identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
882B87A72D77FFD14CE84FACD5F5FF28.text	882B87A72D77FFD14CE84FACD5F5FF28.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer 1880	<div><p>Genus Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer, 1880</p> <p>Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer, 1880: 161.</p> <p>Type species: Brachycyrtus ornatus Kriechbaumer, 1880: 163.</p> <p>Diagnosis (after Cushman 1936, Walkley 1956, Townes et al. 1960, Baltazar 1964, Townes 1969, Gauld 1984, Gauld 2000, Bennett 2009). Small sized ichneumonids, fore wing length 2.9–5.4 mm. Clypeus small, in profile more or less flat, not separated from face by a distinct groove, its apical margin truncate or gently rounded and convex, without teeth; labrum small and partially exposed; mandible relatively short and wide, bidentate but with upper tooth apically indented so that mandible appears tridentate; malar space from strongly reduced to nearly as long as mandible base; eyes nearly parallel to convergent ventrally, inner margin of eye from weakly to strongly emarginate opposite antennal socket; frons flat to weakly convex, without median vertical carina; occipital carina complete, joining hypostomal carina or mandible base; flagellum often slightly clavate. Mesosoma short; notaulus vestigial, sometimes impressed and with a small crest anteriorly; epomia from almost absent and distinct only ventrally to strong and complete; scutellum usually laterally carinate; scuto-scutellar groove with or without longitudinal ridges; mesosternal region short, sometimes strongly reduced so that ventral part of epicnemial carina almost adjacent to mid coxa, attaining the position of posterior transverse carina of mesosternum; sternaulus short but distinct; propodeum abruptly declivous beyond short basal area; propodeal spiracle circular to oval; propodeal carinae variously developed, often with area superomedia joined to area petiolaris. Apex of fore tibia without a tooth on outer side; hind coxa in female without a vertical or oblique groove on inner side; hind tibia with a fringe of close long hairs on inner side; insertion of tibial spurs in an area confluent with the tarsus I; tarsal claw simple. Fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS by at least 0.5 its length, often by its own length or more; fore wing without areolet, 3rs-m absent; 2m-cu with two close bullae, or rarely with one; hind wing with abscissa of CU spectral. Metasomal tergite I fused with sternite, without dorsolateral carina and with spiracle near its apical 0.35; glymma absent; metasomal tergites II–IV with pendant laterotergites; thyridium on metasomal tergite II present or absent. Ovipositor usually straight, rarely downcurved, extending beyond apex of metasoma; ovipositor without a subapical notch.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/882B87A72D77FFD14CE84FACD5F5FF28	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Giovanni, Filippo Di;Varga, Oleksandr	Giovanni, Filippo Di, Varga, Oleksandr (2021): First record of the subfamily Brachycyrtinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from continental Africa, with description of three new species. Zootaxa 4985 (2): 203-218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.2.4
882B87A72D74FFD64CE84A28D330FD0A.text	882B87A72D74FFD64CE84A28D330FD0A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachycyrtus antoninoi Di Giovanni 2021	<div><p>Brachycyrtus antoninoi Di Giovanni, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 1A–C, 2A–D)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3B6BB6FE-A670-4980-86B2-9432018BA2D6</p> <p>Examined material. Holotype: ♀, “ UGANDA - Kibale N. P./ <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.357805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.5650278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.357805/lat 0.5650278)">Kanyawara Biol. Station</a> / 00°33’54,1”N – 30°21’28,1”E / 22-29.VIII.2010 / 1504m — Malaise trap / S. Katusabe &amp; Co. leg.” (TUZ). Paratypes: ♀, “ Kakamega Forest / 18.xii.1970 // KENYA / A. E. Stubbs / N. M. 1972-211” (NHM). ♀, “[KENYA] van Someren / Meru, 7/43 // V. G. L. van Someren / Collection / Brit. Mus. 1959-468” (NHM).</p> <p>Description. Body length about 5.3 mm. Fore wing length 3.7 mm. Body with a moderately dense covering of short, fine, white setae.</p> <p>Head (Figs 1B–C, 2A). Face about 0.8× as high as maximum wide; face polished, with just few discernible but shallow punctures; clypeus smooth, shining and without punctures, apical margin subtruncate; malar space about 0.5–0.6× as basal width of mandible; mandible with few small longitudinal striae near teeth; eye strongly emarginate opposite antennal socket; vertex, temple and gena polished, with inconspicuous punctures; temple narrowed behind eye (in dorsal view), gena about 0.5× as transverse diameter of eye (in lateral view); occipital carina slightly marked ventrally, joining hypostomal carina above mandible base, hypostomal carina slightly elevated; ocular-ocellar distance about 0.8× the maximum diameter of posterior ocellus, about 0.7× the distance between posterior ocelli; flagellum with 26 flagellomeres, subclavate, with last nine flagellomeres clearly enlarged; first flagellomere about 4.3–4.5× as apically wide, second flagellomere 2.6–2.7× as apically wide.</p> <p>Mesosoma (Figs 1C, 2A, 2C). Pronotum polished, with inconspicuous punctures on posterior upper hind corner; epomia straight, flange-like and extending to dorsal edge; pronotum with few small wrinkles on ventral corner between epomia and posterior margin. Mesoscutum subpolished, strongly punctate to rugose-punctate medially, densely punctate on lateral sides; notauli absent; scuto-scutellar groove with small longitudinal ridges; scutellum subpolished, with dense but shallow punctures; scutellum with carinae extending to about 0.75× of its length. Mesopleuron polished, with dense punctures on anterior and on ventral half, on posterior half with fine longitudinal striae, some of which connected to the mesopleural furrow; sternaulus small, extending approximately to half of mesopleuron, straight and crenulate; epicnemial carina present, ending opposite to ventral angle of pronotum, epicnemial carina strongly elevated ventrally in the middle, between fore coxae; posterior transverse carina of mesosternum absent at level of mid coxae, present medially. Metapleuron subpolished, with dense but shallow punctures all over its surface, and with small longitudinal striae ventrally just above hind coxa. Propodeum subpolished; anterior transverse carina complete; area basalis obliterated, with a short longitudinal carina joining anterior transversa carina and anterior margin of propodeum; posterior transverse carina complete laterally but absent medially, thus area superomedia and area petiolaris joined; area superomedia subpolished and impunctate, area petiolaris with small transverse striae; area externa with dense but shallow punctures; area dentipara with few inconspicuous punctures on subpolished surface; area lateralis with dense but shallow punctures; pleural carina complete; propodeal spiracle sub-oval.</p> <p>Wings (Fig. 1A). Fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS by about 0.7× the length of 1cu-a; 2rs-m about 0.6× as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Hind wing with abscissa of CU present but spectral, CU about as long as cu-a (i.e., nervellus intercepted in the middle in Townes’ morphological nomenclature).</p> <p>Metasoma (Figs 1A, 2B, 2D). Polished with fine setiferous punctures on postpetiole and all metasomal tergites; metasomal tergite II with thyridia present, oblique; tergite II about 1.8× as apically wide, and about as long as tergite I. Ovipositor sheath about as long as hind tibia; ovipositor straight.</p> <p>Colour. Face, clypeus, gena, mandible except teeth, palpi, outer side of scape light yellow; area behind antennal base, vertex, occiput black (black areas connected); teeth and inner side of scape brown; antenna yellowish basally, yellowish–brown medially, reddish–brown apically, last segments brown. Mesosoma yellow and black; a large central band and two lateral small bands on mesoscutum, scuto-scutellar groove and suture between scutellum and postscutellum, scutellum basally and medially, front margin of mesopleuron, a small band running from the center of mesopleuron to the mesopleural suture, a relatively large longitudinal band on ventral half of mesopleuron, anterior margin of metapleuron, and area of propodeum anterior to anterior transverse carina black; tegula dark brown. Fore and mid coxae, trochanters and trochantelli pale yellow; fore and mid femurs, tibiae and tarsi yellow; hind coxa black marked at the base and on outer side; hind trochantellus and hind femur yellow, hind trochanter and longitudinal stripes along inner and outer sides of hind femur dark brown; hind tibia slightly darkened basally, pale yellow subbasally and on outer side, darkened on ventral side and apically; hind tarsi reddish–brown, slightly darker apically. Metasomal tergite I black with two pale yellow spots apically, almost touching; metasomal tergite II and III black medially, reddish–brown laterally, with two yellow spots apically; metasomal tergites IV–VI black medially and reddish–brown laterally or entirely reddish–brown, with two yellow spots apically, apical margin reddish–brown; metasomal tergite VII reddish–brown with yellow marks slightly visible laterally at the apex, apical margin with narrow lighter line. Veins and pterostigma dark brown. Ovipositor sheaths reddish–brown.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Variation. Black area on vertex reduced and not connected to black area on occiput in the specimen from Meru, Kenya; black longitudinal band on ventral half of mesopleuron reduced to two small patches in the specimen from Meru, Kenya, while it is extended ventrally on mesosternum in the specimen from Kakamega, Kenya.</p> <p>Biology. Unknown.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Brachycyrtus antoninoi sp. n. can be distinguished from all the other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters: eye strongly emarginate opposite antennal socket; flagellum with 26 flagellomeres, subclavate, with last nine flagellomeres clearly enlarged; gena about 0.35× as transverse diameter of eye (in lateral view); occipital carina joining hypostomal carina above mandible base; scuto-scutellar groove with small longitudinal ridges; mesopleuron with dense punctures anteriorly and on ventral half, posteriorly with fine longitudinal striae; epicnemial carina strongly elevated ventrally in the middle, between fore coxae; metapleuron subpolished, with dense but shallow punctures all over its surface, and with small longitudinal striae ventrally just above hind coxa; propodeum with area superomedia and area petiolaris joined, area superomedia coriaceous and area petiolaris with small transverse striae; fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS and 2rs-m about 0.6× as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with nervellus intercepted in the middle; metasomal tergite II with thyridia present; ovipositor straight; metasomal tergite I black with two pale yellow spots apically, almost touching; metasomal tergite II and III black medially, reddish–brown laterally, with two yellow spots apically; metasomal tergites IV–VI black medially and reddish–brown laterally or entirely reddish–brown.</p> <p>Distribution. Kenya and Uganda.</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after the first author’s father, Antonino Di Giovanni, who spent more than 30 years working in Kenya.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/882B87A72D74FFD64CE84A28D330FD0A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Giovanni, Filippo Di;Varga, Oleksandr	Giovanni, Filippo Di, Varga, Oleksandr (2021): First record of the subfamily Brachycyrtinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from continental Africa, with description of three new species. Zootaxa 4985 (2): 203-218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.2.4
882B87A72D73FFDB4CE8484AD099F930.text	882B87A72D73FFDB4CE8484AD099F930.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachycyrtus cerrettii Di Giovanni 2021	<div><p>Brachycyrtus cerrettii Di Giovanni, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 3A–C, 4A–F)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4052A81A-1555-4172-A048-5449BC3C8278</p> <p>Material examined. Holotype: ♀, “ UGANDA / Kibale National Park / Kanyawara Biol. Station / 23– 30.01.2011 / leg. S. Katusabe &amp; Co. // Malaise trap (2) / Alt. 1510 m / 00:33:55,6N 30:21:29E // TUZ023081 ” (TUZ).</p> <p>Description. Female, holotype. Body length about 5.0 mm. Fore wing length about 4.1 mm. Body with a moderately dense covering of short, fine, white setae.</p> <p>Head (Figs 3 A–C, 4A). Face about 0.9× as high as maximum wide; face polished, with just few discernible but shallow punctures; clypeus smooth, shining and without punctures, apical margin evenly and gently curved; malar space about 0.4× as basal width of mandible; mandible smooth and impunctate; eye strongly emarginate opposite antennal socket; vertex, temple and gena polished, with inconspicuous punctures; temple strongly narrowed behind eye (in dorsal view), gena about 0.35× as transverse diameter of eye (in lateral view); occipital carina strongly marked ventrally, joining hypostomal carina above mandible base, hypostomal carina slightly elevated; ocularocellar distance about 0.8× the maximum diameter of posterior ocellus, about 0.5× the distance between posterior ocelli; flagellum with 31 flagellomeres, with last nine flagellomeres just slightly enlarged; first flagellomere about 4.5–5.0× as apically wide, second flagellomere 3.2–3.5× as apically wide.</p> <p>Mesosoma (Figs 3C, 4A, 4C). Pronotum polished, with inconspicuous punctures on posterior upper hind corner; epomia straight, flange-like and extending to dorsal edge; pronotum with few small wrinkles on ventral corner between epomia and posterior margin. Mesoscutum subpolished, strongly punctate, punctures denser in the center and near anterior margin; notauli absent; scuto-scutellar groove with inconspicuous longitudinal ridges; scutellum subpolished, with dense but shallow punctures; scutellum with carinae extending to about 0.6–0.7× of its length. Mesopleuron with dense punctures on anterior and on ventral half, on posterior half polished and without punctures or striae, except for few small striae just below speculum; sternaulus as a shallow groove extending approximately to half of mesopleuron, straight; epicnemial carina present, ending opposite to ventral angle of pronotum, epicnemial carina strongly elevated ventrally in the middle, between fore coxae; posterior transverse carina of mesosternum absent at the level of mid coxae, present medially. Metapleuron polished, with small punctures along anterior and posterior margins, centrally with just few isolated punctures. Propodeum subpolished; anterior transverse carina complete; area basalis obliterated, with a short longitudinal carina joining anterior transverse carina and anterior margin of propodeum; posterior transverse carina complete laterally but absent medially, thus area superomedia and area petiolaris joined; area superomedia smooth and polished centrally, with small transverse striae along margins, area petiolaris with strong transverse striae; area externa with few shallow punctures; area dentipara with few inconspicuous and isolated punctures on polished surface; area lateralis with shallow punctures on polished surface; pleural carina complete; propodeal spiracle sub-oval.</p> <p>Wings (Figs 3A, 4E). Fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS by about 0.6× the length of 1cu-a; 2rs-m about 0.3× as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Hind wing with abscissa of CU present but spectral, CU about 1.3× as cu-a (i.e., nervellus intercepted below the middle in Townes’ morphological nomenclature).</p> <p>Metasoma (Figs 4B, 4D, 4F). Polished with fine setiferous punctures on postpetiole and all metasomal tergites; metasomal tergite II with thyridia present, oblique; tergite II about 2.1–2.2× as apically wide, and about 0.8× the length of tergite I; metasomal tergites II–IV with a large oval to sub-oval membranous area in the center of the tergite. Ovipositor sheath about 1.4× as hind tibia; ovipositor strongly decurved.</p> <p>Colour. Face, clypeus, gena, mandible except teeth, palpi, outer side of scape light yellow; area behind antennal base, vertex, occiput black (black areas connected); teeth and inner side of scape reddish–brown; antenna yellowish basally, yellowish–brown medially, reddish–brown apically, last segments brown. Mesosoma black and yellow; pronotum and propleuron pale yellow, propleuron with dark marks on ventral margin just above fore coxa; mesoscutum black with a squared yellow spot posteriorly in the middle and two yellow hook-like marks on shoulders, central black band of mesoscutum extending to posterior central margin of pronotum; scuto-scutellar groove and suture between scutellum and postscutellum black, scutellum basally and medially black, apically and laterally yellow, postscutellum yellow; tegula yellowish–brown; mesopleuron black, except for subalar prominence and for a diagonal band running from dorsal anterior margin of mesopleuron to the center of mesopleuron pale yellow; metapleuron pale yellow, anterior margin and ventral margin just above hind coxae black; propodeum pale yellow, area of propodeum anterior to anterior transverse carina black. Fore and mid coxae, trochanters and trochantelli pale yellow; fore femur and tibia pale yellow, with yellowish–brown marks dorsally; fore and mid tarsi yellowish–brown; hind coxa mostly black, with pale yellow marks; hind tronchantellus and hind femur pale yellow, hind trochanter and longitudinal stripes along inner and outer sides of hind femur dark brown; hind tibia dark brown, slightly lighter subbasally and on the outer side; hind tarsi brown. Metasomal tergite I black with pale yellow band apically; metasomal tergite II black on the basal 0.75, reddish apically and on lateral margins; metasomal tergite III black on basal half, yellowish–red on apical half; following metasomal tergites yellowish–red. Veins and pterostigma reddish–brown. Ovipositor sheaths brown.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p>Biology. Unknown.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Brachycyrtus cerrettii sp. n. can be distinguished from all the other species of the genus by the unusual presence of large oval to sub-oval membranous area in the center of the metasomal tergites II–IV and strongly decurved ovipositor. In addition, it can be distinguished by the combination of the following characters: eye strongly emarginate opposite antennal socket; flagellum with 31 flagellomeres, with last nine flagellomeres just slightly enlarged; gena about 0.35× as transverse diameter of eye (in lateral view); occipital carina joining hypostomal carina above mandible base; scuto-scutellar groove with inconspicuous longitudinal ridges; posterior half of mesopleuron polished and without punctures or striae, except for few small striae just below speculum; epicnemial carina strongly elevated ventrally in the middle, between fore coxae; metapleuron centrally polished and with just few isolated punctures; propodeum with area superomedia and area petiolaris joined, area superomedia polished centrally, with small transverse striae along margins, and area petiolaris with strong transverse striae; fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS and 2rs-m about 0.3× as long as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with nervellus intercepted below the middle; metasomal tergite II with thyridia present; metasomal tergite I black with pale yellow band apically; metasomal tergite II and III black basally, yellowish–red apically, following metasomal tergites yellowish–red.</p> <p>Distribution. Uganda, known only from the holotype.</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named in honour of Prof. Pierfilippo Cerretti, a renowned expert of Diptera Tachinidae and Rhinophoridae, who was the supervisor of the first author during his Ph.D and spent years working on the Afrotropical flies.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/882B87A72D73FFDB4CE8484AD099F930	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Giovanni, Filippo Di;Varga, Oleksandr	Giovanni, Filippo Di, Varga, Oleksandr (2021): First record of the subfamily Brachycyrtinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from continental Africa, with description of three new species. Zootaxa 4985 (2): 203-218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.2.4
882B87A72D7EFFD94CE84C50D314F844.text	882B87A72D7EFFD94CE84C50D314F844.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachycyrtus lucchii Di Giovanni & Varga 2021	<div><p>Brachycyrtus lucchii Di Giovanni &amp; Varga, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 5A–C, 6A–F)</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ED07C44D-0DBB-4222-B5C7-F223755E3692</p> <p>Examined material. Holotype: ♀, “ ZIMBABWE: Salisbury / Chishawasha / xi.1980 A. Watsham ” (NHM). Paratypes: ♂, “ ZIMBABWE: Salisbury / Chishawasha / xii.1080 / A. Watsham ” (NMH); ♀, “ ZIMBABWE: Salisbury / Chishawasha / i.1981 A. Watsham ” (NMH); ♀, “C. R. S. CA. 419 / [ZIMBABWE] Chipinga Distr. S. R. / 6/1/1975 / ex Chrysopid pupa / Coll: R. Hill / C5, 210” (NHM); 2♀♀, “RHODESIA [ZIMBABWE]: Salisbury / Chishawasha / v.78 A. Watsham ” (NMH); ♀, “RHODESIA [ZIMBABWE]: Salisbury / Chishawasha / i.1979 A. Watsham ” (NHM); ♀, “RHODESIA [ZIMBABWE] / Chishawasha / x.1979 / A. Watsham ” (NHM); ♀, “ ZAMBIA / 15 km E. Lusaka / 4-15.xii.1979 / R. A. Beaver ” (NHM); ♂, “ ZAMBIA / 15 km E. Lusaka / 11-21.i.1980 / R. A. Beaver ” (NHM); ♂, “ ZAMBIA / Lusaka / 1-14.iv.1980 / R. A. Beaver ” (NHM); ♀, “ T867 // UGANDA / Kawanda // xii.1947 / T. H. C. Taylor ” (NHM); ♀, “ TANZANIA T. A. R. O. / Ilonga, Kilosa / J. Kabrissa // Mallada pupa / coll: 10/6/91 cotton / para: 27/6/91 wasp // Brachycyrtus sp. det. L. Ficken ‘92” (NHM); ♀, “ TANZANIA T. A. R. O. / Ilonga, Kilosa / J. Kabrissa // Mallada larva on cotton / coll: 3/5/ 91 pupa 14/5/91 / para emer: 29/5/91 // Brachycyrtus sp. det. L. Ficken ‘92” (NHM). ♀, “ KENYA, Nairobi Prov., ICIPE campus, Kasarani, 1.22317ºS, 36.89653ºE, 1600 m, Malaise trap, nr. stream, meadow in degraded shrub-/ grassland, 1–7.iv.2014, leg. R. Copeland ” (ICIPE); ♀, “ KENYA, Nairobi Prov., Kasarani, ICIPE, Duduville campus, ‘ Eco-farm’, 1°13’18.0”S, 36°53’48.0”E, 16– 21.xii.2012, leg. A. Gumovsky ” (SIZK); ♂, ♀, “idem., 9–11.xii.2012, leg. A. Gumovsky ” (SIZK).</p> <p>Description. Body length about 4.1–4.2 mm. Fore wing length 2.9 mm. Body with a moderately dense covering of short, fine, white setae.</p> <p>Head (Figs 5A–C, 6A). Face about 0.8× as high as maximum wide; face polished, with dense and strong punctures; clypeus smooth, shining and without punctures, apical margin evenly and gently curved; malar space about 0.9× as basal width of mandible; eye strongly emarginate opposite antennal socket; frons and vertex polished with small and dense punctures, temple and gena polished, with inconspicuous punctures; temple narrowed behind eye (in dorsal view), gena about 0.45× as transverse diameter of eye (in lateral view); occipital carina strongly marked ventrally, joining hypostomal carina above mandible base, hypostomal carina slightly elevated; ocular-ocellar distance as long as the maximum diameter of posterior ocellus, about 0.3× the distance between posterior ocelli; flagellum with 28 flagellomeres, with last nine flagellomeres just slightly enlarged; first flagellomere about 4.0–4.2× as apically wide, second flagellomere about 2.7× as apically wide.</p> <p>Mesosoma (Figs 5C, 6A, 6C). Pronotum polished, with inconspicuous punctures on posterior upper hind corner; epomia straight, flange-like and extending to dorsal edge; pronotum with few small wrinkles on ventral corner between epomia and posterior margin. Mesoscutum subpolished, strongly punctate to rugose-punctate medially, densely punctate on lateral sides; notauli absent; scuto-scutellar groove with small longitudinal ridges; scutellum subpolished, with dense punctures; scutellum with carinae extending to about 0.7× of its length. Mesopleuron polished, with dense punctures on anterior and on ventral half, on posterior half with fine longitudinal striae near to its posterior margin; sternaulus small and shallow, straight, punctate-crenulate; epicnemial carina present, ending opposite to ventral angle of pronotum, epicnemial carina strongly elevated ventrally in the middle, between fore coxae; posterior transverse carina of mesosternum absent at level of mid coxae, present medially. Metapleuron subpolished, with punctures along margins and just above hind coxa, central part without punctures or with few isolated punctures. Propodeum mat and coriaceous; anterior transverse carina complete; area basalis obliterated, with a short longitudinal carina joining anterior transversa carina and anterior margin of propodeum; posterior transverse carina complete laterally but absent medially, thus area superomedia and area petiolaris joined; area superomedia coriaceous and without punctures, area petiolaris with transverse striae; area externa with dense punctures on coriaceous surface; area dentipara with just few scattered punctures on coriaceous surface; area lateralis with dense punctures on coriaceous surface; pleural carina complete; propodeal spiracle sub-oval.</p> <p>Wings (Figs 5A, 6E). Fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS by about 0.45× the length of 1cu-a; 2rs-m about 0.25× as long as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Hind wing with abscissa of CU present but spectral, CU slightly shorter or slightly longer than cu-a (i.e., nervellus intercepted just above or just below the middle respectively, in Townes’ morphological nomenclature).</p> <p>Metasoma (Figs 6B, 6D, 6F). Polished with fine setiferous punctures on postpetiole and all metasomal tergites; metasomal tergite II with thyridia present, oblique; tergite II about 2.1× as apically wide, and about 0.9× the length of tergite I. Ovipositor sheath about as long as hind tibia; ovipositor straight.</p> <p>Colour. Face, clypeus, gena, mandible except teeth, palpi, scape light yellow; vertex and a patch on dorsal part of occiput black with indistinct margins; teeth reddish–brown; antenna light yellow basally, yellowish–red apically. Mesosoma yellow and black; one central and two lateral bands on mesoscutum, scuto-scutellar groove, suture between scutellum and postscutellum, a small vertical band on mesopleuron near to mesopleural suture, a narrow band on propodeum anterior to anterior transverse carina, insertion point of petiole black; tegula yellowish–brown. Fore and mid coxae, trochanters and trochantelli pale yellow; fore and mid femurs, tibiae and tarsi yellow; hind leg yellow, hind trochanter, hind femur in the middle, hind tibia basally, apically and on inner side slightly yellowish–red to yellowish–brown; last tarsomere of all legs brownish–black. Metasomal tergite I pale yellow with an undefined yellowish–brown patch dorsally in the middle; metasomal tergite II black at the base, yellowish–brown in the middle, pale yellow at the apex and on lateral margins; other metasomal tergites yellowish–brown basally, pale yellow apically; on metasomal tergites II and III the dark areas tend to form a horseshoe drawing, i.e., apical yellow part extending forward at the center of the tergite. Veins and pterostigma yellowish–brown. Ovipositor sheaths brown.</p> <p>Male. As in the female. Aedeagus and parameres as in Fig. 6B; the paramere is produced in an elongate spine, similar in shape to parameres of ichneumonids of subfamily Mesochorinae; this is an unusual shape for parameres of Darwin wasps males, which is found very rarely outside the subfamily Mesochorinae (e.g., Baltazar 1964)</p> <p>Variation. Head: in lighter specimens, head entirely yellow and black area reduced to just around ocelli; in darker specimens, black patch on dorsal part of occiput more extended and connected to the black vertex. Two males from Zambia with 27 flagellomeres. Mesosoma: in lighter specimens, black patches reduced and with indistinct reddish–brown margins, black patch on mesopleuron and band on propodeum reduced to absent; in darker specimens, black patches more extended and sharper, sternaulus with small brownish–black patch and vertical line along anterior margin of metapleuron black. Metasoma: in lighter specimens, metasomal tergite II black at the base, with the black area forming an evenly sharper band on the basal 0.3, remaining of the tergite yellowish–red then pale yellow on the apical 0.25; metasomal tergite III with a very narrow black band at the base (sometimes absent), remaining of the tergite yellowish–red then pale yellow on the apical 0.25; following tergites reddish basally, pale yellow apically, rarely slightly darker at the base; in darker specimens, horseshoe drawing on metasomal tergites II, III and sometimes IV darker and sharper, dark part more extended laterally and defined, in contrast with the remaining part of the tergite yellow.</p> <p>Biology. One specimen from Zimbabwe was obtained from a generic unidentified chrysopid pupa. Two specimens from Tanzania were obtained from Mallada sp. (Chrysopidae) collected in cotton fields. Likely, the Brachycyrtus collected in Tanzania and preserved at NHM are those mentioned in Kabissa et al. (1996); the authors obtained Brachycyrtus sp. from pupae of field collected larvae of Mallada desjardinsi (Navás, 1911) (Kabissa et al. 1996). Probably the name on the labels “J. Kabrissa” is a misspelling for J. C. B. Kabissa, the author of the 1996 paper. According to the label, at least in one case a female was obtained from a larva of Mallada, suggesting that in this species oviposition is in the host larva and emergence is from the host pupa. This is an unusual finding, since all the reliable known host records for Brachycyrtinae report them as parasitoids of pupae and prepupae of chrysopids (Gauld 2000). Further rearings in the future may help clarify the biology of this species and whether this record is reliable or not.</p> <p>Differential diagnosis. Brachycyrtus lucchii sp. n. can be distinguished from all the other species of the genus by the combination of the following characters: eye strongly emarginate opposite antennal socket; flagellum with with 27–28 flagellomeres, with last nine flagellomeres just slightly enlarged; gena about 0.45× as transverse diameter of eye (in lateral view); occipital carina joining hypostomal carina above mandible base; scuto-scutellar groove with small longitudinal ridges; mesopleuron with dense punctures on anterior and on ventral half, on posterior half with fine longitudinal striae near to its posterior margin; epicnemial carina strongly elevated ventrally in the middle, between fore coxae; metapleuron subpolished, with punctures along margins and just above hind coxa, central part without punctures or with few isolated punctures; propodeum with area basalis obliterated, area superomedia and area petiolaris joined, area superomedia coriaceous and without punctures, area petiolaris with transverse striae; fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS by about 0.45× the length of 1cu-a; 2rs-m about 0.25× as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; metasomal tergite II with thyridia present; ovipositor straight; male parameres elongate, metasomal tergite I pale yellow with an undefined yellowish–brown patch dorsally in the middle; metasomal tergite II black at the base, yellowish–brown to yellowish–red in the middle, pale yellow at the apex and on lateral margins; other metasomal tergites dark brown to yellowish–brown basally, pale yellow apically; the dark areas on metasomal tergites II and III, and sometimes IV tend to form a defined horseshoe drawing in darker specimens.</p> <p>Distribution. Eastern and southern part of Africa.</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named in honour of Prof. Andrea Lucchi, for his contributions in agricultural entomology and biological control.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/882B87A72D7EFFD94CE84C50D314F844	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Giovanni, Filippo Di;Varga, Oleksandr	Giovanni, Filippo Di, Varga, Oleksandr (2021): First record of the subfamily Brachycyrtinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from continental Africa, with description of three new species. Zootaxa 4985 (2): 203-218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.2.4
882B87A72D7BFFDE4CE84BF5D4A9FDE5.text	882B87A72D7BFFDE4CE84BF5D4A9FDE5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer 1880	<div><p>Key to Brachycyrtus of continental Africa</p> <p>1 Metasomal tergites II–IV with a large oval to sub-oval membranous area in the center of the tergite. Mesopleuron on posterior half polished, without punctures or striae. Female ovipositor strongly decurved. Male unknown..................................................................................................... B. cerrettii Di Giovanni, sp. n.</p> <p>- Metasomal tergites II–IV normal. Mesopleuron on posterior half with fine longitudinal striae, at least at level of episternal scrobe. Female ovipositor straight......................................................................... 2</p> <p>2 Metapleuron with dense but shallow punctures all over its surface. Propodeum subpolished. Fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS by about 0.7× the length of 1cu-a and 2rs-m about 0.6× as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Gena about 0.35× as transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Male unknown................. B. antoninoi Di Giovanni, sp. n.</p> <p>- Metapleuron with punctures along margins and just above hind coxa, central part without punctures or with few isolated punctures. Propodeum mat and coriaceous. Fore wing with 1cu-a distal to M&amp;RS by about 0.45× the length of 1cu-a and 2rs-m about 0.25× as the section of 1m-cu&amp;M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Gena about 0.45× as transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Male paramere strongly elongate, rod-like............................... B. lucchii Di Giovanni &amp; Varga, sp. n.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/882B87A72D7BFFDE4CE84BF5D4A9FDE5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Giovanni, Filippo Di;Varga, Oleksandr	Giovanni, Filippo Di, Varga, Oleksandr (2021): First record of the subfamily Brachycyrtinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from continental Africa, with description of three new species. Zootaxa 4985 (2): 203-218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4985.2.4
