taxonID	type	description	language	source
9B2BF5744A2CEE5BFF6CE8FBDCEAFD69.taxon	diagnosis	Emended diagnosis: Small to medium-sized (10 – 28 mm.). Body coloration reddish-brown or yellowish-brown (rarely dark brown) or paler in the troglobitic species. Body moderately to distinctly elongated. Head ovate in frontal view; vertex strongly curved and almost straight to roundly angulate junction with the front; space between antennal sockets very narrow (one-fifth to two-fifths of the antennal scapus). Eyes in troglophilic species are normally pigmented, small, subtriangular, and smaller than the scapus; in troglobitic species, they are reduced in size and only partly pigmented or absent. Ocelli absent. Maxillary palpi long, slender, third and fourth segments almost straight and subequal, fifth segment upcurved, distally broadened and compressed. Legs elongated and longer in troglobitic specimens; fore tibia without tympana; fore and mid tibiae with two apical spurs on each side; hind tibia mostly with three apical spurs on each side. Tegmina generally absent, if present, thick and shiny. Abdomen with or without median glandular orifices in the inter-segmental membrane beneath the hind margins of tergites (the number of orifices and the tergite they occur vary interspecifically); cerci very long and thin; distal valves of ovipositor laterally compressed, little broader than the shaft, narrowly lanceolate with smooth margins and sharp tip. Male genitalia: Mostly tubuliform, elongated or compacted; ectophallic fold membranous or moderately sclerotized, pseudepiphallic median lophi with a medial notch with different forms; arc short and poorly up-curved; pseudepiphallic paramere with or without additional projections, endophallic apodeme usually membranous; endophallic sclerite generally sclerotized; ectophallic apodeme slim (except Venegascophus species); in continental species the rami is wide and curved, giving the genitalia a cylinder shape at base; in insular species, the rami is thin, but in all species separated basally. Taxa included: West Indian taxa: Otteius (Type genus: 1 species from Cuba), Cubacophus (4 species from Cuba and Cayman Islands) and Dominicophus Yong, 2017 (2 species Hispaniola). Continental taxa: Paracophus Chopard, 1947 (3 species — Northeast Mexico: Cohauila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas), Tohila Hubbell, 1938 (1 species — Yucatan, Mexico), Hubbellcophus n. gen. (4 species — Northeast Mexico: Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro and Hidalgo), Venegascophus n. gen. (2 species — Northeast Mexico: Tamaulipas) and Hortacophus n. gen. (1 species — Northeast Mexico: Tamaulipas and San Luis Potosí).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2CEE5BFF6CE8FBDCEAFD69.taxon	discussion	Comments. This tribe to date only included the Antillean genera (Ruíz-Baliú & Otte, 1997; Yong, 2017). Hubbell (1972), in his contribution to cave crickets, reviews the genus Paracophus s. l., and makes a comparison with similar genera such as Cophus (Phalangopsidae), Trigonidomimus Caudell, 1912 and Tohila (included in Gryllidae: Pentacentrinae by Hubbell, 1938), the author concludes that although they are similar taxa in their cave life habits, they are not related taxa and therefore are not grouped, and supports that Paracophus s. l. and Cophus should be kept in Phalangopsinae (by then it was a subfamily of Gryllidae) and closer to Amphiacusta than to the other genera, which he kept them in Pentacentrinae. Recently, Gorochov (2014) included Otteiini as a valid tribe of the subfamily Phalangopsinae (Phalangopsidae) and revalidated the genus Cubacophus previously synonymized under Cophus by Otte & Perez-Gelabert (2009), and accepted the changes of tribe and genus names proposed by Koçak & Kemal (2009). Furthermore, Gorochov suggests that according to the characteristics of the male genitalia “ the spermatophore is with a rather long collum (= neck, narrow part between ampulla and anchora or attachment plate of spermatophore) which is formed in these folds. If it is correct, this character is unique for Phalangopsinae and other cricket taxa ”. When studying the continental genera Tohila and Paracophus and comparing their external morphology and genitalia structures, their relationship with the Caribbean Otteiini was evident, so it is necessary to include them in the same tribe. On the other hand, when comparing the status of the Caribbean taxa of the tribe, these are separated into three genera, mainly by the presence or absence of the glandular organ on the third and fourth tergites, developedment of apical spurs, and variations on “ epiphallus ” = pseudepiphallic median lophi (Ruíz-Baliú & Otte, 1997; Yong, 2017). Due to the necessity of providing uniform treatment to all taxa of the tribe (both continental and Antillean), two options arise: 1) Include all species in a single genus with multiple species groups or subgenera. 2) Follow the traditional line, in which the three Antillean genera remain valid, and delimit the continental taxa. We choose the second option, followed by those who have contributed to this tribe in the past (Ruíz-Baliú & Otte, 1997; Yong, 2017; Gorochov, 2014). Thus, a key to genera identification and differentiation is provided, and the genera and species are described ignoring the characters already mentioned for the tribe:	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2EEE5BFF6CED13D81BF8B5.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 30553	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2EEE5BFF6CED13D81BF8B5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes not reduced (as long as scapus) and normally pigmented (Fig. 1 A). Anterior margin of pronotum with conspicuous setae; lateral lobes of pronotum not expanded laterally and without carinae dividing the pronotal disc and the lateral lobes. Male tegmina thickened, covering about half of the abdomen and without stridulation file, veins longitudinally distributed, hind wings as small rudiments (Fig. 1). Female tegmina ovoid, not touching dorsally, being as lateral pads and extended to metanotum. Legs relatively short and stout, hind tibia with two dorsal spurs on each margin; all tarsi slender and very elongated, first tarsomere unarmed dorsally and as long as half of its respective tibiae (Fig. 2). Abdominal tergites unspecialized; male epiproctus subtriangular, wider than long, with straight margins and rounded apex. Cerci very slender and extremely elongated longer than the body (Fig. 1 B). Ovipositor nearly straight, four-fifths as long as the hind femur, apex slender and briefly lanceolate (Fig. 2). Male genitalia: compact, ectophallic fold membranous and poorly developed; pseudepiphallic median lophi with a wide medial notch; pseudepiphallic paramere rounded, undivided and with several hairs at apex; endophallic apodeme moderately sclerotized, with cartilaginous appearance and connected to endophallic sclerite which is well sclerotized; ectophallic apodeme slim, curved in lateral view and with braches divergent. Taxa included. Tohila atelomma Hubbell, 1938.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2EEE5BFF6CED13D81BF8B5.taxon	discussion	Comments. Hubbell (1938) originally included Tohila, in the subfamily Pentacentrinae, and moved Lissotrachelus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 and Trigonidomimus Caudell, 1912 to the same subfamily. The three genera were placed within the tribe Lissotrachelini, also proposed by the author. However, posteriorly he compared Tohila and Trigonidomimus with Paracophus and Cophus, but maintained his position in keeping them in Pentacentrinae (Hubbell, 1972). Desutter (1987; 1990) suggests an uncertain position, but since then, no additional specimens have been studied, nor any new taxonomic position has been proposed for Tohila. In this contribution, it is suggested to place it in the tribe Otteiini, as it fits the external morphology and genitalia characters, mentioned in the diagnosis provided here. Tohila is the genus with more developed tegmina of the tribe, and the male genitalia is similar to the structure of Venegascophus n. gen., especially in the shape of the dorsal edges of the lateral lophi.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A28EE5EFF6CE86CDCEBFA33.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 28340	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A28EE5EFF6CE86CDCEBFA33.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes not reduced (as wide as half of scapus) and normally pigmented (Fig. 3, 5). Pronotum subquadrate, little broader than long, anterior and posterior margins weakly concave, side margins broadly convex with anterior portion wider than mid-portion, lower parts of lateral lobes separated from disk by a shallow curved impression (Fig. 7 A, E, I). Male tegmina mostly covering by pronotal disc, thickened, very short and broad, covering the weakly sclerotized mesonotum, their distal margins gently convex, outer and inner angles rounded, inner margins slightly overlapping; venation indistinct; stridulatory file present and functional (Fig. 7 A, E, I). Female tegmina reduced to minute oval lateral rudiments, often hidden under the edge of pronotum. Legs relatively short and stout, hind tibia with four dorsal spurs on each margin; all tarsi slender and elongated, first tarsomere armed dorsally and as long as a third of its respective tibiae (Fig. 3 A, 5 A). Abdominal tergites unspecialized (glandular apparatus present); male epiproctus subtriangular, as wide as long, with straight margins and rounded apex (Fig. 3 B, 5 D). Cerci slender and barely longer than the hind femur (Fig. 3, 5). Ovipositor slightly decurved, three-fourths as long as the hind femur, apex dorsally rounded and distally sharp (Fig. 3 E). Male genitalia: tubuliform and elongate; ectophallic fold membranous; pseudepiphallic median lophi with a medial notch and, on the posterior lateral borders, with a spine-shaped projection that curves upward in lateral view; pseudepiphallic paramere with three projections, one ventrally and two posteriorly; endophallic apodeme moderately sclerotized, with cartilaginous appearance and connected to endophallic sclerite which is well sclerotized; ectophallic apodeme slim, curved in lateral view and parallel one branch with the other (Fig. 4, 6). Taxa included: Paracophus subapterus Chopard, 1947 (Type species), P. velazquezi n. sp. and P. victoriensis n. sp.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A28EE5EFF6CE86CDCEBFA33.taxon	discussion	Comments. In the original description of the genus, two species were described Paracophus apterus Chopard, 1947 and P. subapterus. Chopard (1947) described Paracophus, comparing it with Cophus, but differentiating them mainly by the armament of the hind tibia. Subsequently, Hubbell (1972) published a complete review of the genus, expanding the morphological diagnostic characteristics, describing six additional species, and dividing them into two species groups, according to the morphology derived from their adaptations for cave life. Hubbell, differs from Chopard, arguing that Paracophus does not belong to the same group of Cophus, and suggest Paracophus may be more related to Tohila and Trigonidomimus (currently in Pentacentrinae). Finally, Desutter (1987, 1990) places the genus in the Luzarae group (Luzarinae: Luzarini). Since Hubbell’s review, no new species or records have been added for Paracophus, and its status has not been reviewed. With additional specimens studied in the present contribution, it is suggested to include this genus in the tribe Otteiini of the subfamily Phalangopsinae, supporting Chopard’s initial opinion, in which it is established that Paracophus and Cophus belong to the same group. It is necessary to divide this genus into three additional genera: Hubbellcophus n. gen., Venegascophus n. gen. and Hortacophus n. gen., described later in this paper.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2BEE51FF6CEBACD9BCFB3F.taxon	description	(Fig. 3, 4, 7 A-D, 8 A) http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 514180	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2BEE51FF6CEBACD9BCFB3F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Dedicated to the engineer Edgar Velazquez from the Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico (Victoria campus), for all the support offered to the first author in the different academic procedures.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2BEE51FF6CEBACD9BCFB3F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. Male. Mexico, Tamaulipas, Mirador Altas Cumbres, close to Balcon de Montezuma. 23.6059, - 99.2049. 1260 m. 12 february 2016, O. J. Cadena-Castañeda & M. González leg. (CAUD). Paratypes. 1 male and 1 female immature, 1 subadult female, all specimens with the same data as holotype.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2BEE51FF6CEBACD9BCFB3F.taxon	description	Description. Male. Mid-sized for the genus, the whole body is covered with small hairs, giving it a tomentose texture. Coloration. Ocher brown all over the body (Fig. 3 A, B), black eyes (Fig. 3 C), and the lower border of the cephalic capsule outlined in black at the level of the genae. Meso-, metanotum and first abdominal tergite with a darker tonality than the rest of the body (Fig. 3 A). Head. Rounded, frons between antennal scapes very narrow; all ocelli reduced and not visible, eyes small and triangular-shaped in lateral view (Fig. 3 C). Maxillary palp with five palpomeres, first and second shorter, third larger than fourth, and the fifth-largest is curved and rounded at apex. Thorax. Pronotal disc longer than wide and with curved dorsal edge in lateral view (Fig. 3 A), straight anterior and posterior edges in the dorsal view, lateral lobes with rounded edges and moderately expanded, especially in the anterior half. Mesonotum with the dorsal surface sclerotized (visible when the wings are removed), metanotum as long and wide as the first abdominal segment and without any modification (Fig. 3 B). Wings. Tegmina thickened, with diffuse venation and functional stridulating file, hind wings absent (Fig. 3 B). Legs. Coxae broad and moderately elongated; fore and mid femur laterally compressed and without spines, fore and mid tibiae with three small spines on each ventral margin, ventral apex with two mobile spurs of similar size, tarsomeres dorsally unarmed, first tarsomere notoriously elongated, the second tarsomere reduced. Hind femur with a median line that goes from the base to the apex crossing the entire external face at the middle, additionally on the external face of the hind femur, faint whitish-yellow stripes cross from the dorsal edge to the midline of the femur; hind tibia with 4 spurs on each dorsal margin, the apex of the tibia with three spurs on outer and inner margin, medial spur the longest and the dorsal spur the smallest; first tarsomere elongated with two rows of dorsal denticulations with seven denticles on each row, also with one apical spurs on each side. Abdomen. Tergal glands between the fourth to seventh segments little visible and located between intersegmental membranes, slightly raising the dorsal margin of the posterior edge of the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh abdominal segment. Epiproctus subtriangular, wider than long; cerci as long as the hind femur; subgenital plate rectangular, longer than wide, with a straight posterior edge (Fig. 3 B). Genitalia. Pseudepiphallic median lophi elongated, with a moderately deep “ U ” shaped notch; lateral lophi moderately prolonged and with a rounded distal edge in dorsal view (Fig. 4 A, B); in lateral view, extended into a conspicuous spine and a smaller spine posteriorly, both at the apex (Fig. 4 C); ectophallic fold membranous, conical and prominent (Fig. 4 A); pseudepiphallic parameres with the distal processes rounded and exceeding the length of the median lophi in ventral view (Fig. 4 B); arc narrow and not up-curved. Endophallic sclerite sclerotized, tubuliform, with three medium-sized processes at the apex; endophallic apodeme with cartilaginous appearance, widened at the base, the anterior border with two undulations, and the posterior portion tapering to connect with the endophallic sclerite (Fig. 4 B). Ectophallic apodeme thin and undulating towards the basal region of the genitalia; rami shoulder blade-shaped, widened in lateral view, and internally concave (Fig. 4 C). Female. Similar to the male in appearance, the paratype female is subadult and does not have wing outlines, as it happens with the adult females of P. subapterus, possibly in its last molt, the tegmina would appear (Fig. 3 D, E). Lager than males and darker; no glandular modification is present on the abdominal tergites; epiproctus triangular and angled apically. ovipositor with lanceolate apex (Fig. 3 E). Measurements (mm): Male holotype: LB: 12. Pr: 2.5. Teg.: 1.1. HF: 8. HT: 8.5. Subadult female paratype: LB: 17.5. Pr: 3.2. HF: 9. HT: 8.8.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A2BEE51FF6CEBACD9BCFB3F.taxon	discussion	Comments. The specimens were collected in an unnamed vertical cavern with a narrow entrance. We raided to a depth of 5 m, from then on, a rugged and deep fall was observed. The species co-inhabits with other Nemoricantor undescribed species, and with frogs that possibly prey on those crickets. Specimens of P. velazquezi n. sp. are very fast, and when they perceive white light, they quickly hide between the cracks, making it difficult to capture (Fig. 8 A).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A24EE56FF6CEABEDC5AFEDE.taxon	description	(Fig. 5, 6, 7 E-H, 8 B) http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 514181	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A24EE56FF6CEABEDC5AFEDE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. It alludes to Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas, on the outskirts of that city, specimens of the type series were collected.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A24EE56FF6CEABEDC5AFEDE.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype. Male. Mexico, Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, “ Parque Recreativo Los Troncones ”. 23.7788, - 99.2150. 400 m. O. J. Cadena-Castañeda & M. Gonzalez leg. (CAUD). Paratype. 3 inmmature females, same data as holotype.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A24EE56FF6CEABEDC5AFEDE.taxon	description	Description. Male. Similar in appearance to P. velazquezi n. sp., with darker tones in its coloration but with the same pattern (Fig. 5). Structure of the head, thorax, tegmina, and legs without variation for the description provided for P. velazquezi n. sp. Abdomen. Tergal glands between the fourth and fifth abdominal tergites, with the posterior edges of these tergites moderately elevated in the dorsal region and accompanied by a tuft of longer hairs (Fig. 5 B, D). Epiproctus triangular, as long as wide, with a rounded distal edge (Fig. 5 D). Subgenital plate rectangular, longer than wide, and with a convex posterior edge. Genitalia. Pseudepiphallic median lophi elongated, with a moderately deep “ V ” shaped notch (Fig. 6 A); lateral lophi moderately prolonged and with a rounded distal edge in dorsal view (Fig. 6 A, B), in lateral view, extending into a conspicuous spine (longer than P. velazquezi n. sp.) and without a smaller spine posteriorly (Fig. 6 C); ectophallic fold membranous, conical and prominent (Fig. 6 A, B); pseudepiphallic parameres with a distal process rounded and other hook-shaped processes internally; arc narrow and not up-curved (Fig. 6 B). Endophallic sclerite sclerotized, tubuliform, with a spine on each lateral apex edge; endophallic apodeme cartilaginous, connected with endophallic sclerite without constricting or getting thin and ending in two lobes in the anterior region of the apodeme (Fig. 6 B). Ectophallic apodeme thin, and undulating towards the basal region of the genitalia (Fig. 6 C); rami shoulder blade-shaped, widened in lateral view and internally concave (Fig. 6 A, B). Female. Unknown adult females (Fig. 8 B). Measurements (mm): LB: 11.5. Pr: 2.5. Teg.: 1. HF: 8. HT: 8.5. Comments. In the book “ Saltamontes y esperanzas del Noreste de Mexico ” by Barrientos-Lozano et al. (2013), possibly a female of this species is photographed (page 97), but identified as Neometrypus sp. (currently included in Gryllidae: Oecanthinae: Paroecanthini), ruling out the presence of this South American taxon in Mexico.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A23EE56FF6CEFCBDCEAF86C.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 514182	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A23EE56FF6CEFCBDCEAF86C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes reduced, either small, less than half as broad as scapus, and with reduced pigmentation, or absent (Fig. 9 A, 10 A-D). Antennae extraordinarily elongate, being from two to six times longer than the length of the body. Pronotum subquadrate, lower margins of lateral lobes moderately expanded to the sides (Fig. 10 E-H). Apterous species. Legs relatively long and slender, hind tibia armed dorsally with three to five spurs on both margins; all tarsi very slender and elongated, first tarsomere unarmed dorsally and as long as a third of its respective tibiae. Abdominal tergites specialized, usually with plate-shaped extensions in the tergal segments of moderate size or very conspicuous (Fig. 9), and dorsal glands (Fig. 10 E-H). Male epiproctus quadrangular, with finger-like lobes on the lateral-distal margins. Cerci slender and barely longer than the hind femur (Fig. 10 E-H). Ovipositor usually as long as the hind femur, apex dorsally straight and with small dentation (Fig. 12). Male genitalia moderately tubuliform; ectophallic fold membranous; pseudepiphallic median lophi with a medial notch and on the posterior lateral borders with a long spine-shaped projection that curves upward in lateral view (most prominent than Paracophus s. s. species); pseudepiphallic paramere with two projections, one ventrally and another posteriorly; endophallic apodeme sclerotized and Y-shaped; ectophallic apodeme thick, slightly curved in lateral view and, in ventral view, the branches are divergent (Fig. 11).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A23EE56FF6CEFCBDCEAF86C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Theodore Huntington Hubbell (1897 - 1989), an eminent orthopterist and as a recognition of his important and fundamental contributions to cave crickets (phalangopsids and rhaphidophorids). With the ending - cophus, referring to its closeness to that genus. Gender is designated as neutral. Taxa included: Hubbellcophus placonotus (Hubbell, 1972) n. comb., (type species), H. caecus (Hubbell, 1972) n. comb., H. cladonotus (Hubbell, 1972) n. comb. and H. lippus (Hubbell, 1972) n. comb.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A23EE56FF6CEFCBDCEAF86C.taxon	discussion	Comments. This new genus is derived from the second group proposed by Hubbell (1972) “ GROUP II. Troglobitic species with relatively long legs, pale coloration, eyes reduced or absent, and reduced hind leg armature ”, adding H. placonotus n. comb., included in the first group by Hubbell, but which fits this group by its anatomical characteristics and male genitalia. Unfortunately, the male phallic complex of H. lippus n. comb. was not described, since the only known male genitalia was lost, so its generic placement is not completely clear. Even this species not have the typical epiproctus of the genus Hubbellcophus, other morphological characteristics fit this new genus, being closer to H. caecus n. comb.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3EEE4BFF6CEECEDCEAFA9E.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 514183	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3EEE4BFF6CEECEDCEAFA9E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes not reduced (as wide as half of the scapus) and normally pigmented (Fig. 13 A, B). Pronotum subquadrate, slightly broader than long, anterior and posterior margins almost straight, lateral margins broadly convex, wider anteriorly than at the mid-length, lower parts of lateral lobes only moderately flared (Fig. 13 C, 14 A). Apterous species. Legs relatively short and stout, hind tibia with four dorsal spurs on each margin; all tarsi slender and elongated, first tarsomere armed dorsally and as long as a third of its respective tibiae. Abdominal tergites unspecialized without glandular apparatus; male epiproctus rectangular or subtriangular, wider than long. Cerci slender and almost as long as the hind femur. Females unknown. Male genitalia compact and covered by a membrane; ectophallic fold moderately sclerotized and poorly developed; pseudepiphallic median lophi with or without a medial notch and on the posterior lateral borders rounded and covered by several denticulations on the posterior portion; pseudepiphallic paramere rounded and without additional projections; endophallic apodeme slim, membranous and connected to the sclerotized endophallic sclerite; ectophallic apodeme slim, curved in lateral view and parallel; rami notoriously expanded dorsally (Fig. 13 D-F, 14 C-E).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3EEE4BFF6CEECEDCEAFA9E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Dedicated to Crystian Sadiel Venegas Barrera, in recognition of his excellent and inspiring research and teaching work at the Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico (Victoria campus), as well as thanks for all his support for the first author during his stay in Mexico. With the ending - cophus, referring to its closeness to that genus. Gender is designated as neutral.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3EEE4BFF6CEECEDCEAFA9E.taxon	discussion	Taxa included: Venegascophus reddelli (Hubbell, 1972) n. comb. (Type species) and V. sanctorum (Hubbell, 1972) n. comb. Comments. This new genus is partially derived from the first group proposed by Hubbell (1972) “ GROUP I. Epigeic and troglophilous species with relatively short legs and normally pigmented eyes ”, including two very similar species in external morphology and peculiar genitalia, in contrast to the other Paracophus s. l. species.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3EEE4CFF6CEB11DAEFFF2F.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 514184	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3EEE4CFF6CEB11DAEFFF2F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes not reduced (as wide as half of the scapus) and normally pigmented. Pronotum subquadrate, almost as wide as long with well-defined but rounded anterior and posterior ventral angles, ventral margins of the lateral lobes concave or rounded (Fig. 14 B). Apterous species. Mesonotum well-sclerotized and brownish. Legs relatively short and stout, hind tibia with three or four dorsal spurs on each margin; all tarsi slender and elongated, first tarsomere armed dorsally and as long as a third of its respective tibiae. Abdominal tergites with paired mesal glandular openings on the intersegmental membranes behind tergites fourth to sixth, but with no dorsum modification. Male epiproctus rectangular and wider than long. Cerci slender and barely longer than the hind femur. Ovipositor straight, three-fourths as long as the hind femur. Distally valves slightly broader than the shaft, and dorsally, a shallow diagonal sulcus separates the dorsal valves. Male genitalia compact, ectophallic fold conspicuous, membranous and conical; pseudepiphallic median lophi with a medial notch and divided dorsally, lateral borders with a straight spine like a projection posteriorly, not up-curved in lateral view; pseudepiphallic paramere reduced and without additional projections: endophallic apodeme membranous; endophallic sclerite reduced in two small spines at arc level; ectophallic apodeme slim and short, in lateral view curved and parallel (Fig. 14 F-H).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3EEE4CFF6CEB11DAEFFF2F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Dedicated to Jorge Víctor Horta Vega, in recognition of his excellent teaching work at the Tecnologico Nacional de Mexico (Victoria campus), as well as thanks for all his support for the first author during his stay in Mexico. With the ending - cophus, referring to its closeness to that genus. Gender is designated as neutral. Taxa included: Hortacophus apterus (Chopard, 1947) n. comb.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3BEE4EFF6CED94DABCFA61.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 27824	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3BEE4EFF6CED94DABCFA61.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes not reduced (as wide as half of the scapus) and normally pigmented. Pronotum wider than long, with lower margins of lateral lobes moderately expanded to the sides. Apterous species. Legs exceptionally long and slender. Hind tibia always with 3 dorsal spurs on each side and two subapical spurs, all tarsi slender and elongated, first tarsomere unarmed dorsally and as long as a third of its respective tibiae. Abdominal tergites unspecialized and with glandular organs present on the third and fourth tergites, except the females. Male epiproctus longer than wide. Cerci slender and longer than the hind femur. Ovipositor slightly up-curved, three-fourths as long as the hind femur, with the apex dorsally rounded and bearing minute serrulations. Male genitalia: elongated; ectophallic fold thin, very long and flagellum-shaped; pseudepiphallic median lophi with a notch as deep as narrow, or very shallowly concave; pseudepiphallic paramere thin and hooklike apically; endophallic apodeme membranous; ectophallic apodeme joining in the first part of its length, then diverging (Fig. D-F). Taxa included: Cubacophus caymani (Otte & Perez-Gelabert, 2009) (type species), C. gibaraensis Ruíz-Baliú & Otte, 1997, C. glaber (Bonfils, 1981) and C. velutinus (Bonfils, 1981).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3BEE4EFF6CEECEDB31FCE2.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 27818	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3BEE4EFF6CEECEDB31FCE2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes not reduced (as wide as half of the scapus) and usually pigmented. Pronotum wider than long, with lower margins of lateral lobes moderately expanded laterally. Apterous species. Legs exceptionally long and slender, hind tibia always with 3 dorsal spurs on each side; all tarsi slender and elongated; first tarsomere armed dorsally and as long as a third of its respective tibiae. Abdominal tergites unspecialized and without glandular apparatus. Male epiproctus longer than wide. Cerci slender and barely longer than the hind femur. Ovipositor slightly up-curved, three-fourths as long as the hind femur, with apex dorsally straight, and with very small serrulations. Male genitalia: compact, ectophallic fold membranous and poorly developed; pseudepiphallic median lophi short, and on the posterior lateral borders with a finger-like projection; pseudepiphallic paramere with a cylindrical projection apically; endophallic apodeme membranous and short; ectophallic apodeme thick, ribbon-shaped and upcurved in lateral view (Fig. 15 A-C). Taxa included: Otteius thoracicus (Saussure, 1874).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3BEE4EFF6CEECEDB31FCE2.taxon	discussion	Comments. This is the genus with the largest known crickets of the tribe, exceeding 20 mm., in contrast to the other Otteiini taxa that do not reach these measurements. The male genitalia resemble more the continental taxa than insular genera, especially the median lophi and lateral lophi of the pseudepiphallus. On the other hand, the first tarsomere armed dorsally of the hind leg is observed in most continental taxa (except Tohila and Hubbellcophus n. gen.), but not in the other two insular genera, these characters suggest a greater association of Otteius with the continental genera than Antillean taxa.	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3BEE4FFF6CE809D996FE83.taxon	description	http: // lsid. speciesfile. org / urn: lsid: Orthoptera. speciesfile. org: TaxonName: 498815	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
9B2BF5744A3BEE4FFF6CE809D996FE83.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Eyes not reduced (as wide as half of the scapus) and normally pigmented (sometimes dorsally uncolored). Pronotum wider than long, with lower margins of lateral lobes moderately expanded to the sides. Apterous species. Legs moderately long and slender. Hind tibia with three to four dorsal spurs on each side and two subapical spurs; all tarsi slender and elongated, first tarsomere unarmed dorsally and as long as a third of its respective tibiae. Abdominal tergites unspecialized and with glandular organs present on the third and fourth tergites, except the females. Male epiproctus longer than wide. Cerci slender and slightly longer than the hind femur. Ovipositor slightly up-curved and three-fourths as long as the hind femur, apex dorsally rounded or straight and without serrulations. Male genitalia moderately elongated; ectophallic fold thin, long, straight and flagellum-shaped; pseudepiphallic median lophi with a notch semicircular; pseudepiphallic paramere short and rounded at the apex; endophallic apodeme membranous; ectophallic apodeme short. Taxa included: Dominicophus terueli Yong, 2017 (type species) and D. sheylae (Armas & Hernández-Triana, 2014).	en	Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Soto, Wolfang Andrés Rodríguez, Cárdenas, Andrea Del Pilar Floréz, Acevedo, Angélica (2021): Studies on Neotropical crickets: The continental Otteiini taxa (Orthoptera Phalangopsidae), those cave crickets are not confined to the West Indies. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 331-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.7
