taxonID	type	description	language	source
03DE241FFFACFFB6F0A2FEAF52D0E86A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 well developed, accessory flagellum forming a cap. Mandible molar columnar with convex triturating surface or proximally setose and distally triturating. Gnathopod 1 subchelate or parachelate. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Telson cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFACFFB6F0A2FEAF52D0E86A.taxon	description	Included genera. The Tryphosa group includes 8 genera: Bruunosa Barnard & Karaman, 1987; Glorieusella gen. nov.; Gronella Barnard & Karaman, 1991; Metambasia Stephensen, 1923; Pseudonesimus Chevreux, 1926; Schisturella Norman, 1900; Thrombasia J. L. Barnard, 1966; and Tryphosa Boeck, 1871.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFACFFB6F0A2FEAF52D0E86A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This interesting group is highlighted by two synapomorphies: the accessory flagellum forms a cap that covers the callynophore, and the inner ramus on uropod 2 is constricted. The characters defining the genera are mainly confined to gnathopod 1; strongly or weakly subchelate and the condition of the coxa from fully developed to vestigial, tapering or subrectangular. Two genera, Gronella and Metambasia, are North Atlantic arctic / boreal endemics. Three of the more widespread genera, Pseudonesimus, Schisturella and Thrombasia, occur in Australian waters. Within the Tryphosa group species gnathopod 1 is either strongly subchelate, subchelate or parachelate and three kinds of gnathopod 1 coxae are found: subrectangular and about as big as the gnathopod 2 coxa; slightly smaller than gnathopod 2 and tapering; or vestigial. There are two forms of the maxilla 1 setal-teeth: either both ST- 7 and ST-D have the medial margin mostly or completely serrate or the medial margin is smooth and they are apically serrate or cuspidate. The uropod 3 rami may be either with plumose setae in the adult male and / or female or they have no plumose setae; and the lanceolate inner ramus is either slender or broad. These combinations of characters define the genera in the Tryphosa group.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFACFFB7F0A2F8E35256EE18.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Tryphosa bruuni Dahl, 1959, original designation. Included species. Bruunosa includes one species: B. bruuni (Dahl, 1959). Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 robust seta on distal margin unknown; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum article 3 – 5 slender, brush setae unknown. Mandibular incisor straight; molar a fully triturating column; palp attached midway. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 (?) cuspidate along distomedial margin; ST- D slender, apically cuspidate. Maxilliped outer plate with multiple apical robust setae. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa large, nearly as long as coxa 2, not tapering; carpus slightly longer than propodus; propodus palm acute, straight. Pereopod 4 coxa with weakly developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami without plumose setae in female (male unknown); inner ramus slender, lanceolate. Telson moderately cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFACFFB7F0A2F8E35256EE18.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Bruunosa appears to be most similar to Tryphosa. They are the only genera in the group to have a subchelate gnathopod 1 with a non-tapering coxa as large as the gnathopod 2 coxa. Bruunosa has the carpus of gnathopod 1 longer than the propodus (shorter in Tryphosa) and no plumose setae on the rami of the female uropod 3 (present in Tryphosa).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFACFFB7F0A2F8E35256EE18.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Pacific Ocean.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FD5753BFE89D.taxon	description	(Fig. 1)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FD5753BFE89D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Kermadec Trench, South Pacific Ocean, 6660 – 6770 m depth. Habitat. Sand, clay and stones. Depth range. 6660 – 6770 m (Dahl 1959).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FD5753BFE89D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Dahl (1959) did not explicitly designate a holotype or any syntypes in his original description of the species, but refers to one female and one juvenile. In accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999: Art. 72.1.1) this material collectively constitutes syntypes. The juvenile specimen is now apparently lost and four slides of the female are all that remain of the material. This is re-illustrated by us (Fig. 1), and designated as a lectotype.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FD5753BFE89D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Pacific Ocean. Kermadec Trench (Dahl 1959).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FACB5200EB1A.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Thrombasia incerta Ledoyer, 1986, by monotypy.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FACB5200EB1A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name Glorieusella refers to the Îles Glorieuses, the type locality of the type species. Included species. Glorieusella includes one species: G. incerta (Ledoyer, 1986). Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 lacking robust seta on distal margin; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum articles 3 – 5 slender, without brush setae on the anterior margin. Mandibular incisor straight; molar (?) with reduced column and convex triturating surface (a button); palp attached midway. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 and ST-D unknown. Maxilliped outer plate with (?) single apical robust seta. Gnathopod 1 parachelate; coxa large, nearly as long as coxa 2, not tapering; carpus slightly longer than propodus; propodus palm minute, transverse, straight. Pereopod 4 coxa with weakly developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami without plumose setae in the female (male unknown). Telson weakly cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FACB5200EB1A.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Glorieusella and Metambasia are the only genera of the Tryphosa group that have a minutely parachelate first gnathopod. They are easily separated, as Glorieusella has a large, non-tapering gnathopod 1 coxa, whereas Metambasia has a vestigial gnathopod 1 coxa.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFADFFB7F0A2FACB5200EB1A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Indian Ocean.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFAAFFB0F0A2F98B53EEEBFA.taxon	description	(Fig. 2)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFAAFFB0F0A2F98B53EEEBFA.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Îles Glorieuses, Indian Ocean (11 ° 31 ' S 47 ° 24 ' 6 '' E).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFAAFFB0F0A2F98B53EEEBFA.taxon	description	Habitat. Coralline sand.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFAAFFB0F0A2F98B53EEEBFA.taxon	description	Depth range. 355 – 390 m (Ledoyer 1986).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFAAFFB0F0A2F98B53EEEBFA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Southwest Indian Ocean. Îles Glorieuses (Ledoyer 1986).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA8FFB2F0A2FF5F52DAE96B.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Anonyx groenlandica Hansen, 1888, original designation. Included species. Gronella includes two species: G. groenlandica (Hansen, 1888); G. lobata (Chevreux, 1907). Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 lacking robust seta on distal margin; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum articles 3 – 5 slender, with strong brush setae on the anterior margin. Mandibular incisor curved; molar with reduced column and convex triturating surface (button); palp attached midway. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 cuspidate along distomedial margin; ST-D slender, apically cuspidate. Maxilliped outer plate with apical robust setae. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa large, slightly shorter than coxa 2, tapering; carpus shorter than propodus; propodus palm acute or transverse, straight. Pereopod 4 coxa with well developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami with plumose setae in male, absent in female. Telson moderately cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA8FFB2F0A2FF5F52DAE96B.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Gronella appears to be the sister taxon of Tryphosa. The only clear distinction between these genera is that Gronella has a tapering gnathopod 1 coxa, the setal-teeth of maxilla 1 are less cuspidate and apparently in females the rami of uropod 3 do not develop plumose setae. Gronella is also a sister taxon to Tryphosella which has a tapering first coxa and also a cap on the accessory flagellum. The main difference between these genera is the constricted inner ramus on uropod 2 that occurs in Gronella but not in Tryphosella. The other apparent difference is the structure of the maxilla 1 setal-teeth, most noticeable in ST- 7 which is serrate along the entire curved medial margin in Tryphosella (see Lowry & Stoddart 2011), but serrate distally in Gronella groenlandica, with a smooth, straight medial margin. Tryphosa nana has setal-teeth more similar to species of Tryphosella. Two species, Tryphosella propinqua (Chevreux, 1926) from deep water off Portugal and Tryphosella spitzbergensis (Chevreux, 1926) from the Norwegian Arctic, may also belong to Gronella. Neither the seta-teeth of maxilla 1 nor the rami of uropod 2 have ever been illustrated or described for T. propinqua so that the critical characters which determine its generic status are not known and it cannot be definitely placed in either Gronella or Tryphosella. Chevreux (1926) shows a cap on the accessory flagellum and a broadly tapering gnathopod 1 coxa in T. spitzbergensis. Stephensen (1935) shows a multi-articulated accessory flagellum and a narrowly tapering gnathopod 1 coxa. Neither author illustrated or described uropod 2. Stephensen (1935) was unsure of his identification and his material may well be a different species. Chevreux (1926) indicates the similarity of T. spitzbergensis to Tryphosella schneideri Stephensen, 1921, which does not have a constricted inner ramus on uropod 2. Until this character is known the species cannot be definitely placed in either Gronella or Tryphosella.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA8FFB2F0A2FF5F52DAE96B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Arctic, northwest boreal Atlantic.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA8FFBCF0A2FA665332EDF5.taxon	description	(Fig. 3)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA8FFBCF0A2FA665332EDF5.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. Female, 6.5 mm, male, 7.5 mm, AM P. 9888, from the Bay of Fundy, northwest Atlantic Ocean, United States Bureau of Fisheries, 1872 (ex USNM access. no. 35793, originally identified by C. Shoemaker). Type locality. Egedesminde, Disko Bugt, West Greenland (approximately 68 ° 40 ' N 52 ° 40 ' W), 10 – 20 fathoms [~ 18 – 36.5 m], and Sukkertoppen (Sukkertoppen is an icefield which comes down to the sea near Kangâmiut, West Greenland (approximately 65 ° 50 ' N 53 ° 20 ' W )), 15 – 20 fathoms [~ 27.5 – 36.5 m]. Habitat. Soft bottom (Stephensen 1912), sandy mud with algae (Shoemaker 1920), clay (Oldevig 1959). Depth range. 6 – 140 m (Stephensen 1925, 1935).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA8FFBCF0A2FA665332EDF5.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hansen (1888) specified that his description was based on an adult female (6.5 mm) and adult male (7.4 mm) from the syntype series.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA8FFBCF0A2FA665332EDF5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Arctic. Coasts of Greenland (Hansen 1888, Stephensen 1912); North Norway (Sars 1891, Norman 1902); Spitsbergen (Chevreux 1935); Beaufort Sea (Shoemaker 1920, MacGinitie 1955, Shoemaker 1955); White Sea (Derjugin 1928, Golikov 1988); Laptev Sea (Golikov 1990); Kara, East-Siberian and Chukchi Seas (Tzvetkova & Golikov 2001). Boreal North Atlantic. Bay of Fundy, Canada (Shoemaker 1930); Ungava Bay, Canada (Dunbar 1954); Gulf of St Lawrence (Brunel 1970).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBCF0A2FDD150E5EFFA.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Cross Bay, west of Spitsbergen, 0 – 320 m depth, Princess Alice station 2522. Depth range. 0 – 320 m (Chevreux 1907).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBCF0A2FDD150E5EFFA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The largest of the syntypes, a 7 mm ovigerous female, was illustrated and described by Chevreux (1907).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBCF0A2FDD150E5EFFA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Arctic. Cross Bay, west of Spitsbergen (Chevreux 1907); Mellemfjord, West-Greenland (Lörz 2000).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBCF0A2FBE25265EA4E.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Metambasia faeroensis Stephensen, 1923, by monotypy. Included species. Metambasia includes one species: M. faeroensis Stephensen, 1923. Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 lacking robust seta on distal margin; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum articles 3 – 5 slender in female, article 3 enlarged in male; articles 4 – 5 without brush setae on the anterior margin. Mandibular incisor slightly curved; molar with reduced column and convex triturating surface (button); palp attached midway. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 serrate along the entire curved medial margin; ST-D slender, apically cuspidate. Maxilliped outer plate with apical robust setae. Gnathopod 1 parachelate; coxa vestigial; carpus longer than propodus; propodus palm minute, acute. Pereopod 4 coxa with well developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami plumose setae present in male, absent in female. Telson moderately cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBCF0A2FBE25265EA4E.taxon	discussion	Remarks. See remarks under Glorieusella.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBCF0A2FBE25265EA4E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. North Atlantic Ocean.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBEF0A2F97950DBED40.taxon	description	(Fig. 4)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBEF0A2F97950DBED40.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. South-west of the Faeroe Islands north-east Atlantic Ocean at 835 m depth (61 ° 07 ' N 9 ° 30 ' W), and 900 m depth (61 ° 05 ' N 9 ° 35 ' W). Depth range. 835 – 900 m (Stephensen 1923).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA6FFBEF0A2F97950DBED40.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species appears to have only been collected once, at two separate stations, with a limited distribution near the Faeroe Islands (Stephensen 1923). It is extremely distinctive with a parachelate gnathopod 1 and vestigial gnathopod 1 coxa. In the original description of the species Stephensen (1923) specified that his description and illustrations were based on a 6 mm ovigerous female and an 8 mm adult male from the syntypes series.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBEF0A2FE7F52A3E9D7.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Pseudonesimus abyssi Chevreux, 1926, by monotypy.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBEF0A2FE7F52A3E9D7.taxon	discussion	Included species. Pseudonesimus includes seven species: P. abyssi Chevreux, 1926; P. cedrosianus (J. L. Barnard, 1967); P. parachelatus (Ledoyer, 1986); P. robustus (J. L. Barnard, 1961); P. tacitus (J. L. Barnard, 1961); P. tasmanensis J. L. Barnard, 1961; P. zopa (J. L. Barnard, 1966).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBEF0A2FE7F52A3E9D7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 lacking robust seta on distal margin; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum articles 3 – 5 slender in female and (?) male, with weak brush setae on the anterior margin or brush setae absent. Mandibular incisor curved; molar with reduced column and convex triturating surface (button); palp attached midway. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 serrate along the distomedial margin; ST-D slender, apically cuspidate. Maxilliped outer plate with apical robust setae. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa vestigial; carpus subequal or slightly longer than propodus; propodus palm transverse, convex. Pereopod 4 coxa with well developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami without plumose setae. Telson moderately to slightly cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBEF0A2FE7F52A3E9D7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pseudonesimus was originally described by Chevreux (1926) to accommodate the north Atlantic species Pseudonesimus abyssi. Aristiopsis was later described by Barnard (1961) for Aristiopsis tacitus. Barnard did not associate A. tacitus with Pseudonesimus, and did not draw any comparison between the two genera in his assessment of their relationships with other taxa. Thus, Pseudonesimus remained a monotypic genus (with two subspecies) for more than 40 years until it was eventually placed in the synonymy of Schisturella by Barnard (1967) where it has since remained. Based on the lack of a robust seta on the distal margin of antenna 1 flagellum article 1, the relative length of the gnathopod 1 carpus and propodus, the strongly subchelate, transverse and convex gnathopod 1 palm, and the cleftness of the telson we consider Pseudonesimus to be distinct from Schisturella, and congeneric with Aristiopsis. In accordance with the Principle of Priority (ICZN 1999: Article 23) Aristiopsis thus becomes a junior synonym of Pseudonesimus.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBEF0A2FE7F52A3E9D7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBFF0A2F9825222E8C3.taxon	description	(Fig. 5)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBFF0A2F9825222E8C3.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Chevreux’s description mentions just one specimen, a (?) juvenile male, 6 mm. A specimen registered as MNHN Am 7587, on 7 slides corresponds with the type locality and has “ sp. nov. ” labeled on the slides.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBFF0A2F9825222E8C3.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Gulf of Gascony, 4380 m, Globigerina ooze, Princesse Alice stn 2964.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBFF0A2F9825222E8C3.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat. Globigerina ooze.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBFF0A2F9825222E8C3.taxon	description	Depth range. 2706 – 4380 m (Chevreux 1926, J. L. Barnard 1967)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA4FFBFF0A2F9825222E8C3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northeast Atlantic Ocean. Gulf of Gascony (Chevreux 1926). Northeastern Pacific Ocean. Cedros Trench (J. L. Barnard 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFBFF0A2FAFD5407EAD3.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Holotype, male, 6.8 mm, LACM CR 1960 - 078.9 (originally AHF 6028).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFBFF0A2FAFD5407EAD3.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Cedros Trench, off Baja California (27 ° 54 ' 25 " N 115 ° 40 ' 00 " W), 1720 – 1748 m depth.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFBFF0A2FAFD5407EAD3.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat. Unknown.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFBFF0A2FAFD5407EAD3.taxon	description	Depth range. 1720 – 1748 m (J. L. Barnard 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFBFF0A2FAFD5407EAD3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species differs from P. robustus (J. L. Barnard, 1961) by the more acute lateral cephalic lobes, the more broadly rounded epimeron 3, and uropod 3 peduncle which is twice as long as wide in this species, but only 1.5 × longer than wide in P. robustus.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFBFF0A2FAFD5407EAD3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Eastern Pacific Ocean. Cedros Trench (J. L. Barnard 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFB8F0A2F88D50DAEDAD.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Holotype, female, 6.5 mm, immature (oostegites without setae), MNHN Am 4116.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFB8F0A2F88D50DAEDAD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Between Mayotte and le banc du Geyser (11 ° 59 ' 48 '' S 45 ° 42 ' 6 '' E), 3450 m.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFB8F0A2F88D50DAEDAD.taxon	description	Depth range. 3450 – 3716 m (Ledoyer 1986).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFB8F0A2F88D50DAEDAD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pseudonesimus parachelatus is one of two species previously belonging to the genus Aristiopsis, placed in the synonymy of Pseudonesimus here.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA5FFB8F0A2F88D50DAEDAD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Southwest Indian Ocean. Mozambique Channel between Mayotte and Îles Glorieuses (Ledoyer 1986).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA2FFBBF0A2FE1B51EBEE3D.taxon	description	(Figs 6 – 8)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA2FFBBF0A2FE1B51EBEE3D.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Holotype, male, 10 mm, ZMUC CRU- 1976.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA2FFBBF0A2FE1B51EBEE3D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Off Fiordland, South Island, New Zealand (44 º 18 ' S 166 º 46 ' E), clay, 3580 m depth. Material examined. 1 female, 9.0 mm, NMV J 46957, from off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia (42 ° 0.20 ' S 148 ° 37.70 ' E), 720 m, coarse shelly sand, WHOI epibenthic sled, 27 July 1986, M. F. Gomon et al, RV Franklin stn slope 46; 6 specimens, NMV J 46958, from off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia (42 ° 0.20 ' S 148 ° 37.70 ' E), 720 m, coarse shelly sand, WHOI epibenthic sled, 27 July 1986, M. F. Gomon et al., RV Franklin stn slope 46; 4 specimens, NMV J 46959, from off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia (42 ° 2.20 ' S 148 ° 38.70 ' E), 800 m, coarse shelly sand, WHOI epibenthic sled, 27 July 1986, M. F. Gomon et al, RV Franklin stn slope 45; 1 specimen, NMV J 46960, from off Freycinet Peninsula, Tasmania, Australia (42 ° 2.20 ' S 148 ° 38.70 ' E), 800 m, coarse shelly sand, WHOI epibenthic sled, 27 July 1986, M. F. Gomon et al, RV Franklin stn slope 45.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA2FFBBF0A2FE1B51EBEE3D.taxon	description	Description. Based on female, 9.0 mm, NMV J 46957. Head lateral cephalic lobe subtriangular, apically subacute; eyes apparently absent. Antenna 1 peduncular article 1 without anterodistal lobe; article 2 without anterodistal lobe; accessory flagellum present, forming cap partially covering callynophore, terminal article not offset; flagellum with strong 2 - field callynophore, robust setae absent from proximal articles; calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 3 short, articles 3 to 5 not enlarged, articles 4 – 5 with brush setae on the anterior margin; flagellum short, calceoli absent. Epistome / upper lip separate; epistome less produced than upper lip, straight; upper lip produced, rounded apically. Mandible molar with reduced column and convex strongly triturating surface. Maxilla 1 outer plate setal-tooth 7 present, left and right symmetrical, not cuspidate; palp distal margin with apical robust setae. Maxilliped basis without recurved hook; outer plate with 2 long, broad apical robust setae. Pereonites 1 – 7 dorsally smooth. Gnathopod 1 slightly chelate; coxa reduced, significantly shorter than coxa 2, subquadrate; basis moderately setose along anterior margin; ischium short; carpus short, subequal in length to propodus, without posterior lobe; propodus small, sparsely setose along posterior margin, slightly obtuse, entire, straight. Gnathopod 2 propodus palm transverse. Pereopod 4 coxa without distinct lateral ridge. Pereopod 5 coxa without distinct lateral ridge, without umbo; basis longer than broad, without photophore, not posteroproximally excavate, posterior margin not serrate, posterior margin without mid-central spine, without posteroventral lobe or spine. Pereopod 7 basis posterodistally produced less than halfway along merus, not posterodistally excavate. Pleonites 1 – 3 without mid-dorsal carina, not produced dorsodistally. Epimeron 3 posterior margin smooth, posteroventral corner narrowly rounded. Urosomite 1 n ot projecting over urosomite 2, dorsally straight. Uropod 2 inner ramus with constriction. Uropod 3 stout; peduncle without dorsolateral flange; inner and outer rami well developed, outer ramus article 2 short, without plumose setae on rami. Telson moderately cleft, with dorsal robust setae per lobe, with 2 tiny apical robust setae on each lobe. Sexually dimorphic characters. None known. Depth range. 720 – 3580 m (J. L. Barnard 1961; this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA2FFBBF0A2FE1B51EBEE3D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This is the first record of this species in Australian waters. It has previously been recorded from the west coast of the New Zealand South Island.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA2FFBBF0A2FE1B51EBEE3D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Pacific Ocean. Tasman Sea: southwest coast of New Zealand (J. L. Barnard 1961); east coast of Tasmania (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFBBF0A2FDAB53CFE8F8.taxon	description	(Fig. 9)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFBBF0A2FDAB53CFE8F8.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Tasman Sea (44 º 18 ' S 166 º 46 ' E), 3580 m, clay. Habitat. Marine clay. Depth range. 791 – 3580 m (J. L. Barnard 1961, 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFBBF0A2FDAB53CFE8F8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species was originally recorded from the Tasman Sea just off the coast of the south island of New Zealand. It has since been recorded from the west coast of North America in the Cedros Trench and the Gulf of Panama (Barnard 1964, 1967). Morphologically, both North American populations recorded correspond closely with the Tasman Sea population; however specimens collected from the Panama Trench have a larger dactylus on gnathopod 2 than those from the Tasman Sea, while those from the Cedros Trench have a shorter, stouter maxilliped palp.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFBBF0A2FDAB53CFE8F8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Pacific Ocean. Tasman Sea (44 º 18 ' S 166 º 46 ' E) (J. L. Barnard 1961). North Pacific Ocean. Gulf of Panama (J. L. Barnard 1964); Cedros Trench (J. L. Barnard 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFBBF0A2FAF754A2EAED.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Tasman Sea (45 º 51 ' S 164 º 32 ' E), 4400 m, Globigerina ooze. Habitat. Globigerina ooze. Depth range. 4400 m (J. L. Barnard 1961).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFBBF0A2FAF754A2EAED.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Previously considered a subspecies of P. abyssi, it may be distinguished from that taxon by having a small tooth on the posteroventral corner of epimeron 3.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFBBF0A2FAF754A2EAED.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Pacific Ocean. Tasman Sea (45 º 51 ' S 164 º 32 ' E) (J. L. Barnard 1961).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFA5F0A2F8DB5473ECDD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Catalina Canyon (33 º 22 ' 30 " N 118 º 36 ' 38 " W), 914 m. Depth range. 914 m (J. L. Barnard 1966).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFA1FFA5F0A2F8DB5473ECDD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Based on the lack of a robust seta on the distal margin of the antenna 1 flagellum article 1 and the transverse, convex gnathopod 1 propodus palm, we are removing this species from Schisturella to Pseudonesimus. Distribution. Northeast Pacific Ocean. Catalina Canyon, USA (J. L. Barnard 1966).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA5F0A2FB2452A5EAF8.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. 40 miles north-east of Cape Point, South Africa, 560 – 700 fathoms. Depth range. 564 – 4961 m (Schellenberg 1926, J. L. Barnard 1962).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA5F0A2FB2452A5EAF8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Schisturella adversicola is a poorly known species. The described characters are insufficient to place it in a genus with any degree of confidence. For this reason it tentatively remains in Schisturella until it is redescribed based on better morphological information.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA5F0A2FB2452A5EAF8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Atlantic Ocean. Off Cape Point, South Africa (K. H. Barnard 1925, Schellenberg 1926); Cape Basin, South Africa (J. L. Barnard 1962).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA5F0A2FE8B5304E8AA.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Tryphosa pulchra Hansen, 1888, monotypy. Included species. Schisturella includes seven species: S. adversicola (K. H. Barnard, 1925); S. cocula J. L. Barnard, 1966; S. dorotheae (Hurley, 1963); S. hansgeorgi Larsen, 2007; S. pulchra (Hansen, 1888); S. rosa sp. nov.; S. spinirama Hendrycks & Conlan, 2003. Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 with robust seta on distal margin; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum articles 3 – 5 slender, or article 4 slightly swollen in male; articles 4 – 5 with brush setae on the anterior margin. Mandible incisor curved; molar with reduced column and convex triturating surface (button); palp attached midway to distally. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 serrate along distomedial margin; ST-D slender, serrate along distomedial margin. Maxilliped outer plate multiple apical robust setae present. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa vestigial; carpus subequal to or longer than propodus; propodus palm acute, straight or slightly concave. Pereopod 4 coxa with well-developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami with plumose setae in adult male, present or absent in adult female. Telson moderately to deeply cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA5F0A2FE8B5304E8AA.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Based on the diagnostic characters presented here, there are three main morphological characters that distinguish Schisturella from Pseudonesimus: the long robust seta present distally on the first article of the antenna 1 flagellum (absent in Pseudonesimus); the gnathopod 1 carpus length, which is subequal to or longer than the propodus (shorter in Pseudonesimus) and the shape and orientation of the gnathopod 1 palm which is acute and straight or slightly concave (convex in Pseudonesimus).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA5F0A2FE8B5304E8AA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Arctic, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA6F0A2F8F7552EECDD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Off Point Conception, California, USA (34 º 25 ' 05 " N 120 º 26 ' 45 " W), 162 m.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA6F0A2F8F7552EECDD.taxon	description	Depth range. 162 m (J. L. Barnard 1966).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBFFFA6F0A2F8F7552EECDD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northeast Pacific Ocean. Off Point Conception, California, USA (J. L. Barnard 1966).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA6F0A2FE8B54D6EEFA.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. 16.9 miles east-north-east of east end of Catalina Island light (33 º 24 ’ 01 ” N 118 º 00 ’ 00 ” W), 68 fathoms [124 m], shelly sand and a few rocks. Habitat. Benthic, s helly sand. Depth range. 124 – 360 m (Hurley 1963).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA6F0A2FE8B54D6EEFA.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northeast Pacific Ocean. Off Catalina Island, California, USA (Hurley 1963).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA6F0A2FCF55417E8AD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Juan de Fuca Ridge, Endeavour Segment (47 ° 56.793 ’ N 129 ° 05.838 ’ E), 2213 m depth. Habitat. Hydrothermal vents. Depth range. 2213 m (Larsen 2007).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA6F0A2FCF55417E8AD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northeast Pacific Ocean. Juan de Fuca Ridge (Larsen 2007).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA7F0A2FB1B549FECDD.taxon	description	(Fig. 10)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA7F0A2FB1B549FECDD.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. 3 males, AM P. 35526, from Baie des Isle, Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada (49 º 10 ’ N 58 º 15 ’ W), 19 August 1965. Type locality. Greenland: Sukkertoppen, 100 fathoms [182 m]; Christianshaab 15 – 30 fathoms (27.5 – 55 m); and Egedesminde, 80 – 100 fathoms [146 – 182 m]. Habitat. Marine, hard (stony) to soft (clay) bottoms. Depth range. 27 – 2240 m (Hansen 1888, Gurjanova 1962).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA7F0A2FB1B549FECDD.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Hansen (1888) based his description of the species on an adult female (15 mm) from the syntypes series.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBCFFA7F0A2FB1B549FECDD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Arctic. Coasts of Greenland (Hansen 1888, Schellenberg 1935, Stephensen 1944); Kara Sea (Gurjanova 1935); Northern Norway and Svalbard (Vader & Johnsen 2001). North Atlantic Ocean. Northwest of Shetland (Norman 1906); Gulf of St Lawrence (Shoemaker 1930). North Pacific Ocean. Sea of Okhotsk (Gurjanova 1962);? Enshu-nada and Kumano-nada, Japan (Sekiguchi & Yamaguchi 1983).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBAFFACF0A2FF5F520BECF0.taxon	description	(Figs 11 – 13) Types. Holotype, female, 19.0 mm, AM P. 68993, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 34.8 ’ S 152 ° 4.8 ’ E to 33 ° 37.2 ’ S 152 ° 4.8 ’ E) 1144 m, dredge, 10 December 1980, FRV Kapala stn K 80 - 20 - 10. Paratypes: 1 male, 21.5 mm, AM P. 68995, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 40.2 ’ S 152 ° 6 ’ E to 33 ° 43.2 ’ S 152 ° 4.2 ’ E) 1108 m, trawl, 19 December 1985, FRV Kapala stn K 85 - 21 - 05; 1 specimen, 13.0 mm, AM P. 68994, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 34.8 ’ S 152 ° 4.8 ’ E to 33 ° 37.2 ’ S 152 ° 4.8 ’ E) 1144 m, dredge, 10 December 1980, FRV Kapala stn K 80 - 20 - 10; 5 specimens, 12.4 – 19.8 mm, AM P. 68992, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 37.2 ’ S 152 ° 4.2 ’ E to 33 ° 39 ’ S 152 ° 1.8 ’ E) 896 m, dredge, 10 December 1980, R. T. Springthorpe, FRV Kapala stn K 80 - 20 - 09; 5 specimens, 8.3 – 18.0 mm, AM P. 68996, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 30 ’ S 152 ° 9 ’ E to - 33 ° 33 ’ S 152 ° 10.8 ’ E) 922 m, beam trawl, 12 February 1986, R. T. Springthorpe, FRV Kapala stn K 86 - 01 - 08.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBAFFACF0A2FF5F520BECF0.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. New South Wales: 86 specimens, AM P. 43365, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.9 ’ S 153 ° 32.27 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, Globigerina ooze, 08 September 1994 – 09 September 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Carrie Ann stn NSW- 1000. 3 specimens, AM P. 43421, from off Wollongong (34 ° 32.4 ’ S 151 ° 22.8 ’ E) 1000 m, Globigerina ooze, 27 March 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Robin E stn NSW- 954. 35 specimens, AM P. 43427, from off Wollongong (34 ° 32.4 ’ S 151 ° 22.8 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 54.7 % sand, 45.3 % mud, 27 March 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Robin E stn NSW- 953. 3 specimens, AM P. 43436, from off Wollongong (34 ° 32.4 ’ S 151 ° 22.8 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 28 March 1994 – 29 March 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Robin E stn NSW- 973. 15 specimens, AM P. 43445, from off Wollongong (34 ° 32.4 ’ S 151 ° 22.8 ’ E) 1000 m, 28 March 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Robin E stn NSW- 971. 3 specimens, AM P. 43453, from off Wollongong (34 ° 32.4 ’ S 151 ° 22.8 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 28 March 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Robin E stn NSW- 972. 51 specimens, AM P. 44367, from off Wollongong (34 ° 33.41 ’ S 151 ° 21.35 ’ E) 1000 m, Baited Trap, Globigerina ooze, 6 May 1993 – 7 May 1993, P. Freewater & party, MV Robin E stn NSW- 788. 115 specimens, AM P. 44374, from off Wollongong (34 ° 33.41 ’ S 151 ° 21.35 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, Globigerina ooze, 6 May 1993 – 7 May 1993, P. Freewater & party, MV Robin E stn NSW- 789. 1 specimen, AM P. 44385, from off Wollongong (34 ° 33.21 ’ S 151 ° 21.4 ’ E) 1000 m, Globigerina ooze, 7 May 1993, P. Freewater & party, MV Robin E stn NSW- 806. 2 specimens, AM P. 44392, from off Wollongong (34 ° 33.21 ’ S 151 ° 21.4 ’ E) 1000 m, Globigerina ooze, 7 May 1993, P. Freewater & party, MV Robin E stn NSW- 808. 153 specimens, AM P. 48096, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.94 ’ S 153 ° 32.27 ’ E) 963 m, baited trap, 11 – 12 August 1993, P. B. Berents, R. T. Springthorpe & W. Vader, MV Cheryl Lee stn NSW- 862. 151 specimens, AM P. 48116, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.94 ’ S 153 ° 32.27 ’ E) 963 m, baited trap, 11 – 12 August 1993, P. B. Berents, R. T. Springthorpe & W. Vader, MV Cheryl Lee stn NSW- 863. 282 specimens, AM P. 49809, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.88 ’ S 153 ° 32.21 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 12 – 13 August 1993, P. B. Berents, R. T. Springthorpe & W. Vader, MV Cheryl Lee stn NSW- 876. 311 specimens, AM P. 49826, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.88 ’ S 153 ° 32.21 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 12 – 13 August 1993, P. B. Berents, R. T. Springthorpe & W. Vader, MV Cheryl Lee stn NSW- 877. 6 specimens, AM P. 50069, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.94 ’ S 153 ° 32.27 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 9 – 10 September 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Carrie Ann stn NSW- 1021. 1 specimen, AM P. 50084, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.94 ’ S 153 ° 32.27 ’ E) 1000 m, 9 September 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Carrie Ann stn NSW- 1022. 6 specimens, AM P. 52659, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.88 ’ S 153 ° 32.21 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 12 – 13 August 1993, P. B. Berents, R. T. Springthorpe & W. Vader, MV Cheryl Lee stn NSW- 876. 32 specimens, AM P. 56077, from north-east of Coffs Harbour (30 ° 10.88 ’ S 153 ° 32.21 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 12 – 13 August 1993, P. B. Berents, R. T. Springthorpe & W. Vader, MV Cheryl Lee stn NSW- 877. 1 female, AM P. 68991, from off Wollongong (34 ° 32.4 ’ S 151 ° 22.8 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 27 March 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Robin E stn NSW- 953. Tasmania: 106 specimens, AM P. 51312, from east of Fortescue Bay (43 ° 8.96 ’ S 148 ° 15.36 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 8 – 9 April 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Martrudan stn TAS- 403. 10 specimens, AM P. 51382, from east of Fortescue Bay (43 ° 8.96 ’ S 148 ° 15.36 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 8 – 9 April 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Martrudan stn TAS- 422. 46 specimens, AM P. 51389, from east of Fortescue Bay (43 ° 8.96 ’ S 148 ° 15.36 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 9 – 10 April 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Martrudan stn TAS- 421. 113 specimens, AM P. 57978, from east of Fortescue Bay (43 ° 8.96 ’ S 148 ° 15.36 ’ E) 1000 m, baited trap, 8 – 9 April 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Martrudan stn TAS- 423. 666 specimens, AM P. 74783, from 76.8 km south-south-east of South East Cape, Main Pedra Hill (44 ° 15.6 ’ S 147 ° 7.8 ’ E) 1312 m, baited trap, 21 – 24 January 1997, CSIRO party, FRV Southern Surveyor stn SS 01 / 97 / 08. Type locality. East of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 34.8 ’ S 152 ° 4.8 ’ E to 33 ° 37.2 ’ S 152 ° 4.8 ’ E), 1144 m depth.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBAFFACF0A2FF5F520BECF0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ rosa’ is a reference to the deep pink colour of the eyes in this species.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBAFFACF0A2FF5F520BECF0.taxon	description	Description. Based on holotype female, 19.0 mm, AM P. 68993. Head lateral cephalic lobe subtriangular, apically acute; eyes reinform, bright red. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum forming cap partially covering callynophore, 8 - articulate; primary flagellum with strong 2 - field callynophore, long robust seta present on article 1; calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 3 short; articles 3 to 5 not enlarged, with very weak brush setae; flagellum short, calceoli absent. Labrum, epistome and upper lip separate; epistome less produced than upper lip, straight; upper lip produced, subacute apically. Mandible molar with reduced column and convex fully triturating surface; palp attached distally, article 3 with 1 proximal A 3 - setae. Maxilla 1 outer plate setal-tooth 7 present, cuspidate distally; palp distal margin with apical robust setae. Maxilliped outer plate with 4 slender apical robust setae. Pereonites 1 – 7 dorsally smooth. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa small, reduced, significantly shorter than coxa 2, subquadrate; basis moderately setose along anterior margin; carpus long, longer than propodus, without posterior lobe; propodus small, margins slightly tapering distally, sparsely setose along posterior margin, palm moderately acute, entire, concave. Gnathopod 2 subchelate, propodus palm transverse. Pereopod 5 basis longer than broad, not posteroproximally excavate, posterior margin weakly serrate. Pereopod 7 basis posterodistally produced, not reaching merus. Pleonite 3 without mid-dorsal carina, not produced dorsodistally, posterodorsal margin not produced. Epimeron 3 posterior margin smooth, posteroventral corner acutely produced forming weak spine. Urosomite 1 not projecting over urosomite 2, dorsally straight. Uropod 2 inner ramus with constriction. Uropod 3 inner and outer rami well developed, outer ramus article 2 long, without plumose setae on rami. Telson moderately to deeply cleft, with 2 – 3 dorsal robust setae per lobe and 1 apical robust setae on each lobe. Sexually dimorphic characters. Based on paratype, male, 21.5 mm, AM P. 68995. Antenna 1 and 2 with calceoli, antenna 2 peduncle article 4 slightly swollen, articles 4 and 5 with brush setae. Uropod 3 rami with plumose setae.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBAFFACF0A2FF5F520BECF0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. In contrast to the female holotype, which has only very weak brush setae on the peduncle of antenna 2 and a complete absence of plumose setae on uropod 3, a very large female (AM P. 68991) from off Wollongong has well-developed brush setae and some sparse plumose setae on the rami of uropod 3, suggesting that these characters only develop in more mature females. Schisturella rosa sp. nov. appears to be morphologically most similar to Schisturella cocula. These species may be separated by the second gnathopod, which is subchelate with a transverse palm in S. rosa but minutely chelate with a distinctly obtuse palm in S. cocula. Depth range. 896 – 1312 m (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFBAFFACF0A2FF5F520BECF0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tasman Sea. Continental slope of east Australia from Coffs Harbour, New South Wales to South East Cape, Tasmania (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFACF0A2FEEF54B7EE7F.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Off Point Conception, California, USA (34 ° 47.18 ’ N 123 ° 04.18 ’ W), 4050 m. Habitat. Not recorded. Depth range. 4050 m (Hendrycks & Conlan 2003).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFACF0A2FEEF54B7EE7F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Eastern Pacific Ocean. Off central California (Hendrycks & Conlan 2003).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFACF0A2FD6A530FE9D3.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Thrombasia tracalero J. L. Barnard, 1966, original designation.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFACF0A2FD6A530FE9D3.taxon	discussion	Included species. Thrombasia includes six species: T. evalina sp. nov.; T. grabenis J. L. Barnard, 1967; T. rotundata (K. H. Barnard, 1926); T. saros sp. nov.; T. tracalero J. L. Barnard, 1966; T. umina sp. nov.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFACF0A2FD6A530FE9D3.taxon	description	Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 lacking robust seta on distal margin; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum articles 3 – 5 slender in female, article 3 enlarged in male; articles 3 – 5 with brush setae on the anterior margin. Mandibular incisor curved; molar a reduced column with convex triturating surface or proximally setose and distally triturating; palp attached midway. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 serrate along the distomedial medial margin; ST-D slender, apically cuspidate. Maxilliped outer plate apical robust setae present. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa slightly to greatly shorter than coxa 2, tapering distally; carpus slightly longer than propodus; propodus palm acute, straight. Pereopod 4 coxa with well developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami plumose setae absent in female, present occasionally in adult male. Telson moderately cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFACF0A2FD6A530FE9D3.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The genus Thrombasia was established by Barnard (1966) for T. tracalero, and was subsequently placed in the synonymy of Schisturella by Barnard & Karaman (1991). However, we consider Thrombasia to be distinct from Schisturella based on the gnathopod 1 coxa, which is tapering and slightly reduced, not vestigial as in Schisturella. There are four other genera in the Tryphosa group with a gnathopod 1 coxa that is not vestigial. Of these, Thrombasia may be separated from Gronella by the gnathopod 1 carpus, which is longer than the propodus, from Tryphosa and Bruunosa in the tapering gnathopod 1 coxa, and from Glorieusella in the subchelate gnathopod 1.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFACF0A2FD6A530FE9D3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Pacific Ocean, South Atlantic Ocean.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFAFF0A2F98E542CEB4F.taxon	description	(Figs 14 – 16)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFAFF0A2F98E542CEB4F.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Holotype female, 9.8 mm, AM P. 69059, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 37 ’ S 152 ° 04 ’ E to 33 ° 39 ’ S 152 ° 02 ’ E), 896 – 923 m, dredge, 10 December 1980, R. T. Springthorpe, FRV Kapala stn K 80 - 20 - 09. Paratypes: 1 male, 10.2 mm, AM P. 69060; 2 specimens, 8.0 – 8.8 mm, AM P. 69061, same collection details as holotype.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFAFF0A2F98E542CEB4F.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined. 2 specimens, AM P. 69062, from north-east of Port Jackson, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 41 ' S 152 ° 00 ' E to 33 ° 44 ’ S 151 ° 57 ’ E), 820 – 888 m, beam trawl, 11 February 1986, R. T. Springthorpe, FRV Kapala stn K 86 - 01 - 07; 1 specimen, AM P. 69058, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 31 ’ S 152 ° 08 ’ E to 33 ° 33 ’ S 152 ° 07 ’ E), 914 m, 2.5 m sled dredge, 10 December 1980, R. T. Springthorpe, FRV Kapala stn K 80 - 20 - 08. Type locality. Australia, New South Wales, east of Broken Bay (33 ° 37 ' S 152 ° 04 ' E), 896 – 923 m.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFAFF0A2F98E542CEB4F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named for schooner Evalina lost in 1871 on route between Sydney and Port Stephens; used as a noun in apposition.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFAFF0A2F98E542CEB4F.taxon	description	Description. Based on holotype, female, 9.8 mm, AM P. 69059. Head lateral cephalic lobe subtriangular, apically subacute. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum forming cap partially covering callynophore; primary flagellum with strong 2 - field callynophore, robust setae absent from proximal articles; calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular articles 3 – 5 not enlarged, articles 4 – 5 with weak brush setae on anterior margin; calceoli absent. peduncular articles 3 – 5 enlarged, article 4 slightly enlarged; articles 4 and 5 with weak brush setae; flagellum long, calceoli present. Labrum, epistome and upper lip separate; epistome less produced than upper lip, straight; upper lip produced, strongly rounded apically. Mandible molar columnar, with oval fully triturating surface. Maxilla 1 outer plate setaltooth 7 cuspidate distally; palp distal margin with apical robust setae. Maxilliped outer plate with one slender and one broad apical robust setae. Pereonites 1 – 7 dorsally smooth. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa reduced, significantly shorter than coxa 2 (~ 50 %), tapering distally; basis densely setose along anterior margin; carpus long, longer than propodus, without posterior lobe; propodus small, margins subparallel, sparsely setose along posterior margin, palm moderately acute, entire, straight. Gnathopod 2 propodus palm transverse, slightly convex. Pereopod 5 basis longer than broad, not posteroproximally excavate, posterior margin not serrate. Pereopod 7 basis posterodistally produced less than halfway along merus. Pleonite 3 without mid-dorsal carina, not produced dorsodistally. Epimeron 3 posterior margin smooth, posteroventral corner broadly rounded. Urosomite 1 not projecting over urosomite 2. Uropod 2 inner ramus with constriction. Uropod 3 stout; inner and outer rami well developed, outer ramus article 2 short, without plumose setae. Telson moderately cleft, with 3 dorsal robust setae per lobe and 1 apical robust setae on each lobe. Sexually dimorphic characters. Based on paratype, male, 10.2 mm, AM P. 69060. Antenna 1 calceoli present. Antenna 2 peduncular article 3 enlarged, article 4 slightly enlarged; articles 4 and 5 with weak brush setae; flagellum long, calceoli present. Uropod 3 rami with dense plumose setae. Habitat. Not recorded. Depth range. 820 – 923 m (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFAFF0A2F98E542CEB4F.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Thrombasia evalina appears to be quite similar to T. rotundata (K. H. Barnard). Although that species is poorly described, it shares a number of characters in common with T. evalina, notably the shortened and strongly tapering gnathopod 1 coxa and the distinctly subchelate gnathopod 2. However, the epimeron 3 posteroventral corner of T. evalina is much more broadly rounded than that of T. rotundata and the gnathopod 1 palm is straight in T. evalina but slightly convex in T. rotundata.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB6FFAFF0A2F98E542CEB4F.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tasman Sea. Coast of New South Wales, Australia (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FF5F54F3EE37.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Holotype, female, 5.0 mm, LACM CR 1960 - 78.8 (originally AHF 6021).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FF5F54F3EE37.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Station 7229 (27 ° 54 ' 25 " N 115 ° 40 ' 00 " W), 1720 – 1748 m depth.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FF5F54F3EE37.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat. Marine, hard (stony) to soft (clay) bottoms.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FF5F54F3EE37.taxon	description	Depth range. 1720 – 1748 m (J. L. Barnard 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FF5F54F3EE37.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The subchelate gnathopod 1 with the slightly tapering, non-vestigial coxa, and carpus longer than propodus places this species in Thrombasia.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FF5F54F3EE37.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Eastern Pacific Ocean. Southwest of Cedros Island, Mexico (J. L. Barnard 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FDA250DAE8AB.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Syntypes, 12 specimens, SAM A 2813, SAM A 4545, SAM A 5910. Type locality. 36 miles east to north-east of Cape Point, South Africa, 650 – 800 fathoms [1189 – 1463 m].	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FDA250DAE8AB.taxon	description	Depth range. 1189 – 4050 m (K. H. Barnard 1926, J. L. Barnard 1962).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FDA250DAE8AB.taxon	discussion	Remarks. This species is poorly known, however in the original description of the species K. H. Barnard (1926) specified “ side-plate 1 subtriangular, inferior angle sub-acute … first gnathopod, 6 th joint a little shorter than the 5 th ”. Furthermore, J. L. Barnard (1962) illustrated the gnathopod 1 coxa as being only slightly shorter than the coxa of gnathopod 2 (vestigial in Schisturella). This combination of characters indicate that this species is more properly placed in Thrombasia.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA8F0A2FDA250DAE8AB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South Atlantic Ocean. Cape Point, South Africa (K. H. Barnard 1926); Cape Basin (J. L. Barnard 1962).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA9F0A2FB2653FAEAA7.taxon	description	(Figs 17 – 19) Types. Holotype, female, 13.5 mm, NMV J 46814, from 76 km south of Point Hicks, Victoria, Australia (38 ° 29.33 ' S 149 ° 19.98 ' E), 1840 m, sandy mud, fine shell, WHOI epibenthic sled, coll. G. C. B. Poore et al, RV Franklin, 26 October 1988. Paratypes, 4 specimens (1 damaged), 5.1 – 10.0 mm, NMV J 16318, same collection details as holotype.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA9F0A2FB2653FAEAA7.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. South of Point Hicks, Victoria, Australia (38 ° 29.33 ' S 149 ° 19.98 ' E), 1840 m depth.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA9F0A2FB2653FAEAA7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named for the SS Saros, the wreck of a steamship visible on the rocks at Point Hicks, Victoria; used as a noun in apposition.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA9F0A2FB2653FAEAA7.taxon	description	Description. Based on holotype, female, 13.5 mm. Head lateral cephalic lobe subtriangular, apically subacute; eyes apparently absent. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum forming cap partially covering callynophore, 5 - articulate; primary flagellum with strong 2 - field callynophore; calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 3 short; articles 3 to 5 not enlarged, with brush setae on articles 4 and 5; flagellum short, calceoli absent. Labrum, epistome and upper lip separate; epistome less produced than upper lip, very slightly concave; upper lip produced, rounded apically. Mandible molar columnar, with oval fully triturating surface; palp attached distally, article 3 with 1 proximal A 3 - seta. Maxilla 1 outer plate setal-tooth 7 present, left and right symmetrical, cuspidate distally; palp distal margin with apical robust setae. Maxilliped outer plate with 4 long, broad apical robust setae and 2 long, slender apical robust setae. Pereonites 1 – 7 dorsally smooth. Gnathopod 1 weakly subchelate; coxa large, about as long as coxa 2, slightly tapering distally; basis densely setose along anterior margin; ischium short; carpus long, longer than propodus, without posterior lobe; propodus small, margins tapering distally, sparsely setose along posterior margin, palm slightly acute, entire, straight. Gnathopod 2 propodus palm transverse. Pereopod 4 coxa with a welldeveloped posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 basis slightly longer than broad, not posteroproximally excavate, posterior margin not serrate. Pereopod 7 basis posterodistally produced not reaching merus. Pleonite 3 without mid-dorsal carina, not produced dorsodistally, posterodorsal margin not produced. Epimeron 1 anterodistal corner produced, forming small upturned spine. Epimeron 3 posterior margin smooth, posteroventral corner rounded. Urosomite 1 not projecting over urosomite 2, dorsally straight. Uropod 2 inner ramus with strong constriction. Uropod 3 inner and outer rami well developed, outer ramus article 2 short, without plumose setae on rami. Telson m oderately cleft, with 2 dorsal robust setae per lobe and 1 apical robust setae on each lobe. Sexually dimorphic characters. Unknown. Habitat. Sandy mud and fine shell. Depth range. 1840 m (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA9F0A2FB2653FAEAA7.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Based on the rounded posteroventral corner of epimeron 3, this species is most similar to Thrombasia rotundata and T. evalina. It is easily distinguished from these species by its longer and more weakly tapered gnathopod 1 coxa, by the propodus which is distinctly narrower than the carpus, and by the poorly defined palm.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB2FFA9F0A2FB2653FAEAA7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bass Strait. Off the coast of Victoria, Australia (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB3FF95F0A2F9125523EE18.taxon	description	(Fig. 20)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB3FF95F0A2F9125523EE18.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Holotype, male, 4.5 mm, LACM CR 1954 - 054.1 (originally AHF 2789).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB3FF95F0A2F9125523EE18.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Slope of Santa Monica Basin (33 º 49 ' 59 " N 118 º 34 ' 05 " W), 167 m.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB3FF95F0A2F9125523EE18.taxon	discussion	Feeding strategy. Scavenger (from a hagfish trap) (J. L. Barnard 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB3FF95F0A2F9125523EE18.taxon	description	Depth range. 167 – 183 m (J. L. Barnard 1966, 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB3FF95F0A2F9125523EE18.taxon	discussion	Remarks. We consider Schisturella totorami to be a junior subjective synonym of Thrombasia tracalero. Both species share the same general type locality (Santa Monica Bay (167 – 183 m )). The only apparent difference noted from the original descriptions is that the uropod 3 rami of Schisturella totorami are strongly lined with plumose setae, whereas that of the holotype of T. tracalero is not. However, the T. tracalero holotype is probably an immature specimen. The mandibular molar of Thrombasia tracalero is asymmetrical, proximally setose and distally triturating and thus differs from all other members of the genus that have a columnar molar with oval fully triturating surface.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFFB3FF95F0A2F9125523EE18.taxon	distribution	Distribution. East Pacific Ocean. Santa Monica Basin, California, USA (J. L. Barnard 1966, 1967).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	description	(Figs 21, 22)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	materials_examined	Types. Holotype, female, 8.6 mm, AM P. 69048, east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 37.2 ’ S 152 ° 04.2 ’ E to 33 ° 39.0 ’ S 152 ° 01.8 ’ E), 896 – 923 m, dredge, 10 December 1980, R. T. Springthorpe, FRV Kapala stn K 80 - 20 - 09. Paratypes: 2 specimens, 9.0 – 9.5 mm, AM P. 69049, same collection details as holotype; 5 specimens, 6.0 – 9.7 mm, AM P. 69050, from east of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 30.0 ’ S 152 ° 12.0 ’ E to 33 ° 33.0 ’ S 152 ° 09.0 ’ E), 1053 – 1066 m, beam trawl, 12 February 1986, R. T. Springthorpe, FRV Kapala stn K 86 - 01 - 10.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	materials_examined	Additional material examined: 3 specimens, AM P. 51385, from east of Fortescue Bay, Tasmania, Australia (43 ° 08.96 ’ S 148 ° 15.36 ’ E), 1000 m, baited trap, 8 April 1994 – 9 April 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Martrudan stn TAS- 422; 31 specimens, AM P. 57989, from east of Fortescue Bay, Tasmania, Australia (43 ° 08.96 ’ S 148 ° 15.36 ’ E), 1000 m, baited trap, 8 April 1994 – 9 April 1994, J. K. Lowry & K. Dempsey, MV Martrudan stn TAS- 423.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	materials_examined	Type Locality. East of Broken Bay, New South Wales, Australia (33 ° 37.2 ’ S 152 ° 04.2 ’ E to 33 ° 39.0 ’ S 152 ° 01.8 ’ E), 896 – 923 m.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named for Umina Beach in Broken Bay, near the type locality; used as a noun in apposition.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	description	Description. Based on holotype, female, 8.6 mm, AM P. 69048. Head lateral cephalic lobe subtriangular, apically subacute. Antenna 1 accessory flagellum forming cap partially covering callynophore; primary flagellum with strong 2 - field callynophore, robust setae absent from proximal articles; calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular articles 3 to 5 not enlarged; flagellum short, calceoli absent. Labrum, epistome and upper lip separate; epistome less produced than upper lip, narrowly rounded and concave; upper lip produced, strongly rounded apically. Mandible molar columnar, with oval fully triturating surface. Maxilla 1 outer plate setal-tooth 7 present, cuspidate distally; palp distal margin with apical robust setae. Maxilliped outer plate with one slender and one broad apical robust setae. Pereonites 1 – 7 dorsally smooth. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa reduced, significantly shorter than coxa 2, tapering distally; carpus without posterior lobe; propodus small, margins subparallel, sparsely setose along posterior margin, palm moderately acute, entire, straight. Pereopod 5 basis longer than broad, not posteroproximally excavate, posterior margin not serrate. Pereopod 7 basis posterodistally produced less than halfway along merus. Pleonite 3 without mid-dorsal carina, not produced dorsodistally. Epimeron 3 posterior margin smooth, posteroventral corner forming broad spine. Urosomite 1 not projecting over urosomite 2, dorsally straight. Uropod 2 inner ramus with constriction. Uropod 3 stout; inner and outer rami well developed, without plumose setae, outer ramus article 2 short. Telson moderately cleft, with 2 dorsal robust setae and 1 apical robust setae on each lobe. Sexually dimorphic characters. Based on paratype, male, AM P. 69050. Antenna 2 peduncle article 3 enlarged, article 4 slightly enlarged, articles 4 – 5 with weak brush setae on anterior margin, flagellum long, calceoli absent. Uropod 3 rami without plumose setae. Habitat. None recorded. Feeding strategy. Scavenger (from baited trap) (this study). Depth range. 896 – 1066 m (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The only male of this species available for study does not have calceoli on either antenna and does not appear to have plumose setae on the rami of uropod 3. However, it may still be an immature specimen that has not yet developed these characters. Thrombasia umina shares a type locality and partial distribution with T. evalina, and is morphologically similar to that species. However, T. umina has an upturned spine on the posteroventral corner of epimeron 3, which is lacking in T. evalina. Two other species of Thrombasia have a spine on epimeron 3, T. grabenis and T. tracalero. Both of those species have a longer gnathopod 1 coxa that is more weakly tapered and so are quite distinct from the T. umina.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8FFF97F0A2FD57518AED38.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tasman Sea. East coast of Australia from Broken Bay, New South Wales to Fortescue Bay, Tasmania (this study).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8DFF90F0A2F9C953B3ED88.taxon	type_taxon	Type species. Anonyx nanus Krøyer, 1846 a, by monotypy. Included species. Tryphosa includes two species: T. crenata (Chevreux & Fage, 1925); T. nana (Krøyer, 1846 a). Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 flagellum article 1 lacking robust seta on distal margin; accessory flagellum forming cap. Antenna 2 flagellum article 5 slender (with dense brush setae on the anterior margin). Mandibular incisor slightly curved; molar a reduced column with convex triturating surface (button); palp attached midway. Maxilla 1 ST- 7 serrate along most of curved medial margin; ST-D slender, serrate along the entire curved medial margin. Maxilliped outer plate apical setae present. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; coxa large, nearly as long as coxa 2, not tapering; carpus slightly shorter than propodus; propodus palm slightly acute, straight. Pereopod 4 coxa with well developed posteroventral lobe. Uropod 2 inner ramus constricted. Uropod 3 rami with plumose setae in male and female; inner ramus broad, lanceolate. Telson deeply cleft.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8DFF90F0A2F9C953B3ED88.taxon	discussion	Remarks. See d’Udekem d’Acoz & Havermans (2012) for a comprehensive summary of the historical taxonomic and nomenclatural treatment of Tryphosa. Tryphosa is easily separated from Orchomenella, with which it has long been associated, by the constricted inner ramus on uropod 2.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8DFF90F0A2F9C953B3ED88.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, Adriatic Sea.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF90F0A2FDC75516E83D.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Villefranche, Mediterranean coast of France, 20 m, mud. Depth range. 15 – 150 m (Kilgallen et al. 2006).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF90F0A2FDC75516E83D.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic coasts of Europe and North Africa: Off Guinea (Reid 1951); Senegal (Kilgallen et al. 2006); Irish Sea (Kilgallen et al. 2006). Mediterranean Sea: Villefranche (Chevreux & Fage 1925); Banyuls-sur- Mer; Gulf of Naples, (Kilgallen et al. 2006); Kotor, Montenegro (Karaman 1973 as Orchomene nana).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	description	(Fig. 23)	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	materials_examined	Types. According to Dr Jørgen Olesen (ZMUC) there are two sets of material (ZMUC CRU- 7476? type and ZMUC CRU- 7487 syntype) which might be considered as original material.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 23 specimens & 1 slide (female, 5.5 mm), SMNH N. Amph. 6904, from Gåsörännan, Sweden, 30 – 40 m; 8 specimens, AM P. 11222, from Plymouth, Devon, United Kingdom (50 ° 24 ' N 4 ° 7 ' W), coll. A. A. Cameron.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	distribution	Type locality. The Kattegat.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	biology_ecology	Habitat. Sand, mud and shelly debris.	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	discussion	Feeding strategies. Often found ‘ stripping bait in lobster pots’ (O’Riordan 1982) on carcasses of dead crabs (Norman 1900, Moore 1984), also in Echinocardium tests (Laverack & Blackler 1974).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	description	Depth range. 0 – 250 m (Lincoln 1979).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
03DE241FFF8AFF92F0A2FBAB51B2EFC5.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Tryphosa nana is widely recorded and locally very common along the Atlantic coasts of Europe and the North Sea, from Sweden and southern Norway to Spain (Chevreux & Fage 1925); also reported from Senegal (Schellenberg 1925) and Guinea (Reid 1951). It is also recorded from the Adriatic Sea (Heller 1866, Karaman 1973), Aegean Sea (Bellan-Santini 1985, Christodoulou et al. 2013) and Mediterranean Sea (Bellan- Santini & Ledoyer 1973).	en	Kilgallen, N. M., Lowry, J. K. (2014): The Tryphosa group (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea: Lysianassidae: Tryphosinae). Zootaxa 3768 (5): 501-545, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3768.5.1
