taxonID	type	description	language	source
F67E504B116AF1284B8E76E0FB83FAAD.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — USA. Montana: Spring at base of Square Butte, tributary of Cowboy Creek, Chouteau County, 47.4829 o N, 110.2380 o W, 1400 m elevation, collected from rocks and sediment by Loren Bahls, 22 May 1999. Montana Diatom Collection (MDC) sample 179801; holotype slide MDC B 1 - 22 - 5, Figs 1 – 4; isotype slide MDC B 1 - 22 - 6. Valves lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate with subrostrate, broadly rounded apices. Shallow pseudoseptum occupies each apex (Fig. 4). Valve length 47 – 55 µm; valve width 10.0 – 12.3 µm. Raphe filiform, slightly sinuous, with a pronounced bend near the proximal ends, which are weakly inflated. Distal raphe ends hooked towards the same direction. Axial area c. 4 x wider than raphe, following the same contours, including the aforementioned bend. Central stauros broad, largely rectangular, scarcely wider at valve margins. Striae radiate throughout, somewhat curved, concave toward valve center, 19 – 20 in 10 µm. Areolae in striae 18 – 20 in 10 µm.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B116AF1284B8E76E0FB83FAAD.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — This taxon is named after William Clark (1770 – 1838), an early 19 th Century Montana explorer (Jones 2004). Observations: — Stauroneis clarkii was reported by Bahls (2010: 155) as S. subhyperborea Van de Vijver & Lange-Bertalot (2004: 72), from which it may be distinguished by its wider, less protracted apices, shallower pseudosepta, and higher areola density. It differs from S. obtusa Lagerstedt (1873: 36) by having subtly protracted apices and somewhat wider valves relative to their length. Stauroneis microbtusa Reichardt (2004: 442) has more steeply radiate striae and a central stauros that is shaped like a bow tie. Stauroneis clarkii is known only from the type locality, which it shares with S. sacajaweae.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B116AF1284B8E724CFBE0F85A.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — USA. Montana: Blodgett Lake, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness, Ravalli County, 46.2505 o N, 114.4544 o W, 2072 m elevation, collected from rocks and sediment by U. S. Forest Service personnel on 10 September 1991. MDC sample 110901; holotype slide MDC P 3 - 4 - 1, Figs 5 – 6. Valves narrow lanceolate to linear-lanceolate with gradually attenuated subrostrate apices. Moderately deep pseudoseptum occupies each apex (Fig. 6). Valve length 25 – 38 µm; valve width 6.1 - 7.9 µm. Raphe filiform, nearly straight with somewhat inflated proximal ends. Distal raphe ends hooked in same direction. Axial area linear c. 3 x wider than raphe, widening somewhat near central area. Central stauros broad, shaped like a bow tie. Striae strongly radiate throughout, 22 – 26 in 10 µm. Areolae in striae 24 - 26 in 10 µm.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B116AF1284B8E724CFBE0F85A.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — This species is named after Meriwether Lewis (1774 – 1809), an early 19 th Century Montana explorer (Danisi 2009). Observations: — Stauroneis lewisii was reported by Bahls (2010: 121) as S. pseudoschimanskii Van de Vijver & Lange-Bertalot (2004: 57), which has elliptic-lanceolate valves with short, broadly subrostrate apices. Besides the type locality, Stauroneis lewisii has been collected from two other small lakes in southwestern Montana: Fred Burr Lake, Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness, Ravalli County, 46.3291 o N, 114.4163 o W; and Bloody Dick Pond # 6, Beaverhead County, 45.1119 o N, 113.4447 o W.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B1168F12A4B8E7785FD41FCFF.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — USA. Montana: Spring at base of Square Butte, tributary of Cowboy Creek, Chouteau County, 47.4829 o N, 110.2380 o W, 1400 m elevation, collected from rocks and sediment by Loren Bahls, 22 May 1999. MDC sample 179801; holotype slide MDC B 1 - 22 - 5, Figs 9, 11 – 15. Valves lanceolate with gradually attenuated subrostrate apices. A deep pseudoseptum occupies each apex (Fig. 15). Valve length 54 – 80 µm; valve width 10.8 – 14.7 µm. Raphe lateral, becoming filiform towards proximal ends, which are bent to one side and tipped with weakly inflated pores. Distal raphe ends hooked in a direction opposite that of proximal ends. Axial area c 3 x wider than raphe and widens gradually towards central area. Central stauros broad, shaped like a bow tie. Striae strongly radiate throughout, 23 – 25 in 10 µm. Areolae in striae 18 – 22 in 10 µm.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B1168F12A4B8E7785FD41FCFF.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — This species is named after the Lemhi Shoshone woman, Sacajawea (1788 – 1812?), who served as guide and interpreter for Lewis and Clark (Mann 2004). Observations: — Stauroneis sacajaweae was reported by Bahls (2010: 155) as S. subhyperborea Van de Vijver & Lange-Bertalot (2004: 72). However, the Montana specimens have a wider stauros and distinctly higher stria and areola densities than S. subhyperborea. Besides the type locality — which it shares with S. clarkii — S. sacajaweae has been collected from a seep along the Going-To-The-Sun Road in Glacier National Park, Montana, 48.7381 o N, 113.7456 o W.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B1168F12A4B8E74A2FBF0F920.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — USA. Idaho: Copper Lake, Shoshone County, 46.9422 o N, 115.2664 o W, 1750 m elevation, collected at 3 m depth from aquatic macrophytes by John Pierce, 29 September 1998. MDC sample 179601; holotype slide MDC P 4 - 1 - 1, Figs 16 – 18, 20 – 21. Valves lanceolate to linear-lanceolate with narrowly rostrate apices. Pseudosepta absent. Valve length 48 – 76 µm; valve width 12 – 15 µm. Raphe lateral, straight with weakly inflated proximal ends. Distal raphe ends hooked to same side. Axial area 3 x wider than raphe, expanding slightly near central area. Central stauros narrow, nearly rectangular, hardly expanding towards valve margins where shortened striae may be present. Striae radiate throughout, 19 – 21 in 10 µm. Areolae in striae 20 - 28 in 10 µm.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B1168F12A4B8E74A2FBF0F920.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Stauroneis spauldingiae is named after Sarah Spaulding, a modern day explorer of diatoms, distant lands, and big rock walls. Observations: — Stauroneis spauldingiae was reported by Bahls (2010: 45) as S. anceps Ehrenberg (1843: 34). Valves of S. spauldingiae are somewhat larger, and have a lower stria density and a smaller, more rectangular stauros than specimens designated by Reichardt (1995: 25) as the lectotype of S. anceps (Sippe 1, Tafel 16, Figs 1 – 12). The occurrence of S. anceps — one of the most frequently misidentified species of Stauroneis — remains to be confirmed in the USA. In addition to the type locality, S. spauldingiae has been collected from several small lakes and ponds in western Montana and northern Idaho (Bahls 2010). These waters have circumneutral pH and very low concentrations of dissolved solids.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B1168F12C4B8E71F0FE2DFE8F.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — USA. Montana: Upper Wolverine Lake (Fig. 25), Ten Lakes Scenic Area, Kootenai National Forest, Lincoln County, 48.9705 o N, 114.9221 o W, 1890 m elevation, collected from rocks and sediment by Loren Bahls, 9 September 1990. MDC sample 108601; holotype slide MDC P 3 - 3 - 1, Figs 22 – 24. Valves lanceolate with rounded, unprotracted apices. A deep pseudoseptum occupies each apex (Fig. 24). Valve length 88 – 105 µm; valve width 16.3 – 17.5 µm. Raphe lateral with straight proximal ends, slightly inflated. Distal raphe ends hooked to same side. Axial area narrowly lanceolate, widens gradually towards central area. Central stauros nearly rectangular and placed somewhat diagonally to apical axis. Striae radiate throughout, 17 – 18 in 10 µm. Areolae in striae 12 – 15 in 10 µm.	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
F67E504B1168F12C4B8E71F0FE2DFE8F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Stauroneis thompsonii is named for David Thompson (1770 – 1857), an early 19 th Century Montana explorer and cartographer (Jenish 2003). Observations: — Stauroneis thompsonii was reported by Bahls (2010: 61) as S. aff. catharinae Van de Vijver & Lange-Bertalot (2004: 27). However, it has significantly wider valves and lower stria and areola densities than S. catharinae. It is known only from the type locality, a small lake in the Galton Range in northwest Montana (Fig. 25).	en	Bahls, Loren (2012): Five new species of Stauroneis (Bacillariophyta, Stauroneidaceae) from the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Phytotaxa 67 (1): 1-8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.67.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.67.1.1
