabon. Phytotaxa 142 (1): 15-24, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.142.1.2
