taxonID	type	description	language	source
086356E267915A50A39C3E3C0070FABA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species of Xenorhina is characterised by the unique combination of: medium size (SUL of five males 34.5 - 41.0 mm); vomeropalatines each with one long and acuminate spike; legs moderately long (TL / SUL 0.42 - 0.46); all fingers without and all toes with expanded discs; eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.18 - 1.48); tympanum diameter smaller than or equal to that of eye (TyD / ED 0.75 - 1.00); dorsal surfaces in life different tones of brown or blue or a mixture of these colours; ventral surfaces different tones of orange with irregular whitish spots or mouse grey (RAL 7005) with whitish spots and reticulations; advertisement calls uttered in series containing 7 - 12 single, mournful " hoots " separated by long intervals of about five seconds.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
086356E267915A50A39C3E3C0070FABA.taxon	description	Description of the holotype. Measurements are summarised in Table 1, a dorsolateral view in life is shown in Fig. 1 a and ventral surfaces in life in Fig. 1 b. Head broader than long (HL / HW 0.74); snout acuminate from above and below, distinctly protruding in profile; tongue very broad, only its lateral and posterior edges free; prepharyngeal ridge with five roundish denticles; left vomerine spike very well developed, right spike present, but malformed; loreal region oblique, no canthus rostralis; nostrils near tip of snout, directed more lateral than dorsal, visible from above, but not from below; eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.18); tympanum visible in life and preservative, its diameter slightly less than that of eye (TyD / ED 0.87); supratympanic fold weakly expressed, extending from behind eye to insertion of fore leg; shank short (TL / SUL 0.42); fingers moderately short, not webbed; tips of all fingers with circum-marginal grooves, all not wider than penultimate phalanges; relative lengths of fingers 3> 4 = 1 = 2 (Fig. 1 c); all toe tips with circum-marginal grooves and wider than penultimate phalanges; toes not webbed, relative lengths 4> 3> 5> 2> 1 (Fig. 1 d); plantar and palmar tubercles (with exception of prominent, oval inner metatarsal tubercle; Fig. 1 d), as well as subarticular tubercles scarcely visible. Body laterally with numerous distinct tubercles in life, less prominent in preservative; dorsal surfaces of limbs and middle of dorsum with fewer tubercles, all ventral surfaces smooth; tip of snout with several tiny elevations (especially on underside). In life, dorsal surfaces of head and anterior portion of body and fore limbs, uniform bluish-brown; remaining dorsal surfaces and flanks a mixture of saffron-yellow (RAL 1017) and blue-grey; tubercles with brown bases and whitish apices concentrated on flanks; body dorsally with light yellow mid-dorsal line that continues on to hind legs; lumbar region with light yellow semi-circular spot (Fig. 1 a); vent and adjacent region enclosed within dark brown triangular patch; iris blackish with barely visible golden reticulation; plantar and ventral surfaces of toes predominantly brown, palms and ventral surfaces of fingers predominantly grey and cream; throat, chest, abdomen and ventral surfaces of extremities deep orange (RAL 2011), with some whitish spots (Fig. 1 b). In preservative, dorsal surfaces of head, anterior back and fore limbs signal brown (RAL 8002); other dorsal surfaces ivory with diffuse brownish smears, tubercles with terra brown (RAL 8028) bases and whitish apices; ventral surfaces light ivory (RAL 1015); ivory lumbar spot on left side more clearly pronounced than on right.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
086356E267915A50A39C3E3C0070FABA.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecological notes. Most records of Xenorhina lacrimosa sp. nov. are from lowland and foothill forest in south-central Papua New Guinea (Fig. 8), where this species appears to have a broad distribution at altitudes ranging from near sea level around Kopi to at least 950 m a. s. l. We also refer several specimens from Herowana Village at 1,400 m a. s. l. (the most easterly location in Fig. 8) to this species pending confirmation of genetic relationships. Males called at night, normally after rain, either from within the leaf litter on the forest floor or down to several centimetres depth in the humus layer beneath the litter.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
086356E267915A50A39C3E3C0070FABA.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet Xenorhina lacrimosa is a Latin adjective in female gender; translated literally it means " tearful ", but it is also translated as " lamentable voice " and refers to the mournful sounding advertisement call of the new species.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3F72A013CF155A65B06B3EC734EEE4EE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species of Xenorhina is characterised by the unique combination of: very small body size (SUL of the only adult male 16.7 mm); vomeropalatines each with a single triangular spike; legs moderately long (TL / SUL 0.46); all fingers and first toe without and toes 2 - 5 with expanded discs; eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.27); tympanum smaller than eye (TyD / ED 0.77); dorsal surfaces in life beige brown (RAL 8024) with darker areas on upper flanks, in middle of back and on neck; lower flanks with whitish spots and reticulations and some irregular dark brown flecks; supratympanic area with dark brown fleck; ventral surfaces off-white with extensive blackish-brown reticulation. Advertisement calls in series containing about 30 soft " popping " calls of 30 - 40 ms duration, produced at a rate of 6.8 - 6.9 calls / s.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3F72A013CF155A65B06B3EC734EEE4EE.taxon	description	Description of the holotype. Measurements and ratios are presented in Table 2. Body squat (Fig. 4 a and b), head broader than long (HL / HW 0.84); snout strongly acuminate from above and below and protruding in profile; tongue broad, only its lateral and posterior edges free; prepharyngeal ridge without denticles; a single triangular spike of moderate size on each vomeropalatine; loreal region oblique, no canthus rostralis; nostrils near tip of snout, directed dorsolaterally, visible from above, but not from below; eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.27); greater part of tympanum visible in life and preservative, its diameter smaller than that of eye (TyD / ED 0.77); supratympanic fold short, not contacting posterior edge of eye and not reaching insertion of fore leg; shank of moderate length (TL / SUL 0.46); fingers moderately short, not webbed; tips of fingers not wider than penultimate phalanges, all with circum-marginal grooves that extend along entire length of digits, relative lengths of fingers 3> 4> 2 = 1 (Fig. 4 c); all toe tips with circum-marginal grooves, all tips, except that of toe 1 wider than penultimate phalanges; toes not webbed, relative lengths 4> 3> 5> 2> 1 (Fig. 4 d); plantar and palmar tubercles (with exception of small, but prominent inner metatarsal tubercle), as well as subarticular tubercles scarcely visible. Dorsal surfaces with only a few tubercles and a raised mid-dorsal ridge, ventral surfaces smooth (Fig. 4 b). In life, dorsal surfaces beige brown with darker areas on upper flanks, in middle of back and in scapular region (Fig. 4 a); lower flanks with whitish spots and whitish reticulations and three (left side of body) or four (right side of body) irregular dark brown flecks which merge with dark brown reticulum of abdomen; supratympanic area with conspicuous dark brown fleck; all ventral surfaces light grey with dense dark brown reticulations (Fig. 4 b); lumbar spot absent; vent and adjacent areas of thighs enclosed in large, triangular dark brown patch, borders of which disintegrate ventrally; outer margin of iris blackish, inner margin golden. In preservative, dorsal surfaces reddish-brown, flanks with dark irregular spots and supratympanic region with large, dark brown fleck; ventral surfaces ivory-white with brown beige (RAL 1011) reticulum; large ivory-white area between eye and insertion of fore-leg present (not evident in life).	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3F72A013CF155A65B06B3EC734EEE4EE.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecological notes. Xenorhina perexigua sp. nov. is known only from one locality, in hill forest at an altitude of 950 m a. s. l. in the upper Strickland River basin of south-western Papua New Guinea (Fig. 8). The holotype was calling from within leaf litter on the forest floor at night during rain.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3F72A013CF155A65B06B3EC734EEE4EE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet Xenorhina perexigua is a Latin adjective of feminine gender, meaning very small (translation of perexiguus, - a, - um in the Dictionarium latino-germanicum means " sehr klein ") and refers to the diminutive size of the new species.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
E55C3E5517DD5605851D2A1DBAE52076.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species of Xenorhina is characterised by the unique combination of: small size (SUL of two adult males 20.3 and 21.2 mm); vomeropalatines each with a single moderately developed triangular vomerine spike; legs of medium length (TL / SUL 0.44 in both specimens); all fingers without and all toes with, expanded terminal discs; tips of all fingers and toes with circum-marginal grooves, all grooves extending at least partly along digits; head short (HL / SUL 0.26 in both specimens); eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.33 in both specimens); dorsal surfaces in life brown-beige (RAL 1011) or grey-brown; ventral surfaces ivory-white with extensive pale brown (RAL 8025) reticulation; mid-dorsal line and lumbar spots absent; advertisement calls uttered in series lasting 4 - 9 s, containing 10 - 30 " piping " calls, each 56 - 93 ms duration with repetition rate of 2.5 - 3.6 calls / s.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
E55C3E5517DD5605851D2A1DBAE52076.taxon	description	Description of the holotype. Measurements are summarised in Table 3. Body squat (Fig. 6 a and b), head broader than long (HL / HW 0.83); snout short (HL / SUL 0.26), strongly acuminate from above and below, protruding in profile; tongue broad, only its lateral edges and posterior lobes free; prepharyngeal ridge with few tiny denticles; vomerine spikes triangular and of moderate size; loreal region oblique, canthus rostralis absent; nostrils near tip of snout, directed more laterally than dorsally, visible from above, but not from below; eye-naris distance significantly greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.33); tympanum nearly as large as eye (TyD / ED 0.92); supratympanic fold weakly expressed, not reaching eye or insertion of fore leg; shank moderately long (TL / SUL 0.44); fingers moderately short, not webbed, all fingers without and all toes with expanded terminal discs; circum-marginal grooves on all fingers and all toes, extending at least partly along most digits; head short (HL / SUL 0.26); eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.33); tympanum slightly larger than half the size of eye (TyD / ED 0.59); relative lengths of fingers 3> 4 = 2 = 1 (Fig. 6 c); toes not webbed, relative lengths 4> 3> 5> 2> 1 (Fig. 6 d); plantar and palmar tubercles, as well as subarticular tubercles, not clearly demarcated, with the exception of small, but prominently raised inner metatarsal tubercle (Fig. 6 d). Dorsolateral surfaces of body and dorsal surfaces of shanks with some tubercles, more conspicuous in life than in preservative; ventral surfaces smooth; tip of snout lighter than surrounding skin, with some tiny depressions. In life, dorsal surfaces brown beige (RAL 1011); lumbar spots and mid-dorsal line absent; tubercles with whitish apices concentrated on upper flanks; lower flanks, lateral surfaces of head and anterior hind limbs off-white with conspicuous fawn (RAL 8007) reticulum; snout tip window grey (RAL 7040); iris blackish with few golden specks (Fig. 6 a); ventral surfaces pearl-white (RAL 1013) with dusky pink (RAL 3014) reticulum and irregular pearl-white spots; throat dusky pink with only a few whitish spots (Fig. 6 b). In preservative, ground colour of dorsal surfaces of head, back and hind limbs fawn brown (RAL 8007) with some inconspicuous darker areas; head less densely pigmented than adjacent neck; ground colour of dorsal surfaces of fore limbs and anterior hind limbs beige (RAL 1001) with conspicuous terra-brown strikes and reticula; rear of thighs predominantly terra-brown with a few whitish spots below and small blackish area around vent; ventral surfaces fawn-brown with conspicuous pearl-white spots; throat and middle of chest least spotted.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
E55C3E5517DD5605851D2A1DBAE52076.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecological notes. Xenorhina pohleorum sp. nov. is known from two localities approximately 140 km apart in the lowland rainforests of Gulf and Western Provinces in south-central Papua New Guinea (Fig. 8), where males called from under the litter or within the humus layer, at night during rain.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
E55C3E5517DD5605851D2A1DBAE52076.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet Xenorhina pohleorum is the Latinised patronymic adjective in genitive plural derived from the family name Pohle. It is to recognise a very long-lasting friendship of the senior author with Sybille and Claus Pohle from Berlin.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3CE3C93B4818589EAB51FA2E16AB6AA9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species of Xenorhina is characterised by the unique combination of: moderately small size (males 20.7 - 23.5 mm SUL); vomeropalatines each with one moderately developed triangular vomerine spike; legs moderately short (TL / SUL 0.40 - 0.44); all fingers and first toe without and toes 2 - 5 with, expanded terminal discs; tips of all fingers and toes with circum-marginal grooves that extend, at least partially, along most digits; head short (HL / SUL 0.26 - 0.28), eye-naris distance much greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.36 - 1.54); tympanum approximately 2 / 3 size of eye (TyD / ED 0.63 - 0.69). Dorsal surfaces in life reddish-brown, covered extensively with small, white-tipped tubercles, lower flanks with larger off-white spots; back with faint yellowish mid-dorsal line. Advertisement calls uttered in series containing less than 10 short, extremely soft " piping " calls of 133 - 162 ms duration, produced at a rate of 2.5 - 3.0 calls / s.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3CE3C93B4818589EAB51FA2E16AB6AA9.taxon	description	Description of the holotype. Measurements are summarised in Table 4, a dorsolateral view in life is shown in Fig. 10 a and ventral surfaces in life in Fig. 10 b. Head broader than long (HL / HW 0.81); snout short (HL / SUL 0.27), strongly acuminate from above and below, protruding in profile; tongue long, broad, only its lateral and posterior edges free; prepharyngeal ridge with eight small denticles; vomerine spikes triangular and of moderate size; loreal region oblique, no canthus rostralis; nostrils near tip of snout, directed dorsolaterally, visible from above, but not from below; eye-naris distance significantly greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.46); borders of tympanum poorly defined in life and preservative, its diameter 2 / 3 that of eye (TyD / ED 0.67); supratympanic fold not reaching posterior edge of eye or insertion of fore-leg; shank short (TL / SUL 0.40); fingers moderately short, not webbed; all fingers and first toe without and toes 2 - 5 with, expanded terminal discs; circum-marginal grooves on tips of all fingers and toes, extending at least partly along most digits; relative lengths of fingers 3> 4 = 2 = 1 (Fig. 10 c); toes not webbed, relative lengths 4> 3> 5> 2> 1 (Fig. 10 d); plantar and palmar tubercles as well as subarticular tubercles poorly defined. Dorsal surfaces with scattered low tubercles and a slightly raised yellowish mid-dorsal ridge, ventral surfaces smooth. In life, dorsal surfaces brown beige (RAL 1011) with irregularly shaped, indistinct lighter markings in lumbar region and narrow, pale mid-dorsal line; dorsum with numerous small, white-tipped tubercles; lower flanks and anterior and posterior of tympana with whitish spots; dorsal surfaces of limbs and dorsal edge of tympana with few dark brown spots and / or streaks; iris blackish with scarcely visible golden veins and solid golden inner margin. Colour of ventral surfaces in life was not documented. In preservative, ground colour of dorsal surfaces reddish-brown; dorsolateral surfaces with conspicuous blackish-brown spots, mostly associated with white-tipped tubercles; extremities and anterior back with lighter brown flecks than those on dorsolateral surfaces; solid reddish-brown areas of back merge on lower flanks into ivory-white ground colour of ventral surfaces, which are covered by a dense orange-brown reticulum.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3CE3C93B4818589EAB51FA2E16AB6AA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecological notes. Xenorhina thiekeorum sp. nov. is known only from the type locality adjacent to the Ok Menga (" Ok " = River in the local Min language), at an altitude of 620 m a. s. l. in the foothills of the Hindenburg Range, Ok Tedi headwaters in Western Province, Papua New Guinea (Fig. 16). The frogs were calling from 1 - 3 cm beneath the soil surface at the base of ginger plants after rain at night. Unlike many Xenorhina species, the distribution of calling males was " clumped "; all four frogs were detected by their calls within an area of approximately 4 m 2 of wet hill forest, while none was heard calling in apparently suitable adjacent forest.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
3CE3C93B4818589EAB51FA2E16AB6AA9.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet Xenorhina thiekeorum is the Latinised patronymic adjective in genitive plural of the family name Thieke. It is given to recognise a very long-lasting friendship of the senior author with Heidi and Ulrich (Uli) Thieke from Berlin.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
4B2C14BA694259EA9ABDEF79E8C15584.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species of Xenorhina is characterised by the unique combination of: medium size (males 32.0 - 35.7 mm SUL); vomeropalatines each with one strongly developed triangular spike; legs moderately long (TL / SUL 0.44 - 0.47); all fingers tips without and all toe tips with expanded discs; eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.19 - 1.37); tympanum same size as, or slightly smaller than, eye (TyD / ED 0.80 - 1.00). Dorsal surfaces in life different shades of grey or brown; ventral surfaces different shades of red or yellow, throat and chest with some darker flecks. Advertisement calls uttered in series lasting 10 - 20 s and containing 20 - 40 calls; length of calls 60 - 100 ms, dominant frequency at 0.5 kHz.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
4B2C14BA694259EA9ABDEF79E8C15584.taxon	description	Description of the holotype. Measurements are summarised in Table 5, a dorsolateral view in life is shown in Fig. 12 a and ventral surfaces in life in Fig. 12 b. Head broader than long (HL / HW 0.84); snout acuminate from above and below and distinctly protruding in profile; vomerine spikes strongly developed; prepharyngeal ridge clearly expressed with about 14 denticles; tongue long, broad, not bilobed posteriorly; loreal region oblique, no canthus rostralis; nostrils near tip of snout, positioned dorsolaterally, visible from above, but not from below; eye-naris distance greater than internarial distance (END / IND 1.37); tympanic annulus more strongly defined in preservative than in life, its diameter smaller than that of eye (TyD / ED 0.80); well defined supratympanic fold extends from marginally behind eye to insertion of fore leg; shank moderately short (TL / SUL 0.44); fingers moderately short, not webbed, tips of all fingers not wider than penultimate phalanges, but with circum-marginal grooves, relative lengths of fingers 3> 4> 2 = 1 (Fig. 12 c); all toe tips acuminate, but wider than penultimate phalanges, with circum-marginal grooves; toes not webbed, relative lengths 4> 3> 5> 2> 1 (Fig. 12 d); plantar, palmar and subarticular tubercles barely defined. Body laterally and dorsum of legs partly, with scattered small tubercles in life and in preservative; all ventral surfaces smooth; tip of snout (especially ventrally) with several tiny elevations. In life, all dorsal surfaces almost uniformly light olive-brown (RAL 8008); lumbar spot absent; back with yellowish mid-dorsal line that continues along hind legs on to tarsus; tubercles with whitish apices concentrated mainly on lateral surfaces of body; large dark triangular spot on posterior of thighs around vent absent; iris blackish with golden speckles; ventral surfaces of toes predominantly signal-grey (RAL 7004), plantar surfaces brown-grey; ventral surfaces of fingers and palms predominantly signal-grey; abdomen and ventral surfaces of thighs, shanks and arms melon-yellow (similar to RAL 1028) with inconspicuous whitish spots; ground colour of throat and chest also melon-yellow, but overlain with dense pattern of beige-grey and off-white spots. In preservative, all dorsal surfaces pastel-violet (RAL 4009), with only few darker areas and inconspicuous whitish tubercle apices. Melon-yellow ventral surfaces faded to ivory colour in preservative and pattern on chest and throat changed from beige-grey to brown-beige (RAL 1011).	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
4B2C14BA694259EA9ABDEF79E8C15584.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecological notes. Xenorhina wiegankorum sp. nov. has a known distribution limited to altitudes of 330 - 950 m a. s. l. in the foothills of the upper Strickland River catchment in Western Province, south-western Papua New Guinea (Fig. 16). Males called at night from under the litter on the forest floor or from slightly beneath the soil surface, during or immediately after heavy rain.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
4B2C14BA694259EA9ABDEF79E8C15584.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet Xenorhina wiegankorum is the Latinised patronymic adjective in genitive plural of the family name Wiegank. It is given to recognise a very long-lasting friendship of the senior author with Ulla and Friedrich-Manfred (Conny) Wiegank from Potsdam.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
AE738E22781E554C9F169E4BCFB76AC7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species of Xenorhina is characterised by the unique combination of: small to medium-size (males 28.7 - 30.1 mm SUL); vomeropalatines each with one moderate-sized vomerine spike; legs short (TL / SUL 0.36 in two specimens); all fingers and toe 1 without expanded discs, toes 2 - 5 with weakly expanded discs (T 4 D / SUL 0.038 - 0.040); eye-naris distance smaller than internarial distance (END / IND 0.80 - 0.91); tympanum slightly larger than eye (TyD / ED 1.11 in two specimens). Dorsal surfaces bluish-brown in life, ventral surfaces dark orange with irregular whitish and greyish spots. Advertisement calls uttered in series lasting 3 - 5 s, calls per series 13 - 19, call length 37 - 84 ms, repetition rate 4.0 - 4.5 calls / s.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
AE738E22781E554C9F169E4BCFB76AC7.taxon	description	Description of the holotype. Measurements are summarised in Table 6, a dorsolateral view in life is shown in Fig. 15 a and ventral surfaces in life in Fig. 15 b. Head broader than long (HL / HW 0.75); snout acuminate from above, protruding in profile; loreal region oblique, no canthus rostralis; nostrils near tip of snout, directed more laterally than dorsally, visible from above, but not from below; eye-naris distance less than internarial distance (END / IND 0.90); tympanum visible in life and preservative, its diameter slightly larger than eye (TyD / ED 1.11); tongue very broad; vomerine spikes triangular, moderately large; prepharyngeal ridge narrow with four denticles; supratympanic fold well-developed, not reaching eye or insertion of fore leg (Fig. 15 a); shank short (TL / SUL 0.36); fingers moderately short, not webbed; tips of all fingers with circum-marginal grooves, not or only marginally wider than penultimate phalanges, relative lengths of fingers 3> 4> 2> 1 (Fig. 15 c); all toe tips with circum-marginal grooves, those on toes 2 - 4 clearly wider than penultimate phalanges, those on toe 1 and toe 5 scarcely wider than penultimate phalanges; toes not webbed, relative lengths 4> 3> 5> 2> 1 (Fig. 15 d); plantar, palmar and subarticular tubercles barely visible; body laterally with some distinct tubercles in life, barely visible in preservative; dorsal surfaces of extremities, middle of dorsum and all ventral surfaces smooth; tip of snout with several tiny pimples. In life, dorsal surface of head, body and extremities a mixture of grey-brown and copper-brown (RAL 8004) (Fig. 15 a); lower flanks uniform greyish with bluish hue and off-white dots and streaks; semicircular lumbar spot present, but only vaguely defined; a distinct whitish mid-dorsal line extends on to rear of thighs and on shanks and tarsi, then as broken line on to abdomen and chest; dorsal and ventral surfaces of fingers and toes and palmar surfaces orange; plantar surfaces a mixture of irregular light grey, dark grey and orange spots. Ventral surfaces of throat, chest, abdomen and extremities orange-brown (RAL 8023) with irregular light grey spots (Fig. 15 b); most tubercles on flanks and extremities with whitish tips; snout tip light grey with tiny dark grey spots; outer margin of iris blackish and inner margin gold-orange, with some integration of colours at their margins. In preservative, dorsal surfaces changed from copper-brown to mahogany-brown (RAL 8016), that of ventral surfaces from orange-brown to ivory (RAL 1014). Dorsal surfaces of fingers and toes also become ivory coloured. Lumbar spots no longer visible.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
AE738E22781E554C9F169E4BCFB76AC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecological notes. Xenorhina woxvoldi sp. nov. is known only from one location at an altitude of 1,368 m a. s. l. on the southern fringe of the Karius Range in Hela Province, Papua New Guinea (Fig. 16), where males called from within the humus layer in lower montane rainforest during late afternoon and early evening.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
AE738E22781E554C9F169E4BCFB76AC7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet Xenorhina woxvoldi is the Latinised patronymic adjective in genitive singular derived from the family name Woxvold. It is in gratitude of the junior author to Iain Woxvold for the many years of friendship, camaraderie and shared adventures in remotest New Guinea.	en	Guenther, Rainer, Richards, Stephen (2021): Description of six new species of Xenorhina Peters, 1863 from southern Papua New Guinea (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Zoosystematics and Evolution 97 (2): 355-382, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59696
