identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0F3EE111FFD69725FF08FD37F481F8CD.text	0F3EE111FFD69725FF08FD37F481F8CD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Progoniogryllus Ma & Jing & Zheng 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Genus  Progoniogryllus gen. nov.</p>
            <p> Type species:  Progoniogryllus rotundus sp. nov. , here designated. </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Size small for  Gryllinae species. Colored dark brown and ornamented with patches and stripes in light color, especially, above eyes there are backward forked stripes. Pronotum pubescent, armed with straight fore and hind margins and the former slightly narrower than the hind. Elytra short, far from supra-anal plate; basal and apical area of elytra rather short and almost similar in length; possessing two oblique veins and developed mirror; and media fold (fan) between apical part of lateral and dorsal area developed and expanded. Fore tibiae armed with outer tympanum and the inner one absent. Epiphallus almost without middle lobe and gap between lateral lobes rather broad. Ectoparamere simple and shaped as wide blade. Particularly, testis of the new unusually developed and occupies a large space in the abdominal cavity. </p>
            <p> Molecular phylogeny. To infer the taxonomic status of the new genus, we constructed phylogenetic relationship of two species of the new genus, 32 other  Gryllinae species and three species of  Gryllotalpidae (Fig. 2). The tree presented that the new taxa is included in the lineage of  Modicogryllini and relevant species. Within the species we concluded, the new ones are much closer to  Goniogryllus . Although they are distinct, it is significant that both the new and  Goniogryllus bear similar coloration. </p>
            <p>Courtship behavior. If the male and female are placed in a box, the male will make a courtship call and approach female. The male will point the end of his abdomen at the female, and it can be observed that there is a spermatophore hanging at the end of the abdomen, but the female seems to avoid the male. Usually, the female's avoidance will not cause the male to give up, he will continue to get close to the female, constantly chase and point his tail up at the female in different positions. After courtship for about 7–15 minutes, the male keeps falling back and takes the opportunity to get under the female's body. After the external genitalia are connected, the copulation commences. During the mating, it is found that the female and the male twist at a certain angle (Fig. 3). The whole process lasts about 2 minutes, then the female leaves and the copulation ends.</p>
            <p>Etymology. The name refers to the position of the new in the phylogenic tree (fig. 2) in the article.</p>
            <p> Included species:  Progoniogryllus rotundus sp. nov. and  Progoniogryllus directus sp. nov.</p>
            <p> Remarks. External appearance of the new genus slightly resembles the genera  Parasongella Otte, 1987 ,  Callogryllus Sjöstedt, 1910 and  Goniogryllus Chopard, 1936 since they both possess short elytra (or not) and bear yellowish stripes above eyes, but the tegmina of the new taxa are somewhat longer and possess an intact mirror, and the genitalia of the new taxa is distinct from the above. </p>
            <p> Parasongella includes three species,  Parasongella ornaticeps (Chopard, 1969) (type locality: Thailand),  Parasongella japonica Ichikawa, 2001 (type locality: Japan) and  Parasongella nigriceps Otte, 1987 (type locality: Tanzania). Although considered in the same genus, their male genitalia are rather different from each other. The type species,  P. nigriceps , bears genitalia that are very similar to  Songella species and the clypeus is strongly upwards bent. The genitalic complex of  P. japonica is very similar to the species of  Goniogryllus , but that of  P. ornaticeps is different from the former two. Thus, we do not think it warranted to combine those three species into  Parasongella (Ichikawa, 2001) . </p>
            <p> The male genitalia of the new genus is similar to the genus  Gryllodes Saussure, 1874 , and, their elytra is rather similar to each other. But the body of  Gryllodes species is somewhat dorsoventrally compressed and that of the new genus is normal. Based on the phylogenic relationship which was established based on gene sequences, these two genera are distantly related. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F3EE111FFD69725FF08FD37F481F8CD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ma, Libin;Jing, Xuan;Zheng, Yanna	Ma, Libin, Jing, Xuan, Zheng, Yanna (2021): Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae). Zootaxa 4995 (3): 523-536, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.3.7
0F3EE111FFD8972BFF08FAD4F1C5F972.text	0F3EE111FFD8972BFF08FAD4F1C5F972.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Progoniogryllus rotundus Ma & Jing & Zheng 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Progoniogryllus rotundus sp. nov.</p>
            <p> Type materials.   Holotype. Male. China: Xizang, Motuo,  Beibeng , vi-1-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  .   Paratype. China: 2 males, Xizang, Motuo,  Beibeng , vi-1-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  ;   1 male, Xizang, Chayu,  Cibagou , vi-7-2019, Lv, Lin coll. (SNNU)  ;   1 female, Xizang, Motuo,  Beibeng , v-31-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  ;   1 male, Yunnan, Lushui,  Pianma , vi-20-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  ;   1 female, Yunnan, Lushui,  Pianma , vi-19-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  . </p>
            <p>Measurements. Male (n=5): BL 10.09±0.61, HL 1.76±0.09, HW 3.05±0.08, PL 2.06±0.08, PW 3.29±0.17, FWL 5.02±0.49, FWW 3.5±0.18, MTL 2.69±0.28, HFL 6.88±0.21; female (n=5): BL 10.84±0.59, HL 1.8±0.23, HW 3.14±0.39, PL 2.35±0.20, PW 3.33±0.25, MTL 2.33±0.36, HFL 7.50±0.25, OL 7.80±0.66</p>
            <p> Description. Male. Body size small for  Gryllinae species (Fig. 5A). In frontal view, head higher dorsoventrally, vertex rounded and convex (Fig. 9D). Dorsally viewed, occiput short, round and convex; vertex inclined. Frons convex and narrow (almost equal to the width of antennal scape), and arched in lateral view. A shallow groove present between bottom of frons and top of clypeus (along with epistomal suture). Labrum shield-like with lateral margins acutely convex and apically pointed round. End section of maxillary palpus conspicuously longer than the third; end section of labial palpus obviously longer than the total length of anterior two. Pronotum long and obviously longer than head. In dorsal view, pronotum somewhat trapezoid-like, anteriorly narrower than the posterior. Anterior margin of pronotum slightly concave and posteriorly straight. Disc flatten and possessing with a middle groove, and laterally fold down. Lateral lobes depressed posteriorly. Elytra broad and flatten, conspicuously wider than hind margin of pronotum. Basal field somewhat wide but short and almost as half length of pronotum. Oblique veins two. Diagonal vein arched. Mirror transverse and obviously wider than length. Dividing vein separating hind part oval-like. Apical field distally rounded, very short and somewhat a half length of mirror, and possessing two rows of irregular cells. Hind wings absent. Cercus long and almost as long as hind tibia. Outer tympana large and long oval-like; inner tympana absent and corresponding part pit-like. Hind femur slightly longer than tibia. Subapical spurs five pairs and inner ones obviously shorter than the outer proximally. </p>
            <p>Body pubescent, brown and ornamented with yellowish-brown and dark-brown patterns. Lateral areas of head and pronotum possessing continuous yellowish-brown stripes (Fig. 9D). Lateral lobes of pronotum almost dark brown with bottom margin yellowish-brown. Maxillary palpus colored dark and labial palpus colored light. Elytral disc yellowish-brown and most of lateral lobes colored dark brown. Fore and middle legs yellowish-brown and ornamented with brown patterns, and on femur and tibia ornamented with dark brown spots dorsally and laterally, and, especially, dark brown spots almost forming a ring on middle tibia. Hind legs and cercus colored brown and ornamented with dull yellowish brown. Abdomen dark brown dorsally and laterally, and ventrally colored yellowish-brown and ornamented with brown spots. Subgenital plate colored brown.</p>
            <p>Epiphallus almost without median lobe and slightly extended outward at the middle (Fig. 6A–C). Lateral lobes of epiphallus short and obtuse, the gap between them broad and somewhat rectangular. In lateral view, included angle between median and lateral lobe nearly arched. Ectoparamere short and slightly upward curved. In ventral view, ectoparamere comprise of two branches proximally, combined medially and curved upward.</p>
            <p>Female. Body size and coloration similar to male (Figs. 5B; 9C). Brachypterous, portions after mesonotum uncovered. Ovipositor long and slightly longer than cercus. Some samples macroperous and armed with normal elytra (Fig. 4B, D).</p>
            <p>Etymology. The name refers to its elytra armed with rounded margin apically, and its somewhat oval-like body.</p>
            <p>Remarks. Holotype and most specimens light brown and there are also some specimens that are darker. Compared with light ones, patterns or stripes of those dark samples are not clear or absent, and the coloration of legs and abdomen are darker. In addition, this species possesses rounded apical end of the tegmina.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F3EE111FFD8972BFF08FAD4F1C5F972	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ma, Libin;Jing, Xuan;Zheng, Yanna	Ma, Libin, Jing, Xuan, Zheng, Yanna (2021): Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae). Zootaxa 4995 (3): 523-536, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.3.7
0F3EE111FFDB972EFF08FF12F10FF858.text	0F3EE111FFDB972EFF08FF12F10FF858.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Progoniogryllus directus Ma & Jing & Zheng 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Progoniogryllus directus sp. nov.</p>
            <p> Type materials.   Holotype. Male. China: Xizang, Chayu,  Zhala village , vi-5-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  .   Paratype. China: 2 males, Xizang, Chayu,  Zhala village , vi-5-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  ;   1 male, Xizang, Chayu,  Xiachayu , vi-6-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  ;   2 males, Xizang,  Chayu , vi-13-2019, Yang, qichen coll. (SNNU)  ;   2 females, Xizang, Chayu,  Zhala village , vi-5-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  ;   3 females, Xizang, Chayu,  Xiachayu , vi-6-2019, Ma, Libin coll. (SNNU)  . </p>
            <p>Measurements. Male (n=5): BL 8.8±0.42, HL 1.37±0.08, HW 2.24±0.22, PL 1.83±0.07, PW 2.76±0.06, FWL 4.92±0.50, FWW 3.35±0.10, MTL 2.32±0.13, HFL 5.98±0.23; female (n=2): BL 8.21±0.34, HL 1.29±0.15, HW 2.19±0.04, PL 1.67±0.52, PW 2.69±0.07, MTL 2.61±0.15, HFL 6.22±0.17, OL 6.15±0.22</p>
            <p> Description. Male. Body smaller than medium species of  Gryllinae (Fig. 7A, B). In frontal view, head laterally widened and dorsoventrally short, and vertex broad and flat (Fig. 9B). In dorsal view, head longer than pronotum; occiput widened and slightly convex; vertex inclined; and frons somewhat convex, wide and slightly wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape transverse, shield-like. Epistomal suture shallow, sinuate and medially upward convex. Lower portion of clypeus and labrum depressed. Labrum broad with lateral margins rounded convex and apically arched. End section of maxillary palpus obviously longer than the third; end section of labial palpus conspicuously longer than the total length of remainder two. Pronotum transverse and slightly longer than the half width. Disc of pronotum broad and flattened, anteriorly concave and posteriorly straight, and lateral margin straight and inclined down. Lateral lobes of pronotum broad and flattened with ventral surface slightly inwardly concave. Tegmina very short and not reaching abdominal tip. Tegminal disc broad and flattened, almost rectangular-shaped, slightly arched laterally and pointed rounded apically. Basal field short and slightly longer than 1/3 length of pronotum. Oblique veins two; diagonal vein weakly arched and smoothly jointing with outside margin of mirror. Mirror transverse, somewhat shaped as rhombus with inner and bottom corner rounded. Dividing vein separating a small oval at mirror bottom. Apical field distally straight, very short and shorter than 1/3 length of mirror. Cercus thin and tapering. Outer tympana large and long oval-like; inner tympana very small and oval-like. Hind femur slightly longer than tibia. Subapical spurs six pairs and proximally possessing an additional small one outside. Hind tarsus armed with two rows of spines and numbered more outside. </p>
            <p>Body colored dark brown dorsally and yellowish-brown ventrally. Occiput ornamented with six yellowishbrown stripes (Fig. 9B). Of them, the outermost ones inclined outward and jointing with yellowish-brown stripes above eyes. Yellowish-brown ornamented above eyes or around ocelli. Occiput, vertex, top portions of frons and inner margin of antennal socket dark brown. Eyes and portions between antennal socket and labrum, including mandible, maxillary and labial palpi yellowish-brown. Pronotum dark brown dorsally and only ornamented with few of yellowish-brown spot laterally. Lateral lobes of pronotum colored yellowish-brown at half lower portions. Elytra yellowish brown with lateral lobes colored dark.Abdomen colored dark brown dorsally and laterally, and yellowishbrown ventrally. Subgenital plate brown. Legs yellowish-brown and ornamented with few of brown spots.</p>
            <p>Epiphallus transverse (Fig. 8A–C), median lobe weakly convex and truncate apically; lateral lobes short and obtuse, in dorsal view, gap between them large and rectangular-like. Ectoparamere prismatoidal, proximally branched with outside branch thick and inner one thin, and combined as one apically.</p>
            <p>Female. Body form and coloration similar with male (Figs. 7C, D; 9A). Brachypterous individual armed with elytra bud-like (Fig. 7C). Ovipositor (Fig. 4A, C) yellowish-brown.</p>
            <p>Etymology. The name refers to its elytra armed with straight margin apically.</p>
            <p>Remarks. Inner tympana varied, sometimes pit-like and without tympanic membrane and sometimes with a very small tympanic membrane. This species possesses straight apical end of elytra.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0F3EE111FFDB972EFF08FF12F10FF858	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Ma, Libin;Jing, Xuan;Zheng, Yanna	Ma, Libin, Jing, Xuan, Zheng, Yanna (2021): Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae). Zootaxa 4995 (3): 523-536, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.3.7
