taxonID	type	description	language	source
038D87E74C15FFA02C4AC8D7FDB9FAA5.taxon	type_taxon	TYPE SPECIES: Cryphaeus boothi Green, 1837; Middle Devonian of North America (Pennsylvania).	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C15FFA02C4AC8D7FDB9FAA5.taxon	materials_examined	EMENDED DIAGNOSIS: As for Lieberman and Kloc (1997: 77) except for: six or seven lenses in dorsoventral file on visual surface; genal spine developed as moderately long flange extending back to fifth or sixth thoracic segment.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C15FFA02C4AC8D7FDB9FAA5.taxon	discussion	REMARKS: This genus has been rediagnosed and discussed by Lieberman and Kloc (1997), along with the designation of a neotype for Greenops boothi.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C15FFA12C6FCE11FC2CFDBA.taxon	description	Figure 5, C – E	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C15FFA12C6FCE11FC2CFDBA.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Cephalon semicircular in outline, with anterior border pointed; frontal glabellar lobe expended anteriorly and laterally, genal spine flat, smooth, extended to sixth thorax segment; eyes with maximum of seven lenses per dorsoventral file; visual surface in dorsal view lies partly within a sagittal line drawn tangentially to the frontal lobe; pygidium with five pairs of triangular lappets all approximately the same size as their respective pleurae and in contact with each other proximally for at least 30 % of their length; tips of first three, pointed; fourth and fifth, somewhat rounded.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C15FFA12C6FCE11FC2CFDBA.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: MBLUZ P­ 1448 A and B, part and counterpart of an almost complete specimen with total length of approximately 29 mm, from upper level of the Caño del Oeste Formation, Perijá Mountains, NW Venezuela. Cast of holotype AMNH 46583.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C15FFA12C6FCE11FC2CFDBA.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: Named for Perijá Mountains, of NW Venezuela.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C15FFA12C6FCE11FC2CFDBA.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: The cephalon is semicircular in outline, moderately convex, a little more than twice as wide as long, with length (sag.) approximately 8.7 mm and an inferred width (across the posterior border of the cephalon) of 19 mm (the right side is incomplete). The anterior cephalic border is pointed medially. The axial furrows are moderately wide; they are more divergent anteriorly from S 1. The glabella has three distinct pairs of lateral glabellar furrows. S 1 is moderately wide, developed as a smooth convex curve posteriorly, becoming deeper proximally and in contact with the axial furrows. S 2 is roughly transverse, with its anterior margin weakly convex, and almost reaching the axial furrows. S 3 is widest distally and slightly convex anteriorly. The frontal glabellar lobe is expanded anteriorly and laterally, declines smoothly forward, has a rounded anterior margin, and represents about 70 % of total glabellar length. The glabellar lobes are flattened, their height decreases posteriorly (from L 3 to L 1), with the medial region flat. L 3 is wedge­shaped, lengthening distally; L 2 is approximately rectangular, and L 1 is narrower than L 2. S 0 is shallower than S 1, moderately wide, convex anteriorly (sag.). The occipital lobe (L 0) is longest sagittally, high­ er medially, slightly above the median area of glabella; becoming lower and narrower distally, without ornamentation. The eyes are raised slightly above the glabella, with a maximum of seven lenses per dorsoventral file on the visual surface. The anterior edge of the visual surface contacts the axial furrow at the anterolateral corner of L 3; the posterior edge of the visual surface is located posterior to a transverse line tangent to the anterior edge of L 0. In dorsal view the visual surface lies partly within a sagittal line drawn tangent to the frontal lobe. The fixigena slopes from the axial furrow to the palpebrum; the librigena is moderately declined toward the lateral cephalic border, whose margin forms a broad continuous arch. The posterior cephalic border furrow is nearly transverse and broadest distally, and the posterior cephalic border widens abaxially. Genal spines are flat and smooth, and extend back to the sixth thoracic segment (their exact length is not very clear on the specimen). No ornamentation is observed on the cephalon. The thorax contains 11 moderately convex segments, with the axis occupying about one third the width of the thorax (maximum thorax width 17.6 mm; axis width 6.1 mm). Axial furrows are shallow but well defined. The axis is somewhat higher than the pleural field. Each axial ring is of uniform length (exsag., sag.) with the medial portion convex anteriorly and higher than the distal extremities, which have an almost straight anterior margin and a convex posterior margin. The articulation furrows are moderately wide and deep. The proximal part of the pleura is transverse, approximately horizontal, whereas the distal part is strongly flexed downward. Pleural furrows are moderately deep, wide, and almost straight. The pygidium is broad, semicircular in outline, approximately 9.4 mm long (sag.) and 16.3 mm wide (maximum width anteriorly). The axis is raised slightly above the pleural fields, and is well defined by narrow and shallow axial furrows. Only the first seven axial rings are distinct, plus the anterior part of the eighth. Axial rings are delimited by shallow and moderately wide ring furrows. The first five axial rings are gently flexed anteriorly at the midline and are of nearly equal length throughout; the more posterior rings are almost straight. There are five pairs of pleurae; the first three are gently curved backward and the last two are more abruptly flexed; pleurae become slightly wid­ er distally. Interpleural furrows are obsolete; the pleural furrows are shallow and relatively wide. The first three pleural furrows are more conspicuous than the posterior two. The anterior and posterior bands of the pleural segments lie at the same level. The border furrow is well defined. There are five pairs of triangular lappets, all approximately the same size as their respective pleurae. The distal tips of the first three lappets are point­ ed, but the fourth and fifth are somewhat rounded. The lappets make contact with each other proximally, for at least 30 % of their length, but are separated distally. The lateral margins of the lappets are curved posteriorly, whereas their inner margins seem to be straight. The lappets are covered by small, dense granules. The terminal lappet is approximately equal in length (sag.) to the fifth lappet, although its end is not very clear in the specimen.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C19FFA32C73CF91FE23FC05.taxon	description	Figures 4, A – F; 5 A, B	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C19FFA32C73CF91FE23FC05.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Cephalon relatively elongate in outline, ogival, with anterior cephalic border slightly pointed medially; S 3 faintly sinusoidal, glabellar lobes not inflated; genal spines long and broad, slightly curved at their extremities, with a ridge on the dorsal surface extending from the cephalic posterior border to the tip. Eyes above glabellar level with maximum of seven lenses per dorsoventral file.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C19FFA32C73CF91FE23FC05.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: MBLUZ P­ 987, external mold of cephalon lacking the left genal spine, plus parts of first three thoracic segments. Cast of holotype AMNH 46579. Dimensions of the holotype: cephalic length (sag.) approximately 12.6 mm from occipital furrow to anterior margin of cephalon; width approximately 22.2 mm across posterior margin of cephalon. PARATYPES: MBLUZ P­ 985, internal mold of pygidium; MBLUZ P­ 986, internal mold of cephalon with part of the right genal spine, plus first three thoracic segments; MBLUZ P­ 1079, small enrolled specimen with the pygidium preserved (not figured). Casts of paratypes AMNH 46580, 46581, 46582. All material of Rhenops odremani n. sp. is housed in the Museo de Biología, Universidad de Zulia (MBLUZ), Maracaibo, Venezuela, not in the Department of Geology, University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, as was stated by Lieberman and Kloc (1997: 77). Catalog numbers for the specimens illustrat­ ed in Lieberman and Kloc (1997: fig. 15) are as follows: Nos. 1, 2 = MBLUZ P­ 1079; Nos. 3 – 6 = MBLUZ P­ 986; Nos. 7, 8 = MBLUZ P­ 985.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C19FFA32C73CF91FE23FC05.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: Named for Oscar Odreman, who has made significant contributions to the paleontology of Venezuela. PROVENANCE AND AGE: Caño del Oeste Formation, Middle Devonian (Eifelian / Givetian), Perijá Mountains, NW Venezuela.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C19FFA32C73CF91FE23FC05.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: The cephalon has a relatively elongate outline, tapering anteriorly, and thus resembles a gothic arch (ogival shape), with the anterior cephalic border slightly pointed medially. The cephalic profile is moderately convex. Axial furrows are narrow, well impressed, subparallel to S 1 then becoming divergent anteriorly. Glabellar furrows are weakly impressed and moderately wide. S 1 is roughly crescent­shaped and deeper adaxially; S 2 is transverse, narrower than S 1; S 3 is faintly sinusoidal. Lateral glabellar lobes (L 1 – L 3) are flat sagittally. The first pair of lateral glabellar lobes (L 1) is somewhat flexed forward, giving the appearance of a transglabellar lobe; L 2 is approximately rectangular and smaller than L 3, which has a wedge shape. The frontal glabellar lobe is strongly expanded anteriorly and laterally, with its margin smoothly rounded in dorsal view, sloping gently anteriorly and laterally. The cephalic lateral border furrow is not discernible; the cephalic posterior border furrow is deep and flexed forward medially. The eyes are large and raised above the glabella, occupying about 50 % of glabellar length, and are positioned proximally and posteriorly on the cephalon. Each eye is in contact with the anterolateral corner of L 3 anteriorly, and posteriorly is located a short distance from the axial furrow. The posterior edge of the visual surface is situated posteriorly to a transverse line tangent to the anterior edge of the occipital ring. The visual surface has a maximum of seven lenses per dorsoventral file. The palpebral region of the fixigena slopes toward the glabella. Genal spines are relatively long and broad, curved at their extremities, with a ridge on the dorsal surface extending from the cephalic posterior border furrow to the tip. The internal margins of the genal spines are not parallel to the sagittal line, but are deflected posteriorly at an angle of approximately 15 °. The length of the genal spine cannot be determined accurately in any of the available specimens; it has approximately the same length as the rest of the cephalon. The occipital ring is not well preserved in the material and its morphology cannot be determined. The preserved surface of the cephalon is rough and has a granular appearance in places. In epoxy casts the surface appears to be tuberculose (fig. 4 B), but this is an artifact of the casting medium. We have not found convincing evidence that tubercles are present on the original specimen. The pygidium is lacking in the holotype of Rhenops odremani, new species, but is pres­ ent in two of the paratypes (MBLUZ P­ 985 and MBLUZ P­ 1079). The following description is based mainly on MBLUZ P­ 985 as the pygidium is better preserved than in MBLUZ P­ 1079. The pygidium is small and subelliptical in outline; in MBLUZ P­ 985 it has a total length of approximately 5.6 mm (sag.) and maximum width about 9.6 mm (its anteriormost region). In lateral view the posteriormost region of the axis slopes to the rear. The axis is slightly raised above the pleural field, and includes at least 10 rings. The first seven rings are easily distinguished, but the remainder become progressively obsolete posteriorly and cannot be accurately counted. The anterior margins of the first five rings are slightly arched anteriorly; after the fifth ring they are straight. The axis tapers posteriorly as far as the fifth ring, after which the axial furrows are roughly parallel back to the terminus of the axis. The pleural region consists of five pairs of pleurae of approximately equal width, and with equally elevat­ ed anterior and posterior pleural bands; the pleural furrows are deeper than the interpleural furrows. The first three pleurae are gently curved posteriorly, and the last two are curved more abruptly. The fifth pleura is much shorter than the others and it is very close to the pygidial axis. Each pleura terminates with a long, broad, and flat lappet, but its distal tips are not well preserved. The external lateral margin of each lappet is smoothly curved and the inner margin is approximately straight. The terminal lappet is slightly broader than the posterior part of the axis, but its terminal part is missing. No ornamentation is present on the pleurae or pygidial axial rings. The only ornamentation observed in these specimens is fine granulation on the lappets, but other details are difficult to ascertain as both the available pygidia are weathered.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C19FFAC2C0DC82AFDC5FB23.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES: Cryphaeus anserinus Richter, 1916; Lower Devonian, Eifel (Germany). GENERIC DIAGNOSIS: See Struve, 1959: O 483.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C19FFAC2C0DC82AFDC5FB23.taxon	discussion	REMARKS: This genus is known from the Lower Devonian (Emsian) of Europe (Germany, France, and Spain) and Middle Devonian (Eifelian) of Africa (Morocco). The presence of Rhenops in the Devonian of Venezuela was recently noted by Lieberman and Kloc (1997). There are still no records of this genus in North America.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C1CFFA92C38C8F4FE85F932.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES: Phacops pipa Hall and Clarke, 1888; early Middle Devonian of North America (New York State, Michigan and Southern Ontario). GENERIC DIAGNOSIS (Maximova, 1972): Preoccipital lobe entirely reduced; preoccipital furrow merged with occipital furrow to form a deep broad furrow on site of preoccipital lobe. Occipital ring usually narrow. Vincular furrow deep, with prominent inner border. Eyes of moderate size, less frequently large. Pygidium usually wide, weakly segmented. Surface of glabella with fairly large nodes.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C1CFFA92C38C8F4FE85F932.taxon	discussion	SYSTEMATIC NOTE: Those phacopids that were originally placed in the genus Phacops from Central Kazakhstan and the Far Eastern part of the former Soviet Union were reexamined by Maximova (1972), who erected a new genus, Paciphacops, with two subgenera, P. (Paciphacops) and P. (Viaphacops), each containing several species. Elsewhere Viaphacops has been elevated to generic rank (e. g., Ramsköld and Werdelin, 1991; Linsley, 1994) and that practice is also followed here.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C1BFFAF2C08CF55FD18FB64.taxon	description	Figure 3, A – D	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C1BFFAF2C08CF55FD18FB64.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS: Cephalon broader than long, with posterior border slightly concave. Composite glabellar lobe short and broad, round­ ed anteriorly, flattened dorsally, with moderate inclination anteriorly. Glabellar surface ornamentated with low, rounded tubercles, each one somewhat separated from the others, and gradually diminishing in size anteriorly. Occipital ring without spines or tubercles. Genal angles rounded. Eyes with 13 or 14 dorsoventral files, with 3 or 4 lenses per file. Visual surface convex, raised somewhat above glabellar level.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C1BFFAF2C08CF55FD18FB64.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: MBLUZ P­ 33, cephalon (represented by an internal mold), from upper level of the Caño del Oeste Formation, Perijá Mountains, NW Venezuela. Cast of holotype AMNH 46578.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C1BFFAF2C08CF55FD18FB64.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: Named after Venezuela, the country of origin. AGE: Middle Devonian (Eifelian / Givetian).	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
038D87E74C1BFFAF2C08CF55FD18FB64.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION: The cephalon is approximately twice as broad as long, with a maximum cephalic width of 34 mm (adjacent to genal angles), and a maximum length of 16 mm (sagittally from front of glabella to posterior margin of occipital ring). Dorsally the glabella is moderately inflated, flattened, and inclined forward, and anteriorly its frontal surface is vertical. The length (sag.) of the composite glabellar lobe is 12 mm (formed by the union of the anterior, third, second, and medial portion of the first glabellar lobes; Eldredge, 1973: 316). The composite glabellar lobe is covered by low, rounded tubercles, each one somewhat separated from the others and diminishing gradually in size toward the anterior region of the glabella. Tubercles are not present on the occipital ring or genae. The maximum anterior glabellar width at the intersection of the axial furrows and anterior cephalic margin equal 20 mm. The posterior glabellar width is 10 mm. The axial furrows are straight, broad, deep, and strongly divergent anteriorly. The second and third glabellar furrows are shallow, almost indistinct. A deep, broad transglabellar furrow is apparently formed by confluence of the occipital furrow (S 0) and first pair of glabellar furrows (S 1). All the paired glabellar lobes are incorporated into the composite glabellar lobe. The distal portion of the first glabellar lobe (L 1) forms a pair of lateral preoccipital lobes. The visual surface is supported by an eye socle, elevating the eye somewhat above the level of the glabella. The palpebral lobes are well developed but are not so high as the visual surface. The eyes have 13 or 14 dorsoventral files on the visual surface (the posteriormost files are somewhat indistinct, but there are certainly no more than 14 files). In each file the number of lenses is no more than four lenses per file (in the anteriormost two files there are only two or three lenses). The genae are almost vertical and extend posteriorly behind the occipital ring. The genal angles are rounded. The occipital ring is narrow (long.), without ornamentation or spine, slightly curved anteriorly (sag.), slightly above the glabellar lobe, with a width of 10 mm. The posterior margin of the cephalon and the occipital ring are both raised to form a prominent margin. The thorax and pygidium are unknown.	en	DE CARVALHO, MARIA DA GLORIA PIRES, MOODY, JOHN (2000): A Middle Devonian Trilobite Assemblage from Venezuela. American Museum Novitates 3292: 1-15, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2000)292<0001:amdtaf>2.0.co;2
