identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F2E670674D4739D9C6FD00FC84C855.text	03F2E670674D4739D9C6FD00FC84C855.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa guttata Navas 1908	<div><p>Panorpa guttata group sensu Wang &amp; Hua, 2021</p> <p>(Figs 1–19)</p> <p>Diagnosis. Species in this group are very similar to those in the Panorpa wormaldi group sensu Issiki (1933) from Japan and southern China by their small body sizes (with forewing length usually not exceeding 14.0 mm), the wings held roof-like (Figs 1B, C, E &amp; D; 7) or more or less horizontal (Figs 1A, C, F &amp; G; 15) over the abdomen when at rest, male abdomen shorter than wings, and the short and cylindrical male A6–A8. However, they greatly differ from the latter by the structure of the male and female genitalia: in males, 1) hypandrium usually Y-shaped with slender hypovalves (cf. usually with U-shaped broad hypovalves); 2) ventral valves of aedeagus membranous (cf. greatly sclerotized); 3) lateral processes of aedeagus short and simple (cf. greatly elongated); in females, 4) medigynium lacking dorsal plate (cf. with greatly developed dorsal plate); and 5) medigynium with pair of posterior arms usually shorter than greatly developed main plate (cf. pair of long posterior arms longer than poorly developed main plate).</p> <p>Distribution. Central and southwestern China (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674D4739D9C6FD00FC84C855	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674C4738D9C6FC0EFCEFC8EA.text	03F2E670674C4738D9C6FC0EFCEFC8EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa decolorata Chou & Wang 1981	<div><p>Panorpa decolorata Chou &amp; Wang, 1981</p> <p>(Fig. 1B)</p> <p>Panorpa decolorata Chou &amp; Wang in Chou et al., 1981: 10, figs 38 &amp; 39; Wang &amp; Hua, 2018: 257, figs 3-120-1 &amp; 2.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. 1) In forewings, apical band with large hyaline spot along apical cross-veins, pterostigmal band with fading apical branch and detached basal branch, basal band wide spot along hind margin; 2) male hypovalves shorter than stalk of hypandrium; 3) male paramere simple; and 4) main plate of female medigynium rounded.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Gansu, Hubei and Shaanxi (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674C4738D9C6FC0EFCEFC8EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674C4738D9C6FA99FD57CA7E.text	03F2E670674C4738D9C6FA99FD57CA7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa filina Chou & Wang 1987	<div><p>Panorpa filina Chou &amp; Wang, 1987</p> <p>Panorpa filina Chou &amp; Wang in Chou et al., 1987: 203, fig. 4; Wang &amp; Hua, 2018: 261, figs 3-123-1 &amp; 2.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. 1) In forewings, apical band broad with few hyaline spots, pterostigmal band with tapering apical branch and detached basal branch, basal band large spot along hind margin; 2) male A6 with shallow emargination dorsally and forming pair of triangular lobes; 3) male paramere bifurcated, with ventral branch slender and short, and dorsal branch stout, long and greatly curved sub-basally. Female unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: southern Hunan (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674C4738D9C6FA99FD57CA7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674C4738D9C6FE1CFD5DCF05.text	03F2E670674C4738D9C6FE1CFD5DCF05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa guttata Navas 1908	<div><p>Panorpa guttata Navás, 1908</p> <p>(Fig. 1A)</p> <p>Panorpa guttata Navás, 1908: 416, fig. 19c (= Panorpa davidi Navás, 1908 ♀); Esben-Petersen, 1915: 220; id., 1921: 32, fig. 32; Cheng, 1957: 59; Rust &amp; Byers, 1976: 86, figs 158 &amp; 159; Wang &amp; Hua, 2017: 34, figs 3–6; id., 2018: 271, figs 3-131- 1–3.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. 1) Wings speckled with apical and pterostigmal bands reduced to spots; 2) male A6 with deep median emargination on dorsal apex and forming pair of truncated lobes laterally; 3) inner portion of basal half of gonostylus with dozens of long bristles; and 4) female genital plate with subtriangular main plate and broad, oblong basal plate.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: western Sichuan (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674C4738D9C6FE1CFD5DCF05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674C473FD9C6F924FC73CD6C.text	03F2E670674C473FD9C6F924FC73CD6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa furcata Zhou & Zhou 2007	<div><p>Panorpa furcata Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007</p> <p>(Figs 1C &amp; 3)</p> <p>Panorpa furcata Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007: 451, fig. 15.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. This species is previously known from the vague description and illustrations provided by Zhou &amp; Zhou (2007). Herein, the diagnosis is emended based on the new materials: 1) in forewings, apical band broad with large hyaline spot along apical cross-veins, pterostigmal band with complete basal and apical branches, marginal spot and basal spot present, basal band broad, entire; 2) male hypovalves slender and longer than stalk of hypandrium, and slightly broaden at distal half; 3) dorsal processes of male aedeagus with middle process at ventral side; and 4) posterior arms of female medigynium reduced, and apodemes greatly divergent.</p> <p>Materials examined. CHINA: Guizhou: 3♂ 3♀ (CN20Pa00086–CN20Pa00091), Dewang, southwestern slope of Mt. Fanjing, 20.xi.2019, leg. Zheng-Kun Hu.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Guizhou (Mts Fanjing and Leigong) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674C473FD9C6F924FC73CD6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674B473FD9C6FD76FC26C879.text	03F2E670674B473FD9C6FD76FC26C879.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa kunmingensis Fu & Hua 2009	<div><p>Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua, 2009</p> <p>(Fig. 1E)</p> <p>Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua, 2009: 201, figs 1–3; Wang &amp; Hua, 2018: 278, figs 3-136-1–3.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. 1) In forewings, apical band broad with one or two large hyaline spots, pterostigmal and basal bands reduced to speckles; in males, 2) A6 deeply emarginated in V-shape and forming pair of triangular lobes; 3) paramere bifurcated, with ventral branch thin and shorter than half length of stout dorsal branch; and in females, 4) axis three times as long as main plate of medigynium, with apodemes greatly divergent.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan (Kunming and Anning) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674B473FD9C6FD76FC26C879	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674B473FD9C6FE19FBDECE8F.text	03F2E670674B473FD9C6FE19FBDECE8F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa liaoi Zhou & Zhou 2007	<div><p>Panorpa liaoi Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007</p> <p>(Fig. 1D)</p> <p>Panorpa liaoae Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007: 452, fig. 16; Panorpa liaoi — Wang &amp; Hua, 2017: 31; id., 2018: 279, figs 3-137-1 &amp; 2.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. 1) Wings lacking any markings; in males, 2) hypovalves with an inner process; 3) parameres trifurcated; and in females, 4) main plate of medigynium incurvated along lateral margins.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Chongqing (Mt. Jinfo) and Guizhou (Mt. Leigong) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674B473FD9C6FE19FBDECE8F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674B473FD9C6F9A5FC2CCBE3.text	03F2E670674B473FD9C6F9A5FC2CCBE3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa parallela Wang & Hua 2016	<div><p>Panorpa parallela Wang &amp; Hua, 2016</p> <p>(Fig. 1G)</p> <p>Panorpa parallela Wang &amp; Hua, 2016: 156, figs 4B, 5–7; id., 2018: 293, figs 3-146-1 &amp; 2.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. 1) Wings lacking any markings; 2) male stalk of hypandrium narrow and longer than divergent hypovalves; 3) male parameres elongate stick-like with apexes slightly curved inwards, and small subbasal projection on dorsal side; and 4) female medigynium with triangular projection at apex of main plate between posterior arms.</p> <p>Materials examined. CHINA: Yunnan: 1♂ 1♀ (CN20Pa00023, CN20Pa00024), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.23222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.04889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.23222/lat 24.04889)">Mt. Tangli</a>, 2560 m, 24°02’56’’ N, 99°13’56’’ E, 29.vii.2020, leg. Ji-Shen Wang.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan (Mts Daxue and Tangli) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674B473FD9C6F9A5FC2CCBE3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674B473FD9C6FB2BFC95C9F0.text	03F2E670674B473FD9C6FB2BFC95C9F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa qiana Zhou & Zhou 2010	<div><p>Panorpa qiana Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2010</p> <p>Panorpa qiana Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2010: 56, figs 1–5.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. This species is only known from the vague description and illustrations provided by Zhou &amp; Zhou (2010). It is mostly similar to Panorpa furcata Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) wing markings broader and denser; 2) male parameres with subapical projection on inner side. Female unknown.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Guizhou (Mayanghe) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674B473FD9C6FB2BFC95C9F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670674A473ED9C6FF18FC2CCEA8.text	03F2E670674A473ED9C6FF18FC2CCEA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa reflexa Wang & Hua 2016	<div><p>Panorpa reflexa Wang &amp; Hua, 2016</p> <p>(Fig. 1F)</p> <p>Panorpa reflexa Wang &amp; Hua, 2016: 153, figs 1–3, 4A; id., 2018: 301, figs 3-152-1 &amp; 2.</p> <p>Emended diagnosis. 1) Head with M-shaped black spot on occiput and subpentagonal black spot enclosing ocellar triangle; 2) wings with greatly reduced pterostigmal band reduced to spots, and lacking other markings; in males, 3) stalk of hypandrium greatly reduced; 4) parameres bifurcated and 3-shaped, with basal branch stretching towards base of genital bulb; 5) aedeagus columnar with pair of dorsal processes extending beyond apex of gonocoxites; in females, 6) A9 greatly elongated, approximately twice as long as A8, with vase-shaped subgenital plate; 7) medigynium with axis entirely concealed in main plate, and main plate with pair of anterior arms.</p> <p>Materials examined. CHINA: Yunnan: 3♂ 2♀ (CN20Pa00025– CN20Pa00029), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.23222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.04889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.23222/lat 24.04889)">Mt.Tangli</a>, 2560 m, 24°02’56’’ N, 99°13’56’’ E, 29.vii.2020, leg. Ji-Shen Wang.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan (Mts Daxue and Tangli) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670674A473ED9C6FF18FC2CCEA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067484733D9C6FF50FC98C839.text	03F2E67067484733D9C6FF50FC98C839.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa caoweii Wang 2021	<div><p>Panorpa caoweii Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 4)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after Wei Cao, the collector of the type specimens. Noun in the genitive case.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Panorpa decolorata Chou &amp;Wang, 1981 and Panorpa filina Chou &amp; Wang, 1987 in the wing markings, but can be differentiated from P. decolorata by the bifurcated male parameres, and from P. filina by the males having unemarginated A6 and relatively straight dorsal branch of parameres.</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Guangxi: Holotype ♂ (CN20 Pa 00092), Mt. Mao’er (<a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.46583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.912222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.46583/lat 25.912222)">Kitten Mountain</a>), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=110.46583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.912222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 110.46583/lat 25.912222)">Huilong Temple</a>, 1580 m, 25°54’44’’ N, 110°27’57’’ E, 27.viii.2020, leg. Wei Cao; paratype 1♀ (CN20 Pa 00093), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 11.2 mm, AbL 9.9 mm, BL 13.8 mm, FL 12.4 mm, FW 2.5 mm, HL 11.1 mm, HW 2.4 mm; Female: AbL 7.9 mm, BL 12.3 mm, FL 12.8 mm, FW 2.6 mm, HL 11.4 mm, HW 2.5 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown, ocellar triangle black. Antennae scape yellowish brown, pedicel dark brown, flagellum black with 41–45 flagellomeres.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum brown with anterior and posterior margins blackish, and three or four stout setae along each side of anterior margin. Meso- and metanotum brown laterally with pale median stripe. Pleura and legs light brown with distal tarsomeres dark brown.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline and tinged with light yellowish brown, markings black. Pterostigma brown, veins dark brown except apical cross-veins pale. Forewing with apical band greatly reduced, vague, and detached with both anterior and posterior margins; pterostigmal band triangular and reduced at posterior half, with detached spot along hind margin as basal branch and lacking apical branch; basal band reduced to small spot above ending of CuP; marginal and basal spots absent; Sc extending slightly beyond middle of wing but not reaching pterostigma; R 1 bifurcated at pterostigmal region; Rs five-branched; R 2 –M 1 zigzagging at joints of apical cross-veins; 1A ending beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings but with basal band absent.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 dark brown, with pale, discontinuous median stripe extending from T1 to T3. Notal organ on posterior margin of T3 slightly developed and covering acute postnotal organ on T4. S1–S5 light brown, pleura pale. A6 blackish brown at basal half and gradually yellowing towards apex, cylindrical.A7 and A8 yellowish orange, A7 nearly cylindrical, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish orange, long oval. Epandrium (T9) extending beyond middle of gonostylus, slightly tapering towards apex, with deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel fingerlike processes. Cerci slender, clavate. Hypandrium (S9) Y-shaped and approximately 3/4 as long as gonocoxites, with long basal stalk and splitting into pair of hypovalves in distal half. Hypovalves narrow, divergent and tapering towards apex, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, with disc-shaped basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth. Parameres bifurcated, with both branches slender and acute at apex; ventral branch approximately half-length of dorsal branch and bending inward; dorsal branch slightly bending outward and extending to apex of gonocoxites. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous and rounded; dorsal processes slender, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, and tapering in to subacute apex in distal 1/3.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance, but with denser markings. In forewings, pterostigmal band with faded apical branch.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oblong with rounded apex and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium slender, with main plate approximately half as long as axis; posterior arms short, acute and approximately 1/3 as long as main plate; apodemes of axis slightly divergent.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Guangxi (Mt. Mao’er) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067484733D9C6FF50FC98C839	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067474732D9C6FBECFE00CE49.text	03F2E67067474732D9C6FBECFE00CE49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa duanyu Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa duanyu Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 5)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after Yu Duan, the 16th emperor of the Kingdom of Dali between 1108 and 1147. He is also one of the three protagonists in the famous Chinese novel Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species can be readily recognized by the following combination of characters: 1) wings devoid of markings except greatly reduced apical and pterostigmal bands; in males, 2) A6–A7 black; and 3) parameres crossed.</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Yunnan: Yunlong: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00163), burned area near the <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.23638&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.851389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.23638/lat 25.851389)">Sky Lake</a>, 2740 m, 25°51’5’’ N 99°14’11’’ E, 12–28.ix.2020, leg. You-Jing Gong by Malaise Trap; Paratypes 2♂ 7♀ (CN20Pa00164CN20Pa00172), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 8.0– 8.2 mm, AbL 6.0– 6.3 mm, BL 8.8–9.0 mm, FL 9.2–9.3 mm, FW 2.1–2.2 mm, HL 8.0– 8.2 mm, HW 1.9–2.0 mm; Female: AbL 4.8–5.0 mm, BL 7.0– 7.3 mm, FL 10.5–11.2 mm, FW 2.2–2.4 mm, HL 9.2–10.0 mm, HW 2.1–2.3 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar triangle enclosed by dark spot.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, slightly tinged with grayish brown, with greatly reduced apical and pterostigmal bands. Forewing 1A ending almost same level of ORs; and usually, two cross-veins between 1A and 2A (one in the left forewing, and none in the rightwing of holotype). Hindwings similar to forewings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 black. A6 black, cylindrical. A7 and A8 black and slightly yellowing towards apex, A7 cylindrical, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb mostly yellowish brown and oval, with distal portion of gonostyli black. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, tapering towards apex, with U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 3/5 as long as gonocoxites, with basal stalk approximately half as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves slender, divergent, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli approximately half as long as gonocoxites, with broad earlobe-shaped basal lobe and rounded median tooth. Parameres slender and covered with numerous microtrichia on inner margin of each branch; two parameres crossed at middle portion, with distal portions approximately parallel and directing caudad. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, neck-like in basal half and subacute in distal half.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oval with slightly pointed apex, and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with broad main plate approximately 3/5 as long as axis; posterior arms short and thin, and approximately 1/3 as long as main plate; apodemes greatly divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan: Yunlong (Fig. 2).</p> <p>Notes. This species coinhabits with Panorpa xiaofeng Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n. and Panorpa xuzhu Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n. in the type locality.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067474732D9C6FBECFE00CE49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067464730D9C6F885FE00CB89.text	03F2E67067464730D9C6F885FE00CB89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa dali Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa dali Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 6 &amp; 7)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after the Dali Kingdom (973–1253 AD), situated in the modern Yunnan Province. The name also indicates Dali City, where the new species was discovered. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua, 2009 in the speckled wing markings, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) body smaller with male BL of 8.3 mm and FW of 8.8 mm, approximately (cf. with BL and FW usually exceeding 10.0 mm); 2) forewings with more reduced apical band (cf. usually well-developed); in males, 3) A6 with only very shallow emargination (cf. with deep V-shaped emargination); 4) paramere with ventral branch approximately 3/4 length of dorsal branch (cf. shorter than half length of dorsal branch); and in females, 5) medigynium with posterior arms shorter than main plate (cf. longer).</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Yunnan: Dali: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00094), Mt. Cangshan, eastern slope of the <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.10694&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.725" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.10694/lat 25.725)">Orchid Peak</a>, 2550 m, 25°43’30’’ N 100°06’25’’ E, 11.viii.2020, leg. Ji-Shen Wang; paratypes 2♂ 3♀ (CN20Pa00095–CN20Pa00099), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 8.0– 8.2 mm, AbL 5.8–6.0 mm, BL 8.0– 8.3 mm, FL 8.8–8.9 mm, FW 1.8–1.9 mm, HL 8.0– 8.1 mm, HW 1.7–1.8 mm; Female: AbL 4.8–5.0 mm, BL 7.0– 7.3 mm, FL 9.0– 9.8 mm, FW 1.9–2.0 mm, HL 8.0–9.0 mm, HW 1.9–2.0 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar triangle enclosed by blurred dark spot.</p> <p>Wings. Narrow in shape. Membrane hyaline and tinged with light yellowish brown, markings brown. Forewing with apical and pterostigmal bands greatly reduced into several small spots; basal band reduced to small spot above CuP; marginal and basal spots absent; 1A ending beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings but lacking any markings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 dark brown, with pale, thin, and continuous median stripe extending from T1 to T4. A6 yellowish brown, cylindrical, with very shallow emargination at dorsal apex. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical, A8 slightly longer than A7, constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, slightly tapering towards apex, with deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 3/4 as long as gonocoxites, with long basal stalk and splitting into pair of hypovalves in distal 2/5. Hypovalves narrow, divergent at base and bending inwards at apex, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, greatly incurvated on outer margin, with disc-shaped basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth. Parameres bifurcated, with ventral branch slender and approximately 3/4 as long as lobate dorsal branch; dorsal branch bearing row of long stout bristles on inner margin. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous, rounded, and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes slender, greatly elongated, slightly convergent, and with longitudinal groove.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance, but with denser markings. In forewings, pterostigmal band often denser than that of males.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oblong with rounded apex and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium slender, with main plate broadest at basal 1/3 and approximately half as long as axis; posterior arms short, acute and approximately half as long as main plate; apodemes of axis greatly divergent at base.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan: Dali (Mt. Cangshan) (Fig. 2).</p> <p>Notes. With minimum male FL of 8.8 mm and female FL of 9.0 mm, this species is likely the tiniest scorpionfly reported from the Old World. It is approximately the same size as the tiniest Nearctic scorpionfly, Panorpa sentosa Byers, 1997 with minimum male FL of 8.7 mm (Byers, 1997). This species coinhabits with Panorpa nanzhao Wang, sp. n. in the type locality.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067464730D9C6F885FE00CB89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067434736D9C6FF18FCB0CF3D.text	03F2E67067434736D9C6FF18FCB0CF3D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa hani Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa hani Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 8)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to the ethic group Hani, which lives in the type locality: Zhenyuan, Yunnan, China. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua, 2009 in the wing markings reduced to spots and the deeply emarginated male A6, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) male hypandrium with basal stalk greatly reduced and shorter than half length of hypovalves (cf. longer than hypovalves); and 2) female medigynium with posterior arms stout and shorter than main plate (cf. slender and longer than main plate).</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Yunnan: Zhenyuan: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00100), forest near <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.151665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.0425" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.151665/lat 24.0425)">Zhalong Village</a>, 1930 m, 24°02’33’’ N 101°09’06’’ E, 24.viii.2020, leg. Dan-Chen Zhu; paratypes 1♂ 2♀ (CN20Pa00101– CN20Pa00103), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 9.2 mm, AbL 8.3 mm, BL 12.0 mm, FL 10.6 mm, FW 2.6 mm, HL 9.6 mm, HW 2.5 mm; Female: AbL 8.0 mm, BL 11.4 mm, FL 10.4 mm, FW 2.6 mm, HL 9.4 mm, HW 2.5 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown, ocellar triangle enclosed by subpentagonal black pattern.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline and tinged with yellowish brown, markings dark brown. Forewing with apical band broad, vague, and interrupted by two or three hyaline spots; pterostigmal band reduced at posterior half, with two detached spots along hind margin as basal and apical branches; basal band reduced to small spot above ending of 1A; marginal spot small; basal spot absent; 1A ending far beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings but with basal band and apical branch of pterostigmal band absent.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 dark brown, with pale, continuous median stripe extending from T1 to T5. A6 yellowish brown, cylindrical, with deep V-shaped emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of triangular lobes laterally. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical and greatly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, slightly tapering towards apex, with deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 3/4 as long as gonocoxites, with greatly reduced basal stalk shorter than half length of hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, divergent, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, with disc-shaped basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth. Parameres bifurcated, with both branches greatly curved, acute at apex, and covered with numerous microtrichia; ventral branch approximately 1/4 as long as dorsal branch and with subapical thorn on outer margin; dorsal branch slightly lobate with subapical notch on inner side, and bending outwards apically. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous and rounded; dorsal processes slender, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, and slightly divergent apically.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance, but with denser markings.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oblong with nearly truncated apex and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with broad main plate approximately 2/3 as long as axis; posterior arms very short, stout and approximately 1/5 as long as main plate; apodemes of axis greatly divergent.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan: Zhenyuan (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067434736D9C6FF18FCB0CF3D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067424735D9C6FCE8FCB0CD35.text	03F2E67067424735D9C6FCE8FCB0CD35.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa hirundo Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa hirundo Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 9)</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet hirundo, meaning swallow in Latin, refers to the male A6 of this species being swallow tail-shaped at the dorsal apex. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is peculiar by the combination of the following characters: 1) wings devoid of markings; in males, 2) A6 with deep arcuate emargination and forming pair of triangular lobes laterally at dorsal apex; 3) parameres bifurcated with ventral branch long and stout, greatly enlarged subapically with pointed apex; and in females, 4) medigynium with main plate nearly diamond-shaped and broadest at middle.</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Sichuan: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00104), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.33417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.525833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.33417/lat 29.525833)">Mt. Emei</a>, 3000 m, 29°31’33’’ N 103°20’03’’ E, 25.vii.2020, leg. Dan-Chen Zhu; paratypes 6♂ 3♀ (CN20Pa00105– CN20Pa00113), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 10.0– 10.4 mm, AbL 7.6–8.2 mm, BL 10.0–11.0 mm, FL 11.6–12.0 mm, FW 2.5–2.6 mm, HL 10.5–11.0 mm, HW 2.5–2.6 mm; Female: AbL 6.2–7.2 mm, BL 10.0– 12.6 mm, FL 11.5–12.4 mm, FW 2.5–2.7 mm, HL 10.2–11.3 mm, HW 2.4–2.6 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown, ocellar triangle black.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, tinged with yellowish brown, and devoid of markings. Forewing 1A ending approximately at same level with ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 yellowish brown to dark brown, with pale, continuous median stripe extending from T1 to T5. A6 yellowish brown, cylindrical, with deep arcuate emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of triangular lobes laterally. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical and slightly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, slightly tapering towards apex, with deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 7/8 as long as gonocoxites, with greatly reduced basal stalk shorter than 1/5 length of hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, divergent in basal half and nearly parallel in distal half, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, with broad disc-shaped basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth. Parameres furcated into two slender and glabrous branches; ventral branch long and stout, slightly curved inwards apically, greatly enlarged subapically with pointed apex; dorsal branch thinner and shorter, approximately 4/5 as long as ventral branch and lesser enlarged subapically. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous, rounded, and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes slender, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, and tapering to subacute apex in distal 1/4.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance except for darker terga.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate broadest at middle with slightly emarginated apex and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with broad main plate approximately half as long as axis and widest at middle; posterior arms very thin, approximately 1/2 as long as main plate; apodemes of axis thick, greatly divergent at base.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Sichuan: Mt. Emei (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067424735D9C6FCE8FCB0CD35	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E6706741472BD9C6FA66FB39CDA0.text	03F2E6706741472BD9C6FA66FB39CDA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa huangguiqiangi Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa huangguiqiangi Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 10)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after Gui-Qiang Huang, collector of the type specimens. Noun in the genitive case.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is peculiar by the combination of the following characters: 1) wings markings greatly reduced and scattered, with inner portion of apical band and pterostigmal band forming two vertically inversed Y-shaped patterns; in males, 2) A6 with shallow arcuate emargination and forming pair of broad triangular lobes laterally at dorsal apex; 3) parameres bifurcated with slender ventral and dorsal branches; and in females, 4) medigynium with main plate broadest at middle and greatly curled marginally.</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Guizhou: Liupanshui: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00114), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.80222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.458889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.80222/lat 26.458889)">Yushe National Forest</a> Park, 2260 m, 26°27’32’’ N 104°48’08’’ E, 01.ix.2020, leg. Gui-Qiang Huang; paratypes 2♀ (CN20Pa00115, CN20Pa00116), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 9.3 mm, AbL 7.0 mm, BL 9.2 mm, FL 9.6 mm, FW 2.2 mm, HL 8.5 mm, HW 2.1 mm; Female: AbL 6.8 mm, BL 10.2 mm, FL 10.6 mm, FW 2.6 mm, HL 9.2 mm, HW 2.5 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum light yellow, ocellar triangle black.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, tinged with yellowish brown, markings dark brown. Pterostigma yellow and conspicuous. Forewing markings greatly reduced to spots; apical band splitting into two longitudinal parts; inner portion of apical band and pterostigmal band forming two vertically inversed Y-shaped patterns; other markings absent; 1A ending slightly beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings with more reduced markings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 yellowish brown, with yellow, continuous median stripe extending from T1 to T5. A6 yellowish brown, cylindrical, with shallow arcuate emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of broad triangular lobes laterally. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical and greatly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, tapering towards apex, with U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two short finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 2/3 as long as gonocoxites, with basal stalk approximately half as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, divergent in basal half and nearly parallel in distal half, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, with broad earlobe-shaped basal lobe and rounded median tooth. Parameres furcated into two slender branches and covered with numerous microtrichia on inner margin of each branch; ventral branch approximately 4/5 as long as dorsal branch, and stout, curved and pointed apically; dorsal branch similar and crossed subapically. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous, elongated, and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, nearly parallel but slightly divergent apically, and with shallow emargination at apex.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance except for denser wing markings and darker terga.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate subtrapezoidal with truncated apex, and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with main plate approximately 3/4 as long as axis, broadest at middle, and greatly curled marginally; posterior arms very short and stout; apodemes divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Guizhou: Liupanshui (Yushe) (Fig. 2).</p> <p>Notes. This species coinhabits with Panorpa latiloba Wang, sp. n. in the type locality.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E6706741472BD9C6FA66FB39CDA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670675F472AD9C6FE54FE96CCD0.text	03F2E670675F472AD9C6FE54FE96CCD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa jiangrixini Wang 2021	<div><p>Panorpa jiangrixini Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 11)</p> <p>Etymology. The specific name is dedicated to Ri-Xin Jiang, for donating the type specimens. Noun in the genitive case.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is peculiar by the combination of the following characters: 1) wings devoid of markings; in males, 2) A6 with very shallow arcuate emargination on dorsal apex; 3) distal half of hypovalves approximately half as wide as basal half; 4) parameres trifurcated with basal branch short, stout and hook-like; and in females, 5) medigynium with axis entirely concealed in main plate.</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Chongqing: Nanchuan: Holotype ♂ (CN19Pa00238), Mt. Jinfo, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.68778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.902777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.68778/lat 27.902777)">Wind Blowing Ridge</a>, 2220 m, 29°01’60’’ N 107°11’30’’ E, 02.vii.2019, leg. Ri-Xin JIANG; Guizhou: paratypes 1♂ 2♀ (CN20Pa00117CN20Pa00119), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.68778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.902777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.68778/lat 27.902777)">Mt. Fanjing</a>, 2050 m, 27°54’10’’ N 108°41’16’’ E, 12.vii.2020, leg. Dan-Chen Zhu.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 11.3 mm, AbL 8.7 mm, BL 12.0 mm, FL 12.4 mm, FW 2.8 mm, HL 11.1 mm, HW 2.7 mm; Female: AbL 7.5 mm, BL 10.0 mm, FL 12.6 mm, FW 2.8 mm, HL 11.4 mm, HW 2.7 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and ocellar triangle shining black. Rostrum mostly shining black with yellowish lateral margin. Antennae with scape dark brown, pedicel black, and flagellum dark brown; flagellum with 40 flagellomeres.</p> <p>Thorax. Pronotum mostly black with yellowish median spot on posterior margin, and six to eight stout setae along each side of anterior margin. Meso- and metanotum mostly dark brown with discontinuous yellow median stripe forming two bottle-shaped patterns. Pleura and legs brown with distal tarsomeres dark brown.</p> <p>Wings. Broad in shape. Membrane hyaline, tinged with light grayish brown, devoid of markings. Forewing 1A ending slightly beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings with more reduced markings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 dark brown to black. A6 dark brown at base and gradually yellowing towards apex, cylindrical, with shallow arcuate emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of inconspicuous subtriangular lobes laterally. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical and slightly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium broad, not exceeding apex of gonocoxites, with U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two short stout processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 4/5 as long as gonocoxites, with basal stalk approximately 1/3 as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, nearly parallel, with distal half approximately half as wide as basal half, and long stout bristles on inner margin of distal half. Gonocoxites with dense stout setae on inner apex ventrally. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, with broad rounded basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth, and covered with numerous long stout setae on basal half of ventral surface. Parameres trifurcated and covered with numerous microtrichia on each branch; basal branch stout and shortest, stretching towards base of genital bulb, greatly curved outward and hook-shaped, with apexes exposing from lateral margin of hypovalves; ventral and dorsal branches slender and straight; ventral branch nearly half as long as dorsal branch, both tapering towards pointed apexes. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous, elongated, bottle-shaped, extending to same level of parameres apically, and covered with numerous long microtrichia; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, slightly divergent apically.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oblong with rounded apex, and sparse long setae marginally. Medigynium with main plate broad and sub-oval; axis entirely concealed in main plate with slightly divergent apodemes; posterior arms thin and approximately 1/4 as long as main plate.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Chonqing (Mt. Jinfo) and Guizhou (Mt. Fanjing) (Fig. 2).</p> <p>Notes. This species coinhabits with Panorpa jinfoshana Wang, sp. n. and Panorpa liaoi Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007 in Mt. Jinfo.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670675F472AD9C6FE54FE96CCD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670675E4728D9C6F9BFFCDDCDA2.text	03F2E670675E4728D9C6F9BFFCDDCDA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa jinfoshana Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa jinfoshana Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 12)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after the type locality, Mt. Jinfo (Jinfo Shan). Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species closely resembles Panorpa guttata Navás, 1908, but can be readily differentiated from the latter by the following characters: in males, 1) A6 with V-shaped emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of rounded lobes laterally (cf. narrow emargination and forming pair of truncated lobes laterally); 2) A6 with five small pointed teeth below rounded lobes on each lateral side (cf. only one); and in females, 3) medigynium with basally constricted basal plate (cf. with an oblong basal plate).</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Chongqing: Nanchuan: Holotype ♂ (CN19Pa00239), Mt. Jinfo, <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.191666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.033333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.191666/lat 29.033333)">Wind Blowing Ridge</a>, 2220 m, 29°01’60’’ N 107°11’30’’ E, 19.viii.2019, leg. Ri-Xin JIANG; paratypes 5♂ 12♀ (CN19Pa00240–CN19Pa00256), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 9.8–10.2 mm, AbL 6.0- 6.5 mm, BL 9.0–10.0 mm, FL 10.8–11.2 mm, FW 2.3–2.5 mm, HL 10.0–11.0 mm, HW 2.2–2.4 mm; Female: AbL 7.2–7.5 mm, BL 9.0–10.0 mm, FL 11.0– 11.6 mm, FW 2.4–2.6 mm, HL 10.0– 10.3 mm, HW 2.3–2.5 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellow. Ocellar triangle black.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, slightly tinged with yellowish brown, with greatly reduced brown markings. Pterostigma yellow and conspicuous. Forewing markings greatly reduced and scattered; only apical and pterostigmal bands present; 1A ending beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings but nearly devoid of markings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 yellowish brown and slightly deepened laterally. A6 yellowish brown, cylindrical, with deep V-shaped emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of broad triangular lobes laterally, and five small pointed teeth (dorsal one largest) below lobes on each lateral side. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical and greatly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, tapering towards apex, with U-shaped terminal emargination and forming pair of short finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 7/8 as long as gonocoxites, with basal stalk approximately 1/3 as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, divergent in basal half and nearly parallel in distal half, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonocoxites bearing dense long stout setae on inner apex ventrally. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, with broad earlobe-shaped basal lobe and rounded median tooth, and row of long stout setae on basal half of ventral surface. Parameres furcated into two slender branches and covered with numerous microtrichia on inner margin of each branch; ventral branch long, stout and pointed apically; dorsal branch approximately 4/5 as long as ventral branch. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, and with greatly constricted apex.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance except for denser wing markings and darker terga.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oval with rounded apex, and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with basally constricted basal plate; main plate approximately 1/2 as long as axis; posterior arms short and stout; apodemes greatly divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Chongqing: Nanchuan (Mt. Jinfo) (Fig. 2).</p> <p>Notes. In Mt. Jinfo, this species emerges later (August) than its coinhabiting species Panorpa liaoi Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007 and Panorpa jiangrixini Wang, sp. n. (June to July).</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670675E4728D9C6F9BFFCDDCDA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670675C4728D9C6FE54FCC8CBBD.text	03F2E670675C4728D9C6FE54FCC8CBBD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa latiloba Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa latiloba Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 13)</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet is combined from the Latin latus (broad) and lobus (lobe), referring to the lobes on dorsal apex of male A6 being broad. Compound noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species closely resembles Panorpa jinfoshana Wang, sp. n. in general appearance, but can be readily differentiated from the latter by the following characters: in males, 1) A6 with lobes on dorsal apex very long and broad, extending beyond middle of A7 (cf. shorter and narrower, approximately extending to middle of A7); 2) A6 with five same sized pointed teeth below rounded lobes on each lateral side (cf. dorsal one largest); 3) parameres with ventral branch foliate, at least three times as wide as dorsal branch, and two times as long as dorsal branch (cf. ventral branch thinner and dorsal branch longer); and in females, 4) medigynium with posterior arms half as long as main plate and greatly curved inwards (cf. approximately 1/3 as long as main plate and slightly curved inwards).</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Guizhou: Liupanshui: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00120), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.80222&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.458889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.80222/lat 26.458889)">Yushe National Forest</a> Park, 2260 m, 26°27’32’’ N 104°48’08’’ E, 01.ix.2020, leg. Gui-Qiang Huang; paratypes 6♂ 12♀ (CN20Pa00121–CN20Pa00138), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 8.0– 9.2 mm, AbL 6.0– 7.6 mm, BL 8.6–9.4 mm, FL 10.0– 10.6 mm, FW 2.3–2.4 mm, HL 9.0– 9.4 mm, HW 2.2–2.3 mm; Female: AbL 6.2–7.0 mm, BL 8.8–9.4 mm, FL 10.5–11.6 mm, FW 2.4–2.5 mm, HL 9.2–10.3 mm, HW 2.3–2.4 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellow. Ocellar triangle black.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, slightly tinged with yellowish brown, and devoid of markings. Pterostigma yellow and conspicuous. Forewing 1A ending beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 yellowish brown and slightly deepened laterally. A6 yellowish brown, cylindrical, with deep V-shaped emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of very long and broad triangular lobes laterally. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical and greatly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, tapering towards apex, with U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately as long as gonocoxites, with basal stalk approximately 1/4 as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, broadest at middle, divergent, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli approximately half as long as gonocoxites, with an earlobe-shaped basal lobe and rounded median tooth, and row of long stout setae on basal half of ventral surface. Parameres bifurcated and covered with numerous microtrichia on inner margin of each branch; ventral branch long, slightly foliate, and three times as wide as dorsal branch; dorsal branch slender and approximately half as long as ventral branch. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, and with beveled apex.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance except for darker terga.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oval with rounded apex, and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with basally constricted basal plate; main plate approximately 1/2 as long as axis; posterior arms short and stout, and approximately half as long as main plate; apodemes greatly divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Guizhou: Liupanshui (Yushe) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670675C4728D9C6FE54FCC8CBBD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E670675B472ED9C6FAE2FCCFCBF0.text	03F2E670675B472ED9C6FAE2FCCFCBF0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa nanzhao Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa nanzhao Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 14 &amp; 15)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after the Nanzhao Kingdom (738–937 AD), centered in the modern Yunnan Province with Taihe (modern-day Taihe village, a few miles south of Dali) as its capital. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Panorpa liaoi Zhou &amp; Zhou, 2007 in the nearly marking-less wings and the black male A6–A8, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: in males, 1) hypandrium approximately 1/3 as long as gonocoxites (cf. approximately as long as gonocoxites); 2) parameres bifurcated (cf. trifurcated); 3) dorsal aedeagal process foliate with tapering apex (cf. with beveled apex); and in females, 4) medigynium with broad main plate nearly parallel on lateral margins (cf. with narrower main plate incurvated on lateral margins).</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Yunnan: Dali: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00139), Mt. Cangshan, eastern slope of the <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.10694&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.725" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.10694/lat 25.725)">Orchid Peak</a>, 2550 m, 25°43’30’’ N 100°06’25’’ E, 11.viii.2020, leg. Ji-Shen Wang; paratypes 9♂ 3♀ (CN20Pa00140–CN20Pa00151), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 10.5–10.8 mm, AbL 6.4–7.0 mm, BL 10.0– 11.2 mm, FL 10.8–11.8 mm, FW 2.3–2.5 mm, HL 9.6–10.5 mm, HW 2.3–2.4 mm; Female: AbL 5.0–6.0 mm, BL 8.2–9.0 mm, FL 10.9–11.8 mm, FW 2.4–2.5 mm, HL 9.9–10.4 mm, HW 2.3–2.4 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex and occiput yellow, rostrum brown. Ocellar triangle black.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, slightly tinged with grayish brown, and with only minute spot as pterostigmal band. Forewing 1A ending almost same level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 black. A6 black, cylindrical. A7 and A8 black and slightly yellowing towards apex, A7 cylindrical, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, tapering towards apex, with U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 2/3 as long as gonocoxites, with basal stalk approximately 1/4 as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves slender, divergent, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli approximately half as long as gonocoxites, with broad earlobe-shaped basal lobe and rounded median tooth. Parameres bifurcated and covered with numerous microtrichia on inner margin of each branch; ventral branch very short and hook-like; dorsal branch slender, slightly convergent apically, arcuate in basal half and straight in distal half. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, necklike in basal half and foliate in distal half, and slightly curved inward apically.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oval with slightly pointed apex, and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with broad main plate approximately 3/5 as long as axis; posterior arms short and thin, and approximately 1/3 as long as main plate; apodemes greatly divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan: Dali (Mt. Cangshan) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E670675B472ED9C6FAE2FCCFCBF0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067594723D9C6FB20FDE2CD4D.text	03F2E67067594723D9C6FB20FDE2CD4D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa stella Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa stella Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 16)</p> <p>Etymology. The new specific epithet is the Latin stēlla (star, star shape), referring to the star-shaped pattern enclosing the ocellar triangle. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua, 2009 in general appearance, but can be differentiated from the latter by the following characters: 1) head with star-shaped black pattern enclosing ocellar triangle, and another black patter on occiput; 2) wings with clear and dense markings (cf. scattered); in males, 3) A6 with pair of broad lobes greatly curled on ventral margin (cf. simple); 4) parameres bifurcated with ventral branch bifurcated subapically (cf. simple); and in females, 5) medigynium with main plate longer than axis (cf. shorter).</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Yunnan: Yongde: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00152), Mt. Daxue (Great Snow), near <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.787224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.787224/lat 25.3)">Mangzha village</a>, 2200 m, 24°12’10’’ N 99°37’18’’ E, 25.vii.2020, leg. Ji-Shen Wang; paratypes 7♀ (CN20Pa00153–CN20Pa00159), same data; paratype 1♂ (CN20Pa00160), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.787224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.787224/lat 25.3)">Mt. Tangli</a>, 2560 m, 24°02’56’’ N, 99°13’56’’ E, 29.vii.2020, leg. Ji-Shen Wang; Baoshan: paratypes 1♂ 1♀ (CN20Pa00161, CN20Pa00162), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=98.787224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 98.787224/lat 25.3)">Gaoligong Mountains</a>, Baihua (hundreds of flowers) Ridge, 2000 m, 25°18’00’’ N 98°47’14’’ E, 20.viii.2020, leg. Zhi-Wei Dong.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 9.0– 9.8 mm, AbL 7.3–8.5 mm, BL 10.8–11.8 mm, FL 11.2–12.0 mm, FW 2.7–2.8 mm, HL 10.2–11.0 mm, HW 2.6–2.7 mm; Female: AbL 7.0–8.0 mm, BL 11.0– 11.8 mm, FL 11.0– 12.4 mm, FW 2.7–2.8 mm, HL 10.0– 11.3 mm, HW 2.6–2.7 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex yellow, rostrum yellowish brown. Star-shaped black patter enclosing ocellar triangle, and another black pattern on occiput.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, slightly tinged with grayish brown, markings blackish brown. Pterostigma reddish brown and conspicuous. Forewing apical band broad with oblique and irregular inner margin; pterostigma band with only anterior half present; basal band reduced to small spot above ending of 1A; marginal and basal spots absent; 1A ending beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings, except for basal band absent.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 brown with continuous pale median stripe extending from T1 to T6. A6 yellowish brown and gradually lightning towards apex, cylindrical, with deep U-shaped emargination on dorsal apex, and forming pair of triangular lobes greatly curling outwards on ventral margin. A7 and A8 yellowish brown; A7 cylindrical and greatly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, tapering towards apex, with U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 3/4 as long as gonocoxites, with basal stalk approximately 2/3 as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves slender, arcuate, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, with subacute earlobe-shaped basal lobe and rounded median tooth. Parameres bifurcated and covered with numerous stout microtrichia; ventral branch short, bifurcated subapically into two pointed thorns; dorsal branch stout, slightly convergent apically, almost extending to level of apex of gonocoxites. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous, semicircular, and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, and slightly curved inward at subacute apex.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance, except for denser wing markings (some individual with detached apical branch of pterostigmal band in forewings).</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate subtrapezoidal with truncated apex, and sparse long setae marginally. Medigynium with broad main plate approximately 3/5 as long as axis; lateral margin of main plate thickened than median region; posterior arms slender, arcuate, and approximately 1/3 as long as main plate; apodemes divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan: Baoshan (Gaoligong Mountains), Yongde (Mts Daxue and Tangli) (Fig. 2).</p> <p>Notes. This species coinhabits with Panorpa parallela Wang &amp; Hua, 2016 and Panorpa reflexa Wang &amp; Hua, 2016 in Mts Daxue and Tangli, Yunnan.</p> </div>	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067594723D9C6FB20FDE2CD4D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067574722D9C6FE38FC83C81C.text	03F2E67067574722D9C6FE38FC83C81C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa substricta Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa substricta sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 17)</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet is the Latin substricta (contracted, narrow, and small), referring to the small lobes on the dorsal apex of male A6. Adjective.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species greatly resembles Panorpa filina Chou &amp; Wang, 1987 and Panorpa caoweii Wang, sp. n. in the general appearance (especially, wing markings), but can be differentiated from the latter two by the males bearing pair of very small lobes on dorsal apex of A6, and the peculiar shape of the female medigynium.</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Guizhou: Holotype ♂ (CN17Pa00035), <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.19389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=26.379444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.19389/lat 26.379444)">Mt. Leigong</a>, 1700 m, 26°22’46’’ N 108°11’38’’ E, 04.ix.2017, leg. Ming-Zhi Zhao; paratypes 3♂ 1♀ (CN17Pa00036– CN17Pa00039), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 11.0 mm, AbL 8.8 mm, BL 12.5 mm, FL 13.0 mm, FW 2.5 mm, HL 12.0 mm, HW 2.4 mm; Female: AbL 9.5 mm, BL 13.8 mm, FL 13.3 mm, FW 2.6 mm, HL 12.2 mm, HW 2.5 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown, ocellar triangle black.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline and tinged with yellowish brown, markings black. Forewing with apical band broad and enclosing two large hyaline spots along apical cross-veins; pterostigmal band triangular with detached basal and apical branches posteriorly; marginal spot small and below R 1; basal band represented by wide spot at ending of 1A; basal spot at inner side of ending of 2A; 1A ending beyond level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings but with more reduced markings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 dark brown, with pale, discontinuous median stripe extending from T1 to T4. A6 blackish brown, cylindrical, with shallow V-shaped emargination on dorsal apex and forming pair of very small, subtriangular lobes. A7 and A8 yellowish orange, A7 nearly cylindrical, greatly humped on dorsal apex; A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, long oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, slightly tapering towards apex, with deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 7/8 as long as gonocoxites, with long basal stalk and splitting into pair of hypovalves in distal half. Hypovalves narrow, parallel, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli approximately half as long as gonocoxites, with disc-shaped basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth. Parameres bifurcated, with both branches slender and pointed at apex; ventral branch very short, approximately 1/5 as long as dorsal branch, greatly curved inward and hook-like; dorsal branch stout and straight. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous, greatly elongated and extending beyond apex of parameres; dorsal processes greatly elongated, broad foliate with apex beveled.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance, but with denser markings.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oval with slightly truncated apex and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with main plate approximately 2/3 as long as axis; posterior arms slender, acute and approximately half as long as main plate; apodemes of axis stout and greatly divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Guizhou (Mt. Leigong) (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067574722D9C6FE38FC83C81C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067564721D9C6FB08FD46CEAD.text	03F2E67067564721D9C6FB08FD46CEAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa xiaofeng Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa xiaofeng Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 18)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after Feng Xiao, one of three protagonists in the famous Chinese novel Demi-Gods and Semi-Devils. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species superficially resembles Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua, 2009 in general appearance, especially the wing markings reduced to several spots, and the triangular lobes in male A6. However, it can be readily differentiated by the following characters: 1) male hypovalves divergent terminally (cf. slightly convergent); 2) female axis of medigynium approximately twice as long as main plate (cf. approximately three times as long as the latter).</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Yunnan: Yunlong: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00173), burned area near the <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.23555&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.850279" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.23555/lat 25.850279)">Sky Lake</a>, 2740 m, 25°51’1’’ N 99°14’8’’ E, 12–28.ix.2020, leg. You-Jing Gong by Malaise Trap; Paratypes 2♂ 12♀ (CN20Pa00174CN20Pa00187), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 9.5–9.9 mm, AbL 8.4–8.8 mm, BL 11.5–12.0 mm, FL 10.0– 10.8 mm, FW 2.5–2.6 mm, HL 9.0– 9.6 mm, HW 2.3–2.4 mm; Female: AbL 7.0–8.0 mm, BL 10.0– 11.2 mm, FL 10.8–11.5 mm, FW 2.5–2.6 mm, HL 9.0–10.0 mm, HW 2.4–2.5 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar triangle enclosed by dark spot.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, slightly tinged with grayish brown, with apical and pterostigmal bands greatly reduced to several spots. Forewing 1A ending almost same level of ORs; and usually, two cross-veins between 1A and 2A (one in the left forewing, and none in the rightwing of holotype). Hindwings similar to forewings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 yellowish brown. A6 deeply emarginated in V-shape and forming pair of rounded triangular lobes. A7 and A8 yellowish brown, A7 nearly cylindrical and greatly humped on dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellowish brown, oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, slightly tapering towards apex, with deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 9/10 as long as gonocoxites, with narrow basal stalk approximately as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, divergent, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli approximately half as long as gonocoxites, greatly incurvated along outer margin, with disc-shaped basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth. Parameres bifurcated, with both branches acute at apex, and covered with numerous microtrichia; ventral branch approximately 2/5 as long as dorsal branch; dorsal branch greatly elongated and bending outwards apically. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous and rounded; dorsal processes stout, greatly elongated, nearly parallel, and with finger-like projection apically.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males but with denser wing markings.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oblong with slightly emarginated apex and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium with broad main plate approximately half as long as axis; posterior arms slender and slightly longer than main plate; apodemes of axis greatly divergent basally.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan: Yunlong (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067564721D9C6FB08FD46CEAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067554727D9C6F8A4FD46CDF9.text	03F2E67067554727D9C6F8A4FD46CDF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa xuzhu Wang & Gong 2021	<div><p>Panorpa xuzhu Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p> <p>(Fig. 19)</p> <p>Etymology. The new species is named after Xuzhu, one of three protagonists in the famous Chinese novel DemiGods and Semi-Devils. Noun in apposition.</p> <p>Diagnosis. The new species is peculiar in the Panorpa guttata group by the combination of the following characters: 1) body mostly yellow; 2) wings devoid of markings or with greatly reduced pterostigmal and apical bands; in males, 3) A6 nearly truncated at apex and lacking lobes; 4) dorsal processes slender and approximately as wide as parameres except enlarged distal portion; and in females, 5) axis of medigynium extremely long, slightly longer than twice the length of main plate.</p> <p>Type series. CHINA: Yunnan: Yunlong: Holotype ♂ (CN20Pa00188), burned area near the <a href="http://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=99.23583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.851944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 99.23583/lat 25.851944)">Sky Lake</a>, 2813 m, 25°51’7’’ N 99°14’9’’ E, 12–28.ix.2020, leg. You-Jing Gong by Malaise Trap; Paratypes 1♂ 7♀ (CN20Pa00189CN20Pa00196), same data.</p> <p>Measurements. Male: AtL 9.0– 9.4 mm, AbL 8.4–8.6 mm, BL 11.5–11.8 mm, FL 9.6–10.0 mm, FW 2.1–2.2 mm, HL 8.5–9.0 mm, HW 2.0– 2.1 mm; Female: AbL 8.0–9.0 mm, BL 11.0–13.0 mm, FL 10.8–11.3 mm, FW 2.2–2.4 mm, HL 9.5–10.2 mm, HW 2.1–2.3 mm.</p> <p>Description-male. Head. Vertex, occiput and rostrum yellowish brown. Ocellar triangle enclosed by dark spot.</p> <p>Wings. Membrane hyaline, slightly tinged with grayish brown and devoid of markings. Forewing 1A ending almost same level of ORs; and two cross-veins between 1A and 2A. Hindwings similar to forewings.</p> <p>Abdomen. T1–T5 yellow. A6 yellow, cylindrical, nearly truncated at apex and lacking lobes. A7 and A8 yellow, A7 nearly cylindrical and slightly beveled at dorsal apex, A8 constricted basally and greatly beveled apically.</p> <p>Male genitalia. Genital bulb yellow, long oval. Epandrium extending beyond middle of gonostylus, slightly tapering towards apex, with deep U-shaped terminal emargination and forming two parallel finger-like processes. Hypandrium Y-shaped and approximately 7/10 as long as gonocoxites, with long basal stalk approximately as long as hypovalves. Hypovalves narrow, divergent, with sparse long bristles along inner margin. Gonostyli shorter than half length of gonocoxites, slightly incurvated on outer margin, with disc-shaped basal lobe and subtriangular median tooth. Parameres bifurcated with both branches slender and bearing numerous microtrichia subapically; ventral branch approximately 4/5 as long as dorsal branch, and greatly bending outwards apically; dorsal branch relatively straight. Ventral aedeagal valves membranous, rounded, and covered with numerous microtrichia; dorsal processes slender, greatly elongated and enlarged towards apex, and with longitudinal groove.</p> <p>Description-female. Similar to males in general appearance, but with greatly reduced pterostigmal and apical bands in forewings.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Subgenital plate oblong with slightly emarginated apex and sparse long setae on distal margin. Medigynium slender, with main plate broadest at basal 2/5 and approximately 1/3 as long as axis; posterior arms slender and approximately 2/3 as long as main plate; apodemes of axis greatly divergent at base.</p> <p>Distribution. CHINA: Yunnan: Yunlong (Fig. 2).</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067554727D9C6F8A4FD46CDF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067534726D9C6FDACFA28CE02.text	03F2E67067534726D9C6FDACFA28CE02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa guttata Navas 1908	<div><p>Key to species of the Panorpa guttata group (males)</p> <p>(23 species)</p> <p>1. Wings with greatly developed markings, apical, pterostigmal, basal bands, and marginal and basal spots complete and broad 2</p> <p>‒ Wings with markings more or less reduced................................................................. 3</p> <p>2. Parameres simple............................................................. Panorpa furcata Zhou &amp; Zhou</p> <p>- Parameres with small inner projection subapically..................................... Panorpa qiana Zhou &amp; Zhou</p> <p>3. A6 simple on dorsal apex; A7 simple...................................................................... 4</p> <p>- A6 emarginated on dorsal apex; A7 greatly humped on dorsal apex............................................. 11</p> <p>4. Paramere unfurcated................................................................................... 5</p> <p>- Paramere bifurcated of trifurcated........................................................................ 7</p> <p>5. Parameres crossed...................................................... Panorpa duanyu Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p> <p>- Parameres uncrossed.................................................................................. 6</p> <p>6. Wings with reduced markings; male paramere slightly enlarged subapically................................................................................................................ Panorpa decolorata Chou &amp; Wang</p> <p>- Wings nearly devoid of markings; male paramere simple subapically....................................................................................................................... Panorpa parallela Wang &amp; Hua</p> <p>7. Parameres trifurcated............................................................ Panorpa liaoi Zhou &amp; Zhou</p> <p>- Parameres bifurcated.................................................................................. 8</p> <p>8. Head yellow with black pattern enclosing ocellar triangle and another black patter on occiput; parameres with ventral branch curved towards base of genital bulb................................................ Panorpa reflexa Wang &amp; Hua</p> <p>- Head yellow with only ocellar triangle black; parameres with both branches directing caudad......................... 9</p> <p>9. Wings with reduced apical, pterostigmal and basal bands............................... Panorpa caoweii Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Wings devoid of markings or with greatly reduced apical and pterostigmal bands.................................. 10</p> <p>10. A6–A8 black; basal stalk of hypandrium shorter than hypovalves....................... Panorpa nanzhao Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- A6–A8 yellow; basal stalk of hypandrium approximately as long as hypovalves........................................................................................................... Panorpa xuzhu Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p> <p>11. A6 with shallow emargination on dorsal apex and forming pair of inconspicuous lobes............................. 12</p> <p>- A6 with deep emargination on dorsal apex and forming pair of conspicuous lobes................................. 13</p> <p>12. Head with vertex yellowish brown; wings with scattered markings; male parameres bifurcated........................................................................................................ Panorpa dali Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Head with vertex shining black; wings devoid of markings; male parameres trifurcated......................................................................................................... Panorpa jiangrixini Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>13. A6 with one or few small and acute teeth on each lateral side below dorsal lobes; gonostylus covered with dozens of long setae on basal half of ventral surface.......................................................................... 14</p> <p>- A6 simple on lateral sides; gonostylus lacking such setae..................................................... 16</p> <p>14. A6 with truncated lobes on dorsal apex, and only one acute tooth on each lateral side below dorsal lobes.... Panorpa guttata Navás</p> <p>- A6 with subtriangular lobes on dorsal apex, and five teeth on each lateral side.................................... 15</p> <p>15. A6 with dorsal lobes not exceeding middle of A7, and one large tooth and four smaller teeth on each lateral side.... Panorpa jinfoshana Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- A6 with dorsal lobes exceeding middle of A7, and five same-sized teeth on each lateral side....................................................................................................... Panorpa latiloba Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>16. Head with large star-shaped black pattern enclosing ocellar triangle, and another black pattern on occiput.... Panorpa stella Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Head mostly yellowish brown with only ocellar triangle black................................................. 17</p> <p>17. A6 with pair of very small dorsal lobes; each lobe narrower than half width of A6 at base....................................................................................................... Panorpa substricta Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- A6 with pair of broad dorsal lobes; each lobe approximately half as wide as half A6 at base......................... 18</p> <p>18. Parameres with ventral branch greatly enlarged subapically with pointed apex.................................................................................................................. Panorpa hirundo Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Parameres with ventral branch simple.................................................................... 19</p> <p>19. Parameres with dorsal branch greatly curved outwards at sub-basal portion.................................................................................................................... Panorpa filina Chou &amp; Wang</p> <p>- Parameres with dorsal branch relatively straight............................................................ 20</p> <p>20- Parameres with dorsal branch slightly lobate and notched on inner side subapically................................................................................................................ Panorpa hani Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Parameres with dorsal branch simple..................................................................... 21</p> <p>21. Hypandrium with basal stalk shorter than hypovalves; dorsal branch of paramere convergent apically............ Panorpa huangguiqiangi Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Hypandrium with basal stalk approximately as long as or longer than hypovalves; dorsal branch of paramere divergent apically.............................................................................................. 22</p> <p>22. Hypandrium with hypovalves slightly convergent terminally......................... Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua</p> <p>- Hypovalves slightly divergent terminally.................................... Panorpa xiaofeng Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067534726D9C6FDACFA28CE02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
03F2E67067524725D9C6FDF2FA28CD52.text	03F2E67067524725D9C6FDF2FA28CD52.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panorpa guttata Navas 1908	<div><p>Key to species of the Panorpa guttata group (females)</p> <p>(21 species; P. filina and P. qiana unknown)</p> <p>1. Wings with greatly developed markings, apical, pterostigmal, basal bands, and marginal and basal spots complete and broad; medigynium lacking posterior arms............................................... Panorpa furcata Zhou &amp; Zhou</p> <p>- Wings with markings more or less reduced; medigynium with well-developed posterior arms......................... 2</p> <p>2. A9 greatly elongated and approximately twice as long as A8; medigynium with pair of anterior arms............................................................................ Panorpa reflexa Wang &amp; Hua</p> <p>- A9 simple; medigynium lacking anterior arms.............................................................. 3</p> <p>3. Vertex shining black; medigynium with axis entirely concealed in main plate................................................................................................................. Panorpa jiangrixini Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Vertex mostly yellow or yellowish brown; medigynium with axis longer than main plate............................. 4</p> <p>4. Subgenital plate greatly emarginated terminally; medigynium with lateral margins incurvated....................................................................................................... Panorpa liaoi Zhou &amp; Zhou</p> <p>- Subgenital plate rounded, truncated or slightly emarginated terminally; medigynium with lateral margins parallel or convex. 5</p> <p>5. Subgenital plate truncated terminally; medigynium with greatly curled lateral margins............................... 6</p> <p>- Subgenital plate rounded, slightly truncated or emarginated terminally; medigynium with simple lateral margins.......... 7</p> <p>6. Head with black star-shaped pattern enclosing ocellar triangle, and another black pattern on occiput; medigynium with posterior arms slender.................................................................... Panorpa stella Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Head mostly yellow with only ocellar triangle black; medigynium with posterior arms short triangular..................................................................... Panorpa huangguiqiangi Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>7. Medigynium with subtriangular main plate................................................................. 8</p> <p>- Medigynium with main plate oval or oblong............................................................... 10</p> <p>8. Medigynium with basal plate oblong and broad at base..................................... Panorpa guttata Navás</p> <p>- Medigynium with basal plate constricted at base............................................................. 9</p> <p>9. Medigynium with posterior arms almost parallel.................................... Panorpa jinfoshana Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Medigynium with posterior arms greatly incurvated................................... Panorpa latiloba Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>10. Medigynium with posterior arms very short and subtriangular............................. Panorpa hani Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Medigynium with posterior arms slender.................................................................. 11</p> <p>11. Medigynium with axis at least twice as long as main plate.................................................... 12</p> <p>- Medigynium with axis shorter than twice length of main plate................................................. 19</p> <p>12. Medigynium with main plate oval or sub-oval in shape...................................................... 13</p> <p>- Medigynium with main plate oblong in shape.............................................................. 18</p> <p>13. Medigynium with main plate smoothly convex at lateral margins.............................................. 14</p> <p>- Medigynium with main plate greatly convex at lateral margins................................................ 16</p> <p>14. Medigynium with posterior arms shorter than main plate........................... Panorpa decolorata Chou &amp; Wang</p> <p>- Medigynium with posterior arms longer than main plate..................................................... 15</p> <p>15. Medigynium with axis approximately three times as long as main plate..................................................................................................................... Panorpa kunmingensis Fu &amp; Hua</p> <p>- Medigynium with axis approximately twice as long as main plate.................................................................................................................... Panorpa xiaofeng Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p> <p>16. Medigynium with main plate broadest near middle.................................... Panorpa hirundo Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Medigynium with main plate broadest at sub-basal portion................................................... 17</p> <p>17. Forewing with reduced basal band; subgenital plate rounded at apex......................... Panorpa dali Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Forewing lacking basal band; subgenital plate slightly emarginated at apex............................................................................................................... Panorpa xuzhu Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p> <p>18. Medigynium slender, at least five times as long as wide................................ Panorpa caoweii Wang, sp. n. - Medigynium shorter, at most four times as long as wide............................... Panorpa nanzhao Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>19. Medigynium with triangular projection at apex of main plate between posterior arms........................................................................................................... Panorpa parallela Wang &amp; Hua</p> <p>- Medigynium lacking projection at apex of main plate........................................................ 20</p> <p>20. Wings with slightly reduced apical, pterostigmal, and basal bands; subgenital plate with slightly truncated apex; medigynium with apodemes of axis stout.................................................... Panorpa substricta Wang, sp. n.</p> <p>- Wings with greatly reduced apical and pterostigmal bands; subgenital plate with slightly pointed apex; medigynium with apodemes of axis slender................................................. Panorpa duanyu Wang &amp; Gong, sp. n.</p></div> 	http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F2E67067524725D9C6FDF2FA28CD52	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Wang, Ji-Shen;Gong, You-Jing	Wang, Ji-Shen, Gong, You-Jing (2021): Taxonomy of the Panorpaguttata group (Mecoptera: Panorpidae), withdescriptions of fourteen new species from China. Zootaxa 4981 (2): 241-274, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.3
