identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
B9771C5A604655E2A6F993D68259115F.text	B9771C5A604655E2A6F993D68259115F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium alevillalobosi nom. nov. 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Macrobrachium alevillalobosi nom. nov. comb. nov.</p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Bithynops) villalobosi Villalobos Hiriat, Nates  Rodríguez and  Cantú Díaz Barriga, 1989: 166, figs 1-5, 7b, d, 8c. - Villalobos-Hiriart et al. 1993: 281, table 5 (list). - De Grave and Fransen 2011: 316 (catalog). -  Álvarez et al. 2011: 258, fig. 2a. -  Quiroz-Martínez et al. 2014: table S1 (list). - Alvarez and Villalobos 2016: 250, table 8.1 (list). </p>
            <p> Cryphiops villalobosi . - Baldari et al. 2010: 48, fig. 1 (map), 52, table 1. - Botello and  Álvarez 2013: 776, table 1 (list). - Mantelatto et al. 2020: 916 (key). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Holotype: Mexico - Chiapas • male, tl 51.8 mm; Municipality of Ocosingo, km 140 carretera Palenque-Ocosingo, ca. 5 km NW of the town of  Ocosingo ,  Arroyo La Laja , 24 Jan. 1985, J.L. Villalobos, J.C. Nates, A.  Cantú leg.; CNCR 3650  .  Paratypes: 1 female, tl 42.7 mm, allotype; same data as for holotype; CNCR 3650 • 16 males, tl 44.3-57.0 mm, 7 females, 26.2 to 46.0 mm, 2 ovigerous females, 38.1, 42.7 mm; same date as for holotype; CNCR 3650a. </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p> Mexico - Chiapas • 9 males, tl 25.0- 45.8 mm ,   30 females, 36.8-39.2 mm; Municipality of Ocosingo, km 140 carretera Palenque-Ocosingo, ca. 5 km NW of the town of  Ocosingo ,  Arroyo La Laja ; 07 Aug 1983; J.L. Villalobos, J.C. Nates, A.  Cantú leg.; CNCR 2940  • 16 males, tl 24.3-54.5 mm,   23 females, tl 17.1-27.4 mm; Municipality of  Yajalón , carretera Palenque-Ocosingo,  
Arroyo 
Yajalon ; 07 Aug. 1983; J.L. Villalobos, J.C. Nates, A.  Cantú ; CNCR 2941  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Rostrum. Short, straight, reaching slightly beyond first third of third article of antennular peduncle; upper margin with 6-9 regularly spaced teeth, first one behind posterior edge of orbit; lower margin with 1-3 teeth.</p>
            <p> Cephalon. Scaphocerite nearly 2.6  × as long as wide, outer margin straight. </p>
            <p>Carapace. Smooth; antennal spine small, slightly overreaching lower portion of orbit; hepatic spine absent. Lower orbital angle obtuse, moderately pronounced.</p>
            <p> Pereiopods . P1: slender, reaching with distal third of carpus beyond scaphocerite; carpus slightly longer than merus; chelae 0.68 length of carpus. P2: moderately robust, with small spines, equal in form and size, reaching with distal third of merus beyond scaphocerite; ischium 0.75 length of merus; merus as long as carpus; carpus as long as palm, with slight basal constriction; propodus 2.5  × as long as dactylus, and 1.6  × as long as carpus; palm compressed, nearly 5  × as long as high; fingers 0.62 length of palm, with numerous spinules, not gapping, tips crossing, cutting edge with 3-6 teeth on proximal third in both fingers. P3-P5 with all joints covered with rows of small spinules. P3 reaching with entire dactylus beyond scaphocerite, propodus 2.5  × as long as dactylus, propodus nearly 2  × as long as carpus, propodus slightly longer than merus. P4 reaching with entire dactylus beyond scaphocerite, propodus 3  × as long as dactylus, nearly 2  × as long as carpus, propodus slightly longer than merus. P5 reaching with half-length of dactylus end of scaphocerite, propodus 3  × as long as dactylus, propodus nearly 2  × as long as carpus, propodus slightly longer than merus. </p>
            <p> Pleon. Smooth; somite 5 with posteroventral angle of pleuron acute; abdominal somite merely 2  × as long as somite 5. Inter-uropodal sclerite without keel-shaped pre-anal carinae. </p>
            <p> Pleopods. PL2 with appendix masculina less than 2  × length of appendix interna. </p>
            <p>Uropods. Exopodite with mobile spines as long as spiniform projection of outer margin.</p>
            <p>Telson. Broad, smooth, slightly longer than abdominal somite 6, bearing two pairs of dorsal spinules close to posterior margin. Posterior margin ending in moderately acute triangular point; two pairs of posterior spinules with several plumose setae, inner pair overreaching distal margin of telson.</p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>Villalobos Hiriart et al. (1989) dedicated this species to Dr. Alejandro Villalobos Figueroa, eminent Mexican carcinologist and founder of the CNCR. We maintain this homage by just adding the first part of his name to the specific epithet.</p>
            <p>Size.</p>
            <p>See in material examined.</p>
            <p>Color.</p>
            <p>Body translucid with orange punctuations.</p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p> México , Chiapas, Municipality of Ocosingo, Arroyo La Laja, km 140 carretera Palenque-Ocosingo, ca. 5 km NW of the town of Ocosingo. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Mexico, Chiapas, in the Valle de Ocosingo,  Río La Virgen, Arroyos La Laja, Maravilla,  Pasilá , and  Yajalón (Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989). </p>
            <p>Life cycle.</p>
            <p> Exclusive of inland waters, therefore independent of brackish waters to complete its life cycle. The eggs are few and large: 1.3-2.4 mm (Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989). Its larval development is not known but given the characteristics of the eggs, it should be abbreviated, following the same pattern of congeners inhabiting continental waters (  Magalhães and Walker 1988; Pereira and  García 1995). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> The name  Macrobrachium villalobosi was used by Hobbs Jr. (1973) for a new species from Mexico. Villalobos et al. (1989) used the same name for a new species of  Cryphiops (Bithynops) also from Mexico. Since the synonymization of both genera makes these specific names secondary homonyms,  Macrobrachium alevillalobosi is proposed as a replacement name for  Cryphiops (Bithynops) villalobosi Villalobos Hiriat, Nates  Rodríguez &amp;  Cantú Díaz Barriga, 1989. </p>
            <p> Macrobrachium alevillalobosi nom. nov., comb. nov. differs from  M. candango nom. nov. and  M. perspicax comb. nov. mainly in the form, size, and proportion of the articles of the second pereiopod (Table 2). The chelipeds are long and similar in size and shape, overreaching the scaphocerite with distal third of the merus; the ischium is shorter than merus; the palm is long and cylindrical, almost five times as long as high, and the dactylus is 0.62 times the length of the palm. Finally,  M. alevillalobosi nom. nov., comb. nov. is the only species of this group in which the appendix masculina is almost as long as the endopod of the second pleopod. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B9771C5A604655E2A6F993D68259115F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mantelatto, Fernando L.;Pileggi, Leonardo G.;Pantaleao, Joao A. F.;Magalhaes, Celio;Villalobos, Jose Luis;Alvarez, Fernando	Mantelatto, Fernando L., Pileggi, Leonardo G., Pantaleao, Joao A. F., Magalhaes, Celio, Villalobos, Jose Luis, Alvarez, Fernando (2021): Multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of American shrimps of the genus Cryphiops Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) implies a proposal for reversal of precedence with Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. ZooKeys 1047: 155-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933
05F2E07B7D9E500A87B25F1F4EDC92CB.text	05F2E07B7D9E500A87B25F1F4EDC92CB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium caementarius (Molina 1782) Mantelatto & Pileggi & Pantaleão & Magalhães & Villalobos & Álvarez 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Macrobrachium caementarius (Molina, 1782) comb. nov.</p>
            <p> Cancer caementarius Cancer caementarius Molina, 1782: 208. </p>
            <p> Palaemon Gaudichaudii H. Milne Edwards, 1837 in H. Milne Edwards 1834-1840: 400. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops spinuloso-manus Dana, 1852: 26. </p>
            <p> Bithynis longimana Philippi, 1860: 164. </p>
            <p> Macrobrachium africanum Spence Bate, 1868: 366, pl. 31, fig. 3. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops caementarius . - Holthuis 1952a: 137, pls. 33-35. - Holthuis 1952b: 74, fig. 17. - Holthuis 1955: 52, fig. 28. - Bahamonde 1957: 7. - Hartmann 1957: 117. - Hartmann 1958: 15, figs 1-5. - Bahamonde 1962: 7. - Del Solar et al. 1970: 19 (catalog). - Chirichigno Fonseca 1970: 16 (list), fig. 28. - Boschi 1977: 7. - Manning and Hobbs Jr. 1977: 158 (list). - Retamal 1977: 4 (table), 5, fig. 4. - Viacava et al. 1978: 161. - Holthuis 1980: 81 (list). -  Méndez 1981: 14 (list), 73 (list), 75 (key), pl. 33 figs 246, 247. - Retamal 1981: 14 (list), fig. 35. -  Rodríguez 1981: 47 (list). -  Pérez Farfante 1982: 375. - Pretzmann 1983: 316. - Wicksten and Hendrickx 1992: 7 (list). - Holthuis 1993: 106, fig. 93. - Pereira 1997: 21, fig. 18C, 47, table 6 (list). - Bahamonde et al. 1998: 93. - Kameya et al. 1998: 90 (list). -  Meléndez and Maldonado 1999: 125, 130. - Jayachandran 2001: 24. - Retamal and Jara 2002: 195, 204 (list). -  Zuñiga Romero 2002: 21, 1 fig. - Wicksten and Hendrickx 2003: 60 (list). - Jara et al. 2006: 42, table I, 43, table II, 46, table IV. - Meruane et al. 2006: 285, fig. 1. -  Báez and  López 2010: 244. - Retamal and Moyano 2010: 307, table 1. - Pileggi and Mantelatto 2010: 197, table 1. -  Ríos-Escalante et al. 2013: 850, table 1. - Rossi and Mantelatto 2013: 3, table 1 (list). - Morales and Meruane 2013: 1441, figs 1, 3-5. - Moscoso 2014: 12 (list), 44. - De Grave et al. 2015a: 5, table 1. -  Zacarías Ríos and  Yépez Pinillos 2015: 398, fig. 1. - Wasiw G.,  Yépez P. 2015: 166, fig. 2D. - Mantelatto et al. 2020: 915 (key). -  Velásquez et al. 2020: 1062. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops spinolosomanus . - Maccagno and Cucchiari 1957: 213. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Cryphiops) caementarius . - Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989: 162. - De Grave and Fransen 2011: 316 (catalog), fig. 36. - Ashelby et al. 2012: 295, table 1 (list). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Chile - Coquimbo • 2 males, cl 28.2, cl 36.4 mm;  rio
Limari
 , Jul. 2006; C. Gaymer leg.; CCDB 1870  •   2 males, cl 30.3, cl 86.5 mm; Limari,  rio
Puente
 ; 19 Oct. 2007; L.G. Pileggi, E.C. Mossolin leg.; CCDB 2146  • 2 males, cl 5.4, cl 5.7 mm, 4 females, cl 5.6 to 10.1 mm, 2 ovigerous females, cl 14.9, cl 16.8 mm,   8 juveniles, cl 3.4 to 4.8 mm; La Serena, Playa el  Faro ,  Avenida de Mar ; 18 Oct. 2007; F.L. Mantelatto, L.G. Pileggi, E.C. Mossolin; CCDB 2327  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Rostrum. Straight, short, nearly reaching first article of antennular peduncle; upper margin with 6-8 teeth, regularly spaced, one and/or two behind posterior margin of orbit; lower margin with 0-4 teeth.</p>
            <p> Cephalon. Scaphocerite 2  × as long as wide; outer margin convex proximally. </p>
            <p>Carapace. Smooth, with strong, acute antennal spine; hepatic spine absent. Lower orbital angle obtuse, moderately pronounced.</p>
            <p> Pereiopods . P1 slender, reaching with most of carpus beyond scaphocerite; fingers slightly longer than palm; carpus slightly shorter than chelae; ischium and merus distinctly spinulated; carpus and chelae smooth. P2 strong, with many spines, strong heterochely; largest cheliped reaching with half-length of merus beyond scaphocerite; ischium larger than half-length of merus; merus longer than carpus; carpus short, slightly shorter than half length of palm, with strong basal constriction; propodus 2.1  × as long as dactylus, 3.3  × as long as carpus; palm slightly inflated, more than 2.3  × as long as high; fingers shorter than palm, with numerous small spinules, cutting edges with 4-7 denticles of equal size. P3-P5 smooth, except for sparse setae and spinules along lower margin of propodus; propodus nearly 2  × as long as carpus; propodus slightly shorter than merus; P3 reaching with half-length of dactylus beyond scaphocerite, propodus 2  × as long as dactylus; P4 reaching with tip of dactylus end of scaphocerite, propodus 1.5  × as long as dactylus; P5 reaching with tip of dactylus half-length of scaphocerite, propodus 1.5  × as long as dactylus. </p>
            <p>Pleon. Smooth. Somite 5 with posteroventral angle of pleuron acute; somite 6 slightly longer than somite 5. Inter-uropodal sclerite with strong, keel-shaped pre-anal carinae.</p>
            <p> Pleopods. PL2 with appendix masculina 2  × as long as appendix interna. </p>
            <p>Uropods. Exopodite with mobile spines slightly longer than spiniform projection of outer margin.</p>
            <p> Telson. Broad, smooth; 1.5  × as long as abdominal somite 6, bearing 2 pairs of dorsal spinules, first pair located in middle of telson, second pair located  ¾ of length of telson. Posterior margin rounded, ending in truncated tip, with several plumose setae and two pairs of posterior spinules, inner pair not reaching end of telson. </p>
            <p>Size.</p>
            <p>See in material examined.</p>
            <p>Color.</p>
            <p>Yellowish green with light brown spots dorsally. P2 with reddish joints and greenish blue color.</p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p>Chile.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Pacific coastal river basins from  Perú and Chile (Holthuis 1952a, b; Jara et al. 2006; Morales and Meruane 2013). </p>
            <p>Life cycle.</p>
            <p> Exclusive of coastal waters, dependent of brackish waters to complete its life cycle. The eggs are numerous and small: 0.43-0.62 mm of major diameter (Norambuena 1977;  Yávar and  Dupré 2007;  Bazán et al. 2009). The larval development is long, with many free-swimming larval stages (Morales et al. 2006), following the usual pattern of coastal palaemonid species. </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> For the heterochelia, the robustness and strong shape, as well as the ornamentation of the second pereiopod,  M. caementarius comb. nov. is comparable with  M. hancocki Holthuis, 1950, and  M. occidentale Holthuis, 1950 from the Pacific slope. The species is morphologically similar to  M. heterochirus (Wiegmann, 1836) from the Atlantic slope, particularly concerning the shape of the rostrum, carapace, and telson. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/05F2E07B7D9E500A87B25F1F4EDC92CB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mantelatto, Fernando L.;Pileggi, Leonardo G.;Pantaleao, Joao A. F.;Magalhaes, Celio;Villalobos, Jose Luis;Alvarez, Fernando	Mantelatto, Fernando L., Pileggi, Leonardo G., Pantaleao, Joao A. F., Magalhaes, Celio, Villalobos, Jose Luis, Alvarez, Fernando (2021): Multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of American shrimps of the genus Cryphiops Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) implies a proposal for reversal of precedence with Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. ZooKeys 1047: 155-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933
F55D7A704C735A8AA5BFCA002EE520C9.text	F55D7A704C735A8AA5BFCA002EE520C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium candango nom. nov. 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Macrobrachium candango nom. nov. comb. nov.</p>
            <p> Cryphiops brasiliensis Gomes  Corrêa , 1973: 169, figs 1-26. -  Rodríguez 1981: 47 (in list). - Coelho and Ramos-Porto 1985: 407, 409 (table II). - Ramos-Porto and Coelho 1990: 98. - Pereira 1997: 21, fig. 18B, 47, table 6 (in list). - Ramos-Porto and Coelho 1999: 330 (catal.). - Melo 2003: 332, figs 180, 181. - Pileggi and Mantelatto 2010: 197 (table 1). - Mantelatto et al. 2016: 261 (in list). - Mantelatto et al. 2020: 915 (in key), fig. 23.102C. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Bithynops) brasiliensis . - Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989: 164, fig. 6b, d. - De Grave and Fransen 2011: 316 (catal.). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Holotype: Brazil - Distrito Federal • male, cl 18.2 mm;  Brasília , riacho da  
Granja do 
Ipe ; 13 Sep. 1966;  Emílio Varolli (SUDEPE) leg.; M.M.G.  Corrêa det.; MNRJ 903. </p>
            <p>Additional material examined.</p>
            <p>  Brazil - Distrito Federal • 1 ovigerous female, cl 15.6 mm, [allotype]:  Brasília , riacho da Granja do  Ipê ; 13 Sep. 1966; Emilio Varolli (SUDEPE) leg.; M.M.G.  Corrêa det.; MNRJ 6464 • 1 male, cl 17.93 mm, 2 females, cl 15.3, cl 15.3 mm;  Brasília , riacho da  
Granja do 
Ipe ; 23 Feb. 1972; M.M.G.  Corrêa leg.; MNRJ 2668 • 1 male, cl 14 mm, 2 females, cl 12.6, cl 13.8 mm;  Brasília ,  córrego Taquara, Reserva  Ecológica do IBGE (  Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e  Estatística ); 05 Aug. 2014, F.L. Mantelatto, L.G. Pileggi, F.L. Carvalho leg.; CCDB 5894 • 2 males, cl 22.9, cl 23.9 mm;  Brasília ,  córrego Onça , upper   Paraná River basin; 18 Aug. 1988; E.C. Lopes leg.; CCDB 5895 • 2 males, cl 21.7, cl 24.4 mm;  Brasília ,  córrego Taquara,  Onça , upper   Paraná River basin; 18 Aug. 1988; E.C. Lopes leg.; CCDB 5896 • 2 females, cl 13.8, cl 14 mm, 5 juveniles, cl 4.4 to 6.2 mm;  Brasília , riacho da Granja do  Ipê ,  rio Roncador , Reserva  Ecológica do IBGE (  Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e  Estatística ); 05 Aug. 2014, F.L. Mantelatto, L.G. Pileggi, F.L. Carvalho leg.; CCDB 5897 • 2 males, cl 9.49, cl 10.23 mm, 2 females, cl 11.34, cl 11.70 mm, 4 juveniles, cl 4.55 to 6.30 mm;  Brasília , riacho da  
Granja do 
Ipe , 22 Feb. 2008, F.L. Mantelatto, E.C. Mossolin leg.; CCDB 2195  . </p>
            <p>Description of the holotype.</p>
            <p>Rostrum. Moderately high, nearly straight, distal end slightly directed upwards, reaching end of antennular peduncle, and little before the distal margin of scaphocerite; upper margin convex over orbit, with seven teeth, first and sometimes the second, slightly behind posterior edge of orbit; lower margin with one tooth.</p>
            <p> Cephalon. Scaphocerite 2.5  × as long as wide; outer margin slightly concave. Epistome forming two lobes; lobes with laterally arranged carinae. </p>
            <p>Carapace. Anterolateral region slightly roughened; hepatic spine absent. Lower orbital angle obtuse, strongly pronounced.</p>
            <p> Pereiopods . P1 reaching with almost half length of carpus beyond scaphocerite; fingers as long as palm; carpus 1.5  × as long as chelae, 1.5  × as long as merus; articles with scattered setae, fingers with tufts of setae. P2 similar in shape, different in size; largest one reaching with distal portion of merus beyond scaphocerite; smallest one reaching with distal end of carpus beyond scaphocerite, with fingers as long as palm; all articles with sparse setae and spines. Larger cheliped with ischium nearly as long as merus, with spinulation as in palm; merus as long as carpus, swollen, with spinulation as in palm; carpus slightly shorter than palm, swollen, with strong basal constriction; spinulation as in palm; propodus 2.5  × as long as dactylus, 2  × as long as carpus; palm with upper surface slightly compressed, somewhat swollen, covered with spinules, nearly 3  × as long as high; fingers 2/3 as long as palm, with numerous spinules; cutting edge of dactylus with large tooth in proximal third, slightly lower tooth in between large tooth and proximal part; cutting edge of fixed finger with tooth opposing two teeth of dactylus, with row of three denticles between proximal part and this tooth. P3-P5 smooth, except for sparse setae and spinules along lower margin of propodus; propodus nearly 2  × as long as carpus; propodus slightly shorter than merus; P3 reaching with half-length of dactylus beyond scaphocerite, propodus 2  × as long as dactylus; P4 reaching with tip of dactylus end of scaphocerite, propodus 2.5  × as long as dactylus; P5 reaching with tip of dactylus half-length of scaphocerite, propodus 2.5  × as long as dactylus. </p>
            <p> Pleon. Smooth. Somite 5 with posteroventral angle of pleuron rectangular, not spinose; somite 6 1.5  × as long as somite 5. Inter-uropodal sclerite with strong, keel-shaped pre-anal carinae. </p>
            <p> Pleopods. PL2 with appendix masculina 2  × as long as appendix interna. </p>
            <p>Uropods. Exopodite with mobile spines slightly shorter than spiniform projection of outer margin.</p>
            <p> Telson. Broad, smooth, 1.5  × as long as abdominal somite 6, bearing two pairs of dorsal spinules, first pair slightly behind middle portion of telson, second pair located closer to first pair than to posterior margin. Posterior margin distinct, ending in acute point, with several plumose setae and two pairs of posterior spinules, inner pair reaching end of telson. </p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p> The specific epithet  Cryphiops brasiliensis was used by Gomes  Corrêa (1973) to refer to the type locality of the species,  Brasília , the capital of Brazil. To keep that intention, we rename the species using the word  Macrobrachium candango , a demonym referring to those who are native to  Brasília . </p>
            <p>Size.</p>
            <p>See in material examined.</p>
            <p>Color.</p>
            <p>From colorless to light brown, with dark brown carapace, mimicking the color of the substrate where they inhabit.</p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p> Brazil, Distrito Federal,  Brasília , Riacho da Granja do  Ipê . </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p> Endemic of inland waters from Central Brazil (Distrito Federal) (Gomes  Corrêa 1973; present paper). </p>
            <p>Life cycle.</p>
            <p> Exclusive of inland waters, therefore independent of brackish waters to complete its life cycle. The fecundity is low, 38-61 eggs, and the eggs are large, their volume ranged from 4.41 to 7.71 mm3 (Nogueira et al. under revision). Its larval development is not known but given its fecundity and egg size, it should be abbreviated, following the same pattern of congeners inhabiting continental waters (  Magalhães and Walker 1988; Pereira and  García 1995). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Gomes  Corrêa (1973) named  Cryphiops brasiliensis a species from the vicinities of  Brasília , Brazil. This specific epithet, however, was already used by Heller (1868) for a species of  Macrobrachium described from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. With the synonymization of both genera, these specific names become secondary homonyms. We, therefore, propose the name  Macrobrachium candango nom. nov., comb. nov. as a replacement name for  Cryphiops brasiliensis Gomes  Corrêa , 1973. </p>
            <p> We examined specimens from three lots used by Gomes  Corrêa (1973) to describe  C. brasiliensis and deposited at the MNRJ: the holotype (MNRJ 903: male, cl 18.2 mm) and two others labeled as allotype (MNRJ 6464: 1 ovigerous female, cl 15.6 mm) and paratypes (MNRJ 2668: 1 male, cl 17.9 mm, 2 females, cl 15.3 and cl 15.3 mm), although the author did not explicitly designate the latter two as type material. We had this material on loan, which was returned to MNRJ in July 2008. After the fire at the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro in September 2018, the lot MNRJ 2668 is missing, but the other two, including the holotype, preserved in alcohol, are safe and in good condition (I.A. Cardoso, curator of  Crustacea , pers. comm. to FLM, Nov 2020). When carrying out aquatic surveys in the region around the type locality, we (FLM, LGP) visited the Reserva  Ecológica do IBGE (  Brasília , DF) and found a well-preserved collection of specimens (&gt; 260, not listed herein) made during previous aquatic faunistic surveys in the area (Takahashi et al. 2019). The main area of occurrence of this species is in a protected reserve, which may avoid possible impacts. This species was classified in the  IUCN’s Data Deficient (DD) category (Mantelatto et al. 2016). However, due to anthropic pressures in the region, future monitoring is necessary to evaluate its conservation conditions. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F55D7A704C735A8AA5BFCA002EE520C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mantelatto, Fernando L.;Pileggi, Leonardo G.;Pantaleao, Joao A. F.;Magalhaes, Celio;Villalobos, Jose Luis;Alvarez, Fernando	Mantelatto, Fernando L., Pileggi, Leonardo G., Pantaleao, Joao A. F., Magalhaes, Celio, Villalobos, Jose Luis, Alvarez, Fernando (2021): Multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of American shrimps of the genus Cryphiops Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) implies a proposal for reversal of precedence with Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. ZooKeys 1047: 155-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933
CD5806490B795C4CA81D7FDE955D1687.text	CD5806490B795C4CA81D7FDE955D1687.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium luscus (Holthuis 1973) Mantelatto & Pileggi & Pantaleão & Magalhães & Villalobos & Álvarez 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Macrobrachium luscus (Holthuis, 1973) comb. nov.</p>
            <p> Bythinops luscus Sbordoni, Argano &amp; Zullini, 1973: 24 (nomen nudum). </p>
            <p> Bithynops luscus Holthuis, 1973: 136, figs 1, 2. - Holthuis 1977: 181. - Hobbs, Hobbs and Daniel 1977: 25 (key), 46, fig. 17. - Reddell 1981: 108, fig. 15 (map), 319 (in list), 323 (list). - Villalobos 1982: 217 (in list). - Fitzpatrick 1983: 217. - Holthuis 1986: 606 (list). - Holthuis 1993: 103, fig. 89. - Hobbs III 1993: 20 (list). -  Álvarez et al. 1996: 110, chart 12.2 (list). - Pereira 1997: 47, table 6 (list). - Fransen et al. 1997: 15 (catalog). - Jayachandran 2001: 17, fig. 1. - Palacios-Vargas 2006: 7 (list). -  Mejía-Ortiz et al. 2013: 32, table 1. - Lamoreux et al. 2015: 306, Appendix 2 (list). - De Grave et al. 2015b: 7, table 3. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Bithynops) luscus . - Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989: 163, figs 1, 6a, c, 8a. - Villalobos-Hiriart et al. 1993: 281, table 5 (list). - Hobbs III 1994: 98 (list). - Fransen et al. 2010: 30, Appendix III (list). - De Grave and Fransen 2011: 316 (catalog). -  Álvarez et al. 2011: 258, fig. 4a. - Palacios-Vargas and Reddell 2013: 43 (list). - Palacios-Vargas et al. 2014-2015: 22. -  Quiroz-Martínez et al. 2014: table S1 (list). - Alvarez and Villalobos 2016: 250, table 8.1 (list). </p>
            <p> Cryphiops luscus . - Palacios-Vargas 2006: 7 (list). - Baldari et al. 2010: 48, fig. 1 (map), 52, table 1. - Botello and Alvarez 2013: table 1 (list). - Mantelatto et al. 2020: 915 (key). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Mexico - Chiapas • 8 males, tl 30.5-49.4 mm, 15 ovigerous females, tl 30.8-46.3 mm; Municipality of La Trinitaria, Rancho de San Rafael del Arco,  Gruta del Arco ; 07 Apr. 1986; J.L. Villalobos leg.; CNCR 5759  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Rostrum. Short, directed slightly downwards, tip directed slightly upwards, reaching or slightly overreaching joint between second and third article of antennular peduncle, and at level of distal third of scaphocerite; upper margin convex over orbit, with 5-8 teeth regularly spaced, first over or slightly behind posterior edge of orbit; lower margin with none or one tooth.</p>
            <p> Cephalon. Scaphocerite 2.5  × as long as wide; outer margin straight. </p>
            <p>Carapace. Smooth, with minute punctuations; antennal spine small, slightly overreaching lower portion of orbit; hepatic spine absent. Lower orbital angle obtuse, moderately pronounced.</p>
            <p> Pereiopods . P1 slender, reaching with nearly entire chelae beyond scaphocerite; fingers slightly longer than palm; chelae 2/3 length of carpus. P2 moderately robust, with several spines, equal in form and size, reaching with proximal third of carpus beyond scaphocerite; ischium evidently shorter than merus; merus as long as carpus; carpus as long as palm, with basal constriction; propodus 2  × as long as dactylus, 2  × as long as carpus; palm inflated, nearly 3  × as long as high; fingers as long as palm, with numerous small spinules; cutting edge with two denticles of same size in both teeth. P3-P5 with all joints covered with row of small spinules on the lower margin; P3 reaching with entire dactylus beyond scaphocerite, propodus 2  × as long as dactylus, propodus slightly longer than merus; P4 reaching with tip of dactylus end of scaphocerite, propodus 3  × as long as dactylus, propodus slightly longer than merus; P5 reaching with tip of dactylus half-length of scaphocerite, propodus 3  × as long as dactylus, propodus slightly longer than merus. </p>
            <p> Pleon. Smooth. Somite 5 with posteroventral angle of pleuron acute; somite 6 nearly 2  × as long as somite 5. Inter-uropodal sclerite without, keel-shaped pre-anal carinae. </p>
            <p> Pleopods. PL2 with appendix masculina 2  × as long as appendix interna. </p>
            <p>Uropods. Exopodite with mobile spines as long as spiniform projection of outer margin.</p>
            <p>Telson. Broad, smooth, slightly longer than abdominal somite 6, bearing two pairs of dorsal spinules closer to posterior margin of telson. Posterior margin ending in moderately acute triangular point, with several plumose setae and two pairs of posterior spinules, inner pair overreaching end of telson.</p>
            <p>Size.</p>
            <p>See in material examined.</p>
            <p>Color.</p>
            <p>Whitish to transparent.</p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p> México , Chiapas, Municipality of La Trinitaria, Gruta del Arco, El Rancho de San Rafael Del Arco, Lagunas de Montebello, altitude 1,470 m. Recent visits to the type locality showed an increasing contamination in the lakes that supply water to the underground stream of the Gruta del Arco, and the collections of specimens were not successful, at least in the closest access to the water pools. Possibly,  M. luscus comb. nov. is seriously threatened. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Only known from the type locality (Holthuis 1973; present paper).</p>
            <p>Life cycle.</p>
            <p>This is a cave species exclusive of inland waters, therefore independent of brackish to complete its life cycle. The eggs are few and large: 1.8-2.4 mm (Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989). The duration of the embryonic development is probably long and with few larval stages following the pattern of other inland species.</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> This species is similar to  Macrobrachium valdonii nom. nov., comb. nov., which is the other hypogean species with abbreviated development and without hepatic spine. The most remarkable differences between them concerns the length of the rostrum, and the proportion of the articles of second pereiopod (Table 2). In  M. luscus comb. nov., the rostrum is short, reaching or slightly overreaching joint between second and third article of antennular peduncle, and at level of distal third of scaphocerite. The ischium of the second pereiopod is evidently shorter than the merus, and the dactyl is little longer or as long as palm. In  M. valdonii nom. nov., comb. nov., the rostrum is longer, reaching the third article of antennular peduncle and the distal border of scaphocerite; the ischium of the second pereiopod is slightly shorter than the merus, and the dactyl is slightly shorter than the palm. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD5806490B795C4CA81D7FDE955D1687	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mantelatto, Fernando L.;Pileggi, Leonardo G.;Pantaleao, Joao A. F.;Magalhaes, Celio;Villalobos, Jose Luis;Alvarez, Fernando	Mantelatto, Fernando L., Pileggi, Leonardo G., Pantaleao, Joao A. F., Magalhaes, Celio, Villalobos, Jose Luis, Alvarez, Fernando (2021): Multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of American shrimps of the genus Cryphiops Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) implies a proposal for reversal of precedence with Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. ZooKeys 1047: 155-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933
F151D75D37E856578F7D52F400C2FFD9.text	F151D75D37E856578F7D52F400C2FFD9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium perspicax (Holthuis 1977) Mantelatto & Pileggi & Pantaleão & Magalhães & Villalobos & Álvarez 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Macrobrachium perspicax (Holthuis, 1977) comb. nov.</p>
            <p> Bithynops perspicax Holthuis, 1977: 182, figs 3, 4. - Reddell 1981: 108, fig. 15 (map). - Villalobos 1982: 217 (list). - Holthuis 1986: 606 (list). -  Álvarez et al. 1996: 110, chart 12.2 (list). - Pereira 1997: 47, table 6 (list). - Fransen et al. 1997: 16 (catalog). - Jayachandran 2001: 17. -  Mejía-Ortiz et al. 2013: 32, table 1 (list). </p>
            <p> Bithinops perspicax . - Sbordoni et al. 1977: 52, pl. 3 [error]. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Bithynops) perspicax . - Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989: 165, figs 1, 7a, c, 8b. - Villalobos-Hiriart et al. 1993: 281, table 5 (list). - Hobbs III 1994: 98 (list). - Fransen et al. 2010: 30, Appendix III (list). - De Grave and Fransen 2011: 316 (catalog). -  Álvarez et al. 2011: 258, fig. 2c. - Palacios-Vargas and Reddell 2013: 43 (list). - Palacios-Vargas et al. 2014-2015: 22. -  Quiroz-Martínez et al. 2014: table S1 (list). - Alvarez and Villalobos 2016: 250, table 8.1 (list). </p>
            <p> Cryphiops perspicax . - Palacios-Vargas 2006: 7 (list). - Baldari et al. 2010: 48, fig. 1 (map), 52, table 1. - Mantelatto et al. 2020: 916 (key). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Mexico - Chiapas • 16 males, tl 31.1-43.3 mm, 16 ovigerous females, tl 21.6-35.5 mm; Municipality of La Trinitaria, Ruinas de Chincultik,  Cenote La Cueva ; 07 Apr. 1986; J.L. Villalobos-Hiriart, J.C.  Nates-Rodríguez , A.  Cantú-Díaz Barriga leg; CNCR 7898  . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Rostrum. Short, directed downwards, reaching joint between second and third articles of antennular peduncle; upper margin with 5-8 teeth regularly spaced, first one at level or slightly behind posterior edge of orbit; lower margin with 1-3 teeth.</p>
            <p> Cephalon. Scaphocerite 2.6  × as long as wide, outer margin straight. </p>
            <p>Carapace: Smooth, with minute punctuations; antennal spine small, slightly overreaching lower portion of orbit; hepatic spine absent. Lower orbital angle subacute, moderately pronounced.</p>
            <p> Pereiopods . P1 slender, reaching with entire chelae or small part of carpus beyond scaphocerite; fingers slightly longer than palm; chelae 2/3 length of carpus. P2 moderately robust, with spines, equal in form and size, reaching with proximal third of carpus beyond scaphocerite; ischium evidently shorter than merus; merus as long as carpus; carpus as long as palm, with basal constriction; propodus 2.2  × as long as dactylus, 2  × as long as carpus; palm inflated, nearly 3  × as long as high; fingers slightly shorter (0.8) than palm, with numerous small spinules, not gaping, tips crossing, cutting edges with two similar denticles closer to proximal portion. P3-P5 with all joints covered with row of small spinules on lower margin; P3 reaching with entire dactylus beyond scaphocerite, propodus 2  × as long as dactylus, propodus nearly 2  × as long as carpus, propodus slightly longer than merus; P4 reaching with tip of dactylus end of scaphocerite, propodus 3  × as long as dactylus, propodus nearly 2  × as long as carpus, propodus slightly longer than merus; P5 reaching with tip of dactylus half-length of scaphocerite, propodus 3  × as long as dactylus, propodus nearly 2  × as long as carpus, propodus slightly longer than merus. </p>
            <p> Pleon. Smooth, somite 5 with posteroventral angle of pleuron acute; somite 6 nearly 2  × as long as somite 5. Inter-uropodal sclerite without keel-shaped pre-anal carinae. </p>
            <p> Pleopods. PL2 with appendix masculina nearly 2  × as long as appendix interna. </p>
            <p>Uropods. Exopodite with mobile spines as long as spiniform projection of outer margin.</p>
            <p>Telson. Broad, smooth, slightly longer than abdominal somite 6, bearing two pairs of dorsal spinules close to posterior margin of telson. Posterior margin ending in moderately acute triangular point, with several plumose setae and two pairs of posterior spinules, inner pair overreaching end of telson.</p>
            <p>Size.</p>
            <p>See in material examined.</p>
            <p>Color.</p>
            <p>Body translucid with orange punctuations.</p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p> México , Chiapas, Municipality of La Trinitaria, Cenote La Cueva, Ruinas de Chincultik, altitude 1,480 m. </p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Only known from the type locality (Holthuis 1977; present paper).</p>
            <p>Life cycle.</p>
            <p> Exclusive of inland waters, therefore independent of brackish waters to complete its life cycle. The eggs are few and large: 1.9-2.5 mm (Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989). Its larval development is not known but given the characteristics of the eggs, it should be abbreviated, following the same pattern of congeners inhabiting continental waters (  Magalhães and Walker 1988; Pereira and  García 1995). </p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Among the epigean forms of this group of species with abbreviated development and without hepatic spine,  M. perspicax comb. nov. can be distinguished from  M. candango nom. nov., comb. nov. and  M. alevillalobosi nom. nov., comb. nov. by the total length of the body, and by the similar form and size of the second pereiopod and the proportion of its articles (Table 2). Specimens of  M. perspicax comb. nov. are generally smaller (31.1-43.3 mm) than those of the other two species; the second pereiopods are shorter, do not present heterochely like  M. candango nom. nov., comb. nov. and the chelae are slender, the palm is 3  × as long as high, and the dactylus is slightly shorter. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F151D75D37E856578F7D52F400C2FFD9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mantelatto, Fernando L.;Pileggi, Leonardo G.;Pantaleao, Joao A. F.;Magalhaes, Celio;Villalobos, Jose Luis;Alvarez, Fernando	Mantelatto, Fernando L., Pileggi, Leonardo G., Pantaleao, Joao A. F., Magalhaes, Celio, Villalobos, Jose Luis, Alvarez, Fernando (2021): Multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of American shrimps of the genus Cryphiops Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) implies a proposal for reversal of precedence with Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. ZooKeys 1047: 155-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933
AE8D4FB6FE9F54C88519F6F4B6A3D63C.text	AE8D4FB6FE9F54C88519F6F4B6A3D63C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium Spence Bate 1868	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868</p>
            <p> Cryphiops Dana, 1852: 18 [type species:  Cryphiops spinulosomanus Dana, 1852] [based on Art. 23.9.3, ICZN 1999]. - Holthuis 1952a: 136. - Holthuis 1955: 51. - Maccagno and Cucchiari 1957: 206 (in list), 213. - Holthuis 1993: 105. - Jayachandran 2001: 14 (in key), 24. -  Álvarez et al. 2011: 257. </p>
            <p> Bithynis Philippi, 1860: 164 [type species:  Bithynis longimana Philippi, 1860 (=  Cryphiops caementarius (Molina, 1782))]. </p>
            <p> Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868: 363 [type species:  Macrobrachium americanum Spence Bate, 1868]. - Holthuis 1952a: 10. - Holthuis 1955: 53. - Maccagno and Cucchiari 1957: 206 (in list), 214. - Hobbs Jr. et al. 1977: 50. -  Rodríguez 1980: 113. - Holthuis 1993: 109. - Chace Jr, Bruce 1993: 8. - Jayachandran 2001: 14 (in key), 49. - Valencia and Campos 2007: 3. -  Álvarez et al. 2011: 260. -  Dueñas et al. 2012: 69. - Campos 2014: 56. </p>
            <p> Eupalaemon Ortmann, 1891: 696, 697 [type species:  Palaemon acanthurus Wiegmann, 1836]. </p>
            <p> Parapalaemon Ortmann, 1891: 696, 731 [type species:  Palaemon dolichodactylus Hilgendorf, 1879]. </p>
            <p> Macroterocheir Stebbing, 1908: 39 [type species:  Palaemon lepidactylus Hilgendorf, 1879]. </p>
            <p> Bithynops Holthuis, 1973: 135 [type species:  Bithynops luscus Holthuis, 1973]. - Holthuis 1993: 102. - Hobbs Jr. et al. 1977: 46. - Jayachandran 2001: 14. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Cryphiops) . - Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989: 161. </p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Bithynops) . - Villalobos Hiriart et al. 1989: 163. -  Álvarez et al. 2011: 258. </p>
            <p>Type species.</p>
            <p> Macrobrachium americanum Spence Bate, 1868, subsequent designation by Fowler (1912). </p>
            <p>Diagnosis</p>
            <p>(modified from Holthuis 1950, 1952a). Body compressed, generally robust, sometimes slender. Rostrum well developed, compressed, toothed, size varying from shorter to longer than distal margin of scaphocerite. Carapace with anterolateral portion smooth or bearing numerous small spinules. Carapace armed with antennal spine; hepatic spines present in most species, branchiostegal groove present, distinct. Mandible with 3-segmented palp. All maxillipeds with well-developed exopods. Pleurobranchs on third maxilliped and all pereiopods. P1 slender. P2 more robust than other pereiopods, usually longer than entire body in adult males, left and right legs often equal in size and shape or markedly different in several species. P3-P5 with dactylus simple. P5 with propodus bearing numerous transverse rows of setae in distal part of posterior margin. PL1 with endopod much smaller than exopod, endopod of male without appendix interna. Pleon with pleurae smooth in most species or with small spinules. Uropods overreaching telson; exopod with distolateral spine, endopod unarmed. Telson elongate, subtriangular, narrowing posteriorly, with two pairs of dorsal spines, anterior pair placed in middle, posterior pair usually placed midway between anterior pair and posterior margin; posterior margin ending in sharp median point, flanked by two pairs of spines, outer pair usually shorter than inner one, inner pair overreaching apex of telson in most species. See detailed description in Holthuis (1950).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p>See Discussion.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE8D4FB6FE9F54C88519F6F4B6A3D63C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mantelatto, Fernando L.;Pileggi, Leonardo G.;Pantaleao, Joao A. F.;Magalhaes, Celio;Villalobos, Jose Luis;Alvarez, Fernando	Mantelatto, Fernando L., Pileggi, Leonardo G., Pantaleao, Joao A. F., Magalhaes, Celio, Villalobos, Jose Luis, Alvarez, Fernando (2021): Multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of American shrimps of the genus Cryphiops Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) implies a proposal for reversal of precedence with Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. ZooKeys 1047: 155-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933
29ABADC237C658B283FC64B499510C4D.text	29ABADC237C658B283FC64B499510C4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium valdonii nom. nov. 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Macrobrachium valdonii nom. nov. comb. nov.</p>
            <p> Cryphiops sbordoni Baldari,  Mejía-Ortíz &amp;  López-Mejía , 2010: 48, figs 2-4. - Mantelatto et al. 2020: 915 (key). </p>
            <p> Cryphiops (Bithynops) sbordonii . - De Grave and Fransen 2011: 316 (catalog). - Palacios-Vargas and Reddell 2013: 43 (in list). - Palacios-Vargas et al. 2014-2015: 22. -  Quiroz-Martínez et al. 2014: table S1 (list). - Alvarez and Villalobos 2016: 250, table 8.1 (list). </p>
            <p>Material examined.</p>
            <p>  Holotype: Mexico - Chiapas • male, cl 25 mm; Las Margaritas,  Cueva Chamburro ; 01 Mar. 2001; V. Sbordoni leg.; CNCR 25106  .  Paratypes: 1 ovigerous female, cl 22.5 mm, allotype; same data as for holotype; CNCR 25107 • 1 female, cl 12.3 mm; same data as for holotype; CNCR 25108 . </p>
            <p>Description.</p>
            <p>Rostrum. Short, straight, tip not reaching distal border of scaphocerite, almost reaching third article of antennular peduncle; upper margin bearing eight teeth, lower margin smooth.</p>
            <p> Cephalon. Eyes reduced, globular cornea with facets, pigmented area reduced to a black point. Scaphocerite 2.4  × as long as wide. </p>
            <p>Carapace. Smooth, maximum length 25 mm, with only antennal spine; branchiostegal groove shallow; hepatic spine absent.</p>
            <p> Pereiopods . P1: slender, smooth, with few tufts of setae on both fingers; palm surpassing distal margin of scaphocerite; palm slightly compressed, as long as dactylus; carpus 1.75  × as long as palm, 1.12  × as long as merus. P2: subequal in size, subequal in size, reaching with half of carpus beyond scaphocerite, without spines; ischium 0.9  × merus; carpus 0.8  × as long as merus, 0.85  × as long as palm; propodus 1.5  × as long as dactylus, 2.5  × as long as carpus; palm semi-cylindrical, 3.3  × as long as high, with dispersed tufts of setae, 0.8  × as long as dactylus; fingers elongated, not gaping, cutting edges covered with tufts of setae, dactylus without teeth. P3: propodus, dactylus with several short setae, row of seven spines on ventral margin, propodus 3  × as long as dactylus, 2.05  × as long as carpus. P4: sparsely pilose, propodus 3.4  × as long as dactylus, 1.8  × as long as carpus, propodus with row of nine movable spines on ventral margin, propodus-dactylus articulation with pair of setae. P5: longest, propodus, carpus pilose, with longitudinal row of 12 movable spines, distal four close together, propodus-dactylus articulation with one spine; propodus 4  × as long as dactylus, 2.1  × as long as carpus. </p>
            <p> Pleon. Smooth; somites 1-3 with pleura broadly rounded; somites 4 and 5 with posteroventral margin of pleura rounded; pleura of all somites bearing setae on ventral border; somite 6 nearly 1.5  × as long as somite 5. Inter-uropodal sclerite without keel-shaped pre-anal carinae. </p>
            <p> Telson. Nearly 1.5  × longer than abdominal somite 6, shorter than uropodal rami, bearing two pairs of dorsal spines, first pair on distal fifth, second pair on middle section, with a single spine in the middle on left side; posterior margin broadly triangular bearing two pairs of lateral spines, inner pair 5  × longer than outer one, with plumose setae between inner spines, center ending in acute tip. </p>
            <p>Etymology.</p>
            <p>Baldari et al. (2010) named this species in honor of Prof. Valerio Sbordoni, a studious of the cave fauna of Chiapas, Mexico, and collector of the specimens. We maintained this homage by forming the specific epithet with parts of his first and last name.</p>
            <p>Size.</p>
            <p>See in material examined.</p>
            <p>Color.</p>
            <p>Live specimens are white, without pigment in/on the body.</p>
            <p>Type locality.</p>
            <p>Mexico Chiapas, Las Margaritas, Cueva Chamburro.</p>
            <p>Distribution.</p>
            <p>Only known from the type locality (Baldari et al. 2010).</p>
            <p>Life cycle.</p>
            <p>Stygobitic species exclusive of inland waters, therefore independent of brackish waters to complete its life cycle. Female allotype with eggs (not measured).</p>
            <p>Remarks.</p>
            <p> Mejía-Ortíz et al. (2008) described  Macrobrachium sbordonii from Mexico, naming it after Valerio Sbordoni. Shortly thereafter, Baldari et al. (2010) pay homage to the very same person again by describing a new species of  Cryphiops also from Mexico. Since the synonymization of both genera makes the names secondary homonyms,  Macrobrachium valdonii nom. nov., comb. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for  Cryphiops sbordonii Baldari,  Mejía-Ortiz &amp;  López-Mejía , 2010. </p>
            <p> Similar to  M. luscus comb. nov. (see remarks of that species and Table 2). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/29ABADC237C658B283FC64B499510C4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Mantelatto, Fernando L.;Pileggi, Leonardo G.;Pantaleao, Joao A. F.;Magalhaes, Celio;Villalobos, Jose Luis;Alvarez, Fernando	Mantelatto, Fernando L., Pileggi, Leonardo G., Pantaleao, Joao A. F., Magalhaes, Celio, Villalobos, Jose Luis, Alvarez, Fernando (2021): Multigene phylogeny and taxonomic revision of American shrimps of the genus Cryphiops Dana, 1852 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) implies a proposal for reversal of precedence with Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868. ZooKeys 1047: 155-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1047.66933
